Unit 4 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to __donate__ (捐赠)less-used things, and it worked.
2．Nowadays many people are willing to do __voluntary__ (自愿的)work for their communities.
3．They are holding a party in celebration of their fiftieth wedding a __nniversary__.
4．Tickets may be p __urchased__ in advance from the box office.
5．They studied the geographical __distribution__ (分布)of the disease.
6．They are now under a great deal of pressure to tighten their airport __security__ (安全)．
7．The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to __operate__ (经营)driverless taxi services.
8．His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health __clinics__ (诊所), and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities.
9．I made this skirt just by __sewing__ (缝)two pieces of cloth together.
10．My grandmother gave me a packet of wild flower __seeds__ (种子)．
Ⅱ．选词填空
in need，operate on，distribute...to...，make purchases，donate...to...，come across，up to，for sure，stick out，care for
1．She is willing to __donate__ money __to__ a worthy cause.
2．I’m afraid you’ll have to __be operated on__ for your heart trouble.
3．He is ready to help others，especially those __in need__.
4．The paper was almost __sticking out__ of his pocket.Tell him to be careful.
5．He works in a company，ranking among the world’s top 500，so he can earn __up to__ $ 2,000 a month.
6．One thing was __for sure__ ：there was nothing wrong with your eyes and eyesight.
7．When you __come across__ a new word in this passage，don’t turn to the dictionary at once.
8．The organization __distributed__ food and blankets __to__ the earthquake victims.
9．As an orphan，he __was cared for__ by the local authorities.
10．She __made purchases__ for her children in the dress shop at a discount.
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．We all __drank a toast to__ (为……干杯)the bride and the groom at the wedding.(toast的名词形式)
2．I’d rather __go hungry__ (挨饿)than eat what that mean person offered me.(go)
3．If you __are in need of__ (需要)anything，don’t hesitate to let me know.(need的名词形式)
4．Since they were separated last year, they haven’t __had knowledge of__ (了解)each other.(knowledge)
5．They __fell in love with__ (爱上)each other at first sight.(love 的名词形式)
6．She __made a donation__ (捐赠)of $ 5,000 to the Children’s Hospital (donation)
7．On hearing what he said, we __were/became aware of__ (意识到)what a silly thing that we had done.(aware)
8．I’m sure you will __benefit from__ (受益于)what you have done sooner or later.(benefit的动词形式)
9．The policy made by the government __brought hope to__ (给……带来希望)the poor area in those days.(hope的名词形式)
10．After __doing some research__ (做一些研究)on the subject for several years, he wrote his paper successfully.(research的名词形式)
Unit 4 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
I love charity (慈善) shops and so do lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them in every high street.The charity shop is a British institution , selling everything from clothes to electric goods, all at very good prices.You can get things you won’t find in the shops any more.The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies, and you are not damaging the planet, but finding a new home for unwanted goods.
The first charity shop was opened in 1947 by Oxfam. The famous charity’s appeal to aid postwar Greece had been so successful that it had been flooded with donations (捐赠物)．They decided to set up a shop to sell some of these donations to raise money for that appeal.Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK.My favourite charity shop in my hometown is the Red Cross shop, where I always find children’s books, all 10 or 20 pence each.
Most of the people working in the charity shops are volunteers, although there is often a manager who gets paid.Over 90% of the goods in the charity shops are donated by the public.Every morning you see bags of unwanted items outside the front of shops, although they don’t encourage this, rather ask people to bring things in when the shop is open.
The shops have very low running costs: all profits go to charity work.Charity shops raise more than ￡110 million a year, funding (资助)medical research, overseas aid, supporting sick and poor children, homeless and disabled people, and much more.What better place to spend your money? You get something special for a very good price and a good moral sense. You provide funds to a good cause and tread lightly on the environment.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种慈善商店——一个买东西就相当于捐款的地方。
1．The author loves the charity shop mainly because of __C__.
A．its convenient location B．its great variety of goods
C．its spirit of good will D．its nice shopping environment
解析：推理判断题。 由第一段第四句“The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause...”可推断出C项正确。
2．The first charity shop in the UK was set up to __D__.
A．sell cheap products B．deal with unwanted things
C．raise money for patients D．help a foreign country
解析：细节理解题。 由第二段第二、三句“The famous charity’s appeal to aid postwar Greece had been so successful...raise money for that appeal.”可知建立慈善商店是为了帮助希腊。 而从文章的第一段又知作者是英国人。故D项正确。
3．Which of the following is TRUE about charity shops？ __A__
A．The operating costs are very low.
B．The staff are usually well paid.
C．90% of the donations are second hand.
D．They are open twenty-four hours a day.
解析：细节理解题。 由第四段第一句“The shops have very low running costs...”可知A项正确。 由第三段第一句中的“volunteers”可排除B项；由第三段第二句可知C项不正确；由第三段最后一句可知D项不正确。
4．Which of the following may be the best title for the passage？ __C__
A．What to Buy in a Charity Shop
B．Charity Shop：Its Origin & Development
C．Charity Shop：Where You Buy to Donate
D．The Public’s Concern about Charity Shops
解析：标题判断题。文章讲述了慈善商店的成因、历史、发展等，只有C项全面表达了大意。A、B、D三项都很片面。
B
I had a very special teacher in high school many years ago whose husband unexpectedly died of a heart attack.About a week after his death, she shared some of her views with a classroom of students.
As the sunlight came in through the classroom windows and the class was nearly over, she moved a few things aside on the edge of her desk and sat down there.She paused and said, “Before class is over, I would like to share with all of you a thought that is unrelated to class, but which I feel is important.Each of us comes to this world to learn, share, love, appreciate and give.None of us knows when this fantastic experience will end.It can be taken away at any moment.”
Her eyes beginning to water, she went on：
“So I would like you all to make me a promise.From now on, on your way to school, or on your way home, find something beautiful to notice. It doesn’t have to be something you see. It could be a scent of freshly baked bread from someone’s house, or it could be the sound of the wind slightly rustling the leaves in the trees.”
The class was completely quiet.We all picked up our books and left the room silently.That afternoon, I noticed more things on my way home from school.
Take notice of something special you see on your way home today.Go barefoot on the beach at sunset.For as we get older, it is not the things we did that we often regret, but the things we didn’t do.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的老师在课堂上分享了她的人生态度，让学生珍惜人生中一些很平常的小事情。
5．What is the purpose of the author’s writing the passage？ __B__
A．To show his respect to his teacher.
B．To ask us to appreciate every moment of our life.
C．To ask us never to give in when facing difficulty.
D．To show the influence that a teacher has on her students.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Each of us comes to this world to learn，share，love，appreciate and give. None of us knows when this fantastic experience will end.It can be taken away at any moment.”可知B项正确。
6．Why did the teacher talk about something unrelated to class？ __D__
A．Because she had finished her class task.
B．Because she could hardly control her feeling.
C．Because she thought the class were not thoughtful enough.
D．Because she wanted to share some of her views with the class.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Before class is over，I would like to share with all of you a thought that is unrelated to class，but which I feel is important.”在课结束以前，我想和你们分享一个和上课没关系的观点，但我感觉很重要。可知选D。
7．What does the underlined word “scent” mean？ __A__
A．Smell． B．Piece.
C．Color. D．Taste.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句“It doesn’t have to be something you see.”可知，“scent”应指的是面包的“气味、味道”。故选A。
8．What do we learn from the last sentence？ __C__
A．We will be happy when we are old.
B．We will regret the mistakes that we made when we were young.
C．We will regret what we didn’t do though we might do it.
D．We will do what we couldn’t do in the past.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句当我们年老的时候，我们后悔的不是我们所做过的事，而是我们本来可以做却没去做的事。故选C。
Ⅱ．短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限1词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One day on my way to school, I went to buy the pancake in a food store, leave my bag on the table while waiting.With the pancake ready, and I paid for it, took “my bag” on the table, and hurriedly headed for school.Seating in the classroom, I was about to take my books out while suddenly I became frozen.It was not my bag！I took the bag for mistake! What surprised me most was there was a large sum of money in it.Calming me down, I turned to the teacher for help.At that time, I come to understand the true meaning of being honestly.
答案：
One day on my way to school, I went to buy pancake in a food store, my bag on the table while waiting.With the pancake ready, and I paid for it, took “my bag” on the table, and hurriedly headed for school. in the classroom, I was about to take my books out suddenly I became frozen.It was not my bag！I took the bag mistake! What surprised me most was there was a large sum of money in it.Calming /me down, I turned to the teacher for help.At that time, I to understand the true meaning of being .
解析：
1．考查冠词。此处pancake在文中第一次提到，故用不定冠词a表泛指。
2．考查非谓语动词。主语I和leave之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用leave的现在分词形式作状语。
3．考查连词。分析句子结构可知With the pancake ready作状语，I paid for it...为句子主干部分，故删去连词and。
4．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，seat和主语I之间是动宾关系，可用Seated，主语I和sit之间为主谓关系，也可用Sitting。
5．考查固定结构。be about to do...when...表示“正打算做某事，这时……”。
6．考查介词。by mistake是固定搭配，表示“错误地”。
7．考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，was后面为表语从句，表语从句中的that不能省略。
8．考查代词。在calm sb.down这一结构中，因为动词calm的动作对象为自身，故此处用反身代词myself，calm down也是固定搭配，故也可删去me。
9．考查时态。根据时间状语At that time可知这里应用一般过去时。
10．考查形容词。此处作be动词的表语，应用形容词形式。
Ⅲ．书面表达
假定你是李华，你校外教Mary女士近期准备回英国度假，为此你班同学准备开一个晚会为她送行。请你根据提示，用英语写一封e-mail，通知她相关情况。
1．对她的辛勤教学工作表示感谢。
2．晚会周日晚7：30开始，持续1个小时。
3．地点：高二(10)班教室。
4．活动：同学们一起唱英文歌，班长代表全班赠送鲜花和亲手制作的礼物。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ms Mary，
We hear that you’ll return to the United Kingdom on a holiday soon.All the class will miss you very much during your absence!
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Ms Mary，
We hear that you’ll return to the United Kingdom on a holiday soon. All the class will miss you very much during your absence！
Firstly，I’d like to express our gratitude for your excellent teaching in our school and your care and love for our class! So we’ve decided to have a farewell party this Sunday for you. The party will start at 7：30 on Sunday evening in the classroom of Class 10, Grade 2 and will probably last about an hour. All of the class hope that you can come to join us singing some English songs and have a good time together. At the end of the party, the monitor will present you some flowers and gifts, which are mostly made by ourselves.
We wish you a safe journey back home! We are also expecting you to come back to China.
Yours truly，
Li Hua
课件70张PPT。Unit 4 SharingSection Ⅲ Using Language自 主 预 习Ⅰ．单词速记
1． _____________ (n.)宇航员；太空人→ ______________ (n.)天文学家
→ ________________ (adj.)天文学的；天文的→ _____________ (n.)天文学
2． __________ (vt.)捐献→ ____________ (n.)捐赠→ ___________ (n.)捐赠者
3． _____________ (adj.)自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→ _____________ (n.)志愿者；义工
4． ____________ (vt.& n．)买；购买astronaut astronomer astronomical astronomy donate donation donator voluntary volunteer purchase
5． ________ (n.)种子；萌芽→ ____________ (n.)秧苗；树苗→ ____________ (adj.)无籽的；无核的
6． _______ (vi.)(用针线)缝 (vt.)缝制；缝合→ __________ (n.)缝纫
7． __________ (n.)裁缝 (vt.)剪裁；缝制(衣服)
8． _____________ (adj.)政治的；政党的→ ____________ (n.)政治；政治事务→ ______________ (n.)政治家；从政者→ _______________ (adv.)政治上
seed seedling seedless sew sewing tailor political politics politician politically
9． ______________ (vt.)分配；分发→ ________________ (n.)分配；分布→ _______________ (adj.)经销的；分销的→ ______________ (n.)经销商；分销商
10． ____________ (n.)安全；保护；保障→ __________ (adj.)安全的→ __________ (v.)保护；系住
11． ___________ (vi.)工作；运转；做手术(vt.)操作→ _____________ (n.)操作，运转，经营；手术→ ____________ (n.)接线员；操作员
12． __________ (n.)门诊部；小诊所→ ____________ (adj.)临床的；临床诊断的distribute distribution distributive distributor security secure secure operate operation operator clinic clinical Ⅱ．短语互译
1．not...but... ____________________
2．make contributions/a contribution to... __________________
3．在困难中 __________
4．缝纫机 _________________
5．挨饿 ____________
6．照料，照顾 __________________
7．把……加入…… _____________________ 不是……而是……
对……作出贡献
in need
sewing machine
go hungry
care for
add...to...
Ⅲ．课文理解
First 略读主旨
What’s the purpose of the Internet page?
_________________________________________________
To let people give an unusual gift to the poor people.
Second 品读细节
1．The gifts you give are _____.
A．something your loved one keeps
B．some beautiful cards
C．something really needed by the poor people
D．some lovely toys and fashionable clothes
C 2．In the Internet Page，a card will be given to you when you _____.
A．purchase something in a shop
B．ask for it from poor children
C．buy something from the catalogue for someone in need
D．come to India
3．When you want to give child vaccinations against 6 killer diseases，you must send _____.
A．$50 B．$20
C．$8 D．$85C B
4．How much are the cheapest gifts？ ______
A．$8. B．$10.
C．$15. D．$5.
5．You can use the cards for the following occasions EXCEPT _____.
A．anniversaries B．birthdays
C．burials D．weddings
D C
Third 精读语篇
If you would like to 1. __________ (donation)an unusual gift，this is the 2. _____________ (catalogue)for you.The gift you give is a 3. _____________ (volunteer) contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
There are many things in the catalogue，like tree seedlings，a 4. __________ (sew) machine，and village 5. ___________ (tractor)．Choose 6. ________ this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world’s poorest and bring hope for 7. ______ better future to a community 8. __________ need.donate catalogue voluntary sewing tractor from a in need When you 9. ____________ (purchase)an item，we will send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person.You can use the cards for any special occasion—weddings，births，birthdays，Christmas or 10. _________________ (anniversary)，etc.
purchase anniversaries Fourth 研读难句
1．She was dying to see him again but what if he didn’t want to see her?
句式：what if...？＝what would happen if要是……会怎么样呢？
仿写：火车要是晚点会怎么样呢？
_________________________________
2．...for children who would otherwise have no opportunity to attend school.
句式：would otherwise do...虚拟句型，“否则会……”。
仿写：他很穷，否则他会帮助你的。
______________________________________________ What if the train is late？ He is poor.He would otherwise help you. 合 作 探 究①The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.
这个商人捐给医院很多钱。
②She donated her books to the library.
她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。重 点 词 汇1．donate vt.捐赠donate sth.to sb./sth.向某人/事捐献某物
donation n．捐献，捐赠；捐款
give/make/present a donation to...捐赠给……
send a donation to...把捐款寄至……
donator n．捐赠者，赠送者
contribute sth.to...向……捐献某物单句语法填空
①Many people _______________ (donate)that type of blood; however,the blood bank needs more.
②Two lawyers have donated $ 50,000 _____________ (sponsor) our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”．
③The retired man donated most of his savings ______ the school damaged by the earthquake.
④They are now appealing to the public for ____________ (donate)to the homeless.have donated to sponsor to donation She is a voluntary helper.
她是自愿帮忙的。2．voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的be voluntary to do sth.自愿做……
volunteer n．志愿者 v．自愿；志愿做
volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事
voluntarily adv.自愿地
The doctor was voluntary to settle down in the poor village.
这位医生自愿在这个穷村安家落户。单句语法填空
①He spent his life ________________ (volunteer)to help the people in need.
②She does a lot of _____________ (volunteer)work for the Red Cross.
③ _____________ (volunteer)or，if you can，contribute a little money to a cause. Whatever you do，don’t be a bystander.Get involved.
完成句子
④我想我最好自愿去唱第一首歌。
I guess I’d better ___________________ the first song.volunteering voluntary Volunteer volunteer to sing ①I have some purchases to make in town.
我要去城里买些东西。
②They began to regret the purchase of such a large house.
他们开始后悔买了这么大的一所房子。3．purchase vt.& n．买；购买make a purchase买东西
purchase sth.from sb.向某人购买某物
purchasing power购买力
purchase and sale买卖
purchase price买价
make a purchase采购on special purchase特价购买
purchasable adj.可买到的；可买的
purchasing n．购买；采购
purchaser n．购买人；采购人员；买主
提示：purchase可作动词，指“购买；努力取得；换得”；也可作名词，指“购买；购得物”。purchase比buy正式。单句语法填空
①Many commercial websites have a red “Buy Now” button in order to encourage people to make ______ purchase.
②The _____________ (purchase) said he couldn’t find the material his company needed.
③Sometimes those precious jewels are not _______________ (purchase)．a purchaser purchasable ①It is the 30th anniversary of our school today.
今天是我们学校建校30周年纪念日。
②They are going to celebrate their wedding anniversary at the seaside.
他们要在海边庆祝结婚纪念日。4．anniversary n．周年纪念日anniversary/memoryHe made an important speech on the anniversary of Dr Sun Yat-sen’s birth.
在孙中山诞辰纪念日上，他做了一次重要演讲。
I have happy memories of my school.
我对我们学校有着幸福的回忆。完成句子
In memory of Qu Yuan，dragon-boat races are held on the _______________ of his death.
为了纪念屈原，在他的祭日举行龙舟竞赛。anniversary ①Brazil has a very unequal distribution of income and wealth.
巴西的收入和财富分配很不均匀。
②They aren’t satisfied with the unfair distribution of wealth.
他们对财富分配不公不满意。5．distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态distribute vt.分配；分发
distribute sth.to/among把某物分给/发给……
This paper is distributed free.
这份报纸免费发放。
The money was distributed among the schools in this area.
这笔钱在这个地区的学校中分配。distribute/divideHe divided the watermelon into 10 parts and distributed them to 10 children.
他把这个西瓜切成10分，并把它们分给了10个孩子。He divided the apple into 3 parts and distributed them to 3 children.
他把苹果分成3份，并把它们分给了3个孩子。单句语法填空
①(2019·甘肃兰州一中期中)At present,the ________________ (distribute)of profits cannot satisfy most of the people.
②The instruments Abigail collected were then donated to groups that distribute them _____________ kids who can’t afford to buy them.
③The order came that free food ___________________________ (distribute)at once.distribution to/among (should)be distributed
完成句子
④The kind of plants _________________________ all over the country.
这种植物在全国各地分布广泛。
⑤The teachers will ________________________ children every afternoon.
每天下午，老师都会给孩子们发水果。has a wide distribution distribute fruits among/to ①His company operates in several countries.
他的公司在几个国家有业务活动。
②What skills are needed to operate this machine?
操作这台机器需要什么技能？
③Can you operate a sewing machine?
你会使用缝纫机吗？
④The medicine operated quickly.
这药很快就起作用了。6．operate vi.工作；运转 vt.操作operator n．操作人员；电话员
operation n．[C]手术[U]操作
bring/put into operation实施；使生效；使运行
come/go into operation开始运转；开始生效
①The new power station has already come into operation.
这个新的发电站已经开始运转。
②The young doctor performed the heart operation.
这位年轻医生为病人做了心脏手术。
③The law will be put into operation next month.
这部法律下月开始生效。单句语法填空
①We will have to operate ______ his eyes.
②This is a new model machine which is very easy _____________ (operate)．
③Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in _____________ (operate)．
on to operate operation
单句改错
④Bethune was operating the leg of the last wounded soldier.
___________________
⑤He will perform an operation on her to her diseased lung.
_____________
完成句子
⑥新法律将于明日午夜生效。
The new law _________________________ by midnight tomorrow.operating后加on on改为for will come into operation Please call the police when you are in need.
有困难请找警察。
in need of需要某物
I’m in need of some fresh air.
我需要一些新鲜的空气。重 点 短 语in need在困难中；在危急中注意：in need表示在危急中 in need of指需要某物
We collected money for those people in need in earthquake-stricken areas who were in need of lots of tents.
我们筹集资金帮助地震灾区的灾民，他们需要大量帐篷。
be in need of sth.需要
at one’s need在某人困难时
satisfy/meet one’s need满足某人需要
There is no need to do sth.没必要做某事
①As we all know，everyone in the world has the need for affection.
我们都知道，每个人都需要爱。
②He gave me help at my need.
他在我困难时给予我帮助。“in＋名词”类短语一直是最活跃的短语之一，它或者表示状语，或者表示方式。与in need同类的短语还有：
in difficulty处在困难中 in debt负债
in sight看得见 in order整齐地
in doubt怀疑 in battle在战争中
in danger处在危险中 in fun开玩笑
in peace安详地 in public公开地
in comfort舒适地Although Tom was deeply in debt，he never lost heart and decided to pay off all his debts.
虽然汤姆负债累累，但他从不灰心，下决心偿还所有的债务。补全句子
①Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students ____________ (需要)financial aid.
②患难见真情。
A friend __________ is a friend indeed.
③The other day we ________________ (处在危险中)in a storm.Finally we had to abandon our ship.
④Tom likes _____________________________ (公开地取笑别人)，for which he is often scolded by his parents.in need of in need were in danger making fun of others in public
变式训练
⑤The house is in need of a thorough clean.
＝The house needs ______________________.
⑥There’s an urgent need for teachers in this city.
＝This city is ______ urgent __________ teachers.cleaning thoroughly in need of 经 典 句 式1．The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。本句中not...but...连接两个平行成分，意思是“不是……，而是……”。you give是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰gift; your loved one keeps是省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰something; who really need it是定语从句，修饰people。句中not...but...连接两个表语。注意当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则。如：
①I’m not a student but a teacher.
我不是学生而是老师。
②He does not work but play all day.
他整天不学习只是玩耍。提示：not only...but(also)，either...or...，neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就近一致”原则确定。as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就前一致”原则确定。
①Not he but you are wanted on the telephone.
电话找的是你不是他。
②Rose as well as her friends was invited to Ann’s twentieth birthday party.
罗斯和她的朋友应邀参加安二十岁的生日晚宴。单句语法填空
①Not the students but the teacher ___________ (be)wrong.
②Not your appearance _______ your skills have attracted the local people.
完成句子
③她不是在玩电脑游戏，而是在吃巧克力。
She is _______ playing computer games _______ eating chocolate.
④他现在正在住院，是他爸爸而不是他妈妈在照顾他。
_______ his mother but his father _______________ him when he is in hospital now.is/was but not but Not takes care of 本句是一个简单句，现在分词短语going hungry和providing for themselves均作定语修饰其前的名词families。英语中现在分词和动名词都可以用作定语，但现在分词作定语时，是它所修饰的名词所发出的动作，和此名词之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句；而动名词作定语时，是用来说明其所修饰的名词的功能、性质、作用等，相当于一个“for”短语。如：2．Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sickness and health，between families going hungry and families providing for themselves.
仅仅提高20%的产量，就意味着会让很多人远离疾病，拥有健康，让许多家庭不再忍受饥饿的折磨，能够自力更生。①a swimming fish＝a fish which is swimming(现在分词) 一条游泳的鱼
→a swimming pool＝a pool for swimming(动名词) 一个游泳池
②a walking man＝a man who is walking(现在分词) 一个正在行走的人
→a walking stick＝a stick for walking(动名词) 一根拐杖
③a sleeping cat＝a cat which is sleeping(现在分词) 一只睡觉的猫
→a sleeping car＝a car for sleeping(动名词) 一节卧车车厢
④a writing girl＝a girl who is writing(现在分词) 一个在写字的女孩
→some writing paper＝some paper for writing(动名词) 一些书写纸
⑤a standing tree＝a tree which stands(there)(现在分词) 一棵参天大树
→standing room＝room for standing(动名词) 立足之地单句语法填空
①The kid ____________ (stand)over there is my brother.
②There is nothing _______________ (interest)．
③The first textbook ___________ (write)for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
④The room __________ (face)south is our classroom.standing interesting written facing 此句型属于“sb./sth.＋be＋adj./n.(＋for sb.)＋to do”结构，其中不定式与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，这时不定式要符合两个条件：(1)主动形式表示被动意义；(2)其中的动词须为及物动词，若为不及物动词，须加相应的介词。3．They are easy and fun for children to care for.
孩子们照看它们既轻松又有趣。①The book is difficult(for me) to understand.
这本书(对我来说)很难懂。
②The car is very comfortable to ride in.
这种车很好坐。该结构中的形容词须是表示主语的特征或性质的形容词，常见的词有interesting，easy，difficult，nice，good，expensive，cheap，heavy，light，important，impossible，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，fit等。句型转换
①It is bitter to taste the coffee.
→The coffee ___________________.
②It is easy for children to understand the film.
→The film is easy ____________________________.
③It is heavy for the old man to carry the box.
→The box is heavy ________________________.is bitter to taste for children to understand for the old man to carry
完成句子
④The armchair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very _____________________.
这个扶手椅看起来很硬，但是坐上去很舒服。
⑤The work _______________________ in such a short time.
我们在那么短的时间内完成这项工作很难。comfortable to sit in is hard for us to finish 写 作 探 究记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容，以记叙、描写为主要表达方式的一种文体，通常分为三类：
1．以人物为主的记叙文，即以人物为中心组织材料，围绕这个人物来写一件事或两件事。
2．以事件为主的记叙文，即以事件为中心组织材料，围绕中心事件，可以写一个人或几个人。
3．以写景状物为主的记叙文。
应注意的是，在一篇记叙文中，写人、写景、写事往往是交织在一起的，不可截然分开，但各有侧重。如何写好一篇记叙文
写记叙文通常应遵循以下几点：
1．交代要素，即人、时、地、事。
2．按事件发生的先后顺序叙述，做到完整具体。
3．重点突出，目的明确，不要玩弄辞藻，讲清言明即可。
写作时还要注意，用第一人称时主要是本人的经历或耳闻目睹之事；用第三人称时则主要是他人的经历和事情。记叙文所记的都是过去发生的事，所以原则上通常都用过去时态写，但有时也用历史现在时和戏剧现在时。
Ⅰ．常用句式
1．He was born in China on Nov.13,1968.
2．He was a great man with the name of...
3．He was born into a poor family.
4．When at college，he majored in history.
5．He is interested in music.
6．His favourite sport is playing football.
7．He devotes himself to achieving his life goal.
8．He has made great contributions to our country.
Ⅱ．典题透析
假如你是红星中学高二一班的学生。3月5日是学雷锋日，你班组织了一次志愿活动。请根据下面四幅图所提供的活动内容和过程写一篇英文短文，为你校校刊英语专栏投稿。注意：词数100左右。
参考词汇：养老院nursing home
[写作步骤1 搜索词汇]
1．志愿的 _____________
2．为了纪念 ______________
3．演出 _______________
4．玩得高兴 _________________
5．在困境中 __________ voluntary
in memory of
performance
have a good time
in need
[写作步骤2 巧用句型]
1．一到那里，我们首先进行了一次彻底地大扫除。
① ______________________，we first did a thorough cleaning.
② __________________ ，we first did a thorough cleaning.
(upon＋n.)
As soon as we got there Upon our arrival
2．一些人扫地、拖地，另一些擦窗户和洗衣服。
①Some swept and mopped the floor. ________________________________ _________________.
②Some swept and mopped the floor ___________________________________ _________________.
(while引导的并列句)
3．我们也意识到我们可以使自己对那些处于困境中的人有用。
We also realize that we can make ourselves useful to _______________.The others cleaned the windows and did some washing while the others cleaned the windows and did some washing those in need
[写作步骤3 连句成篇]
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Our class planned to organize a voluntary activity on March 5th in memory of Lei Feng. After a heated discussion,we decided to get to a nursing home to do something for the elderly.
On March 5th,we set out early in the morning. Upon our arrival,we first did a thorough cleaning. Some swept and mopped the floor while the others cleaned the windows and did some washing.In addition,we gave wonderful performances for the elderly and taught them some daily English expressions.All the elderly had a good time with us.
We’ve really learned a lot from the experience.We also realize that we can make ourselves useful to those in need.
