2020届高考英语二轮专题复习五 动词与动词词组(教师版+学生版)

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名称 2020届高考英语二轮专题复习五 动词与动词词组(教师版+学生版)
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更新时间 2020-02-16 20:51:17

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动词是英语词汇中的核心,而动词及其构成的短语一直是高考中的热点和难点。它的用法最灵活,其种类比较多,形式复杂。每年高考中对动词短语和动词的考查都会出现2?4道试题,难度也大。
2020年高考中特别要注意动词及其和介词、副词的搭配,以及构成的固定短语, 要注意这些短语的意思,同时要在具体的语境中灵话地加以使用。

动词及其词组的灵活运用是英语的特色之一,也是学生学习中的难点,因此每年均为测试的重点。在历年高考试题中动词所占的比例最大,设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用。
考点1 动词词义辨析
这类试题的四个选项是在结构上都很相近的动词。要做好这类试题,必须明确各个动词的词义和用法,然后根据题意需要选用合适的动词。
【典例】
Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might ________ the things they see.
A. indicate B. investigate C. imitate D. innovate
【答案】C
【解析】句意:儿童不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们也许会模仿他们所看到的。此处indicate暗示,表明;investigate调查;imitate模仿;innovate创新。根据句意,故选C。
考点2 近义动词辨析
这类试题的四个选项无论在意义上还是在结构上都是很相近的动词。面对这类试题,必须要从四个动词的语义差别、用法特点等入手才能选出符合题意的动词。
【典例】
I was able at last to ________ my brother to follow my advice.
A. suggest B. advise C. persuade D. leave off
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我终于能够说服我的兄弟听从我的劝告。此处suggest 建议,后面接动名词,不接不定式作宾语补足语的结构;advise建议,不强调说服;persuade说服;leave off停止。根据句意,故选C。
考点3 考查动词与其宾语的固定搭配
英语中有许多动词与其宾语有固定的搭配和习惯用法。碰到这类试题时,解答的关键是弄清题意,然后根据题意选择符合固定搭配或习惯用法的动词。
【典例】
It took him a long time to ________ the skills he needed to become a professional artist.
A. display B. acquire C. teach D. test
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名职业舞蹈家所需的技能。display显示;acquire获得;teach教;test测试,故选B。
考点4 动词与其宾补的固定搭配
英语中有些动词后跟宾补时,有其固定搭配,如let/have/make sb. do sth.,get/force sb. to do sth.,allow/permit/forbid sb. to do sth.等。解答这类试题的关键是分析句子结构,找到作宾补的不定式,然后看不定式前是否有不定式符号to,最后确定该用什么动词。
【典例】
Whenever you see an ad online or in a magazine and think “I need that”, force yourself ________ again.
A. thinking B. thought C. think D. to think
【答案】D
【解析】句意:无论何时当你在网上或杂志里看到一则广告并认为“我需要它”时,强迫自己再考虑一下。force sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事,为固定搭配,所以答案为D。
考点5 系动词
动词作系动词用时,后面常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等,此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。这类动词有:appear, become, feel, look, sound, seem, taste, prove, remain, stay, smell, grow, turn, go, come, fall, stand, lie, exist等。解答这类试题的关键首先是弄清题意,然后是分析句子结构,由此可判断出该动词是否用作系动词,最后确定所要填入的答案。
【典例】
Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ______fresh for several days.
A.be stayed B. stay C.be staying D. have stayed
【答案】B
【解析】句意:你为什么不把肉放在冰箱里呢?那样会保质好几天。 stay是系动词不能用被动语态,故排除A;系动词一般不用于进行时(feel除外),故排除C;stay为非延续性动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,故排除D。所以答案为B。
考点6 同根动词短语的辨析
这类试题的四个选项都是由同一个动词加不同的介词或副词构成。从历年高考试题来看,那些搭配能力强、语义丰富的常用动词短语是命题的重点对象。解答这类试题时,一定要在理解语境的基础上,从语义逻辑、固定搭配、前后关系等角度去确定答案。
【典例】
Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.
A. calls for B. calls on C. calls off D. calls up
【答案】A
【解析】句意:发展长江经济带是一个系统的工程,需要一个清楚的路线图和时间表。call for 需要;要求;call on 号召;call off 取消;call up 打电话,征召。故答案为A。
考点7 同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析
这类试题的四个选项是由不同的动词加相同的介词或副词构成。解答这类试题的关键首先还是弄清题意,然后选出符合题意和句子结构需要的动词短语。
【典例】
When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually _______books that offer useful information
A. point to B. turn to C. attend to D. belong to
【答案】B
【解析】句意:当人们想要拓展知识的时候,他们通常求助于提供相关有用信息的书。turn to打开(书);point to针对,指向;attend to照顾;belong to属于,根据句意选B。
考点8 不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析
这类试题的四个选项是由四个不同的动词构成的动词短语。解答这类试题的关键是根据题干意思,选出符合题意的动词短语。
【典例】
At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he ____ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up
【答案】A
【解析】句意:起初,罗伯特不让他的女儿去潜水,但最终他还是让步了,因为她对自己的技术很有信心。give in屈服; dress up打扮;break in闯入,打断;turn up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills可知,最终他让步了。 故答案为A。
考点9 “动词+副词+介词”短语的辨析
这类试题的四个选项要么是四个不同动词,但副词相同、介词不同的动词短语;要么是四个动词相同、副词相同、介词不同的动词短语。解答这类试题时,弄清题意诚然重要,但还要注意该短语的尾词是介词、副词还是不定式符号to,切忌想当然。
【典例】
--Do you know the plan his daughter will ________ spread a lot?
--Really? I don ’ t know it yet.
A. get down to B. come up to
C. live up to D. look up to
【答案】A
【解析】分析题意为“你知道他女儿将要着手做的那个计划已经传开了吗?”“真的?我还不知道。”四个选项中,get down to着手做;come up to不亚于;相等;live up to不辜负;达到高标准;look up to尊敬。由此可知,只有A项符合题意。句中的his daughter will get down to是定语从句,修饰先行词the plan。故答案为C。


单项选择
1.【2019·江苏】More wind power stations will ____________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A. take up B. clear up C. hold up D. spring up
2.【2019·江苏】A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
3.【2019·天津】Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
4.【2018·天津】At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up
5.【2018·天津】It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
A. display B. acquire C teach D. test
6.【2018·江苏】Kids?shouldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______ the?things?they see.
A. indicate? B. investigate C. imitate D. innovate
7.【2017·天津卷】Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
8.【2017·江苏卷】A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _______ your year ahead.
A. shape B. switch C. stretch D. sharpen
9.【2017·江苏卷】Working with the medical team in Africa has _______ the best in her as a doctor.
A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out

10. Susan has _____ more than 5,000 dollars in the last three months, with which she can buy new bicycles for those poor children.
A. accelerated B. accompanied C. accumulated D. acknowledged
11. Safety should be a priority in any industry and it should come as no surprise that ________ safety issues early can actually save money, long-term, for companies.
A. requiring B. inquiring C. addressing D. acquiring
12. Time and patience are needed in popularizing guoxue, but modem technology helps the process.
A. accomplish B. accelerate C. accumulate D. associate
13. Billy Crystal hosted the Academy Awards again this year, and his performances always ________ the expectations of most audience.
A. sign up for B. drop out of
C. be bent on D. live up to
14. What makes Huashan High School famous is that more than 90% of the students have been ________ to key universities.
A. accepted B. admitted C. added D. admired
15. I worked on the program, and surprisingly found they had ________ the most challenging part, which became less of a burden.
A. set out B. laid out
C. put out D. cut out
16. After years of research, scientists have ________ the virus that is responsible for the disease.
A. distinguished B. realized C. identified D. recognized
17. The architecture as well as all the art works of The Forbidden City is well ____________ by professional staff.
A. accustomed B. erupted C. assumed D. preserved
18. Chinese Sci-Fi The Wandering Earth has been a hit globally, because it _______ Chinese and Western cultures.
A. allows for B. appeals to
C. caters for D. subscribes to
19.A few days ago, the commission its investigation and declared that Johnson was to blame for the car accident last month on the highway.
A. discriminated B. acknowledged C. concluded D. negotiated
20. The latest report has declared that the Chinese economy is ______ steadily, supported by increasing consumption, stable export volumes, and the government's reform policies.
A. holding up B. picking up C. turning up D. standing up
21. It is widely believed that China has been into a more prosperous and advanced country in the last century.
A. transformed B. transferred C. shifted D. transmitted
22. When the authorities refuse to register The Slants as an Asian American band’s name, are they ___ its rights?
A. challenging B. violating C. abusing D. confirming

23.— Is it enough to finish the form for a passport, Madam?
— Your passport application form should be ________ by two recent photos.
A. updated B. accompanied C. established D. identified
24. The book _____ readers of all ages and establishes a literary bond between parents and children.
A. puts down B. appeals to C. comes across D. goes through
25. Yuan Longping’s rice has helped so many people in the world get rid of hunger, so he _____ to be given so many awards.
A. reserves B. devotes C. preserves D. deserves
26. The lunch period will be _____ from 30 minutes to an hour from now on.
A. expanded B. extended C. spread D. added
27. The recent cold weather has prevented residents from going out, which may ________ the decline in customer flows at the shopping mall.
A. make up B. account for C. apply for D. take up
28. An energy ministry official says all of the country’s nuclear plants have been________ and are capable of standing natural disasters.
A. arranged B. appreciated C. inspected D. performed
29. The shopkeeper wanted to sell me the dress for 30 dollars, and I wanted to pay 20 dollars for it, so we ________ on 25 dollars.
A. communicated B. compromised C. bargained D. concentrated
30. To carry out the research on the chimp will ______ living in the jungle for several years.
A. include B. contain C. focus D. involve
31. The audience was _____to turn their cell phones off in the theatre.
A. selected B. recognized C. respected D. reminded
32.—I’d like to go to see the film with you, Dad.
—Sorry, my son, but only the grown-ups are ____ into the cinema.
A. required B. intended C. admitted D. supposed
33. 70,000 pigeons were _____ in Tian'anmen Square on Oct 1 to mark the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
A. delivered B. relieved C. released D. liberated
34. A recent survey shows some students tend to just make unrealistic plans rather than _____ them.
A. submit to B. stick to C. cater to D. apply to
35. Since skin ulcers(溃疡)are usually ______ by a rise in temperature, studies show that detecting skin temperature at home could significantly reduce skin ulcers.
A. accompanied B. strengthened C. confirmed D.rejected
答案和解析

单项选择
1.【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词词组。句意:为了满足新能源的需求,更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。take up开始从事,占领,开始干(工作);clear up整理,收拾,解决(问题);hold up(论点、理论等) 站得住脚,阻挡,举起;spring up出现,涌现。故选D。
2.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:城市是人类的双手和思想的产物,反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像;reflecting反映;reviewing回顾;restoring恢复,根据题意,故选B。
3.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词组辨析。句意:凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音,但她听不清他在说什么。set aside存储,留出; take back收回,拿回;make out辨认出,理解,了解; keep off(使)避开。故选C。
4.【答案】A
【解题思路】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:起初,罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水,但最终他让步了,因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。gave in屈服,让步;dressed up打扮;broke in闯入;打断;turned up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知,最终他让步了。故选A。
5.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。display显示;acquire获得;teach教;test测试。故选B。
6.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:孩子不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。indicate指示;investigate调查;imitate模仿;innovate改革。故选C。
7.【答案】A
【解题思路】句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来,结婚生子。A.安顿下来;B.远离;C.起床;D.插嘴。根据句意,故选A。
8.【答案】A
【解题思路】考查动词的辨析。shape塑造,决定……的形成,影响……的发展;switch转变,交换,调班;stretch拉长,拉紧,伸展,伸长,延伸消耗 sharpen提高,使尖锐,变得清晰。句意:快速回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。
9.【答案】B 
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。held out坚持;提供机会;伸出手;brought out使显现,阐明,出版;picked out使容易看见,找出精心挑选,认出来;given out用完,停止运行,分发,发出,公布。句意:在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意,故选B。

10.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:Susan在上三个月已经攒了5000多美元,她用这笔钱为那些贫困的孩子买了新自行车。accelerated加速;accompanied陪伴;accumulated积累,积攒;堆积,聚积;acknowledged承认,认可,感谢。根据后文可知,Susan是积攒了5000多美元。故选C项。
11.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:在任何行业安全都应该优先考虑,从长远来看,尽早解决安全问题是为公司节约资金,这是不足为奇的。requiring要求;inquiring询问;addressing设法解决;acquiring获得。结合句意可知,此处译为“解决安全问题”符合语境,故选C项。
12.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:普及国学需要时间和耐心,但是现代技术帮助加快了这一进程。accomplish完成;accelerate加速;accumulate积累;associate联合。根据Time and patience和but可知前后句为转折意义,故此处用“加速进程”符合语境。故选D项。
13.【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。sign up for报名参加;drop out of从……中退出;be bent on专心致志于;live up to不辜负。句意:Billy Crystal今年再次主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼,他的表演总是不负众望。根据“the expectations of most audience”判断此处表示“不辜负”,故D项正确。
14.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:华山中学之所以出名,是因为90%以上的学生被重点大学录取。accepted接受;admitted承认,准许进入;added增加;admired钦佩。be admitted to表示“加入、被……录取”,故B项正确。
15.【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我参与了这个项目,并惊讶地发现他们已经去掉了最具挑战性的部分,这就变得不那么麻烦了。set out开始;laid out安排;put out扑灭;cut out删去,根据“which became less of a burden.”可知此处表示“删去”,故D项正确。
16.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:经过多年的研究,科学家们确定了导致这种疾病的病毒。distinguished区别;realized意识到;identified确定、识别;recognized认识。根据“After years of research”可知,此处表示“识别、确定”,故C项正确。
17.【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:与紫禁城的艺术品一样,紫禁城的建筑也被专业人员很好地保存。accustomed习惯的,通常的;erupted爆发,长出;assumed假定的,假装的;preserved保存,保护。故选D。
18.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。allows for允许;appeals to呼吁;caters for迎合;subscribes to订阅。句意:因为迎合了中国和西方的文化,所以《流浪地球》很受欢迎。此处表示“迎合”,故C项正确。
19.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。discriminated辨别;acknowledged承认;concluded推断、结束;negotiated协商。句意:几天前,委员会结束了调查,宣布Johnson应对上个月发生在高速公路上的车祸负责。根据句意可知此处表示“结束”,故C项正确。
20.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。holding up阻挡;picking up上升;turning up出现;standing up起立。句意:最新报告称,在消费增长、出口稳定和政府改革政策的支持下,中国经济正在稳步回升。根据句意可知,此处表示“上升”,故B项正确。
21.【答案】A
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:人们普遍认为,在上个世纪,中国已经变成了一个更加繁荣和发达的国家。transformed转换;transferred转换,转移;shifted移动,转移;transmitted传输,传播。transfer与transform都有转换的意思?,transfer?指的是转换工作,学习,搬迁等外在的改变,而物体自身并没有变。而transform是指物体本身的改变?。shift表示变动时,多指位置、方向、及方式的改变。此处指国家本身的改变,故选A。
22.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。challenging挑战;violating侵犯;abusing滥用;confirming确定。句意:当官方拒绝注册“The Slants”为亚洲乐队的名称时,他们是在侵犯乐队的权利吗?根据句意可知B项正确。

23.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。updated更新;accompanied伴随、附属;established建立;identified识别。句意:——夫人,填好护照申请表就行了么?——您的护照申请表应附两张近照。根据“by two recent photos”判断此处表示“伴随、附上”,故B项正确。
24.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这本书吸引不同年龄段的读者,在父母和孩子之间建立起文学纽带。puts down放下;appeals to吸引,对……感兴趣;comes across偶然发现,偶然遇见;goes through经历,经受(尤指苦难或艰难时期)。根据句意,书能吸引不同年龄段的读者。故选B。
25.【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:袁隆平研发的水稻帮助世界上很多人摆脱了贫困,因此他值得获得如此多的奖项。reserves保留,保护;devotes贡献;preserves保存,保护;deserves值得。结合句意可知此处用“值得”符合语境,deserve to be done值得被……,故选D项。
26.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:从现在开始,午饭时间将会从30分钟延长至1个小时。expanded扩展,扩大;extended延长,延续;spread传播,伸展;added增加,补充说。午饭时间是被延长,extend意为延长时间,符合句意,故选B项。
27.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。句意:最近的寒冷天气使居民们无法出门,这可能是购物中心客流量下降的原因。make up编造,化妆;account for对……做出解释;apply for申请;take up拿起,开始从事。结合句意故选B。
28.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:一名能源部官员表示,该国所有的核电站都经过了检查,能够承受自然灾害。arranged安排;appreciated感激;inspected检查;performed执行,表演。结合句意故选C。
29.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:店主想以30美元的价格把那件衣服卖给我,而我想付20美元,所以我们折中了25美元。communicated交流;compromised妥协,折中;bargained讨价还价;concentrated集中。结合句意故选B。
30.【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:要对黑猩猩进行研究,就涉及到要在丛林里生活好几年。include包含,包括,只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分;contain包含,容纳,表示包含所含之物的全部或部分; focus集中;involve涉及,牵涉,强调必须包含某种结果。结合句意,故选D。
31.【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:在剧院里,有人提醒观众把手机关掉。selected选择;recognized辨认; respected尊重;reminded提醒。结合句意故选D。
32.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:—爸爸,我想和你一起去看这部电影。—对不起,儿子,只有成人才被允许进电影院。required要求;intended打算,计划;admitted允许进入;supposed认为。根据句意可知,C项符合题意,be admitted into...“被允许进入……”故选C。
33.【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:10月1日,为纪念中华人民共和国成立70周年,天安门广场放飞了7万只鸽子。delivered递送;relieved缓解;released释放,侧重指放松限制、解除监禁或免除义务;liberated解放,常指从束缚和压迫中解放出来,强调获得最终的解放。此处指“放飞”鸽子应用release。故选C。
34.【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。句意:最近的一项调查显示,一些学生倾向于制定不切实际的计划,而不是坚持下去。submit to提交;B. stick to坚持;C. cater to迎合;D. apply to适用于。rather than表示转折,结合句意故选B。
35.【答案】A
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:因为皮肤溃疡通常伴随着体温升高,所以研究表明,在家诊察体温可以在很大程度上减少皮肤溃疡。accompanied伴随;strengthened加强;confirmed证实;rejected拒绝。根据句意可知此处用“伴随”体温升高状况,符合语境,故选A项。


动词是英语词汇中的核心,而动词及其构成的短语一直是高考中的热点和难点。它的用法最灵活,其种类比较多,形式复杂。每年高考中对动词短语和动词的考查都会出现2?4道试题,难度也大。
2020年高考中特别要注意动词及其和介词、副词的搭配,以及构成的固定短语, 要注意这些短语的意思,同时要在具体的语境中灵话地加以使用。

动词及其词组的灵活运用是英语的特色之一,也是学生学习中的难点,因此每年均为测试的重点。在历年高考试题中动词所占的比例最大,设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用。
考点1 动词词义辨析
这类试题的四个选项是在结构上都很相近的动词。要做好这类试题,必须明确各个动词的词义和用法,然后根据题意需要选用合适的动词。
【典例】
Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might ________ the things they see.
A. indicate B. investigate C. imitate D. innovate
【答案】C
【解析】句意:儿童不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们也许会模仿他们所看到的。此处indicate暗示,表明;investigate调查;imitate模仿;innovate创新。根据句意,故选C。
考点2 近义动词辨析
这类试题的四个选项无论在意义上还是在结构上都是很相近的动词。面对这类试题,必须要从四个动词的语义差别、用法特点等入手才能选出符合题意的动词。
【典例】
I was able at last to ________ my brother to follow my advice.
A. suggest B. advise C. persuade D. leave off
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我终于能够说服我的兄弟听从我的劝告。此处suggest 建议,后面接动名词,不接不定式作宾语补足语的结构;advise建议,不强调说服;persuade说服;leave off停止。根据句意,故选C。
考点3 考查动词与其宾语的固定搭配
英语中有许多动词与其宾语有固定的搭配和习惯用法。碰到这类试题时,解答的关键是弄清题意,然后根据题意选择符合固定搭配或习惯用法的动词。
【典例】
It took him a long time to ________ the skills he needed to become a professional artist.
A. display B. acquire C. teach D. test
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名职业舞蹈家所需的技能。display显示;acquire获得;teach教;test测试,故选B。
考点4 动词与其宾补的固定搭配
英语中有些动词后跟宾补时,有其固定搭配,如let/have/make sb. do sth.,get/force sb. to do sth.,allow/permit/forbid sb. to do sth.等。解答这类试题的关键是分析句子结构,找到作宾补的不定式,然后看不定式前是否有不定式符号to,最后确定该用什么动词。
【典例】
Whenever you see an ad online or in a magazine and think “I need that”, force yourself ________ again.
A. thinking B. thought C. think D. to think
【答案】D
【解析】句意:无论何时当你在网上或杂志里看到一则广告并认为“我需要它”时,强迫自己再考虑一下。force sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事,为固定搭配,所以答案为D。
考点5 系动词
动词作系动词用时,后面常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等,此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。这类动词有:appear, become, feel, look, sound, seem, taste, prove, remain, stay, smell, grow, turn, go, come, fall, stand, lie, exist等。解答这类试题的关键首先是弄清题意,然后是分析句子结构,由此可判断出该动词是否用作系动词,最后确定所要填入的答案。
【典例】
Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ______fresh for several days.
A.be stayed B. stay C.be staying D. have stayed
【答案】B
【解析】句意:你为什么不把肉放在冰箱里呢?那样会保质好几天。 stay是系动词不能用被动语态,故排除A;系动词一般不用于进行时(feel除外),故排除C;stay为非延续性动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,故排除D。所以答案为B。
考点6 同根动词短语的辨析
这类试题的四个选项都是由同一个动词加不同的介词或副词构成。从历年高考试题来看,那些搭配能力强、语义丰富的常用动词短语是命题的重点对象。解答这类试题时,一定要在理解语境的基础上,从语义逻辑、固定搭配、前后关系等角度去确定答案。
【典例】
Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.
A. calls for B. calls on C. calls off D. calls up
【答案】A
【解析】句意:发展长江经济带是一个系统的工程,需要一个清楚的路线图和时间表。call for 需要;要求;call on 号召;call off 取消;call up 打电话,征召。故答案为A。
考点7 同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析
这类试题的四个选项是由不同的动词加相同的介词或副词构成。解答这类试题的关键首先还是弄清题意,然后选出符合题意和句子结构需要的动词短语。
【典例】
When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually _______books that offer useful information
A. point to B. turn to C. attend to D. belong to
【答案】B
【解析】句意:当人们想要拓展知识的时候,他们通常求助于提供相关有用信息的书。turn to打开(书);point to针对,指向;attend to照顾;belong to属于,根据句意选B。
考点8 不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析
这类试题的四个选项是由四个不同的动词构成的动词短语。解答这类试题的关键是根据题干意思,选出符合题意的动词短语。
【典例】
At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he ____ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up
【答案】A
【解析】句意:起初,罗伯特不让他的女儿去潜水,但最终他还是让步了,因为她对自己的技术很有信心。give in屈服; dress up打扮;break in闯入,打断;turn up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills可知,最终他让步了。 故答案为A。
考点9 “动词+副词+介词”短语的辨析
这类试题的四个选项要么是四个不同动词,但副词相同、介词不同的动词短语;要么是四个动词相同、副词相同、介词不同的动词短语。解答这类试题时,弄清题意诚然重要,但还要注意该短语的尾词是介词、副词还是不定式符号to,切忌想当然。
【典例】
--Do you know the plan his daughter will ________ spread a lot?
--Really? I don ’ t know it yet.
A. get down to B. come up to
C. live up to D. look up to
【答案】A
【解析】分析题意为“你知道他女儿将要着手做的那个计划已经传开了吗?”“真的?我还不知道。”四个选项中,get down to着手做;come up to不亚于;相等;live up to不辜负;达到高标准;look up to尊敬。由此可知,只有A项符合题意。句中的his daughter will get down to是定语从句,修饰先行词the plan。故答案为C。


单项选择
1.【2019·江苏】More wind power stations will ____________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A. take up B. clear up C. hold up D. spring up
【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词词组。句意:为了满足新能源的需求,更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。take up开始从事,占领,开始干(工作);clear up整理,收拾,解决(问题);hold up(论点、理论等) 站得住脚,阻挡,举起;spring up出现,涌现。故选D。
2.【2019·江苏】A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:城市是人类的双手和思想的产物,反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像;reflecting反映;reviewing回顾;restoring恢复,根据题意,故选B。
3.【2019·天津】Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词组辨析。句意:凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音,但她听不清他在说什么。set aside存储,留出; take back收回,拿回;make out辨认出,理解,了解; keep off(使)避开。故选C。
4.【2018·天津】At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up
【答案】A
【解题思路】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:起初,罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水,但最终他让步了,因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。gave in屈服,让步;dressed up打扮;broke in闯入;打断;turned up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知,最终他让步了。故选A。
5.【2018·天津】It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
A. display B. acquire C teach D. test
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。display显示;acquire获得;teach教;test测试。故选B。
6.【2018·江苏】Kids?shouldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______ the?things?they see.
A. indicate? B. investigate C. imitate D. innovate
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:孩子不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。indicate指示;investigate调查;imitate模仿;innovate改革。故选C。
7.【2017·天津卷】Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
【答案】A
【解题思路】句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来,结婚生子。A.安顿下来;B.远离;C.起床;D.插嘴。根据句意,故选A。
8.【2017·江苏卷】A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _______ your year ahead.
A. shape B. switch C. stretch D. sharpen
【答案】A
【解题思路】考查动词的辨析。shape塑造,决定……的形成,影响……的发展;switch转变,交换,调班;stretch拉长,拉紧,伸展,伸长,延伸消耗 sharpen提高,使尖锐,变得清晰。句意:快速回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。
9.【2017·江苏卷】Working with the medical team in Africa has _______ the best in her as a doctor.
A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out
【答案】B 
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。held out坚持;提供机会;伸出手;brought out使显现,阐明,出版;picked out使容易看见,找出精心挑选,认出来;given out用完,停止运行,分发,发出,公布。句意:在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意,故选B。

1. Susan has _____ more than 5,000 dollars in the last three months, with which she can buy new bicycles for those poor children.
A. accelerated B. accompanied C. accumulated D. acknowledged
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:Susan在上三个月已经攒了5000多美元,她用这笔钱为那些贫困的孩子买了新自行车。accelerated加速;accompanied陪伴;accumulated积累,积攒;堆积,聚积;acknowledged承认,认可,感谢。根据后文可知,Susan是积攒了5000多美元。故选C项。
2. Safety should be a priority in any industry and it should come as no surprise that ________ safety issues early can actually save money, long-term, for companies.
A. requiring B. inquiring C. addressing D. acquiring
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:在任何行业安全都应该优先考虑,从长远来看,尽早解决安全问题是为公司节约资金,这是不足为奇的。requiring要求;inquiring询问;addressing设法解决;acquiring获得。结合句意可知,此处译为“解决安全问题”符合语境,故选C项。
3. Time and patience are needed in popularizing guoxue, but modem technology helps the process.
A. accomplish B. accelerate C. accumulate D. associate
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:普及国学需要时间和耐心,但是现代技术帮助加快了这一进程。accomplish完成;accelerate加速;accumulate积累;associate联合。根据Time and patience和but可知前后句为转折意义,故此处用“加速进程”符合语境。故选D项。
4. Billy Crystal hosted the Academy Awards again this year, and his performances always ________ the expectations of most audience.
A. sign up for B. drop out of
C. be bent on D. live up to
【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。sign up for报名参加;drop out of从……中退出;be bent on专心致志于;live up to不辜负。句意:Billy Crystal今年再次主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼,他的表演总是不负众望。根据“the expectations of most audience”判断此处表示“不辜负”,故D项正确。
5. What makes Huashan High School famous is that more than 90% of the students have been ________ to key universities.
A. accepted B. admitted C. added D. admired
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:华山中学之所以出名,是因为90%以上的学生被重点大学录取。accepted接受;admitted承认,准许进入;added增加;admired钦佩。be admitted to表示“加入、被……录取”,故B项正确。
6. I worked on the program, and surprisingly found they had ________ the most challenging part, which became less of a burden.
A. set out B. laid out
C. put out D. cut out
【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我参与了这个项目,并惊讶地发现他们已经去掉了最具挑战性的部分,这就变得不那么麻烦了。set out开始;laid out安排;put out扑灭;cut out删去,根据“which became less of a burden.”可知此处表示“删去”,故D项正确。
7. After years of research, scientists have ________ the virus that is responsible for the disease.
A. distinguished B. realized C. identified D. recognized
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:经过多年的研究,科学家们确定了导致这种疾病的病毒。distinguished区别;realized意识到;identified确定、识别;recognized认识。根据“After years of research”可知,此处表示“识别、确定”,故C项正确。
8. The architecture as well as all the art works of The Forbidden City is well ____________ by professional staff.
A. accustomed B. erupted C. assumed D. preserved
【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:与紫禁城的艺术品一样,紫禁城的建筑也被专业人员很好地保存。accustomed习惯的,通常的;erupted爆发,长出;assumed假定的,假装的;preserved保存,保护。故选D。
9. Chinese Sci-Fi The Wandering Earth has been a hit globally, because it _______ Chinese and Western cultures.
A. allows for B. appeals to
C. caters for D. subscribes to
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。allows for允许;appeals to呼吁;caters for迎合;subscribes to订阅。句意:因为迎合了中国和西方的文化,所以《流浪地球》很受欢迎。此处表示“迎合”,故C项正确。
10.A few days ago, the commission its investigation and declared that Johnson was to blame for the car accident last month on the highway.
A. discriminated B. acknowledged C. concluded D. negotiated
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。discriminated辨别;acknowledged承认;concluded推断、结束;negotiated协商。句意:几天前,委员会结束了调查,宣布Johnson应对上个月发生在高速公路上的车祸负责。根据句意可知此处表示“结束”,故C项正确。
11. The latest report has declared that the Chinese economy is ______ steadily, supported by increasing consumption, stable export volumes, and the government's reform policies.
A. holding up B. picking up C. turning up D. standing up
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。holding up阻挡;picking up上升;turning up出现;standing up起立。句意:最新报告称,在消费增长、出口稳定和政府改革政策的支持下,中国经济正在稳步回升。根据句意可知,此处表示“上升”,故B项正确。
12. It is widely believed that China has been into a more prosperous and advanced country in the last century.
A. transformed B. transferred C. shifted D. transmitted
【答案】A
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:人们普遍认为,在上个世纪,中国已经变成了一个更加繁荣和发达的国家。transformed转换;transferred转换,转移;shifted移动,转移;transmitted传输,传播。transfer与transform都有转换的意思?,transfer?指的是转换工作,学习,搬迁等外在的改变,而物体自身并没有变。而transform是指物体本身的改变?。shift表示变动时,多指位置、方向、及方式的改变。此处指国家本身的改变,故选A。
13. When the authorities refuse to register The Slants as an Asian American band’s name, are they ___ its rights?
A. challenging B. violating C. abusing D. confirming
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。challenging挑战;violating侵犯;abusing滥用;confirming确定。句意:当官方拒绝注册“The Slants”为亚洲乐队的名称时,他们是在侵犯乐队的权利吗?根据句意可知B项正确。

14.— Is it enough to finish the form for a passport, Madam?
— Your passport application form should be ________ by two recent photos.
A. updated B. accompanied C. established D. identified
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。updated更新;accompanied伴随、附属;established建立;identified识别。句意:——夫人,填好护照申请表就行了么?——您的护照申请表应附两张近照。根据“by two recent photos”判断此处表示“伴随、附上”,故B项正确。
15. The book _____ readers of all ages and establishes a literary bond between parents and children.
A. puts down B. appeals to C. comes across D. goes through
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这本书吸引不同年龄段的读者,在父母和孩子之间建立起文学纽带。puts down放下;appeals to吸引,对……感兴趣;comes across偶然发现,偶然遇见;goes through经历,经受(尤指苦难或艰难时期)。根据句意,书能吸引不同年龄段的读者。故选B。
16. Yuan Longping’s rice has helped so many people in the world get rid of hunger, so he _____ to be given so many awards.
A. reserves B. devotes C. preserves D. deserves
【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:袁隆平研发的水稻帮助世界上很多人摆脱了贫困,因此他值得获得如此多的奖项。reserves保留,保护;devotes贡献;preserves保存,保护;deserves值得。结合句意可知此处用“值得”符合语境,deserve to be done值得被……,故选D项。
17. The lunch period will be _____ from 30 minutes to an hour from now on.
A. expanded B. extended C. spread D. added
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:从现在开始,午饭时间将会从30分钟延长至1个小时。expanded扩展,扩大;extended延长,延续;spread传播,伸展;added增加,补充说。午饭时间是被延长,extend意为延长时间,符合句意,故选B项。
18. The recent cold weather has prevented residents from going out, which may ________ the decline in customer flows at the shopping mall.
A. make up B. account for C. apply for D. take up
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。句意:最近的寒冷天气使居民们无法出门,这可能是购物中心客流量下降的原因。make up编造,化妆;account for对……做出解释;apply for申请;take up拿起,开始从事。结合句意故选B。
19. An energy ministry official says all of the country’s nuclear plants have been________ and are capable of standing natural disasters.
A. arranged B. appreciated C. inspected D. performed
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:一名能源部官员表示,该国所有的核电站都经过了检查,能够承受自然灾害。arranged安排;appreciated感激;inspected检查;performed执行,表演。结合句意故选C。
20. The shopkeeper wanted to sell me the dress for 30 dollars, and I wanted to pay 20 dollars for it, so we ________ on 25 dollars.
A. communicated B. compromised C. bargained D. concentrated
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:店主想以30美元的价格把那件衣服卖给我,而我想付20美元,所以我们折中了25美元。communicated交流;compromised妥协,折中;bargained讨价还价;concentrated集中。结合句意故选B。
21. To carry out the research on the chimp will ______ living in the jungle for several years.
A. include B. contain C. focus D. involve
【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:要对黑猩猩进行研究,就涉及到要在丛林里生活好几年。include包含,包括,只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分;contain包含,容纳,表示包含所含之物的全部或部分; focus集中;involve涉及,牵涉,强调必须包含某种结果。结合句意,故选D。
22. The audience was _____to turn their cell phones off in the theatre.
A. selected B. recognized C. respected D. reminded
【答案】D
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:在剧院里,有人提醒观众把手机关掉。selected选择;recognized辨认; respected尊重;reminded提醒。结合句意故选D。
23.—I’d like to go to see the film with you, Dad.
—Sorry, my son, but only the grown-ups are ____ into the cinema.
A. required B. intended C. admitted D. supposed
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:—爸爸,我想和你一起去看这部电影。—对不起,儿子,只有成人才被允许进电影院。required要求;intended打算,计划;admitted允许进入;supposed认为。根据句意可知,C项符合题意,be admitted into...“被允许进入……”故选C。
24. 70,000 pigeons were _____ in Tian'anmen Square on Oct 1 to mark the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
A. delivered B. relieved C. released D. liberated
【答案】C
【解题思路】考查动词辨析。句意:10月1日,为纪念中华人民共和国成立70周年,天安门广场放飞了7万只鸽子。delivered递送;relieved缓解;released释放,侧重指放松限制、解除监禁或免除义务;liberated解放,常指从束缚和压迫中解放出来,强调获得最终的解放。此处指“放飞”鸽子应用release。故选C。
25. A recent survey shows some students tend to just make unrealistic plans rather than _____ them.
A. submit to B. stick to C. cater to D. apply to
【答案】B
【解题思路】考查动词短语辨析。句意:最近的一项调查显示,一些学生倾向于制定不切实际的计划,而不是坚持下去。submit to提交;B. stick to坚持;C. cater to迎合;D. apply to适用于。rather than表示转折,结合句意故选B。
26. Since skin ulcers(溃疡)are usually ______ by a rise in temperature, studies show that detecting skin temperature at home could significantly reduce skin ulcers.
A. accompanied B. strengthened C. confirmed D.rejected
【答案】A
【解题思路】考查动词词义辨析。句意:因为皮肤溃疡通常伴随着体温升高,所以研究表明,在家诊察体温可以在很大程度上减少皮肤溃疡。accompanied伴随;strengthened加强;confirmed证实;rejected拒绝。根据句意可知此处用“伴随”体温升高状况,符合语境,故选A项。