2020年中考英语二轮复习话题六文化与习俗、故事与诗歌课件（64张）

课件64张PPT。第二部分 基于话题的语言能力话题六 文化与习俗、故事与诗歌Part 1话题基础词句文化与习俗
1. 文化 _____________ 2. 博物馆 _____________
3. 展览 _____________ 4. 收藏品 _____________
5. 习俗 _____________ 6. 活动 _____________
7. 节日 _____________ 8. 传统 _____________
9. 文学 _____________话题相关词汇culturemuseumexhibitioncollectioncustomactivityfestivaltraditionliterature文化描述
1. 古典的 _____________ 2. 神秘的 _____________
3. 传统的 _____________ 4. 现代的 _____________
5. 幽默的 _____________ 6. 历史的 _____________
7. 一般的 _____________ 8. 特别的 _____________
9. 受欢迎的 _____________
10. 众所周知的 _____________
11. 著名的 _____________ 12. 当地的 _____________
13. 外国的 _____________ 14. 西方的 _____________classicalmysterioustraditionalmodernhumoroushistoricalnormalspecialpopularwell-knownfamouslocalforeignwestern礼仪
1. 尊敬 _____________ 2. 道歉 _____________
3. 有礼貌的 _____________ 4. 粗鲁的 _____________
5. 对某人友好 _____________
6. 餐桌礼仪 ______________ 7. 嘲笑 _____________
8. 与……不同 _______________________
9. 邀请 _____________ 10. 在公共场所 _____________
11. 行为；举止 _____________
12. 吵闹 _____________
13. 主人 _____________
14. 客人 _____________respectapologizepoliterudebe friendly totable mannerslaugh atbe different frominvitein publicbehaviormake a noisehostguest故事与诗歌
1. 故事 _____________
2. 诗 _____________
3. 诗集 _____________
4. 诗人 _____________
5. 结局 _____________
6. 作家 _____________
7. 风格 _____________
8. 作品 _____________
9. 小说 _____________storypoempoetrypoetendingwriter/authorstyleworknovel1. 中秋节是中国最重要的传统节日之一。
The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China.
2. 春节通常在一月或二月来临。
The Spring Festival usually comes in January or February.
3. 不同的国家有不同的餐桌礼仪。
Different countries have different table manners. 话题相关句型4. 在中国，我们第一次见面时应该握手。
In China, we are supposed to shake hands when we meet for the first time.
5. 李白是中国历史上最著名的诗人之一。
Li Bai is one of the most well-known/famous poets in Chinese history.Part 2话题阶梯训练A1完形填空(2017恩施改编)
短文简介：本文的关键词是“黑五购物狂欢节”。文章介绍了黑五购物狂欢节，描述了当天的购物情况。而对比各大商店关门营业与家人共度的感恩节，大家纷纷在网上写信表达黑五购物狂欢节能有所改变的期望。
Lots of men and women go shopping on Black Friday in the USA and other western countries. Supermarket gives discounts(折扣) of up to 70%. It's a big ___1___ day in the A组(难度：容易)USA and it went into Britain five years ago. On that day, the _____2_____ go to the supermarkets and a lot of shoppers are there. The police are worried that the supermarkets are too _____3_____. _____4_____ the help of the police, shoppers can get in and out of the supermarkets ____5____.
Shoppers in the UK are happy on Black Friday, ___6___ the clerks in the supermarkets are not, because they are very _____7_____ on that day. However, on the US celebration of Thanksgiving, people _____8_____ it with their family. Many big stores aren't open on that day. There are over 60 letters on the website Change.org. All of _____9_____ show that many people want Black Friday to change. They think family is _____10_____ than making money. Maybe, there won't be any crazy Black Friday in Britain any longer. (　　)1. A. celebrating B. shopping
C. giving D. family
(　　)2. A. men B. women
C. people D. police
(　　)3. A. crowded B. uncomfortable
C. dirty D. noisy
(　　)4. A. To B. For
C. With D. Without
(　　)5. A. conveniently B. safely
C. freely D. immediatelyBDACB(　　)6. A. and B. but
C. or D. so
(　　)7. A. hardworking B. lazy
C. relaxed D. tired
(　　)8. A. spend B. cost
C. take D. pay
(　　)9. A. the stores B. the clerks
C. the letters D. the shoppers
(　　)10. A. more difficult B. less difficult
C. more important D. less importantBDACCA2阅读理解(2017北京)
短文简介：本文的关键词是“博物馆”。这四则关于不同类型的博物馆的广告告诉读者博物馆开展活动的时间、内容、参加活动对象的年龄与联系方式。(提醒：做题时，请在语篇中画出你认为有关正确答案的语境线索。)(　　)1. You can join in the programs at the Postal Museum any day ________.
A. from July 17 to 23 B. from July 29 to 30
C. from August 7 to 20 D. from August 21 to 27
(　　)2. If you are interested in the program about video arts, you can phone ________.
A. 965-0400 B. 654-0930
C. 357-3030 D. 272-0560AC(　　)3. A 15?year?old student can take part in the programs at ________.
A. the Building Museum B. the Postal Museum
C. the Air and Space Museum D. the Science Museum
(　　)4. In the Air and Space Museum, you can ________.
A. create a stamp B. build a house
C. make a paper airplane D. explore a future cityAC(　　)5. Which is NOT true about the Building Museum?
A. You can design houses.
B. You can build small houses with hard bricks.
C. You can visit some well-known buildings.
D. You can join them without paying any money. BA3短文填空(2019河北改编)
短文简介：本文的关键词是“同学之情”。文章介绍了作者与同学David之间从相遇、相知到别离与思念的美好故事。
I have a photo album (相册). It's a _____1_____ from my classmate—David.
I got to know David on the first day of middle school. We both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, ___2___ we always had a lot of things to talk about. Once I traveled ___3___ him to his hometown in the countryside. He showed
me around and I saw many interesting things. We had a____4____ time. It is really nice to have such ____5____ good classmate.
However, last summer, David went to ____6____ city because of his father's job. Before leaving, he gave ___7___ a photo album. “It has the memorable(值得纪念的)events we have experienced together. I have also ____8____ some notes under each of these photos,” he said. I was ___9____ moved.
I always look at the album when I think ____10____ David. I really miss him. 1. _____________
2. _____________
3. _____________
4. _____________
5. _____________
6. _____________
7. _____________
8. _____________
9. _____________
10. _____________present/giftsowithwonderful/good/great/niceaanothermewrittendeeply/very/so/prettyofB1完形填空(2019河北改编)
短文简介：本文的关键词是“尿裤子”。文章讲述了Tony在教室意外尿裤子，在担心被人发现的时候，被Emily巧妙地从尴尬中拯救出来的故事。
Tony, a nine?year?old kid, is sitting at his desk when suddenly he wets(尿湿)his pants. He thinks his heart is going to stop because he can't possibly know how this has happened. It has never happened before. He knows the after?effect (后果) —When the boys find out, he will ___1____ B组(难度：适中)hear the end of it. When the girls find out, they'll never speak to him again ____2____ he lives.
Tony puts his head down and says to ____3____, “Oh, no. What can I do? I need help now!”
He looks up and notices the teacher ____4____, with a look in her eyes that says he has been discovered.
As the teacher is walking to him, a classmate named Emily is carrying a glass that is full of ___5___. Emily falls down in front of the teacher and ___6___ the glass of water in Tony's pants. Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, “Thank you, dear! Thank you, dear!” Now all of a sudden, ____7____ being the person that everyone laughs at, Tony is the person of sympathy (同情). The person ____8____ everyone laughs at should be him, but now it is Emily.
She tries to help, but they tell her, “You've done __9__, you stupid!”
At the end of the day, as they are ____10____ the bus stop, Tony walks over to Emily and says in a low voice, “You did that on purpose, didn't you?”
Emily says back in a quiet voice, “I wet my pants once, too.”(　　)1. A. always B. often
C. sometimes D. never
(　　)2. A. as soon as B. as long as
C. as far as D. as early as
(　　)3. A. the teacher B. the boys
C. the girls D. himself
(　　)4. A. coming B. going
C. leaving D. looking
(　　)5. A. tea B. water
C. milk D. coffeeDBDAB(　　)6. A. falls B. puts
C. gives D. drops
(　　)7. A. because of B. as for
C. instead of D. thanks to
(　　)8. A. whose B. who
C. which D. what
(　　)9. A. enough B. well
C. a lot D. much
(　　)10. A. looking for B. looking at
C. waiting for D. waiting atDCBADB2阅读理解(2019宁波改编)
短文简介：本文的关键词是“诗歌”。这首诗描绘了在城市不同地方、不同场景中忙碌的人们。
_______________
by Lois Lenski
Sing a song of people
Walking fast or slow;
People in the city
Up and down they go. 5 People on the sidewalk,
People on the bus;
People passing, passing,
In back and front of us. People on the subway
10 Underneath the ground.
People riding taxis
Round and round and round.
People with their hats on,
Going in the doors;
15 People with umbrellas
When it rains and pours. People in tall buildings
And in stores below;
Riding elevators
20 Up and down they go.
People walking singly,
People in a crowd;
People saying nothing,
People talking loud. 25 People laughing, smiling,
Grumpy people too;
People who just hurry
And never look at you!
Sing a song of people
30 Who like to come and go;
Sing of city people
You see but never ________!
(提醒：做题时，请在语篇中画出你认为有关正确答案的语境线索。)(　　)1. The poem is about a ________ city.
A. beautiful B. busy
C. rainy D. small
(　　)2. In Line 21, the underlined word “singly” means ________.
A. alone B. fast
C. slowly D. quietlyBA(　　)3. According to the poem, the best word for the blank in Line 32 is ________.
A. borrow B. throw
C. know D. allow
(　　)4. The last words in Line 2 and Line 4 (Lines 6 and 8, Lines 10 and 12, Lines 14 and 16 … Lines 30 and 32)have the similar ________.
A. spelling B. meaning
C. pronunciation D. collocationCC(　　)5. What's the best title of the poem?
A. Let's Sing a Song
B. Sing a Song of Freedom
C. Sing a Song of the City
D. Sing a Song of PeopleDB3短文填空(2017铜仁改编)
短文简介：本文的关键词是“京剧”。文章介绍了作为中国文化精髓的京剧的起源、内容与特色，并叙述了近年来越来越多的人对京剧的热爱之情。
Beijing Opera is our national opera. It came into being after 1790 and has a history of over 200 years. ____1____ music and singing came from Xipi and erhuang in Anhui and Hubei.
There are four main roles in Beijing Opera：Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou. Beijing Opera is full of famous _____2_____，beautiful facial paintings，wonderful gestures and fighting. Some of the stories are _____3_____ history books，but most are from famous novels. The people in the stories usually _____4_____ agree with each other. Because of that, they _____5_____ angry，unhappy，sad and lonely. Sometimes they are frightened and worried. Then they find _____6_____ way to make peace with each other. _____7_____ is usually happy in the end. Beijing Opera is an important part of Chinese ___8____. In China, it used to be popular with old people while young people didn't like it very much. However，more young people are becoming ____9____ in it nowadays. And more people around the world are learning about Beijing Opera's special singing，acting and facial paintings. It's getting more and more popular ____10____ many people from other countries get to know more about China because of it. As a Chinese, I am proud of it. 1. _____________
2. _____________
3. _____________
4. _____________
5. _____________
6. _____________
7. _____________
8. _____________
9. _____________
10. _____________Itsstoriesfromcan't/don'tbecome/are/feelaEveryonecultureinterestedandC1完形填空(2018山西改编)
短文简介：本文的关键词是“十二生肖之一——狗”。文章由2018的狗年引入话题，讲述了在中国的传统文化中人们对“狗”的情感与理解，并介绍了这一独特的文化在日常生活中的体现。
According to the traditional Chinese custom, 2018 is just the year of Dog. Ranking as the eleventh animal in the Chinese zodiac—the Shengxiao, Dog is a _____1_____ of loyalty (忠诚)and honesty. C组(难度：挑战)●Self?mocker (自嘲)
Words and phrases including dogs (Gou in Chinese)are commonly used by young people when telling jokes about _____2_____. For example, you can say “Valentine's Day has nothing to do with me _____3_____ I am a single dog.” It is believed that dog-related words and phrases usually have _____4_____ humor to make people laugh and happy.
●Close relationship
Among some young people, adding “dog” to a friend's __5__ has the meaning of a close relationship. One of ____6____ examples in China is that the actor Lin Gengxin is called Lin Gou by his close friends and beloved fans. ●Easy to _____7_____
Kids with pleasant names are easy to bring up, according to an ancient Chinese saying. Parents in the countryside prefer to give nicknames including Gou Sheng and Gou Dan to their kids in the hope that they are as _____8_____ to be raised as dogs.
●Metaphor (隐喻)
Since dogs are ____9____ to have many good qualities (品质), the word is included in more than 10 Chinese metaphors. For example, “serve like a dog or a horse” is used to describe someone ____10____ is ready to work hard for the people who have powers. (　　)1. A. situation B. symbol
C. survey D. supply
(　　)2. A. it B. them
C. themselves D. others
(　　)3. A. since B. though
C. if D. while
(　　)4. A. no B. bad
C. well D. good
(　　)5. A. family B. fans
C. name D. examplesBCADC(　　)6. A. famous B. more famous
C. most famous D. the most famous
(　　)7. A. use B. give
C. raise D. rise
(　　)8. A. easily B. easy
C. difficultly D. difficult
(　　)9. A. forced B. considered
C. required D. encouraged
(　　)10. A. who B. whom
C. what D. whichDCBBAC2阅读理解(2017北京改编)
短文简介：本文的关键词是“名字”。文章讲述了英国人姓名的发展史。
Many American names come from England. But where did most English names come from?
Centuries ago, most people in England had only one name—their first name. In the 11th century, five or six of the 50 people in a village might be named William, and it was easy to get confused. But in the Middle Ages, people found a way to describe each person exactly. If there were four Williams in one village, one might be referred to as William the son of John. A second might be called William from the hill. A third,William the blacksmith(铁匠). And a fourth, William the brown haired. In conversation, people might refer to the four Williams as William John?s son, William hill, William smith, and William brown.
It was 300 or 400 years before the extra (附加的)names gradually developed into last names, or surnames. They were passed on from generation to generation. By the 1300s, Robert, the son of William smith, had the name Robert smith, even if he was not a blacksmith like his father. As the last name became widely accepted, the first letter was capitalized(大写), as in Robert Smith. By the 15th century, most people of the upper and middle classes had surnames.
Many surnames were based on father-son relations. The “son of” part was added to the father's first name, like Johnson, meaning John's son. Sometimes it was shortened to just “s”, as in Jones or Evans. Surnames like Hill described the place where a person lived. They are the most common type of surname. A third kind of surname was based on a person's job. Forester was someone who looked after the forest. In the Middle Ages, occupation names such as Baker, Carpenter, and Miller became common. The fourth kind of surname was nickname(绰号). A man whose surname was Bear might be as fierce(凶猛的)as a bear.
Have you ever wondered why some surnames are so common? The most common surname in the English language is Smith. Being able to make metals(金属)into tools was an important skill in the Middle Ages, and many people were trained as blacksmiths. The most common American surnames are Smith, Johnson, William and Brown.
(提醒：做题时，请在语篇中画出你认为有关正确答案的语境线索。)(　　)1. People first found a way to describe each person exactly when they had the same name ________.
A. centuries ago
B. in the 11th century
C. in the Middle Ages
D. 300 or 400 years agoC(　　)2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. It took 300 or 400 years for extra names to develop into surnames gradually.
B. By the 13th century, only the man who worked as a blacksmith like his father could have the name “smith”.
C. The first letter of the last name was capitalized as soon as it was first used.
D. By the 15th century, everyone had their own surnames. A(　　)3. The underlined word “occupation” means ________ in the fourth paragraph?
A. 关系 B. 方位
C. 性格 D. 职业
(　　)4. The fourth paragraph is mainly about ________.
A. the relations of surnames and family members
B. the kinds of surnames
C. the meaning of surnames
D. the development of surnamesDB(　　)5. What's the best title of the passage?
A. The History of American Names
B. The Differences Between American and English Names
C. What's in a Name?
D. Why Surnames are Widely Used?CC3短文填空(2019绵阳改编)
短文简介：本文的关键词是“中国丝绸”。文章讲述了丝绸的特点以及丝绸之路在古今中外的发展史。
Many people love Chinese silk. It has bright colors and it _____1_____ soft and comfortable, so it is wonderful to be made into silk clothing. Silk clothing has beautiful patterns. Among them, the most popular patterns are flowers and birds. _____2_____, silk plays an important part in Chinese culture. The history of silk in China began more than 5,000 years ago. Silk was valuable in ancient China. Wearing silk was a _____3_____ of being rich. At first, only members of the king's family could wear silk.
Silk was also _____4_____ among foreign people. They loved silk and would like to pay a lot of money for it. The Chinese kings used to keep how to make silk a secret. Anyone _____5_____ told the secret or took silkworms (茧) out of China would be killed. So the secret of silk making was _____6_____ unknown until 200 B.C. Then, some other countries began to know how to make silk. There were no cars or planes 2,000 years ago. People bought or sold all kinds of goods along _____7_____ road between China and Europe. People called it the Silk Road ___8___ most of the goods going on the road were made of silk. The road was 8,000 km long ___9___ mountains and deserts. It was really a long way to go and it was not easy.
The Silk Road is very important to both China and the rest of the world, not only in the past but also in the present. It once played the role as the land bridge between the East and the West. Today, China and five _10_ central Asian countries are working together. They want their Silk Road treasures to be on the World Cultural Heritage List(文化遗产名录).1. _____________
2. _____________
3. _____________
4. _____________
5. _____________
6. _____________
7. _____________
8. _____________
9. _____________
10. _____________feels/isBesides/AlsosymbolpopularwhokeptabecausethroughotherPart 3话题读写综合 A. 回答问题
请阅读一篇有关“中国元宵节”的短文，根据所提供的信息，回答问题。
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th of the first month of the lunar calendar(阴历). This day always has the first full moon in the new year. Ancient people also called it Shangyuan Festival. Celebrations and traditions on this day began from the Han Dynasty(朝代)and became popular in the Tang Dynasty. Watching the red lanterns is one of the main traditions. Lanterns of different shapes and sizes are usually put on trees, or along river banks on show. It is said that sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming to ask for help when he was in trouble. Today, when the lanterns slowly rise into the air, people make wishes.
Another tradition is guessing lantern riddles(谜语). The riddles are usually short, wise, and sometimes humorous. The answer to a riddle can be a Chinese character(汉字)，a famous person's name, or a place name. The most important thing is to eat sweet dumplings with different tastes. In northern China, they are called yuanxiao while in southern part they?re named tangyuan. Because making sweet dumplings is like a game or an activity, they are usually done happily by a group of friends or family members.
In old times, the Lantern Festival was also romantic(浪漫的). Watching lanterns gave young people a chance to meet each other. A line from Xin Qiji, a poet during the Song Dynasty, shows this: Hundreds and thousands of times I searched for her in the crowd. Suddenly I turned, and there she stood, in the dim(昏暗的)light. Answer the following questions.
1. What is the date of the Lantern Festival?
________________________________________________
2. How many traditional activities are there on that day?
________________________________________________
3. Who is said to use the sky lantern first?
________________________________________________It's the 15th of the first month of the lunar calendar.There are three / 3 traditional activities on that day.Zhuge Kongming is said to use the sky lantern first. / Zhuge Kongming.4. How do the people from the north of China call sweet dumplings?
________________________________________________
5. What did watching lanterns give young people in old times?
________________________________________________They call them yuanxiao.It gave them a chance to meet each other. B. 书面表达
随着中国的发展与强大，中国的传统文化受到越来越多国际友人的关注。请以 “The Spring Festival” 为题，写一篇短文，向外国朋友介绍我国的春节。
内容包括：
1. 介绍春节在中国人心目中的地位以及人们庆祝春节的时间。
2. 谈谈春节期间的传统活动(至少三种)。
3. 呼吁大家热爱祖国，传承优秀的传统文化。 作文要求：
1. 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名。
2. 语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。二、怎么写——遣词句，重结构
The Spring Festival
第一点：介绍春节在中国人心目中的地位以及人们庆祝春节的时间(时态使用一般现在时)
春节是中国最重要的节日之一。The Spring Festival is ________.
人们一般在每年的一、二月份庆祝春节。It usually __________.
(此处可用the most important, one of the most important festivals in China等表达春节在中国人心中的地位。另外，可以用it usually arrives/comes …, people celebrate it …, it is celebrated … 等介绍人们庆祝春节的时间。)
第二点：谈谈春节期间的传统活动(至少三种)(时态使用一般现在时)
春节期间有许多传统活动。
There are ____________ during the Spring Festival.
(总起句，引入下文，可以使用first, second, finally使文章结构清晰，更有条理)首先，春节前的准备(一个月前开始准备食物，打扫卫生等)
First，before the Spring Festival, people ____________________
然后，除夕之夜，家人团圆，吃年夜饭，守夜，放烟花鞭炮等。
Second, on Chinese New Year's Eve, the family
(参考词汇：stay up till midnight, play fireworks and firecrackers)
最后，大年初一大家穿新衣，向父母拜年，收压岁钱等。
At last, on the first day of the lunar New Year, children __________
(参考词汇：greet parents，get lucky money)
第三点：呼吁大家热爱祖国，传承优秀的传统文化
中国有很多优秀有趣的传统文化，我们应该热爱我们的祖国，传承我们的文化。
As we can see, China ___________. They help us know more about our country and ourselves. Let's _______________.
(参考词汇：pass on, from one generation to another)【我的独立写作】(可整理上文，也可根据实际情况适当改写、补充)
The Spring Festival
The Spring Festival is ______________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It usually comes in January or February every year.
There are a lot of traditional activities during the Spring Festival. First, before the Spring Festival, people prepare a lot of delicious food for the big dinner with their family. They also clean their house. Second, on Chinese New Year's Eve, everyone gets together with their family to ________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
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________________________________________________have a big dinner. People often stay up till midnight to welcome the coming of the new year by playing fireworks and firecrackers. Finally, on the first day of the lunar year, the children will get up early, wearing new clothes. They will greet their parents and relatives. Parents and relatives will give the children some lucky money with the hope that the children will grow up healthily.
As we can see, China has a lot of traditional cultures which can help us know more about our country and ourselves. Let's love our country and pass on the great traditional cultures from one generation to another.