Unit 4 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The secretary has made the __arrangement__ (安排)of a time and place.
2．They built a(n) __platform__ (平台)in the trees from which they could watch the animals unobserved.
3．As usual，he stood his __broom__ (扫帚)behind the door after he finished cleaning the room.
4．The farmhouse is __remote__ (遥远的)from any other building.
5．These facts are __relevant__ (有关的)to the case.
6．He didn’t __participate__ (参加)in the game as a result of his illness.
7．Education is a __privilege__ (特权)in many countries.
8．Seize the chance， __otherwise__ (否则)you will regret it.
9． __Paperwork__ (文书工作)consumed much of the committee’s time.
10．All the __leftovers__ (剩饭)ought to be warmed up before eating.
Ⅱ．选词填空
the other day，come across，hear from, dry out, be dying to, make a difference to，to be honest，be relevant to，participate in，stick out
1．The meeting __is relevant to__ the work that we have done during the summer vacation.
2． __To be honest__ ,_she is the best student in our class.
3．I __came across__ my primary deskmate yesterday.
4．They are eager to __participate in__ the activity after class.
5．I have not __heard from__ my mother for three weeks.
6．They paid a visit to the museum __the other day__.
7．It __made a difference to__ our lives in the city.
8．It took us three hours to __dry out__ our wet clothes.
9．He __stuck out__ his tongue at his mother and ran away.
10．I __am dying to__ know what is going on here.
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．不知不觉中两个小时过去了。
Two hours passed __before we knew it__.
2．他躲在一棵树上，从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。
He hid himself in a tree， __from where he could see__ the enemy in the distance.
3．昨天下午我正在街上散步，这时我碰到了我的英语老师。
I was walking in the street yesterday afternoon __when__ I came across my English teacher.
4．去年夏天，我房子前的那条河的确干涸了。
The river in front of my house __did dry up__ last summer.
5．她有困难时总找老师帮忙。
__When in trouble__ ，she always goes to her teacher for help.
6．说实在的，我对她比对任何人都信任。
__To be honest__ ，I trust her more than anyone else.
7．她发现自己很难适应在夜晚工作。
She found it very hard to __adjust(herself)to__ working at night.
8．我不知道这个消息，不然我就告诉你了。
I didn’t know the news, otherwise __I would have told you__.
9．他们昨天的确去看过你，但没见到你。
They __did go to see you__ yesterday, but failed to meet you.
10．一千人被困在毁坏的大楼里，其中大部分都得救了。
One thousand people were trapped in the damaged building， __most of whom__ were saved.(“不定代词＋of＋关系代词”结构)
Unit 4 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ．完形填空
One rainy evening I went to fill up at the gas station.A preteen boy approached my car with a thick hoodie (连帽衫) __1.B__ around his face.He asked me for money to help him and his mother stay in their hotel for an additional week.He stated that if they did not __2.A__ $ 25 they would be __3.A__ that evening.Having worked in social services before, and being a little skeptical, I asked why his mother hadn’t applied for social services for __4.D__.The boy said that they needed to __5.A__ in their hotel for one more week until his grandmother, who lived out of town, could take them in.
I gave the boy what I had—$ 5.He thanked me and continued to __6.C__ the parking lot asking for help.I got my gas and drove away.A (n) __7.B__ time some weeks ago, a boy asked me for money and I told him I didn’t have any __8.D__ I did.The skeptic in me had __9.D__ out.Yet, I thought about it, felt __10.B__ at my skepticism and went __11.B__ the boy to give him a dollar.But it seemed that he had disappeared into thin air.“This time，” I thought, “I’ll do it __12.C__.”
I reached into my __13.B__ and took out an additional $ 20; then I returned to the gas station.The boy was __14.A__ there.I observed him __15.D__ approaching strangers who walked past him but took no __16.D__ of him.I pulled up beside a pump and waved __17.B__ the boy to come over.I handed him the $ 20 bill.
He __18.D__ through my car window and gave me a huge hug.His hug told me all I needed to know—that finally this kid could get out of the __19.A__ ,_the cold and the darkening sky and go inside where it was __20.C__.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在加油站帮助一个乞讨的孩子的故事。
1．A．hung B．pulled
C．shown D．hidden
解析：由最后一段中的“the cold”可知，男孩因天冷将连帽衫拉起来遮住脸。
2．A．come up with B．catch up with
C．put up with D．feed up with
解析：此处指男孩和他的母亲若交不上25美元的房费就会被驱赶出去，故选come up with，意为“提供，拿出(钱款)”。
3．A．driven out B．given out
C．brought out D．turned out
解析：由上题的解释可知，他们当晚就会被驱赶出去。
4．A．guidance B．reference
C．advice D．assistance
解析：由上文中的“applied for social services”可知，作者反问男孩，为何他的母亲不向社会福利部门求助。
5．A．remain B．survive
C．keep D．continue
解析：由下文中的“for one more week”和“take them in”可知，此处指在男孩的外婆收留他们母子之前他们仍需在宾馆多待一个星期，remain意为“停留，留下”。
6．A．stretch B．clean
C．wander D．search
解析：由上文中的“$25”和“I gave the boy what I had—$5”可知，男孩所需的房费没有凑够，他继续在停车场徘徊，寻求帮助。wander意为“徘徊，闲逛”。
7．A．appointed B．separate
C．usual D．regular
解析：由下文中的“some weeks ago”可知，此处指作者回想起几周前一个不同的时间里发生的事，故选separate。appointed意为“指定的”。
8．A．as B．unless
C．because D．though
解析：根据下文的内容可知，此处指一个男孩向作者要钱，尽管作者有钱，但他却告诉男孩他没钱。前后句之间是让步关系。
9．A．worn B．turned
C．come D．won
解析：由上文中的“I told him I didn’t have any...I did.”和“The skeptic in me”可知，此处指作者的疑心最终胜出了，故选择won。win out意为“(克服困难)获得成功，最终胜出”。
10．A．deserved B．ashamed
C．relaxed D．worried
解析：由“to give him a dollar.But it seemed...air.”可知，此处指作者虽然因疑心而没有给男孩钱，但内心一直很愧疚。
11．A．looking at B．looking for
C．looking on D．looking into
解析：由下文中的“But it seemed that he had disappeared into thin air.”可知，此处指作者去寻找(looking for)要钱的男孩，但他似乎已消失得无影无踪了。
12．A．accidentally B．purposely
C．differently D．quickly
解析：由上文的内容及“This time”和“I’ll do it”可知，此处指作者这次吸取了上次的教训，决定改变做法，去帮助向他要钱的男孩。
13．A．schoolbag B．wallet
C．suitcase D．car
解析：由“...reached into”和“took out”可知，此处指作者把手伸进钱包，取出了额外的20美元。
14．A．still B．just
C．yet D．even
解析：由下文中的“approaching strangers who walked past him”可知，男孩仍在停车场。
15．A．suddenly B．bravely
C．reluctantly D．constantly
解析：由“approaching strangers who walked past him...handed him the $20 bill.”可知，为了凑够房费，男孩不断地接近从他身边经过的陌生人，但无人理会他。
16．A．account B．advantage
C．control D．notice
解析：参见上题解析。take no notice of意为“不理会”。
17．A．with B．at
C．upon D．for
解析：由空前的“waved”和下文中的“I handed him the$ 20 bill.”可知，此处指作者把车停在了油泵旁边，向男孩招手(wave at意为“朝……挥手”)，让他过来。
18．A．gained B．held
C．gathered D．reached
解析：由下文中的“through my car window and gave me a huge hug”可知，男孩把手伸进车窗，给了作者一个大大的拥抱。
19．A．rain B．garage
C．hotel D．line
解析：由文章开头的“One rainy evening”可知，故事发生在雨夜， 而最后男孩凑够了房费，这意味着他可以不用待在雨中了。
20．A．sunny B．freezing
C．warm D．quiet
解析：由上文中的“the cold and the darkening sky”和“go inside”可知，此处指男孩可以走进温暖的宾馆房间。同时此处也升华了文章的主题，即：帮助他人，让他人感觉到温暖。
Ⅱ．阅读理解
A
Back in freshman year, I found myself wondering whether it should really be called “volunteering” if students only do it because they have to.
I ended up volunteering at Weyrich Health Center, helping elderly patients with daily tasks. The more I did these tasks, the more disconnected I felt from the seniors.Though I felt bad for them, I did not want to interact with them.
Then one rainy day, I met Colonel Hemsworth.He invited me to his table and asked for some company.I regarded this as another boring task.However, when I listened to his stories, I learned that he was a brilliant war veteran (老兵), and I found his tales interesting.
After my brief talk with the Colonel, I realized that I shared common characters with all the seniors. I felt like an oxygen molecule (分子)—ready to bond—rather than an isolated noble gas.
I met with many learned senior citizens who shared their experiences and wisdom.All of the seniors provided insight and a new perspective on life.No longer did I walk aimlessly down the hallways. I found myself enjoying talking with these people as I learned their histories.Why hadn’t I realized sooner that volunteer work could enlighten me?
Some people argue that volunteering and working for change does not help.However, they fail to realize that the world is constantly changing and humans must adapt.My experience at Weyrich Health Center has taught me that refusing to change one’s views and accept new perspectives leads to short-term goals that eventually dissolve.Communication with others is a vital part of life.Volunteering is not only a requirement or a way to beef up your r?sum?， but it is a time for service and personal growth.
Now I enjoy volunteering my time surrounded by seniors who bring history alive for me. By communicating with them, I have developed into a more dynamic person.
文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过回忆自己在大一时从事志愿工作的经历，讲述了自己对志愿工作的态度从不情愿到喜欢的转变过程。作者喜欢与老年人在一起，因为从老人们身上可以学习很多的知识。
1．What’s the author’s initial attitude towards volunteering？ __D__
A．Positive. B．Satisfied.
C．Doubtful．D．Unwilling.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The more I did these tasks，the more disconnected I felt from the seniors”可知，作者做志愿工作是不情愿的。故选D项。
2．Why did Colonel Hemsworth invite the author to his table？ __B__
A．He liked the author very much.
B．He wanted the author to accompany him.
C．He wanted to work with the author.
D．He planned to teach the author something.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He invited me to his table and asked for some company”可知，上校邀请作者到他的桌旁是想让作者陪伴他。故选B项。
3．What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Para.4？ __A__
A．The author had desire to communicate with the seniors.
B．The author wanted to do a chemical experiment with gas.
C．The author imagined himself to be part of isolated gas.
D．The author would like to be an oxygen molecule.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“I found myself enjoymg talking with these people as I learned their histories”以及第四段中的“I realized that I shared common characters with all the seniors”可知，本题选A项。
4．What does the sixth paragraph mainly tell us？ __D__
A．Other people’s attitude towards volunteering.
B．The importance of communicating with others.
C．The important meaning of humans adapting to changes.
D．The lessons the author has learned from volunteering.
解析：段落大意题。根据第六段中的“My experience at Weyrich Health Center has taught me that...”可知，本段主要介绍了作者从志愿工作经历中得到的教训。故选D项。
B
Volunteers abroad always return home feeling like they made a really worthy contribution to the area they visit.It’s quite fight because any volunteer organization will put your skills to work in the most valuable way possible.Volunteer teaching in Africa is one of the areas where help is always wanted.Even if you don’t have teaching qualifications (资格)right now, it doesn’t mean you won’t be welcome.
Many volunteer teaching assistants are people in the early years of their studies.Others have no longterm teaching plans but a willingness to take on new challenges and help wherever they can.It’s not just classroom work either.For example, recent storms in Livingstone in Zambia took the roof off the local school.Volunteer teaching assistants rolled up their sleeves and helped put it back on again.
Teaching in Africa is more than sitting in classrooms with young children.If sports education is your thing, there are opportunities for you to help teach your skills with notable programs in Zanzibar，Mozambique, South Africa and Zambia.In these same areas there is equal need for education of adults, not just for their personal development but also in many other ways.
If you think it’s all work and no play, there will be plenty of time for you to have your own adventures in this beautiful country.There’s white-water rafting on the Zambezi, surfing off the East African coast.If peaceful and quiet life interests you, there are famous South African vineyards (葡萄园)and the top restaurants of the Cape Town.
Whatever your skill is, volunteer organizations will find a place for you where you can make the most difference.Whatever you give volunteer teaching in Africa for a couple of weeks or a couple of months，you will have great influence on the people you meet.You really can help change people’s lives.
文章大意：你想到非洲志愿支教吗？欢迎你来非洲支教，总有一份工作适合你。
5．If a college student volunteers to teach in Africa， __C__.
A．he can only teach sports there
B．he won’t have the right to teach adults there
C．he doesn’t need to have teaching qualifications
D．he must work there for at least a couple of months
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Even if you don’t have teaching qualifications right now, it doesn’t mean you won’t be welcome.”可知即使你现在没有教学资格，你也会很受欢迎。
6．The recent storms in Livingstone are mentioned to show that __D__.
A．the local people are extremely poor
B．the weather in Africa is rather terrible
C．Africans don’t know how to build houses
D．volunteers have many things to do besides teaching
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It’s not just classroom work either.”可知志愿者们除了教学还有很多的其他的事情去做。
7．According toParagraph 4, volunteer teaching in Africa is __B__.
A．busy B．colorful
C．peaceful D．demanding
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知在非洲支教的生活是丰富多彩的，可以有充足的时间冒险，可以竹排漂流，可以冲浪，还可以参观葡萄园，到餐馆品尝美食。
8．The author wrote the text mainly to __C__.
A．tell us his experience in Africa
B．show the peaceful life in Africa
C．call on people to volunteer in Africa
D．teach us how to apply for a job in Africa
解析：推理判断题。根据文章大意可知本文是在号召人们到非洲志愿支教。
Ⅲ．语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once upon a time, two dogs came to a village.The village had __1.a__ house which had a lot of mirrors (镜子). Both of the two dogs expected __2.to enter__ (enter)it and have a look inside.But only one __3.was allowed__ (allow)each time.
The sad dog of the two went in first.After he came into the house, he found that many sad dogs __4.looking/were looking__ (look)at him.He didn’t like it and came out quickly.When he was asked how his time was in the house, the sad dog said, “ __5.It__ was terrible.I wouldn’t go in again.”
The happy dog was still interested in the house，he asked the __6.permission__ (permit)to enter it.As soon as he came in, he saw many happy dogs.They were all smiling __7.at__ him.The dog played there __8.excitedly__ (excited)for a while. When he came out, he said to the other dog, “I really enjoyed __9.playing__ (play)in the house.There are manyhappy dogs.” The other dog didn’t believe him. He went in and had a look again.However, he still saw many sad dogs.
This story tells us that __10.if__ you want to see happy faces, be happy first.
文章大意：忧伤的狗和快乐的狗在镜子里的映像不同，是因为它们对待生活的态度不同。这则故事告诉我们想看到快乐的事情，自己应先快乐起来。
解析：
1．在文章中第一次出现，用不定冠词表类指。
2．考查非谓语动词。expect to do sth.期望做某事。
3．由Once upon a time可知，用一般过去时；the only one与allow，为动宾关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。
4．考查宾语补足语或考查从句非谓语动词。find sb.doing sth.“发现某人正在做某事”。也可理解为find加宾语从句，从句缺少谓语动词，此处指那些狗正在看着它，故用were looking。
5．考查代词。指忧伤的狗进屋照镜子这件事，用不定代词it。
6．考查名词。the为名词限定词，permit的名词为permission。
7．考查介词。smile at sb./sth.冲着某人或某物微笑。
8．考查副词。修饰谓语动词play用副词，excited的副词形式为excitedly.
9．考查动名词。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。
10．考查连词。that引导宾语从句，作tell的宾语；根据两个分句的逻辑关系，可知应该用if引导条件状语从句。
课件105张PPT。Unit 2 SharingSection Ⅰ Warming-up，Pre-reading,
Reading & Comprehending 自 主 预 习
Ⅰ．单词速记
1．/'f??tna?t/ _____________ (n.)两星期
2．/ru?f/ ________ (n.)屋顶；车顶
3．/'k?nsept/ ___________ (n.)观念；概念
4．/'rel?v?nt/ ____________ (adj.)有关的；切题的
5．/r?'m??t/ __________ (adj.)遥远的；偏僻的fortnight roof concept relevant remote
6．/w??d/ ________ (n.)杂草；野草
(vt.& v?.)除杂草
7．/'pl?tf??m/ ____________ (n.)台；平台；讲台；(火车站的)月台
8．/bru?m/ _________ (n.)扫帚
9．/'?e?wa?z/ _____________ (conj.)否则；不然(adv.)用别的方法；其他方面
10．/'pr?v?l?d?/ _____________ (n.)特权；特别优待
weed platform broom otherwise privilege
11．nud(n.)泥；泥泞→ _________ (adj.)泥泞的；泥土般的
12．week(n.)周，星期→ __________ (adj.& adv.)每周(的)
13．rectangle(n.)矩形；长方形→ _______________ (adj.)长方形的；矩形的
14．adjust(vi.& vt.)调整；(使)适合→ ______________ (n.)调整； 适应
15．participate(vi.)参与；参加→ _________________ (n.)参加
→ _______________ (n.)参加者，参与者
16．arrangement(n.)安排；排列→ ___________ (v.)安排；排列
muddy weekly rectangular adjustment participation participant arrange
Ⅱ．短语互译
1．确切地，肯定 ____________
2．不久前的一天 _______________________
3．产生影响 ___________________
4．与某人握手 _____________________________
5．导致；促成 __________
6．(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透 ___________
for sure
the other day
make a difference
shake hands with sb.
lead to
dry out
7．(指河流、井等)干涸 __________
8．hear from ________________
9．(be) dying to ______________
10．adapt to ________
11．come across ____________
12．to be honest __________dry up
接到……的信
极想；渴望
适应
偶然遇到
说实话 寻规巧记词
Ⅲ．课文理解
First 略读主旨
The passage is an ___________ letter from a young Australia woman，Jo，who worked ______ a _____________ teacher in Papua New Guinea for two years.airmail as volunteer
Second 品读细节
1．In a chemistry experiment the boys jumped out of the windows because they _____.
A．were frightened by the bubbling mixture
B．couldn’t stand the terrible smell of the mixture
C．didn’t like doing chemistry experiments
D．knew chemistry was not relevant to them
A
2．Why does Jo wonder how relevant chemistry is to the kids？ ______
A．Because she thinks chemistry is too difficult to learn.
B．Because she thinks chemistry may make little difference to the kids’ lives.
C．Because the kids there hardly come across anything of chemistry.
D．Because she thinks chemistry is useless.
B
3．According to the passage，it is NOT true that _____.
A．many of the students have to walk a long way to go to school
B．Jo had visited Tombe’s family several times before the letter
C．there is no electricity or water and even no textbooks in the school
D．Tombe lives in a poor but complete family
4．How did Jo feel after the visit to Tombe’s family？ ______
A．Upset. B．Worried.
C．Happy. D．Sad.
B C Third 精读语篇
Jo works at a bush school 1. _________ classrooms are made of bamboo and grass.There’s no electricity or water and even no textbooks either.2. ______ takes many of the students about two hours 3. __________ (get)to school.Jo hopes to make some 4. ____________ (different)to the children’s lives by teaching them.The other day，Jo and Jenny visited Tombe’s home.When they arrived 5. ______ the village，Tombe’s mother who 6. ___________________ (work)in the garden，started 7. __________ (cry)“ieee ieee”．whose It to get difference at had been working crying
Tombe’s father led them to his house，a low bamboo hut with grass 8. ____________ (stick)out of the roof，where Jo could only see one broom，a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars.That night Jo and Jenny slept on a 9. _________ (new) made platform.They left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and handshakes.Jo felt it was such a privilege 10. _______________ (spend)a day with Tombe’s family.
sticking newly to have spent
Fourth 研读难句
1．The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when...the mixture was bubbling over everywhere.
句式：was/were doing...when...，when连接并列句，意思是：……正在干……，这时……。
仿写：我正在做作业，这时老师进来了。
____________________________________________________
I was doing my homework when the teacher came in. 2．To be honest，I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.
句式：doubt whether引导的宾语从句，意思是：怀疑……是否……。
仿写：我怀疑我们能不能实验成功。
_________________________________________________________________
3．Everyone seemed to be a relative of Tombe’s.
句式：seem to do/be...句型，意思是：……好像是/做……
仿写：他好像是工人身份。
___________________________________I doubt whether we can succeed in doing the experiment. He seems to work as a worker. 合 作 探 究①His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
他的国籍与他是否是一位好律师无关。
②What you say is not relevant to the matter in hand.
你所说的与目前这件事无关。重 点 词 汇1．relevant adj.有关的；切题的；有实际价值的be relevant to与……有关
be related to与……有关
be concerned with与……有关
be involved in与……有关
be associated with与……有关
relevance n．关联；贴切；中肯
relevantly adv.有关地；切题地
irrelevant adj.无关的；不切题的
be irrelevant to sth./sb.与某物/人不相关单句语法填空
①A businessman was murdered last Friday and the police are collecting information that is relevant ______ the case.
②Topics for compositions should have _____________ (relevant)to the experiences and interests of the students.
③Closely associated ________ the Spring Festival,jiaozi,a kind of famous Chinese food,is very popular with many people in some western countries.to relevance with
完成句子
④(全国卷I改编)只要是有趣、有益的，你可以写任何相关的东西。
You can write ____________________ so long as it’s interesting.
⑤她的长相(好不好)跟她能否当个好老师无关。
Her appearance __________________ whether she can be a good teacher.
anything relevant is irrelevant to ①It all seemed remote but gradually the improvements have been seen here.
这一切似乎很遥远，但这里的工作已逐渐得以改进。
②The volunteer teaches in one of the most remote areas of the world.
这位志愿者在世界上最偏僻的一个地区教书。2．remote adj.遥远的；偏僻的remotely adv.遥远地；关系远地
remoteness n．遥远
remote control遥控(器)
be remote from离……远；与……相差很大
①The old man lives in a house remote from any town or village.
那位老人住在一所远离村镇的房子里。
②Much new knowledge is remote from the immediate interests of the ordinary person.
许多新知识与普通人目前的利益关系甚远。remote/far/distant①Mail comes to this remote village only once a week.
邮车每周只到这个偏僻的村庄一次。
②The far side of the moon is difficult for us to observe.
我们很难观察月亮远的一面。
③He is a distant cousin of mine.
他是我的一位远房表亲。英汉互译
①There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive.
______________________________________
②你的评论跟我们正谈的问题关系不大。
______________________________________________________________ 他们仍然有一线希望能把她活着找到。 Your comments are rather remote from the subject we are discussing. ①She adjusted the seat to the height of her son.
她调整座椅到适合儿子的高度。
②He tried to adjust his daily schedule to leave time for everything.
他设法调整日常时间表，以便能有时间顾及所有的事。3．adjust v．调整；(使)适合adjust sth.to sth.调整……以适合
adust to sth./doing sth.适应于……
adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的
adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
make an adjustment作出调整
He soon adjusted himself to the army life.
他很快就适应了军旅生活。adapt/adjust①You should adjust your watch.It’s five minutes slow.
你应该调准你的手表，它慢五分钟。
②I believe that a good hotel must adapt itself to changing times.
我认为一个好的宾馆必须适应潮流。单句语法填空
①The ______________ (adjust)of the interest rate will moderate.
②You can’t see through the telescope until it ______________ (adjust) to your eyes.
③You are so dependent that I’m afraid you can’t adjust yourself to _____________ (leave)alone for a time.
④The height of the bicycle is ______________ (adjust)．adjustment is adjusted being left adjustable ①He often participates in activities after class.
他经常参加课外活动。
②I participate in your suffering and joy.
我跟你同甘共苦。
温馨提示：participate通常与in连用。4．participate vi.参加；参与participate with sb.in sth.与某人分担……
participate in sth.＝take part in参加
participate in sth.with sb.同某人参与某事
participant n．参加者；共享者
participation n．参与；分担；共享participate in/attend/join/take part in/join in用participate in/take part in/join/attend填空
①To my delight,I was chosenfrom hundreds of applicants to __________ the opening ceremony.
②Jane won’t ________ us for dinner tonight and Tom won’t either.
③First of all,I often _____________________________ English Corner,where I can talk and communicate with students and foreign teachers.
attend join participate in/take part in
单句语法填空
④In the United States and other Western countries，children attend school for only 6 to 8 hours per day,and although they may participate ______ one or two extracurricular activities,they still have enough free time to play and socialize(社交)．
⑤All the ________________ (participate)in the debate will have an opportunity to speak.in participants ①The collection is a good draw that brings visitors who might not come otherwise.
收藏很吸引人，不然就没这么多人来参观了。
②He says it’s genuine，but we think otherwise.
他说这是真理，但我们不这样认为。
③The soup was cold，but it was otherwise an excellent meal.
除了汤是凉的以外，那顿饭菜是很好的。5．otherwise conj.否则；不然 adv.用别的方法；其他方面；除此以外温馨提示：otherwise常用在虚拟语气中，替代非真实条件句；另外“祈使句＋otherwise＋陈述句”句型也是高考的重点。如：
We were delayed at the airport.Otherwise we would have been here by lunch time.
我们在机场被耽搁了，不然的话我们午饭时就到了。单句语法填空
①I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be _____________ occupied.
②You’d better go now,otherwise you ____________ (miss)the train.
③Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn’t _____________ (find)it otherwise.
otherwise will miss have found
完成句子
④We told her to do it in this way but she did it _____________.
我们让她这样做，可她却用别的方法做。
⑤Thank you for your help. Otherwise,we ________________________ to the strange environment so quickly.
多谢你的帮助，不然的话，我们是不会这么快适应陌生环境的。otherwise would not have adjusted Education should be a universal right and not a privilege.
教育应是全民的权利而非部分人享有的特权。6．privilege n．特权；特别优待 vt.给予……的优惠/特权privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的
It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣。
have the privilege to do/of doing sth.有特权做某事
①I hope to have the privilege to work with you.
我希望有幸与你合作。
②These policies privilege the children of wealthy parents.
这些政策特别优待富家子弟。完成句子
① ____________________ work with you.
与你合作是一种殊荣。
②We ____________________ welcome you as our speaker this evening.
我们荣幸地欢迎您今晚来演讲。
③I hope to ______________________________________________ with them again.
但愿有幸与他们再度合作。It is a privilege to are privileged to have the privilege to cooperate/of cooperating ①The secretary has made the arrangement of the time and place for the meeting.
秘书为这次会议时间和地点做好了安排。
②We have finished all the arrangements for the party.
我们已经完成晚会的所有安排工作。7．arrangement n．安排；排列come to an arrangement谈妥；达成协议
make arrangement for为……做好准备；为……做好安排
make arrangement with sb.与(某人)商定或约好，(和某人)达成协议；做好准备；做出安排
arrange v．安排；排列；协商
arrange(for sb./sth.)to do sth.安排(某人/某物)做某事
arrange with sb.to do sth.和某人商定做某事单句语法填空
①That accident totally upset our ________________ (arrange)and caused a lot of problems,which we found difficult to get over.
②My schedule is quite flexible,so I could arrange __________ (meet)you any day next week. When you’re free,just call me.
单句改错
③She has arranged her son to take swimming lessons next month.
_____________________ arrangements to meet arranged后面加for I look forward to hearing from her.
我盼望着收到她的信。重 点 短 语1．hear from接到……的信hear about/of听说；听到；听到说起
hear that...听人说起……
hear sb.out听某人说完
hear sb.do sth.听到某人做了某事
hear sb.doing sth.听到某人正在做某事
①I’ve never heard of anyone doing a thing like that.
我从来没听说有人会做这种事。
②We often hear the couple quarrel.And this morning when I was passing by，I heard them quarreling again.
我们经常听到这对夫妇吵架，今天早上我路过时又再次听到他们吵架的声音。
温馨提示：hear from后面只能接表示人的名词或代词，不可接某人的信(letter)作宾语。“收到某人的信”可用get a letter from sb.来表示。单句语法填空
①Thanks for reading my letter and anxiously anticipating hearing ________ you soon.
②—Have you heard _________ the recent election?
—Sure,it has been the only thing on the news for the last three days.
③I heard her ________ (sing)an English song just now.
④I heard her ___________ (sing)an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
from about sing singing
变式训练
⑤He received your letter yesterday.
＝Your letter ___________ him yesterday.
＝ He _____________ you yesterday.reached heard from ①I’m dying to chat with you online again.
我极想和你再次在网上聊天。
②The students are dying to know the result of the exam.
学生们正渴望知道考试结果。2．(be)dying to do极想；渴望be dying for/to do sth.极想/渴望(做)某事；迫切想要(做)某事
“渴望”的多种表达法：
be dying to do sth.渴望做某事
be dying for sth.渴望得到某物
be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
be eager for sth.渴望得到某物
be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事
be anxious for sth.渴望得到某物
long to do sth.渴望做某事
long for sth.渴望得到某物
desire to do sth.渴望做某事
have a strong desire for sth.渴望得到某物
be thirsty for sth 渴望得到某物
①She was dying/eager/thirsty for a holiday to relax herself.
她非常渴望一个假期来放松一下自己。
②Out of curiosity，I’m eager to know the truth.
出于好奇，我渴望知道事情真相。完成句子
①(陕西高考改编)作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是盼着自己能独立的时刻。
As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always __________________the time when he should be able to be independent.
②那个孩子想回到学校，因为他渴望知识。
The child wants to return to school because he __________________________.
③我很想知道这里正在发生什么。
I _____________________ what is going on here.longing/dying for is dying for knowledge am dying to know
I saw Tom at the bank the other day.
几天前我在银行见到过汤姆。
3．the other day不久前的一天some day(将来的)某一天
one day(将来或过去的)某一天
another day改天，另一天
①Your dream will come true some day in the future.
你的梦想将来的某天会实现。
②One day when I was 12，my mother gave me an order：I was to walk to the public library，and borrow at least one book for the summer.
12岁时的一天，妈妈给我下达了一个命令：我要走到公共图书馆借至少一本书，在这个夏天阅读。单句语法填空
①Mr. Wang ________ (give)us a lecture the other day,of which most was about how the ancient city was discovered.
②He _______________ (knock)down by a car when he was approaching a shopping center one day.
③For all these years,I have been working for others. I am hoping that I _______ (set)up my own business someday.
gave was knocked set
单句改错
④The other day I order a birthday gift for my sister on the Internet.
____________________
⑤One day,I am chatting online with some old friends,one of whom mentioned he had got in touch with Anne several days before. What exciting news!
_____________order改为ordered am改为was I came across an American on the way home，whose words did not really come across.
我在回家的路上偶然遇见一个美国人，但他的话我没能真正理解。4．come across偶然遇见；被理解come about产生；发生
come out出版；出来；开花(无被动)
come up with提出；想出
come to达到
come into being产生；形成
how come怎么会
come true(梦想)实现①I don’t know how the differences came about.
我不知道这种差异是如何产生的。
②If she spent five years in Paris，how come she can’t speak a word of French?
她如果在巴黎待了五年，怎么一句法语都不会说呢？单句语法填空
①His dream of becoming a singer came ________ at last.
②—Have you come up ________ some new ideas?
—Yeah. I’ll tell you later.
③It’s already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it came _________ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
④The book which came _______ at the end of last year turned out to be a great success in Shanghai.
⑤I came __________ children sleeping under bridges.true with about out across Your support will certainly make a difference in our cause.
你们的支持对我们的事业肯定是有影响的。5．make a difference产生差别；有影响；起重要作用make no/a little/much/some difference没有/有一点/有很大/有一些影响
make a difference between区分……
tell the difference between分辨……的差别
①The rain didn’t make much difference to the game.
这场雨对比赛没多大影响。
②It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.
不管他去或是不去，对我都没有影响。
③Does it make any difference which side will win?
哪边赢有关系吗？
温馨提示：注意difference前常用a，some，little，much，no，any等修饰。完成句子
①转学对我的生活有影响。
Changing schools ____________________ to my life.
②他已经尝试过一切，但是几乎没有用处。
He had tried everything but it ________________________.
③这对我们不会有任何影响。
It won’t _____________________ to us.makes a difference made little difference make any difference ①We waited for our wet clothes to dry out.
我们等着我们的湿衣服晾干。
②Don’t leave the vegetable on the table，or it will dry out.
不要把蔬菜放在桌子上，否则它会变干的。6．dry out(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透dry up(河流、井等)干涸
dry off(使)变干
①The pond dried up in the summer.
那个池塘在夏天干涸了。
②The swimmer dried off in the hot sun.
游泳的人在烈日下晒干身体。dry out/dry up/dry off选词填空(dry out/dry up/dry off)
①Warm breezes from the south ___________ the streets.
②Some people ___________ vegetables in summer for winter use.
③The clothes soon ___________________in the sun.
翻译句子
③这些日子天气越来越干燥了。
_____________________________________.
④If the soil is allowed to dry out，the tree will die.
____________________________________ 。dried up dry out dried off It’s getting drier and drier these days 如果任由土壤变干，这棵树将会枯死 经 典 句 式1．The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!
有一天，我正在给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒泡了！(1)when是并列连词，连接两个并列分句。before I knew it是时间状语。本句为“was/were doing＋when＋一般过去时”句式，意为“正在做……就在这时……”；when为并列连词，意为“正在这时”。
①I was doing my homework when my mother came back home.
当妈妈回家的时候我正在写作业。
②The children were playing football on the playground when it began to rain.
孩子们正在操场上踢足球，这时下起了雨。be about to do...when...(某人)正要做……这时(突然)…… 如：
I was about to go out when Tom came in.
我正要出去，这时汤姆进来了。
had just done...when刚做完……正在这时，如：
She had just washed all clothes when her son fell into a pond.
她刚洗完所有的衣服，她的儿子掉进了一个小池塘。
(2)本句中before用作连词，意思是“在……之前；还没来得及……就”。如：
①Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.
不要高兴得过早。(如意算盘别打得太早。)
②Before she could move，she heard a great noise，which grew to a terrible roar.
她还没来得及动弹，就听见有很响的声音，接着就成了可怕的隆隆轰鸣声。
③Before I could say a word，she had stormed out of the room.
不等我说一句话，她就冲出了房间。before还可以用于：
①It＋be＋时间段＋before...句型中，意思是“在……之后才……”。如：
It will be five years before I come back.
我五年后才能回来。
②如果主句中用否定式，则表示“不多久……就”。如：
a．It won’t be long before they understand each other.
他们不久就会互相了解的。
b．It was not long before the enemy was driven out of their country.
不久之后，敌人就被赶走了。
③“趁……(还没有)”之意。如：
a．They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.
他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
b．Do it before you forget it.
趁早动手，以免忘了。单句语法填空
①She _______ just ____________ (finish)her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
②The girl had hardly rung the bell __________ the door was opened suddenly，and her friend rushed out to greet her.
完成句子
③(福建高考改编)当我正想要放弃的时候，我爸爸过来鼓励我继续下去。
I _______________ give up ________ my father came and encouraged me to keep going.had finished before was about to when ④ (湖南高考改编)在去书店的路上，我正在十字路口等绿灯，突然一个小女孩被一辆过往车辆撞倒了。
I was on my way to the bookstore and _________________________the green light at a crossing ________ a girl was knocked down by a passing car.
⑤(北京高考改编)在我们准备好长久待在月球上之前还有很多问题需要解决。
There are still many problems to be solved __________ we _______________ a long stay on the Moon.
⑥来到中国之前，她已经学习了大约3 000个单词。
She _______________________ about 3,000 words before she came to China.was waiting for when before are ready for had learned/learnt 本句是一个复合句，wonder后跟的是how引导的宾语从句。most of whom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰students，most of whom是“名词/代词/数词＋of＋关系代词”结构，在语意上相当于most of them。如：2．Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students，most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.有时候，我真想知道，化学与这些学生们究竟有多大的关系。无论如何，他们中的大多数人学完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。①Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，the price of which was very reasonable.
最近我买了一个古老的中国花瓶，它的价格很合理。
②She has two sons，both of whom are serving in the army.
她有两个儿子，都在部队服役。
③There’re sixty students in my class,80% of whom are from the mountain villages.
我的班里有60位学生，80%来自山村。补全句子
①I don’t know _________________ (多么重要)it is to him to send messages to his friends.
②We should encourage the students， ______________ (其中一些)feel down after the exam.
③The old couple have two children， ___________________ (两个孩子都不)able to come to see them when they feel lonely，however.how important some of whom neither of whom is
单句语法填空
④The handicrafts,most of _________ had been made by the students,were sold out soon.
⑤It’s the same in China —many people,some of ________ are not overweight at all,are always going on diets or taking weight loss pills.which whom did在句中起强调作用，表示“的确；确实”。英语中，如果需要强调谓语，常用助动词do，does或did置于谓语动词之前，此时谓语动词要用原形。“do/does/did＋动词原形”这种强调句中只有一般现在时和一般过去时，且只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调，没有否定式和疑问式。do在句中要重读。注意在祈使句中使用时，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求，有时表达更加客气的语气。如：3．But last weekend another teacher，Jenny，and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys，Tombe.
不过，上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教师真的去访问了一个村庄，那是我的学生汤贝的家。①Do be careful!
千万要小心！
②Do come on Sunday.
务必星期天来。
③I do hope you have a merry Christmas!
衷心祝福你圣诞快乐！
④He does speak English well.
他英语说得确实很好。
⑤They did go to see you yesterday，but failed to meet you.
他们昨天的确去看过你，但没见到你。单句改错
①She do hope you’ll get better soon.
______________
②Believe it or not,he did won first prize.
______________
do改为does won改为win
完成句子
③我衷心祝你圣诞快乐！
I _________________a merry Christmas!
④他刚才的确读过那封信。
He ____________ the letter just now.
⑤她的确来自欧洲的一个国家。
She ________________ a European country.do wish you did read does come from 4．We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.
我们走了两个半小时到那儿。先爬到山脊，在那儿我们欣赏了优美的风景，然后下了一个陡坡到了下面的山谷。(1)句子结构分析：and then down a steep path to the valley below.(2)句中的from where we had fantastic views为定语从句，引导词为from where，为“介词＋关系副词”结构，相当于from the place where。此结构中的where根据情况可换为when。该结构中的介词可用from，to，since等。
①I have bought that house，from where I can enjoy the beautiful scene of Yangpu Bridge.
我买下了那栋房子，从房子那可以欣赏到杨浦大桥的美景。
②Our family came to Shenzhen and settled in 1985，since when we have lived there.
我们家1985年来到深圳定居，从此我们一直住在那儿。from which中的which指的是一个地点名词；from where中的where指的是一个地点状语。单句语法填空
①She climbed up to the top of the hill， ________ where she could have a good view of the whole town.
②The baby is due in May，by ________ the new house should be finished.
③China is the birthplace of kites，from _________ kite flying spread to Japan，Korea，Thailand and India.from when where (1)When hot是承前省略，完整的句子应是：
When the stones were hot...。5．When hot，he placed them in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet potato)，corn and greens.
待(石块)烧热之后，他把它们连同考考(红薯)、玉米和青菜一起放进一个空的油桶中。(2)状语从句的省略原则：
一般情况下，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，且有系动词be时，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be。
①When (she was) very young，she began to learn to play the piano.
她很小的时候，就开始学习弹钢琴。
②If (it is) true，this will cause us a lot of trouble.
如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。状语从句省略口诀
省略句，真容易，符合两条就可以；
从句谓语含有be，两句主语一样的；
从句若有it be，照样省去不迟疑；
选择-ed或-ing，主动被动变仔细。完成句子
①如果有必要，你可以查阅一下字典。
_______________ ,you can refer to a dictionary.
②当被问到发生了什么事情的时候，他没有回答。
_____________ what had happened,he made no answer.
③如果你被接受做这项工作的话，你将很快得到通知。
______________ for the job,you’ll be informed soon.If necessary When asked If accepted 6．I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language，even though I could not participate in the conversation.
他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言在交谈，我很喜欢听他们的谈话，尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。句中的even though引导一个让步状语从句。主句为前面的I loved listening to...，其中动名词短语listening to...作宾语，后面的现在分词短语talking to each other作宾语补足语。提示：even though/if引导的让步状语从句，其主从句谓语可以用陈述语气说明事实或可能成为事实，也可以用虚拟语气说明与事实相反情况或不可能成为事实的情况。如：
①Even though Bruce gets accepted to Harvard，his family isn’t able to afford the expensive tuition.
即使布鲁斯被哈佛大学录取，他家也付不起那昂贵的学费。
②Even though the poisoned man had been treated in the hospital，he wouldn’t have been saved.
即使那个中毒的人在医院得到治疗，他也不会被救活。单句语法填空
①(真题改编·四川)He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son even ______________ he wants to.
翻译句子
②尽管她有时可能很烦人，我还是喜欢她。
I like her，even though/if she may be annoying at times. if/though
