(共33张PPT)
Unit 6 At one with nature
Developing ideas
A Love of Gardening
"(1) If you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden. " These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, (2) first published in 1911. At that time, only the very rich in Britain had gardens. Very soon after this, homes with gardens began to be built. d. This__is__what__started__the__British__love__of__gardening! Today, millions of Brits like to say (3) that they have " green fingers" , with around half the population spending their free time gardening.
c. For_many_people_in_the_UK, their__garden__is__their__own__private__world. Each spring, children plant sunflowers and wait to see (4) which one is the tallest. Expert gardeners know just the right corner for roses, and others spend hours trying to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions. And (5) while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.
b. But_in_cities, limited_space_has_led_to_people__looking__for__new__solutions. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things. Today, there are over 4, 000 people in London (6) waiting for such pieces of land. One recent idea has been to turn rooftops and walls into private gardens. These gardens have helped make the cities greener and improve air quality.
a. As__well__as__being__good__for__the__environment,__gardening__is__also__good__for__the__soul. What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? And if you' re in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden: "Where you tend a rose... A thistle cannot grow. "
(1) if引导条件状语从句；that引导宾语从句作see的宾语。
(2) first published in 1911为过去分词短语作后置定语。
(3) that引导宾语从句，作say的宾语，that在从句中不作成分；另外“with＋宾语＋现在分词短语”构成的with的复合结构。
(4) which引导宾语从句，作see的宾语。
(5) while“而，然而”引导并列句，表示对比；后句含有“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，其中不定式作状语。
(6) 此处为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰people。
①publish v. 出版
②at that time在那时，那时
③millions of数以百万计的
④green finger高超的种植技能
⑤spend...(in) doing sth花费（时间、金钱）做某事
⑥expert adj. 内行的，专家的
⑦gardener n. 园艺爱好者，园丁
⑧enter into...参与；进入
⑨beauty n. 美，美丽
⑩rent v. 租用，租借
?turn...into...把……变成……
?rooftop n. 屋顶
?improve v. 改善，改进
?air quality空气质量
?as well as又；也；除……之外
?be good for对……有益
?soul n. 灵魂
?allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事
?at one with nature与大自然融为一体
Step Ⅰ Factual reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1. What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A. Different from people in other countries, the British people' s fingers are green.
B. All the British people have their own gardens.
C. Around half the population spend most of their free time gardening.
D. Lots of British people not only love but also are good at gardening.
2. What do the words "the world around them" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. their houses B. their gardens
C. their living conditions D. their hometown
3. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. Gardens have helped make the cities greener and improve air quality.
B. Today more than 4, 000 Londoners rent small pieces of land on which to grow things.
C. But in cities, limited space has led to people looking for new solutions.
D. Some people have turned rooftops and walls into private gardens.
答案 1. D 2. B 3. C
Step Ⅱ Cloze test
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
"1. ____________ you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden. " These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, first 2. ____________ (publish) in 1911. At that time, only the very rich in Britain 3. ____________ (have) gardens. However, today, millions of Brits like to say that they have "green fingers", 4. ____________ around half the population spending their free time gardening. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which 5. ____________ (grow) things. Today, there are over 4, 000 people in London
If
published
had
with
to grow
6. ____________ (wait) for such pieces of land. One recent idea has been to turn rooftops and walls into private 7. ____________ (garden) . These gardens have helped make the cities 8. ____________ (green) and improve air quality. As well as being good for the 9. ____________ (environmental) , gardening is also good for 10. ____________ soul.
waiting
gardens
greener
environment
the
1. replace vt. 以……替换，更换；放回原处
·In sentence (a) , can we replace "in which" with "where" without changing the meaning?
（教材P65）在句(a) 中，在不改变句意的情况下，我们能用“in which”代替“where”吗？
?写出下列句中replace的含义
①Do you think it is possible that robots will replace the workers in the factories in the future? ____________
②You have to replace the books on the shelves before you leave. ____________
替换
放回原处
?单句语法填空/句型转换
③It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced ____________ a modern hotel or not.
④John is ill and I want to know who is going to replace him.
→John is ill and I want to know who is going to ________ ________ ________ ________ him/ ________ ________ ________.
with/ by
take
the
place
of
take
his
place
用法总结
replace sth with/ by sth用/以……代替/替换……
take the place of＝take one' s place 代替
in place of 代替
2. expert adj. 内行的，专家的n. 专家
·Expert gardeners know just the right corner for roses, and others spend hours trying to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions. （教材P68）
专业的园艺爱好者知道种植玫瑰的合适角落，另外一些人则花费好几个小时试图种植蔬菜来参与竞争。
·She is an expert in child psychology. 她是儿童心理学家。
·A musician is one who is expert in playing a musical instrument.
音乐家是指擅长演奏某种乐器的人。
?句型转换/翻译句子
①She is an expert in/ on/ at training animals.
→She ________ ________ ________ training animals.
②Even expert drivers can make mistakes.
_______________________________________________________________
is
expert
in/ at
即使很熟练的驾驶员也会犯错误。
用法总结
an expert on/ in/ at… 某方面的专家
be expert in/ at 在某方面擅长
3. rent v. 租用，租借n. 租金
·Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things.
（教材P69）那些没有外部空间的人可以租用小块土地种东西。
·Some farmers rent their land from the council. 一些农民从地方议会租用土地。
·With the development of pulling down household, it is harder to find apartments for rent. 随着房屋拆迁的扩大，租房更难了。
?介词填空
①Does he still live in the flat that was rented ____________ a local farmer three years ago?
②Can you tell me what kind of cars you have ____________ rent?
from
for
用法总结
rent sth from sb 从某人处租用某物
for rent 供租用的
4. limited adj. 有限的
·But in cities, limited space has led to people looking for new solutions. （教材P70）
但是在城市，有限的空间使人们寻找新的解决方法。
·She has reached the limit of her patience. 她已到了忍无可忍的地步。
·They limit the speed of cars to 50 kilometers per hour on this road.
他们限定这条路的车速为每小时50千米。
?单句语法填空/补全句子
①They have to set a limit ____________ the cost.
②The speed of cars and trucks _____________________ per hour in large cities in China.
在中国的大城市里，小汽车和卡车的车速限定在每小时30千米。
to
is limited to 30 kilometers
单词一族
limit n. 限制；极限；界限
vt. 限制
limitless adj. 无限制的，无界限的
用法总结
set a limit to 限制，控制
reach the limit 达到极限
limit...to... 把……限制在……
5. benefit n. 好处，益处vt. 有利于；有益于；受益
·What are the benefits of gardening? （教材P70）园艺的好处是什么？
·As we know, books are the source of knowledge. I benefit a great deal from reading.
我们都知道书是知识的源泉。我从读书中获益匪浅。
·Doing exercise every day is of great benefit to health.
天天做运动对健康有好处。
·The soldier lost his life for the benefit of his motherland.
这名士兵为了祖国的利益献出了生命。
?单句语法填空/补全句子
①The doctor considered that the change would be ____________ (benefit) to her health.
②It is said that Yoga is of great benefit ____________ health.
③There is no doubt that the plants _______________________________.
毫无疑问这些植物会从这场雨中受益。
beneficial
to
will benefit from the rain
单词一族
beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的
用法总结
(1) for the benefit of＝ for one' s benefit 为了……的利益
be of benefit to 有益于；对……有好处
(2) benefit from/ by... 从……中受益/获益
名师提醒
benefit一般为不可数名词，但意为“具体的好处”时是可数名词，可用复数形式。
as well as既……又……，不但……而且……；和……一样好
·As well as being good for the environment, gardening is also good for the soul. （教材P70）
园艺不仅对环境有好处，而且有益于心灵。
as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，它强调的是前者，后者只是顺便提及。当它连接主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词与主语保持一致。
·Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.
→Not only you but also your wife is friendly to me.
不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。
·You look as well as you did ten years ago. 你的身体看起来还和十年前一样好。
?选词填空：as well/ as well as
①Electric energy can be changed into light energy ________________ into sound energy.
②Tom is going to London and his brother is going ________________.
?句型转换
③He speaks not only English but also French.
→He speaks French ________ ________ ________ ________.
as well as
as well
as
well
as
English
短语记牢
as well 也，又，还（常位于句末）
名师提醒
not only...but also...连接两个并列的主语时，它强调的是后者。因此，谓语动词和后面的主语保持一致。
And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them. （教材P68）许多英国人最喜欢星期天剪草坪，而一些人则高兴地坐在树枝下，享受他们的花园之美。
【分析】 本句中while用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示一种对比关系。
【拓展】 while的用法：
(1) while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”
(2) while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，一般放在句首，相当于although
(3) while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”
·Cloning plants is simple while cloning animals is very complicated.
克隆植物简单，但克隆动物就非常复杂了。
·While the Internet is of great help, I don' t think it' s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
虽然网络很有帮助，但我认为在网上花太多时间不是个好主意。
·I learnt a lot of French while I was in Paris. 在巴黎时我学了很多法语。
·While there is life, there is hope. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
补全句子
①You like sports, ____________________.
你喜欢体育，而我更喜欢音乐。
②I lived in a dorm ____________________.
我求学期间住在宿舍里。
③__________________________, he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对学生们很严格。
while I prefer music
while I was a student
While he loves his students
Thank you
(共20张PPT)
Unit 6 At one with nature
Listening & Writing
Listening——热点突破之语言学
【话题范围】
语言学习主要包括语言学习内容、学习时间、学习地点、学习者的态度和体态语的含义等。
【听力场景】 学校、家等。
1. 熟知语言学习话题相关词汇和常见谈论方式；
2. 通过快速浏览题干和选项把握语言学习话题，提取平时积累的语言背景文化知识进行听前预测；
3. 培养对语言学习场景的推理能力，体会背景文化习俗的不同，以助于材料的整体理解。
【备考策略】
【话题词汇】
language 语言pronounce 发音
translate 翻译 vocabulary 词汇
dictionary 词典 native 本地的
fluent 流利的 spoken language 口语
written language 书面语 body language 体态语
gesture 手势 eye contact 目光接触
English Corner 英语角 study for a test 准备考试
facial expressions 面部表情 turn to... 翻到……
pick up 偶然习得 look up 查阅
have an advantage over 比……有优势
learn...by heart 用心学……
form the habit of reading 养成阅读的习惯
cultural background 文化背景
cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流
have a good command of 精通
enrich one' s vocabulary 丰富某人的词汇量
1. 专业：My major is Chinese. 我的专业是中文。
2. 评价：You speak English like a native speaker.
你就像本地人那样讲英语。
3. 建议：You should make good use of your time to study English.
你应该好好利用时间学英语。
It is important to develop the habit of reading.
养成阅读的习惯是很重要的。
4. 语言：English is one of the most widely used languages of the world.
英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言之一。
【话题句式】
5. 学习：Kathy picked up a lot of Spanish by playing with native boys and girls.
凯西在和西班牙土生土长的孩子们一起玩耍时，学到了一些西班牙语。
6. 体态语：Body language is widely used in our daily life.
肢体语言在日常生活中被广泛应用。
Writing——概要写作
概要写作是在正确理解文章的基础上，在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。
在写概要时，要按照“六步法”的程序进行，具体操作方法如下：
1. Scan the passage—览全文，定体裁。
2. Underline the main points—划要点
3. Miss the details—省细节
4. Analyse the structure—析结构
5. Restate the points—换表达
6. Yoke the sentences to a passage—连全文
【增分佳句】
1. 议论文可用以下开头语：
(1) The passage/ author argues that...本文/作者主张……
(2) The passage/ author highlights the importance of...本文/作者强调了……的重要性。
(3) The passage/ author discusses the impact of...本文/作者讨论了……的影响。
(4) The passage/ author compares...with...本文/作者比较了……与……
2. 说明文可用以下开头语：
(1) According to the passage，we can know...根据文章我们可知……
(2) This passage/ article is mainly about...这篇文章主要是关于……
(3) In the passage，the writer/ author mainly tells us...在这篇文章中作者主要告诉我们……
(4) A new study found...一个新的研究发现……
(5) The purpose of the report is to show...这一报告的目的是表明……
3. 记叙文可用以下开头语：
(1) The passage/ story is mainly about...本文/这个故事主要是关于……
(2) The author tells us a story about...作者告诉我们一个关于……的故事
(3) The passage is a story about...本文是一个关于……的故事
(4) According to the passage，we know...根据短文，我们知道……
The familiar yellow school bus is the largest system of mass transportation in the US and every school day transports roughly 25 million young people to school and home again after the school day ends. Meanwhile, they are the safest method for getting kids to and from school, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) . Children are 70 times more likely to arrive at school safely on the school bus than if they had traveled to school driving themselves or riding with friends.
These school buses meet more of the nation' s motor vehicle safety standards than any other vehicles on the road. Also, several new technologies available today are making school buses even safer, such as video cameras on the inside and outside, stop arm cameras, GPS tracking and collision lessening systems. Another safety tool on school buses is high seat backs, closely-spaced seats and energy-absorbing seating.
But even the safeness of school buses would not completely sum up why children are safer when riding the big, yellow bus. The bus is only as safe as the professional men and women who drive them. All drivers must obtain a Class B or C Commercial Driver' s License(CDL) . They are randomly tested for alcohol and drugs, usually have their driving record checked, and are given the same review for criminal history as teachers and other employees who have contact with students. In order to serve as a school bus driver, most applicants are required to successfully complete a training course, along with instruction in the classroom and behind the wheel.
School buses are safe for the environment, not only because each bus replaces 36-passenger cars that would, but for the buses, be on the road taking and picking up school children. Additionally, school buses use alternative green fuels like natural gas, and electric power.
Todd Monteferrario, President of the National School Transportation Association, said parents should remember that the safest and smartest choice is to put their children on the big yellow bus when they can.
【写作指导】
文章体裁 议论文
话题 It is the safest way for kids to and from school by the yellow school bus.
结构 总—分—总
要点 可能用到的词汇和句型
校车满足了较高的车辆安全标准且技术配备先进。 not only...but also..., meet, equip
公共汽车司机必须通过严格的资格考试和安全驾驶培训。 pass, qualification, training
校车以绿色燃料为动力，减少了私家车上路，因此很环保。 power, reduce, hit the roads, environmentally
The school bus is the safest and wisest choice to school in the US for the following reasons. Firstly, school buses not only meet high vehicle safety standards but also are technologically equipped. (要点1) Secondly, the bus drivers have to pass strict qualification tests and safety driving trainings. (要点2) Thirdly, school buses, powered by green fuels, are environmentally safe by reducing the number of private cars hitting the roads. (要点3) Therefore, children are encouraged to go to school by school bus.
【参考范文】
Thank you
(共42张PPT)
Unit 6 At one with nature
Starting out & Understanding ideas
Longji Rice Terraces
Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun. Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. During autumn, these same mountains are gold, and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost. These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.
These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, (1) to whom Guangxi is home. (2) Starting in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took hundreds of years, until its completion in the early Qing Dynasty. Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains, often from the bottom to the very top.
So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces? Firstly, there are few large, flat areas of land in the region. Building the terraces therefore meant (3) that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice. Secondly, (4) although the region has plenty of rain, the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow. The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.
But perhaps (5) what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other. During the rainy season, (6) it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour. This forms clouds (7) from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again. These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, (8) some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.
Although modern technology could help produce more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the people (9) for whom traditions hold much value. This knowledge is passed down through families, (10) which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces. Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors (11) who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together.
(1) 此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
(2) starting in...是现在分词短语作时间状语。
(3) that引导宾语从句，其中包含一个“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
(4) although引导让步状语从句。
(5) what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语；in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the way。
(6) 此处为强调句型it is...that...，强调状语along these waterways。
(7) from which引导定语从句，修饰先行词clouds。
(8) 此处为“不定代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词birds and fish；其中又包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词insects。
(9) for whom引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。
(10) which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句；that引导的是宾语从句。
(11) who引导定语从句，修饰先行词visitors；created by people为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰wonder。
①terrace n. 梯田
②wrap v. 包，裹
③sheet n. （冰或水等的）一大片
④frost n. 霜
⑤dynasty n. 朝代
⑥completion n. 完成，结束
⑦region n. 地区，区域
⑧therefore adv. 因此，由此
⑨steep adj. 陡的，陡峭的
⑩soil n. 土壤
?shallow adj. 浅的
?prevent v. 阻挡，防止
prevent sb/ sth from doing sth阻止某人/某物做某事
?wash away 冲走
?significant adj. 重要的，影响深远的
?harmony n. 融洽相处，和谐
in harmony with与……协调，与……一致
?design v. 设计
?waterway n. 水路，航道
?once again再一次
Step Ⅰ General reading
Match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para. 1 A. A brief introduction of the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice
Para. 2 B. Thousands of visitors come to the Longji Rice Terraces to admire this great wonder.
Para. 3 C. Who built the terraces and how long it took to complete the terraces
Para. 4 D. A brief introduction of the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces
Para. 5 E. Why did these people turn entire mountains into terraces?
答案 Para. 1—D Para. 2—C Para. 3—E Para. 4—A Para. 5—B
Step Ⅱ Factual reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1. How long did the Longji Rice Terraces last?
A. A century. B. Hundreds of years.
C. Thousands of years. D. Fifty years.
2. The significance of the Longji Rice Terraces lies in the fact that ________.
A. they were built by the Zhuang and Yao people living in Guangxi
B. they increase the areas in which they could grow rice
C. they can catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away
D. people worked in harmony with nature to create the Longji Rice Terraces
3. What' s the right order of the working principle of the Longji Rice Terraces?
①Rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.
②The water is turned into gas.
③Along these waterways rainwater moves down the mountains and into terraces.
④The sun heats the water.
⑤Clouds form.
A. ③①②⑤④ B. ③④②⑤①
C. ③⑤②①④ D. ③②④①⑤
4. What is the author' s purpose in writing the text?
A. To introduce how the Longji Rice Terraces were built.
B. To praise the wisdom of the ethnic groups living in Guangxi.
C. To explain how people worked in harmony with nature to create the Longji Rice Terraces.
D. To describe the beauty of the Longji Rice Terraces and to attract visitors to this scenic spot.
答案 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C
Step Ⅲ Cloze test
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
The Longji Rice Terraces 1. ____________ (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home. 2. ____________ (start) in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took hundreds of years, until 3. ____________ (it) completion in the early Qing Dynasty. These terraces increase the areas 4. ____________ which people grow rice. Besides, they can catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from 5. ____________ (wash) away. But perhaps 6. ____________ is most significant is the way in which people 7. ____________ (work) in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. Although modern
were built
Starting
its
in
being washed
what
have worked
technology could help produce more 8. ____________ (crop) , new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces. Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of 9. ____________ (visit) who come to admire this great wonder created by people 10. ____________ nature working together.
crops
visitors
and
Ⅰ. 词汇语境认知
1. They are looking for ways of helping space pioneers grow their own crops. ____________
2. The road was covered with a sheet of ice. ____________________
3. Cliffs are the steep sides of mountains at the edge of a river or the sea. ____________
4. You' d better practice swimming in a shallow pool. ____________
5. Smoking and alcohol drinking do harm to one' s health a great deal, and therefore should be given up. ____________
6. Floods washed much of the topsoil away. ____________
——写出语境中加黑单词或短语的意义
庄稼
（冰或水等的）一大片
陡峭的
浅的
因此
冲走
Ⅱ. 单词语境记忆
1. Flooding is likely in some coastal ____________ (地区) of the northeast during the early part of the week.
2. We plant trees every year so as to protect the ____________ (土壤) on the hill.
3. This kind of stamps is ____________ (设计) by some students who are learning art at our university.
4. The number of people employed in ____________(农业) has fallen in the last decade.
5. Too much sun will ____________ (伤害) your skin.
6. It is right for your school to ____________ (阻止) you from using cell phones.
7. If we want to live in ____________ (和谐) with nature, we must protect the environment.
8. Repair work is scheduled for ____________ (完成) in April.
——根据句意和汉语提示写出单词的适当形式
regions
soil
designed
agriculture
harm
prevent
harmony
completion
Ⅲ. 短语语境填空
1. We are taking steps to ________ air ________ (阻止……) being polluted.
2. Australia ________________ (是……的生长地) the kangroo.
3. The witch ________ the frog ________ (把……变成……) a prince.
4. I' ll call him ________________ (再一次) , but then we have to leave.
5. They come out only at night and ________________ (以……为食) some insects.
6. These traditions have been ________________ (传下来) from one generation to the next.
7. Our mission is to find ways for people to live _________________ (与……和谐) nature.
——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
prevent
from
is home to
turned
into
once again
feed on
passed down
in harmony with
1. harmony n. 融洽相处，和谐
·But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. （教材P63）但是也许最重要的是人们制造这些梯田、种植水稻但又与大自然和谐相处的方式。
·We must ensure that industry develops in harmony with the environment.
我们必须确保工业与环境和谐发展。
·The piano was out of harmony with the rest of the instruments.
钢琴弹得与其他乐器不协调。
?用harmony的适当形式填空
①The progress of the society is based on ____________.
②We are trying to form a ____________ society to meet people' s need.
?补全句子
③When children grow up, their ideas will be _________________________________.
当孩子们长大后，他们的想法会与父母不一致。
④Only if people live _____________________________ can we have a stable society.
只有人们彼此和谐共处，我们才能拥有安定的社会。
harmony
harmonious
out of harmony with their parents
in harmony with each other
单词一族
harmonious adj. 和谐的，协调的
用法总结
in harmony with 与……融洽；与……一致
out of harmony with 与……不协调，不一致
2. design vt. 设计；打算；意欲，意图n. 设计；图案
·The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other. （教材P63）梯田设计巧妙，数百条水道相互连通。
·The weekend party was designed to bring the two old men together.
这次周末聚会的用意是让两位老人见面。
·It is designed as a textbook for a one-term course. 它可用作一学期课程的教材。
?单句语法填空
①This entrance has been specially designed ____________ people in wheelchairs.
②We don' t know whether it was done by accident or ____________ design.
③This is a very beautiful house, ____________ (design) for his parents.
for
by
designed
单词一族
designer n. 设计者；设计师
用法总结
be designed for/ to do... 专为……设计的；目的是……
be designed as 被设置为……
by design 有意地，故意地
3. harm vt. & n. 伤害，损害
·These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops. （教材P63）这些梯田也为鸟和鱼提供了完美的环境，一些鸟和鱼以危害水稻作物的昆虫为食。
·The heavy haze in the eastern area of China especially in Jinan did great harm to people' s health.
华东地区特别是济南的雾霾对人们的健康造成了巨大的伤害。
·There' s no harm in telling him the truth. 把真相告诉他没有什么害处。
·It' s harmful to your health to drink too much. 饮酒过量对你的健康有害。
?选词填空：harm, hurt, injure, wound
①Drinking seriously ____________ his health.
②His words ____________ my feelings.
③Several children were ____________ in the traffic accident.
④He tried to stop the flow of blood from the ____________.
?句型转换
⑤Staying up often can harm your health.
→Staying up often can ________ ________ ________ your health.
→Staying up often can ________ ________ ________ your health.
harmed
hurt
injured
wound
do
harm
to
be
harmful
to
单词一族
harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的
harmless adj. 无害的
用法总结
do...harm/ do harm to... 对……有害
There is no harm in (sb' s) doing sth 做某事无害处
be harmful to... 对……有害处
辨析比较
harm “危害，使受伤害”，常用于抽象事物
hurt “弄疼，使受伤”，可指肉体上的伤害，更多用于情感上的伤害
injure “使受伤，伤害”，尤其指在事故中受到的伤害
wound “伤害，使受伤”，主要用于刀、枪、剑等武器对身体造成的创伤
4. attract v. 吸引，引起……的兴趣
·Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together. （教材P63）今天龙脊梯田吸引了成千上万的游客来欣赏这个由人和大自然共同创造的伟大奇迹。
·I was doubly attracted to the house, by its size and its location.
我喜欢这房子有两方面的原因，大小合适而且位置也好。
·I tried to attract his attention, but he was still lost in thought.
我试图吸引他的注意力，但是他仍然陷入沉思。
·China is attractive to tourists for its beautiful scenery and historic sites.
中国的风景名胜和历史古迹对旅游者很有吸引力。
?用attract的适当形式填空
①I wish his words ____________ the audience.
②This new iPad is more ____________ than any other one.
③Beijing is also a tourist ____________.
?补全句子
④WTO membership made China ______________________________ foreign investors.
加入WTO使中国对于外国投资者更具吸引力。
to attract
attractive
attraction
even more attractive to
单词一族
attractive adj. 吸引人的
attraction n. 吸引；吸引人的事物；吸引力
用法总结
(1) attract sb to sb/ sth 引起某人对某人/某物的注意
attract one' s attention 吸引某人的注意
(2) be attractive to... 对……有吸引力
a tourist attraction 旅游胜地
1. prevent sb/ sth (from) doing sth阻止某人/某物做某事
·The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.
（教材P63）平坦的梯田吸收雨水并且防止土壤被冲走。
?单句语法填空
①What was it that prevented Ben ____________ coming in time?
from
?补全句子
②The heavy rain _________________________________ on time.
大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。
③We try to make a fire to ___________________________________.
我们试图生火保护我们免受夜晚的寒冷。
prevented him arriving there
protect us from the cold night
短语记牢
(1) prevent sb/ sth (from) doing sth＝stop sb/ sth (from) (doing) sth＝keep sb/ sth from doing sth阻止某人/某物做某事
(2) protect...from doing sth 保护……免受……
名师提醒
prevent sb/ sth (from) (doing) sth和stop sb/ sth (from) (doing) sth用法相同，在主动语态中from可以省略，但是在被动语态中from不能省略。
2. feed on(＝live on) 以……为食
·These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops. （教材P63）这些梯田也为鸟和鱼提供了完美的环境，一些鸟和鱼以危害水稻作物的昆虫为食。
?用适当的介词填空
①Most of the Chinese people feed ____________ rice.
②Farmers feed kitchen leftovers ____________ the pigs.
on
to
?一句多译
③人们厌烦这么多的交通堵塞。
→People ______________________ all these traffic jams.
→People ______________________ all these traffic jams.
are fed up with
are tired of
短语记牢
feed sb with/ on... 用……喂养某人
feed sth to sb/ sth 把某物给某人/某物吃
be fed up with＝be tired of （口语）厌倦……
During the rainy season, it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. （教材P63）
在雨季，雨水是沿着这些水路流下山进入梯田的。
【分析】 该句中的“it is...that...”是强调句型，强调的是句子的状语along these waterways。
【拓展】 强调句型的用法：
(1) 强调句型的基本结构是：“It is/ was＋被强调部分＋that/ who＋句子其他部分”。
(2) 强调句型的一般疑问句是将is/ was提前，即：“Is/ Was it...that...”。
(3) 强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，需将陈述句变成一般疑问句，再在句首加上疑问词，即“疑问词（被强调部分）＋is/ was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分”。
(4) not...until...结构在强调句型中的运用：until引导的时间状语从句可以用在强调句型中，其结构为“It is/ was not until...that...”。
·It was his best friend that/ who he met at the party. 聚会时他遇到的是他最好的朋友。
·Was it Sally that/ who phoned you just now? 刚才给你打电话的是莎莉吗？
·What was it that happened to the man last night?
昨天晚上，那人究竟发生了什么事？
·It was not until she took off her sunglasses that I recognized her.
直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她来。
按照要求完成下列练习
His friend bought him a present while he visited New York.
①→_____________________________________________________________ （强调主语）
②→_____________________________________________________________（强调直接宾语）
③→_____________________________________________________________ （强调时间状语）
It was his friend that/ who bought him a present while he visited New York.
It was a present that his friend bought him while he visited New York.
It was while he visited New York that his friend bought him a present.
名师提醒
强调句型的判断方法：把it is/ was及that/ who去掉，依然是一个完整的句子；否则，就不是强调句型。试比较：
It was in the park that I lost my cell phone.（强调句型）
It was the park where I lost my cell phone. （where引导定语从句）
Thank you
(共13张PPT)
Unit 6 At one with nature
Using language——定语从句(3)
【思维导图】
Ⅰ. 基本特征感悟
【感悟用法】
【自我总结】
The man to whom you talked just now is my English teacher. He is adopting a new teaching method in which we are all interested. Tomorrow is the Teachers' Day on which we are going to give him a gift in order to thank him.
上文中黑体部分引导的是________从句，它们均为______________。
定语
介词＋关系代词
Ⅱ. 主要用法精讲
一、“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词
“介词＋关系代词”是一种普遍使用的结构。“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词只可用whom或which，不可用that。
Do you remember the day on which (when) you joined our club?
还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
In the dark street, there wasn' t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
在漆黑的大街上没有一个人她能够求助。
二、“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定
介词的选择可以总结为：“一先、二动、三意义、四特殊”。
1. 一先，即先看先行词，从先行词入手。介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配。（比如时间常和on, in, by搭配；地点常用on, in, at；原因用for；方式用in, by, with等）
This is the house in which (where) the inventor lived.
这就是那位发明家住过的房子。
2. 二动，即看从句中的谓语动词结构。根据从句中谓语动词的搭配选择合适的介词。
He is the person of whom everyone has heard. （hear of 听说）
他是那位所有人都听说过的人。
3. 三意义：通过判断主句表达的全部意义来确定合适的介词。
He was educated at a local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University.
他在当地的一所高中上学，之后他继续在北京大学学习。
4. 四特殊：介词of 常用于“表示部分的词语＋of＋关系代词结构”。
表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, 数词（含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数）；数词＋名词；the＋最高级/比较级，以及表示数目或数量的词语many, most, few, several, enough, half, a quarter。
There are sixty students in our class, twenty of whom are girls.
我们班有六十名学生，其中二十名是女生。
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad. 这家工厂每年生产50万双鞋子，其中的80%销往国外。
There are two rooms, the smaller of which is my study room.
有两个房间，较小的那个是我的书房。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中可用的关系代词有哪些？此结构中可以把关系代词换成关系副词吗？
指人时，用whom；指物时，用which。该结构中不能把关系代词换成关系副词，因为介词后要跟关系代词。
即学即练
用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1. There are some occasions ____________ one must give in.
2. Can you tell me the reason ____________ you didn' t come to her birthday party?
3. Water is a thing ______________ man can' t live.
4. The old woman has two sons, both ____________ are doctors.
on which
for which
without which
of whom
名师提醒
像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定动词短语，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。
This is the person whom/ who/ that you are looking for.
这就是你在找的那个人。
Thank you
