2020届高考英语二轮专题复习十二 特殊句式(教师版+学生版)

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名称 2020届高考英语二轮专题复习十二 特殊句式(教师版+学生版)
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更新时间 2020-02-16 20:49:24

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特殊句型是英语学习中必须掌握的难点知识,熟练地掌握和使用对提高应试能力有很大的帮助。通过近几年试题的分析与研究,主要从以下几个方面进行考查:倒装句、强调句和省略句。在学习时,首先应弄清楚如何正确地使用,其次要在具体的语境中灵活使用。

近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象,如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句,把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起,考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。
考点1 强调句----强调句结构及其中的who和that
强调句的基本构成为:It is/was+被强调部分+who/that+其他成分。无论强调那个部分,其后面的连接词只能用who或者that。被强调的部分指人时,可用who或that;被强调的部分不指人时,切不可因为强调的是时间、地点、原因或者方式状语而用when, where, why或how,此时必须用that。如:
It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again.
正是在战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。
② It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed.
那位老太太是在银行的前面被抢劫的。
③ It is when he got back that he knew what had happened.
他回来后才知道所发生的情况。
④It was the goat’s eyes that he had seen in the darkness.他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。
特别提示:
强调句中的主谓一致性:当强调主语时,其后的谓语动词应与主语一致,即人称和数要一致。如:
① It is my mother who cooks every day.
每天煮饭的是我妈妈。
② It is he who is wrong.
是他错了。
【典例】
It is through years of research ________ scientists have discovered the relationship between social media addiction and depression.
A. since B. before C. that D. when
【答案】C
【解析】考查强调句型。句意:通过多年的研究,科学家们发现了社交媒体成瘾和抑郁症之间的关系。此处是强调句型,故答案为C。
考点2 强调句----强调状语部分
强调句所强调的状语部分可以是介词短语、副词或状语从句。如:
1.强调介词短语
It is not without an effort that we can expect to succeed. 不经努力,我们不能指望成功。
2.强调状语从句
①It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years.
他在去伦敦之前已经学了三年英语。(强调时间)
②It was where you have questions that you’d better make a mark.
最好在你有疑问的地方做个记号。(强调地点)
③It was because she was ill that she didn’t come to the party.
她没来参加聚会是因为她病了。(强调原因)
④It is as the Party tells us that we must do.
我们必须做的就是听从党的安排。(强调方式)
⑤It is as long as you promise to be back before 8:00 that you can go out.
只要你保证八点以前回来你就可以出去。(强调条件)
3.强调not until结构
It was not until his mother told him everything that Jack understood why she was angry with him.
直到母亲把一切都告诉他,Jack才明白母亲为什么生他的气。
特别提示:
not until 引导的复合句放于句首时,主句须用倒装语序。但如果放于被强调的位置,则that后的主谓不倒装。如:
It wasn’t until I got off the bus that I realized it.直到下车我才意识到这一点。(强调句)
② Not until I got off the bus did I realize it.直到下车我才意识到这一点。(倒装句)
【典例】
It is because of you ______ I was blamed by my teacher.
A. because B. since C. which D. that
【答案】D
【解析】考查强调句。句意:就是因为你,我才受到老师的责备。分析句子结构,去掉it is以及连词部分,剩下的句子成分完整。故本句为强调句结构“it is (was)+原因状语+that (who)+其他”,故选D。
【典例】
It was not until I suffered hair loss ________I realized the harm of staying up late.
A. when B. that
C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】考查not until的强调句型。句意:直到我脱发,我才意识到熬夜的危害。分析句子结构可知,此处为not until的强调句型,其基本结构为:it is + not until+被强调部分+that+其余部分,故B项正确。
考点3 强调句-----强调句的疑问句
1.一般疑问句。结构为:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分?
如:Was it during the Anti-Japanese War that he died? 他是在抗日战争期间去世的吗?
2.特殊疑问句。结构为:特殊疑问词(what/Who/when/Why/Where/How)+is/was it+ that/who+句子其他成分?
如:Why is it that smoking is not allowed here? 为什么这儿不允许吸烟? ‘
考点4 强调句-----强调句与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的辨析
1. 掌握强调句与“It is/was…that+从句.”式主语从句的使用区别。
主句从句中it is/was后通常用名词或形容词作表语,而强调句中it is/was后被强调的成分是主语、宾语或状语。如:
It is a wonder that the wounded soldier is still alive.
那个受伤的士兵还活着,真是个奇迹。(主语从句)
② It is a wonder that we visited yesterday.
我们昨天参观的是一个奇迹。(强调句)
2.掌握强调句与定语从句引导词的使用区别。
定语从句的引导词(即关系代词和关系副词)在从句的使用过程中较为丰富,如who,that,which,whose,when,where,why等,与充当先行词的名词或代词存在修饰与被修饰的关系;而强调句中的引导词只有who和that,强调人时,用who或that,强调其他时,只用that,且与被强调的部分不存在修饰与被修饰的关系。如:
① It was 2009 when she graduated from the senior high school.
那是2009年,她高中毕业的时候。(定语从句)
② It was in 2009 that she graduated from the senior high school.
她高中毕业是在2009年。(强调句)
3. 容易与强调句混淆的时间状语从句主要有:
(1) It is/was+时间+since从句。有两种含义:如果since从句中的谓语动词是非延续性的。则译为“自从……有多长时间了”;如果是延续性的,则译为“不做某事已有多长时间了”。如:
① It is three years since he joined the army.
自他参军以来已有三年了。
② It is many years since he smoked.
他没有吸烟已有好多年了。
(2) It is/will(not)be+时间段+before从句。表示“要过多久(不久)才……”,before从句后的谓语动词多用一般现在时。如:
It won’t be long before you reach your goal.你离成功不远了。
(3) It was+时间段+before从句。表示 “过了多久才……”。before从句后的谓语动词多用一般过去时。如:
It was four hours before he finished the work. 过了四小时他才完成工作。
【典例】
—It is _____ he often failed in exams _____ makes his parents worried about him.
—Actually, they needn’t worry so much.
A. what; that B. that; what C. that; that D. /; that
【答案】C
【解析】考查强调句型和主语从句。句意:——正是他经常考试不及格使他的父母担心他。——事实上,他们不必那么担心。强调句型it is/was that去掉后不影响句意,据此排除B;根据“makes”可知,“that he often fails in exams”是主语从句,“he often fails in exams”是主谓结构,不缺少成分,排除what;that引导主语从句时不能省略,排除D。故选C。
4. 谓语动词的强调
强调句“It is/was…that…”一般不强调谓语动词,如果要强调谓语,用助动词do,does或did。
如:The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1.
家里的确设法让他上技术学校。
考点5 倒装句------全部倒装
把谓语全部提到主语前面,叫全部倒装或完全倒装。主要有:
以here, there, out, in, up, down, away等副词开头,谓语动词多为be, come, go等,则需用全部倒装。
如:There flows a river at the foot of the mountain. 山脚下有一条河。
2. 以then, now, thus开头,谓语动词多为come, follow, begin, end, be, 主语又是名词/名词词组,则用全部倒装(若主语是代词,则不能倒装)。
如:Now comes your turn! 该你了
3.当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词be,come,sit,live,stand,lie,exist等时,常用全部倒装。
如:On the ground lay an old man, who was dying.地上躺着一位老人,奄奄一息。
4.such作表语,置于句首,表示“这样的人/事物;上述的人/事物”。be动词须与后面的主语保持一致。
如:Such is their decision.他们的决定就是这样。
【典例】
Down __________ and hurt his leg.
A. fell the boy B. fell he
C. did he fall D. did the boy fell
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句。句意:这个小男孩摔倒了,腿受伤了。副词down放在句首,又因为做主语的是名词,所以句子用完全倒装,选项C是部分倒装,选项D错误,fell应为原形;当主语是代词时不能用完全倒装,故选A。
考点6 强调句------部分倒装
只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面,叫部分倒装。主要有:
在疑问句中须部分倒装。但在疑问句中作主语的特殊疑问句里,不用倒装。如:
Does he speak Chinese? 他说中国话吗?
② Who is in this room? 谁在这个房间里?
用于以so, nor, neither开头的句子,表示重复前句的部分内容,须部分倒装,且此句的谓语动词应与前句的谓语在时态/形式上一致,但“so+主语+do”结构则表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定,它的主语与上文的主语相同,so相当于indeed,certainly。如:
Mary has learned by heart 200 words,and so have I.玛丽已经记住了200个单词,我也是这样。
② —The girls study hard.这些女孩学习刻苦。
—so they do.她们的确如此。
3. 在以never,seldom,not only,rarely,scarcely,in no way等否定或半否定词开头的句子用部分倒装。如:Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery.我想象不到会看到这样美妙的景色。
Only置于句首修饰状语(副词、介词短语)或状语从句等时用部分倒装。
如:Only after the anesthetist gave the patient an anaesthetic could the operation be conducted.
只有在麻醉师给病人实施麻醉以后,手术才能进行。
在so…that, such…that句型中,当so, such引导的结构置于句首时须用部分倒装。
如:So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
他说话声音那样大,隔壁屋里的人都能听见。
6.在hardly…when,no sooner…than,not until句型中,主句须部分倒装。
如:Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow.他一到,天就下起雪来了。
7.as引导的让步状语从句结构为:形容词/名词/动词+as+主语+谓语。如:
Tired as he was, he stayed up late. 他虽然疲倦,可仍然很晚才睡。
Explain as I might, I could not make myself understood. 尽管我已经解释了,但我还是不被理解。
③ Child as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个孩子,可他知道很多。(注意开头的名词前无冠词)
8.在省略了if的虚拟条件句中,were,had或should置于句首。
如:Were I in your position,I would not go.我要是在你的位置上,我是不会去的。
9.however,no matter how引导的让步状语从句,把however/no matter how + 形容词/副词 置于句首。
如:However hard he worked,he couldn’t solve the problem.不管多努力,他就是解决不了那个问题。
【典例】
Only when Lily walked into the office _________ that she had left the contract in taxi.
A.she realized B.has she realized
C.she has realized D.did she realize
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装。句意:当莉莉走进办公室的时候,她才意识到她把合同落出租车上了。本题考查句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语,则主句用倒装结构。但如果only后跟的是主语,就不用倒装结构了。根据句中的其他动词时态,可判定用过去时态。故选D。
【典例】
Only after talking to two students that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
A.I did discover B.did I discover
C.I discovered D.discovered
【答案】B
【解析】考查部分倒装句。句意:在和两名学生交谈以后,我才发现有强烈的动机是成功实现目标的最大的因素之一。当“only+状语/状语从句”放在句首的时候,要把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面,使用部分倒装形式。只有B项是部分倒装,故B项正确。
【典例】
Not until recently ____________ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged
C.did they encourage D.they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业相关的活动。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首时,主句要使用部分倒装。故C项正确。
考点7 省略句------省略句的几个考查要点
英语中,有时为了避免重复,往往省去一个词或一些成分,这种语法现象称为省略。主要考查点有:
1.简单句的省略
祈使句省略主语you;某些句子结构省略谓语;部分问句同时省略主谓语;疑问句的答语省略;感叹句的省略;年龄和钟点的省略等。如:
(You) Don’t touch this button. 请(你)不要碰这个按钮。
(Is there) Anybody you want to see? 你想见什么人吗?
Why (do) not (you do that)? (你)为什么不(做)呢?
—Are these people your friends? 这些人是你的朋友吗?
—Yes, they are (my friends). 是的,他们是(我的朋友)。
2.比较结构的省略。
在“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构中,可以省略be;由than和as引导的比较句式中的承前部分也可省略。如:
①The sooner(you do it),the better(it will be).(你做得)越快,(结果就会)越好。
②The longer the wire(is),the greater the resistance(is).导线越长,电阻就越大。
3.主从复合句中的省略
(1) 宾语从句中,连词that常省略,但当多个宾语从句并列时,只能省略第一个。如:
I know (that) she is a teacher and that she is an excellent writer. 我知道她是一个老师,也是一个优秀的作家。
(2) 在有些表示条件、时间、地点、方式或让步等的状语从句中,如果谓语含有be动词,主语又和主句中的主语一致,或者主语是it, 常把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是be动词)省略。如:
①If so (If it is so),you must go back and bring it here.如果是这样的话,你必须回去把它拿来。
②Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street.过街时当心车辆。
(3) 定语从句的省略。作宾语的关系代词的省略或省略到用分词作定语。如:
The car(which/that)his father gave him as a birthday present was stolen.
他父亲当作生日礼物送给他的那辆汽车被盗了。
(4)在含有were,had,should的虚拟条件句中if的省略。在这种情况下若if省略,常将were,had,should等提到句首,主谓部分倒装。如:
Were I a bird,I could fly.如果我是一只鸟,我就能飞。
4.not,so,neither,nor的替代性省略。动词believe,do,expect,fear,guess,hope,say,suppose,think等和I’m afraid后面可用替代词so或not来避免重复前面提到的内容。表示肯定意义时,以上动词都可与so搭配;但表示否定意义时,hope与guess只用I hope not和I guess not的形式,而think,believe,suppose等词可有两种形式,即:I think not和I don’t think so。如:
—Do they mind you smoking there? 你在那儿抽烟,他们介意吗?
—I don’t think so/I think not.我想不会。
【典例】
Tom told the news to everybody in the classroom. Why didn’t you tell him _______?
A.not to be done B.not do it
C.not to D.do not to
【答案】C
【解析】考查省略。汤姆把这个消息告诉了教室里的每个人。你为什么不告诉他别这么做呢?英语中喜欢省略,使句子显得好看简洁,这里的原句是“Why didn't you tell him not to tell everybody.”这里省略了“tell everybody”,故选C。
【典例】
The flowers he bought will die unless _____________ every day.
A.watered B.watering
C.being watered D.to water
【答案】A
【解析】考查省略形式。句意:他买的花除非每天浇水,否则就会死去。“unless”后面应该加的完整部分是“they are watered”,前后主语一致都是“flowers”,这时可以省掉主语和be动词,这样只剩下watered。所以选A。


单项选择
1. 【2019届天津市河东区高三第二次模拟考试】—Did Linda see the traffic accident?
—No, no sooner ________ than it happened.
A.had she gone B.she had gone
C.has she gone D.she has gone
【答案】A
【解题思路】考查部分倒装句。这是固定句式:No sooner…than…,“一…就…”,而且no sooner后面的句子都是过去完成时的倒装句,句意:——Linda看见交通事故了吗?——没有,她刚走,就发生交通事故了,所以选A。
2. 【2019届江苏省南京市中华中学四校高三第一次联考】— ______you need any help, feel free to contact me.
— Thank you for your kindness.
A.May B.Will C.Shall D.Should
【答案】D
【解题思路】考查if引导的虚拟语气。句意:——如果你需要帮助,请随时与我联系。——谢谢你的好意。其实此处是省略if的虚拟语气,将助动词should提前。故选D。
3. 【2019-2020学年江苏省镇江市高三上学期期中考试】Just my luck! _____ my umbrella this morning, I wouldn’t be trapped here now.
A.Should I take B.Had I taken C.Were I to take D.Would I take
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意:我太倒霉了!如果我今天早上带了雨伞,我现在就不会被困在这儿了。根据句意可知,该句是虚拟语气,根据“this morning”判断从句是对过去情况的虚拟,从句应用过去完成时had done表达,又从句中省略了if,故将助动词had提前,构成部分倒装句;完整结构是if I had taken ,省略之后是had I taken。故选B项。
4. 【2019届黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学高三上学期第二次月考】The dress _____easily if _______on a flat place.
A.is measured; spread B.measures; spread
C.measures; spreaded D.is measured; spreaded
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查状语从句的省略以及measure一词的用法。句意:如果把这块布平铺在桌子上就很容易测量。measure为不及物动词,且时态用一般现在时即可,而第二空考查状语从句的省略,主从句主语一致都是指这块布,所以可省略主语和be动词,布与铺开是被动关系,所以用过去分词spread。故选B项。
5. 【2019-2020学年内蒙古赤峰二中高二第二次月考】Her answer is not acceptable, and ______.
A.neither am I B.either is mine C.neither is mine D.so is mine
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查倒装句。句意:他的回答不可接受,我的也是这样。上文提到是否定,故用neither回答。“neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”表示“主语也不……”,此处指我的回答应用名词性物主代词mine,指代my answer。故选C。
6. 【2019-2020学年江苏省扬州市高三上学期期中调研考试】Only when the police showed her the evidence___ that she had stolen the money.
A.she admitted B.she had admitted
C.did she admit D.had she admitted
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查特殊句式中的部分倒装。句意:当警察把证据给她看的时候,她才承认偷了钱。only置于句首,句子构成部分倒装,即be动词、情态动词、助动词放在主语前。“showed”提示这之后她才承认,要用一般过去时,故选C。
7. 【2019届天津市耀华中学高三第二次模拟考试】John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _________ has made him what he is today.
A. what B. which
C. where D. that
【答案】D
【解题思路】考查强调句。句意是:约翰的成功和幸运无关,是多年的努力使他成就了今天的自己。本句为强调句结构,It’s+强调部分+that…, 这句话强调的是主语“years of hard work”,选D。
8. 【2019-2020学年江苏省扬州市高三上学期期中考试】When asked about that horrible experience, Sue told me that so ______ in the darkness at that time that she didn't dare to move an inch.
A.she was scared B.was she scared C.scared she was D.scared was she
【答案】D
【解题思路】考查倒装句。句意:当被问起那可怕的经历,Sue告诉我黑暗中她特别害怕,以至于不敢移动。so+adj. / adv.位于句首时,其后的句子用部分倒装。故选D。
9. 【2019届黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学高三上学期第二次月考】Some of you may have finished the text. _______, you can go on to the next.
A.If ever B.If so
C.If possible D.If not
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查省略短语的含义。句意为:你们中有些人可能已经完成这个课文了,如果完成的话,你们可以继续下一个。A. 如果曾经;B. 如果这样的话;C. 如果可能的话;D. 如果不是这样。所以B正确。
10. 【2019年天津市五区联考高三第二次模拟】It was in December, 2018 ________ Chairman Xi and President Trump met in Argentina.
A.when B.that
C.before D.since
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查强调句型。句意:习近平主席和特朗普总统是在2018年12月份在阿根廷会面的。分析句子结构可知,此处为强调句型,其基本结构为“it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分”,本句强调的是时间状语“in December, 2018”,故B项正确。

一、语法填空
【2019·陕西省汉中市高三高考全真模拟】Which is the most significant classical Chinese painting? According to Paul Denlinger, who 1. (come) to China many times when young, it should be Qingming Shanghe Tu or Along the River During the Qingming Festival. This 2. (create) dates back to the Northern Song dynasty.
This painting is important 3. several reasons. First, up until this time, almost all Chinese 4. (painting) were landscapes, which did not feature people at all or had only a few people. 5. (two) , this is the first scroll(卷轴) painting to describe both Chinese urban and suburban life during the period in the capital, Bianjing (now Kaifeng, in Henan province). Third, the painting is highly detailed, 6. (feature) shops of all kinds and different economic activities in and out of the city. People are able to see the Chinese technologies of the time, which helps them 7. great deal in understanding 8. the Chinese lived.
The Beijing Palace Museum keeps the 9. (origin) Song painting and one of its famous copies — the Qing version 10. (hold) in the “National Palace Museum” in Taipei.
【答案】
1.came
2.creation
3.for
4.paintings
5.Second
6.featuring
7.a
8.how
9.original
10.is held
【解题思路】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了清明上河图为什么是最重要的中国古典绘画的原因。
1.考查一般过去时。由“when young”可知,定语从句为一般过去时,所以谓语动词为came。故填came。
2.考查名词。分析句子可知,本句的主语为“This 2. (create)”,所以this后接名词creation做句子的主语。故填creation。
3.考查介词。for“因为”为介词符合句意,后接名词“reasons”作宾语。故填for。
4.考查名词复数。painting为可数名词,且由“all”修饰,所以填名词复数paintings。故填paintings 。
5.考查副词。分析句子可知,本句在说明清明上河图为什么重要的第二点原因,且由“First”, “Third”也可知,空处填Second。故填Second。
6.考查现在分词。分析句子可知,主语“the painting”与“feature”在逻辑上是主动关系,所以用现在分词。故填featuring。
7.考查固定短语。a great deal“许多,大量”为固定短语。当副词表程度,修饰形容词、副词或动词。故填a。
8.考查连接副词。分析句子可知,“understanding”后接宾语从句,宾语从句缺少表示方式的连接副词how。故填 how。
9.考查形容词。original为形容词修饰名词“Song painting”。故填original。
10.考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子可知,“and”并列连接两个句子,由“the Beijing Palace Museum keeps”可知,“and”之后的句子为一般现在时。主语 “one of its famous copies—the Qing version”与谓语“hold”为被动,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填 is held。
二、短文改错
【2019·四川省内江市高三第三次模拟】I am blessed have my parents with me. My dad is a reasonable man who
teach me high moral values and always guides me to take a right path. My mother is so kind the woman. She shows
me the meaning of selfless love and was always standing by my side. She always smiles, which encourages me to face
all kinds of problem in my life confident. The older I get, and the more I realize what fortunate I am to have them. It is
my parents that devote themselves to help me get a good education. I believe I will achieve my dreams with our help.
【答案】
1. 在have前加to;
2. teach—teaches;
3. the—a;
4. was—is;
5. problem—problems;
6. confident—confidently;
7. 把中间的and去掉;
8. what—how;
9. help—helping;
10. our—their
【解题思路】这是一篇记叙文。作者很庆幸有自己的父母在身边,并介绍了自己的父母。作者相信在父母的帮助下会实现自己的梦想。
1.考查固定搭配。句意:我很幸运有父母在身边。固定搭配:be blessed to do sth.“很幸运做某事”。故在have前加to。
2.考查主谓一致。句意:我的父亲是一个通情达理的人,他教导我高尚的道德价值观,总是引导我走上正确的道路。此处“man”是先行词,指人,在后面的定语从句中作主语,且句子是一般现在时态,故把teach改成teaches。
3.考查不定冠词。句意:我妈妈是一个很善良的女人。此处表示“一个”,故把the改成a。
4.考查一般现在时态。句意:她向我展示了无私的爱的意义,她总是支持我。此处指目前的事情,句子用一般现在时态,故把was改成is。
5.考查名词复数。句意:她总是微笑,这鼓励我自信地面对生活中的各种问题。此处all kinds of“各种各样的”,后面跟名词复数,故把problem改成problems。
6.考查副词。句意:她总是微笑,这鼓励我自信地面对生活中的各种问题。此处是副词修饰动词,故把confident改成confidently。
7.考查比较级的固定句式。句意:随着年龄的增长,我越来越意识到我有他们是多么的幸运。固定句式:the +比较级,the+比较级“越… …就越… …”。故把中间的and去掉。
8.考查宾语从句引导词。句意:随着年龄的增长,我越来越意识到我有他们是多么的幸运。此处“fortunate”是形容词,由how来修饰,故把what改成how。
9.考查固定搭配。句意:是我的父母致力于帮助我获得良好的教育。固定搭配:devote…to“致力于”。该词组中to是介词,后面用动名词作宾语,故把help改成helping。
10.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:我相信在他们的帮助下我会实现我的梦想。故把our改成their。

一、语法填空
【2019·陕西省咸阳市三原县南郊中学高三一模】My friend had a chance to make a trip to Hong Kong 1. August 15, 2015. He had dreamed about 2. (visit) it since his boyhood and it was the first time that he 3. (be) there. The following was 4. he had seen.
5. (arrive) there, he was 6. (shock) by its beautiful scenery and tall buildings. 7. we all know, Hong Kong has the most skyscrapers in the world. Wherever he went, he saw many smiling faces. People in Hong Kong were kind, generous, easygoing and ready to help others. Much to his surprise, he saw that people there always kept order in public places. 8. a great number of people were waiting for the next train at the subway station, they were talking in such a low voice as not to disturb others.
Chinese and English are the official languages of Hong Kong. English is 9. (wide) used in governments, markets, service centers and other fields.
Staying there for a week was a good experience for him, 10. he would never forget.
【答案】
1.on
2.visiting
3.had been
4.what
5.Arriving
6.shocked
7.As
8.Though /Although
9.widely
10.which
【解题思路】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者朋友的香港之旅的所见所闻。
1.考查介词。句意:2015年8月15日,我的朋友有机会去香港旅行。具体日期前用介词on。故填on。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:他从小就梦想着去参观它,这是他第一次去那里。about是介词,后跟doing做宾语,故填visiting。
3.考查动词时态。句意:他从小就梦想着去参观它,这是他第一次去那里。固定句型“It was the first time that +主语+过去完成时态+其他”。意思是“第几次做某事了”。故填had been。
4.考查连接词。句意:下面是他所看到的。本句为表语从句,表语从句中缺少宾语,指事物,故填what。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:到了那里,他被那里美丽的景色和高楼大厦所震撼。是现在分词做时间状语,又是主动关系,位于句子开头,故填Arriving。
6.考查形容词。根据上文“he was”可知应填形容词作表语,修饰人故用-ed结尾形容词。故填shocked。
7.考查固定短语。句意:众所周知,香港拥有世界上最多的摩天大楼。固定短语as we all know“众所周知”。故填As。
8.考查连接词。句意:尽管许多人在等下一趟地铁,但是他们为了不干扰别人而低声交谈。本句为让步状语从句,表示“虽然;尽管”,故填Though /Although。
9.考查副词。句意:英语被广泛地使用。根据句意可知表示“广泛地”故应填widely。
10.考查定语从句连接词。句意:在那里呆一个星期对他来说是一次很好的经历,他永远不会忘记。前面整个句子是先行词,所以后面是which引导的非限制性定语从句,故填which。
二、短文改错
【2019·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高三第一次验收考试】Everyone tends have many problems while gaining
knowledge. Therefore, your willingness to deal with these problems will eventually enable you to work it out. What
I’d like to share are my approaches to solve the problems.
First, you must focus on which you are faced with. There seemed to be a lot of attractive things, like computers or
games. To stay focused, you can list things and tell yourself you should touch them after finishing your work. Second,
believe to yourself. Though there is no doubt that each of us might make mistakes or come across some tough problems
in learning, but it can never be a reason for the lose of confidence.
Last but not least, keep modestly. Never feel embarrassed to turn to your teachers or classmates. Everyone in your
surroundings can be your teacher.
【答案】
1. tends 后加to
2. Therefore →However
3. it →them
4. solve →solving
5. which →what
6. seemed →seem
7. to →in
8. 删除but或but →yet
9. lose →loss
10. modestly →modest
【解题思路】这是一篇说明文。每个人在获取知识的过程中都会遇到很多问题,作者与读者分享了作者解决问题的方法。
第一处:考查动词不定式。tend to do sth.“倾向于做某事”为固定短语。故将tends后加to。
第二处:考查副词。分析句子可知,前后语意表示转折关系,且有标点符号。所以副词为however。故将Therefore 改成However。
第三处:考查代词。分析句子可知,“work out”后接的宾语是“these problems”,所以用代词them替代。故将it 改成them。
第四处:考查动名词。approaches to “.......的解决方法”,其中to为介词后接动名词作宾语。故将solve改成solving。
第五处:考查连接代词。分析句子可知,focus on后接宾语从句作宾语,其中“what”作“with”的宾语。故将which 改成what。
第六处:考查一般现在时和完全倒装。分析句子可知,作者与读者分享了作者解决问题的方法,用的都是一般现在时,所以本句为一般现在时,句子为完全倒装句,主语为“attractive things”,所以谓语为“seem”。故将seemed 改成seem。
第七处:考查固定短语。believe in“相信.......”为固定短语。故将to 改成in。
第八处:考查连词。thought不能与but同时出现在让步从句中,但是可以和yet连用。故删除but或but 改成yet。
第九处:考查名词。the+名词+of表示“.......的”。故将lose改成loss。
第十处:考查形容词。keep为系动词,后接形容词作表语。故将modestly 改成modest。


特殊句型是英语学习中必须掌握的难点知识,熟练地掌握和使用对提高应试能力有很大的帮助。通过近几年试题的分析与研究,主要从以下几个方面进行考查:倒装句、强调句和省略句。在学习时,首先应弄清楚如何正确地使用,其次要在具体的语境中灵活使用。

近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象,如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句,把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起,考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。
考点1 强调句----强调句结构及其中的who和that
强调句的基本构成为:It is/was+被强调部分+who/that+其他成分。无论强调那个部分,其后面的连接词只能用who或者that。被强调的部分指人时,可用who或that;被强调的部分不指人时,切不可因为强调的是时间、地点、原因或者方式状语而用when, where, why或how,此时必须用that。如:
It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again.
正是在战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。
② It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed.
那位老太太是在银行的前面被抢劫的。
③ It is when he got back that he knew what had happened.
他回来后才知道所发生的情况。
④It was the goat’s eyes that he had seen in the darkness.他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。
特别提示:
强调句中的主谓一致性:当强调主语时,其后的谓语动词应与主语一致,即人称和数要一致。如:
① It is my mother who cooks every day.
每天煮饭的是我妈妈。
② It is he who is wrong.
是他错了。
【典例】
It is through years of research ________ scientists have discovered the relationship between social media addiction and depression.
A. since B. before C. that D. when
【答案】C
【解析】考查强调句型。句意:通过多年的研究,科学家们发现了社交媒体成瘾和抑郁症之间的关系。此处是强调句型,故答案为C。
考点2 强调句----强调状语部分
强调句所强调的状语部分可以是介词短语、副词或状语从句。如:
1.强调介词短语
It is not without an effort that we can expect to succeed. 不经努力,我们不能指望成功。
2.强调状语从句
①It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years.
他在去伦敦之前已经学了三年英语。(强调时间)
②It was where you have questions that you’d better make a mark.
最好在你有疑问的地方做个记号。(强调地点)
③It was because she was ill that she didn’t come to the party.
她没来参加聚会是因为她病了。(强调原因)
④It is as the Party tells us that we must do.
我们必须做的就是听从党的安排。(强调方式)
⑤It is as long as you promise to be back before 8:00 that you can go out.
只要你保证八点以前回来你就可以出去。(强调条件)
3.强调not until结构
It was not until his mother told him everything that Jack understood why she was angry with him.
直到母亲把一切都告诉他,Jack才明白母亲为什么生他的气。
特别提示:
not until 引导的复合句放于句首时,主句须用倒装语序。但如果放于被强调的位置,则that后的主谓不倒装。如:
It wasn’t until I got off the bus that I realized it.直到下车我才意识到这一点。(强调句)
② Not until I got off the bus did I realize it.直到下车我才意识到这一点。(倒装句)
【典例】
It is because of you ______ I was blamed by my teacher.
A. because B. since C. which D. that
【答案】D
【解析】考查强调句。句意:就是因为你,我才受到老师的责备。分析句子结构,去掉it is以及连词部分,剩下的句子成分完整。故本句为强调句结构“it is (was)+原因状语+that (who)+其他”,故选D。
【典例】
It was not until I suffered hair loss ________I realized the harm of staying up late.
A. when B. that
C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】考查not until的强调句型。句意:直到我脱发,我才意识到熬夜的危害。分析句子结构可知,此处为not until的强调句型,其基本结构为:it is + not until+被强调部分+that+其余部分,故B项正确。
考点3 强调句-----强调句的疑问句
1.一般疑问句。结构为:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分?
如:Was it during the Anti-Japanese War that he died? 他是在抗日战争期间去世的吗?
2.特殊疑问句。结构为:特殊疑问词(what/Who/when/Why/Where/How)+is/was it+ that/who+句子其他成分?
如:Why is it that smoking is not allowed here? 为什么这儿不允许吸烟? ‘
考点4 强调句-----强调句与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的辨析
1. 掌握强调句与“It is/was…that+从句.”式主语从句的使用区别。
主句从句中it is/was后通常用名词或形容词作表语,而强调句中it is/was后被强调的成分是主语、宾语或状语。如:
It is a wonder that the wounded soldier is still alive.
那个受伤的士兵还活着,真是个奇迹。(主语从句)
② It is a wonder that we visited yesterday.
我们昨天参观的是一个奇迹。(强调句)
2.掌握强调句与定语从句引导词的使用区别。
定语从句的引导词(即关系代词和关系副词)在从句的使用过程中较为丰富,如who,that,which,whose,when,where,why等,与充当先行词的名词或代词存在修饰与被修饰的关系;而强调句中的引导词只有who和that,强调人时,用who或that,强调其他时,只用that,且与被强调的部分不存在修饰与被修饰的关系。如:
① It was 2009 when she graduated from the senior high school.
那是2009年,她高中毕业的时候。(定语从句)
② It was in 2009 that she graduated from the senior high school.
她高中毕业是在2009年。(强调句)
3. 容易与强调句混淆的时间状语从句主要有:
(1) It is/was+时间+since从句。有两种含义:如果since从句中的谓语动词是非延续性的。则译为“自从……有多长时间了”;如果是延续性的,则译为“不做某事已有多长时间了”。如:
① It is three years since he joined the army.
自他参军以来已有三年了。
② It is many years since he smoked.
他没有吸烟已有好多年了。
(2) It is/will(not)be+时间段+before从句。表示“要过多久(不久)才……”,before从句后的谓语动词多用一般现在时。如:
It won’t be long before you reach your goal.你离成功不远了。
(3) It was+时间段+before从句。表示 “过了多久才……”。before从句后的谓语动词多用一般过去时。如:
It was four hours before he finished the work. 过了四小时他才完成工作。
【典例】
—It is _____ he often failed in exams _____ makes his parents worried about him.
—Actually, they needn’t worry so much.
A. what; that B. that; what C. that; that D. /; that
【答案】C
【解析】考查强调句型和主语从句。句意:——正是他经常考试不及格使他的父母担心他。——事实上,他们不必那么担心。强调句型it is/was that去掉后不影响句意,据此排除B;根据“makes”可知,“that he often fails in exams”是主语从句,“he often fails in exams”是主谓结构,不缺少成分,排除what;that引导主语从句时不能省略,排除D。故选C。
4. 谓语动词的强调
强调句“It is/was…that…”一般不强调谓语动词,如果要强调谓语,用助动词do,does或did。
如:The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1.
家里的确设法让他上技术学校。
考点5 倒装句------全部倒装
把谓语全部提到主语前面,叫全部倒装或完全倒装。主要有:
以here, there, out, in, up, down, away等副词开头,谓语动词多为be, come, go等,则需用全部倒装。
如:There flows a river at the foot of the mountain. 山脚下有一条河。
2. 以then, now, thus开头,谓语动词多为come, follow, begin, end, be, 主语又是名词/名词词组,则用全部倒装(若主语是代词,则不能倒装)。
如:Now comes your turn! 该你了
3.当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词be,come,sit,live,stand,lie,exist等时,常用全部倒装。
如:On the ground lay an old man, who was dying.地上躺着一位老人,奄奄一息。
4.such作表语,置于句首,表示“这样的人/事物;上述的人/事物”。be动词须与后面的主语保持一致。
如:Such is their decision.他们的决定就是这样。
【典例】
Down __________ and hurt his leg.
A. fell the boy B. fell he
C. did he fall D. did the boy fell
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句。句意:这个小男孩摔倒了,腿受伤了。副词down放在句首,又因为做主语的是名词,所以句子用完全倒装,选项C是部分倒装,选项D错误,fell应为原形;当主语是代词时不能用完全倒装,故选A。
考点6 强调句------部分倒装
只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面,叫部分倒装。主要有:
在疑问句中须部分倒装。但在疑问句中作主语的特殊疑问句里,不用倒装。如:
Does he speak Chinese? 他说中国话吗?
② Who is in this room? 谁在这个房间里?
用于以so, nor, neither开头的句子,表示重复前句的部分内容,须部分倒装,且此句的谓语动词应与前句的谓语在时态/形式上一致,但“so+主语+do”结构则表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定,它的主语与上文的主语相同,so相当于indeed,certainly。如:
Mary has learned by heart 200 words,and so have I.玛丽已经记住了200个单词,我也是这样。
② —The girls study hard.这些女孩学习刻苦。
—so they do.她们的确如此。
3. 在以never,seldom,not only,rarely,scarcely,in no way等否定或半否定词开头的句子用部分倒装。如:Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery.我想象不到会看到这样美妙的景色。
Only置于句首修饰状语(副词、介词短语)或状语从句等时用部分倒装。
如:Only after the anesthetist gave the patient an anaesthetic could the operation be conducted.
只有在麻醉师给病人实施麻醉以后,手术才能进行。
在so…that, such…that句型中,当so, such引导的结构置于句首时须用部分倒装。
如:So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
他说话声音那样大,隔壁屋里的人都能听见。
6.在hardly…when,no sooner…than,not until句型中,主句须部分倒装。
如:Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow.他一到,天就下起雪来了。
7.as引导的让步状语从句结构为:形容词/名词/动词+as+主语+谓语。如:
Tired as he was, he stayed up late. 他虽然疲倦,可仍然很晚才睡。
Explain as I might, I could not make myself understood. 尽管我已经解释了,但我还是不被理解。
③ Child as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个孩子,可他知道很多。(注意开头的名词前无冠词)
8.在省略了if的虚拟条件句中,were,had或should置于句首。
如:Were I in your position,I would not go.我要是在你的位置上,我是不会去的。
9.however,no matter how引导的让步状语从句,把however/no matter how + 形容词/副词 置于句首。
如:However hard he worked,he couldn’t solve the problem.不管多努力,他就是解决不了那个问题。
【典例】
Only when Lily walked into the office _________ that she had left the contract in taxi.
A.she realized B.has she realized
C.she has realized D.did she realize
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装。句意:当莉莉走进办公室的时候,她才意识到她把合同落出租车上了。本题考查句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语,则主句用倒装结构。但如果only后跟的是主语,就不用倒装结构了。根据句中的其他动词时态,可判定用过去时态。故选D。
【典例】
Only after talking to two students that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
A.I did discover B.did I discover
C.I discovered D.discovered
【答案】B
【解析】考查部分倒装句。句意:在和两名学生交谈以后,我才发现有强烈的动机是成功实现目标的最大的因素之一。当“only+状语/状语从句”放在句首的时候,要把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面,使用部分倒装形式。只有B项是部分倒装,故B项正确。
【典例】
Not until recently ____________ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged
C.did they encourage D.they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业相关的活动。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首时,主句要使用部分倒装。故C项正确。
考点7 省略句------省略句的几个考查要点
英语中,有时为了避免重复,往往省去一个词或一些成分,这种语法现象称为省略。主要考查点有:
1.简单句的省略
祈使句省略主语you;某些句子结构省略谓语;部分问句同时省略主谓语;疑问句的答语省略;感叹句的省略;年龄和钟点的省略等。如:
(You) Don’t touch this button. 请(你)不要碰这个按钮。
(Is there) Anybody you want to see? 你想见什么人吗?
Why (do) not (you do that)? (你)为什么不(做)呢?
—Are these people your friends? 这些人是你的朋友吗?
—Yes, they are (my friends). 是的,他们是(我的朋友)。
2.比较结构的省略。
在“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构中,可以省略be;由than和as引导的比较句式中的承前部分也可省略。如:
①The sooner(you do it),the better(it will be).(你做得)越快,(结果就会)越好。
②The longer the wire(is),the greater the resistance(is).导线越长,电阻就越大。
3.主从复合句中的省略
(1) 宾语从句中,连词that常省略,但当多个宾语从句并列时,只能省略第一个。如:
I know (that) she is a teacher and that she is an excellent writer. 我知道她是一个老师,也是一个优秀的作家。
(2) 在有些表示条件、时间、地点、方式或让步等的状语从句中,如果谓语含有be动词,主语又和主句中的主语一致,或者主语是it, 常把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是be动词)省略。如:
①If so (If it is so),you must go back and bring it here.如果是这样的话,你必须回去把它拿来。
②Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street.过街时当心车辆。
(3) 定语从句的省略。作宾语的关系代词的省略或省略到用分词作定语。如:
The car(which/that)his father gave him as a birthday present was stolen.
他父亲当作生日礼物送给他的那辆汽车被盗了。
(4)在含有were,had,should的虚拟条件句中if的省略。在这种情况下若if省略,常将were,had,should等提到句首,主谓部分倒装。如:
Were I a bird,I could fly.如果我是一只鸟,我就能飞。
4.not,so,neither,nor的替代性省略。动词believe,do,expect,fear,guess,hope,say,suppose,think等和I’m afraid后面可用替代词so或not来避免重复前面提到的内容。表示肯定意义时,以上动词都可与so搭配;但表示否定意义时,hope与guess只用I hope not和I guess not的形式,而think,believe,suppose等词可有两种形式,即:I think not和I don’t think so。如:
—Do they mind you smoking there? 你在那儿抽烟,他们介意吗?
—I don’t think so/I think not.我想不会。
【典例】
Tom told the news to everybody in the classroom. Why didn’t you tell him _______?
A.not to be done B.not do it
C.not to D.do not to
【答案】C
【解析】考查省略。汤姆把这个消息告诉了教室里的每个人。你为什么不告诉他别这么做呢?英语中喜欢省略,使句子显得好看简洁,这里的原句是“Why didn't you tell him not to tell everybody.”这里省略了“tell everybody”,故选C。
【典例】
The flowers he bought will die unless _____________ every day.
A.watered B.watering
C.being watered D.to water
【答案】A
【解析】考查省略形式。句意:他买的花除非每天浇水,否则就会死去。“unless”后面应该加的完整部分是“they are watered”,前后主语一致都是“flowers”,这时可以省掉主语和be动词,这样只剩下watered。所以选A。


单项选择
1. 【2019届天津市河东区高三第二次模拟考试】—Did Linda see the traffic accident?
—No, no sooner ________ than it happened.
A.had she gone B.she had gone
C.has she gone D.she has gone
2. 【2019届江苏省南京市中华中学四校高三第一次联考】— ______you need any help, feel free to contact me.
— Thank you for your kindness.
A.May B.Will C.Shall D.Should
3. 【2019-2020学年江苏省镇江市高三上学期期中考试】Just my luck! _____ my umbrella this morning, I wouldn’t be trapped here now.
A.Should I take B.Had I taken C.Were I to take D.Would I take
4. 【2019届黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学高三上学期第二次月考】The dress _____easily if _______on a flat place.
A.is measured; spread B.measures; spread
C.measures; spreaded D.is measured; spreaded
5. 【2019-2020学年内蒙古赤峰二中高二第二次月考】Her answer is not acceptable, and ______.
A.neither am I B.either is mine C.neither is mine D.so is mine
6. 【2019-2020学年江苏省扬州市高三上学期期中调研考试】Only when the police showed her the evidence___ that she had stolen the money.
A.she admitted B.she had admitted
C.did she admit D.had she admitted
7. 【2019届天津市耀华中学高三第二次模拟考试】John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _________ has made him what he is today.
A. what B. which
C. where D. that
8. 【2019-2020学年江苏省扬州市高三上学期期中考试】When asked about that horrible experience, Sue told me that so ______ in the darkness at that time that she didn't dare to move an inch.
A.she was scared B.was she scared C.scared she was D.scared was she
9. 【2019届黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学高三上学期第二次月考】Some of you may have finished the text. _______, you can go on to the next.
A.If ever B.If so
C.If possible D.If not
10. 【2019年天津市五区联考高三第二次模拟】It was in December, 2018 ________ Chairman Xi and President Trump met in Argentina.
A.when B.that
C.before D.since

一、语法填空
【2019·陕西省汉中市高三高考全真模拟】Which is the most significant classical Chinese painting? According to Paul Denlinger, who 1. (come) to China many times when young, it should be Qingming Shanghe Tu or Along the River During the Qingming Festival. This 2. (create) dates back to the Northern Song dynasty.
This painting is important 3. several reasons. First, up until this time, almost all Chinese 4. (painting) were landscapes, which did not feature people at all or had only a few people. 5. (two) , this is the first scroll(卷轴) painting to describe both Chinese urban and suburban life during the period in the capital, Bianjing (now Kaifeng, in Henan province). Third, the painting is highly detailed, 6. (feature) shops of all kinds and different economic activities in and out of the city. People are able to see the Chinese technologies of the time, which helps them 7. great deal in understanding 8. the Chinese lived.
The Beijing Palace Museum keeps the 9. (origin) Song painting and one of its famous copies — the Qing version 10. (hold) in the “National Palace Museum” in Taipei.
二、短文改错
【2019·四川省内江市高三第三次模拟】I am blessed have my parents with me. My dad is a reasonable man who
teach me high moral values and always guides me to take a right path. My mother is so kind the woman. She shows
me the meaning of selfless love and was always standing by my side. She always smiles, which encourages me to face
all kinds of problem in my life confident. The older I get, and the more I realize what fortunate I am to have them. It is
my parents that devote themselves to help me get a good education. I believe I will achieve my dreams with our help.

一、语法填空
【2019·陕西省咸阳市三原县南郊中学高三一模】My friend had a chance to make a trip to Hong Kong 1. August 15, 2015. He had dreamed about 2. (visit) it since his boyhood and it was the first time that he 3. (be) there. The following was 4. he had seen.
5. (arrive) there, he was 6. (shock) by its beautiful scenery and tall buildings. 7. we all know, Hong Kong has the most skyscrapers in the world. Wherever he went, he saw many smiling faces. People in Hong Kong were kind, generous, easygoing and ready to help others. Much to his surprise, he saw that people there always kept order in public places. 8. a great number of people were waiting for the next train at the subway station, they were talking in such a low voice as not to disturb others.
Chinese and English are the official languages of Hong Kong. English is 9. (wide) used in governments, markets, service centers and other fields.
Staying there for a week was a good experience for him, 10. he would never forget.
二、短文改错
【2019·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高三第一次验收考试】Everyone tends have many problems while gaining
knowledge. Therefore, your willingness to deal with these problems will eventually enable you to work it out. What
I’d like to share are my approaches to solve the problems.
First, you must focus on which you are faced with. There seemed to be a lot of attractive things, like computers or
games. To stay focused, you can list things and tell yourself you should touch them after finishing your work. Second,
believe to yourself. Though there is no doubt that each of us might make mistakes or come across some tough
problems in learning, but it can never be a reason for the lose of confidence.
Last but not least, keep modestly. Never feel embarrassed to turn to your teachers or classmates. Everyone in your
surroundings can be your teacher.
答案和解析

单项选择
1.【答案】A
【解题思路】考查部分倒装句。这是固定句式:No sooner…than…,“一…就…”,而且no sooner后面的句子都是过去完成时的倒装句,句意:——Linda看见交通事故了吗?——没有,她刚走,就发生交通事故了,所以选A。
2.【答案】D
【解题思路】考查if引导的虚拟语气。句意:——如果你需要帮助,请随时与我联系。——谢谢你的好意。其实此处是省略if的虚拟语气,将助动词should提前。故选D。
3.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意:我太倒霉了!如果我今天早上带了雨伞,我现在就不会被困在这儿了。根据句意可知,该句是虚拟语气,根据“this morning”判断从句是对过去情况的虚拟,从句应用过去完成时had done表达,又从句中省略了if,故将助动词had提前,构成部分倒装句;完整结构是if I had taken ,省略之后是had I taken。故选B项。
4.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查状语从句的省略以及measure一词的用法。句意:如果把这块布平铺在桌子上就很容易测量。measure为不及物动词,且时态用一般现在时即可,而第二空考查状语从句的省略,主从句主语一致都是指这块布,所以可省略主语和be动词,布与铺开是被动关系,所以用过去分词spread。故选B项。
5.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查倒装句。句意:他的回答不可接受,我的也是这样。上文提到是否定,故用neither回答。“neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”表示“主语也不……”,此处指我的回答应用名词性物主代词mine,指代my answer。故选C。
6.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查特殊句式中的部分倒装。句意:当警察把证据给她看的时候,她才承认偷了钱。only置于句首,句子构成部分倒装,即be动词、情态动词、助动词放在主语前。“showed”提示这之后她才承认,要用一般过去时,故选C。
7.【答案】D
【解题思路】考查强调句。句意是:约翰的成功和幸运无关,是多年的努力使他成就了今天的自己。本句为强调句结构,It’s+强调部分+that…, 这句话强调的是主语“years of hard work”,选D。
8.【答案】D
【解题思路】考查倒装句。句意:当被问起那可怕的经历,Sue告诉我黑暗中她特别害怕,以至于不敢移动。so+adj. / adv.位于句首时,其后的句子用部分倒装。故选D。
9.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查省略短语的含义。句意为:你们中有些人可能已经完成这个课文了,如果完成的话,你们可以继续下一个。A. 如果曾经;B. 如果这样的话;C. 如果可能的话;D. 如果不是这样。所以B正确。
10.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查强调句型。句意:习近平主席和特朗普总统是在2018年12月份在阿根廷会面的。分析句子结构可知,此处为强调句型,其基本结构为“it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分”,本句强调的是时间状语“in December, 2018”,故B项正确。

一、语法填空
【答案】
1.came
2.creation
3.for
4.paintings
5.Second
6.featuring
7.a
8.how
9.original
10.is held
【解题思路】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了清明上河图为什么是最重要的中国古典绘画的原因。
1.考查一般过去时。由“when young”可知,定语从句为一般过去时,所以谓语动词为came。故填came。
2.考查名词。分析句子可知,本句的主语为“This 2. (create)”,所以this后接名词creation做句子的主语。故填creation。
3.考查介词。for“因为”为介词符合句意,后接名词“reasons”作宾语。故填for。
4.考查名词复数。painting为可数名词,且由“all”修饰,所以填名词复数paintings。故填paintings 。
5.考查副词。分析句子可知,本句在说明清明上河图为什么重要的第二点原因,且由“First”, “Third”也可知,空处填Second。故填Second。
6.考查现在分词。分析句子可知,主语“the painting”与“feature”在逻辑上是主动关系,所以用现在分词。故填featuring。
7.考查固定短语。a great deal“许多,大量”为固定短语。当副词表程度,修饰形容词、副词或动词。故填a。
8.考查连接副词。分析句子可知,“understanding”后接宾语从句,宾语从句缺少表示方式的连接副词how。故填 how。
9.考查形容词。original为形容词修饰名词“Song painting”。故填original。
10.考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子可知,“and”并列连接两个句子,由“the Beijing Palace Museum keeps”可知,“and”之后的句子为一般现在时。主语 “one of its famous copies—the Qing version”与谓语“hold”为被动,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填 is held。
二、短文改错
【答案】
1. 在have前加to;
2. teach—teaches;
3. the—a;
4. was—is;
5. problem—problems;
6. confident—confidently;
7. 把中间的and去掉;
8. what—how;
9. help—helping;
10. our—their
【解题思路】这是一篇记叙文。作者很庆幸有自己的父母在身边,并介绍了自己的父母。作者相信在父母的帮助下会实现自己的梦想。
1.考查固定搭配。句意:我很幸运有父母在身边。固定搭配:be blessed to do sth.“很幸运做某事”。故在have前加to。
2.考查主谓一致。句意:我的父亲是一个通情达理的人,他教导我高尚的道德价值观,总是引导我走上正确的道路。此处“man”是先行词,指人,在后面的定语从句中作主语,且句子是一般现在时态,故把teach改成teaches。
3.考查不定冠词。句意:我妈妈是一个很善良的女人。此处表示“一个”,故把the改成a。
4.考查一般现在时态。句意:她向我展示了无私的爱的意义,她总是支持我。此处指目前的事情,句子用一般现在时态,故把was改成is。
5.考查名词复数。句意:她总是微笑,这鼓励我自信地面对生活中的各种问题。此处all kinds of“各种各样的”,后面跟名词复数,故把problem改成problems。
6.考查副词。句意:她总是微笑,这鼓励我自信地面对生活中的各种问题。此处是副词修饰动词,故把confident改成confidently。
7.考查比较级的固定句式。句意:随着年龄的增长,我越来越意识到我有他们是多么的幸运。固定句式:the +比较级,the+比较级“越… …就越… …”。故把中间的and去掉。
8.考查宾语从句引导词。句意:随着年龄的增长,我越来越意识到我有他们是多么的幸运。此处“fortunate”是形容词,由how来修饰,故把what改成how。
9.考查固定搭配。句意:是我的父母致力于帮助我获得良好的教育。固定搭配:devote…to“致力于”。该词组中to是介词,后面用动名词作宾语,故把help改成helping。
10.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:我相信在他们的帮助下我会实现我的梦想。故把our改成their。

一、语法填空
【答案】
1.on
2.visiting
3.had been
4.what
5.Arriving
6.shocked
7.As
8.Though /Although
9.widely
10.which
【解题思路】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者朋友的香港之旅的所见所闻。
1.考查介词。句意:2015年8月15日,我的朋友有机会去香港旅行。具体日期前用介词on。故填on。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:他从小就梦想着去参观它,这是他第一次去那里。about是介词,后跟doing做宾语,故填visiting。
3.考查动词时态。句意:他从小就梦想着去参观它,这是他第一次去那里。固定句型“It was the first time that +主语+过去完成时态+其他”。意思是“第几次做某事了”。故填had been。
4.考查连接词。句意:下面是他所看到的。本句为表语从句,表语从句中缺少宾语,指事物,故填what。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:到了那里,他被那里美丽的景色和高楼大厦所震撼。是现在分词做时间状语,又是主动关系,位于句子开头,故填Arriving。
6.考查形容词。根据上文“he was”可知应填形容词作表语,修饰人故用-ed结尾形容词。故填shocked。
7.考查固定短语。句意:众所周知,香港拥有世界上最多的摩天大楼。固定短语as we all know“众所周知”。故填As。
8.考查连接词。句意:尽管许多人在等下一趟地铁,但是他们为了不干扰别人而低声交谈。本句为让步状语从句,表示“虽然;尽管”,故填Though /Although。
9.考查副词。句意:英语被广泛地使用。根据句意可知表示“广泛地”故应填widely。
10.考查定语从句连接词。句意:在那里呆一个星期对他来说是一次很好的经历,他永远不会忘记。前面整个句子是先行词,所以后面是which引导的非限制性定语从句,故填which。
二、短文改错
【答案】
1. tends 后加to
2. Therefore →However
3. it →them
4. solve →solving
5. which →what
6. seemed →seem
7. to →in
8. 删除but或but →yet
9. lose →loss
10. modestly →modest
【解题思路】这是一篇说明文。每个人在获取知识的过程中都会遇到很多问题,作者与读者分享了作者解决问题的方法。
第一处:考查动词不定式。tend to do sth.“倾向于做某事”为固定短语。故将tends后加to。
第二处:考查副词。分析句子可知,前后语意表示转折关系,且有标点符号。所以副词为however。故将Therefore 改成However。
第三处:考查代词。分析句子可知,“work out”后接的宾语是“these problems”,所以用代词them替代。故将it 改成them。
第四处:考查动名词。approaches to “.......的解决方法”,其中to为介词后接动名词作宾语。故将solve改成solving。
第五处:考查连接代词。分析句子可知,focus on后接宾语从句作宾语,其中“what”作“with”的宾语。故将which 改成what。
第六处:考查一般现在时和完全倒装。分析句子可知,作者与读者分享了作者解决问题的方法,用的都是一般现在时,所以本句为一般现在时,句子为完全倒装句,主语为“attractive things”,所以谓语为“seem”。故将seemed 改成seem。
第七处:考查固定短语。believe in“相信.......”为固定短语。故将to 改成in。
第八处:考查连词。thought不能与but同时出现在让步从句中,但是可以和yet连用。故删除but或but 改成yet。
第九处:考查名词。the+名词+of表示“.......的”。故将lose改成loss。
第十处:考查形容词。keep为系动词,后接形容词作表语。故将modestly 改成modest。