Unit 3 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Her sad looks __reflected__ (反映)the thought passing through her mind.
2．If you were __aware__ (知道的)of all that, you would change your mind.
3．Her dress was a __vivid__ (鲜艳的)color.
4．Her __neat__ (整洁的)dress shows her taste.
5．Everything was meaningful and __awesome__ (令人敬畏的)．
6．They use their tongues to __suck__ (吮吸)in the green food.
7．He scraped at the wound with a __sharp__ (锋利的)blade of stone.
8．All of us had a __tasty__ (美味的)meal yesterday.
9．His threats __scared__ (恐吓)them out of carrying out the plan.
10．I inched my way through the __narrow__ (狭窄的)space between the cars.
Ⅱ．选词填空
be aware of, be scared to death, for a moment，upside down, be trapped in, wake up, be fond of, get close to, in danger of，watch for
1．The police turned the whole house __upside down__ looking for clues.
2．I __was scared to death__ when I saw someone walking slowly towards me in the dark.
3．You’ll __be aware of__ the mistakes you’ve made sooner or later.
4．Some travelers __are__ still __trapped in__ the heavy snow, though some are reported to have been rescued by the police.
5．They were so tired that they did not __wake up__ until the next morning.
6．We should not __get close to__ the dangerous wild animals.
7．It’s human nature for parents to __be fond of__ their children.
8．Pupils are warned not to stay close to the walls, for they are __in danger of__ collapse.
9．Teachers will also __watch for__ cheating by text message during the coming exam.
10．Lean your head out __for a moment__ and see if it’s raining.
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．I didn’t __wake up__ (醒来)until I heard the alarm clock.
2．The general ordered the fleet to remain where they were and __wait for__ (等待)the further instructions.
3．You must __be aware of__ (知道)the fact that he is poor.
4．It’s cold outside. __Stop him from going out__ (阻止他外出)．
5．Britain’s university system __is in danger of__ (处于危险之中)falling apart at the seams.
6．If you turn your pocket __upside down__ (上下翻转)，the money will fall out.
7．His face was white and he looked __scared to death__ (吓得要死)．
8．The insect __is trapped in__ (被困在)the spider’s web.
9．There is __a ban on__ (……的禁令)parking before the gate of school.
10．The building __is shaped like__ (形状像……)a huge bird nest.
Unit 3 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
The Coral Sea is home to an amazing variety of turtles，sharks, whales, dolphins, large fish, birds, corals, plants, and many other species.Many of these species are endangered elsewhere in the world, but still survive in the healthy environment of the Coral Sea.
The Coral Sea is a large series of coral reefs located off the northeast coast of Australia.This area is three times larger than Australia’s famous Great Barrier Reef, which the Coral Sea borders.
The Coral Sea is one of the few coral reef environments that have remained largely undamaged by overfishing, oil and gas exploration and pollution.However, statistics show that coral reefs around the world are disappearing five times faster than rainforests.It is very likely that in the near future the Coral Sea will face the same threats to its existence.
The Australian government is currently looking at options for protecting the Coral Sea but has made no decisions.Environmentalists are pushing for laws to declare the Coral Sea area a marine protected area.This would mean a large “no-take zone” for fishermen, a no-exploration zone for gas and oil companies and a no-dump zone for pollution.This would make the Coral Sea a marine park larger than any in the world.
We can write letters to Australian leaders, Australian environmental protection agencies, and Australian friends，to let them know that people worldwide support this protection of the Coral Sea.To lose this last great marine wildness would be a loss for the whole world.
For more information，CLICK here please.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于澳大利亚东北海岸的珊瑚海，它面临着即将消失的威胁。澳大利亚政府正在寻找方案，希望能保护这个伟大的野生海洋世界。
1．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage？ __B__
A．To teach people how to protect the Coral Sea.
B．To call for the public awareness to protect the Coral Sea.
C．To show the amazing features of the Coral Sea.
D．To explain the fun_ction of the Coral Sea.
解析：考查写作意图。根据倒数第二段可知，该文旨在提高公众保护珊瑚海的意识。故选B。
2．What is the most important reason for protecting the Coral Sea？ __A__
A．The Coral Sea, home to many species, will disappear soon.
B．The Coral Sea is rich in oil and gas.
C．The Coral Sea is three times larger than Great Barrier Reef.
D．The Coral Sea will be a marine park larger than any in the world.
解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句及第三段的最后两句可知，拥有许多物种的珊瑚海很快会消失，因此它需要保护。故选A。
3．You can most probably read this passage __B__.
A．in a guidebook B．on a website
C．in a science textbook D．on a TV show
解析：考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段“For more information.CLICK here please”可知，要获得更多的信息，请点击这里。因此可以在网上读到该文。 故选B。
4．Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage？ __D__
A．The reason for protecting the Coral Sea.
B．The way to protect the Coral Sea.
C．The location of the Coral Sea.
D．The money-raising for saving the Coral Sea.
解析：考查细节理解。保护珊瑚海的原因、方案及珊瑚海的位置文中均有提及，但没有提到为拯救珊瑚海筹集资金。故选D。
B
It may not be quite old enough to be the world’s oldest living organism—that “honor” goes to the bristlecone pine (狐尾松)tree (aged 5,000 years)—but, at 4,000 years of age, Leiopathes glaberrima, a deep-water coral species，does set the record for being the oldest animal living under the sea.
Located on the floor of the Pacific Ocean, off Hawaii，the 3 meters tall, (extremely)long-lived “black coral” could have some valuable clues about past incidents of climate change; specifically, it could better scientists’understanding of how oceans draw down carbon dioxide and of ocean acidification (酸性)in general.Brendan Roark of Texas A&M University, who led a research expedition in 2006 to study the corals’ climate records, presented his findings at the recent AAAS meeting.
How long they can live is anybody’s guess, Roark told Science’s Erik Stokstad.He and his colleagues used radiocarbon dating to determine the coral’s age.What this suggests, he said, is that the harvesting of deep-water coral for jewelry should be completely banned; because the corals grow at such an anemic (贫血的)rate, any level of harvesting would likely wipe out the remaining species—those not yet affected by ocean acidification.
Roark believes it could be possible to reconstruct records of subsurface (地下的)temperature variability and ocean circulation changes, which would provide some insight on climate change incidents and help predict future effects.By comparison, that ocean quahog clam (圆蛤)we mentioned a while back—aged 405 years—seems almost sprightly (活泼的)．
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋寿星—Leiopathes glaberrima。这个深海珊瑚礁种类在水下已经生活了4 000多年。研究它对我们研究海洋气候、酸性等的变化意义非凡。科学家也提出了保护海洋珊瑚类的建议。
5．What is the best title of the passage？ __B__
A．The world’s oldest living organism
B．Oldest animal under the sea
C．How to protect the corals grow
D．A great discovery
解析：标题判断题。全文围绕海洋的寿星展开，因此标题定为“海洋最古老的动物”最合适。
6．What does the underlined word “clue” in the second paragraph mean？ __A__
A．Evidence. B．Treasure.
C．Worth. D．Usage.
解析：词义猜测题。联系第二段可知，Leiopathes glaberrima的发现对于研究海洋提供了有力的clue，根据上下文及常识，clue与evidence意义最接近。故选A。
7．What’s the value of the finding of the Leiopathes glaberrima？ __B__
A．It shows which is the oldest in the ocean.
B．It helps the scientists get more information about the ocean.
C．It shows why the weather changes so much.
D．It helps the scientists know how to live longer.
解析：推理判断题。整个第二段讲述了Leiopathes glaberrima发现的意义，因此可以得出答案为B。
8．Why should the harvesting of deep-water coral for jewelry be completely banned？ __C__
A．Because the jewelry has little value.
B．Because the jewelry is hard to harvest.
C．Because harvesting for the jewelry does great harm to deep-water coral.
D．Because it is very dangerous.
解析：推理判断题。从第三段尾句中的“because the corals grow at such an anemic(贫血的)rate，any level of harvesting would likely wipe out the remaining species”可知，珊瑚的生长是非常缓慢的，稍微地破坏就会导致物种的灭绝。
Ⅱ．短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限1词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·河北衡水模考)
Challenges of life remind me of my days in senior high school which I joined in the military training.It was the first time that I have lived far away from my home, so I found difficult to fit in.And the trained officer was strict with me. I once think I could not stick to the end. And anyway，I succeeded.The trials made it much easy for me to adapt to life，and the difficulty I came across have now all become a precious memory in my life. In a short, I have learned to regard the challenges of life like a stepping stone to future success.
答案：
Challenges of life remind me of my days in senior high school I joined in the military training.It was the first time that I lived far away from my home, so I found difficult to fit in.And the officer was strict with me. I once
I could not stick to the end. anyway，I succeeded.The trials made it much for me to adapt to life，and the I came across have now all become a precious memory in my life. In a short, I have learned to regard the challenges of life a stepping stone to future success.
解析：
1．考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处定语从句修饰先行词my days，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，故应用when引导该定语从句。
2．考查时态。在“It＋be＋序数词＋time＋that从句”句型中，be动词用is时，从句用现在完成时；be动词用was时，从句用过去完成时。根据语境和句中的was可知，此处从句应用过去完成时。
3．此处为“动词＋形式宾语it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”结构，形式宾语it不可省略。
4．考查非谓语动词。过去分词作定语时，表示被动或动作已完成；v-ing作定语时，表示主动、正在进行的动作或表示某种功能或用途，如a walking stick。此处officer与train之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，且这个officer就是训练大家的，故用v-ing作定语。training officer在此意为“教官”。
5．考查时态。once表示“曾经”，和一般过去时连用。
6．考查连词。作者以为自己不能坚持到最后，但是，不管怎么说，作者成功了，前后两部分之间为转折关系，故应用But。
7．考查形容词的比较级。这样的训练让作者适应生活容易得多了。结合语境和much修饰比较级可知，此处easy应用比较级形式。
8．考查名词的数。difficulty，在此表示各种各样的困难，为可数名词，故应用复数形式。
9．考查冠词。in short为固定搭配，意为“简而言之”，中间没有冠词。
10．考查介词。like意为“像”，as意为“作为”。“regard…as...”为固定搭配，意为“把……看作……”。故把like改为as。
Ⅲ．书面表达
假定你是李华，你上周日搭乘102路公交车，发现该车司机的不文明行为让乘客很愤怒。于是你向公交公司写一封投诉信，要点如下：
1．写信目的；
2．司机的不文明行为(至少两点)及乘客的反应；
3．你的希望或建议。
注意：1.词数：100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am writing to complain about a bus driver’s improper and rude behaviors.
Last Sunday, when I was taking a No.102 bus, the driver not only kept on talking with a man loudly but also drove very fast. Some passengers advised him to concentrate on driving, but he didn’t pay any attention.What’s worse, he drove even faster.Then many passengers couldn’t bear it, asking the driver to keep the passengers’ safety in mind. However, the driver stopped the bus suddenly so that all the passengers lost their balance.
I sincerely hope you take proper measures to prevent such an incident happening again.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
课件80张PPT。Unit 3 Under the seaSection Ⅲ Using Language自 主 预 习Ⅰ．单词速记
1． __________ (n.)目标；靶；受批评对象
2．___________ (vi.)思考
(vt.)映射；反射；思考
______________ (n.)映射；反射；思考
3． _________ (adj.)生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的
___________ (adv.)生动地；鲜明地
4． _________ (adj.)锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的
___________ (v.)使锐利/锋利target
reflect
reflection
vivid
vividly
sharp
sharpen
5． _________ (adj.)好吃的；可口的
_________ (n.)口味
(v.)尝起来；品尝
6． ___________ (adj.)浅的；肤浅的；浅显的
7． ____________ (n.)界限；分界线
8． ___________ (adj.)使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的
tasty
taste
shallow
boundary
awesome Ⅱ．短语互译
1．处于……的危险中 ____________________
2．被困于 _______________________
3．一条……的禁令 ________________
4．考虑 _____________
5．be/become aware of ________________________________
6．be shaped like __________
7．upside down ____________
8．get close to ________
9．stop sb.from doing sth. __________________
10．(be) scared to death ____________in danger of...
be trapped/caught in
a ban on...
reflect on
对……知道、明白；意识到……
形状像
上下翻转
靠近
阻止某人做某事
吓得要死
Ⅲ．课文理解
First 略读主旨
In the diary，the author mainly wants to tell us _____.
A．what he saw in the sea
B．how the fish eat in the sea
C．the vivid colours in the sea
D．all the plants in the sea are poisonous
A
Second 品读细节
1．What was hanging upside down in the sea according to the text？ ______
A．The orange and white fish.
B．The yellow-spotted red sea-slug.
C．The yellow and green parrotfish.
D．The large wise-looking turtle.
C
2．When the author saw two ______ ，he felt scared to death.
A．anemone fish B．parrotfish
C．sea-slugs D．reef sharks
3．How many kinds of creatures didn’t the author want to get too close to according to the fourth paragraph？ ______
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
D B
4．From the whole text we know that the author felt that _____.
A．he was a tiny spot compared with the sea world
B．the ocean was a tiny spot compared with the whole world
C．there was no danger in the sea except sharks
D．all kinds of fish were waiting for something for food
A
Third 精读语篇
I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and 1. ______________ (reflect)on the day.I went 2. _______________ (snorkel)on the reef offshore and saw extraordinary beauty.reflecting snorkelling
The first thing I 3. __________ (become)aware of was all the vivid colours 4. _______________ (surround)me.The fish didn’t seem to mind 5. ______ (I)swimming among them.6. ______ seemed that there was a surprise 7. ___________ (wait)for me. A large turtle was so close to me 8. ________ I could have touched it.But there were other creatures I didn’t want to get too close to.I was nearly 9. __________ (scare)to death by the sharks which suddenly appeared from behind some coral.The water was quite shallow but 10. _________ the reef ended，there was a steep drop.What a tiny spot I was in this enormous world!
became surrounding my It waiting that scared where Fourth 研读难句
1．The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended，there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.
句式：where...，there be...“在……地方有……”。
仿写：哪里有水，哪里就有生命。
___________________________________________
2．Write down how they have been used.
句式：……及物动词＋疑问词引导的宾语从句。
仿写：他不知道爸爸怎么去的医院。
________________________________________________ Where there is water，there is life. He didn’t know how his father went to the hospital. 合 作 探 究①After reflecting for a time on the problem，he decided not to go.
仔细考虑这问题后，他决定不去了。
②The monster’s awful face was reflected in the mirror.
怪物可怕的脸映照在镜子中。
③He reflected on his past mistakes.
他反省了过去的错误。
④Technology’s impact on the past decade was reflected in the list.
技术对过去十年的影响也在榜单中得到了体现。重 点 词 汇1．reflect vi.思考 vt.映射；反射；思考reflect on/upon思考；反省
reflect sth.from sth.反射
reflection n．反映；影像；思考
I reflected on possible reasons for my failure.
我仔细考虑导致我失败的原因。单句语法填空
①Jacqueline’s views and beliefs were _____________ (reflect)in the books she edited.
②She was lost in ______________ (reflect)on seeing a moving scene in the movie.reflected reflection
③When he started,he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils， ______________ (reflect)their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression.
④(2019·江苏卷34改编)A city is the product of the human hand and mind， ______________ (reflect)man’s intelligence and creativity.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。reflecting reflecting ①The children were aware of the harm of taking drugs.
孩子们意识到了吸毒的危害性。
②Most people are aware of the dangers of drunk-driving.
大多数人知道酒后开车的危险。
③I don’t think you’re aware of how important this means to me.
我想你还不知道这对我有多重要。2．aware adj.意识到的；知道的be/become aware of对……知道、明白；意识到
be aware that/wh-clause察觉到；意识到
as far as I’m aware据我所知
develop an awareness of逐渐懂得
lack of awareness缺乏认识
make sb.aware that...提醒某人注意……
make sb.aware of...使某人注意到……单句语法填空
①Parents should be aware ______ the fact that children who are raised on a diet of soap operas and online games seldom，if ever,participate ______ a variety of activities.
②With the level of haze (霾)rising greatly,many people work to raise public _____________ (aware)of environmental protection.
③ ___________ (aware) of the harm of computer games,many teenagers like playing them.of in awareness Unaware
完成句子
④据我所知，这个公司目前的工作职位很少。
___________________ ，very few jobs are available in the company at the present time.
⑤我们开始意识到光污染的危害。
We are __________________________ the damage of light pollution.
As far as I am aware becoming aware of ①He gave a vivid description of this event as if he were there.
他生动地描述了这个事件，好像他当时在场。
②She was wearing a vivid green dress for the party.
她身穿鲜绿色的连衣裙来参加晚会。3．vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的vivid memory/recollection清晰的记忆
a vivid description/account生动描述
a vivid imagination丰富的想象力
vividly adj.生动地；鲜明地
This battle was vividly recorded in the article.
本文生动地记载了这次战役。单句语法填空
①He tells stories very ___________ (vivid)and holds his audience’s attention.
补全句子
②He ______________________________ (做了生动的描述)his life as a pilot.
③I’m not surprised that he became a writer.Even as a child he ____________________________ (有活跃的想象力)．vividly gave a vivid account of had a vivid imagination ①There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall.
床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。
②He moves in a narrow circle of friends.
他生活在狭小的朋友圈子里。
③She was elected by a narrow majority.
她以微弱的多数票当选。
4．narrow adj.狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的；勉强的，刚刚好的④The river narrows at this point.
河流在这个地方变窄了。
⑤In the bright sunlight she had to narrow her eyes.
在明亮的阳光下，她不得不眯起眼睛。narrow vt.& vi.使窄小；变窄；缩小
narrowly adv.仅仅；勉强地；严密地
a narrow escape九死一生
a narrow victory险胜
in a narrow sense在狭义上
narrow majority微弱多数
by a narrow margin相差不多地
narrow down缩小(范围等)
narrow-minded adj.气量小的；小心眼的He narrowly escaped drowning.
他差一点儿淹死。
Watch that fellow narrowly.
注意看着那家伙。单句语法填空
①We are working to narrow ________ the list of the possible suspects.
②Three teenagers ____________ (narrow)escaped death in the crash.
补全句子
③(天津高考改编)Parents and children should communicate more to _______________________(缩小代沟)between them so that they can understand each other better.
④Last year I had _________________ (死里逃生)from a car crash,and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.down narrowly narrow the gap a narrow escape
①The knife isn’t sharp enough to cut meat.
这把刀不够锋利，切不动肉。
②The old man has sharp eyes.
这位老人有敏锐的眼睛。
③Be careful of the sharp bend in the road.
小心路上的急转弯。5．sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的；急剧的sharp adv. ……整
sharpen v．(使)变锋利；削尖
sharpener n．削尖用的器具
be sharp at对……灵敏单句语法填空
①Prices have risen ___________ (sharp)in the last few months.
②My mother used a special stone to ___________ (sharp)knives.
变式训练
③The car turned sharply across the road.
＝The car _________________________ across the road.sharply sharpen made a sharp turn ①You scared me by coming in so quietly.
你这么悄悄地进来吓了我一跳。
②He scares easily，so he is more a girl than a boy.
他动不动就害怕，因此他更像个女孩。
③You did give me a scare.
你真吓了我一跳。6．scare vt.恐吓；使害怕vi.害怕；使惊吓 n．恐慌，恐惧；惊恐scare sb.to death把某人吓得要死
scare sb.away/off把某人吓跑
scare sb.into/out of sth.(doing sth.)吓得某人做/不敢做某事
scared adj.惊恐的，恐惧的
be scared of doing sth.害怕做某事
be scared to do sth.害怕做某事
scare sb.to do sth.使某人害怕去做某事
scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的
温馨提示：scare to death中介词to表示到达某种结果。如：
starve to death饿死
beat sb.to death打死某人
sentence sb.to death判某人死刑
be tired to death累极了
be bored to death烦透了
work oneself to death积劳而死①She tore the letter to pieces.
她把那封信撕得粉碎。
②The train slowed to a stop.
火车减速停车。
用scare的适当形式填空
①Tony turned around and found his parents were missing.He was __________ and began to cry.
②The _________ scene where the accident happened made him __________ to death.
scared scary scared
一句多译
这个孩子太害怕了，不敢独自待在黑暗的屋子里。
③The child _______________________ in the dark room alone.(too...to...)
④The child ____________________ he dared not stay in the dark room alone.(so ...that..)
⑤ ______________________________ he dared not stay in the dark room alone.(倒装句)was too scared to stay was so scared that So scared was the child that ①You’re holding the book upside down.
你把书拿颠倒了。
②The house was turned upside down by the burglars.
那屋子被窃贼翻得乱七八糟。重 点 短 语upside down上下翻转；颠倒③You’ve hung that picture upside down!
你把那幅画挂颠倒了！
④In the Spring Festival，Chinese people would like to hang the character fu upside down.
春节期间，中国人喜欢将“福”字倒过来挂。
turn...upside down把……弄得乱七八糟；把……翻过来
inside out里外颠倒完成句子
①Don’t pretend to be reading.Look! You are holding your English book ______________ (颠倒).
②He left in such a hurry that he wore his sweatshirt ____________________(里面朝外)．
③The man ___________________________________ (把这所房子翻得乱七八糟)to look for clues.upside down inside out turned the house upside down 本句中with a cold drink in my hand是with复合结构，在此做伴随状语；句中and连接两个并列谓语。with复合结构可在句中作状语和定语，其具体形式如下：经 典 句 式1．I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day—a day of pure magic!
我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一杯冷饮，回忆着当天的事情——这是神奇的一天！with＋n./pron.＋形容词/副词
with＋n./pron.＋分词
with＋n./pron.＋不定式
with＋n./pron.＋介词短语
with＋n./pron.＋名词
①He went to sleep with the windows open.
开着窗户，他去睡觉了。
②She died with her son yet a baby.
她去世了，儿子还在襁褓中。单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷32改编)China’s image is improving steadily,with more countries _______________ (recognize)its role in international affairs.
解析：考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with ＋ 名词 ＋ 现在分词结构，故填 recognizing。recognizing
完成句子
②With so much homework _______ ,she will spare no time to attend the party.
有那么多的作业要做，她抽不出时间去参加聚会。
③With the guide ________________________,we had no difficulty in finding the village.
有向导引路，我们毫不费劲地找到了那个村庄。
④With the work ________ ,they went back home.
工作做完了，他们回家了。
to do leading the way done 多个形容词作定语修饰同一名词的顺序为：限定词＋数词＋描绘性形容词＋表示大小、长短、高低等的形容词＋新旧＋颜色＋国籍＋材料＋用途＋被修饰的名词。可巧记为：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。2．I especially loved the little orange and white fish that hid in the waving long thin seaweed.
我特别喜欢那些橘黄和白色相间的小鱼，它们藏在波动着、细长的海藻里。①She bought a skirt with some beautiful little red flowers.
她买了一条带有一些美丽小红花的裙子。
②He was the designer who designed the first beautiful little white Chinese wood bridge.
他是设计中国第一座美丽的白色小木桥的设计师。完成句子
①This _______________________ girl is Linda’s cousin.
这个漂亮的西班牙小姑娘是琳达的表妹。
②I have ___________________ books，so I can give this one to you.
我还有三本英语书，因此我可以把这本给你。
③ _________________________________ students are required to take part in the boat race.
需要10个年轻力壮的中国学生参加划船比赛。pretty little Spanish another 3 English Ten strong young Chinese (1)独立主格结构each about one and a half metres long在此做状语。独立主格结构的常见形式有：3．Then there were two grey reef sharks，each about one and a half metres long，which suddenly appeared from behind some coral.
然后还有两条灰色的珊瑚鲨，每条大约有1.5米长，突然从珊瑚礁后面游了出来。
名词/代词＋形容词
名词/代词＋副词
名词/代词＋名词
名词/代词＋介词短语
名词/代词＋分词
名词/代词＋不定式
①The old man sat in the sofa，his face serious.
老人坐在沙发上，面容严肃。
②He came in，a dictionary in his hand.
他走了进来，手里拿着一本词典。
③The thief caught，they felt relieved.
小偷抓住了，他们感到放心了。
(2)from behind是双重介词。双重介词一般由两个介词搭配而成，其常见的构成方式如下：
①from＋其他介词。如：
a．The moon appeared from behind the clouds.
月亮从云后面露了出来。
b．A rat ran from under the bed.
一只老鼠从床底下跑了出来。
②except＋其他介词。except后常接at，by，from，in，on，to等介词。如：
a．Except for the few who have failed their examinations，all the students in the hall are in very high spirits.
大厅里，除了几个考试不及格的学生外，其他学生的情绪极佳。
b．I searched everywhere except in the bedroom.
除了卧室我到处都找了。
c．He rarely went anywhere except to his office.
除了办公室他很少去其他地方。
③till/until＋其他介词。till/until后常接介词after。如：
a．I hardly ever go to bed till after twelve.
我12点以后才睡觉。
b．Up until last summer we always went to the beach for our vacation.
去年夏天以前，我们总是去海边度假。单句语法填空
①The party will be held in the garden,weather ______________ (permit)．
②Much time _________ (spend)sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
③(2019·江苏泰州期中)Tom looked at Jenny,tears ___________ (fill)his eyes,and shouted out the words __________ (hide)in his heart for years.
permitting spent filling hidden
完成句子
④像中国的春节一样，美国的感恩节是家人从全国各地团聚在一起的节日。
Thanksgiving Day in the U．S.A．，like Spring Festival in China，brings families back together ______________ the country.
⑤猴子突然从树后出现，露西吓得尖叫起来。
The monkey suddenly emerged ______________ the tree，frightening Lucy into screaming.from across from behind 并列连词— —地点状语从句4．The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended，there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.
海水很浅，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。(2)where引导地点状语从句，意为“在……的地方”。
①Where the temple once stood there is now a car park.
过去寺庙所在的地方现在成了停车场。
②Where there is a will，there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。单句语法填空
① _________ he once felt like giving up，he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.
②Half an hour later，Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi _________ the bus had dropped her.
Where where 单句改错
③When you read the book,you’d better make a mark in where you have any questions.
__________
④Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon,or wherever it is convenient for you.
________________________
⑤Actually,the London Olympic Park is built in where used to be a poor area called East London.
_________________去掉in wherever改为whenever where改为what 写 作 探 究本单元的写作任务是写一封投诉信。投诉信是人们在现代生活中应用最为广泛的书信形式。现代生活中当人们对商品或服务不满时，我们有权投诉。写投诉信时要客气，但语气要坚定；另外要证明责任确实在商家；最后要明确问题出在哪儿及你的具体要求，还可加上由此而给你带来的不便或伤害，以加强投诉信的说服力。如何写投诉信
Ⅰ．注意事项
在表达自己的抱怨和不满情绪时要客观说明存在的问题并切中问题的要害，让对方认识到自己“怨之有理”而不是“无事生非”或“无理取闹”。在表达看法时要有礼有节，语气柔和。
Ⅱ．常用句型
(1)It is a great pity that we found there’s something wrong with...
令人非常遗憾的是我们发现……有问题。
(2)Would you please let me know whether or not you can...as soon as possible?
你们是否可以告知我能不能尽快……
(3)I hope that my problem will get your kind consideration.
我希望您能考虑一下我的问题。
(4)I am sure there are technical or man-made errors involved.
我确信出现了技术或人为的错误。
(5)I hope you can make an investigation into this matter as soon as possible.
我希望你们能尽快调查此事。
(6)I hope I can get my refund as soon as possible.
我希望能尽快收到退款。
(7)I am writing to make a complaint about...
我写信是为了投诉……(8)If it is not properly settled，I would ask you to give my money back，or I would complain to the concerned authorities.
如果此事不能妥善解决，我将要求退还支付款项，或者向有关部门投诉。
(9)One annoying aspect of your service is...
你们的服务项目中一个令人不满的地方是……
(10)I have been pleased with your services for years，but now I feel very disappointed.
多年来我一直很满意你们的服务，但现在我非常失望。
(11)I would like to draw your attention to the problem/fault...
我想让您知道这个问题/错误……
(12)I am writing to inform you that I found...unsatisfactory.
我写信是为了告诉你，我发现……令人非常不满意。
(13)I wish to express my dissatisfaction/disappointment about...
我想表达我对……的不满/失望。
(14)It would be highly appreciated if you could...
如果你能……我将万分感谢。
(15)I trust you will take my complaints seriously and...
我相信你会认真对待我的投诉，并且……Ⅲ．典题透析
假设你叫李华，是一名高中生。最近，你在某国外的图书网站购买了一本图书，遇到了一些问题。为此，你决定向该公司的服务部进行投诉。内容包括：
1．图书比预计晚到10天；
2．图书出现了缺页现象；
3．希望问题尽快得到解决。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[写作步骤1 搜索词汇]
1．(问题)出现 _________
2．抱怨 _________________
3．不便 _________________
4．更糟糕的是 ________________
5．改进 _______________ arise
complain about
inconvenience
what’s worse
improvement
[写作步骤2 巧用句型]
1．出现了一些问题，这让我感到沮丧。
Some problems have arisen， ____________________________.
2．我订购的这本书要比预期晚十天才到，这给我带来很多不便。
①The book I ordered reached me ten days later than expected _____________ ____________________________.(and连接并列句)
②The book I ordered reached me ten days later than expected ______________ _______________________.(which 引导非限制性定语从句)
which makes me upset and this brought me lots of inconvenience which brought me lots of inconvenience
3．你是一个著名的购书网站，但我的经历表明你的服务需要改进。
①You are a famous book-selling website,but my experience shows that your service ____________________.(need ＋n.)
②You are a famous book-selling website,but my experience shows that your service ________________________________.(need doing/to be done)needs improvement needs improving/to be improved
[写作步骤3 连句成篇]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
First of all,the book I ordered reached me ten days later than expected,which brought me lots of inconvenience. What’s worse,when I looked through it,I found that a few pages are missing,which makes me very disappointed.I know you are a famous bookselling website,but my experience shows that your service needs improvement. I hope you can send me another book as soon as possible.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
