Unit 1 Life Choices
Lesson 1 Lifestyles
【学习目标】
1.理解动词不定式的概念,了解动词不定式时态和语态的用法并能够对各类用法进行简单举例;
2.在语篇中理解和熟练使用动词不定式,并能够判断在句中作何成分。
3.掌握并熟练运用本课重点词汇和句型。
4.分析文章中的长难句,判断复合句的类型。
【学习重难点】
1.掌握动词不定式常见的时态和语态的用法,能够在具体语境中熟练运用动词不定式时态和语态。
2.能够在具体语境中熟练运用词汇和句型。
【学习过程】
一、知识梳理:Infinitives(动词不定式)
什么是动词不定式?
动词不定式(infinitives)是非谓语动词的一种形式。它的构成形式是:to do。不定式的否定形式是在不定式前加not或never,即not to do/never to do。如:tell sb not to do,advise sb not to do,ask sb never to do。动词不定式可以带自己的宾语或状语,构成不定式短语。不定式没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。动词不定式(或不定式短语)在句子中可以作主语、宾语、状语、定语、补语等成分,但是不能作谓语。
1.不定式作主语
(1)不定式作主语表示具体的动作,通常指一件已知的事或目的。不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
To say is a thing, to do is another.
To go to college is my dream.
(2)不定式短语较长时,通常放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。
①It is important to learn English well.
②It is necessary for us to do the job well.
③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.
2.不定式作宾语
(1)to do表示特定、具体、将来的动作。常只用不定式作宾语的动词有want, wish, hope, long, expect, desire, intend, decide, ask, promise, aim, offer, agree, plan, learn, choose, refuse, fail, manage, pretend等。
①He refused to help me.
②She has agreed to come tomorrow.
(2)不定式较长时,作宾语,也可用it代替,放在后面。
I find it difficult to do the job well.
I feel it necessary to set a goal for every subject.
(3)“特殊疑问词﹢不定式to do结构”具有名词特征,可作宾语。
①She didn’t know whether to go or not.
②They haven’t decided when and where to hold the meeting.
(4)不定式可作介词but, except, besides的宾语,介词前有实义动词do的任何一种形式,后边的不定式就无to;否则必带to。
①I want to do nothing but play the computer games.
②I have no choice but to wait.
③She can do nothing but wait patiently.
3.不定式作表语
(1)不定式作表语放在be和其他系动词后,说明主语的内容。同样,“特殊疑问词﹢不定式to do结构”具有名词特征,也可作表语。
①My target is to come out first in the race.
②His goal was to enter the key university in Beijing.
③The question is how to find a better way to learn English well.
(2)不定式作主语时,表语也必须为不定式,结构必须保持一致。
To see is to believe.
(3)如果主语部分的谓语动词或非谓语动词是实义动词do的某种形式,那么作表语的不定式可以省去to。
①The first thing to do is find her right now.
②The only thing he could do was tell the truth to his parents.
不定式作定语
不定式作定语表示将来,常放在所修饰的名词或代词后。
①I have something important to tell you. (不定式与被修饰名词构成被动关系)
She has nothing to eat or drink.
②His wish to be an artist has come true. (不定式与被修饰名词构成同位关系)
③He is the right man to do the job.(不定式与被修饰名词构成主动关系)
He is the first man to land on the moon
④The little girl was unhappy because she had no friends to play with. (不定式与被修饰名词构成主动关系)(注:若不定式为不及物动词,其后须加上相应的介词。)
I have a big room to live in.
不定式作状语
不定式作状语主要是表示目的、原因和结果,可位于句首或句末,但句首时通常用逗号隔开。
①We set off early to catch the early bus.(目的)
②To get a good result, she worked very hard.(目的)
③She was very happy to get the first prize.(原因)
动词不定式放在sorry, glad, surprised, disappointed, excited后面。
④He worked hard only to fail.(结果)
注:(1)不定式常用在so as或in order后,与它们一起作状语,表示目的,但so as引起的不定式不可置于句首。
In order to avoid mistakes, check your homework.
(2)不定式表结果时常和only连用,往往表示出乎意料的结果。
He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.
(3)“形容词+enough+不定式”和“too+形容词或副词(不表情感)+不定式”也可作结果状语。
①He is old enough to go to school.
②He is too weak to raise the stone.
但“too+表情感形容词(pleased, ready, glad, willing, anxious等)+to do”表示肯定意义,too前面可用only,but等词修饰。
①They were (only) too anxious to leave. (他们只是太急于离开了。)
②She is (only) too pleased to go home. (她非常高兴可以回家了。)
6.不定式作补语
不定式作补语表示宾语所所做的动作。另外不定式可作使役动词、感官动词的补语。宾语与作补语的不定式之间是主动关系。
后接动词不定式作宾补的常见动词有:want, wish, expect, prefer, like, hate, ask, beg, request, require, beg, get, persuade, invite, advise, order, remind, permit, allow, send等。
后接动词不定式作宾补的常见的动词短语有:call on, would like/love, arrange for, depend on等。
Our headmaster called on us to work hard.
(3)动词不定式可作感官动词(五看二听一感觉即:see, look at, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen to, feel)和使让动词(let, make, have等)后面的宾补时,不定式符号to要省略,但如果句子变被动结构,必须带to。表示动作的完成。
①He made them climb the hill.
②They were made to climb the hill.
(4)动词不定式可作形容词的补足语。常见句型为:
(一)主语+系动词+表语(convenient/easy/expensive/difficult/hard/impossible/pleasant等)+to do(注:to do常用主动表被动,其中do为vt,主语为to do的宾语。)
(二)主语+find/think/consider/believe等+宾语+adj+to do(注:其中to do常用主动表被动,其中do为vt,主语为to do的宾语。)
①The problem is difficult to deal with.
The man is easy to work with.
②He finds the problem difficult to work out.
疑问词+to do
疑问词who, what, which, when, where, whether, how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如:
①When to leave for London has not been decided yet.(做主语)
②Mr. Smith didn’t know whether to leave or stay there.(做宾语)
③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well.(做直接宾语)
④The question was where to get the medicine needed.(做表语)
以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如:When we shall leave has not been decided yet.
7.动词不定式的时态语态
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing 无
完成式 to have done to have been done
(1)时态
①一般式:动词不定式一般式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之后,有时表示同时发生。如:
I hope to become a university student this year.(to become发生在hope之后)
We often hear Dick play the piano in the room.(play和hear同时发生)
②完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。如:
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
We are too young to have seen the old society.
③进行式:表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生。如:
The teacher happened to be correcting our papers when I came in.
They seemed to be discussing something important.
(2)语态
如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式,如:
It’s a great honour for me to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.
It was impossible for lost time to be made up.
I wish to be sent to work in the country.
He went to the hospital to be examined.
当堂检测
1.用所给动词的适当形式填空。
We decided _____ (try) and find this plant.
I want ____ (see) the movie tomorrow.
The boy made a big bamboo box ____ (keep) the little bird until it could fly.
I am so sorry _____ (give) you so much trouble.
The Chinese poem was said ____ (translate) into several languages.
They were the last people ____ (arrive) at the meeting.
When the father came home, the naughty boy pretended ___ (do) his homework.
Tell him ____ (not close) the window.
2.指出下列不定式在句中充当什么成分。
To lose heart means failure.
She doesn’t want to marry him.
The most important thing is to take measures to prevent pollution.
I need a pen to write with.
She asked us to go there on time.
The athletes practised hard to win the match.
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Unit 1 LifeChoices
Lesson 2 Understandingand Coping with Stress
【学习目标】
1.学习能力目标
(1)听力时能够借助关键词理解文章大意,并试图找出段落主题句,完成听前问题;
(2)用所学的词汇和语言对听力内容进行复述。
2.语言能力目标
(1)能够正确运用以下单词和短语: stressful, downtown, interview, include, reduce, organize, tension, prediction, be similar to, suffer from。
(2)能掌握如何描述喜欢和不喜欢。
【学习重难点】
1.重点
(1)如何使用地道的英语表达生活态度(喜欢或不喜欢);
(2)礼貌进行日常对话。
2.难点
(1)能用得体的英语表达自己的生活态度、个人情感和未来期望;
(2)能正确地道表达喜欢或不喜欢。
【学习过程】
1. Talk about your new school life.
2. Look at the diagram on Page 12 and brainstorm.
Q1: Are these situations stressful or relaxing to you?
Q2: Can you think of other similar situations?
3. Dr. King is talking about stress in a radio interview. Tick (√) the information you think will be included in the interview on Page 12. Listen to the interview and check your predictions.
4. Listen again. Complete the table on Page 12 with information you hear. Then talk about it with your partner.
5. Listen once more. Answer the following questions:
(1) When do students suffer from stress?
(2) What situations can be difficult for shy people?
What is a good way to organize your work or study?
6. Practice
(1)根据要求写出对应英文和词性或中文意思。
a) 有压力的 _____________
b) 相似的 _____________→ (n.)_____________
c) 与…相似(词组) _____________
d) downtown _____________
e) interview _____________
f) include _____________
g) 遭受(词组) _____________
h) prediction _____________
i) reduce _____________ → (n.) _____________
j) organise _____________
k) tension _____________
(2)语法填空。
You will meet many people in school, in college and at work. They’ll try to have nicer cars, bigger houses and nicer clothes. To them, life is a l.__________ (compete) 一they have to do 2._______ (good) than their peers (同龄人) to be happy.
Here is a secret: Life isn’t a match. It’s a journey. If you spend it always 3.________ (try) to impress others, you’re wasting your life. Instead, learn to enjoy the journey. Make it a journey of happiness, of continual improvement, and filled 4.________ love.
Don’t worry about having a nicer car or house or anything material, or even 5._________better-paying job. None of them matters, and none of them will make you happier. You’ll acquire these 6._________ (thing) and then only want more. Instead, learn to be 7._______ (satisfy) with having enough and then use the time 8._______would have been wasted to try to earn money to buy those things.
Find your passion, and go after it 9.________ (constant). Don’t work for only paying the bills. Life is too short 10._________ (waste) on a job you hate.
【答案和解析】
1. competition,考查名词。句意:对于他们而言,生命是一场比赛。故此处用名词形式competition。
2. better,考查比较级。句意:他们不得不比同龄人做的更好让自己感到快乐。根据than可知道这里用比较级。
3. trying,考查固定搭配(非谓语动词作宾语)。句意:如果你在这段旅途一直都试图给他人留下深刻印象,那你就是在浪费生命。本题考查spend+时间+(in) doing sth,故填入trying。
4. with,考查固定搭配。句意:让生活成为快乐,不断提以及充满爱的旅程,fill with使充满,故用with。
5. a,考查冠词。句意:不要担心拥有更漂亮的车,更好的房子或者任何物质的东西,甚至一份薪水更高的工作,这里的job是可数名词泛指以及better-paying是辅音发音,故用不定冠词a。
6. things,考查名词。句意:你获得这些之后只会想要得更多,根据these可知用名词复数,故用things。
7. satisfied,考查形容词。句意:相反地,学会知足常乐。be satisfied with 对…感到满意,故这里用satisfied。
8. which/that,考查定语从句。句意:使用可能浪费的时间来努力挣钱买那些东西。根据句意可知这里构造了定语从句,用关系代词指代先行词time并在定语从句中作主语,故用which/that。
9. constantly,考查副词。句意:找到你的激情,不断地追逐。这里用副词修饰动词短语go after。
10. to waste,考查固定结构(非谓语动词作状语)。句意:生命太短暂了不能浪费在你讨厌的工作上。本题考查固定结构too...to...太…而不能。故用to waste。
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Unit 1 Life Choices
Lesson 3 Your Life Is What You Make It
【学习目标】
1.掌握并熟练运用本课重点词汇和句型。
2.分析文章中的长难句,判断复合句的类型。
3.能够辨析-ed/-ing结尾的形容词。
4.在语篇中理解和熟练-ed/-ing结尾的形容词。
【学习重难点】
1.如何辨析-ed/-ing结尾的形容词。
2.能够在具体语境中熟练运用-ed/-ing结尾的形容词。
3.能够在具体语境中熟练运用词汇和句型。
【学习过程】
一、重点词汇
1. typical adj 典型的、有代表性的;(某人或某物)特有的、独特的
typically adv 典型地、有代表性地;一贯地、一向如此地、不出所料地;通常;一般地
a typical British pub 典型的英式小酒馆
It is typical of sb to do sth 干某事是某人特有的,某人就是爱干某事
完成句子
(1) _________, she had forgotten her keys again. (不出所料地)
(2) Ashley’s pretty bedroom looks___________________. (具有典型的英国特征。)
(3) Aaron was brought up as __________________________. (阿龙接受的是典型的美国孩子的教育。)
翻译
(1)不出所料,他开会又迟到了。
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)这不是汉语独有的特征。
_______________________________________________________________________
(3)他就是爱忘事。
_______________________________________________________________________
2. inspire v 赋予某人灵感或启示;激励或鼓舞
inspiration n. 灵感
inspiring adj激励人的;鼓舞人心的
inspired adj 得到鼓励的;有灵感的
inspire sb to do sth
inspire sb with sth=inspire sth in sb
inspire hope, loyalty, enthusiasm, confidence
完成句子
(1) The landscape ___________. (她受景色的激发,创作了一些美丽的画作。)
(2) The book ___________ a real person. ( 这本书是受到一个真实人物的启发写成的。)
(3) His inspiring speech ___________. (燃起我们对生活的希望)。
翻译
(1)美丽的山区美景给了他灵感而创造出最伟大的诗歌。
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)他是位善于激励人的老师。
_______________________________________________________________________
(3)她是我所见过的最能鼓舞人心的人之一。
_______________________________________________________________________
(4)他感人的事迹激起了我对工作的热情和自信。
_______________________________________________________________________
3. confident adj 自信的,有信心的
confidence n.
confidently adv
be/feel confident of sth
be /feel confident that
do sth with confidence
have/lose confidence in sb
完成句子
(1) He is___________. (他对成功充满信心)
(2) You are too shy. You should __________. (对自己更有信心)
(3) In time he became__________.(经过一段时间以后,他变得比较自信和放松了。)
翻译
(1)我坚信一切都会好起来。
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)我相信他会实现目标并且取得成功的。
_______________________________________________________________________
(3)他自信地回答了记者的问题。
_______________________________________________________________________
(4)球队已经没有信心再让他当教练了。
_______________________________________________________________________
4. contribute v
contribution n
contribute sth to sth 投稿;捐助贡献;出(钱,力,主意)
contribute poems to literary magazine
contribute money/aid to charity
contribute to sth 增加;促成某事物
make a great/major/enormous/immense contribution to sth 做出很大贡献
完成句子
(1) He was awarded a prize for his ________________. (他因为世界和平作出贡献而获奖。)
(2) ________________was enormous. (他对教育事业作出的贡献)
(3) Soaring land prices ________________. (飞速上涨的土地价格促使房价居高不下。)
翻译
(1)艾伦为这项体育运动作出了巨大贡献。
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)这三个儿子也为家族企业出了资。
_______________________________________________________________________
(3)酒驾导致了这场车祸。
_______________________________________________________________________
(4)他对和平做出的贡献很大,而获得诺贝尔和平奖。
_______________________________________________________________________
5. apply
applied
application n 申请;敷用施用;应用运用
apply to sb for sth=apply for sth to sb
apply for a job/post/passport/visa
apply sth to sth 贴敷;使用力量,对—起作用;运用应用
apply the glue to both surfaces
apply force/pressure/heat to sth
apply technology to farming
apply oneself to sth/doing sth apply one’s energy/mind to sth/doing sth 集中精力专心
完成句子
(1) It’s important ____________. (把技术应用于实际商业问题)
(2) To achieve his goal, He______________. (他满怀热情地投入到了这项任务中。)
(3) I _____________buy a second-hand car. (我申请了个人贷款来购买一辆二手车。)
(4) We received ___________. (对于这份工作,我们收到了10分申请。)
翻译
(1)这项研究成果应尽快应用到解决实际商业问题。
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)你只有真正专心致志工作,考试才能及格。
_______________________________________________________________________
(3)我们必须动脑筋找出解决的办法来。
_______________________________________________________________________
二、重点词组
1.每三天洗一次淋浴 ___________________
2.给学生引入更多的课程 ___________________
3.取得教师资格证 ___________________
4.组织有史以来第一次音乐会 ___________________
5.不稳定的水电供给 ___________________
6.建立图书馆 ___________________
7.在脑海中闪现 ___________________
8.联系慈善组织 ___________________
9.处理挑战的方式 ___________________
10.受村民的欢迎 ___________________
三、重点句型
1. Bringing with him lots of books, clothes, and two pairs of trainers, Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart.
doing作伴随状语。伴随状语的逻辑主语一般情况下是句子的主语,且与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。
【翻译】
(1)他十分清醒地躺在床上,想象他离家独自生活的样子。
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)他坐在沙发上读报纸。
_______________________________________________________________________
2. Coming to Guizhou Province to teach has been quite an experience for him.
Living in the village was also more challenging than he had thought.
doing作主语,表示经常性习惯性的动作。
【翻译】
(1)雨天爬长城对我来说是一次非同寻常的经历。
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)取得教师资格证比我想象的要难很多。
_______________________________________________________________________
3. What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read, speak and write in English and they became more confident in learning.
What satisfied him was that…主语从句的谓语动词通常是表示使人产生某种心理感受的动词,如worry, trouble, excite, inspire, delight, embarrass, disappoint, surprise, astonish, amaze, amuse等,其次,句末通常有most,有时省略,如What disappointed him most was that he was told to wait for another chance.
【翻译】
(1)使我们感到非常高兴的是我们队赢了比赛。
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)最让他失望的是操场在下雨天会变得泥泞。
_______________________________________________________________________
4. Living in the village was also more challenging than he had thought.
The school was much smaller than he expected, with only three classrooms.
比较级than sb thought/expected/planned/intended。
【翻译】
(1)他比我们原先想的来的晚
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)他对村子做出的贡献比村民预期的大。
_______________________________________________________________________
四、合作探究
1. Complete Word Builder.
-ed/-ing Adjectives
Verb -ed Adjective -ing Adjective
to tire
to excite
to surprise
to interest
to challenge
to satisfy
2. Use the words in Word Builder to fill in the blanks.
(1) After a long day, Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room, feeling_____________.
(2) He imagined all sorts of _____________.things about living and teaching in a village.
(3) Living in the village was also more _____________ than he had thought.
(4) It is not _____________ that PE is the kids’ favourite subject!
(5) Their school lives are now more attractive and _____________.
(6) Zhang Tian is planning to organise the first-ever school concert! Everyone is very_____________.
(7) What made him feel _____________ was that his students were able to read, speak and write in English.
3. Which type of adjectives (-ed / -ing) describes situations, people or things? Which type describe people’s feelings? Give two examples of each to illustrate your points.
a situations, people or things ( )
b people’s feelings ( )
以ing结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰物,译为“令人……的”,“使人……的”。如:exciting news,主要用于说明事物,表示事物的性质或特征。若用它们说明人,则表示此人具有此性质或特征。如:Our teacher is amusing and he often tells jokes in class.
You are disappointing again. You failed the exam again
以-ed结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰人,译为“感到……的”,常作表语说明人,如:I am excited.有时也可说明与人有关的事物,如voice, look, expression
He told me the news in an excited voice.
He has a frightened look on her face.
比较体会一下句子:
(1) She wore a disappointed look on her face, and she told me the bad news in a disappointed voice.
(2) The wine was excellent, but the food was disappointing.
(3) He was witty, amusing, and gifted.
(4) They told us amusing stories about their holidays.
(5) He was an inspiring teacher.
(6) She made a frightening face to her mother.
请再比较并体会以下句子:
(1) He is frightened.
He is frightening.
(2) He has a frightened look on his face.
He has a frightening look on his face.
(3) I read an interested expression on his face.
I read an interesting expression on his face.
五、分析长难句,判断复合句类型
1. They enjoy playing football in the playground, as well as singing songs they’ve learnt.
2. The contribution he made to the village was great, so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them.
3. Although he had only intended to stay for one year, he now feels ready to stay for another year.
4. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground which got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days.
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Unit 1 Life Choices
Writing Workshop & Reading Club
【学习目标】
1.学习能力目标
(1)能够借助关键词,在理解文章大意的基础上,找出段落主题句,完成读前问题;
(2)用所学的词汇和语言的对课文进行复述;
(3)能够借助已知的关键信息,适当补充辅助信息,写出完整的电子邮件。
2.语言能力目标
(1)能够正确运用以下简单句句式结构进行邮件写作:Subject +Verb +Object; Subject +Verb +Predicative; There +Be +Real Subject; Subject +Verb +Indirect Object +Direct Object;
(2)能正确认知并且运用以下词汇和短语:include, occasion, trend, increasingly, inspire, provide, come up with, weary, digestion, opportunity, entertainment, community, stressful, miss doing sth, be busy doing sth, cut off等。
【学习重难点】
1.重点
(1)如何使用地道、恰当的语言进行邮件书写;
(2)正确理解并运用简单句结构以及-ed和-ing形容词的表达;
(3)礼貌进行日常对话。
2.难点
(1)能用得体的英语书写邮件;
(2)能正确识别-ed形容词和-ing形容词的使用语境。
【学习过程】
写作课
1. How would you write an email about your new school life?
2. Read the email on Page 18 and answer the following questions:
(1) Who is Fang Lan? Why is Wang Ying writing to her?
(2) Is the email formal or informal? Why is it written this way?
3. Find and circle examples of
Contractions (e.g., don’t)
Informal words and phrases (e.g., well)
Dashes (—) and exclamation marks (!)
4. Use the elements in Activity 3 on Page 19 to label the email on Page 18.
5. Look at the Sentence Builder and make 2–3 sentences about the school life. Pay attention to the sentence structure.
6. Complete the outline of the email based on the writing sample and Activity 3 on Page 19.
7. Use the outline and the Writing Help to write the first draft.
8. Edit your email in pairs.
阅读课
Teatime
1. What do you know about tea culture?
2. Try to predict the passage that will be talked about based on the titles and the first sentence or the first paragraph.
3. Read the text and answer the following questions:
Why did the Duchess of Bedford invite friends to come for tea in the afternoon?
What does yum cha mean?
4. What are the similarities and differences between English and Southern Chinese tea culture?
City or Country?
1. What are the differences between the city and the country? Which do you like better and why?
2. Guess the differences living in London and the Isle of Wight.
3. List the advantages and disadvantages of city life and country life by completing the mind map on Page 23.
4. What does the writer mean by saying “I think it isn’t about where you live – it’s about how you live” in the last paragraph?
5. Do you agree with the writer’s conclusion? Why or why not?
精炼反馈
1.根据要求写出对应英文或中文和词性。
(1) duchess ______________
(2) 提出(词组)______________
(3) weary ______________
(4) laid-back ______________
(5) opportunity _____________
(6) increasingly ___________
(7) trend ___________
(8) occasion__________
(9) community __________
(10) stressful __________
(11) 错过做某事(句型) __________________________
(12) 忙于做某事(句型) _____________________________
2.语篇语法填空。
What on earth does happiness mean? I can’t give you its exact definition, but I’m sure if you love and help others you’ll get it.
I’ll never forget an old lady. She lives in 1__________ small house alone. It is said that her husband and her son 2__________ (die) in a road accident years ago. Her life is bitter, but she often helps others 3________ a smile. Whenever it snows, she is always the first 4________ (clean) the paths. She looks after several children living nearby. I am one of them. I often remember the stories she told us and her kind smile. Perhaps she is unlucky, but I think she is a happy person. Her life is full of 5__________ (laugh) and love.
But I’m sad to see some people getting their happiness in bad ways. They talk 6________ (noisy) in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees to enjoy themselves and they laugh at others’ shortcomings. Perhaps they feel happy at that time, 7_________ they will never get true happiness because they 8_________ (lose) their personality already.
Now I know what happiness is. 9_________ means kindness, love and unselfishness. Above all, I have come to understand that 10_________ (bring) happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.
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