高中英语牛津译林版模块4 Unit 1——2课课练（含答案）

íü 'fI ?- ?i 'P 'J* ￥ ü& ?$
?i ?? ì? fi ?ü o
42 o ? 3
?? ìa i?_ ìi

词汇点击
persuade
【原文】An advertisement uses words and pictures to persuade people to buy a product or service, or to believe in an idea. (Page 2)
【解析】persuade为及物动词，意为“说服，劝服”，常用短语persuade sb. to do sth.和persuade sb. into (doing) sth. 意为
“说服某人做某事”；persuade sb. not to do sth.和persuade sb. out of (doing) sth. 意为“说服某人不要做某事”。如： Many netizens have been persuaded to choose a new way of consumption: team buying.
= Many netizens have been persuaded into a new way of consumption: team buying.
许多网民已经被说服选择团购作为一种新的消费方式。
He persuaded me not to drop the experiment.
= He persuaded me out of dropping the experiment.
他劝服我不要中断那个实验。
【辨析】persuade & advise
词
含义及用法
例句
persuade
表示已说服，强调结果
Her best friend persuaded her to take the job.
她的好朋友说服她接受了那份工作。
advise
表示劝说某人做某事，但是结果未知，advise sb. to do sth. 相当于try to persuade sb. to do sth.
Her best friend advised her to take the job.
= Her best friend tried to persuade her to take the job.
她的好朋友试图说服她接受那份工作。
【拓展】persuasive adj. 令人信服的，有说服力的
persuasion n. 说服，劝服
You need to include a couple of examples to make your argument more persuasive.
为了使你的论点更具说服力，你需要加上几个例子。He promised to keep it a secret after a little persuasion. 少许劝说之后，他答应将此事保密。
be meant to
【原文】PSAs are often run for free, and are meant to educate people about health, safety, or any other problem that affects public welfare. (Page 2)
【解析】be meant to do sth. 意为“旨在做某事，目的是做某事”。如：
The programme is meant to encourage more people to join in public service activities.
该节目旨在鼓励更多人参加公益活动。
be meant for sb. 意为“为某人而准备的，为某人而设的”。如： This course is meant for those beginners who are interested in English. 这一课程是为那些对英语感兴趣的初学者设计的。
mean还常用于以下结构中：mean (doing) sth. 意为“意味着（做）某事”；mean to do sth. 意为“打算做某事”。如：

In this poem, the budding flower means youth.
在这首诗中，含苞待放的花朵象征着青春。
For him, giving up this chance meant waiting for another three months.
对他来说，放弃这次机会意味着又要等三个月。I meant to go running this morning, but I overslept. 我今天早晨本打算去跑步，但是我睡过头了。
cure
【原文】This statement tries to fool you into assuming that the toothpaste cures bad breath, yet it does not say that! (Page 2)
【解析】cure可以用作动词，意为“治愈”，可引申为“改正”，常用短语cure sb. of sth. 意为“给某人治好某病；
改正某人的不良行为”。如：
They can cure him of his illness only if they operate on him.
他们只有给他动手术才能治愈他的病。
His parents are trying to cure him of his bad habits. 他父母正尽力改掉他身上的坏习惯。
cure还可以作名词，意为“疗法”。如：
The doctor claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease. 医生声称找到了治愈那种疾病的疗法。
【辨析】cure & treat
词
含义及用法
例句
cure
表示“治愈”，指结果
This medicine will cure your cough.
这种药能治好你的咳嗽。
treat
表示“治疗”，指过程
The dentist is treating my teeth. 牙医正在给我治牙病。
comment
【原文】The grocery just hopes that when you read the ad, you will feel pleased with the nice comment, remember the words ‘freshest food’, and make a mental connection with the food in the grocery. (Pages 2—3)
【解析】comment在该句中是名词，意为“评论，评价”，表示“对??做出评价”时，常用make a comment on
sth. 的结构。如：
She refused to make a comment on the incident. 她拒绝对此次事件做出评论。
comment还可以作动词，意为“评论，议论”，后面常接介词on再接宾语。如：
He sent back her poem to her, without commenting on it. 他把她的诗歌寄还给她，未对此诗歌做出任何评价。
trick
【原文】Not all ads play tricks on us though. (Page 3)
【解析】trick可以用作名词，表示“骗局，玩笑，恶作剧”等，play a trick/tricks on sb. 意为“对某人开玩笑，捉弄某人”。如：
The boy was a newcomer. So some students played a trick/tricks on him.
这个男孩是新来的。所以一些学生捉弄他。
trick作名词时还可以表示“戏法，把戏；诀窍”。如： An old dog cannot learn new tricks. 老狗学不会新把戏。He believes that patience is the trick in doing a job well. 他认为耐心是做好工作的诀窍。
trick还可以作动词，意为“欺骗，欺诈”，trick sb. into (doing) sth. 意为“欺骗某人做某事，误导某人做某事”； trick sb. out of sth. 意为“骗走某人某物”。如：
He tricked me into lending him $100. 他骗我借给了他一百美元。
He tricked the poor girl out of her money. 他把那个可怜女孩的钱骗走了。

aim
【原文】PSAs aim to teach us and help us lead better lives. (Page 3)
【解析】aim可以作动词，意为“以??为目标；瞄准”，常用短语aim to do sth. 意为“力争做某事”；aim at (doing) sth. 意为“旨在（做）某事”；aim sth. at sth. 意为“使??针对??； 把??瞄准??”。如：
I am aiming to lose 4 kg before the summer holidays.
我力争在暑假之前减掉四公斤体重。
He aims at mastering at least two foreign languages.
他的目的是至少要掌握两门外语。
The TV campaign is aimed at the 16–24 age group. 电视竞选活动是针对16—24这一年龄组进行的。He aimed his gun at the door. 他用枪指着门。
aim还可以作名词，意为“目的，目标；瞄准”，常用短语with the aim of 意为“以??为目的，以??为目标”；take aim意为“瞄准”。如：
She visited the factory with the aim of seeing the working conditions of the workers.
她参观工厂的目的是想看看工人们的工作条件。
The man took aim and ?red. 那名男子瞄准后就射击了。
deal with
【原文】These ads deal with widespread social concerns. (Page 3)
【解析】deal with意为“涉及，关于；处理，应付”。如： Her poems often deal with the subject of death.
她的诗歌常常涉及死亡这个主题。
Some measures have been taken to deal with the problem of refugees from Libya.
已经采取了一些措施来处理利比亚的难民问题。
注意：do with也可表示“对付，处理”，但是在特殊疑问句中常与what连用；而deal with在特殊疑问句中常与
how 连用。如：
What are you going to do with the cat when you are away?
你们外出时那只猫怎么安置？
How will he deal with the problem? 他将如何处理这个问题？
benefit
【原文】All of these ads are meant to bene?t the public, and you can often learn a lot by following the advice they
give. (Page 3)
【解析】benefit在此处为及物动词，意为“使受益”；此外它还可作不及物动词，意为“得益于”，常与介词
from连用。如：
That was a health programme to bene?t everyone.
那是一项对每个人都有好处的健康计划。
We bene?t from daily exercise.
我们得益于日常的锻炼。
bene?t也可以作名词，意为“益处”，常用短语be of bene?t to意为“对??有益处”；have the bene?t of意为“得益于”。如：
That dictionary will be of great bene?t to me.
那本词典会给我很大的帮助。
If you don’t give up, you will have the bene?t of exercise soon.
如果你坚持，你很快就会从锻炼中得益的。

【拓展】bene?cial adj. 有利的，有益的
Sunshine is bene?cial to health.
晒太阳对健康有好处。
recommend
【原文】I recommend that we should purchase 10 copies for the library. (Page 9)
【解析】recommend为及物动词，意为“建议，劝告；推荐，介绍”，常用于以下结构中：recommend that sb. (should) do sth. 意为“建议某人做某事”，相当于recommend sb. to do sth.；recommend sb. sth. 意为“向某人推荐某物”，相当于recommend sth. to sb.；recommend doing sth. 意为“建议做某事”。如：
His words have made Mary angry; I recommend that he (should) apologize to her.
= His words have made Mary angry; I recommend him to apologize to her.
他的话让玛丽生气了。我建议他向她道歉。
No doubt he recommended us a good restaurant.
= No doubt he recommended a good restaurant to us.
他确实给我们推荐了一个好饭店。
I recommend going there by air.
我建议我们坐飞机去那里。
【拓展】recommendation n. 正式建议，提议；推荐，介绍
The government has been considering the recommendation in the report.
政府一直在考虑报告中的建议。
We went to Spain for our holiday on his recommendation.
在他的推荐下，我们去西班牙度假了。
determine
【原文】In order to determine your audience, you will need to do a little research and analysis in advance. (Page 18)
【解析】determine为及物动词，意为“确定，查明；决定，支配；裁决，安排”。如：
The cause of the ?re has not been determined yet.
大火的起因仍未确定。
Family education plays an important part in determining one’s character.
家庭教育对于一个人性格的形成起着重要作用。Shall we determine what we are going to do next? 我们来确定一下下一步该做什么吧？
determine还可以表示“决定，决心（做某事）”，常用结构determine to do sth. 和determine on/upon sth. 意为
“决心做某事”；determine that ... 意为“决定??”。如： He has determined to give up smoking.
他已决定戒烟。
I determined on/upon an early start.
我决定早早出发。
She determined that she would never lend him any money again.
她决心再也不借钱给他了。
【拓展】determination n. 决定，决心
determined adj. 决心，决意；坚决的，果断的
She is a person of determination. 她是一个果断的人。Nothing could stop a person who is determined to succeed. 什么都无法阻止一个决心要获得成功的人。

Sarah Josepha Hale made a determined effort to make Thanksgiving an of?cial holiday in America.
萨拉·约瑟夫·海尔坚定不移地为使感恩节成为美国的法定节日而努力。
appeal
【原文】It is important to always try to appeal to the audience in order to get them to react in a certain way. (Page 18)
【解析】appeal为不及物动词，意为“有吸引力；呼吁，恳请”，常用短语appeal to sb. 意为“对某人有吸引
力”；appeal to sb. to do sth. 意为“呼吁某人做某事，恳请某人做某事”。如： The range of topics will appeal to young people.
这类话题会对年轻人有吸引力。
We appeal to everyone to save water.
我们呼吁大家节约用水。
appeal还可以作名词，意为“吸引力，感染力；呼吁，请求”。如： There has been an argument on whether classic literature has lost its appeal. 对于文学经典是否失去了吸引力一直有争论。
The police made an appeal to the witnesses to provide them with more information about the accident.
警方呼吁目击者给他们提供更多关于这起事故的信息。
get sth. across
【原文】There are lots of different ways to get your message across when you are putting together an ad campaign. (Page 18)
【解析】get sth. across意为“将??表达清楚”。如：
He is not good at getting his ideas across.
他不善于表达自己的思想。
get across作不及物动词短语时，意为“被理解”。如：
The teacher tried to explain the problem, but his explanation didn’t get across to the students.
老师努力地解释那个问题，但是学生们没有听懂他的解释。
urge
【原文】If we can convince young people not to start, they might then urge their parents and other people to give up smoking, too. (Page 19)
【解析】urge可以用作动词，意为“敦促，力劝；竭力主张”，常用结构urge sb. to do sth. 意为“力劝某人做某
事”；urge that sb. (should) do sth. 意为“竭力主张某人做某事”。如：
Jim urged Uncle John to buy a digital watch for him. 吉姆央求约翰叔叔买一个电子手表给他。Scientists urge that wildlife (should) be protected. 科学家竭力主张保护野生生物。
urge还可以作名词，意为“强烈欲望，冲动”。如：
I have an urge to help people when they are in trouble. 当人们遇到难处时，我急切地想帮助他们。
shock
【 原 文 】 We want to shock people into realizing that many smokers die all too soon from illnesses and diseases related to smoking. (Page 19)
【解析】shock可以作动词，意为“使震惊，使惊愕”，常用短语be shocked at sth. 意为“因某事而震惊”；be
shocked to do sth. 意为“因做某事而震惊”。如：
He was shocked at the discovery that she was a thief. 发现她是一个小偷，他很吃惊。
I was shocked to hear of his death. 听到他过世的噩耗，我十分震惊。
shock也可以作名词，意为“震惊，惊愕”。如：
The realization that he had been in prison was a shock. 知道他曾蹲过监狱是件令人震惊的事。

句型精析
One grocery tells customers, ‘You are proud of your cooking, so shouldn’t you buy the very freshest food?’ (Page 2)
【解析】shouldn’t ...? 为反问句，意为“难道不该??吗？”。如：
Shouldn’t you try to save some money rather than spend it all?
难道你不应该攒些钱，而不是把钱都花掉吗？
Not all ads play tricks on us though. (Page 3)
【解析】not all表示部分否定。与not连用表示部分否定的词还有：both、every、always、altogether、wholly、
entirely、completely、everything、everybody等。如： All that glitters is not gold.
发光的并不都是金子。
Both the twin sisters were not willing to go shopping with their mother.
那对双胞胎姐妹不都愿意和妈妈去购物。（一个愿意，一个不愿意）
There are even PSAs to teach us how to live healthy lives. (Page 3)
【解析】(1) there be句型中，主语后接动词不定式短语to teach us how to live healthy lives作后置定语，修饰
PSAs。如：
There should be some steps to prevent such accidents.
应该采取一些措施来防止这样的事故。
(2) how to live healthy lives为“疑问词 + 动词不定式短语”结构，在句中作宾语。这样的结构相当于一个名词， 在句中可作主语、宾语或者表语。如：
He told us that whether to have a picnic was still under discussion.
他告诉我们去不去野餐还在讨论中。
I can’t decide where to go for our holiday.
我不能决定我们去哪里度假。
What I want to know most is how to collect enough money for our project.
我最想知道的是如何才能为我们的项目筹集到足够的经费。
When it comes to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them! (Page 3)
【解析】when it comes to ... 意为“当谈到??，当话题转入??”，其中to是介词，后面可接名词或动名词。如： When it came to her son’s achievements, she began to talk with us.
当谈到她儿子的成就时，她开始和我们攀谈起来。
Girls tend to have a lot to say when it comes to sharing their feelings.
当涉及分享情感时，女孩子往往有很多话要说。
When planning a public welfare campaign, you may want to ask yourself ... (Page 18)
【解析】When planning a public welfare campaign在句中作时间状语， 补充完整为：When you are planning a public welfare campaign。当主句与从句的主语一致，且从句主语后接be动词时，可以把从句的主语和be动词一起省略。如：
Be careful while (you are) crossing the street.
过马路时要小心。
【拓展】当时间、条件、方式、比较状语从句的主语是it，主语后又接be动词时，也可以将从句的主语it和be 动词一起省略。如：
Unless (it is) necessary, you’d better not refer to the dictionary.
如果没有必要，你最好不要查词典。
语法指导
直接引语和间接引语
直接引语与间接引语的转换
时态的变化
主句谓语动词（reporting verb）为过去时的情况下，直接引语转为间接引语时时态的变化如下表：
直接引语
间接引语
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般过去时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
过去将来时
注意：a 直接引语如果讲述的是客观事实或真理，变为间接引语时时态不变。如：
The teacher said to us, “The moon moves around the earth.”
= The teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth.
老师告诉我们月球绕着地球转。
b 直接引语的谓语动词如果由“must + 动词原形”构成，变为间接引语时不变。如：
“You must get home before 9 p.m.,” Mary’s mother said.
= Mary’s mother said that she must get home before 9 p.m.
玛丽的妈妈说她必须在晚上9点前到家。
人称的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时人称代词的变化通常是第一、第二人称代词变为第三人称代词，但要视具体情况而定。如：
The boy said, “I left my homework at home.”
= The boy said that he had left his homework at home.
男孩说他把作业忘在家里了。
时间状语、指示代词、地点状语和动词的变化列举如下表：
直接引语
间接引语
时间状语
now
then
today
that day
tonight
that night
yesterday
the day before/the previous day
this week (month, year ...)
that week (month, year ...)
last week (month, year ...)
the week (month, year ...) before/the previous week (month, year ...)
a week (month, year ...) ago
a week (month, year ...) before/earlier
tomorrow
the next/following day
next week (month, year ...)
the next/following week (month, year ...)
the day before yesterday
two days before/earlier
the day after tomorrow
two days later/in two days
指示代词
this/these
that/those
地点状语
here
there
动词
come
go

直接引语为疑问句、祈使句时改为间接引语
疑问句
直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，句末用句号。
一般疑问句：变为间接引语时，要用whether或if引导。如：
Mother asked me, “Have you ?nished your homework?”
= Mother asked me whether/if I had ?nished my homework.
妈妈问我是否做完作业了。
选择疑问句：变成间接引语时，通常用whether引导。如：
“Are you going to Beijing or Shanghai for the holiday?” she asked.
= She asked me whether I was going to Beijing or Shanghai for the holiday.
她问我假期打算去北京还是去上海。
附加疑问句：变成间接引语时，可以用whether或if引导。如：
“You don’t like rock music, do you?” Helen asked.
= Helen asked me whether/if I liked rock music.
海伦问我是否喜欢摇滚音乐。
特殊疑问句：变为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导。如：
“How many sleeping pills have you taken?” asked the nurse.
= The nurse asked me how many sleeping pills I had taken.
护士问我服了多少颗安眠药。
有些表示请求、劝告、建议等意义的疑问句形式上是疑问句，但实际上用来表示请求、劝告、建议等。这种疑问句出现在间接引语时，可用以下结构：
① 用“ask/advise + 宾语 + 动词不定式”表示请求、劝告。如：
“Why don’t you take the rest of the day off?” said my assistant.
= My assistant advised me to take the rest of the day off.
我的助手建议我把一天中接下来的时间用来休息。
② 用“suggest + (one’s + ) 动名词”或“suggest + that从句”表示建议。如： “What about flying to Beijing?” he said to us.
= He suggested our flying to Beijing.
= He suggested that we (should) fly to Beijing.
他建议我们坐飞机去北京。
祈使句
直接引语为祈使句变为间接引语时，用“动词 + 宾语 + (not +) 动词不定式”结构，原来的祈使句变为以动词不定式形式出现的宾语补足语。常用的动词有ask、tell、order等，也可以用advise、
invite、encourage、remind、warn等。如： “Don’t smoke near the gas station,” said Jack.
= Jack told us not to smoke near the gas station.
杰克叫我们不要在加油站附近抽烟。
一课一练
一、阅读关于商业广告的短文，并根据短文内容选择正确的答案
In the West, advertisements are the fuel that makes the mass media ( 大 众 传 媒 ) work. Many TV stations, newspapers, magazines and radio stations are privately ( 私 人 地 ) owned. The government does not give them money. So where does the money come from? From advertisements. Without advertisements, there would not be these private businesses.
Have you ever asked yourself what advertising is? Through the years people have given different answers to the question. For some time it was felt that advertising was a means of “keeping your name before the public”. And some people thought that advertising was “truth well told”. Now more and more people consider it in this way: advertising is the paid, non-personal, and usually persuasive presentation of goods, services and ideas by certain
sponsors (赞助商) through the various media.
First, advertising is usually paid for. Various sponsors pay for the advertisements we see, read, and hear over the various media. Second, advertising is non-personal. It is not face-to-face communication. Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you, in fact, it is directed at large groups of people. Third, advertising is usually persuasive. Directly or indirectly it asks people to do something. All advertisements try to make people believe that the product, service, or idea advertised can bene?t them. Fourth, the sponsors of the advertisement must show their names. From the advertisement, we can see if the sponsor is a
company, or a single person. Fifth, advertising reaches us through the old and modern mass media. Included in the old media are newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and ?lms. The modern media include e-mails, matchbox covers, and boards on top of buildings.
The existence of the privately owned mass media depends on the support of .
the government B. their owners’ families
C. advertisements D. the TV stations
The passage seems to say that different ideas of advertising are given due to .
the change of time
the subject of the advertisements
people’s age difference
people’s different opinions
Which of the following belongs to the modern mass media?
Newspapers. B. E-mails. C. Magazines. D. Films.
According to the passage, which of the following statements about advertisements is NOT true?
The sponsors are always mentioned.
Advertising must be honest and humorous.
Advertising differs from face-to-face communication.
Advertising is meant for large groups of people.

二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Advertising
An argument for advertisements asserts (声称) that advertisements give up-to-date information about products. However, the argument 1 advertisements is that they 2 (do) give information but rather try to persuade us to buy.
Pro-advertisement people tell us that 3 there were no advertising, consumers would only know about goods in their local shops. Anti-advertisement people say that, in reality, advertisements create a demand for goods that are not really needed.
Advertisements claim that advertising helps sell to a bigger market. Therefore, as more goods are sold, they become
4 (cheap). People who disagree with advertising argue that it actually adds 5 the cost of goods. Finally, people in 6 of advertising say advertisements provide income for newspapers, magazines, etc.
Those who dislike advertising say they do not enjoy seeing advertisements everywhere, such as in newspapers and on buses. They say advertisements are 7 (general) ugly to look at and spoil the environment.
My opinion is that advertisements do not describe reality. They give us unrealistic 8 (expect) for ourselves and satisfy greedy (贪婪的) needs. They are everywhere and 9 (avoid) even if we try to get
10 of them. I wouldn’t like to see advertisements any more.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
三、完成下面的表格，欣赏著名英文广告词
Slogan (English)
Slogan (Chinese)
Company
Ask for more
(1)
百事可乐
(2)
味道好极了
(3)
Good to the last drop
(4)
麦斯威尔咖啡
Intelligence (5)
智慧演绎，无处不在
摩托罗拉手机
Take TOSHIBA, take the world
拥有东芝，拥有世界
(6)
Let’s make things better
(7)
飞利浦电子
Share moments; share life
(8)
柯达胶卷
We lead; (9)
我们领先，他人仿效
理光复印机
Poetry in motion, dancing close to me
动态的诗，(10)
丰田汽车
(11)
岂止于大
苹果手机
Just do it
只管去做
(12)
I’m (13) it
我就喜欢
麦当劳
Delighting you always
(14)
佳能
Anything is possible
(15)
李宁


一、根据Reading课文内容选择正确的答案
A commercial advertisement is .
to encourage people to buy a product or service
paid for to make people believe in an idea, for example, “No smoking”
often charged for free
meant to educate people about health, safety and so on
We can learn from to the passage that .
all those who advertise lie in one way or another
no advertisement lies at all
advertisements that do not lie may not tell the complete truth
the methods used in advertisements tell the truth
The sentence “You are proud of your cooking, so shouldn’t you buy the very freshest food?” really intends to tell people that .
if you are a good cook, it is not necessary for you to buy the freshest food
the freshest food in our grocery has made you a good cook
the best cooks make the freshest food
since you are a good cook, you need to buy the freshest food in our grocery
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
All advertisements don’t play tricks on us.
Both commercial advertisements and public service advertisements use the same methods, like attractive pictures and clever language.
Commercial advertisements usually teach us and help us lead better lives.
The Chinese government has been using PSAs to educate people for years.
How many main types of advertisements are mentioned in the text?
One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
二、根据Reading课文内容完成下面的思维导图
Commercial ads
PSAs
Expense
Charged
(1)
Purpose
(2)
To serve the public by teaching them and helping them lead better lives
Comment
Full of (3)
Believable
Examples
Bright-Teeth ?ghts bad breath!
You are proud of your cooking,
so shouldn’t you buy (4)
food?
Yes to life, no to drugs.
knowledge changes life
Project Hope—(5)
When you smoke cigarettes, you are slowly killing yourself.
Methods
Using (6) and clever language
Author’s opinion
(7) .


一、根据首字母或中英文提示完成下列句子
These public service a have helped increase public knowledge of the importance of environmental protection.
We sat drinking coffee, smoking c and talking.
It is an expensive investment but it will b the company in the long run.
The man was arrested for having c people out of their money.
Naturally, we will do our best to p people to buy our products.
Before starting the new service, the company carried out a (全国范围的) survey.
The teacher set the class a (理解) test.
Joan (评论) that it was a wonderful play, and I agreed.
He (请教) the workers and soon understood the technical process.
The little (杂货店) is losing all its customers to the new supermarket.
Ads always employ language to people into buying their products. (persuade)
The boss was very with our work and promised us to go to Paris for . And the weather was so . (please)
She is a woman of unique talent and . After ?nishing one task, her aim is ?rst of all to
what to do next. (determine)
Her trouble was found to be m , not physical.
The doctor decided to devote himself to ?nding a c for this disease.
二、用方框内所给单词或词组的适当形式填空
use to
come to
be pleased with
deal with
persuade ... to
be meant to
make a connection with
even if
keep
comment
pay for
fall for
It was believed that his visit strengthen US partnerships in the region.
The salesman said the car was in good condition, and I was foolish enough to it.
—Do you like to play basketball?
—No, but I play basketball at college.
You must carefully the secret documents relating to the plan of our company.
we could afford it, we wouldn’t go abroad for our holiday.
In China, a large number of cars, even houses, in cash.
When speaking to a stranger, ask them where they are from and that place.
When it the next generation of alternative fuel vehicles, everyone agrees that much will depend on the government.
Doctors shall smokers kick the habit.
I your services for years, and will certainly continue to come here.
They urged that the library open during the vacation.
You are an expert in the IT industry. Have you any to make on the latest developments?

三、用适当的介词填空
Do you suppose I have paid a thousand dollars that?
Having been with him for a while, I became deeply aware that he was someone worth trusting.
It is dif?cult for you to cure him his illness.
Others played trick them and called them April fools.
The old man was fooled buying that second-hand car yesterday.
That is such an old trick. I cannot believe you actually fell it.
A man of strong will feels in control of his own life, while a man of weak will feels himself to be a slave
his fate.
四、改写同义句，每空一词
If you don’t know this word, you can look it up in the dictionary.
If you don’t know this word, you can the dictionary.
What shall we do with an armed thief?
shall we an armed thief?
This health programme is put forward to do good to everyone.
This health programme is put forward to everyone.
This health programme is put forward so that everyone could it.
We have spent millions of pounds making advertisements for this type of cat food.
We have spent millions of pounds this type of cat food.
All the students don’t want to take a trip to the museum.
the students take a trip to the museum.
五、根据括号中所给提示把下列句子翻译成英文
我们要如何推销这一新产品呢？(promote)
当他意识到上当时，那个女子已经不见了。(cheat)
那个年轻人立志要当一名成功的作家。(aim to)
尽管这种生活方式有些奇怪，我们已经习惯了。(be used to)
即使你跳得很高，你也跳不过两米。(even though)
这则广告旨在号召大家保护野生动物。(be meant to)
汤姆被警告不要捉弄别人。(play tricks on)
当提到全球变暖问题时，他变得健谈起来。(when it comes to)
在你开始演讲之前，做一下深呼吸并且微笑！(breath)
他已经学会了恰当应对各种局面。(deal with)


一、用方框内所给的单词或词组填空（注意使用适当的形式）
sales & marketing department
market research
target
consumer
go on the market
market share
figure
product
It is reported that Amazon increased its from 18.9 per cent in the same period in 2012 to
21.8 per cent this year.
After antibiotics such as penicillin were developed and in the mid-1940s, fewer people died from infections caused by bacteria.
Setting yourself that are too dif?cult to achieve may discourage you.
Ted has been working in the for over ten years.
To their disappointment, their new does not sell well.
The company will do more before deciding whether to launch the new model.
The government hasn’t yet published this year’s export .
who are concerned about their health may want to learn more about the food they buy.
二、用下面所给单词的形容词形式完成字谜，并用字谜中箭头所指单词完成句子

commerce
health
hero
attraction
help
excitement
origin
danger
Hidden word
↓
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
With the economic development, we needn’t worry about food and any more.


一、根据首字母或中文提示完成下列句子
The s can be downloaded on the Internet.
Doctors now strongly r that fathers should be present at their baby’s birth.
Jim gave the waitress a $5 t and left the restaurant.
We were (大为惊奇的) to see the number of people waiting in line at Macy’s on Black Friday.
The manager (购买) some new pieces of equipment to improve the working conditions of the employees.
A group of (级别高的) government of?cials will attend the meeting tomorrow.
二、阅读天气预报，选择气象预报员的原话
She said there was going to be a terrible storm.
“There was a terrible storm.” B. “There’s going to be a terrible storm.”
She said the winds might reach 170 miles per hour.
“The winds may reach 170 miles per hour.” B. “The winds would reach 170 miles per hour.”
She said there would be more rain the next day.
“There will be more rain the next day.” B. “There will be more rain tomorrow.”
She told people that they should try to leave the area.
“You should have tried to leave the area.” B. “ You should try to leave the area.”
She said that it could cause a lot of damage.
“It can cause a lot of damage.” B. “It would cause a lot of damage.”
三、单句改错
He told Dr Bethune to not go on operating any more.
The of?cer ordered the soldier to use your knife to open the box.
The girl asked me whether could I tell her how to pronounce this word.
Mrs Hill asked Alice which dress she likes the best.
The salesgirl asked the old man what he had dealt with the watch.
John asked me help him carry that heavy box.
四、阅读下面的一段对话，用间接引语转述黑体部分的内容
Tom: Hi, Bill! You’re reading the novel again.
Bill: Yes, (1) Tom, I’ll never be tired of it. Tom: Really? Who wrote it?
Bill: Charles Dickens. (2) I think he is a great English writer. What about you?
Tom: Me, too. He is my favourite foreign writer. Please let me have a look.
Bill: OK, here you are! (3) What do you think of this novel?
Tom: It’s wonderful. I haven’t seen such a novel for long. Where did you buy it?
Bill: (4) I bought it in the Rose Bookshop. Tom: I don’t know where it is. Is it far from here?
Bill: No. (5) It’s only 10 minutes’ walk from here, next to the People’s Cinema.
Tom: Oh, I see. I’m going there to get one, too. Thank you!
Bill: You’re welcome!
1
2
3
4
5


一、将下面的直接引语改为间接引语，每空一词
“These flowers are from Guangdong,” he said.
He said flowers from Guangdong.
“Light travels faster than sound,” my teacher told me.
My teacher told me light faster than sound.
“Have you f?inished your homework?” Mr Zhao asked Ma Gang.
Mr Zhao asked Ma Gang homework.
“What does he often talk about?” the girl wondered.
The girl wondered often about.
“What’s your name?” I asked him.
I asked him what .
“Do you want fried chicken?” he asked the boys.
He asked the boys they fried chicken.
二、根据括号中所给提示，把下列句子连接为宾语从句
Jack didn’t know .
(There will be a meeting in ?ve days.)
I want to know . (Can they speak French?)
Tell me . (Are the children playing games?)
I’d like to know . (How many people can you see in the picture?)
Do you know ? (Where did she park her car?)
I don’t know . (Who knocked at the door so loudly?)
I wonder . (Does he still live in this street?)
Please tell me . (When does the train arrive?)
I don’t know . (Was the watch made in Shanghai?)
We have not discussed yet . (Where are you going to place your new furniture?)
His father told him . (You should be more careful next time.)
Mr Wang told the children . (I will leave for Shanghai on business next month.)

Mary said . (I haven’t heard from my parents these days.)
The geography teacher told us . (The moon moves around the Earth.)
Zhang Hong told me . (Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.)
She asked George . (Have you anything interesting I can read?)
三、单句改错
Do you know when will they come?
Father asked Bob which one did he like best.
Do you know what they do at the moment?
I have no idea where Mr Brown had worked. I haven’t seen him for several months.
The shopkeeper told Lily that we can help her.
Can you tell your mother when will you arrive home?
When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know which lane is he entering.
I just wonder what it is makes him so excited.
When Alice came to, she did not know how long she was lying there.
I made a promise to myself what this year, my ?rst year in high school, would be different.
He told Dr Bethune to not go on operating any more.
The of?cer ordered the soldier to use your knife to open the box.
Mr John asked me help him to carry the heavy box.
四、根据所给中文提示完成下列句子
我想知道她在找谁。
I want to know .
你决定何时前往加拿大了吗？
Have you decided ?
你能告诉我他昨天回来过吗？
Would you please tell me ?
我问过他英语是不是他最喜欢的学科。
I asked him .
我听说你在酒吧工作。
I hear .
我不知道发生了什么。
I don’t know .
约翰有一辆新车。我想知道他什么时候买的。
John has a new car. I wonder .
你认为汤姆什么时候会到这儿。
What time do you think .


一、听下面三段对话，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话仅读一遍
How much did the man’s sister pay for her tennis shoes?
A. $25. B. $35. C. $45.
How did Sarah get the information about the hairdryer?
From today’s newspaper. B. From TV. C. From the Internet.
How will the woman pay?
In cash. B. By cheque. C. By credit card.
二、听下面两段对话或独白，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话或独白读两遍
听第4段材料，回答第1至第3题。
How did the man buy his television?
He went to a store.
He bought it on the Internet.
He ordered it over the telephone.
When did the man get his television?
On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.
What does the woman promise to do for the man?
Send him a remote control.
Change the TV set for him.
Help him set up the television.
听第5段材料，回答第4至第7题。
What is the purpose of the speech?
To attract people to visit Adventure World.
To introduce the history of Adventure World.
To tell the improvement of Adventure World.
Who can enjoy special shows on Saturday?
Adults. B. Children under ten. C. Children over 11.
What do we know about Adventure World?
It is far from Upton.
It is open on 12 March.
It adds some new things this year.
What is the speed of Adventure World’s rides except Splashdown?
They go at 30 kilometres per hour.
They go at 45 kilometres per hour.
They go at 75 kilometres per hour.


一、根据所给提示，完成下面的短文
Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods (1) (以合理的价格), thus establishing a ?rm home market and
(2) (使??成为可能) provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas, it helps (3) (提高生活标准). By helping increase demand, it ensures an increased need for labour, and is therefore an effective way to ?ght unemployment.
Advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. No regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to (4) (兑现) the promise of his advertisements. He might (5) (愚弄) some people for a little while through misleading advertising, but he will not do so for long, because the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article (6) (不止一次).
Advertising does more for the material bene?t of the community than any other force. I have heard a well-known
television personality declare that he (7) (反对) advertising because it persuades
(8) (而不是) informs. If its message was con?ned only to information—and that in itself would be dif?cult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail (9) (例如) the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly (微妙地) persuasive—advertising would be (10)
(如此乏味) that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants.
二、根据Task部分所学的要点，完成作文
你家附近刚开了一家三明治店，这家店每天24小时营业，做的三明治价廉物美，味道可口，深受顾客喜爱。请你为它写一则广告，词数100左右。


一、根据Project课文How do you build an ad campaign?内容完成下面的短文，每空一词
Unlike a single advertisement, an ad campaign is a planned programme of advertisements 1 various kinds of ads are used to reach a certain audience. Here are some 2 on starting a successful ad campaign.
Firstly, you have to determine your target audience, that is to say, you have to do a little research and analyze
3 you want to reach ahead of 4 . After you have determined your audience, it’s time to decide
5 to say in your ad campaign. For instance, before starting a public welfare campaign, you’ll have to gather the following information: the 6 the audience already have, their 7 , their interest and how they are personally 8 by the problem. Finally, when you are putting together an ad campaign, there are lots of ways to get your message 9 . It’s up to you to decide what approach you want to use. Of course, you should employ the kinds of ads 10 reach your target audience best.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
二、根据Project课文Anti-smoking ad campaign内容完成下面的思维导图


一、根据首字母或中文提示完成下列句子
When you smoke, he says, dangerous matter from t smoke gets into your hair and clothing.
He has been working on this e for twenty minutes but he has written only a hundred words.
Online banking is believed to a to customers because it is more convenient than visiting bank branches.
The warmth of the sweater will of course be d by the sort of wool used.
Japanese scientists are conducting an experiment to see how children r to video games.
At the meeting last week, many speakers (竭力主张) immediate action against the illegal trade.
In the Department of Health, services are (以??为目标) at various age groups.
According to the recent survey, (癌症) is the leading cause of death among young adults in this area.
Marketers use social (媒体) and new technology to reach young people and sell products.
(就本人而言), I wouldn’t say I’ve played the best two games of my career but I’m quite content.
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
I couldn’t remember who told me this (shock) news.
Web (design) must imagine a lot when they are making a website.
I was very much pleased by your (analyse) of the situation.
My grandfather is a heavy (smoke).
When plastics and rubber are burned, they give off (poison) gases.
I am determined to devote my (young) to my motherland.
三、改写同义句，每空一词
His failure in the ?nal exam shocked all of us.
All of us his failure in the ?nal exam. All of us found his failure in the ?nal exam .
She explained her plan again to make herself understood.
She explained her plan again to .
At that time none of us knew the consequences.
At that time none of us the consequences.
As was reported by the news, the earthquake in Pakistan might have caused the death of more than 50,000 people. As was reported by the news, the earthquake in Pakistan might have the death of more than 50,000 people.
Are you interested in these paintings?
Do these paintings you?
This morning I saw the student, who you mentioned yesterday.
This morning I saw the student, you mentioned yesterday.

We tried our best to persuade him not to drive after drinking.
We tried our best to him driving after drinking.
We tried our best to him driving after drinking.
When he stood at the top of the hill, he looked down and found his school more beautiful.
at the top of the hill, he looked down and found his school more beautiful.
I used to be a model worker, but people showed little interest in what had happened to me in the past when I hunted for a new job.
I used to be a model worker, but people what had happened to me in the past when I hunted for a new job.
The most important thing to remember when you deal with an emergency is to stay calm.
The most important thing to when you deal with an emergency is to stay calm.
四、根据括号中所给提示把下列句子翻译成英文
她到上海已经一个多月了，但仍没有想出下一步做什么。(?gure out)
考试结束后，我让学生们把教室打扫干净。(get sb. to do sth.)
多亏了你们的帮忙，我们提前完成了任务。(in advance)
你该认识并改正自己的错误了。(it’s time)
我突然想去游泳。(urge)
政府呼吁人们少用塑料袋。(appeal to)
那位演讲者举了几个例子来使所有参会的人明白他的意思。(get sth. across)
—你们什么时候出发？
—视情况而定。(depend)
我们设法劝他不要在没有向导的情况下去爬山。(discourage sb. from doing sth.)
他父亲十年前死于癌症。(die from)


周练习 1 Welcome to the unit~Grammar and usage
一、根据首字母或中文提示完成下列句子
I got out of b when I climbed those stairs.
Tom f Kate into doing his homework for him.
Solving that problem remains the best of all ways to p a wider peace.
I’m afraid they are not p with the house you’ve chosen for them.
When shopping, people sometimes can’t help being p into buying something they don’t really need.
He has (咨询) his lawyer about the legal problems involved.
The news about the poisonous food caused (全国范围的) concern in surrounding cities.
A man should be assumed to be (无罪的) of a crime until he is proved guilty.
They set up the organization with the (目的) of helping people suffering from natural disasters.
The teacher punished the student for (作弊) in the exam.
二、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空
He told me he still (correct) his students’ English papers at ten o’clock last night.
His father asked him whether he (pass) the driving test or not.
The English teacher told the naughty girl (not speak) in her English class any longer.
The girl’s parents told her (make) good use of her spare time to learn English.
I asked him where he (buy) a birthday gift for his wife the next day.
He said that the People’s Republic of China (found) in 1949.
Mary often says that she (want) to be a doctor when she grows up.
The teacher said that the Earth (go) around the sun.
The doctor asked my sister if she (feel) better that day.
The father told his little son (not come) out until the rain had stopped.
三、完形填空
There are thousands of advertisements flying from television to radio to billboards and to the Internet. Which then is the most 1 ? There would only be few to be named. Some just flew without being noticed. Some stayed for good as good 2 . For businesses to get 3 , the use of the ad is one of the strategies (策略) to stand out. Whether the ad will succeed or not 4 how it is presented and how the consumer thinks it to be.
A good advertisement 5 the customers’ relationship with what is being advertised. To get the customers’
6 , the ad must make them think and look at the product in a new and different way. The best ads have the quality to change the 7 of the audience, whether to 8 them to choose a certain product or
9 switch to a different brand of shampoo. This gives 10 for the audience to be educated, opening their minds for possibilities to use new products and services. Advertising that 11 the audience can show the advantages of a new product.
12 changing the costumers’ relationship with the product, a good ad tells the consumers “why”. A good

ad is 13 in offering the message to the consumers.
An ad that sets a real scene gets more 14 than the ones that don’t. The audience easily identify (认同) themselves by 15 themselves in the same scene. By identifying themselves with it, they 16 these advantages and bene?ts that they may get from it. 17 some ads are unable to present the same kind, they must at least offer 18 solutions to meet the demands of the 19 audience.
The key point is that ads should promote sales, 20 it is a failure.
1
A. expensive
B. beautiful
C. interesting
D. effective
2
A. advertisements
B. memories
C. examples
D. hobbies
3
A. paid
B. respected
C. noticed
D. commented
4
A. depends on
B. ?nds out
C. takes up
D. brings back
5
A. lasts
B. protects
C. changes
D. attracts
6
A. value
B. affection
C. suggestion
D. right
7
A. mind
B. force
C. reason
D. number
8
A. order
B. force
C. see
D. persuade
9
A. slightly
B. simply
C. crazily
D. lately
10
A. money
B. time
C. actions
D. opportunities
11
A. educates
B. watches
C. loves
D. understands
12
A. To
B. For
C. Besides
D. Except
13
A. gradual
B. proud
C. patient
D. clear
14
A. audience
B. bene?ts
C. money
D. help
15
A. enjoying
B. watching
C. ?nding
D. putting
16
A. put off
B. take up
C. think about
D. turn down
17
A. But
B. So
C. And
D. While
18
A. unexpected
B. dif?cult
C. widespread
D. reasonable
19
A. target
B. old
C. young
D. strange
20
A. thus
B. however
C. otherwise
D. and
四、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项
Many marketers these days have changed their focus from offline marketing to online marketing. 1 Offline marketing strategies are generally more personal, and if you are more personal with people, they will feel like they know you and will be willing to buy your products or services.
2 Here are three of them that you should be using.
Business cards
One of the ?rst things you should do once you set up a business is to get business cards. 3 This is one of the necessary marketing devices you need. It should be simple, with no more than two fonts (字体) and your advertisement clearly placed. Your advertisement should be the main element on your business card.
Business cards are easy to hand out—just hand them out to people you meet at conferences, trade shows, restaurants, anywhere! If you provide a product or service a waiter might need, leave your card on the table with the tip. I have even heard of someone who leaves his business cards in bathroom stalls or on bathroom sinks.
Flyer advertising
4 You can make it at home or you can pay a printing company to do it for you.

You need to decide whether you want to use colour printing or black and white. Colour printing is more expensive, but the colours attract people to the flyers and you will have a better chance of bringing in more sales. When designing your flyer, keep it simple.
You can hand out your flyers to people on the street walking by; hang them up in supermarkets and other stores; or hang them in banks and community centres. Be sure to check the local ordinances (规定) so that you do not break any laws by hanging your flyers in community spots.
Vehicle advertising
This one is not quite as conventional (常见的) as the previous two, and this is precisely why it works. People do not expect it. If you travel in a city, you drive past thousands of people every day. If you are stuck in slow or stopped traf?c, people will want something interesting to look at. 5
They are relatively cheap to print and are easy to hand out.
But giving up offline opportunities is a big mistake.
You might as well be that something.
Several low-cost choices in offline advertising are effective and easy to put into practice.
Of course, an effective design is a key.
Online shopping becomes increasingly popular.
Flyers are extremely easy to create.
1 2 3 4 5
五、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Do you have any idea that smoking-related disease is the number one cause of death among smokers? 1 you’re thinking it’s lung cancer or emphysema (肺气肿), you’re wrong. While both of these smoking-related diseases do claim a lot of lives, it is heart disease 2 holds the top slot in the list of diseases that kill smokers.
Heart disease is the 3 (lead) cause of death in the United States today, also the main cause of death among smokers. And, on a global level, 4 (research) report that there were 1,690,000 deaths from heart disease among smokers in the year 2000. In contrast, there 5 (be) approximately 850,000 lung cancer deaths during the same year, and 118,000 emphysema deaths from smoking in 2001, worldwide.
Smoking is hard on the heart, but the fact is, tobacco use plays a role in a lot of diseases that ultimately lead to
6 (disable) or death. Cigarette smoke contains over 4,000 chemical compounds, 200 of which are
7 (know) to be poisonous, and upwards of 60 have been identi?ed as carcinogens (致癌物). Viewed in that light, it’s no wonder that the effects of smoking are so widespread and 8 (destroy).
Let’s take a look 9 how cigarette smoke harms our bodies, from head to toe. You may be 10 (surprise) at some of the ways in which smoking has a negative impact on our health.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10


一、根据首字母或中文提示完成下列句子
She b with the trader till he sold her the fruit cheaply.
It is not dif?cult to see that nowadays the Internet affects all a of our lives.
Mr Green does not believe that his son could d a computer program, does he?
The information at this website, published more than ten years ago, needs to be u .
The cause of the forest fire has not been d yet.
I once read a poem which greatly (使震惊) me.
You need to handle these (有毒的) chemicals with extra care.
(就本人而言), I prefer paintings, but I also like photography.
War and the AIDS virus have (使迅速增加) the millions of orphans in Africa and other parts of the developing world.
My parents promised to take me to the beach, with the added (额外好处) of an afternoon off school.
二、根据括号中所给中文提示完成下列句子
I (敦促他写一部关于??的小说) the life we lived together in the country.
He wishes to write an article that will (引起公众兴趣) on the matter.
He kept silent all the time at the meeting, but (当谈到比赛时), he became interested in it.
Please help me (算出??的成本) all the raw materials.
The plan seems quite simple to me, but I just can’t (把它讲清楚).
People, young and old alike, would (受益于新鲜的空气).
He (决心) become a ?lm star.
I don’t care (他会对这一消息作何反应).
三、阅读理解
Advertisers say that the world of advertising is very important, because it helps society run effectively. However, they go way too far in trying to sell their product. They use a language full of doublespeak (故弄玄虚的词语) to try and trick the consumer into thinking their product is the best on the market in order to sell their product and make money.
The use of doublespeak helps advertisers make their product seem as if it is a perfect product. In advertisements full of doublespeak, advertisers do not use de?nite ( 确 切 的 ) words. This makes the product have no de?nite levels of how good it works. In this way advertisers are able to show that their product has absolutely no flaws (瑕疵). Most advertisers try to make their product seem better than any other one on the market.
Let’s examine “acts fast”. When an advertiser describes the product with the phrase “acts fast”, he tries to show that the item will work faster than any other product. However, what exactly does that mean? Does the product run fast, cook fast, drive a car fast, or speak fast? It is not known exactly what the product does; however, people think that the product that “acts fast” is the best product for them.
Sometimes advertisers use the word “like” in an advertisement. This stops consumers from concentrating on the product, and exactly what it can make their life “like”. If an advertiser claims a certain tyre makes your car drive like it is floating, people start thinking about their car floating. Personally, I would rather drive a car that floats, and so would most

consumers. This makes the consumer want to buy this product, and once again the advertiser wins and the doublespeak helps sell the product.
“Remember, the ad is trying to get you to buy a product, so it will put the product in the best possible light, using any device, trick or means allowed without breaking laws,” some experts warn.
We can conclude from the underlined sentence that the writer of this passage the way advertisers sell their product.
does not approve of B. does not care
C. feels at a loss what to do with D. thinks highly of
In the second paragraph, the writer mainly tells us .
never to believe what advertisers say
the de?nite levels of a good product
no product has no flaws
what doublespeak is and how it works
From the passage, we know that .
the writer must have been cheated by some advertisements
some advertisements can be confusing or misleading
“acts fast” and “like” are doublespeak that should not be used in our daily life
only doublespeak can help sell products
The best title for this passage is most probably “ ”.
Don’t believe advertisements B. Doublespeak
C. The trick of advertising D. How to know false advertisements
The nation’s top public health physician, the Surgeon General, says second-hand smoking can lead to disease and
even death in a non-smoker.
Last month, a woman from Ontario, Canada, named Heather Crowe, a non-smoker, died of lung cancer. For years, she had worked as a waitress in smoke-?lled restaurants. Before her death, she ?lmed this statement. “I never smoked. But the air was blue where I worked and I am dying from second-hand smoke,” she said.
US Surgeon General Richard Carmona showed that ?lm to stress the key point in his new report on the dangers of environmental tobacco smoke. “There is no risk-free level of second-hand smoke exposure (接触). Only smoke-free environments effectively protect non-smokers from second-hand smoke exposure in indoor spaces,” he said.
Among the report’s major points are these: non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke increase their risk of developing heart disease and lung cancer by as much as 30 percent.
Surgeon General Richard Carmona says second-hand smoke also leads to immediate cell (细胞) changes that can
cause cancers.
The conclusions are not new. The increasing evidence has caused the World Health Organization to campaign against exposure to tobacco smoke for years. Its Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which went into effect last year, commits the 131 signing nations, including the United States, to adopt measures against it.
In addition, the WHO and the US government’s Environmental Protection Agency have joined forces to support a project protecting children from second-hand smoke in China, Vietnam, Poland, and Latvia.
The US Surgeon General’s report is based on the same scienti?c ?ndings that drive these efforts. Carmona says he issued it now to raise the awareness of US citizens. Government ?gures show that the percentage of Americans who smoke has dropped by half in the last 40 years to 21 percent, but 44 million continue to do so.

He makes an appeal to them. “Make your home a smoke-free environment even if you are struggling to quit and get help as quickly as you can,” he said.
What does the underlined sentence “the air was blue” most probably mean?
The blue air was everywhere. B. The smoke was very heavy.
C. The air was polluted by blue. D. The air was colored blue.
What can we infer from the passage?
The risk of second-hand smokers’ developing heart disease is 30% higher than that of smokers.
Ontario was a waitress who worked in smoke-?lled restaurants for many years before she died.
The Surgeon General is certain to suggest smokers shouldn’t smoke indoors and outdoors.
Still there are some people who don’t really realize second-hand smoke is very harmful.
With the efforts from all sides, .
only less than 22 million continue to smoke in the US
the number of the smokers in the US has decreased
second-hand smoke has been well controlled in Vietnam
132 nations have agreed to adopt measures against second-hand smoke
What does the passage mainly talk about?
The Surgeon General. B. A non-smoker’s death.
C. The harm of second-hand smoking. D. Help second-hand smokers can get.
In which column of a magazine can you most probably read this passage?
Public health. B. Entertainment. C. City life. D. News abroad.
四、书面表达
请根据以下要点写一篇议论文，阐明广告已成为当今社会的重要行业。词数100左右。
广告不仅能促销，还能给我们提供各种最新消息。
广播、电视及电脑使广告成为我们日常生活中的一个重要部分。
广告行业还提供了许多就业机会。

词汇点击
delighted
【原文】As a member of the International Olympic Committee, I am delighted to have been invited to your school to
talk to you about the history and signi?cance of the Olympic Games. (Page 22)
【解析】delighted为形容词，意为“愉快的，高兴的”，常用结构be delighted to do sth. 意为“为做某事感到高兴”，其中动词不定式的完成式强调动作已经完成；be delighted at sth. 意为“对某事感到高兴”；be delighted that ... 意为“对于??感到高兴”。如：
I was delighted to see my old friends again. 再次见到老朋友我感到很高兴。The team were delighted to have won such an important match.
队员对于赢了这么重要的一场比赛感到高兴。
The company is delighted at the public response to its advertisement.
看到公众对其广告做出的反应，公司很高兴。
I was delighted that you could stay. 你能留下来我很高兴。
【拓展】delight n. 高兴，愉快；令人高兴的事 vt. 使高兴，使愉快
delightful adj. 令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
【巩固】用delight的适当形式完成句子
With a smile, Susan began to share her adventures in Africa with us.
My mother takes in cooking and gardening.
I was to hear that they were going to visit us.
Key: (1) delightful (2) delight (3) delighted
signi?cance
【原文】As a member of the International Olympic Committee, I am delighted to have been invited to your school to
talk to you about the history and signi?cance of the Olympic Games. (Page 22)
【解析】signi?cance为名词，意为“重要性，意义”，相当于importance，常用短语be of signi?cance/importance
意为“重要，有意义”。如：
At that time few people realized the signi?cance/importance of his discovery.
当时几乎没有人认识到他的发现的重要性。
His theory was of great signi?cance/importance in the history of culture. 他的理论在文化史上具有重要意义。
【拓展】signi?cant adj. 有重大意义的，显著的
Please keep me informed if there are any signi?cant changes in the plan. 如计划有重大变化，请告知我。
compete
【原文】At the ancient Olympics, by tradition the athletes were all men and they had to compete wearing no clothes. (Page 22)
【解析】compete为不及物动词，意为“比赛；竞争”，常与不同的介词搭配使用：compete in意为“参加
（比赛）”；compete with/against意为“与??比赛；与??竞争”；compete for意为“争夺”。如：
Her dream was to compete in the Olympics. 她的梦想是参加奥运会。
We can’t compete with them in price. 我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。The two teams will compete for the championship. 这两个队要角逐冠军。
【拓展】competition n. 比赛；竞争competitor n. 参赛者；竞争者competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的

【巩固】用compete的适当形式完成句子
Ted is determined to win the (1) , no matter who his (2) are. To achieve this aim, he has been
training really hard for more than two months so that he would become more (3) .
Key: (1) competition (2) competitors (3) competitive
honour
【原文】Single women were allowed to take part in their own competition, at a separate festival in honour of Hera,
the wife of the Greek god Zeus. (Page 22)
【解析】honour可以作不可数名词，意为“尊敬；节操，正义感；荣誉”，常用结构in honour of意为“为向?? 表示敬意；为庆祝”。如：
A party was held in honour of the visiting scholar. 为欢迎访问学者而举办了一个聚会。The temple was built in honour of the victory. 为庆祝胜利他们建了一座庙宇。
My grandfather is a man of honour, and earns respect from people around him.
我祖父是个品德高尚的人，赢得了身边许多人的尊敬。
For the Italian team, winning the game was a matter of national honour.
对意大利队而言，赢得这场比赛是攸关国家荣誉的事。
honour作名词时也可表示“荣幸”，此时它只以单数形式出现，通常与不定冠词连用。如：
I felt it an honour to be asked to give a speech here. 被要求在这里发言，我感到荣幸。
此外，honour还可以作动词，意为“尊敬，尊重；给予表扬（或奖励、头衔等）”。如：
The young should honour the aged. 年轻人应该尊敬长者。
He was honoured in many ways for his contributions to his homeland. 他由于为祖国做出的贡献而得到了多种殊荣。
absence
【原文】At the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, the People’s Republic of China returned to the Olympics after 32 years’ absence. (Page 23)
【解析】absence意为“缺席，不在场；不存在”，常与介词from连用，短语in one’s absence意为“不在场；不存
在，缺乏”。如：
The boss was angry with him at his absence from work. 老板因为他缺勤而生他的气。This decision was made in his absence. 这一决定是他不在的时候做出的。
In the absence of witnesses, the police had great dif?culty solving the case. 由于缺乏证人，警方破案时困难重重。
【拓展】absent adj. 不在，缺席
Tom was absent from class for the whole week, which shocked the teacher.
汤姆缺课整整一星期，让老师大为震惊。
hang on
【原文】Yet, she hung on to win the gold medal in the ?nal match. (Page 23)
【解析】hang on在此处意为“（在逆境中）坚持”。如：
If you hang on, you will succeed in the end. 如果你坚持，最终会成功的。
此外，hang on还可以表示“不挂断（电话）”，而hang up意为“挂断（电话）”。如：
—Can I speak to Mary, please? 请问我可以和玛丽通话吗？
—Please hang on. Mary, there’s a call for you. 请稍等。玛丽，你的电话。
She hung up before I could say anything. 我什么都没来得及说她就把电话挂了。
attempt
【原文】These are some of the Olympic athletes who have brought joy to people across the world with their attempts
to push the boundaries of human achievement. (Page 23)
【解析】attempt可以作名词，意为“尝试，努力，试图”，后面常接动词不定式作定语，表示“??的企图”， 常用短语in an attempt to do sth. 意为“为了做某事”；make an/no attempt to do sth. 意为“企图做某事 / 没有做某事的企图”；at one’s/the ?rst attempt意为“第一次尝试”。如：
Her attempts to reunite with her father may be successful. 她与父亲重聚的尝试或许会成功。

Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs. 为了削减费用，两家工厂被关闭了。They made an/no attempt to escape. 他们企图逃跑 / 没有企图逃跑。
I passed the driving test at my/the ?rst attempt. 我第一次考驾照就通过了。
attempt也可以作动词，意为“试图，尝试”，常用短语attempt sth. 意为“尝试某事”；attempt to do sth. 意为“ 试图做某事，努力做某事”。如：
The prisoners attempted an escape but failed. 囚犯试图逃跑，但没有成功。
Don’t attempt to repair this machine yourself. 不要试图自己修理这台机器。
pass sth. on to sb.
【原文】Now he’s passing the torch on to Gao Min, who ?rst competed in the 1988 Olympics ... (Page 25)
【解析】pass sth. on to sb. 意为“将某物传给某人”，要注意其中on为副词。如：
Pass the book on to me when you’ve ?nished it. 当你看完这本书的时候，把它递给我。
【拓展】pass还常用于以下短语中：
pass away 亡故；消失 pass by 通过，经过
pass out 昏迷，失去知觉 pass over 避免提及（或考虑）
pass down 使世代相传，流传
【巩固】用pass的相关短语完成句子
The local villagers still observe this tradition, which has been from their ancestors.
I have your message to my boss.
He offered to do the shopping as he would the supermarket on his way home.
Key: (1) passed down (2) passed; on (3) pass by
routine
【原文】Daily routine (Page 35)
【解析】routine在此处为名词，意为“常规，正常顺序”，常用短语daily routine意为“日常工作，日常事务”； follow one’s routine意为“按照惯例行事，墨守成规”；break one’s routine意为“打破常规”；as a matter of routine 意为“定期地”。如：
Reading newspapers has become part of his daily routine. 看报纸已经成为他日常生活的一部分。
In order to succeed, sometimes you may need to break your routine. In other words, to follow your routine may be an obstacle to your success.
为了获得成功，有时你可能需要打破常规。换言之，墨守成规可能会成为你成功的一个障碍。
We clean and repair the machines as a matter of routine. 我们定期清洗和修理机器。
routine作名词时还可表示“生活乏味，无聊”，为不可数名词。如：
Many people go on holidays to have a break from routine. 许多人为了摆脱生活的乏味而去度假。
routine还可以作形容词，意为“常规的，日常的；平常的，毫不特别的；平淡的，乏味的”。如：
The fault was discovered during a routine check. 这个错误是在一次常规检查中发现的。She died of a heart attack during a routine operation. 她在一次普通手术中死于心脏病。This type of work rapidly becomes routine. 这种工作很快就会变得乏味无聊。
make way for
【原文】These sports were judged to have become less popular, and had to make way for new sports which are more
popular. (Page 38)
【解析】make way for意为“给??让路，让出位置”。如：
These old houses will be cleared to make way for a commercial building.
这些旧房子将被拆除，以腾出地方建造商业大楼。
【拓展】way还常用于以下短语中：
give way to 让步，退让；让??先行 ?nd one’s way to 设法到达 make one’s way to/towards 前往，到??地方去 ?ght one’s way 打出一条路 feel one’s way（在黑暗中）摸索着走

【巩固】根据中文提示完成句子
Recently, the manufacturing industry has （ 让 步 于 ）the information industry in this province.
Key: given way to
句型精析
Today, bot