2020年中考英语完形填空（通用）讲与练导学案含答案

2020年中考英语完形填空（通用）讲与练导学案含答案
完形填空
一、完形填空能力预测
One evening, I went out for a walk on the path (小路) near my house with my husband. On my finger was a very special ring with a diamond (钻石) that my grandmother gave me for my 23rd birthday. At the end of the path, when I looked down at it again and found the diamond was __1__. I started back along the path hurriedly __2__ the tiny stone. In my heart, I knew it seemed impossible for me to find it. The path was very long and __3__ with leaves. As I searched the ground, crying and upset, I met an old lady. “What's the matter, love？” She asked kindly. I __4__ about the missing diamond and showed her my ring. She said, “That's going to be hard to find. Tell me what, love, I walk along this path every day, I'll keep my eyes __5__ for it. ” I thanked her, __6__ nothing, but still told her that we sometimes walked our dog along the path if she might find something.
A few days later, my husband and I met the old lady on the path. “Guess what？” She said, “I found your diamond！” To our __7__， she'd found the tiny stone and was willing to hand it back to me. “It was lucky that I found it. ” When we __8__ her with some money for her help, she __9__ politely. I was deeply moved. She could have easily kept the diamond, or sold it, for it's worth several thousand dollars, but she didn't.
Every time I look at my ring and __10__ myself that there're kind and beautiful hearts in the world. I'll spend the rest of my life trying to do something like that.
1. A. changing B. shining C. burning D. missing
2. A. looking for B. staring at C. running after D. taking away
3. A. fed B. filled C. covered D. taken
4. A. explained B. asked C. cared D. learned
5. A. opened B. closed C. close D. open
6. A. getting B. expecting　 C. wondering D. telling
7. A. attention B. sadness C. surprised D. surprise
8. A. gave B. offered C. provided D. showed
9. A. refused B. received C. accepted D. confused
10. A. ask B. remind C. warn D. promise
【参考答案】1—10、DACAD 　　 BDCAB

二、完形填空解题策略指导
完形填空（Cloze test）是初中英语试题中必考题型。完形填空主要测试学生在具体语言环境中对文章的篇章结构、中心思想、推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求，及对所学英语的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力及逻辑推理判断能力等。这种题型归纳起来有如下特点：
1．在整份试卷中所占的分值较重，占10—15％，短文长度一般在130—200个单词左右。
2．降低了对单词本身的考查要求，重点考查考生对短文的整体理解，上下文的段落衔接，情理分析及推理判断能力。
?　　3．针对初中学生的实际水平，一般采用故事类、说明类短文，尽量避免专业性太强的文章或论文体。近年来出现了以意义选择为主、语法选择逐渐减少的趋势。
完形填空有多种形式，但它在基本设计原则上都是一致的。形式都是从短文中抽去若干个词或短语，让考生根据上下文填入适当的词或短语，为了有助于考生填入适当的词，可以提供四个答案（其中包括一个正确答案），让考生选出正确的答案；从所给的单词中，选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空；也可以给出单词首字母作提示将短文补全；也可以不给考生提供任何线索，完全凭借考生对文章的理解和现有的语言能力完成。最常见的还是选择型的完形填空。
抽词的办法可以是有针对性地抽取，也可以是随机地抽取。但目前比较流行的是对文章理解能力的考查，而不是单纯对语法结构的考查。
　　完形填空要求考生不仅要会运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及单句与全文之间的内在关系，选出适当的词填上，使文章完整与通顺。
?　　完形填空题要求填入的词主要有：构成各种时态和用法区别的动词及短语动词；名词和介词；根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的形容词、副词、代词和连词；同义词、近义词等易混词。考查以实词为主，兼顾虚词和语法结构。难点主要集中在根据上下文作正确判断的词的用法上。
　　在做完形填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能作出恰当的选择。具体可分为以下三步：
　　1. 通览全文，了解大意
　　答题时，应先越过空档，通读全文，理顺题意，找出信息词。这是做好完形填空题的关键。因为完形填空的特点是着眼于整体理解。我们如果把短文比作环环相扣的链条，那么由于空格的设置，“链条”从第二句起有些地方就脱节了。有些同学习惯于提笔就填或边读边填，急于求成，然而，欲速则不达，结果往往由于“只见树木不见森林”而事倍功半。因此我们应该依据首句给的启示，通过逻辑思维，借助短文中关键词所提供的信息，越过空档，尽快把全文读完，建立语言的整体感，帮助我们了解短文大意。
　　2. 综合考虑，先易后难
　　通览全文后，认真观察选项，瞻前顾后，仔细推敲，逐项选定。经过通读全文，对短文有了整体印象。在此基础上，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的地位，前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案。遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难，这是解题之道。当遇到难以判断的空档时，不妨先放一边，继续往下做。因为有些答案是必须通过下文的理解后才能作出断定的。有时，前后信息之间还有相互提示作用。因此，当我们遇到难题时，不能久久停留于此，这样会浪费不必要的时间。
　　3. 复读检验，消除疏漏
　　完成所有空档后，还要再次通读全文，看看这时的短文行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻辑关系是否合理。复查时，可从语法入手，检查一下句子的时态、主谓一致、代词的性、数、格以及词语的搭配等是否正确。凡遇疑点，必须根据文章的中心思想，从意义、语法的角度来仔细权衡，加以改正，弥补疏漏。
三、完形填空插练
Many years have passed, but I think of my kind teacher Mrs. White from time to time. I'll be thankful to her forever.
Although my stutter(口吃)had always been much of a problem, I __1__ in my old school and was a pretty good tenor(男高音). __2__ I learned that the new school's singing group was all filled up. It was such bad news, for singing was the one thing I could really do __3__and I could do it without stuttering. Mrs. White tried her best to help me and finally got me in the group. I felt like she really __4__about me. She always talked to me, and listened to me patiently. When others __5__ my stutter, she often stopped them. And she told me, “Never care about others; just do yourself.”
During the next two years，my speech didn't get much better — except with __6__. When I was in senior high school，things got worse. I once even wondered if I would __7__. It was a very depressing time, and I often felt __8__. When I was feeling really sorry for myself，I remembered Mrs. White had told me I must believe in myself and whether I could __9__ my speech was all up to me. She had told me not to fight for a perfect speech, just better speech. She was right about that. Finally I improved my __10__greatly.
Maybe she has forgotten me, but I'll never forget her.
(　　)1. A．sang B. spoke
C．played D. clapped
(　　)2. A．So B. Because
C．But D. Or
(　　)3. A．good B. better
C．best D. well
(　　)4. A．cared B. worried
C．thought D. talked
(　　)5. A．smiled to B. laughed at
C．stared at D. played with
(　　)6. A．me B. myself
C．her D. herself
(　　)7. A．give in B. give off
C．give up D. give away
(　　)8. A．nervous B. alone
C．happy D. tired
(　　)9. A．train B. share
C．change D. follow
(　　)10. A．speech B. English
C．study D. speaking
完形填空1～5 A C D A B　6～10 C C B C A

四、范例解析引路
　　Every year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are children, __1__ students are young people. Why do all these people want to learn__2__? It is not__3__to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their __4__. Many people learn English because it is__5__in their work. Some young people learn English__6__their higher studies because some of their books are__7__English. Other people learn English because they want to __8__newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to __9__ in the USA, England or Australia. English is very__10__in our life.
　　1. A. all B. the other 　 C. both D. other
　　2. A. English B. Chinese 　C. maths D. Japanese
　　3. A. hard B. easy C. good D. nice
　　4. A. books B. classes　C. schools D. subjects
　　5. A. good B. useful C. fine D. pleased
　　6. A. for B. of C. to D. from
　　7. A. in B. with C. at D. of
　　8. A. look B. see C. look at D. read
　　9. A. go B. work C. like D. come
　　10. A. help B. helping　C. helps D. helpful
　　首先，通览全文。通过通览全文，便知本文讲述许多人学习英语。学习英语的人年龄不同，目的各异。其次，本着先易后难的原则开始填空，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。
　　1. 选B。some...other(s)...意思是“一些……另一些(泛指)”； some...the other(s)...意思是“一些……另一些(特指)”。由语境可知，在学英语的学生中，除一部分是孩子外，剩余的是青年人(特指)。
　　2. 选A。根据上下文可知是English。
　　3. 选B。由文章内容来看，人们学习英语的原因多种多样，因此回答为什么那么多人学习英语这个问题并不容易。
　　4. 选D。由常识可知，English是学生学习的科目(subject)之一。
　　5. 选B。根据前后文意可知许多人学习英语，那是因为English在他们的工作中很有用(useful)。
　　6. 选A。本题属于介词用法辨析。介词for在此可表示目的、原因。
　　7. 选A。in English是习惯搭配。
　　8. 选D。“读报”英语习惯说read newspapers。
　　9. 选B。根据语境及句子结构，有些人学习英语或想出国(go to a country)或想在这些国家工作(work in a country)。
　　10. 选D。末句点题，"英语在我们生活中是很有帮助的(helpful)"。
　　最后，复读检验。将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，如果语句通顺，语意清楚，便结束本题，转做其它试题。
　　最后须提醒大家一点，做好完形填空题并非一日之功。我们应从平日学习中做起，多积累，勤学苦练，方可成功！
五、完形填空跟踪练习
（一）
Ayers Rock is right in the center of Australia. It's nearly two thousand kilometers __1__ Sydney, so we flew most of the way. It was rather cloudy __2__. But after we left the mountains behind us, there was hardly a cloud in the sky. Most of the land below __3__ sand, though dad told me it is greener than you think. “There are a lot of sheep down there,” he said, “but __4__ people!”
Ayers Rock is a large, low mountain. The day after we arrived, we got up early in the morning before the sun __5__. We started climbing up before it was light. It gets too hot for climbing later. Lower down, __6__ Ayers Rock, most of the ground is covered with forest and grass, and there are even __7__ small rivers. But when you climb higher, you’ll find nothing grows there at all. We didn’t reach the top __8__ it was too hot. __9__ is sand. In the evening, when the sun goes down, the sand is almost red. The sky is red too, so it is very, very beautiful. __10__ we only stayed there for a few days, we had a great time.
（ ）1. A. near B. from C. awayD. for
（ ）2. A. at first B. at last C. first D. in the end
（ ）3. A. looked B. looked as C. looked like D. liked
（ ）4. A. almost anyB. almost many C. nearly D. hardly any
（ ）5. A. rose B. rises C. risenD. was rising
（ ）6. A. at the top of B. on top of C. at the foot of D. on foot of
（ ）7. A. a little B. few C. a few D. little
（ ）8. A. so B. and yet C. though D. because
（ ）9. A. Around all it B. All around it C. It around all D. All it around
（ ）10. A. Since B. For C. As D. Though
参考答案1—5 BACDA 6—10 CCDBD

（二）
Before Father's Day, I found my father was unhappy because he was out of work. I decided to __1__ my father by buying him a special Father's Day gift.
One day after school I __2__ to the Agins which was known for fashions and styles. I told Agins that I was looking for a Father's Day present.
“Do you think he'd like a __3__？” she asked.
“I think he might.” I told her.
She __4__ a Swiss watch and I told her that I would like it.
“How much money do you have？” she asked.
“Twelve dollars.” I replied.
“You're so lucky！” she told me. “It's only $11. You still have $1 for the __5__. “ She packed the watch and I thanked for my business, and I rode off home with the gift under my arm.
When my father opened the gift, he asked __6__. “Where did you get it？”
“I bought it at the Agins. It cost me $11.” I said. My father was shocked into silence.
Many years later, I did learn that the watch was worth several hundred dollars, __7__ I appreciated(赞赏) how wonderful Agins had been to me. I always felt __8__ that I never had a chance to thank her.
“What really amazes me to this day...my daughter，” My father said, “letting you have the watch for 11 dollars was __9__ enough. But the fact that she let you leave the store with a dollar for the card was a touch(触动) of __10__. I'll never forget it.”
(　　)1. A. look after B. cheer up
C. think of D. pick up
(　　)2. A. drove B. took
C. rode D. started
(　　)3. A. watch B. bike
C. purse D. card
(　　)4. A. wore out B. put out
C. tried out D. took out
(　　)5. A. card B. store
C. gift D. style
(　　)6. A. sadly B. amazedly
C. excitedly D. angrily
(　　)7. A. or B. but
C. and D. so
(　　)8. A. regretful B. thankful
C. careful D. useful
(　　)9. A. believable B. able
C. unbelievable D. unable
(　　)10. A. help B. regret
C. cry D. kindness
完形填空1～5 B C A D A　6～10 B D A C D

（三）
Chicago is a famous city in the US. If you have a 1.______ to go to the US, it is a good idea to pay a visit to Chicago.
Chicago is the third 2.______ city in the US. It is home to people who come 3.______ all over the world. People move to Chicago from different places to live with their family or 4.______ who arrived here first. They come by train, plane or ship to live in this great city.
The center of Chicago is 5.______ The Loop(卢普区). You can see many tall buildings here, even some of the tallest in the world. As you travel away from The Loop, you will find there are communities of 6.______ foreign cultures. 7.______ you can’t travel east out of The Loop because of Lake Michigan.
When you travel south of The Loop, 8.______ will find areas like Chinatown. There, people from China 9.______ many of the same festivals as people in their hometowns do, for example, the Chinese New Year. They 10.______ celebrate the holidays of the US.
Chicago is also called the Windy City, so don’t forget to take more clothes with you.
1. A. choice B. way C. time D. chance
2. A. largest B. healthiest C. best D. least
3. A. with B. into C. from D. over
4. A. daughters B. fathers C. friends D. teachers
5. A. avoided B. called C. lent D. expected
6. A. different B. colorful C. lucky D. useful
7. A. And B. Or C. So D. But
8. A. we B. he C. they D. you
9. A. celebrate B. contribute C. develop D. congratulate
10. A. as well B. either C. also D. too
【参考答案】
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国的第三大城市——芝加哥。
1. D　【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：如果你有________去美国，去参观芝加哥是一个不错的主意。choice选择；way方式；time时间，次数；chance机会。根据上下文语境可知此处应表达“有机会去美国”。故选D。
2. A　【解析】考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意为：芝加哥是美国第三________城市。largest最大的；healthiest最健康的；best最好的；least最少的。根据常识可知芝加哥是美国第三大城市。故选A。
3. C　【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：它是________全世界人民的家。with有；into进入；from来自；over在……上。come from来自，为固定短语。故选C。
4. C　【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：人们从不同的地方搬到芝加哥，与最先抵达的家人或者________住在一起。daughters女儿；fathers父亲；friends朋友；teachers老师。根据语境可知此处应指“亲人和朋友”。故选C。
5. B　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：芝加哥的中心________卢普区。avoided避免；called称为；lent借；expected期望。根据句意可知此处应表达“被称为”。故选B。
6. A　【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：当你参观完卢普区后，你将会发现有很多________外国文化社区。different不同的；colorful五颜六色的；lucky幸运的；useful有用的。根据空后的cultures可知此处应强调文化的多元化。故选A。
7. D　【解析】考查连词的用法。句意为：由于密歇根湖________你不能穿过卢普区的东部旅行。And和，表顺承；Or或者，表选择；So因此，表因果；But但是，表转折。前文说通过卢普区，此处又说不能穿过东部。前后文形成转折。故选D。
8. D　【解析】考查代词的用法。句意为：当你游历卢普区南部时，________将会发现像唐人街这样的地区。we我们；he他；they他(她/它)们；you你。根据前半句中的“you”可知选D。
9. A　【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：在那里，来自中国的人们和在他们家乡的人们一样________很多相同的节日，比如中国的新年。celebrate庆祝；contribute贡献；develop发展；congratulate祝贺。根据语境及空后一句中的“celebrate”可知选A。
10. C　【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意为：他们________庆祝美国的节日。as well，either，also，too均指“也”。根据语境可知此处应表达“也庆祝”，also用于肯定句中并且位于句中。故选C。

（四）
I have tried many ways to be 1 . I don’t wear a sweater when I 2 , and two days ago I walked in the 3 without my shoes. But so far nothing 4 . Debbie once told me about a boy in her class who liked 5 school. He would rub(摩擦) the end of the thermometer (温度计) until it went 6 to 39℃. Then he’d put it in his mouth and his mother would think he was 7 ill.
This morning I tried doing that but it 8 went above 35℃ and I rubbed it for ten 9 . So I held the thermometer 10 the light on my desk and it went up to 40℃. I thought I’d put it in my mouth and walk downstairs like that. 11 my mother would take it out and she would be 12 when she saw that I was rather ill.
The only trouble was I didn’t know the thermometer would be so 13 , As soon as I put it into my mouth I burnt my tongue(舌头)! I spit (吐) the thermometer out. It fell 14 the floor but it 15 .
1. A . well B. fine C. ill D. bad
2. A . could B. should C. must D. might
3. A . water B. rain C. sun D. wind
4. A . happens B. happened C. will happen D. has happened
5. A . being away from B. leaving C. staying at D. being out of
6. A . on B. down C. up D. off
7. A . really B. real C. bad D. badly
8. A . can’t B. not C. never D. didn’t
9. A . seconds B. hours C. minutes D. moments
10. A . near B. near to C. next D. next to
11. A . When B. Then C. So D. If
12. A . worried B. surprised C. happy D. frightened
13. A . cold B. hot C. warm D. cool
14. A . off B. down C. to D. on
15. A . didn’t break B. didn’t broke C. wasn’t broken D. was broken
【参考答案】
29. 名师点评
这是一篇小幽默。一个男孩为了装病，用尽了各种办法想告诉妈妈自己的体温很高，结果差点儿烫伤了自己。
答案解析
1．C。根据下文得知，这个小孩就是想让自己生病。
2．B。这里应选择情态动词should, 表示在该穿毛衣的时候他不穿, 其实他就是想让自己冻出病来。
3．B。跟上两题同解。
4．D。so far常与动词的现在完成时连用，表示“到目前为止”。
5．A。leave school表示“辍学、毕业离校”的动作，be away from school则表示“不上学、逃学”的状态。
6．C。up表示“温度上升”。
7．A。妈妈会认为他真的病了，故选副词really。
8．C。其他选项在语法上均错。
9．C。根据文意。
10．D。next to表示“临近、非常接近”。
11．B。Then是副词，表时间上的“顺承”。 其他三选项均引导从句, 故不选。
12．A。妈妈得知孩子生病, 首先感到担心。
13．B。这里表示“烫”, 所以不能选warm。
14．D。fall on为“掉到……上”, fall off 是指“从某处摔下”, fall down是“落下”。
15．C。break为及物动词, 与主语构成动宾关系，所以用被动语态形式was broken。