Unit 6 At one with nature
Period 3 Developing ideas
【学习目标】
1．学习本课时下的重点单词和词组，要求会读、会写、掌握意义及灵活运用。
2．概括归纳文段主旨大意，寻找主题句。
3．能够根据文章内容编写采访，有问有答。
【重点难点】
1．重点：本课时的重点单词和词组；主旨句。
2．难点：对文章的具体信息进行提问。
【学习过程】
Step 1
一、Words and expressions
写出下列单词或词组的词义或按要求写单词
at that time.
答案：在那时
competition _______
答案：比赛；竞争
rent v.__________ n._________
答案：v.租借；出租。n.租金
turn...into... ______
答案：把……变成……
rooftop ______
答案：屋顶；房顶
air quality________
答案：空气质量
allow sb. to do sth. ___________
答案：允许某人做某事
be in doubt about sth. ______
答案：对某事感到怀疑
reflect on sth. ______
答案：反思……
grow plants/vegetables___________；grow up___________
答案：种植植物/蔬菜；成长/长大
Step 2
Today millions of Brits like to say that they have “green fingers”, with around half the population spending their free time gardening.
结合例句，借助字典等工具书完成以下任务：
例句中spend的具体用法是什么？
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：spend time/money (in) doing sth./on sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事。
除了spend之外，表示“花费”的词还有take和cost，各自用法如何？
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：
（1）take: It takes/took sb. time/money to do sth.
做某事花了某人多少时间/钱
（2）cost一般主语为物
Step 3
一句多译：
买这件外套花了我50块钱。
———————————————————————————————————(spend)
———————————————————————————————————(spend)
———————————————————————————————————(cost)
———————————————————————————————————(take)
答案：
（1）I spent 50 yuan buying the coat.
（2）I spent 50 yuan on the coat.
（3）The coat cost me 50 yuan.
（4）It took me 50 yuan to buy the coat.
Step 4
观察以下例句并按要求完成任务：
While many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.
（1）翻译句子：
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
虽然许多英国人最喜欢把周日用在修剪草地上，对有些而言，只是坐在树下欣赏周围世界的美好就已经很开心了。
（2）while在这里作“虽然”讲，引导让步状语从句；除此外while还可以作并列连词，表“然而”以及从属连词引导时间状语从句。试分别举例说明。
答案：
并列连词：
On Sunday afternoon my brother like to play basketball with his friends, while I prefer watching TV at home.
从属连词：“当……的时候”
She burnt her hand while she was cooking in the kitchen.
Step 5
短文改错
On a snowy winter night, a bus with 45 passenger had an accident because the wet road. And all of them were trapping in the bus, and what is worse, the bus ran out of gas and it was very cold in it. They could do nothing but to wait for help. A man who lived nearby saw that had happened. He and some villagers succeeded in open the door and helped all of them out of the bus. He took them to his home but offered food and water and even some warm clothes to the children. They spent two days in their home and finally help came. All of them were thankfully for his help.
答案：第一句：passenger→passengers; because后加of
第二句：trapping→trapped; is→was
第三句：去掉to
第四句：that→what
第五句：open→opening
第六句：but→and
第七句：their→his
第八句：thankfully→thankful
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Unit 6 At one with nature
Period 4 Presenting ideas
【学习目标】
写：根据文章内容进行概要写作；
说：按照提示陈述自己喜欢居住的地方及理由；
学习本课时的一些重点单词/词组/句型。
【重点难点】
1．重点
概括性写作；
本课时的重点单词/词组/句型。
2．难点
根据提示或按照要求逐步地展开话语；
组织写作（使其具有逻辑性、条理性）
【学习过程】
Step 1
一、写出下列单词或短语的词义
pleasant__________
答案：令人愉快的
flavour__________
答案：口味
a variety of__________
答案：各种各样的
traditional__________
答案：传统的
such as__________
答案：比如
benefit n.__________; v.___________
答案：n. 益处；好处；v. 对……有益
have a(n)...effect/influence/impact on sth./sb.__________
答案：对某人/某物有……影响
meanwhile__________
答案：与此同时
give sb. a helping hand__________
答案：给予某人援手
be good for__________
答案：对……有好处
Step 2
经典例句：Many people plant easy-to-grow herbs such as mint and lemongrass.
此处的such as意为“比如”，用于举例说明，其同义短语为for example.二者有何区别？试举例说明。
答案：
Such as后跟（动）名词或名词词组，而for example后接完整的句子。
Such as与后面的内容紧密相连而for example一般与后面的内容用逗号隔开。
举例：
He has been to many countries, such as America, Japan and Germany.
For example, air is invisible.
Step 3
经典例句：
Herbal tea has various health benefits.
benefit在这里的词性是什么？
benefit是否还有别的词性？
写出下列短语的意义：
be beneficial to_______________
benefit from/to_______________
benefit sb./sth._______________
答案：
名词，“好处，益处”。
动词，“使受益”
（1）对……有益；（2）从……中受益；（3）对某人/物有益
Step 4
根据句意完成句子。
Choosing to forgive can ____ surprisingly __________ _____ your physical and mental health.
选择原谅对于你的身心健康都出乎意料地有益。
It’s an expensive investment but it _______ ___________ the company in the long run.
这是一项花费很大的投资，但从长远来看，它将对公司有好处。
These small businesses ________ _________ greatly _________ the fall in interest rates.
这些小企业因利率下降而得到了很大好处。
答案：
be beneficial to
will benefit
have benefited from
Step 5
短文改错
Though great progress has been made in science these years, but there are still many people living in poor conditions. They make their lives by collecting and selling used thing. Their children cannot go to school because they have not enough money to send their children to there. Why you think so many people still suffer from poverty now? The answer lies on the population explosion. A president of a developing country once said, “It is us who are to blame for the poverty because we used to ‘produce’ child without limit.” Although this few words sound simple enough, they have clear pointed out one of the causes of the population explosion.
答案：第一句：去掉but
第二句：lives→living; thing→things
第三句：去掉there前面的to
第四句：Why后加do
第五句：on→in
第六句：us→we; child→children
第七句：this→these; clear→clearly
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Unit 6 At one with nature
Period 1 Starting Out & Understanding Ideas
【学习目标】
（1）全面掌握本课时重点单词/词组/句型（读/写/记/运用）；
（2）能够通过阅读文章，快速获取细节信息，并推断作者写作目的。
（3）利用思维导图（流程图）帮助自己理解文本。
【重点难点】
1．重点
（1）全面掌握本课时重点单词/词组/句型；
（2）能够通过阅读文章，快速获取细节信息，并推断作者写作目的。
2．难点
（1）思维导图的制作或根据图示复述文章。
（2）理解人与自然的相互关系。
【学习过程】
Step 1
写出下列单词或短语的词义
turn...into...______1_____ wrap______2_____
take hundreds of years______3_____ complete v.___4___→n.____4____
as far as the eye can see______5_____ from the bottom to the very top______6_____
plenty of______7_____ steep_____8______
in harmony______9_____ connect with______10_____
feed on______11_____ provide______12_____
pass down______13_____ generation______14_____
agriculture______15_____ attract______16_____
admire_____17_____ wonder_____18_____
Step 2
翻译句子
我相信这个理念会被一代又一代地传递下去。
修建梯田花了当地人们数百年的时间。
目力所及的地方，这些梯田遍布在高山上。
这起事故与驾驶员的违法吸毒有关。
这所学校因为其优秀的教学而被广泛赞誉。
Step 3
Read Paragraph 4 and use some key words to complete the working principle of the Longji Rice Terraces.
答案：
clouds
terraces
3. river
Step 4
观察以下例句并回答以下问题：
It is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.
类似例句这种结构我们称之为强调句型。
强调句型的基本结构是什么？
_________________________________________________________
答案：It is/was...that/who...
强调句型的功能是什么？
_________________________________________________________
答案：用于强调主语，宾语，状语等成分，不能强调谓语。
Step 5
语法填空
As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past few 1.________ (century), a new electrical generating and transmission system for the 21st century will leave a 2.________ (last) mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but 3.________ the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will 4.________ (lay) down to move electricity around.
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in 5.________ West. This is not an argument against 6.________ (build) them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of 7.________， we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily 8.________ we can now.
So balance will have to 9.________ (make). Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species will be forced to move or will be 10.________ (careful) moved to special accommodation. Measures will be taken to reduce the immediate effects.
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Unit 6 At one with nature
Period 2 Using language
【学习目标】
复习定语从句的基本概念；
了解介词选择的三种方法；
会根据实际情况灵活正确选用相应的介词或关系代词。
【重点难点】
1．重点
了解“介词+关系代词”在定语从句中的功能；
会根据实际情况灵活正确选用相应的介词。
2．难点
在定语从句中正确使用介词。
【学习过程】
一、知识复习
Step 1
This is the place where we lived for 5 years.
I know the reason why he did so.
I remember the day when we met.
任务一：划出先行词。
任务二：圈出关系副词。
任务三：说明关系副词在定语从句中的成份及指代。
答案：
1．先行词：the place; 关系副词：where, 在从句中作状语，指代in the place。
2．先行词：the reason; 关系副词：why, 在从句中作状语，指代for the reason。
3．先行词：the day; 关系副词：that, 在从句中作状语，指代on the day。
二、知识梳理
Step 2
请同学们阅读并理解以下内容。
在前面两个单元，我们已经分别学习了定语从句关系代词和关系副词的功能以及如何正确选择关系代词和关系副词。我们知道，关系代词可以指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语或定语；而关系副词在从句中作状语。事实上，如果我们将课前复习的三个句子进行拆解，我们将得到以下三组句子：Group 1:
This is the place.
We lived in the place for 5 years.
Group 2:
I know the reason.
He did so for the reason...
Group 3:
I remember the day.
We met on the day.
通过分解我们发现了，从句中的状语when、where、why分别指代了“介词+先行词”，而由于关系代词可以指代先行词，那么我们可以推出关系副词可以等于“介词+关系代词”。这就是定语从句中“介词+关系代词”结构的由来。
我们来看更多的例子。
This is the farm. I stayed in the farm two years ago.
合并为一句：
This is the farm where(=in which) I stayed two years ago.
This is the reason. I was late this morning for the reason.
合并为一句：
This is the reason why(=for which)I was late this morning.
I shall never forget the days. We worked on the farm on those days.
合并为一句
I shall never forget the days when (=on which) we worked on the farm
特别提示：“介词+关系代词”结构中的关系代词只有两个，whom或which，其中指认用whom，指物用which。
Step 3
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.
I shall never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.
根据以上几组例句和讲解，完成思维导图：“介词+关系代词”结构中介词选择.
【答案】
从句谓语动词
先行词
句意
Step 4
1. There are species living in the depths of the oceans ______ we still know little.
A. for which B. in which C. of what D. of which
1. D．解析：正确判断先行词，species。分解从句可得We still know little of the species。
2. I’ve read many stories of Lei Feng , ______ this is the most touching one.
A. who B. of which C. of whom D. that
2. B．解析：先行词为stories。根据与先行词的搭配可得正确答案。注意C项干扰。
3. Today’s English learners have a wide choice of dictionaries ______to choose.
A. from which B. in which C. for which D. of which
3. A．解析：根据句意判断是从这些字典当中进行选择。
4. A good advertisement often uses words _____ people attach positive meanings．
A. that B. which C. with which D. to which
4. D．解析：根据介词与从句谓语动词的习惯搭配attach to可知答案为D。
5. The position, however, _____ you are applying, is not quite a well-paid one.
A. that B. for which C. which D. to which
5. B．解析：根据介词与从句谓语动词的习惯搭配apply for可知答案为B。
Step 5
Activity 2 on page 65
答案：
The Zhuang is one of the ethnic groups, of which its population is the largest in China.
Guangxi is a province in which the Longji Terraces are located.
I want to visit this cultural landscape to which the title of UNESCO World Heritage Site was given in 2016.
He is an expert on rice planting, from whom the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.
Activity 3 on page 65
答案：
from which
in which
for which
to whom
Step 6
1. Trading leather handbags is the business _____ the Greens have been devoted over the past decade.
A. what B. where C. in which D. to which
2. In our city there are several big public parks _____many people can go to enjoy the beautiful scenery.
A. in which B. at which C. from which D. to which
3. Mr. David has been to Many cities in China, _____Xi’an has impressed him most.
A. of which B. in which C. with which D. on which
4. On the second floor there are two rooms , _____ is used as a meeting room.
A. the larger of which B. one of them
C. the larger one of that D. the largest of which
5. The police arrived, _____the situation became calmer.
A. after which B. before which C. in which D. from which
答案：
D 根据与从句谓语动词的搭配be devoted to可知正确答案。
D 根据与从句谓语动词及先行词的搭配go to the parks可知正确答案。
A 根据句意“在这些城市中西安给他留下了最深刻的印象”可知正确答案。
A 根据句意“更大的那间被用作会议室”可知正确答案。
A 根据句意“警察到来后场面冷静了下来”可知正确答案。
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