Unit 1 Cultural Heritage
Period 3 Discovering Useful Structure
Restrictive relative clauses (3)
【学习目标】
1. To review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.
2. To learn to use some special cases concerning restrictive relative clauses flexibly.
【学习重难点】
1. To appreciate the function of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses in a sentence.
2. To write essays using the proper relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.
【课前诊断】
本节语法思考：定语从句在复合句中的作用是什么？关系词有哪些？
【学习过程】
Step 1：巩固复习限定性定语从句基本用法。
定语从句关系代词用法：
定语从句中关系代词的选用主要由______________决定。当先行词是表示人的名词或代词时，关系代词一般用___________，____________，___________；当先行词是表示事物的名词或代词时，关系代词一般用__________________；当先行词既有表示事物的名词或代词，又有表示人的名词或代词时，关系代词一般用________________________。whose用作关系代词时，它表示“_____________”，whose引导定语从句时，其先行词可以是指人的名词，其实也可以是指_________________的名词。
关系副词的用法：
如果先行词是指代“时间的名词”，还原到定语从句中作_________，则用关系副词when；如果先行词是指代“地点的名词”，还原到定语从句中作___________，则用关系副词where；如果先行词是指代“原因的名词（reason）”，还原到定语从句中作______________，则用关系副词why。
Step 2: 限制性定语从句几种特殊情况。
一、定语从句中介词+关系代词用法
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。关系代词只能用___________或______________。先行词指物时， 用_______________，先行词指人时，用____________。
在这个结构中，介词的确定的原则是：
1.依据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。
He is the man on __________ you can rely.
他是你可以信赖的人。
Jack introduced to me his friend with ________________ I was not very familiar.
杰克向我介绍了我不很熟悉的那个朋友。
2.依据与先行词搭配的具体意义而定。
I’ll never forget the day on _________________ we worked together in the countryside.
我不会忘记我们一起在乡下工作的日子。
3.根据所表达的意思来确定。
The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through ________________ we could see what was happening inside the house.
这个聪明的孩子在墙上挖了一个洞，透过它我们可以看到屋里发生的事情。
4.表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。
Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ______________ she spoke fluently.
朱丽亚擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三样她都说得流利。
5.在定语从句中有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after, look for等。
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. (正确)
The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy. (错误)
二、介词+关系代词常见句型：
1.“代词+ of + which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句
这个结构中，代词常常为all, each, one, many, much, most, some, none, both等，“代词+ of + which/whom”通常在定语从句中用作主语，说明整体中的一部分。有时候也可把“of + which/whom”置于代词前。
It is reported that two schools, both of _____________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year.
据报道，在我的家乡两所学校都正在建设中，将于明年投入使用。
2.“数词+of + which/whom”引导定语从句
这种结构常用来引导非限制性定语从句，有时候也可以把“of + which/whom”置于数词前。
3.“the+名词+ of which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句
这个结构中，of which/whom充当定语，修饰前面的名词，整个结构相当于“whose+名词”引导的定语从句。
4.“the+形容词比较级(最高级)+ of + which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句
There are two buildings, the larger of ______________ stands nearly a hundred feet height。
这儿有两座建筑物，较大的那一座几乎有100英尺高。
三、限制性定语从句中，关系词可以省略的几种情况。
1.定语从句的先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系词通常省略。
I have taken with me the two books (that/which) you asked me to return to the City Library。
我把你要我送还给市图书馆的那两本书带走了。
2.先行词是way, reason, time, place等且它们在定语从句中分别作方式、原因、时间和地点状语时，其后定语从句的相应关系词that/in which, why/that, when, where等可以省略。
The way (that/in which) you look at the problem is wrong.
你看待问题的方式是错误的。
3.由and, but, or等并列连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰同一个先行词时，第一个关系词可以省略，但第二、三个一般不可以省略。
The reason (why/that) he wanted to sell his house was that he needed a lot of money for his operation.
他想卖掉房子的原因是他的手术需要很多钱。
Step 3 课后巩固
用关系代词和关系副词填空。
1. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
2. Kale, _________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
3. Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
4. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
5. Many young people, most of ______ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
6. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
7. It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages,
8. Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ______________ you can hear some lovely music.
9. He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of ____ were published in the 1990s.
10. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _________he should be able to be independent.
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Unit 1 Cultural Heritage
Period 1 Listening and Speaking ＆ Listening and Talking
【学习目标】
1. To understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details;
2. To guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to participate in cultural heritage protection activities.
3. To use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I beg your pardon, but…” “Forgive me for asking, but…” and so on to start the conversation more politely and appropriately.
【学习重难点】
1. To guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to participate in cultural heritage protection activities.
2. To use the functional items of “starting a conversation”, which is used to smoothly start a conversation or start a new topic.
【学习过程】
Step 1: Lead in
What does the word “heritage” mean? Share your ideas about your understanding and you can use examples to illustrate your meaning.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2: Prediction
Predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.
_________________________________________________________________________________
Step 3: Summary of the main idea
Then play the radio which is about an interview about an international youth cultural heritage protection project. And after finishing listening for the first time, you need to solve the following tasks.
1. Listen to the conversation and sum up the main idea
Youths from seven countries are working together to protect cultural relics on _______
2. Listen again and help the reporter to complete the interview notes.
International youth project, _________ high school students from 7 countries
Mount Tai, one of the most __________________________ mountains in China
It has been _________________________for more than 3,000 years.
22 temples, around 1,800_____________________________ with writing on them
Dai Temple on______________________; over 6,000 ______________________
Listening tip: Use context to guess words. To guess the meaning of new words, look at the other words and use what you know about the topic.
Step 4: Guessing the meaning of the unknown words
Listen to the conversation again and use the context to guess the meaning of the words below. And tell the reasons why you guess so.
Preserve
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Promote
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 5: Speaking Project
Work in pairs or groups and role play a conversation.
Suppose you are a reporter and interviewing the students who devote their time to protecting the heritage.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Part 2: Listening and Talking
Step 1: Listen to the tape, which is about a dialogue between two tourists and a tour guide when they visit the Kremlin, Red Square and surrounding buildings for the first time, and then complete the following tasks.
1. Listen to the conversation and answer.
(1).Where are the speakers?
___________________________________________________________________________
(2).What are they doing?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What do you know about the Kremlin and Red Square? Listen again and complete the fact sheet.
World Cultural Heritage Site Fact Sheet
THE KREMLIN AND RED SQUARE, MOSCOW
●Built between the______ and ___________centuries
●The palace where______________ lives
●The Saint Basil’s Cathedral looks like__________________
●The___________________ part of Moscow
●Place for parades, concerts, and even_________________
Step 2: Speaking Project
Activity 3 on page 7.
Work in groups. Choose a cultural site that you like and role-play a conversation between some tourists and their tour guide. Take turns to play the different roles.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Unit 1 Cultural Heritage
Period 2 Reading and Thinking:
From Problems to Solutions
【学习目标】
1. To understand how a problem was solved.
2. To understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community.
【学习重难点】
1. To understand the main information and text structure of the reading text.
2. To use the reading strategy “make a timeline” according to the appropriate text genre,
3. To clearly summarize the methods and processes of problem solving, and appreciate the necessity and significance of cultural relics protection,
【学习过程】
1. Prediction
Step 1 Predicting the main idea of the passage
Look at the title and the pictures, and then predict what the passage will be about.
Q: What will be talked about?
_____________________________________________________________________________
Step2: Fast reading tasks
Task of the first fast reading:
Read quickly and figure out the key words of each paragraph.
Task of the second fast reading:
1. Why did the Egyptian government want to build a new dam in the 1950s?
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. Why did the building of the dam lead to protests?
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. How did the government save the cultural relics?
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. Which one can describe the project? ( )
A. Successful. B. Negative. C. Useless. D. Doubtful.
5. What can be learned from the Aswan Dam project?
_____________________________________________________________________________
Step3: Careful reading tasks
Read more carefully and answer the following questions.
1. What do “problems” refer to and what do “solutions” refer to?
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. Find out the numbers in paragraph four and explain why the author used exact numbers instead of expressions like many.
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. What can you infer from “Over the next 20 years, thousands of engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and countless cultural relics”?
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. What can you infer from “Fifty countries donated nearly 80 million to the project”?
The project cost a lot of money.
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. Before the building of the dam, what problems did the Nile River bring to the Egyptian?
_____________________________________________________________________________
6. What words can you think of to describe the working process of the project?
_____________________________________________________________________________
Step 4: Consolidation
Divide the passage into three parts and then fill in the blanks.
Part 1 ( )
The introduction of the topic
Keeping the right balance between progress and the (1) _________ of cultural sites is a big challenge.
Part 2 ( )
The process of (1) ______ cultural relics
?Big challenges can sometimes lead to great (2) ________.
?The Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam, which would (3)_______ many cultural relics.
?The government (4) ________the UN for help.
?Experts made a (5)________ for how to save cultural relics after a lot of efforts and the work began.
?Cultural relics were (6) __________and moved to a safe place.
?Countless cultural relics were rescued.
?The project was a (7)_______.
Part 3 ( )
The summary of the text
The global community can sometimes (8)_______ a solution to a difficult problem for a single (9)______.
Step 5: Critical thinking:
1. How to deal with the construction and the protection of cultural relics?
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. As students, what should we do to protect our cultural relics?
_____________________________________________________________________________
Step 6: summary
The outline of the passage
Introduce the topic:
List the evidence: In the 1950s In 1959, In 1960, In 1961, Over the next twenty years, In 1980,
Conclusion
Step 7 Homework:
Review what we have learned and find out the key language points in the text.
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Unit 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE
Reading for Writing
【学习目标】
1. To acquire some features about a news report by reading the text.
2. To write a summary about a news report properly using some newly acquired writing skills in this period.
3. To absorb some language points concerning the topic.
【学习重难点】
1. To have a good understanding of how to a summary about a news report
2. To write a news report properly and concisely.
【学习过程】
一、自主探究
Step 1 Lead in
Do you think it is necessary for us to circulate our cultural heritage to the world? Why or why not?
Do we need to learn more about other countries’ cultural heritage? Why or why not?
Step 2: Read to discover details concerning the main body of the news report
Read the news report and then solve the questions below.
1. What are the researchers and scientists trying to do?
2. What modern technology are they using?
3. Why are so many people interested in the Mogao Caves?
4. What do you think of the researcher's opinion in the last paragraph?
Step 3: Study the organization and language features
1. Read the news report again and find these parts.
A. Lead sentence
B. Direct quote
C. Paraphrase
D. Background information
E. Reporting verbs
F. Words to show comparison and/or contrast
2. Underline the relative clauses that the writer uses to identify the following.
A .things
B. people
C. time
Step 4: Post reading for further summary and understanding
1. Why does the write use the quote in the report?
2. Explain your understanding of the sentences: “Appreciating one’s own cultural heritage is very important for understanding ourselves. Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding.”
二、实践研究
Step 5 Use what you have learnt to write a news report
1. Write a news report about Li Hua who works to protect our cultural heritage using the following notes and you can add details to make the news report more concise and detailed.
?Name: Li Hua
Place: Xi’an
Profession: a senior high school teacher
?wants to preserve cultural heritage:
?protect old houses
?takes photos of old buildings
?helps repair buildings
?looks for cultural relics
? interviews old people
? shows cultural relics to the public
? writes about the buildings …
2. Writing Strategies
①The Headline
(Lead sentence) Write a title to get readers’ attention.
Tell the readers who, what, where, and why.
②Body
(Tell the reader the facts, details, examples, etc.)
③Explain what the person or group does.
Use relative clauses.
Use quotes and paraphrases.
④Ending
End with a short summary to help the readers remember the main idea.
3. Your version:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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