Unit 3 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．He makes every effort to provide __accommodations__ (住所)for the abandoned animals.
2．We have a good working __relationship__ (关系)with the company.
3．Despite some difficulties，they’re not going to __abandon__ (放弃)the plan.
4．As he got into the room he p __aused__ for a moment because he heard a strange noise.
5．Her son d __ragged__ me to his study and showed me his piles of books proudly.
6．His yearly income is about 20,000 yuan.In other words，his a __nnual__ income is not high.
7．Sometimes I have an u __rge__ to set aside all the work and start travelling.
8．A bee stung Charlie.He let out a y __ell__ and ran away.
9．The river looks very deep.Do you know the d __epth__ of it?
10．He and I are the o __opposite__ of one another.
Ⅱ．选词填空
even though，come on，lead to，bring in，hold up，ahead of，aim at，sort out，help out，in the meantime
1．My grandfather still plays tennis now and then， __even though__ he’s in his nineties.
2．The news shocked the public， __leading to__ great concern about students’ safety at school.
3．My mother was ill.I’d like to __bring in__ Doctor Hall here and ask him his suggestions.
4．I think I will fall; thus I stand against the desk in order to __hold up__ myself.
5．Believe it or not, it doesn’t matter where I am, but I can arrive __ahead of__ you.
6．Poor though they are, they __helped__ us __out__ a lot during those difficult months.
7．My father asked me to __sort out__ the little plants and throw them away.
8．I knew I wouldn’t get my exam results for several weeks， __in the meantime__ I wasn’t sure what to do.
9． __Come on__ ! Let’s start as quickly as possible.Or we will be late again.
10．Jerry takes exercise every morning， __aiming at__ a weight loss of ten pounds.
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．We were fortunate enough to find the post office as soon as we got off the bus; it __was just opposite to__ the bus stop.
我们很幸运，一下公交车就找到了邮局，它就在公交车站的对面。
2．I don’t really work here; I __am just helping out__ until the new secretary arrives.
我并不是真在这儿工作，我只是在帮忙直到新秘书来。
3．I can’t thank him too much， __with the help of whom__ I have achieved my dream.
我十分感谢他，在他的帮助下我实现了自己的梦想。
4． __It was a time when__ many young people went to the countryside to get some training.
那是一个很多年轻人到农村去锻炼的时代。
5．I __was about to do__ an important piece of work __when__ my daughter came to interrupt me.
我正要做一件重要工作这时女儿过来打断了我。
Unit 3 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ．完形填空
My daughter Sidney and I were in a rented car heading from Los Angeles to the Grand Canyon.
Suddenly, a deer __1.B__ onto the road.I tried to stop the car __2.C__ I hit the deer.From the back seat I heard Sidney ask, “What happened？” Those were the first __3.A__ I had heard her saying during the __4.B__.
We went on our trip __5.A__ the end of Sidney’s winter break.We hadn’t gone on a(n) __6.D__ trip like this for over two years, and it would probably be our __7.D__ vacation together just father and daughter.We went on our last trip when Sidney was 9, and she __8.B__ mile after mile about school, movies and books.Now she was almost 12 and __9.A__ talked.
However, the effect __10.D__ her.Out of fright, she asked, “Are you more __11.C__ about the deer or the car？”“The deer，” I __12.C__ ,_realizing that I had refused the rental company insurance (保险)．If the car was still running well, and neither of us were __13.A__ ,_my thoughts were with the deer. __14.B__ ,_she went to sit in the front seat and began __15.D__ an eye out for deer and __16.A__ the horn (喇叭)for about 20 seconds.We also talked about a lot more than just little things.
I’d be __17.B__ if I said that the remainder of our time together was an ideal vacation.It cost a lot of money to __18.C__ the car, but Sidney spent much of the trip home with her hand __19.C__ on my shoulder.I’m glad that we went on that trip __20.A__.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者和女儿外出驾车旅行，通过路途中发生的一件小事，拉近了父女之间的关系。女儿开始变得喜欢和父亲交谈了。到底发生了什么事呢？
1．A．went B．jumped
C．walked D．got
解析：句中的suddenly暗示着小鹿突然出现在公路上，故只有jump能表示小鹿出现的意外。
2．A．and B．or
C．but D．so
解析：根据句中的“I tried to stop the car”可知作者不想碰着小鹿，但是却碰着了。
3．A．words B．questions
C．ideas D．problems
解析：女儿这句问话是父亲在路上听到女儿的第一句话。
4．A．talk B．journey
C．voyage D．day
解析：因为开车旅行，所以是journey。
5．A．at B．by
C．over D．in
解析：根据句中的时态went能看出只有at the end of...表示“过去的时间”。
6．A．sea B．air
C．water D．road
解析：这次是开车旅行，所以应该是在公路上旅行。
7．A．first B．common
C．ideal D．final
解析：下文的“just father and daughter”暗示着这次是只有父女之间的最后旅行。
8．A．kept silent B．talked on
C．slept on D．cried on
解析：由上文的“Those were the first __3__ I had heard her saying during the __4__.”和下文的“Now she was almost 12 and __9__ talked。”可以看出女儿在两个时间段的变化。小时候女儿是喜欢说话的。
9．A．hardly B．always
C．never D．gladly
解析：作者的女儿9岁的时候很喜欢说话，但到了12岁却几乎不说话。由下文也可知，是碰上这只小鹿后父女俩才开始交谈，也可推出这里选A。
10．A．moved B．surprised
C．puzzled D．changed
解析：路上所遇到这件事令女儿发生了变化——女儿开始和父亲聊天了。
11．A．sure B．thinking
C．worried D．anxious
解析：因为汽车与小鹿相碰，所以女儿应该是问父亲：是担心鹿还是车呢？
12．A．added B．talked
C．replied D．said
解析：父亲回答女儿的问话，故用replied。
13．A．hurt B．wounded
C．harmed D．damaged
解析：hurt表示“受伤”。
14．A．However B．Suddenly
C．Otherwise D．Instead
解析：女儿一直在后座上坐着，这时女儿为了按喇叭突然坐到前面座位上。
15．A．taking B．offering
C．having D．keeping
解析：keep an eye out for sb./sth.表示 “留心看某人或某物”。
16．A．pressed B．pushed
C．pulled D．pointed
解析：press the horn“按汽车喇叭”。
17．A．laying B．lying
C．laid D．lay
解析：由下文内容可知，此处指如果“我”说剩余的时间是理想的假期，“我”是在撒谎。
18．A．buy B．have
C．fix D．suit
解析：前面提到了汽车和小鹿发生了碰撞，因此这里指修车。
19．A．fastened B．tied
C．resting D．putting
解析：作者在这里用rest on my shoulder表示因为这件事拉近了父女二人的关系。rest on“停留在”，即女儿把手放在父亲的肩膀上。
20．A．together B．separately
C．happily D．sadly
解析：句中的glad已经表明了作者很高兴，所以排除C，作者很感激这次和女儿一起旅行。
Ⅱ．阅读理解
A
Space World in the south-western Japanese city of Kitakyushu has had to close their winter attraction after it froze around 5,000 fish into an ice link(溜冰场)．
The park, which is described as a “theme park all about space”， launched their “Frozen Port” exhibition in an attempt to educate people about marine life as they skated over it. The Aquarium of Ice tempted people to visit by promising a world-first (possibly for a reason)experience of “gliding across the sea”while looking down on fish, crabs, stingrays and a whale shark.
But it seems they got a little out of their depth. Despite reported popularity since it’s opening in November, the park received impassioned criticism on social media.
It could be to put down in part to the caption(说明文字)they used when sharing some pictures: “I am d．..d...drowning, s．..s...suffocating.”
In response, one commenter said the park was “disrespectful to life”， while another said it was displaying an “appalling lack of morality”．Still others urged the company to go out of business.
Asked if the theme park thought the “drowning” caption had any issues, an official replied, “Another employee wrote that hoping people would find it funny.But I do feel that not enough caution was taken. I apologize.”
According to management, the fish were already dead when they bought them, sourced from markets and chosen because they were unable to be sold.
Space World has decided to close the event and is considering holding an“appropriate religious service” once they have melted the rink, which could take over a week.Manager Toshimi Takeda said they have proposed to hold a memorial service for the fish who worked hard for them and then reuse them as fertilizer.
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。日本的一家主题公园把大约5 000条鱼冻在冰面下，让滑冰者一边滑冰一边体验海洋生活，但是这样的举动被广大媒体抨击。
1．What’s the purpose of “Frozen Port” exhibition？ __B__
A．To encourage people to skate.
B．To educate people about sea life.
C．To make skating more enjoyable.
D．To look after sea animals.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，这家公园开展“Frozen Port”这项活动是为了让人们了解海洋生物。
2．What does the underlined sentence probably mean？ __C__
A．The water is not deep enough for the fish.
B．The exhibition is well received on social media.
C．People’s response is out of their expectation.
D．The program is not the first one in the world.
解析：推理判断题。根据下文可知，虽然这项活动受到了一些人的欢迎，但是有很多的人和媒体责备这样的行为，这肯定是他们在举办这项活动之初没有想到的，由此推测，人们对这件事的反应超出了他们的预料。
3．How did Toshimi Takeda feel about the “drowning” caption？ __A__
A．He felt sorry for the result.
B．He took it as humor.
C．He blamed himself for carelessness.
D．He was cautious about it.
解析：推理判断题。根据第六段可知，负责这项活动的官员认为自己考虑不周，为此感到抱歉，而Toshimi Takeda是这里的经理，肯定是持同样的态度，故选A。
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph？ __D__
A．The fish will be set free.
B．The theme park will be closed.
C．The fish should have been used as fertilizer.
D．The fish will be honored in a proper way.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Toshimi Takeda提议为这些鱼举办追悼会。
B
Nicola MacFarlane,41，and her daughter Lucy，four, from Portobello, near Edinburgh, were playing on the Portobello Beach when they came across an old glass bottle sticking out of the sand containing a note inside written in Chinese.
It is unclear when the letter was sent off, but it was written on Chinese Valentine’s Day, or Qixi Festival as it is more traditionally known, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.
Whether the message has traveled thousands of miles from China or whether it was penned by a love-struck pair much closer to home may remain a mystery.But for Nicola it doesn’t matter— she is still excited to read about the Chinese love story after having it translated.She said, “I really do hope that it is from China but even if it is from someone nearer to home, it’s still a lovely gesture and an inspiring find.It’s a love story regardless of where it came from.”
“We saw the bottle sticking out of the sand and just thought it was junk that someone had left behind.But after picking it up I noticed there was a piece of brown paper rolled up inside and there was some foreign writing on it.We quite excitedly took it home, carefully opened the bottle and took out the sheet of paper using some tweezers (镊子)．We knew it was Chinese, but we had no idea what it said.”
Unable to read the Chinese text, Nicola turned to the Internet and her Australian friend, Julie Gould, whose daughter attended a Chinese school in Sydney. Several hours later Julie returned with the news that it was in fact a love letter.
Nicola said, “It sounds to me like the couple are in love but cannot be together so they have sent the message to tell the world of their love.I’m blown away by it to be honest—it’s incredible that it has traveled all this way.”
文章大意：Nicola和4岁的女儿在英国爱丁堡附近海滩发现了一个藏在沙子里的玻璃瓶，瓶子里装有一封用中文写的情书，它可能从中国漂流而来，真是太不可思议了。
5．According to the passage, we can know that __A__.
A．the letter was written on Qixi Festival
B．the letter was mailed on Chinese Valentine’s Day
C．the bottle has traveled a long distance from China
D．the bottle was thrown into the sea near Edinburgh
解析：细节理解题。从第二段中的“it was written on Chinese Valentine’s Day，or Qixi Festival as it is more traditionally known”可知A项正确。
6．Nicola thought the bottle was thrown into the sea because __C__.
A．the sender wanted to find a true lover through the letter
B．the sender expected to find a partner who liked Chinese
C．a couple couldn’t stay together and showed their love in this way
D．a couple fell in love with each other and wished their love to last forever
解析：细节理解题。从最后一段“It sounds to me like the couple are in love but cannot be together so they have sent the message to tell the world of their love”可知，这是一对相爱的情侣，由于不能在一起，所以他们通过漂流瓶来告诉全世界他们的爱。
7．The underlined phrase “blown away” in the last paragraph probably means “ __D__ ”．
A．depressed B．frightened
C．embarrassed D．impressed
解析：词义猜测题。从最后一段“it’s incredible that it has traveled all this way”可知，它一路漂流而来，真是太不可思议了，blown away应与incredible(难以置信的)有相近的意思，根据选项，D项impressed(印象深刻的，感动的)的意思与之最接近。
8．Which of the following words can best describe Nicola’s feelings about the letter？ __A__
A．Curious and excited. B．Cautious and excited.
C．Doubtful and delighted. D．Curious and dissatisfied.
解析：推理判断题。根据全文可知，Nicola捡到漂流瓶后，由于好奇，兴奋地把它带回家，然后求助了她的澳大利亚朋友翻译信件内容。由此可知A项正确。
Ⅲ．语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese teahouses are the traditional ancient cafes of the east for getting together and chatting with friends and generally __1.passing__ (pass)the time.The teahouse has become a place for people to not only drink tea and relax, __2.but(also)__ experience Chinese culture, hold social activities, host private parties and conduct business __3.negotiations__ (negotiate)．
The teahouse recreates the character of old Beijing, __4.which__ makes it a must for foreigners，who, from around the world, come to China __5.to appreciate__ (appreciate)Beijing Opera, drama and other Beijing folk art, as well as drink tea.Jasmine tea is the favorite of many old Beijingers, who love __6.its__ (it) pure, clear taste and strong fragrance.It’s __7.definitely__ (definite)on the menu at the Lao She Teahouse.
Dawan tea is just as famous __8.as__ the long-spouted (长壶嘴的)teapot.The Chinese name means “inexpensive tea in a big tea bowl” and it is another old Beijing teahouse specialty.It __9.is said__ (say)that the founder of Lao She Teahouse started his business by serving Dawan tea for just two __10.cents__ (cent)each.And today it’s the only teahouse still serving Dawan tea at such a low price，though there’s no profit in it.
文章大意：中国茶楼是传统的东方咖啡馆，是会友聊天、路过歇息的场地。而老北京“茶馆”除了喝茶，还是欣赏京剧及其他民间艺术的地方。“大碗茶”则是老北京茶楼的另一种特产，它以廉价著称。
解析：
1．考查动名词。and是并列连词，它连接前后两个相同的语法成分，getting together，chatting with friends，generally passing the time都作介词for的并列宾语。
2．考查固定搭配。not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”，是固定搭配，主要用于连接两个对等的成分，其中also可以省略，此处连接的是动词不定式短语。
3．考查名词。conduct是动词，后接名词作宾语，动词negotiate的名词是negotiation，且是可数名词，“生意谈判”不止一次，故用复数形式。
4．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词character在从句中作主语，故用关系词which。
5．考查动词不定式。此处动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语。
6．考查代词。taste和fragrance都是名词，用形容词性物主代词作定语。
7．考查副词。on the menu是介词短语，用副词修饰，形容词definite的副词是definitely。
8．考查固定搭配。as...as意为“和……一样”，表示同级之间的比较，使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。其基本结构为：as＋adj./adv.＋as，此处后一个连词as省略了。
9．考查固定搭配。It is said that...是特殊句型，意为“据说……”it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。
10．考查名词复数。cent是可数名词，其前有数词two修饰，故用复数形式。
课件112张PPT。Unit 3 Under the seaSection Ⅰ Warming-up，Pre-reading,
Reading & Comprehending 自 主 预 习witness shore opposite pause flee drag abandon
8．annual(adj.)每年的；按年度计算的(n.)年刊；年鉴→ ____________ (adv.)一年一次地
9．accommodation(n.)住所；住宿→ _______________ (vt.)为……提供住宿
10．depth(n.)深(度)；深处→ ________ (adj.)深切的；深的→ __________ (vt.)加深
11．urge(vt.)催促；极力主张；驱策→ __________ (adj.)紧急的；急迫的
annually accommodate deep deepen urgent Ⅱ．短语互译
1．在……开始时 ____________________
2．听说 _________________
3．整理 __________________
4．在……前面 ___________
5．race after ________
6．in the meantime ______________________
7．hold(...) up ________
8．help(...) out ______________________________ at the beginning of
hear of/about
sort out
ahead of
追赶
在此期间；与此同时
举起
帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难 寻规巧记词
Ⅲ．课文理解
First 略读主旨
The text is mainly about _____.
A．the killer whales are easily trained
B．the killer whales can help the whalers catch the huge whales
C．the killer whales kill the whales for their food
D．the killer whales drag the whales under the water
B Second 品读细节
1．The author compared the killers to _____.
A．wolves B．tigers
C．dogs D．lions
2．The killers worked as a team because _____.
A．they worked together to hunt the whale
B．they threw themselves on top of the whale’s blow-hole
C．they were stopping the whale fleeing out to sea
D．they stopped the whale from breathingC A
3．The whalers returned home without the whale’s body because _____.
A．it was too heavy to carry
B．they didn’t catch the whale
C．it wouldn’t float up to the surface for around 24 hours
D．the killers ate it up
C
4．Old Tom helped James by _____.
A．hugging him in the water
B．keeping the shark away from James
C．holding up James in the water
D．seizing him by the arm
5．The relationship between Old Tom and the whalers is _____.
A．friendly B．cruel
C．serious D．tenseB A
Third 精读语篇
The story was about 1. _______ the killers helped whalers catch the huge whales. And 2. ______ was when the writer was working at the whaling stations 3. ________ he witnessed it with his own eyes.
how it that
Old Tom,4. ______ of the killers often led George，the writer and other whalers to the spot，where 5. ______ pack of six or seven killers 6. ________________ (attack) a whale.While some were throwing themselves on top of the whale’s blow-hole to stop it 7. _____________ (breathe)，others are stopping it fleeing out to sea. And finally，when the whaler killed the whale with a harpoon，they dragged the dead whale down into the depths of the sea and ate up 8. _______ lips and tongue. After 24 hours，they brought it to the surface，waiting for the whalers to bring in the body.
one a were attacking breathing its
It was astonishing to know Old Tom and other killers never harmed or attacked people; instead，they helped and saved them 9. ________ they were in trouble.For example，when James was once washed off the boat and struggled in the water，it was Old Tom that held him 10. ______ in the water until we got the boat back to James.when up Fourth 研读难句
1．There was one day when we were out...
句式：...day/time when...定语从句
仿写：那是一个人人自危的时期。
_____________________________________________
2．I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.
句式：be terrified of being done“害怕被……”
仿写：我害怕被单独留下。
_________________________________________ It was a time when every one felt uneasy. I am terrified of being left alone. 合 作 探 究①The early 21st century witnessed increasing unemployment in the world.
21世纪初期见证了世界性增长的失业率。
②He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room.
他作证说他看到那个人进入了房间。
③Taierzhuang，in Shandong province，has been witnessed to a heroic spirit and has been called a “live canal” by the World Tourism Organization.
山东省的台儿庄见证了英雄精神，被世界旅游组织誉为“活着的运河”。重 点 词 汇1．witness vt.当场见到；目击 n．目击者；证人；证据 (1)witness sth.目击某事的发生
witness to sth./doing sth.作证，证明某事/做某事
(2)a witness to sth.某事的证人
bear/give witness to sth.为某事作证；证明单句语法填空
①His good health is ______ witness to the success of the treatment.
②(浙江高考题改编)Italy,which has a much weaker tradition of immigration， _________________ (witness)a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.
③The success of the show bears witness ______ our good planning.a has witnessed to ①The hotel provides accommodation for up to 100 people.
这家旅馆最多可为100人提供住宿。
②The building plans include much needed new office accommodation.
建筑规划包括紧缺的新办公用房。2．accommodation n．住所；住宿；办公处(1)book accommodation at a hotel向旅馆预订房间
make/offer/provide accommodation(s) for为……提供食宿arrange sb.’s accommodation给某人安排住处
(2)accommodate vt.为(某人)提供住宿；容纳
accommodate to适应
This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.
这家旅馆可供500位旅客住宿。
温馨提示：在英式英语中，accommodation为不可数名词；而在美式英语中，accommodation为可数名词，常用复数形式。单句语法填空
①(2019·黑龙江哈尔滨期中)After the earthquake,the first thing the local government did was to provide ______________________ (accommodate)for the homeless families.
②Her eyes took a while to accommodate ______ the darkness.
补全句子
③The host family will _____________________________(为……提供膳宿)the exchange students.
④Wherever he goes，he can easily __________________ (适应)the new circumstances.accommodation(s) to make accommodation for accommodate to ①The bank is opposite the supermarket.
银行在超市的对面。
②I watched them leave and then drove off in the opposite direction.
我目送他们离去，然后开车向相反的方向驶去。
③Hot and cold are opposites.
热和冷是对立面。3．opposite prep.在……的对面；与……相反 adj.相对的；相反的
n．对立的人/物；对立面；反面be opposite to与……相反；在……对面
oppose vt.反对；对抗
opposition n．反对；对抗；敌手
opposed adj.反对的；对抗的
She tried calming him down but it seemed to be having the opposite effect.
她试着让他平静下来，却似乎火上浇油了。完成句子
①我要迟到了，因为我坐错了公共汽车，它正带我朝着相反的方向走去。
I was going to be late,as I had taken a wrong bus that was taking me ______ the ____________ direction.
②(浙江高考改编)要对与那些描述完全相反的人有耐心。
Be ___________ to the people who are the complete ____________ of that description.in opposite patient opposite
③我就在纽约医院对面的一盏灯处停下，这时我看见一个穿着讲究的人冲下医院楼梯。
I had stopped at a light just ____________ New York Hospital ________ I spied a well-dressed man dashing down the hospital steps.opposite when ①She yelled at her naughty child.
她对淘气的孩子大喊大叫。
②The boss is always yelling orders at his employees.
这个老板总是对员工发号施令。
③The crowd let out a yell of excitement.
人群发出一阵兴奋的叫喊声。4．yell vi.大叫；呼喊 n．叫声；喊声yell at冲……大喊
yell out大声喊叫
let out/give a yell大喊一声
yell for help大声呼救
yell with fury(pain，delight)发怒(痛得，乐得)大叫
yell out an oath破口咒骂
yell a warning高声警告
yell the team to victory用喊声鼓励队员取胜
yell one’s head off大声叫喊用适当的介词、副词填空
①How can you yell ______ an old man like that?
②You don’t have to yell _______ ；I can hear you.
用yell的适当形式补全句子
③She ________________ (大喊一声) when she saw a snake.
④ __________________ (不用朝我大喊大叫)．I can hear you.at out let out a yell Don’t yell at me ①Without pause/pausing the woman spoke for an hour.
那位妇女一刻不停地讲了一小时。
②After the boy paused for a while，he continued running.
男孩稍停了停，然后继续跑。
③After a short pause for some water，they continued to walk ahead.
稍微停了停喝了点水之后，他们继续朝前走。5．pause vi/n.暂停；中止pause/stop/quit完成句子
①慢跑者们暂停下来以便喘口气。
The joggers ____________ catch their breath.
②朗读时，要在句号处停顿一下。
While you read， ______________ where there is a full stop.
③雨还在不停地下着。
It’s raining _________________________.paused to make a pause without pausing/pause They are heading home，hand in hand.
他们手拉着手正朝家里走去。 6．head vi.朝……方向移动；出发；动身；驶往……(1)head for向(某处)行进
head out离去；启程
(2)head n．头；头脑；智力；理解力
bury one’s head in the sand逃避现实
keep one’s head保持镇定
have one’s head in the clouds想入非非；做白日梦
①They are heading for New York with confidence.
他们满怀信心地朝纽约的方向进发。
②I have a long way to go before dark so I’m going to head out.
天黑前我还有很远的路要走，我得上路了。
③It is useless to have your head in the clouds all day long.
整天做白日梦是没用的。
④She was able to keep her head in the crisis.
她在这次危机中保持了清醒的头脑。
⑤If there is a war，you cannot bury your head in the sand.
如果有了战争，你不能逃避现实。完成句子
①你最好改变对目前局势的态度，因为逃避现实是不明智的。
You’d better change your attitudes towards the present situation，because it is not wise to _________________________.
单句语法填空
②The tall woman ___________ (head)straight for the teaching building，is an excellent English teacher popular with our school students.bury your head in the sand heading
解析：句意：那个径直朝教学大楼走去的高个子女人是一位出色的英语老师，她深受我校学生的喜爱。本题既考查head用法，又考查非谓语动词在句中作后置定语。分析句法可看出，woman和head之间是主动关系，所以应该用动词-ing形式作定语。①Throw your arms out in front of you as you dive.
跳水时手臂迅速前伸。
②If you can’t see the bottom，jump in，don’t dive.
如果水深不见底，跳进去时脚先落水，不要俯冲下水。
③The goalkeeper made a spectacular dive to save the goal.
守门员做了一个精彩的鱼跃动作救回一球。7．dive vi.& n．跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲dive from/off从……跳
dive into跳入……中；迅速向下进入
diving board跳板
diving suit潜水衣
diver n．潜水员；跳水者
The diver wearing his diving suit dived from the divingboard into the water.
这位跳水者身穿潜水衣从跳板上跳入水中。单句语法填空
①He _________ (dive)into the doorway so he wouldn’t be seen.
完成句子
②I ____________________ (跳进湖里)to help my father catch fish.
③When the shots sounded,we made ___________________(匆匆躲进)the nearest doorway.
④He _________________________ (正要跳水) when he saw the shark.dived dived into the lake a dive for was just about to dive ①The enemy troops fled in utter confusion.
敌军狼狈逃窜。
②He fled to London after an argument with his family.
他同家人争吵后离家去了伦敦。
③He fled his native village to join the Red Army.
他(当年)逃离家乡加入了红军。8．flee vi.逃避；逃跑 vt.逃离flee from逃离某地
flee to/into逃到……
During the civil war，thousands of people fled from the country.
在内战期间，许多人逃离这个国家。flee/escape/run awayThe enemy soldiers were fleeing in all directions，but few of them could escape.
敌兵四处逃窜，但几乎没有人能逃脱。单句语法填空
① ______________ (flee)his motherland for political reasons,he missed his family very much.
②He was forced __________ (flee)Canada for Cuba.
完成句子
③听到枪声，这些鸟四散而逃。
Hearing the fire，the birds _______________________.Having fled to flee fled in all directions ①The girl in low spirits dragged a big box to the station.
那个情绪低落的女孩拖着大箱子朝车站走去。
②The man dragged his tired feet home.
这个男人拖着沉重的步子回家。9．drag vt.拖；拉；扯drag on拖得太久
drag oneself out of bed硬撑着从床上爬起来
drag sb.into doing sth.硬拉某人做某事
You’d better not drag him into climbing the mountain.
你最好别硬拉他去爬山。
drag/pull/draw选词填空
①(2019·江苏卷改编)He arrived at school early in the morning， __________ (pushing/dragging)his heavy instrument case across the campus.
单句语法填空
②Once she starts playing a video game,she can’t drag ___________ (her)away from it.
③He hated parties; we had to drag him into _________ (go)．
④When we are waiting for someone，the hours dragged ______.dragging herself going on ①She could hear him urging her on as she ran past him.
她跑过他面前时，听到他在为她加油。
②He urged his horse forward.
他策马前行。
③I had a sudden urge to hit him.
我突然很想揍他一顿。10．urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策 n．强烈的欲望；冲动urge sb.to do sth.力劝某人干某事
urge sth.on sb.向某人强调某事
urge sb.into doing sth.催促/力劝某人做某事
urge sb.on鼓励/激励某人，为某人加油
have an urge to do/for sth.有做某事的强烈愿望
urgent adj.紧迫的，紧急的
urgency n．紧迫，紧急①Brown urged me to reconsider my decision.
布朗极力主张我重新考虑我的决定。
②I urged that she (should) read the report carefully.
我催促她仔细看看这份报告。
③It is urged that we (should) take measures to protect the environment.
有人主张我们应该采取措施保护环境。
提示：urge作“极力主张，敦促，催促”解时，其后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语形式为“(should＋)动词原形”。单句语法填空
①He urged ______ his pupils the importance of hard work.
②He urged us _____________ (collect)money for those who are in urgent need of food and clothes.
完成句子
③Father urged that I _______________________ to my English teacher.
父亲极力主张我应向我的英语老师道歉。
④I had an urge _____________________ at that time.
当时我有打他的脸的强烈欲望。on to collect (should)apologize to hit him in the face ①Parents who abandon their babies should be punished.
抛弃孩子的父母应该受罚。
②The men abandoned themselves to drinking alcohol when they were in sorrow.
男人们悲伤的时候，他们就沉湎于饮酒。11．abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃；沉迷abandon oneself to沉溺于/纵情于……
abandon one’s hope/plan/idea放弃希望/计划/主意
abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
with abandon放任地；放纵地；纵情地
abandoned adj.无约束的；放任的；被遗弃的
①He abandoned himself to despair for some reason.
他因某种原因陷入了绝望。
②They abandoned their lands to the invading forces.
他们放弃土地，让侵略者占领。abandon/quit/desert/give up/leave①The guard was punished for deserting his post.
卫兵因擅离职守而受到处罚。
②You cannot quit smoking too soon.
你越早戒烟越好。单句语法填空
①The game had to _______________ (abandon)due to bad weather.
②Nowadays，some people are spending their time ________ abandon.
③The poor cat was found _____________ (abandon)by its owner.
④We shouldn’t abandon _____________ (our)to pleasures.
⑤Finally，we ended up in an _____________ (abandon)village.be abandoned with abandoned ourselves abandoned
完成句子
⑥那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。
Those who _______________________ despair can’t succeed.
⑦他无所顾忌地乱开支票。
He signed cheques _______________.
abandon themselves to with abandon ①The author had a good relationship with that editor.
该作者与那位编辑之间的关系很融洽。
②I’m not sure of the exact relationship between them—I think they are cousins.
我不太清楚他们之间的确切关系——我觉得他们是表亲。12．relationship n．关系；血缘关系；交往relative adj.相对的，相比较而言的 n．亲戚；亲属
relate vt.使有联系；把……联系起来
related adj.有关的；有亲戚关系的
relation n．关系，联系；亲戚，亲属翻译句子
①The relationship between them is being improved.
____________________________
②In view of our long-standing relationship，we agree to allow you a discount.
______________________________________________ 他们之间的关系正在改善。 考虑到我们长期的关系，我方同意给你方折扣。 ①I was just sorting out the papers that can be thrown away when the telephone rang.
我正在整理可以扔掉的文件，就在这时电话铃响了。
②It is difficult to sort out the lies from the truth.
谎言和实话难以区分。
③We have got a few little problems to sort out.
我们有几个小问题要解决。重 点 短 语1．sort out整理；分类；解决(问题和困难)sort sth./sb./oneself out妥善处理某事/某人(或自己)
sort sth.into sth.整理；把……分类
all sorts of各种各样的
a sort of一种
sort of有几分地
①Let’s leave that pair to sort themselves out.
让那一对(夫妇)自行解决吧。
②There are all sorts of jobs you could do.
有各种各样的工作你可以做。完成句子
①It took them one hour ________________ the papers placed on the desk.
他们花了一个小时整理桌子上的文件。
②They did it under __________________________ names.
他们以各种各样的名义干这种事。
③I had ___________ feeling that he wouldn’t come.
我隐约觉得他不会来。to sort out all sorts/kinds/types of a sort of
单句改错
④It is difficult to sort for the green beans from the red ones,because there are too many of them.
______________for改为out ①The ambulance got there in time to save the patient’s life.
救护车及时到达那儿挽救了病人的生命。
②She came running all the way in time for the meeting.
她一路跑着来及时赶上了会议。2．in time to do sth./in time for sth.及时做某事in time及时；最后；终于；终有一天
for some time一段时间
all the time始终；一直
in no time立刻；马上
at no time绝不；在任何时候都不
on time按时；准时
for the time being暂时；暂且
at one time曾经；一度；同时
at times有时候
at a time一次；每次
The letter I was searching for was in my pocket all the time.
我到处寻找的那封信其实一直就在我的口袋里。写出下面句子中in time的含义
①Andy knew he could not reach the house in time.( ________ )
②You’ll succeed in time because you are always working hard.( ________ )
③Working hard made him successful in time.( ________ )
完成句子
④他绝不向困难低头。
____________ will he give in to the difficulties.及时 迟早 终于 At no time ①Come on! A lot of work remains to be done.
快点吧，还有许多工作要做呢！
②Oh，come on—you know that isn’t true.
咳，得了吧，你知道那不是真的！
③The project is coming on fine.
这项工程进展顺利。3．come on“来！快！得啦！加油！”表示劝说、激励、不耐烦等语气Cme along！快来！/赶快！/加把劲！
come across偶然发现/遇到
come about发生
Come again.请再说一遍。/你说什么来着？
How come...？……怎么回事？/ ……怎么发生的？/怎样解释……？
when it comes to (doing) sth.当涉及(做)某事时
come out出版单句语法填空
①I don’t know how the accident came _________ that day.
②I came __________ the old photo in the drawer last night.
③Could you tell me when his new book will come _______ ?about across out ①She led us to the manager’s office.
她把我们领进经理的办公室。
②What he did led us to believe he was capable.
他所做的使我们相信他是有能力的。
4．lead sb.to...领着某人到…… lead sb.to do sth.致使某人做某事
lead to通向；导致 lead a...life过着……的生活
③All roads lead to Rome.
条条大路通罗马。
④The misprint led to great confusion.
这个印刷错误导致了极大的混淆。
⑤He leads a peaceful life in the country.
他在农村过着平静的生活。常见表示“导致”的表达方式有result in,contribute to,lead to,bring about, cause.
①His laziness brought about his failure in the exam.
他的懒惰导致他考试不及格。
②Her determination and hard work contributed to her great success in her career.
她的决心和努力使得她事业有成。
③A burning cigarette end caused the fire.
一个燃烧着的烟头引发了这起火灾。完成句子
①Questioning can lead to _____________ for an answer.
质疑可以导致寻找答案。
②In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them ______________ speaking English in an interesting way.
在课堂上我会把学生分成小组，用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。
③He decided to ______________________ after the unusual experience.
在这次不平常的经历过后，他决定过一种新的生活。searching to practise lead/live a new life ①When he aimed(his gun)at the target，he was trembling with fear.
当他(用枪)瞄准目标时，他吓得浑身发抖。
②The product is aimed at the children market.
这种产品瞄准儿童市场。
③The visit is aimed at improving the relations between the two countries.
此次访问旨在改善两国关系。5．aim at瞄准；对准；目的在于aim n．目标；对准；瞄准
achieve one’s aim达到目的/实现目标
miss one’s aim未击中目标
without aim漫无目的地
aim to do目的是……
aimless adj.无目的的
aimlessly adv.无目的地①When she is down，she is always walking along the street without aim.
当她情绪低落的时候，她总是漫无目的地在街上走。
②Only in this way can you achieve your aim.
只有这样，你才能实现你的目标。补全句子
①He was so nervous that he _______________________(未击中目标)．
②It is quite wise to __________ (瞄准)the women market.
③Determination is the key to _____________________________(达到目的)．
④The man _________ his harpoon ______ (对准)the big fish.
⑤I ____________ (目的是)a policeman when I leave school.
⑥What I said _____________________ (不是针对)you.
单句语法填空
⑦This activity aims at _____________ (improve)students’ ability of listening and speaking.missed his aim aim at achieving one’s aim aimed at aim to be was not aimed at improving ①The conference will begin in an hour; in the meantime，let’s have a coffee.
会议一小时后开始；在此期间，我们喝杯咖啡吧。
②The next programme starts in five minutes.In the meantime，here’s some music.
下一个节目五分钟后开始，现在先播放些音乐。6．in the meantime在此期间；与此同时in the meantime＝in the meanwhile＝meanwhile＝meantime在此期间；与此同时
at the same time同时
I went to college.Meanwhile，many of my friends got well-paid jobs.
我去上大学了。那时我很多朋友都找到了收入不错的工作。
单句语法填空
①It will be ______ big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ______ the meanwhile，I’ll set the table.
单句改错
②Jim went to answer the phone.However,Harry started to prepare lunch.
__________________________________
完成句子
③你去买水果，在此期间我来做早餐。
You buy the fruits,and _________________ I’ll cook breakfast.a In However改为Meantime或Meanwhile in the meantime ①Jane helped him out of his financial difficulties.
简帮他摆脱了财务困难。
②Whenever she heard someone had trouble，she would go to help out.
每当听到有人有困难，她就去帮助解决。7．help(...) out帮助(某人)摆脱困难或危难help sb.with sth.帮助某人某事
help oneself to随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)
can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事
can’t help do sth.不能帮忙做某事
with the help of在……的帮助下，借助补全句子
①My friends __________________(帮助我摆脱困境)when I lost my job.
②Please __________________ (随便吃)some fish.
③Hearing the news that her mother was seriously ill,she ___________________ (忍不住哭了)．
④She gave up smoking _________________ (在……的帮助下)her family and friends.helped me out help yourself to couldn’t help crying with the help of 本句中when引导定语从句，先行词为time；该定语从句中又包含as引导的定语从句和that引导的定语从句。此处 a time表示“一段时间”，若引导词在从句中作状语，则应用关系副词when或“介词at/during＋which”引导定语从句；若引导词在从句中作宾语，则一般用which或that引导定语从句。如：经 典 句 式1．It was a time when the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
当时被人们称作“杀手”的“虎鲸”帮助捕鲸人在须鲸每年洄游的季节将它们捕获。①To begin/start with，the day was fine，but after a time it began to rain.
开始时，天气很好。但不久就开始下雨了。
②There was a time when(during which)we had no radios，no telephones and no TV sets.
曾经有一段时间我们没有收音机，没有电话，也没有电视机。
提示：表示时间或地点的名词后跟定语从句时，若引导词在从句中作状语，则用when/where或“相应的介词＋which”；若引导词在从句中作宾语，则用which或that。如：
Do you still remember the time which/that we spent together on the farm?
你还记得我们一块儿在农场度过的那段时间吗？单句语法填空
①We should reduce the time _______________ we spend on the Internet and find more time to communicate with others.
解析：本题定语从句中的谓语动词spend为及物动词，其后缺少宾语，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，故用关系代词which/that。
②Little Tom has been looking forward to the big day ________ he can show his talent at school.
解析：此处含有一个定语从句，先行词是the big day，关系词在从句中作状语，故用when引导定语从句。which/that when 本句为主从复合句，主句是I heard a loud noise coming from the bay; as在句中引导时间状语从句。句中现在分词短语coming from the bay作宾补。现在分词(短语)作宾补时一般表示主动及动作正在进行，且作宾补的现在分词(短语)常用在see，hear，find，notice，watch，feel，smell等感官动词和keep，have，get等使役动词后。如：2．On the afternoon I arrived at the station，as I was sorting out my accommodation，I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.
有天下午我来到捕鲸站，正在找住处的时候，听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。①I found him smoking in the room.
我发现他在屋子里抽烟。
②I felt the plane shaking.
我感到飞机在摇晃。单句语法填空
①I often see my child ______ (do)his homework carefully.
②I saw some students ___________ (play)football on the playground when I came back.
③I heard him ____________ (arrest)by the police for selling drugs.
④After a knock at the door，the child heard his mother’s voice ___________ (call)him.do playing arrested calling 本句是一个复合句，that announced there...hunt是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the call，从句中使用了be about to do结构，表示将来。3．This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.
这是宣告猎鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。“be about to do sth.”结构表示即将发生的动作，通常不与具体的时间状语连用。与when连用时，表示“即将做某事，这时候……”之意。
①We are about to start off.
我们就要出发了。
②He was just about to stand up when the teacher came in.
他正要站起来，这时老师进来了。
英语中表示将来时的情况：
(1)“be going to＋动词原形”，用来表示打算、计划或安排要做的事情，或在说话时已有迹象预示会在将来发生的事情。
(2)“will/shall＋动词原形”，用来表示说话时认为或预测会在将来发生的动作或存在的状态。will用于各种人称；shall只用于第一人称。
(3)按计划或安排即将发生的动作可以用现在进行时来表示，这些动作往往都与移动、方向、启动等有关。如：come，go，arrive，leave，move，fly等。
(4)在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作常用一般现在时。
(5)“be to＋动词原形”表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，或可能、一定会发生某种情况。单句语法填空
①Social robots are about ___________ (bring)technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way.
②I was about to give up ________ my father came and encouraged me to keep going.
单句改错
③The old man was about to leave the room while someone knocked at the door.
_________________ to bring when while改为when (1)and连接两个并列分句。
第一个分句属于“It takes/took some time to do sth.”句型，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。
第二个并列分句为复合句，when引导时间状语从句。4．It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James，and when we approached him，I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom.
我们花了半个多小时才把船掉过头来，回到詹姆斯落水的地方。当我们靠近他的时候，我看到老汤姆正在水中稳稳地托着詹姆斯。
①It only takes me thirty minutes to walk from here to the station.
我从这儿步行到车站仅需30分钟。
②It was raining when I got up this morning.
我今天早上起床的时候天正在下雨。(2)本句中approach是及物动词，表示“接近，靠近”，approach作“接近，靠近”解时还可用作不及物动词。approach作及物动词时，还可表示“对付，着手处理”。approach亦可作名词，意为“接近，道路，方法”，常与介词to连用。如：
①As you approach the town，the first building you see is the church.
当你接近那座城镇时，你首先看到的建筑物就是教堂。
②An experienced worker will know how to approach the problem correctly.
一位有经验的工人知道如何正确处理这个问题。
③She took the wrong approach in her dealing with them.
她用错误的手段与他们打交道。
(3)本句中hold up意为“举起，支撑”。此外，hold up还可表示“阻碍，延误”。如：
①If you know the answer，hold up your hands，please.
如果你知道答案，请举手。
②We were held up for five minutes in a traffic jam.
交通堵塞耽误了我们五分钟时间。hold back抑制；控制；阻挡，拦阻
hold out伸出；维持
hold on坚持住，挺住；(电话)不挂断，等一下单句语法填空
①He has been temporarily blind and it took him several days _________ (see) fully.
② ______ took me some time to digest what I had heard.
③If you have any questions,please hold ______ your hands.
④When he approached,she held _______ her hand to him.
⑤At the meeting,they discussed three different approaches ______ the study of mathematics.to see It up out to
单句改错
⑥They came up with several approaches to solve the problem,but some were not practical.
____________________solve改为solving 句中that引导的是同位语从句，作evidence的同位语。一个名词或代词后面有时可以跟一个名词(或起类似作用的其他东西)，对前者做进一步解释，说明它指的是谁，是什么等，叫作同位语。名词作同位语的情况最多。如果作同位语的是一个句子，我们称之为同位语从句。
5．What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out?
有什么证据能说明老汤姆帮助捕鲸者摆脱险境？①The fact that he won first prize can’t be denied.
他取得第一名的事实不容否认。
②In spite of the fact that he is over sixty，he is still full of spirit.
尽管他已经60多岁了，但仍精力充沛。
③Have you heard the news that the new school will be built in the countryside?
你听说过这所新学校将要建在农村的消息吗？温馨提示：
(1)同位语从句常用that引导，与news，fact，hope，idea，suggestion，promise，thought，doubt，belief，truth，request，proposal，demand等名词连用，构成“the news(fact...)that＋句子”结构。
(2)名词demand，proposal，suggestion等后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”或只用动词原形。如：
①The suggestion that another bridge (should)be built over Songhua River will be discussed tomorrow.
在松花江上再建造一座桥的建议将在明天的会议上被讨论。
②The manager refused the demand that the workers (should)be paid more.
工人要求加薪的请求被经理拒绝了。单句语法填空
①(高考真题改编·天津)The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.
②I have no question ________ he will come.that that
