Unit 4 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He made a quick adaptation (适应) to the new environment.
2．The caption (说明书) is not easily understandable.
3．He recommended me a classic (经典的) book on Buddhism.
4．Mr.Black was still hesitating (犹豫) over whether to leave or not.
5．When fortune (运气)smiled on him，he made the most of it.
6．She knew that society would condemn (谴责) her for abandoning her children.
7．He warned his friend not to betray (泄露) the secret to anyone else.
8．We can't judge a person on such short acquaintance (认识)．
9．The little girl feels uncomfortable (不自在的) with strangers.
10．Her remarks (评论) on the employment question led to a heated discussion.
Ⅱ.选词填空
in all directions， betray oneself， generally speaking， hand over， in terms of， make the acquaintance of， a handful of， be mistaken about， pass off...as...，hold up
1． In terms of his own situation, he has to give up this chance.
2． Generally speaking , we have much work to do every day.
3．He passed off himself as a policeman to cheat.
4．The manager had handed over all his work to his successor before he left his office.
5．Don't be mistaken about the man, and he just wanted to offer a hand.
6．You can't make the acquaintance of the stranger on purpose.
7．We invited twenty people, but only a handful of them came.
8．In the dry weather, once the fire breaks out, it will spread in all directions quickly.
9．The tourist guide held up his little flag and waved it to attract our attention.
10. He has a heavy accent, and once he opens his mouth, he betrays himself .
Ⅲ.单句改错
1. The little boy made adaptation to his new school finally.
adaptation前加an
2. Now there are many young men in our society dreaming of making fortune without hard work.
fortune前加a
3．Do not hesitate tell us if you have a problem.
hesitate后加to
4．What he said at the meeting was of great valuable.
valuable→value
5．I did not condemn him on what he had done.
on→for
6．Some lazy persons usually pass off themselves of disabled ones to get help from others.
of→as
7. We adapted us quickly to life in Paris.
us→ourselves
8．General speaking, men are stronger than women.
General→Generally
Unit 4 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The play is an adaptation (改编本) of a short novel.
2. Interest in classic (古典的) music has revived recently.
3．The plot (情节) of the novel is well laid out.
4．The little boy rounded his lips to whistle (吹口哨)．
5．This woollen (毛纺的) sweater may keep you warm in winter.
6．The boy felt uncomfortable (不舒服的) with his new classmates.
7. His wallet (钱包) is stolen from his back pocket.
8．The author seems to be a brilliant (才华横溢的) young man.
9. If you say such a thing, you will betray (显露出本来面目) yourself.
10. This part of town is where the upper (较高的) class live.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．Anybody can work out (计算出) that simple math problem.
2．The explosion sent us running in all directions (朝四面八方)．
3．Students should make notes (记笔记) in class.
4．He held up (举起) his hand in amazement.
5．I had to get out of that house in disguise (伪装)．
6．The motorist's name and address were taken down (记下) by the policeman.
7． Hand over (交上) your exercises the day after tomorrow.
8．I am delighted to make your acquaintance (结识你)．
9． Generally speaking (一般来说)，all of us respect our parents.
10． In terms of (就……来说) money，he's quite rich；but not happiness.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I remember receiving my favorite bear for Christmas one year when I was little.This event always 1.B in my mind over the years and I believe that part of this memory is because of a
2.D that I asked of my parents.You see, our family was quite large and there always wasn't a lot of money to buy a lot for each child at Christmas.But，we 3.C went without anything.So, on this 4.A Christmas morning, I was lucky enough to get a bear—one that I had 5.D sometime ago and told my parents how much I liked it.And, that bear was 6.B what I got.
After all my siblings had 7.C opening their gifts，I noticed, I guess for the first time, that my parents didn't have any gifts to open at all.So, I 8.A my mother, and asked，“ Mom, where are yours and Dad's gifts？”
She looked at me for a moment and then simply said，“ We would rather you kids have 9.D —we don't need anything except 10.B of you are right here with us.” 11.A , as a child, I did not really 12.C her answer but as the years passed and especially as a (n) 13.B , I know exactly what she meant.
Throughout life, there are many 14.D that cross back into our consciousness.Some of these memories 15.C to provide us with a guiding light to how we behave and react, some memories appear as a fog without anything 16.B at all.The memory of that bear, however, always 17.A my thinking about giving to others and not expecting or wanting anything
18.D .
A great part of life is, in my mind, to 19.B good memories for others and, at the same time, the creation of these memories for others makes me feel 20.C and brings a special meaning to what life should be.
文章大意：在圣诞节，作者看到父母没有礼物，于是就询问为什么，母亲的答复是：你们就是我最好的礼物。小时候的这一幕成为作者生活中的指路明灯。
1．A．happened B．stuck
C．struggled D．disappeared
解析：根据首句“I remember receiving my favorite bear for Christmas one year when I was little.”可知，这个事件留在(stuck)了作者的脑海里。
2．A．problem B．suggestion
C．discovery D．question
解析：联系第二段最后的“Mom，where are yours and Dad's gifts？”说明是因为作者询问的一个问题(question)。
3．A．always B．often
C．never D．usually
解析：结合下文中的“After all my siblings had 7 opening their gifts”可知，孩子们从来都没有(never)得不到礼物。
4．A．particular B．general
C．ordinary D．curious
解析：作者得到了自己心仪已久的熊，所以是一个特别的(particular)圣诞节的早晨。
5．A．offered B．bought
C．accepted D．spied
解析：这个小熊是作者好久以前就看好(spied)的，所以得到它感到很幸运。
6．A．even B．just
C．also D．still
解析：作者曾经告诉父母喜欢那个小熊，所以说它正好(just)是作者想得到的。
7．A．admitted B．avoided
C．finished D．delayed
解析：根据下文中的“I noticed，I guess for the first time，that my parents didn't have any gifts to open at all.”可知，作者他们已经打开了礼物。选项中finished是“完成”之意。
8．A．turned to B．lived with
C．calmed down D．depended on
解析：看到父母没有礼物打开，所以转向(turned to)妈妈询问。
9．A．telephones B．photographs
C．books D．gifts
解析：根据上文的“After all my siblings had 7 opening their gifts”可知，此处指孩子们都有礼物(gifts)。
10．A．some B．all
C．many D．most
解析：联系第二段第一句可知，父母不需要任何东西，只要孩子们都(all)在场。
11．A．Obviously B．Fortunately
C．Interestingly D．Hopefully
解析：作者当时还是一个孩子，所以很明显(obviously)不明白这种回答。
12．A．believe B．realize
C．understand D．remember
解析：下文的“but as the years passed and especially as a(n) 13 ，I know exactly what she meant”说明当时作者并不明白(understand)。
13．A．teacher B．parent
C．driver D．officer
解析：许多年过去了，结合家庭关系，再联系生活常识可知，此处指作为父母或者家长(parent)。
14．A．messages B．promises
C．evidences D．memories
解析：根据下文的“Some of these memories”可知，我们都有许多回忆(memories)会划过我们的意识。
15．A．agree B．manage
C．serve D．hesitate
解析：有些回忆起着指导我们的行为和举止的作用。
16．A．harmful B．meaningful
C．powerful D．successful
解析：和前句的意思进行比较，可以推知此处指有意义的(meaningful)事情。
17．A．guides B．removes
C．control D．preserve
解析：联系上文中的“Some of these memories 15 to provide us with a guiding light to how we behave and react”可知，那只熊的记忆指导(guides)着作者后来的思想方向。
18．A．in order B．in relief
C．in silence D．in return
解析：这个记忆指导作者总是想着给予别人，且不求回报(in return)。
19．A．collect B．create
C．value D．search
解析：根据下文中的“the creation of these memories”可知，作者生活中很大的一部分是创造(create)美好的记忆。
20．A．luckier B．stronger
C．happier D．cleverer
解析：联系上文中的“good memories”等语境，说明创造这些美好的回忆能使作者感到更高兴(happier)。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
(2019·浙江卷)
Money_with_no_strings_attached.It's not something you see every day.But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month，a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read，“Give What You Can，Take What You Need.”
People quickly caught on.And while many took dollars，many others pinned their own cash to the board.“People of all ages，races，and socio-economic (社会经济的) backgrounds gave and took，” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox，which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.” Most of the bills on the board were singles，but a few people left fives，tens and even twenties.The video clip (片段) shows one man who had found a $20 bill pinning it to the board.
“What I can say for the folks that gave the most，is that they were full of smiles，” Bridges said.“There's a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.” Most people who took dollars took only a few，but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign，Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy.He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
“After all，everyone has bad days and good days，” he said. “Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要向读者介绍了Tyler Bridges创办的一项“尽你所能，取你所需”的活动。这一活动吸引了许多不同的人，其唯一目的就是展现人们的慷慨和同情心。结果显示，人们付出的多，获取的少，达到了预期效果。
1．What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean？ C
A．Money spent without hesitation.
B．Money not legally made.
C．Money offered without conditions.
D．Money not tied together.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Give What You Can，Take What You Need.(尽你所能，取你所需)”可知，此处money with no strings attached的意思应该是“无条件提供钱”，故C项正确。
2．What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride？ B
A．Women tended to be more sociable.
B．The activity attracted various people.
C．Economic problems were getting worse.
D．Young couples needed financial assistance.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘People of all ages，races，and socio-economic backgrounds gave and took，’．..” 可知，这项活动吸引了不同年龄、不同种族、不同社会经济背景的人们，甚至有一位穿礼服的新娘都来拿了几美元。提到这位新娘的目的，显然是告诉我们：这项活动吸引了许多不同的人，故B项正确。
3．Why did Bridges carry out the project？ D
A．To do a test on people's morals.
B．To raise money for his company.
C．To earn himself a good reputation.
D．To promote kindness and sympathy.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“...Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy.”可知，Bridges开展该项活动的目的是展现人们的慷慨和同情心，故选D项。
Ⅴ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question：“Should I jump？”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. 1.G Like the child on the diving board，you will stay undecided.
2.B More than that，how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal？First，you need to evaluate yourself，your values，your strengths，your weaknesses，your achievements，your desires，etc. Only then should you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.This is quite important，because it is directly related to your commitment.There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3.A So，slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment.Clarity(清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives，keeping in mind your beliefs，values and strengths.Remember that goals are flexible. 4.E They also need to be measurable.You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important.For example，you may want to be a pilot but can't become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 5.C You should reassess your goals，and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties，some planned，but most unplanned.You cannot overcome them without ample motivation.Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A．This can affect your work.
B．So how should you motivate yourself?
C．However，this should not discourage you.
D．So why should we try to set specific goals?
E．They can change according to circumstances.
F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G．Without motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了激发动力的方法：要对自己有正确的评价；需要判断你的动机的质量和深度；设定现实的目标。
解析：
1．词汇锁定法解题。空格前有“motivation and goal setting”，而且说它们是同一枚硬币的两面，缺一不可，由此可知此处讲动力与设定目标的关系，故G项“没有动力，你既不能设定目标也不能实现它。”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
2．关联逻辑法解题。根据空格后的“更进一步说，你如何保持动力达到目标？”可知，空格处为比此句层次稍浅的提问，B项“那么你应如何激励自己？”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
3．关联逻辑法解题。空前说，有时候你的心思不在工作上，这样会导致“影响你的工作”的结果，故选A。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
4．词汇锁定法解题。根据空格前的“goals are flexible”可知，目标是灵活的，故E项“它们可以根据情况而改变。”与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
5．关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前举的例子，想当飞行员，但视力不够好，你不能因为视力不够好就泄气了，你得把自己当飞行员的目标换一下，重新设定一个目标，选项C“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
课件89张PPT。Unit 4 PygmalionSection Ⅰ Warming up；Pre-reading，Reading & Comprehending自 主 预 习Ⅰ.单词速记
1．__________(n.)情节；阴谋
2．__________(vi.)吹口哨；发出汽笛声 (n.)口哨声； 汽笛声
3．__________(n.)皮夹； 钱包
4．__________(adj.)光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的
5．__________(vt.)把……分类；把……归类
6．__________(n)谈论；言论；评述 (vt.& vi)谈论；评论；说起
7．__________(vt.)谴责；使……注定
8．__________(n.)身份；地位；职位
9．adapt (vt.)改编；使适应→__________ (n.)适应(性)；改编本plot whistle wallet brilliant classify remark condemn status adaptation 10．wool (n.)毛线；绒线→__________ (adj.) 毛纺的；纯毛的
11．uncomfortable (adj.) 不舒服的；不安的；不自在的→_____________ (adv.)不舒服地；不自在地
12．hesitate (vi.) 犹豫；踌躇→__________(n.)踌躇
13．trouble (n.)麻烦→__________ (adj.)带来麻烦的；使人心烦的
14．proper (adj.)适当的；恰当的→__________ (adv.)适当地；恰当地
15．mistake (n.) 错误→__________ (adj.)(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的woolen uncomfortably hesitation troublesome properly mistaken Ⅱ.短语互译
1．(把某人)改变或冒充成 ______________
2．结识；与……相见______________________
3．一般来说 __________________
4．就……来说；从……角度__________
5．in all directions __________
6．hand over __________
7．a handful of______________
8．in disguise _____________________
9．in amazement__________pass...off as... make one's acquaintance generally speaking in terms of 朝四面八方 交出；移交 少数(人或物) 伪装(的)；假扮(的) 震惊；惊讶 Ⅲ.课文理解
First 略读主旨
1．This text is mainly about the first experience of Eliza meeting with __________.
A．Professor Higgins
B．Colonel Pickering
C．Professor Higgins and Colonel Pickering
D．a gentlemanC2．Choose adjectives to describe each character in the play.
(1)Eliza Doolittle __________ A．impatient，rude，confident，
superior，self-important
(2)Henry Higgins __________ B．kind，polite，generous，
enthusiastic，eager，confident
(3)Colonel Pickering __________ C．anxious，eager，emotional
ambitious，unsureCABSecond 细读细节
1．What did Higgins take down on his notebook？__________
A．He wrote down what the girl said.
B．He wanted to tell the police what he had seen.
C．He took down the weather.
D．He was writing a diary.A2．Eliza greeted the gentleman in order to __________.
A．ask him to buy some flowers from her
B．talk with him
C．ask him to teach her
D．beg some money from him
3．Why did Eliza begin to cry? Because __________.
A．she thought Professor Higgins would arrest her
B．the gentleman didn't give her some money
C．Pickering beat and scolded her
D．there was no reasonAA4．Professor Higgins believed that he could judge a person by __________.
A．his appearance B．his action
C．his conversation D．his manners
5．From the text, we can infer that Professor Higgins is a man described below EXCEPT __________.
A．he doesn't care about money
B．he is an expert in phonetics
C．he is proud
D．he is greedyCDThird 精读语篇
Act One of Pygmalion tells us how the main characters of this play, Eliza Doolittle, Professor Higgins and Colonel Pickering had their 1.__________ (fate) meetings while sheltering/hiding from a heavy rain 2.__________ a theatre in London, England in 1914.
Eliza Doolittle was a poor flower girl.When she tried 3.__________ (sell) her flowers to a gentleman, her terrible English caught Professor Higgins' attention.Professor Higgins, 4.__________ expert in phonetics, could place a person by his/her 5.__________(remark)．He 6.__________ (convince) that the quality of a person's English decides his/her social position. fateful outside to sell an remarks convinced educated as himself of Fourth 研读难句
1．A man is hiding from the rain listening to people's language and watching their reactions.
分析：本句的主干是A man is hiding from the rain，主语为__________。____________________________和____________________________是两个并列的状语。
译文：____________________________________________________A man listening to people's language watching their reactions 有一位男士在躲雨，边听人们谈话，边观察着人们的反应。 附近一个穿着黑色衣裙围着羊毛围巾的卖花姑娘也在躲雨。 3．I can place any spoken conversation within six miles，and even within two streets in London sometimes.
分析：本句为简单句，主干为__________________________________。__________________和___________________________________是两个并列的状语。其中__________用作动词，表示“识别，辨认”。
译文：__________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________I can place any spoken conversation within six miles within two streets in London sometimes place 我可以根据任何的口语对话判定一个人来自何地，差距不会超过 六英里，有时候在伦敦甚至不超过两个街区。 但是，他们每次开口说话时都会暴露自己。 但是，先生，(高傲地)一旦她接受教导，学会正确地说话，这个 女孩子可以在三个月内成功扮演使馆花园宴会的女公爵。 合 作 探 究①The TV play is an adaptation of a novel.
这部电视剧是由一部小说改编的。
②The book described the adaptation of desert species to the hot conditions.
这本书描绘了沙漠物种对炎热环境的适应。1．adaptation n. 改编(本)；适应(性)重 点 词 汇(1)make an adaptation to 适应……
(2)adapt v．(使)适应；(使)适合
vt. 改编，修改
adapt (oneself) to...适应……
adapt...for 为……改编
adapt sth.into...把……改编成……
adapt sth.from...由……改编……
①This novel has been adapted for radio.
这部小说已被改编成无线电广播节目。
②Successful businesses are highly adaptable to economic change.
成功的企业对于经济转变的适应能力很强。单句语法填空
①Disney has picked Chinese actress Liu Yifei to play Mulan in an upcoming film.The __________(adapt)of the 1998 cartoon movie will tell a story of the well-known Chinese heroine Hua Mulan.
②It was the culture，rather than the language，__________ made it hard for him to adapt __________ the new environment abroad.
③The director was fully convinced that this moving story，if adapted __________ a film，would be a hit.adaptation that to for ④It is not the strongest of the species that survives，nor the most intelligent survives.It is the one that is most __________(adapt) to changes.
解析：句意：不是最强的物种，也不是最聪明的物种能生存下来，而是最能适应变化的。adaptable ①Don't hesitate about that.Do it at once!
关于此事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧！
②I didn't hesitate for a moment about taking the job.
我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。2．hesitate vi. 犹豫；踌躇She hesitates to jump.
她犹豫着该不该跳。单句语法填空
①Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without __________ (hesitate)．
解析：考查名词。句意：第二，我们必须能够自信而又毫不犹豫地把它正确讲出来。without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”，为固定搭配，并且without为介词，后跟名词形式。hesitation ②He __________ (hesitate) before he answered because he didn't know what to say.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：因为他不知道说什么所以在回答前他犹豫了。从句时态均为一般过去时，由此可知主句也用一般过去时。
③Seeing that the drowning child was struggling in the icy water, the soldier dived into the river without __________ (hesitate), regardless of his own safety.
解析：考查名词。句意：看到溺水的孩子正在冰冷的水中挣扎，这位战士毫不犹豫地就跳进河中，不顾自身安危。without为介词，后接名词形式，without hesitation“毫不犹豫地”。hesitated hesitation ④A few students hesitated __________ (start)．
解析：考查不定式。句意：几个学生犹豫不决地开始了。hesitate to do sth.意为“做某事犹豫不决”，故用不定式作宾语。to start If I'm not mistaken, that's the man we saw on the bus.
要是我没认错人的话，我们在公共汽车上看见的就是那个男子。3．mistaken adj. (见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的be mistaken about...对……持错误的见解
mistake...for...把……错认为……
mistake sb./sth.误解/误会某人/某事
mistake n. 错误
by mistake 错误地
①He is mistaken about happiness.
他对幸福持有错误的见解。
②This time we find that the bees mistake red for dark grey or black.
这时我们发现，蜜蜂错把红色当成深灰色或黑色。
③I hope you will forgive me for opening your letter by mistake.
我误拆了您的信，期望您原谅。单句语法填空
①In fact, he mistook friendship __________ love.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ改编)Congratulations! But I think someone was __________ (mistake)．
③—I'm sorry for taking your book __________ mistake.
—It doesn't matter.
④Mr Smith，I should tell you this is the fifth time you have mistaken me __________ my twin sister.
⑤You are likely to be mistaken __________ Peter.Why not make an apology to him?for mistaken by for about ①The books in the library are classified by subject.
图书馆的书是按科目分类的。
②We can classify these titles into three headings.
我们可以将这些题目加以分类成三个主题。
③The government classified such people as middle peasants.
政府把这样的人归类为中等农民。4．classify vt. 编排；分类；归类be classified into被分成…… be classified as被划分为……
classified adj. 分类的；归类的 classification n．[U]分类；分级 [C]类别；等级单句语法填空
①We usually classify types of character __________ good or bad.
②These children have been classified __________ three groups.
③Hotels within this _____________ (classify) offer good services.as into classification 常用表达：make a remark/remarks on/about 就……发表意见；对……评头品足
make no remark 什么也不说；不加评论
remark that 评论……
remark on/upon 谈论/评论……
①He made a number of rude remarks about the food here.
关于这里的食物他做了许多无礼的评论。5．remark n. 谈论；言论；评述 vt.& vi. 谈论；评论；说起②A local newspaper remarked that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law.
一家地方报纸评论说由于强有力的法律措施，车祸在减少。
③Prof.Smith remarked on the difference between the two dictionaries.
史密斯教授谈到了这两本词典的不同之处。remarkable adj. 引人注目的；不寻常的；非凡的
pass remarks about/at sb.议论某人单句语法填空
①It's rude to make a remark __________ the appearance of other people.
解析：make a remark on/about为固定搭配。
②The judges remarked __________ the high standard of entries for the competition.
③Jiu Zhaigou is remarkable __________ its beautiful scenery.
④As we can see in Amazing China，China has made __________(remark) achievements in the past decades.
⑤Unsure of the meaning of these __________(remark)，he chose to remain silent.on/about on for remarkable remarks ①The editor of the newspaper was condemned as lacking integrity.
这家报纸的主编被指责为不够正直。
②As an old person, one is often condemned to live alone.
老年人常出于无奈而独自生活。6．condemn vt. 判刑；判处(某人某种刑罚)；声讨； 谴责；迫使……接受困境(1)condemn sb./sth.for sth.由于某事而谴责某人或某事
condemn sb.to do sth.某人注定要做某事
condemn sb.'s behaviour谴责某人的举动
be condemned to被宣告……
condemn sb.to death判某人死刑
(2)condemnation n. 定罪；谴责；指责
conditional condemnation 缓刑
social condemnation 社会谴责
(3)condemnable adj. 该罚的；接受责备的
condemned adj. 已被定罪的；已被定罪者使用的；受谴责的单句语法填空
①I did not condemn him __________ what he had done.
②His occupation condemned him __________ (spend) long periods of time away from his family.
③______________(condemn) to death, the criminal was frightened.for to spend Condemned ①He was my closest acquaintance.
他是我的老相识。
常用搭配：make one's acquaintance结识；与……相识
＝make the acquaintance of sb.
have some acquaintance with熟悉/了解……
have a little acquaintance with sb./sth.稍微了解……
have no acquaintance with不熟悉/了解……
②I'm pleased to make your acquaintance.
我非常高兴结识你。7．acquaintance n．相识；熟人；了解③I have some acquaintance with the language.
我懂得这门语言。
④I had little acquaintance with modern poetry.
我对现代诗所知甚少。
特别提示：acquaintance用作不可数名词，表“熟悉，认识”，有时在其前加不定冠词，表某种程度的熟悉与了解，与with连用；用作可数名词时，表“熟悉的人”。acquaint vt.使熟悉；了解
acquaint sb.with 使某人了解
be acquainted with＝be familiar with对……熟悉
He quickly acquainted himself with the facts of the case.
他很快熟悉了案情。单句语法填空
①It's my honor to make your _______________(acquaint) here.
②I made the acquaintance __________ several musicians around that time.
③Luckily，he had some acquaintance __________ Spain，which helped solve the problem.acquaintance of with ①This handbag is made of superior leather.
这只手提包由上等皮革制成。
②He's my immediate superior.
他是我的顶头上司。
特别提示：superior adj. 优秀的；较高的
隐含着比较意义，没有比较等级。在与另一事物进行比较时，与之搭配的介词要用to，不能用than。8．superior adj. 优秀的；较高的；上级的 n. 上级；长官be superior to...比……优越(更好、强)
be inferior to...低于；不如……；在……之下
be senior to...比……年长(资深)
be junior to...比……年轻(资浅)
①Nobody wants you to be superior to them.
没有人愿意你超出他们。
②He is senior to me.
他比我年长。补全句子
①This model is technically __________ (优于)its competitors.
②There are some people ______________ (级别比我低)．
单句改错
③Lang Lang is my favourite pianist.I think he is superior than other pianists.
than→to
解析：句意：郎朗是我最喜欢的钢琴家，我认为他优于其他钢琴家。superior没有比较级，不与than连用。be superior to “比……更好，比……更胜一筹”。superior to junior to me ①By good fortune he was not hurt.
幸运的是，他没受伤。
②One day a good fortune befell him.
一天，幸运降临到他头上。
③What will be our fortunes?
我们的命运将是什么？9．fortune n. [U]机会；运气 [C]命运；大笔的钱try one's fortune碰运气
tell sb.'s fortune 为某人算命
come into a fortune 继承一笔遗产
make a fortune发财
fortunate adj.幸运的；运气好的
be fortunate to do sth./be fortunate in having sth.幸运地做/拥有……
fortunately adv.幸运地
注意：[名]fortune→[名]misfortune不幸；厄运
[形]fortunate?[形]unfortunate不幸的
Good fortune is admirable, but the conquest of misfortune is more admirable.
好的运气令人羡慕，而战胜厄运则更令人钦佩。单句语法填空
①The young man was __________(fortune) to come across his former friend in the street when he needed help.
②_________________(fortunate)，two persons were injured and one died in the car crash.
③I had the good fortune __________(choose) for a trip abroad.
④My grandfather went to California and soon made __________ fortune.fortunate Unfortunately to be chosen a ①The new teacher really brought French to life for us.
新来的老师给我们把法语教得生动活泼。
②Flowers can bring a dull room back to life.
鲜花可使沉闷的房间恢复生气。1．bring sb./sth.to life 使更有趣；使更生动重 点 短 语come to life 变得活跃；动起来；苏醒过来
come around/round 恢复知觉；苏醒
come to oneself/one's senses 苏醒完成句子
①我们邀请特德吧——有他到就会热闹起来。
Let's invite Ted—he knows how to __________ a party to __________.
解析：句意：bring sb./sth.to life表示“使更有趣； 使更生动”。
单句语法填空
②He was down at the mouth all evening, but as soon as his girl friend came in he came __________ life.
解析：句意：他一晚上都垂头丧气，但他的女朋友一来，他就活跃起来了。come to life 表示“变得更有趣(或使人兴奋)；变得活跃”。bring life to ①I won't tell her the secret—what do you take me for?
我不会把这秘密告诉她的——你把我当什么人了？
②Even the expert took the painting for a genuine of Van Gogh.
连专家都误认为这幅画是梵·高的真迹。2．take...for...把……看作；误认为……take...to be/as 把……看作；误认为……
mistake...for...误将……认作……
They just take me as a child.
他们把我当作一个孩子对待。单句语法填空
①I __________(take) for a detective by the family next door.
解析：句意：隔壁那家人误认为我是一名侦探。take...for...“误认为……”，符合题意。
②She took what he said__________ a compliment.
解析：句意：她把他的话看作是恭维话。take sth.(as sth.)/take sth.(to do sth.)表示“领会；理解；考虑”。例如：What did you take his comments to mean？你明白他的评论是什么意思吗？was taken as ①She passed herself off as an experienced actress.
她冒充有经验的演员。
②He passed his secretary off as his wife.
他让秘书冒充他的妻子。3．pass...off as...(把某人)改变或冒充成……pass away去世
pass by通过；经过；未影响
pass for/as(错误地)被看作
pass out昏过去；失去知觉
pass down(世代)相传
pass on转交；递给；传给
pass...on to...把……传递给……
pass over忽略；避免提及或考虑
pass up放弃；拒绝
pass off进行到最后；(以某种方式)发生并完成
pass through经过；路过单句语法填空
①But these things are temporary and will passed __________.
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：但是这些事情是暂时的并且很快会过去。pass away意为“消失；过去”，符合题意。
②Several people passed __________ at that time, but no one took any action.
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：那时有几个人经过，但是没有人采取任何行动。pass by意为“经过；路过”，符合题意。away by ③Some complex cell chemicals, such as DNA and RNA, store and pass __________ information that the cells need.
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：某些复杂的细胞化学物质，例如DNA和RNA，存储和传递细胞所需的信息。pass on意为“传递”，符合题意。
④People say that a smile can __________ (pass) from one person to another, but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so.
解析：考查被动语态。句意：人们说微笑可以从一个人传递给另一个人，但是来自陌生人的善举甚至更会如此。从句的主谓之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用被动语态。on be passed Generally speaking, women live longer than men.
一般来说，女人比男人长寿。4．generally speaking一般来说honestly speaking 诚实地说
strictly speaking 严格地说
broadly speaking 广义地说
personally speaking 就个人而言
roughly speaking 粗略地说
exactly speaking准确地说补全句子
①____________________ (一般来说), almost all the kids are curious about how everything around them works.
②__________________ (就个人而言)，I think he is mistaken in classifying these subjects.
③_________________ (准确地说)，I would say that our department store has sold out 1,998 refrigerators in the past two months.Generally speaking Personally speaking Exactly speaking ①He often talks about his girlfriend in terms of love.
他经常用充满爱的语言谈论他的女朋友。
②It was a bad year for films, in terms of both quantity and quality.
今年的电影无论从数量上还是质量上都说不上好。
③The job is great in terms of salary, but it has its disadvantages.
就薪金而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但它也有不利之处。5．in terms of 就……来说；从……角度come to terms with 达成协议；和好；接受；适应
be on good/bad terms 关系良好/不好
in the long/short term就长远/短期而言；从长远/短期来看
in one's terms在某人看来
on equal terms 在平等的条件下
其他由“in＋名词＋of”构成的短语：
in memory of为了纪念
in case of以防；万一
in charge of负责；管理
in the charge of由……负责；由……管理in face of面临；不顾
in favour of支持；赞成；有利于
in need of需要
in search of搜寻
in possession of占有，拥有
in honour of纪念，尊重
in view of鉴于，考虑到
in spite of尽管
in praise of赞扬
in place of代替
in fear of担心，害怕单句语法填空
①Exchange opinions with your parents frequently so you can be __________ good terms with each other.
解析：考查固定短语。句意：与你父母经常交换意见，这样你们彼此之间可以处好关系。be on good terms with 意为“与……关系好”，符合题意。故用介词on。on ②The finding of these results, __________ the simplest terms, is that “you reduce the risk of getting depression when you exercise”．
解析：考查介词短语。句意：这些结果的发现，从最简单的角度看，就是“当你锻炼的时候会降低得抑郁的风险”。in...terms意为“就……而言；在……方面”，符合题意。
③A good many things in the world cannot be considered and valued in terms __________ money.
解析：考查介词短语。句意：就钱而言，世上的许多东西不可能被想到和珍惜。in terms of意为“从……角度；就……而言”，为固定搭配。in of ④This new six-month trial will help us to find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides __________ the long term.
解析：考查介词。句意：这个新的为期六个月的实验将有助于我们弄清楚从长远来看我们是否可以影响顾客站在(扶梯的)两边。in the long term意为“就长期而言”，符合题意。in of any use相当于useful，在句中作表语。“of＋名词”是一个常用结构，这种结构可在句中作表语、后置定语和补语。该结构的常见类型：
①be of＋表示“年龄(age)、大小(size)、颜色(color)、重量(weight)、高度(height)、价格(price)、意见(opinion)、形状(shape)、种类(kind)和方法(way)等”的名词。这些名词没有相应的形容词形式，因此不能用“be＋形容词”来代替“be＋of＋n.”，用在这些名词前的限定词常是a，an，the，the same，my，your等，of表示“具有”，有时可省去。
We are of the same age.
我们同岁。1．Will that be of any use to you?
这点儿钱对你有用吗？经 典 句 式②be of＋抽象名词(value，importance，use，help等)。主要用于说明主语的性质。常用于名词前的修饰语有great，little，some，any，no，not，much等。这一结构相当于“be＋抽象名词所对应的形容词”，of不能省。
The advice are of great help/very helpful to them.
这个建议对他们来说是很有帮助的。补全句子
①This dictionary is __________ (非常有用) to middle school students.
②The clue ________________ (非常有价值)，which can help prove that he is innocent.
③Honestly speaking, this speech is ______________________________(极为重要) to the college students who are short of experience of life.
单句改错
④She is very happy because her new way of learning English is of great helpful.__________of great use is of great value of great importance/significance helpful→help what if...意为“如果……将会怎样”，相当于what would happen if...。
What if your plan fails?
如果你的计划失败，该怎么办呢？
What if she finds out that you have lost her book?
倘使她发现你弄丢了她的书，怎么办？
What if you join us for lunch?
跟我们一起吃午饭怎么样！
注意：若表示的是将来的情况，what if后的句子常用一般现在时。2．What if I was?
如果我是又怎样呢？①what意为“什么”，用在口语中，表示没听见或没听懂。意为“要什么”时表示听到对方的话并询问要什么；表示惊讶或愤怒时，意为“竟有这种事，真的吗”。
—I asked her to marry me.
——我向她求婚了。
—You what?
——你说什么？
②if only“要是……就好了”，引导感叹句，要用虚拟语气。
If only I had taken his advice.
要是我听从他的建议就好了。③how come表示惊讶，“怎么会……”。
How come they left you alone here?
他们怎么会把你一个人留在这里呢？
④why not do sth.表示建议，“为什么不做……”。
Why not try again?
为什么不再试试呢？
⑤what for“为何目的，为何理由”。
—I need to see a doctor.
——我得去看医生。
—What for?
——看什么病？⑥what about...用来提出建议或引出话题，意为“……怎么样”，后面跟名词或动名词形式。
What about having a game of chess?
下盘棋怎么样？用what结构填空
①__________ having a birthday party in the hall?
②__________? I don't think you can get rid of the trouble.
③__________? You look so angry and pale.
④__________ I want to have my shoes polished?
完成句子
⑤____________________ in the next exam?
要是我们在下次的考试中不及格怎么办？What about So what What's up What if What if we fail 句中once educated是省略结构，完整形式为once the girl was educated。
once的主要用法如下：
①once作副词时，意为“一次；一度；曾经”。常见的与once搭配的词组有：
all at once突然
at once马上；立刻
once in a while偶尔；间或3．But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party.
不过，先生，(高傲地)要是一旦有人教她把英语说好了，她可以在三个月后就可以冒充公爵夫人出席大使主办的花园聚会了。once or twice一两次
once upon a time从前
once again再一次
②once可作连接词，引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”，once引导状语从句可以采用省略形式。③由once，if，as，unless，when，though，although等引导的状语从句，如果主句主语和从句主语一致，且从句中谓语动词是be＋v.-ed或v.-ing形式，或从句中主谓结构为It is(was)＋adj.时，其从句结构可省略为以上连词加v.-ed，v.-ing或adj.。
Once the time is set, it cannot be changed.
＝Once set, the time cannot be changed.
时间一旦被设定就不能更改。
When I was waiting for a bus, I met Tom.
＝When waiting for a bus, I met Tom.
我在等汽车时碰到了汤姆。
Though he was young, he knew a lot of English.
＝Though young, he knew a lot of English.
尽管年龄很小，但他知道很多英语。单句语法填空
①Once __________ (disturb) by the noise of the baby, the mother won't have a sound sleep the whole night.
②While __________ (discuss) the plan, they found it practical.
③The broken machine may cause big trouble unless __________ (repair) at once.disturbed discussing repaired
