第十四讲 八年级下册 Units 7-8 教材梳理整合
基础知识梳理
【话题】
Unit 7 ： Facts around the world Unit 8: Literature and music
【词汇总结】
名词：
1 沙漠_________ 2 人口_________ 3 亚洲____________ 4 旅行者_________
5 成就_________ 6 条件；状况______ 7自然界__________ 8 大海；海洋_______
9 出生_________ 10 竹子 _________ 11 激动___________ 12 疾病_________
13 政府________ 14 保护 _________ 15 珠宝___________ 16 岛_________
17 工具_________ 18 陆地__________ 19 科技___________ 20 法语________
21 成功_________ 22 笑声__________ 23 美丽__________
动词：
1 保护；防护___________ 2 包括；包含________ 3 达到；完成_______
4 重量是 _____________ 5 濒危的____________ 6 醒着__________
7 巨大的______________ 8 南方的_____________ 9 现代的__________
形容词：
1 奇怪的；奇怪的___________ 2 睡着__________ 3 冰冷的__________
4 虚弱的; 无力的____________ 5 愚蠢的__________ 6 西方国家的________
7 全部的；整体的____________ 8 勇敢的_______
副词
1 永远__________ 2 在国外；到国外_________
兼类词
1 研究；调查（n. v. )________________ 2 唱片；记录（n.) 录制；录（音）（v)_______
【短语归纳】
1 take in _______________ 2 in the face of _____________ 3 出生时______________
4 fall over _______________ 5 full of __________________ 6 赶快；匆忙_____________
7 up to ________________ 8 or so _________________ 9 ever since ____________
10 属于_________________ 11 one another ____________________
【句子提炼】
-- _______ is ______ _____ mountain in the world ?世界上最高的山是什么？
--Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛
-- _______ -______ is Qomolangma? 珠穆朗玛有多高？
--It’s 8,844.43 _______ ______ .它8，844.43米高。
3 -- ______ is _____ ______ salt lake in the world ?世界上最深的咸水湖是哪个？
--The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes . 里海是所有咸水湖中最深的。
4 --Did you know China is _______ _______ ______ ______ _______ in the world ?你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？
5 _______ _______ _______ ________ _______ , there are no man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知，再没有像它这梓大的人造物体了。
--____ you ____ Little Women yet ? 你看过《小妇人》了吗？
--Yes, I ______ / No, I _______ . 是的， 我看过。 /没有， 我没有看过。
7 --______ Tina ______ Treasure Island yet ? 蒂娜看过《金银岛》了吗？
--Yes, she _____ . She thinks it’s fantastic. 是的，她看过。她觉得它很棒。
8 Even since then , he ______ _____ a fan of American country music. 从那时起，她就成了美国乡村音乐的一名”粉丝”
【交际用语】
Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour .
You should hurry up .
【语法小结】
数词的用法。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。
现在完成时的用法。
知识考点清单
考点一 succeed 的用法
教材原文 The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. in 1975,在1960年，第一个中国登山队登顶成功，而来自日本的田部井淳在1975年成为第一个成功登顶的女登山者。
succeed作动词，意为“成功”。succeed in doing sth 意为“成功做某事”
They succeeded in reading the top of the mountain . 他们成功登上了山顶。
拓展：
“成功”的不同词性：
succeed v. 成功 success n. 成功（不可数) n. 成功的人或事（可数） successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地
例1 （2019河南新乡七中第一次月考29题1分）If you study hard , you will _____ in passing the final exam .
A success B. successful C. succeeded D. succeed
解析 will 后要用动词原形，succeed in doing sth . 意为“成功做某事”
答案：D
即时训练
1（2019吉林长春三中月考42题1分）用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
Practice makes perfect . It is one of the secrets of becoming a ______ (success) learner .
考点二 belong to 的搭配
教材原文 Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and success , but not about belonging to a group . 现在许多歌只是关于美国的现代生活，如金钱和成功的重要性，蛤不是有关归属感的。
belong 意为“属于；归属”，belong to 后跟名词或人称代词的宾格。“belong to +名词”同“be+名词所有格”；“belong to +人称代词宾格”同“be+名词性物主代词。”
The pink dress belongs to my sister. =The pink dress is my sister’s . 这件粉色的连衣裙属于我妹妹。
The schoolbag belongs to me =The schoolbag is mine . 这个书包是我的。
例2 （2019山东济南济阳期末8题1分）Whose volleyball is this ?
--It must belong to _____ .
A Bob B. mine C. she D. Carla’s
解析:belong to 后跟名词或人称代词的宾格，选项中只有Bob符合题意。
答案：A
即时训练
3 (2019吉林长春南关期末49题1分）Everyone knows that success _____ the people who never give up .
A belongs to B. cares about C. takes part in D. gives out
考点三 since和现在完成时的搭配
教材原文Ever since then , she has been a fan of American country music . 从那以后，她就迷上了美国乡村音乐。
和ever since 意为“自从；自..以后；自..以来”它们是现在完时的标志。Since 和ever since 后可以跟表示过去的时间点，也可以跟一般过去时的句子。现在完成时用来描述过去发生的事情对现在的影响或结果，对应的结构是“have/has+过去分词。”
I have led a happy life ever since then . 从那以后，我就一直过得很开心。
The city has changed a lot since I have live here . 自从我住 在这里以来，这个城市变了很多。
例3 (2019江西南昌十九中三月月考33题1分）My grandma ____ all my photographs and toys since I was born in 2004 .
A kept B. has kept C. had kept D. will keep
解析: 根据 since I was born in 2004 可知，主句的时态应是现在完成时，故答案为B。
答案 B
例4 （2018湖北宜昌中考28题1分）--It has been much easier for me to go to work _____ shared bikes appeared .
--But they also caused plenty of problems .
A since B. before C. unless D. though
解析： 根据从句的时态 “一般过去时” 和主句的时态 “现在完成时”可知，所缺的连词是since .
答案：A
即时训练
3 (2019山东青岛李沧期末33题）--Do you know him well ?
--Of course . We _____ friends since twenty years ago .
A have made B. became C. have been D. were
参考答案
词汇总结
名词：1. desert 2. population 3. Asia 4. tourist 5. achievement 6. condition 7. nature 8. ocean 9. birth 10. bamboo 11. excitement 12. illness 13. government 14. protection 15. treasure 16. island 17. tool 18. land 19. technology 20. French 21. success 22. laughter 23. beauty .
动词： 1. protect 2. include 3. achieve 4. weigh 5. hurry 6. introduce
形容词：1. deep 2. ancient 3. wide 4. thick 5. endangered 6. awake 7 huge 8. southern 9. modern
副词： 1. forever 2. abroad
兼类词：1.research 2. record
短语
吸入 ；吞入（体内） 2 面对（问题、困难等） 3 at birth 4. 绊倒 5. 满是...的；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的 6 hurry up 7. 到达（某数量、程度等） 8 大约 9自从 10 belong to 11 互相
句式提炼
What ; the highest 2. How high ; meters high 3. Which ; the deepest 4. one of the oldest countries ; much older 5 . As far as I know 6. Have ; read ; have ; haven’t 7. Has ; read ; has
即时训练
successful 2. A 3. C
八年级下册
Units 7-8
根据所给句子，填入一个适当的词，使句意完整。
--What’s the ______ of China ?
--It’s about 1.3 billion （亿）
More and more _______ come to China for a visit every year .
The Sahara is the largest _______ in the world .
If you work hard enough , you’ll ______ your dream in the future .
Cars can not run without ______ .
______ up , or we’ll be late for school .
A dictionary is a kind of learning _______ .
Diaoyu Island ______ to China forever .
Some Chinese tourists like to go ________ to see the foreign culture .
Please open your books and turn to _____ 40.
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
Tian’ anmen Square is one of _____ (large ) squares in the world .
I think English is as ______ (important ) as Chinese .
Do you lie ______ (wake ) at night worrying about things ?
Her _______ (ill) is becoming more and more serious .
Not everyone can realize the ______ (important ) of learning language .
Have you _______ (read ) the novel ?
I have _______ (be ) here for 5 years.
My hometown is in the _______ (south ) part of China .
She wants to go to France . Now she is learning ______ (France )
The bag isn’t mine . It belongs to _____ (he ) .
III 单项选择
( ) 1. The classic is very interesting and I can’t _____ .
A put it up B. put on it C. put it down
( ) 2. ______ Great wall is ____ longest wall in the world .
A The ; the B. A; a C. The ; a
( ) 3. The rich man gave away 5_______ his money to charity to help the poor children in Africa .
A millions B. million C. million of
( ) 4. --Do you know Lin Shuhao ?
--Yes. He is one of _____ basketball players in the NBA .
A popular B. more popular C. the most popular
( ) 5. I met Lucy in the primary school and we have been close friends _____ .
A as usual B. again and again C. ever since
( ) 6. --Where is Lucy ? I can’t find her now .
--She ____ Shanghai on business . She _____ back in three days .
A has been to ; comes B. has been to ; will come
C has gone to ; will come
( ) 7. If you read a lot , your life will be full ______ pleasure.
A by B. of C. for
( ) 8. Mrs. Green missed her footing and ____ just now .
A fell over B. fell ill C. fell for
( ) 9. An elephant eats _____ than a panda .
A many time more B. many times much C. many times more
( ) 10. --Have you finished your work ______ , Jane ?
--Yes, I’ve done it _______ .
A already ; yet B. yet ; already C. yet ; yet
完成对话 从方框中选择正确选项，交将其字母序号写在对话后面的横线上。（方框中有一个选项与对话内容无关）
That sounds interesting .
I bought it two months ago .
But you must give it back to me on time .
Have you read the book Robinson Crusoe ?
What is it about ?
It’s OK.
A:Hello , Amy !
B:Hello , Jack!
A: ___1___
B: Not yet . __2___
A:It’s about a man named Robinson . It tells us how the man lived on a lonely island .
B: Really ? ___3___ Who is the writer of it ?
A: It was written by a British novelist named Daniel Defoe .
B: Do you have the book ?
A: Yes. ___4___
B: Could you lend it to me ?
A: Sure . ___5___
B: No problem .
__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.________ 5._______
V 补全对话 根据对话内容，填写适当的话语，使对话完整、正确 。（每空词数不限）
A: Feel free to ask me anything about the rivers in China .
B: 1. ___________________________?
A: Ah, it’s the Yangtze River .
B:2. _______________________________?
A:It’s about 6,300 kilometers long .
B: Is it also the longest one in the world ?
A: No. The Amazon 3. _______________________ .
B: What about the Yellow River ?
A: 4. ________________________ .
B: Oh. Do you know how long it is ?
A: It’s about 5,464 5. _______________________________ .
VI 短文填空 从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文。（方框中有两个选项是多余的）
A still B. surprised C. important D. under E. forget F. stopped
G start H. funny I. die J. wasted K. None L. chance
A young man went to visit a wise man living deep in the mountain for the wisdom of life . “Excuse me ! Could you please tell me what the most __1___ day in our lives is ?
Is it the day when we were born or the day we ___2___ . Is it the day when we fall in love or the day we succeed?” The young man asked .
“___3___ . The most important day in our lives is today .” The wise man replied calmly .
“Why?” The young man felt more than ____4___. “Is it because there is a moving event taking place today ?”
“No. Nothing has happened today .”
“Is it because of my visit ?”
“Even if nobody visited me today , today is ___5___very important because today is the only wealth we have . No matter how bright tomorrow may be , it is yet to come; but no matter how common today is , it is ___6___ our control (控制）。”
The young man still wanted to ask something , while the wise man ___7___ him and said, “When we are talking about the meaning of today , we have __8__ a lot of it .”
The young nodded and then went down the mountain .
Actually , today is the only __9____ we have . So, what we should do now is to __10____ yesterday and tomorrow and catch fast today !
_________ 2._________ 3.___________ 4.____________ 5.___________
6.___________ 7.__________ 8.___________ 9.____________ 10.___________
VII. 阅读理解
(A)
One morning , Tom , a schoolboy , went to the People’s Hospital . In the waiting room , many sick people sat quietly on the chairs to wait for their turns . They all looked very sad , but Tm did not . He was enjoying a picture of Yao Ming in A newspaper . Just then a doctor came in to say he was ready for the next person . Tom jumped up and ran into the doctor’s room.
“Let me examine you ,” said the doctor . Before Tom said a word , the doctor made him lie down on a bed .” Now , let me listen to your heart .” Tom tried to speak , but the doctor told him not to say anything . “It’ll take your temperature (温度）”Tom tried to sit up , but the doctor stopped him . After a moment , the doctor said , “Well , my boy , you don’t have a cold . It’s nothing . In fact , there’s ______ wrong with you .” “I know there isn’t ,” said Tom , “I just cam her to get some medicine for my mother .”
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
( ) 1. What did Tom do before coming into the doctor’s room ？
A Sat on the chair B. Enjoyed a picture
C Jumped up and down D. Looked after an old man
( ) 2. What can you know from the passage ?
A Tom’s illness B. Tom likes sports C. Tom’s work D. Tom’s age
( ) 3. Which word can be filled in the blank (空）？
A something B. anything C. nothing D. not
( ) 4. Why did Tom go to see a doctor ?
A Because he got a cold .
B Because he wanted to visit his friend.
Because he had a fever
Because he came to get some medicine for his mother .
( ) 5. Which of the following sentences is TRUE ?
A The doctor took Tom’s temperature .
The doctor let Tom speak quietly
Tom worked in the People’s Hospital
Few people went to see a doctor that morning .
(B)
( ) 1. Which house is the most expensive ?
( ) 2. Which house is the smallest ?
( ) 3. Which house is the nearest to the city center ?
( ) 4. Which house is the newest ?
( ) 5. Which house is the oldest ?
根据陈述内容，选择相匹配选项。
Sunshine House
Price : 1,200,000 yuan Area: 180 sq.m. (平方米)
Year built : 1942 11 km from the city center
2 bedrooms , living room , kitchen , 2 bathrooms , a small garage (车库）
Rose Garden
Price : 1,300,000 yuan Area : 180 sq.m.
Year built : 1944 In the city center
3 bedrooms , kitchen , bathroom , living room , a garden and a garage
Seaview Palace
Price : 1,540,000 yuan Area : 250 sq.m.
Year built : 1984 23km from the city center
3 bedrooms , 2 bathrooms , kitchen , 2 dining rooms , a big beautiful garden
Country Home
Price : 1,250,000 yuan Area : 150 sq.m.
Year built : 1958 Between a river and the hill
3 bedrooms , bathroom , dining room , double garages
Red Lake
Price : 1,340,000 yuan Area: 160 sq.m.
Year built : 1994 Near a beautiful lake
2 bedrooms , living room , kitchen , a garden
( C )
Before you go to another country , it is helpful to know the language and some of the customs of the country .
When people meet each other for the first time in Britain , they said , “How do you do ?” Usually they do not shake hands when they just meet or say goodbye . But they shake hands after they haven’t met for a long time or when they will be away from each other for the first time .
Last year a group of German students went to England for a holiday . Their teacher told them that the English people hardly shake hands . So when they met their English friends at the station, they kept their hands behind their backs . The English students had learned the Germans shake hands as often as possible , so they put their hands in front and got ready to shake hands with them . It made both of them laugh .
阅读短文，判断句子（T）、误（F）
( ) 1. It’s not useful to know the customs before you go to another country.
( ) 2. The British people don’t often shake hands.
( ) 3. The students from Britain were told Germans often shake hands.
( ) 4. Two German students went to visit Britain last year .
( ) 5. It’s funny when the students met each other at the station .
(D )
Running is free , it’s easy and now it’s becoming cool as well. Many people do not have enough time to play a team sport , so instead they have started going running . In the past , running in the street was seen as a bit silly . But things are changing . ___1___ . Some people go to lose weight while others go simply to keep fit . Even at 6 o’clock in the morning you sometimes see runners in the streets . Scientists say that running is very food way to keep fit .
__2__ . In some schools when it rains and it’s too wet to play football or hockey , children have to do cross country running instead . Now as running has become more popular , hopefully more young people will take it up .
Every year in April , the London marathon (马拉松）takes place . The race covers a fantastic route (路线）in which runners pass lots of the famous places like the London Eye and Big Ben . ___3___ .
Interestingly , marathon running used to be seen as a hard sport , but now even people who are very unfit take part in running . After the marathon every year the streets suddenly become full of runners . __5___ . All you need is a pair of trainers and will power , so what are you waiting for ?
根据短文内容，将下面方框内的句子不原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺。
It’s not because marathons have got easier .
People come from all over the world to run in it .
Sadly , running is often quite unpopular at school .
Now , lot of people go out running in their spare time.
People find it so exciting that they want to try it themselves .
__________ 2._________ 3._________ 4.________ 5.__________
( E )
Charles Dickens (狄更斯) was born in London in 1812. His family was rather poor . Two days after his 13th birthday , Dickens started working in a factory . In his life , he changed several jobs and met all kinds of people . Many of his novels were based on his past experiences . Dickens started writing novels in his early thirties and became successful almost immediately . Oliver Twist , his second noel , came out in 1838 and was very successful . It told a story of a young orphan (孤儿) in the dangerous streets of London . The story has a happy ending --the young boy finds his real parents and a loving home . Because of this novel , great attention was paid to poor children . Over the next 25 years , Dickens wrote many other popular novels which are still read today . His books are liked by both the American and the British .
根据对话内容，完成句子。（每空词数不限）
Charles Dickens
Two days 1. ________ starting working in a factory
Celebrating his 13th birthday .
His past experiences
Changing 2. ________ jobs and meeting all kinds of people .
Oliver Twist --his second novel
Telling a story of a young orphan in the 3. _________ streets of London
From 1838 to 1863
Many other novels were 4. _______ by Dickens .
The people who like his books
The people from America and 5. _________
(F)
Have you heard the heavy snow in many cities in North China ? It was the heaviest snow in about sixty years .
The heaviest snow fell in Beijing and Tianjin over the weekend . An average layer of snow reached about 35 centimeters . The temperature in most northern parts of China dripped to minus (零下的) 20 to 32 degrees Celsius (摄氏度） and the central and south regions in North China dropped to about minus 10 to 18 degrees Celsius .
Thousands of travelers have been left at Beijing’s international airport , and more than 30 highways (高速公路) across northern China were closed . More than 3,500 schools in Beijing and Tianjin were closed down and more than 2.2 million students had one more day off . As we know , they had three days off during the New Year’s holiday . They should have gone to school on Monday , but actually they went to school on Tuesday .
Some people said the strange weather happened because of global warming . So it is our duty to protect the environment .
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
The heaviest snow fell in Tianjin , didn’t it ?
_________________________________________________________
What’s the temperature in most northern parts of China when the snow fell ?
___________________________________________________________
How many highways across northern China were closed ?
____________________________________________________________
How many days off did the students actually have before they went to school ?
_____________________________________________________________
What caused the strange weather according to the passage ?
_________________________________________________________________
VIII.书面表达
（A)新的一年就要到了，Tim在新的一年里要做许多事情，请帮他完成他的新年决心，使内容完整。（每空词数不限）
My New Year’s resolution
New year is coming . I’m going to do a lot of things next year . First I am going to learn to 1. _____ an instrument . Then I want to get good 2. _______ in the exams . Next I want to join the soccer team , so I am going to practice 3. ________ every day . 4. _______ the same time , I am going to eat lots of healthy food .
I hope my new year’s resolutions can 5. _______ .
假设你叫Lucy , 6月18日在报上看到一篇《救救老虎》的报道。想到最近看见人在路边销售老虎骨头（bone）等事，你感到担忧。请你给某报社编辑部写一封信。80词左右。
要点如下：1. 老虎是国家保护动物，目前数量日趋减少。
写信原因是目睹到有人为赚钱滥杀老虎。
大量砍伐森林，破坏了考虑的生存环境。呼吁严惩捕猎者(hunter).希望大家共同努力，创建一个人类和动物共存的幸福家园。
Dear editor ,
I’ve just read an article in a newspaper about saving tigers . It says that the number of tigers is becoming smaller in our country . It’s terrible . ________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Units 7-8
1. population 2. tourists 3. desert 4. achieve 5. oil 6. Hurry 7. tool 8. belong 9. abroad 10 . age
1. the largest 2. important 3. waking 4. illness 5. importance 6. read 7. been 8. southern 9. French 10. him
1-5 CACCC 6-10 CBACB
1-5 DEABC
1. What’s the longest river in China 2. How long is the Yangtze River 3. is longer than the Yangtze River 3. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China 4. kilometers long
1-5 CIKBA 6-10 KFJLE
(A ) 1-5 BBCDA
(B ) 1-5 CDBEA
(C ) 1-5 FTTFT
(D ) 1-5 DCBAE
(E ) 1. before 2. several 3. dangerous 4. written 5. Britain
(F ) 1. Yes, it did
It was minus 20 to 32 degrees Celsius
More than 30 highways
They had four days off .
Global warming
(A ) 1. play 2. grades 3. football 4. at 5. come true
(B ) Dear editor .
I’ve just read an article in a newspaper about saving tigers . It says that the number of tigers is becoming smaller in our country . It’s terrible . I saw a few people sell bones of tigers by the roadside the other day . I also learned that some people killed tigers in order to make money . And too many trees have been destroyed . Tigers are in danger of dying out .
Our government should punish the hunters . We should try our best to make our earth pleasant and peaceful , not only for human beings but also for animals .
Yours
Lucy
