荷香书苑王老师 高一必修1
UNIT 4 Earthquakes
Words: calm storm imagine earthquake object discussion partner shake well rise/raise notice smelly crack farmyard hide bowl pond pipe burst million event directly nation huge canal steam rock dirt suffering extreme injured survivor natural destroy brick dam track useless steel shocked quake rescue trap electricity disaster soldier organize bury miner shelter breathe summary main title reporter bar frightening weight damage repair invite congratulation agree judge honor sincerely effort luckily warning explosion outline headline fear almost=nearly immediately rebuild statement false downstairs include detail proverb quote surface turtle cyclist bottom furniture store clue steel blanket dramatic essential identity present divide poster display doorstep countryside field second reach railway fill last explanation suggest interview paragraph expression metal complete relative compare disaster government competition stamp fear thunder underneath lamp rhyme formal direction author chopstick scissor torch contain
Phrases: right away come out of run out of as usual it seems as if at an end more than lay in ruins the number of be covered with be filled with blow away instead of be shocked at fall down dig out to the north of the city a great number of put down in degree give out quite a few refer to put up in the open air make up take turns to give a speech be pleased to be proud of speak to sb calm down
express one’s thanks to not long after that…. pay attention to raise money tens of thousands of in disaster-hit areas be trapped（in）受困，使陷于困境 the rescue workers? bury the dead? come up the speaking competition would like to do sth invite sb to do sth.?? wake up too…to believe it or not turn to help us in our need no words are strong enough think highly of seeing is believing.(眼见为实) in honor of..... cut across get away with hand out try out keep out act out work out put out be likely to do sth amazing as it may seem, ever since divide…into give out happen to sb in the past leave sth +adj. look for think little of begin to do one-third of be gone as strong as.... all hope was not lost. the rest When the shock hit us, begin with such as be lost in take turns to be proud of have you speak organize the ideas have a conversation with neither....nor run over hold up up and down keep...from come up point of view
never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. agree on
present sth to sb go bad by now
Grammar:
1. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
burst vt. & vi. (burst, bursting)爆炸；胀裂；突然而起；闯入；充满；满盈；
n. 突然破裂；爆发
联想拓展
burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然……起来
burst open推开；忽然打开； 裂开
burst through冲开；冲破；拨开
burst in upon=cut in打断(谈话等)；突然出现； 突然到达
burst in/ into=break in闯入； 突然出现； 突然……起来； 突然发作
burst into laughter=break into laughter突然大笑起来
burst into tears突然大哭起来
burst into cheers突然欢呼起来
burst out laughing/crying=break out laughing 突然大笑/哭起来
a burst of laughter /anger /applause 一阵笑声/怒火 /掌声
be bursting with 充满某物
辨析：burst/explode/erupt
burst: 爆炸，炸开
explode: 爆炸，爆发
erupt: (火山)爆发
One minute she burst into _____ and the next burst out _____- We just couldn't catch her mood at any moment.
A.crying, laughter????B. tears, laughing C. tears, laughter???D. crying, laughing
(湖南高考)Cindy shut the door heavily and burst ____________ tears. No one in the office knew why she was so angry.
(全国高考)When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for whatever his family might need, he burst out ______________(cry).
(湖北高考) “You don’t know the secret of selling papers. You must shout, “Hot news! Bomb _____________(burst)!”
2. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruin.
1) ruin vt. 毁坏；毁灭。既可指实际的东西，也可指抽象的东西;
n.［U］毁坏；毁灭 ［C］（常用作复数）废墟
联想拓展
in ruins严重损坏；破败不堪；落空
bring /come to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产
bring ruin upon oneself自取灭亡
fall/go to ruin毁灭, 灭亡; 崩溃; 破坏掉
ruin oneself毁掉自己
ruin one’s future 毁掉某人的前途
ruin one’s health 毁坏某人的健康
易混辨析destroy/ruin/damage/harm
destroy 表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。
ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。
damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。
harm 一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等。
Laziness will ruin one’s prospects. 懒惰会使人自毁前程。
2) lie(lay lain) 处于某种状态；躺；平躺，平卧，平放
Lie on one’s back仰卧
lie on one’s side 侧卧
lie on one’s chest/stomach俯卧
Lie lied lied lying 说谎，撒谎
lie to sb tell a lie
放置产卵 lay laid laid laying 躺，位于lie lay lain lying
(北京模拟) I got caught in the rain and my suit_________.
has ruined B.had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined
(陕西师范大学附中月考)The war meant the______ of all our hope and our family was brought to________ because of it.
A.ruins, ruins? ??B.ruin; ruins ???C.ruins,ruin ???D.ruin, ruin
(江苏常州检测)He seems______ tired to do it. But I am only_____ glad to do it.
very, too B.extreme, too C.too,too D.very, very
(江苏高考)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ____________(ruin), the city took on a new look.
(福建高考)Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. Don’t let negativity ____________(破坏)your motivation.
(天津高考)This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “___________(ruin)” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom.
(浙江高考)When the war was near, Alia was worried that the fires of war ___________ (destroy) the books, which are more precious to her than mountains of gold.
(福建高考)Many village communities feel their countryside _______________(ruin) by the power-producing machines of wind farms.
3. Two-thirds of them died or injured during in the earthquake.
injure v. 损害，伤害 injury? n. injured adj. 受伤的；受损坏的
the injured 受伤的人；伤员
辨析：injure; hurt; wound, harm
※hurt使受伤；使疼痛；伤害；使伤心。一般用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害，还可用作vi.动词，意为"疼痛、惹起痛苦"。
例：What he said hurt me deeply.他说的话使我非常伤心。It hurts when I move my leg.
※wound指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤，尤指在战争中，战斗中受伤。
例：He got wounded in the fighting.他在战斗中受了伤。
※injure一般指由于意外或事故而受伤。
例：He was badly injured in the accident.他在这次事故中受了重伤.
※harm伤害有生命的东西，指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等 do harm to.... harmful
2) 分数、百分数作主语，谓语动词要根据分数、百分数代表的量是可数名词还是不可数名词而定。
例：50% of the students in our class are girls.我们班50%的学生是女生。
Two-thirds of the earth surface is covered with water. 地球表面的三分之二是水。
Some of, plenty of, a lot of, most of, the rest of, all of, half of, part of, the majority of...+名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词的单复数来决定。
典型例题：______ of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is????B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is????D. Two fifths; are
(浙江模拟)The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third ______ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day along.
is ?? B. are ??? C.was ??? D.were
(四川高考)Dr Peter Spence,_______ headmaster of the school, told us,”_______ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”
/,A B./,The C.the,The D.a, A
(陕西高考) As a result of the serious flood,__________ __________ ___________
in the area__________ ___________(三分之二的建筑物需要维修).
(安徽高考)The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____________ saved for other purposed.(be)
They tried to prevent their cows from ______________.
injury? ?? B. injuring? ? ?C. being injured ?D. hurting
(青岛质检)I received his mother’s phone call at ten. Only then did I know that he was badly _______ in an accident the day before yesterday.
hurt ? ??B.injured ???C. harmed ???D. wounded
(山东模拟)Mike didn’t play football yesterday because he had___________ his leg.
A.damage? ? ?B.hurt ??? C.hit ??? D.struck
(天津月考)At least 203 miners were killed, 22_____ and 13_______ in a coal mine gas explosion on Monday afternoon in Fuxin.
injuring,trapping ??B.injured,trapped ???C.injured,trapping ???D.injuring,trapped
As we all know, smoking_______________ our health.(harm)
(广州执信中学期中)Taking this drug too much can result in ______________(injure) to the liver.
4. People were shocked.
shock (1) n. 震惊，打击，休克 when the shock hit us,……. (2) v. (使）震惊，震动
知识拓展
in shock处于休克状态，震惊地
to one’s shock 令....震惊的是
come as a shock to sb. .....令某人震惊
be shocked at sth.???? ??因……而感到震惊
be shocked to do sth? ??对做某事感到震惊
It shocks sb. to do sth.??……使某人震惊
with/from shock 因为震惊
in a state of shock 惊魂未定
典型例题：All of the people present felt ____ at the ____ news.
A. shocked; shocking???B. shocking; shocked C. shocking; shocking??D. shocked; shocked
(陕西高考)I started greatly________, as the drinks soaks(浸湿)his white shirt.
A.discourage? ?B.shocked C.disappointed ?D.annoyed
(湖南醴陵一中与浏阳一种高一月考) —An explosion at a coal mine killed at least 62 workers and left another 13 missing.
—Yes, _______ news came as________ shock to us all.
the,the??? B./,/ C./,a ?? D.the, a
(重庆高考)The parents__________ _______ _______ _______ ________ that their son needed an operation on his knee.(被这个消息震惊了)
(重庆高考)The news_________ __________ _________(震惊了公众)，leading to great concern about students’ safety at school.
(上海高考)________________(shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.
5. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
rescue vt.＆n. 营救,援救
辨析resuce/save
rescue:救助，援救 重在强调迅速行动，从直接的和迫在眉睫的危险中解救；
save:救助，拯救，把处于危险或危急状态的人或事物解救出来，使之得以保全
常用结构：
rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把……从……营救出来
come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人
a rescue team 救援队
a rescue mission 救援任务
rescue workers 救援人员
(陕西高考)When she opened her eyes and saw her dog standing beside her, the girl said,” You______ me, Laddy,” and she kissed him several times.
disturbed? ? ?B.comforted ?? ?C.rescued ??? D.scared
(江苏高考) “Never for a second,” the boy says, “did I doubt that my father would come _____________ my rescue.
(浙江高考)I don’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, when I went to ___________a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
6.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
bury v. 埋葬;隐藏；使沉浸（或专心于）
联想拓展
be buried alive 被活埋
be buried under 为……所压倒；沉浸于,忙于
bury (oneself) in 埋头于；专心于；退居于(乡间等)=be buried in
be buried in thoughts 陷入沉思
bury one’s differences消除隔阂，重归于好
bury one’s head in the sand 自欺欺人，逃避现实（来自鸵鸟的习性）
She buried her face in her hands and cried. 她双手蒙住脸哭起来了。
专心于：devote oneself to=be devoted to; fix/focus/concentrate one’s attention on/upon
be lost in陷入....之中
trap v. 使陷入困境；困住，关住 n. 圈套，陷阱，计谋
be trapped（in）受困，使陷于困境=be stuck in=be caught in
trap sb into doing sth诱骗，诱使
set/lay a trap to do/for sth 为....设下圈套
fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套
A group of soldiers with water and food were sent to_______ the farmers trapped in the cave. A. view??? B.organize C.rescue ? ?D.catch
(山东威海模拟)It was reported that the 33 miners who____ in the mine in Chile for 69 days were pulled out alive last week,________ was a wonder in the history of rescue.
have been trapped; as??B.have been trapped;which C.had been trapped;which??
D. had been trapped; that
(海南高三模拟)Besides, we can’t deny that some bad guys mask themselves very well so that they can get many nice people______________(trap).
The scientist knew nothing about the matter, because he was always______ himself _______ his study.
burying,in???B.devoting, on C.focusing,in ??D.concentrating, in
(日照高一检测) Mr Richard hasn’t got any time to play golf these days, because he is________ in the research of bird language.
devoted? ??B.concentrated ??? C.buried ???D.spared
7. Several days later most of the buildings which had been damaged were repaired.
damage v. ＆ n. 损失；损害
do/cause damage to 对……造成损害/损失
damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
damage one’s good name 毁坏某人的名声
suffer great damage from..... 受到....的巨大伤害
(重庆模拟)Teenagers____ their health because they play computer games too much.
have damaged? ??B.are damaging ???C.damaged ???D.will damage
(辽宁高考)The accident caused some______ to my car, but it’s nothing serious.
A.harm? ? ?B.injury ?? ?C.ruin ?? ?D.damage
(湖北高考)A number of paintings in this castle are believed__________________ in a fire in 2009.(destroy)
(襄阳高一检测)”If you go on stealing, you will______ your bright future, young man!” said the judge.
destroy? ??B.damage ???C.break ???D.ruin
(经典高考题)After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment________.
is damaged? ??B.had damaged ???C.damaged ???D.was damaged
(新课标全国卷)William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to________.
disappear????? B. full?????? C. damage?????????? D. Fail
(山东高考) A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but_____________(ruin).
(江苏高考)Shortly after suffering from a big earthquake and being reduced to ___________(ruin), the city took on a new look.
(南昌二中高一期中)If you go on doing so, you’ll___________________________ sooner or later.(毁掉你的美好未来)
(北大自主招生)It is recorded that much of London was _____________ by a big fire in the seventeenth century.
It was frightening night.
frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬 fright n.害怕，恐惧
frightening adj.令人恐惧的（常用来修饰物） frightened adj.受惊的；
类似用法的单词还有: interested ; interesting / surprised ; surprising/ amazed ; amazing / amused ; amusing/ satisfied; satisfying/ shocked ; shocking 等等。
be frightened at.....看到/听到/想到....吓一跳
be frightened of害怕.....
be frightened to do sth害怕做某事
be frightened that.... 害怕.....
be frightened to death 某人吓得要死
frighten sb/sth away/off 把某人/某物吓跑
frighten sb into doing sth 把某人吓得去做某事
frighten sb out of doing sth 把某人吓得不去做某事
(青岛高一期中测试)When she saw the________ tiger, her face turned pale_______.
frightening, with fear B.frightened,with fear C.frightening, in fear ?D.frightened, in fear
(新课标高考)”I remember feeling small and_______”, the woman says, “ and I did the only thing I could do.”
cruel?????? B.proud????? C.frightened??????????? D.brave
(河南模考) The ______ news made all of them______ to death.
frightening, frightened??? B.frightened, frightening??
frightened, frightened? D. frightening, frightening
(浙江高考)Graphs can seem _____________(frighten), but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story.
(浙江高考)It was both exciting and _____________(frighten) to be up there.
9.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges.
judge n. 法官；鉴赏家；裁判 vt.判断；估计
Don’t judge a man by his looks. 不要以貌取人。
Don’t judge a book by its cover勿以貌取人
联想拓展
judgment n.判断，辨别力 judgmental判断的
judge sb./ sth. by/from 通过……判断……
as far as I judge 我认为
judging from/by...从……来看， 根据……判断
in one’s judgment 在某人看来
pass judgment on sth 评价/评论
make a judgment about....对....作出评价
against one’s better judgment 违心
类似独立成分：generally speaking, exactly speaking, frankly/honestly speaking, considering that....., providing/provided that......
(江苏模拟)________ his accent, he is from the south of China.
A. Judged by??? ?B. Judging to?? ?C. To be judged by?? D. Judging by
(南昌市高一期中检测)_______ from media reports, the result has been unclear.
to be judged ??? B.having judged C.judging ??D.judge
(重庆模拟)Michael’s new house is like a huge place, _______ with his old one.
comparing ??? B.compares C.to compare ??D.compared
(福建高考) I’d prefer to reserve(保留)my __________(judge) until I find all the evidence.
(复旦大学自主招生)_______________(judge) from the quality of the runners, I think this week’s 800 meters final could produce a new Olympic record.
(上海高考)As it turned out, their initial _____________(judge) often held true.
(福建高考)Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than _______________ (judge) everything so harshly.
(全国高考) “You can’t judge a book ___________its cover”, as the old saying goes.
(上海高考)The ____________(judge) gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really worried.
10.For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.
rise (rise-rose-risen) vi.(指星辰日、月、云、霞、烟、水蒸气、物价、温度、河水、潮水及人的职位的上升。) 升起上升=go up; 起身;
n. 增加/长, 起伏=increase
rise up起义,反抗
a sharp rise of the price 价格的爆升
rise from one’s seat 从座位上站起来
辨析:raise/lift/arise
raise: vt,举起，提出，饲养，种植。Raise your hands, please.
lift: vt,用体力把某物从地面提到一定的高度。
arise: 出现，发生，产生 arise out of/from sth. 因...产生，由...引起
Hearing the old man’s report, the officer _____ from his seat and said something must be done to________ people’s living standards.
raised,rise? ??B. rose,raise ???C.raised,raise ???D. rose,rise
(江西模拟)—What is the price of petrol these days? —Oh, it_____ sharply since last month. A.is raised? ?? B.has risen ? ??C.has arisen ?? ?D.is increased
(新课标全国卷)The next thing he saw was smoke_____ from behind the house.
rose? ? ?B.rising ??? C.to rise ??? D.risen
11.Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.
happen vi. ?发生,?碰巧，偶遇
联想拓展
as it happens 碰巧来到, 恰好出现
be likely to happen 可能要发生
happen along 恰好来了
happen in with 偶然和...碰见
happen on/ upon 碰巧碰上[发现]
happen what may 无论发生什么事, 不管怎样
happen to (和名词连用)临到...头上(某情况, 尤指不幸的事); (和动词连用)偶然; 碰巧
happen to say 偶然提到
辨析 occur, happen, take place
happen: 指“偶然发生”时，主语为“事”；当主语是“人”时，意为“碰巧”
occur: 指“发生”时可与 happen 换用，但后接to sb．／sth．时，两者含义不同：；occur to sb．／sth． 指“某种思想等呈现于某人的知觉中”。
take place: 表示“发生”，可与 happen 或occur换用，但其后面一般不接 to sb．／sth．结构；指必然会发生的事情时，多用 take place；此外take place 还可表示“举行某种活动”。
12. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.
imagine sb./sb’s doing(…to be)
请牢记下面的口诀
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡
consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon, admit, delay/put off, fancy, avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate, forbid, imagine, risk, can’t help, mind, allow/permit, escape
(福建月考) It is difficult to imagine his____ the decision without any consideration.
A. accept B.accepting C.to accept D.accepted
2) be shaked by/with/at使受震撼、动摇
shake hands with sb
shake one’s head/nod one’s head 摇头/点头
shake with anger 气的发抖
辨析shake, quake, tremble
shake指人或动物的任何迅速而短促的前后、上下、左右摇动，有时带有狂暴性和突然性。尤其身体和感情的震动。
quake指一种较强烈的整个物体的震动，如地震。
tremble由于人寒冷、惧怕、激动、紧张、不安或无法控制的情感而引起的身体抖动；物体的轻微摇晃、颤动。
3) right away?? 马上，立刻=at once= immediately=in no time=instantly
in a flash 片刻之间 without delay马上，立刻
4)leave+宾语+宾补 让处于....状态
leave sth untouched
(浙江高考)Although he had not seen it in more than 20 years, he recognized it_____.
clearly? ?? B.fully??? C.immediately ???D.suddenly
(浙江高考)As they left student life behind, many had a last drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands ____________longtime roommates, and moved out of small apartments into high buildings.
13. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events ,were asleep as usual that night.
1) think little of … =think not much /poorly/badly/ill of? 不重视，评价低
联想拓展
think twice 再三考虑
think little/nothing of轻视；忽略
think much/highly of重视；看重，评价高
think well of 认为.....好; 器重......
What do you think of ...?认为……怎么样？
think about考虑；回想；想起
think of考虑；记忆，记起
think sth. over仔细想；谨慎思考；作进一步考虑
think sth. out认真考虑；仔细盘算
think sth. up想出，发明
2) event n. 事件；大事；比赛项目
Coming events cast their shadows before.未来之事先有征兆。
常用结构：
at all events 无论怎样
in any event 无论如何
in the event of 万一；倘若
易混辨析
occurrence/event/incident/accident/matter/thing/business/affair
occurrence系常用词, 指“任何发生的事件”。
event 指“有重要意义的历史事件、重大事件”。
incident指“事件”, 尤指“比较不重要的小事件”。
accident指“意外事故”。
affair: 繁杂的较多的事情、事务；商业事务或政府日常事务，如财政、外交事务。
matter: 需留心的要事或问题、难题
thing: 事情，事物，不管大小好坏；things可做形势、情况
business: 指派的任务、责任，或工作商业上的买卖活动
Though some foreign scientists had a _______ opinion of his new invention, his fellow workers never thought _______ of it.
A. highly; low?? ?B. low; high?? ?C. high; highly?? ?D. poor; highly
Foreign media______ the government’s response to Sanlu Scandal. There is still hope for Chinese food industry.
think well of???B.think highly of C.think ill of???D.think badly of
Recently, the golf is announced to be a new______ in the 2016 Olympic games.
accident?? ??B.affair C.event ??? D. incident
There were not any track and field__________ for women in the Olympic Games until 1928.
accidents? ??B.affairs C.events ??? D. incidents
(福建高考)Papa______________(think) about what was said, as if the salvation of the world would depend upon it.
(江苏高考)I thought __________myself, “If he can do it, then so can I.”
14. It seemed as if the world was at an end.
1) as if / though 似乎；仿佛；好像
引导的表语从句或状语从句与事实相反的，从句用虚拟语气。
与现在事实相反的，从句用一般过去式；与过去事实相反的，从句用过去完成时; 与将来事实相反，从句时态should/would/might/could+动词原形。但如果从句说的是客观事实，也可不用虚拟语气。
联想拓展
as if=as though意为“仿佛，像，似乎”。通常用在be，look，seem，sound，taste，smell及feel等连系动词的后面。
注意：as if (though)后面除了跟句子外，还可以跟名词、动词不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语和分词。
另外，as if (though)还可以表达感叹语气，来对某项建议、假设和推测表示不赞成、惊讶、不满和厌恶等。
How wild his white hair looked as if it had been electrified! 他的白发十分凌乱，好像触了电似的。(虚拟语气)
She seems as if she is going to cry. 她似乎要哭了。(陈述事实)
As if anyone would believe that story！好像有人竟会相信那样的事！
As if we were all stupid and he alone clever！
哼，就仿佛我们都是傻瓜，只有他一个人聪明似的。
seem为系动词
seem + (to be ) + adj./n. seem + to do
seem + like + n. It seems/seemed (to sb.) + that-clause= seem + to do
3) at an end 结束，终结（= finish）
联想拓展
end n.&v. 结事，终结
与end搭配的常用短语
at the end of在……末尾
by the end of到……末为止
in the end最后，终于
at a loose end无所事事；处于杂乱状态
make ends meet收支相抵
end up with…. 以....结束
make an end of.....终止
come to an end完结
put an end to.....使终止=bring sth to an end
(福建一中联考)The manager tried several times to pass the driving test, and______ he succeeded.
at an end? ??B.by the end ???C.at the end ???D.in the end
(启东中学调研测试)You can try your best to impress the interviewers but __________ the end it’s often just a question.
翻译句子
①你像是见了鬼似的。
②这个男孩向四周察看，像在寻找什么东西。
典型例题：__________ have known the results of the exam.
A. It seemed to?????B. It seemed to him to C. He seemed that he????D. He seemed to
(湖南高考)Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him_______ he had done something very clever.
as if B.in case C.while D.though
(北京高考)Don’t handle the vase as if it________ made of steel.
is B.were C.has been D. had been
_________________ there is something wrong with the car.(seem)
(重庆高考)It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I ___________(do) it?
(上海高考)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she ____________(be) their own mother.
15. Sand now filled the wells instead of water.
instead of代替某人，而不是
Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time.杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。
易混辨析
instead/instead of/in place of/take the place of
instead 是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为“而是，相反”。
instead of 是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，意为“代替、而不……”。
in place of 为介词短语，也是“代替、而不”的意思，表示“以甲代乙”，而instead of则是“用甲不用乙”，除“代替”外，还有对乙否定的意思，有时意为“不”。
take the place of (replace)作谓语，用在名词、代词前。
吧。
典型例题：- Did you go to the zoo? - No, some of us went to the park ______ the zoo. The others went to the cinema ______.
A. instead; instead????? ??B. instead of; instead of
C. instead of; instead???? ??D. instead; instead of
16. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
1) dig out 掘出；发现
dig up挖掘，挖出
dig for采掘，探寻
dig into 挖掘，刻苦钻研
dig down 挖倒
dig in 掘土以渗进（肥料等）；开始认真工作
The soldier were trying to______ a young man who was buried under the ruins.
dig out B.be dug out C.dig down D.be dug down
2) the dead 死难者
形容词或分词前加the 表示同一类人或物，谓语动词常用复数形式。
类似的词还有：the young / old ; the poor / rich ; the injured ; the wounded ; the living；the dying 垂死的人
典型例题：_____ were sent to hospital and the ____ were buried.
A. The injury, the death??? ??B. The injuring, the dying
C. The injured, the dead??? ??D. The injured, the died
17. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
1)the number of “……的数量、数目”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；
a number of “一些，很多”，= many, 后接可数名词复数，当它作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
“大量的”的短语有如下用法：
a large /great/good number of；a great/good many; a good few/quite a few+可数名词复数；
a great/good deal; a great/ large amount of; quite a little+ 不可数名词；
a lot of/lots of; a great /large quantity of; large quantities of/ plenty of +可数名词复数/不可数名词均可；
a great/large quantity of ..., large quantities of ...作主语时谓语动词与quantity形式一致；
many a + 单数n. (谓语单数）
reach vt.增加到，伸手；够得着；达到，实现
n.手臂展开的长度；波及范围，影响范围
reach a conclusion 得出结论
out of the reach of sb. 在某人手够不到的地方
within sb’s reach 在某人伸手可及的地方；在某人力所能及的范围内
(经典高考题)The number of people invited_____ fifty, but a number of them______ absent for different reasons.
A. were,was???B.was,was C.were,were ??D.was,were
(辽宁模拟)Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside,_______ in the clothing industry.
is working ?? ?B.works C.work ? ?D.worked
典型例题：Many a student ________failed in the exam.
A.have? ??B. has ???C. is ???D. are
(经典高考题)It is reported that many a new house_____ at present in the disaster area.
are being built? ??B.were being built ???C.was being built ???D.is being built
(陕西高考)I have been deeply impressed by_________ in her life.
A.a number of experience? B. a number of experiences C.the number of experience ???D. the number of experiences
(上海模拟)As you can see, the number of cars on our roads_____ rising these days.
was keeping? ?B.keep ? ??C.keeps ?? ?D.were keeping
(吉林高一检测)A number of students_______ fond of pop music while the number of students who like the classic music________ small.
is,are? ??B.are,is ???C.are,are ???D.is, is
(江西高考)There are __________ ____________ ___________ __________ (少数人)of people involved, possibly as few as twenty.
(浙江高考)During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs ______________(increase) sharply.
(华东师大自主招生)Large sums of money ____________ (spend) in buying Christmas presents for every family member.
18. All hope was not lost.
all…not … = not all该句为部分否定
all, both, each, every, everyone, everything, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether等具有总括意义的词后跟否定词not连用时，一般都表示部分否定，其中all, both, each, every无论在not之前还是之后，都表示部分否定。
但如果句子中出现下列单词或短语则该句为全部否定：none of+n./pron.; neither+n./pron.; no+n.; nothing；nobody；neither；never；nowhere；neither ... nor等。
All that glitters is not gold. 发光的不一定都是金子。
典型例题："Not all of the dinosaurs (恐龙) were dangerous". This sentence means _______.
A. none of the dinosaurs were dangerous. B. all of the dinosaurs were not dangerous.
C. few of the dinosaurs were dangerous. D. no dinosaurs were dangerous
(山东高考) I have lived in New York and Chicago,but don’t like_____ of them very much. A. either??? B.any C.each ?? D.another
(四川高考)She’d lived in London and Manchester, but she liked ____________and moved to Cambridge.
19. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines.
to the north of the city在城市的北部
to表示在境外，不接壤；
Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中国的东面。（指在中国境外）
知识拓展：in表示"在其中"，on表示接壤。
China lies in the east of Asia.中国位于亚洲东部。
China faces the Pacific on the east.中国东临太平洋。（指东部境界与太平洋相接）
典型例题：Beijing lies ______ the north of China. A. off?? ??B. to? ??C. in?? ??D. on
20. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
1)too...to=not....enough to do=so...that=such....that
She is too short to reach the book on the shelf.= she is not tall enough to reach the books on the shelf.= she is so short that she can’t reach the books on the shelf.=she is such a short girl that she can’t reach the books on the shelf.
too前有far, much, but, only, just, simply, never, not, all修饰时，表肯定，意思为非常/十分
The man was far too anxious to leave. 那个人非常急于离开。
too后的形容词表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词的时，happy, willing, pleased, thankful, delighted, anxious, eager, kind, good, ready, glad, surprised, easy表肯定含义。
I am only too delighted to accept your invitation.我非常高兴接受你的邀请。
can/could not... too/enough 无论怎么也不过分，无论怎么都不够
(唐山月考) He has been ______ busy______ find time to answer the reader’s letters.
so,to??????? B.so,that????? C.too,to??????????? D.too,that
(陕西高考)I_____ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
won’t??????? B. can’t?????? C.can?????????? D.will
(北京高考)Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid ____________(think) of that possibility.
(天津高考)Was it too much _____________(ask) her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape.
The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anything that they could find.
1)shelter n. 躲避处，遮蔽，保护 v. 掩蔽，庇护，避难
知识拓展：
take shelter from.....躲避
a bus shelter公共汽车候车厅
shelter sb/sth from=protect sb./sth. from保护....免受......伤害
stop/prevent/keep sb./sth (from) doing sth...阻止.....做某事
2)put up 举起，张贴，搭建
put away 储存，收起来
put down 写下，放下，镇压
put in 插话，安装，插入
put on 穿上，上演，假装
put out 扑灭，生产
put through 接通电话，使经历
put up with 容忍，忍受
put back 放回原处
put forward 提出
put off 推迟，让....下车
(湖北模拟)Some parents are just too protective. They want to_____ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
spot ??? B.dismiss C.shelter ??D. distinguish
(全国高考)At the last moment, Tom decided to put __________ a new character to make the story seem more likely.
22. Congratulations!
congratulation n. congratulate v.
知识拓展：
offer/send one’s congratulations to sb.
congratulate sb. on sth 因某事祝贺某人
congratulate oneself on/that ...暗自庆幸
I heartily congratulate myself on having chosen a good woman to be my wife.
辨析congratulate/celebrate
congratulate: 祝贺-人，个人行为
celebrate:庆祝，接生日、胜利、纪念日等事 celebration
(上海模拟) The two sportsmen congratulated each other_______ winning the match by shaking hands.
A.with??? B.on C.in ??D.to
(陕西高考)—I got that job I wanted at the public library. —_______! That’s good news.
go ahead ??? B.congratulations C.cheers ??D. come on
(湖北高考)Zigfried’s grandma would arrive on Christmas Eve to________ with him.
celebrate ??? B.communicate C.compete ??D.compromise
(山东模拟)—John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.—Oh,_________!
A.cheer up ??? B.well done C.go ahead ??D.congratulations
23. Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors.
have sb (to) do sth让某人做某事, (主语自己)有某事要去做 He had me stay here to help him.
have sb doing sth让某人一直做某事，容忍某人做某事
I won’t have you speaking to me like that again.
have sth done使....被....，使.....遭受.....，让别人做......，请别人做某事
(北京高考题)—Excuse me! Sir, where is Room 301? —Just a minute, I’ll have Bob _________ you to your room.
A.show ??? B.shows C.showed ??D.showing
(山东高考)I have a lot of readings________ before the end of this term.
completing ??? B.to complete C.completed ??D.being completed
(陕西高考)Claire had luggage________ an hour before her plane left.
check ??? B.checking C.to check ??D.checked
(天津模拟)You should understand the traffic rule by now. You have had it________ often enough.
explaining B.to explain C.explain D.explained
(全国高考)They might just have a place _______________(leave) on the writing course. Why don’t you give it a try?
24. I would like to express my thanks to.........
1) express v. 表达 特快列车，快递 expression-n. expressive-adj.
express oneself=express one’s view表达自己的意见
express one’s idea/feeling
beyond expression无法表达
without expression毫无感情
an express train 特快列车
express delivery services 快递服务
Your goods will be sent by express for free
(经典高考题)The_____ on his face told me that he was angry.
A.impression ??? B.sight C.appearance ??D.expression
(湖南高考)The ability _______ an idea is as important as the idea itself.
expressing ??? B.expressed C.to express ??D.to be expressed
(江苏模拟)He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he_________ it differently.
could express B.would express C.could have expressed D.must have express
(江苏高考)Out of his early struggle to overcome his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to ____________ an idea to an audience builds a person’s confidence.
express B.stress C.contribute D.repeat
(辽宁高考)I should have started the conversation by _____________(express) how my actions affected Eleanor.
25. A newspaper outline usually includes: a headline, a list of main ideas and a list of important details.
Outline: 概述，梗概 n&v
Headline:报纸报道的大字标题，复数表示新闻摘要
Title: 书画、戏剧、乐曲的名称或文章的标题
Since he did not prepare for the entire story before class, he read a(n)________ of the plot instead.
idea ??? B.outline C.headline ??D.topic
26. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
Not knowing her address, I can’t write to her.
现在分词表示主动，所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作时同时或者几乎同时发生的。现在分词作状语，是对谓语动词所表示的动作或状态的补充说明。
(湖南高考)The sun began to rise in the sky,__________(bath) the mountain in golden light.
(福建高考)___________the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.(spend)
(全国高考)The sunlight is white and blinding, ____________(throw) hard-edge shadows on the ground.
(北京高考)Last night, there were millions of people ____________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
(山东高考)There is a note pinned to the door ___________(say) when the shop will open again.
(天津高考)_____________(work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
(重庆高考)Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way _____________(use) the sun and the stars.
27. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.
use v.使用 n.用处 useful adj. 有用的
It is useless/ no use doing sth. 做...无用
be of great/ no use=be useful 很有用/无用
28. Next month the city will open a new park to honor those who died in the terrible disaster.
honor v. honorable adj.荣誉的，值得尊敬的 honorably adv.值得尊敬地，体面地
honor sb./sth. with sth. 给予表扬
an honor to sth./sb. 给某事/某某人增光的人或事物
in honor of sb./sth.=in sb’s/sth’s honor 为向某人/某事表示敬意，为了纪念
on one’s honor 用人格担保，以名誉担保
have the honor of doing sth 有幸做某事
(全国高考)So it was a great honor ____________(invite) backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research.
(江西高考)It is my honor ____________(be) here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.
The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.
be doing...when 正在做某事，突然....
no sooner.....than 一....就.....
be about to do....when .....刚要做某事，突然......
had just/hardly done...when 刚做完某事，突然......
(广东高考)One day, the cow was eating grass __________ it began to rain heavily.
A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
cut across 切穿，抄近路，走捷径
知识拓展:
cut down 削减，减少，砍倒
cut in 插嘴，插话
cut out 裁剪，删除，剪下
cut up 切碎，打伤，使悲伤
cut off 切断，隔绝
(陕西高考)My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ____________.
A.cut out B.cut down C.cut up D.cut off
(江西高考)---Tony, why are your eyes red?
---I __________ up pepper for the last five minutes.
A.cut B.was cutting C.had cut D.have been cutting
31. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed.
Amazing as it may seem, Wednesday night was a quiet night.
否定词：not, seldom(not often), hardly, never, little, scarely, rarely 置于句首时，句子要部分倒装，即助动词置于主语前
as或though引导的让步状语从句一般放在主句之前，且常用倒装语序，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语时名词，前置时则要省略冠词。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Happy as they were, there was something wrong.
(盐城期中)Difficult ______________ part of the passage was to understand, I managed to catch hold of its meaning in the end.
语法：定语从句
先行词为人时，用who(从句中做主语), whom(从句中做宾语),that
先行词为物时，用that, which
只能用that的关系代词的情况：
先行词有序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时
先行词是不定代词all,little, much, everything不定代词等
先行词被all, every, no, little, few, any, the only, the very, the last, just修饰时
先行词既是人也是物时
主句是以who, which开头的特殊疑问句时
关系代词在定语从句中作to be 的表语时
先行词有such, the same修饰时，先行词和关系代词指同一事物
先行词作主句的表语时China isn’t the country that it used to be
只能用which的关系代词的情况：
引导非限制性定语从句
当关系代词前有介词时
当先行词本身是that时
一个句子中两个定语从句时，为避免重复，一个用that, 另一个用which
只能用who的关系代词的情况：
all作先行词且指人时
There be结构中，先行词指人时
关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as? 引导的定语从句的用法
1. (1) But the one million people of the city , who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
(2) The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400, 000.
(3) The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
△ who在从句中充当主语，可以引导限定性和非限定性定语从句。
在第一个句子中，who引导非限定性定语从句。第二和第三个句子中， who引导的是限定性定语从句
2. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away.
△ which? 在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。指物时在限定性定语从句中可与that相互替换，但在非限定性定语从句中，只能用which，不能用that。
本句中，which引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语，不可替换为that。
3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses ,roads and canals. △that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物。本句中that引导限定性定语从句， 指物，作主语，可与which替换。
4. …another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.
△ 本句中which引导限定性定语从句，指物，作主语，可替换为that。
5. (1) It was a city whose hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.
(2) Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
△ whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物。第一个句子中，whose指物，第二个句子中，whose指人。
6. Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write .
△ whom在从句中作宾语，指人，在口语中who 也可作宾语， 两者可以互换。
7. There is no such people as you describe. As we all know, the earth is round.
as 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，常用于两种情况：代替前面的整个句子；当先行词是such, the same或先行词被such, the same修饰时
This is the same bike that I lost two month ago.
This is the same bike as I lost two month ago.
As we all know, as is well known, as you see, as we expect, as often happens, as I can remember, as has been said before, as is/was expected, as can be seen, as may be imagined
拓展：1)关系代词在从句中作主语时，应根据先行词的单复数决定从句谓语动词的单复数。
He is the only one of the students who knows French.
He is one of the students who know French.
2)Is this school the one that you visited last year?
The famous basketball star,_______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
A. where?????? B. when?????? C. which??????????? D. who
She heard a terrible noise, _________brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it?????????? B.? which???? C. this????????????? D. that
York,______ I visited last year, is a nice old city.
A. that???????? B. which?????? C. where??????????? D. in which
The English play ________ many students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which?? B. at which????? C. in which?????????? D. on which
Is this factory _________ you visited last Sunday?
A. the one???? B. which??????? C. that?????????????? D. where
They ask about the things and teachers ______ they still remembered in the school.
A. which????? B. that????????? C. whom???????????? D. that and who
I will always remember those days ______ I spent with him sailing on the sea.
A. on that???? B.?on which???? C.? when??????????? D. which
His English, ______ used to be very poor, is now excellent.
A. that??????? B. which???????? C. it??????????????? D. whom
George Orwell, ______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.
A.?the real name B. what his real name? C. his real name D. whose real name
__________ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.
It????????? B. As?????????? C. That????????????? D. What
(陕西高考)Please send us all the information________ you have about the candidate for the position.
that????? B. as????? C. which??????????? D.what
(重庆高考)We’ll reach the sales targets in a month________ we set at the beginning of the year.
where?????? B. when?????? C. which??????????? D. What
(福建高考)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students______ allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A. where?????? B. what???? C. which??????????? D. who
(全国卷)The prize will go to the writer________ story shows the most imagination.
that?????? B. what?????? C. which??????????? D. Whose
(湖南高考)Care of the soul is a gradual process_______ even the small details of life should be considered.
A.what?????? B. in what?????? C. which??????????? D.in which
(上海高考)An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _________ interact with one another.
where?????? B. what ????? C. which??????????? D. Who
(北京高考) Children who are not alive or __________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
what?????? B. that????? C. which??????????? D. Whose
—where did you find your wallet? —It was in the shop_______ I bought the shirt.
where?????? B. when?????? C. which??????????? D. That
The company and the effect_________ brought about did great good to our business in western countries.
what?????? B. that?????? C. which??????????? D. It
Great changes around us take place before our eyes every day______ we pay little attention.
where?????? B. when?????? C. to which??????????? D. That
(山东高考)Finally he reached a lonely island__________ was completely cut off from outside world.
where?????? B. when?????? C. which??????????? D. whom
(上海高考)Sailing across the ocean alone was an achievement _______ take courage.
where?????? B. what?????? C. which??????????? D. Who
(湖北高考)Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, two _____________________ me greatly.(influence)
—What does the notice say? —All the storytellers should meet at the same hall_______ won the first three prizes.
what?????? B. as?????? C. which??????????? D. Who
Today’s English learners have a wide choice of dictionaries__________ to choose.
from which????? B.in which?????? C. for which??????????? D.of which
We talked about the things and persons_______ we remembered at school.
that?????? B. what?????? C. which??????????? D. Whose
Is this the reason________ she gave for being late yesterday morning?
A.that?????? B.why?????? C. for which??????????? D.to which
(重庆高考) John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of____________ are family members.
them?????? B.that?????? C. which??????????? D.whom
(北京高考)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me.
who?????? B.when?????? C. which??????????? D.where
(山东高考) Maria has written two novels, both of_________ have been made into television series.
them?????? B. that????? C. which??????????? D.what
(全国高考) Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who ____________ evening dress.
wear?????? B.wears?????? C.has worn??????????? D.have worn
(山东高考) There is no simple answer,_________ is often the case in science.
A.as ?????? B. that????? C. when??????????? D.where
(安徽高考) Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,_________ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.
A.it?????? B.that????? C. what?????????? D.which
(天津高考) I wish to thank Professor Smith, without_________ help I would never have got this fair.
who?????? B. whom?????? C. which??????????? D.whose
(安徽高考)A lot of language leaning, _______ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
as?????? B. it?????? C. which??????????? D.this
(江西高考) By 16:30,_________ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.
what?????? B. what?????? C. which??????????? D.that
(江西高考) Among the many dangers ___________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
(安徽高考)The exact year __________ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
(全国高考)For those _________ fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away by car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
(湖南高考)Happiness and success often come to those ___________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
(四川高考)The books on the desk, _________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
(山东高考) A company _______ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
(北京高考)I live next door to a couple ______________children often make a lot of noise.
(福建高考)China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ______________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
(湖南高考)It is a truly delightful place, _____________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
(江苏高考)The number of smokers, ______________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
(北京模拟)Oct. 1st, _______________ is our National Day, is always celebrated with singing and dancing.
(杭州期中)It is such a good place ______________everyone wants to go and visit ____________ it is well-known all over the world.
(江苏高考)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ____________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
(天津高考)My eldest son, _____________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
(北京高考)The little problems ____________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
(全国高考)In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, ____________ is on the rooftop of their house.
(全国高考)Around me in the picture are the things _____________ were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.
(全国高考)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _____________ is not good for the health.
(全国高考)But Sarah, _____________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her education.
词组填空
right_________立即、马上
think_________of对……未重视?
_________into_________突然哭起来
as_________和往常一样?
be_________ an_________结束
lie in_________成为废墟
blow _________吹走?
_________of而不
give sb a_________使某人震惊?
be_________ under ruins被困在废墟中
_________sb _________sth救某人免于?
be_________in a book埋头读书
be_________? _________以……为自豪?
_________sb _________sth在……方面祝贺……
in__________ of为了纪念
握手????_________________
爆发 __________________
大量的，许多的_________________
在---的北边_____________________
搭起，建造_____________________
由---来判断_____________________
作为---而闻名___________________
太---而不能---___________________
分发，发出（气味等）____________
纪念---_____________
数以万计的 _______________________
超过，不仅_______________________
掉下，倒塌_______________________
29.挖掘，发现_______________________
选词填空
第一组：right away, as if, at an end, dig out, a great number of, shock, shake, destroy, prepare
Please think it over. Don’t answer me_______________.
As time goes on,____________ people realize the importance of health.
The war was finally__________________.
The students are expecting to___________ some important facts.
They treat their son__________________ he were a stranger.
The fire__________________ all my books.
He has never done enough_______ for his examinations.
I __________ when I heard about your accident.
The house_______________ as the heavy truck went past.
第二组：be trapped in, be buried in, burst out, rescue... from, burst into, in ruins
______________ thoughts, she didn’t notice the water was boiling.
The city lay_____________ after the earthquake. Now rows of houses are being built.
One minute she_____________ laughter, and the next she__________________ crying-we just couldn’t understand her mood at any moment.
The lifeboat was sent out to____________the sailors________ the sinking ship.
They __________________ the burning building. Please call 119 right away.
第三组：congratulate.....on, do damage to, in honor of, give out, judging by, smelly, steam, shelter, dam, canal, mine
_________________ his accent, he may be from my hometown.
Many volunteers___________________ food in the area hit by the earthquake.
The stadium was named________________ the club’s first chairman.
She _________ me warmly_____________ my exam results.
The earthquake_________________ the area where many houses fell down and many people were trapped in ruins.
The clothes of those who smoke a lot are often __________.
Hundreds of workers were killed in the coal ___________ accidents last year.
The Grand __________ was built during the Sui Dynasty(隋朝).
It looks like rain. We’d better seek ____________ from the rain.
____________ can be seen rising from the boiling kettle(水壶).
Three Gorges (峡)_______on the Changjiang River is a great project in the world.
第四组：pond, fresh, brick, electricity, organize, injure, rise, speech, disaster
Let me write it down while it is still _________ in my mind.
Without __________ in our life would be quite different today.
He got _________ in the right leg while playing football last week.
At Jerry’s party, Mr Smith delivered an amusing _________.
If a nuclear war should break out, it would bring a great _________ to man.
Our class went on an _________ trip last Monday.
Stones and _________ are used to build a house.
From yesterday on the temperature began to _________.
The water in the small _________ froze and kids skated on it.
二、语法填空
1. Luckily, we’d bought a road map without _______ we would have lost our way.
2. Her sister has become a lawyer, _________ was always her dream.
3. The boy_________ you’re talking about is the one_______helped the blind woman across the road.
4. ----Is that small town you refer to?
----Right, it’s the one________ I used to live in years ago.
5. I have many friends, some of ________are businessmen.
6. The earthquake was caused by the__________ (move) of plates.
7. Scientists try to predict the_____________(nature) disaster.
8. It__________(shock) me to see how my neighbors treated their children.
9. The whole city was____________(complete) destroyed in the earthquake.
10.It is_____________(use) quarreling with him. He won’t listen to you.
11. It seems____________he knew everything.
12. __________is well known to everyone, the Olympic Games every four years.
13. I’m sorry to keep you________(wait) so long.
14. They carried the children to _______ (safe).
15. Death finally brought an end to his ________(suffer).
16. It was ________(amaze) that the boy was able to climb over the high wall.
17. When food goes bad, it becomes____________(smell).
18. Two players are out of the team because of _____________(injure).
19. With more forests______________(destroy), huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.
20. The girl cried because she was trapped__________ the lift.
21. The man was so buried__________ thought that he didn’t see the pole on the road.
22.（山东潍坊三县市联考) An earthquake is a shaking of the ground ____________(cause) by the sudden breaking and shifting of large sections of the earth's rocky outer shell. Earthquakes are among the most____________(power)events on earth, and their results can be terrifying. A severe earthquake may release energy 10,000 times as great as that of the first atomic bomb. Rock movements during___________earthquake can make rivers change their courses. Earthquakes can trigger landslides that cause great damage and loss of___________(live). Large earthquakes beneath the ocean can create a series__________huge, destructive waves that flood coasts for many miles.
23. Earthquakes almost never kill people directly. Instead, many deaths and__________(injure) in earthquakes result from___________(fall) objects and the collapse of buildings, bridges, and other structures. Fire resulting from____________(break) as or power lines is another major danger during an earthquake. Spills of__________(harm) chemicals are also a concern during an earthquake.
Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places___________have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them___________ (regular). Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous.
The most_____________ (talk) about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska.
Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded ______________ (feel) in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died.
One of the worst_______________ (earthquake) ever was in China in 1976. It killed ___________large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, ___________which 400,000 people were killed __________injured. This earthquake happened in 1556.
Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they ____________ (come). People can not prepare for it.
三、翻译句子
1. 他的突然去世对他的家人是个打击。(shock)
2. 这位战士把溺水的男孩救了起来。 ( rescue…from )
3. 不是所有的孩子都通过了这次英语考试。(部分否定)
4. 据报道，大量的乘客在昨天的火车事故中严重受伤，并且死亡的人数超过50人。(a number of; the number of)
5. 当他得知他妻子死亡的消息时， 他觉得整个世界似乎要结束了。(at an end )
6. 我们别在屋里谈，到院子里谈吧。(instead of )
7. 她好像知道了真相。（It seemed as if …)
8. 从她上一封信来看，他们过得非常愉快。(judging from…)
几天后，许多在地震中被破坏的建筑物被修复。(damage, repair)
工作们为那些家园被毁的幸存者们修建避难所。（survivor, destroy)
武夷山是如此有吸引力的名胜，以至于所有人都乐意去参观.(so....that)
听到你如此高度评价我是一件荣幸的事。(honor)
听到这个坏消息，我的悲伤难以表达。(express)
我的电脑又出故障了，我明天请人修理下。(have sth done)
(四川) 阅读理解
A schoolgirl saved her father’s life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic(过敏的) reaction which stopped his heart .
Izzy, nine, restarted father Colm’s heart by stamping(踩)on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.
Izzy’s mother, Debbie, immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father, so decided to use CPR.
However, she quickly discovered her arms weren’t strong enough, so she stamped on her father’s chest instead.
Debbie them took over with some more conventional chest compressions(按压) until the ambulance arrived .
Izzy, who has been given a bravery award by her school, said：“I just kicked him really hard. My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn’t strong enough to use hands .I was quite scared .The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse, My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”
“She’s a little star,” said Debbie, “I was really upset but Izzy just took over . I just can’t believe what she did. I really think all children should be taught first aid. Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up. Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we’ve got to see an expert.”
Truck driver Colm, 35, suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital, but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day. The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled, preventing him from breathing, his blood pressure dropped suddenly, and his heart stopped for a moment.
He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.
39. Izzy kicked her father in the chest_________.
A. to express her helplessness B. to practice CPR on him
C. to keep him awake D. to restart his heat
40. What’s the right order of the events?
① Izzy kicked Colm ② Debbie called 999
③ Izzy learned CPR ④ Colm’s heart stopped.
A. ③①②④ B.④②③① C. ③④②① D. ④③①②
41. What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about?
A .What Colm suffered. B. Colm’s present condition.
C .What caused Colm’s allergy. D. Symptoms of Colm’s allergic reaction.
42. Why does the author write the news?
A. To describe a serious accident. B. To prove the importance of CPR.
C. To report a 9-year-old girl’s brave act. D .To call people’s attention to allergic reaction.
