人教新目标2020年中考英语二轮复习学案：专题13 宾语从句

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台


专题13：宾语从句

【知识梳理1】什么是宾语从句
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语。
He can speak English . （这是简单句，不是宾语从句）
（动词）（名词宾语）
He says （that）he can speak English. （宾语从句）
（动词）（句子宾语）
He says（that）he can speak English.
（主句）（从句）

【知识梳理2】宾语从句三要素









【知识梳理3】用法详解
1. 连接词（引导词）：
1) 由that引导陈述句意思的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He says. He is a student. （合并为一句） → He says (that) he is a student.
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
2) 由if或whether引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
He asks. Is he a student?（合并为一句） → He asks if he is a student.
I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
注意：宾语从句中只能用whether不能用if的情况：
①在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
②宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
③和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
3) 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
He wants to know. When will she come back?（合并为一句）
→ He wants to know when she will come back.
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
I don’t know why the train is late.


【巩固练习】
There are no words to describe________ I miss my hometown.
A. how much B. how many C. how soon D. how long
Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money.
A. that; whose B. how; who C. what; who D. what; whose
He said ________ he would come back in a week.
A. when B. what C. that D. why
Do you know ________ I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star, Jackie!
A. whom B. when C. where D. how
People in Yancheng are proud of ________ they have achieved in the past thirty years.
how B. which C. what D. When
—Can you tell me ________ the prize, Tom?
—Last year.
A. when you got B. when did you get
C. when will you get D. when you will get
They wonder________robots will make humans lose their jobs or not.
A. that B. if C. whether D. even if
You can use English or Chinese ________ you travel in Singapore.
A. whether B. whatever C. where D. if
I wonder ________ you would like to come to my birthday party.
A. that B. if C. that if D. that whether
—Do you remember________ he came here?
—Of course I do. His father drove him here.
whether B. when C. how D. Why
Keys：ADCAC ACDBC

2. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序：陈述句语序，即主语(S)+谓语(V)。
He asks, “Is he a student?”（陈述语序）→He asks if he is a student.
Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder if/whetherhe works hard.
When did he leave? I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?


【巩固练习】
--I wonder ________.
--Shandong Province.
A. when will Peng Liyuan come B. where Peng Liyuan is from
C. where Peng Liyuan came from D. how Peng Liyuan will come
By reading the article, we know how ________ in our daily life.
A. will we protect the earth B. we can reduce pollution
C. should we save water D. we must recycle things
--Have you asked the policeman ________?
--Yes. He told us to turn left onto Main Street. It’s on the right.
A. if there is a bank near here B. how can we get to the nearest bank
C. where can we find a bank D. when we can go to the nearest bank
No one knows what ________ in fifty years.
A. will our life be like B. is our life like
C. our life will be like D. our life is like
--Mr. Wang, can you tell me ________?
--www.shedu.net will help you.
why I can get the latest news about education
where can I search for the information about high schools
where I can find out the exam scores
D. why can I get the latest news about education
Keys：CBACC

3. 宾语从句的时态：
1) 当主句的谓语动词为现在时态（并非只指一般现在时，也可以是现在完成时，现在进行时等现在时态）时，从句的谓语动词用它所需要的任何一种时态。

he studies English every day.
he is studying English now.
he will study English tomorrow.
He says (that) he has studied English for five years.
he was studying English from 8 to 9 yesterday evening.
he studied English five days ago.



2) 当主句的谓语动词为过去时态 (并非只指一般过去时，只要是过去的时态形式即可) 时，从句的谓语动词必须用它所相对应的过去时形式。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。

he studied English every day.
he was studying English now.
he would study English tomorrow.
He said (that) he had studied English for five years.
he was studying English from 8 to 9 yesterday evening.
he studied English five days ago.

注意：“could” 用于表委婉语气时，不是指过去时, 所以从句用 “can”而不能用“could”。
Could you tell me when I can leave?

3) 当从句描述的是事实、真理或格言、谚语时，从句谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制，都用一般现在时。
He says（said）that the earth goes around the sun.
He says（said）that it is better to give than to receive.


【巩固练习】
If you can’t find the place, I will show you ________.
A. what it is B. what it was C. where it is D. where it was
--Did the radio say ________?
--Yes, from Hunan.
A. how the bad rice came B. where the bad rice came from
C. how did the bad rice come D. where did the bad rice come from
--Did Mrs. Brown leave a message?
--Yes. She wanted to know________ this Sunday.
that you will go shopping
when will you go shopping with her
if you would go shopping with her
who you would go shopping
There are too many clothes in the shop. I really can’t decide ________.
A. which to buy coat B. to buy which coat
C. which coat should I buy D. which coat to buy
— Could you please tell me ________?
— In three days.
when will your course start
when your course will start
when your course started
when did your course start
Do you know ________ Guangzhou tomorrow?
A. whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for
C. whether they are leaving for D. whether do they leave for
---Can you guess ________ the new Nike sports shoes?
---Yes. Maybe he asked his grandpa to pay for them, I think.
A. where he bought B. how he paid for
C. when he paid for D. why he bought
—Could you tell me ________ yesterday?
—Because my bike was broken on my way here.
A. why you came late B. why do you come late
C. why you come late D. why did you come late
Tom said he ________ back in a week.
A. will come B. would come C. come D. comes
The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound.
A. travels B. travelled C. would travel D. had travelled
Keys：CBCDB CBABA

4. 宾语从句的否定转移：当动词think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称时，其否定通常转移到主句上，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
I don’t believe it is right for him to treat you like that.
I don’t think we need waste much time on it.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he?
We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?

【巩固练习】
1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.
He said ________ these flowers ________ from Guangdong.
2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.
My teacher told me ________ light ________ faster than sound.
3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn't know.
Jack didn't know ________ there ________ ________ a meeting in five days.
4. “Have you finished your homework yet?” Mr. Zhao asked Tom.
Mr. Zhao asked Tom ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ homework yet.
5. What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.
The girl wondered ________ ________ often________ about.
Keys:1.that,were; 2.that,travels; 3.that,would be; 4.if he had finished his; 5.what he,talked;





引导词+主语+谓语

主现从任意

真理永一现!

主过从过去






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