三言
两语
1.It is high time for us to take measures to prevent the earth from getting warmer.
2．It is a shame that students leave the water running without turning off the tap after washing.
3．We should awaken public awareness of protecting the wildlife.
1.只有这样我们才能与动物和谐相处。
Only in this way can we live in harmony with the animals.
2．水资源已经被污染得如此严重，以至于一些水不适合饮用或使用。
Water resources have become so badly polluted that some of the water is unfit to drink or use.
[单词 拼写应用]
核
心
单
词
1.tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾
2._quantity n．量；数量
3．glance vi.看一下；扫视
n．一瞥
4．advocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张
5．mild adj.温和的；温柔的；淡的
6．range n．种类；范围
7．widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的
8．average adj.平均的
9．circumstance n．环境；情况
10._environmental adj.环境的
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(上海卷)As a result of destroying the forests, large quantities(quantity) of desert have covered the land.
2．The TV show had a massive audience，ranging (range) from children to grandparents.
3．He glanced_(glance) quickly over his shoulder to see if he was being followed.
4．The people who cannot quit smoking may easily be affected by his circumstances (circumstance) and surroundings.
5．The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the world's highest plateau，averaging (average) over 4，000 metres above sea level.
拓
展
单
词
1.oppose vt.反对； 反抗； 与(某人)较量→opposed adj.反对的； 对立的
2．consequence n．结果； 后果； 影响→consequently adv.因此； 所以
3．state vt.陈述； 说明→ statement n．声明； 陈述； 表达
4．steady adj.平稳的； 持续的； 稳固的→steadily adv.平稳地； 持续地
5．exist vi.存在→existence n．生存； 存在
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．One of the worst consequences of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer from lung cancer.Consequently,_you and your family will suffer a lot.(consequent)
2．It was stated that the president made a statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state)
拓
展
单
词
6.contribute v．贡献； 撰稿→contribution n．贡献
7．grow v．增长； 生长→ growth n．增长； 生长
8．educate v．教育→educator n．教育工作者； 教育家 → education n．教育
9．disagree vi.不同意；意见不合→disagreement n．分歧；不一致
10．pollute vt.污染→pollution n．污染；弄脏→_polluted adj.被污染的
11．exist vi.存在→existence n．生存；存在→_existing adj.目前的；现在的
12．economic adj.经济的→economical adj.节约的；经济的→_economy n．经济；节约
3.Many people do not believe the existence of the ghosts, but many young children believe there exists all kinds of ghosts in the world.How to solve this existing problem? (exist)
4．With the decline of the global economy,_her family is faced with many economic aspects, one of which is whether to buy an economical stove to survive the whole winter.(economy)
5．The young man whose parents are both educators is well educated．His parents received good education in a foreign country.(educate)
阅
读
单
词
1.random adj.胡乱的；任意的
2．subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅
vt.签署(文件)；捐助
3．data n．资料；数据
4．trend n．趋势；倾向；走向
5．outer adj.外部的；外面的
6．electrical adj.电的；与电有关的
7.casual adj.随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的
8．motor n．发动机
9．can n．容器；罐头
10．consume vt.消费；_消耗；_耗尽；_吃完
11．refresh vt.使恢复；使振作
12．renewable adj.能再生的；可更新的
13.byproduct n．副产品
14．drought n．旱灾；干旱
15．individual n．个人；个体
adj.单独的；个别的
16．presentation n．显示；演出
17．commitment n．承诺；交托；信奉
18．phenomenon n．现象
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Freddy was an average student, but not an average person.普通的
2．(2017·天津卷)I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people.大量涌入
[短语 多维应用]
高频短语
1.go up上升；增长；升起
2．subscribe to同意；赞成；订购
3．quantities of大量的
4．be opposed to反对……
5．put up with忍受；容忍
6．and so on等等
[语境运用] (填入一个适当的词)
This morning，several classmates and I subscribed ①to the idea that we went to collect rubbish in the People's Park.On arrival，we found quantities ②of waste plastic bags on the ground.Although we were opposed ③to littering，some visitors ignored us.We couldn't put ④up with their bad behaviors.
7.result in导致
8．keep on继续
9．come about发生；造成
10．on the whole大体上；基本上
11．on behalf of代表……一方；作为……的代言人
[语境运用] (填入一个适当的词)
We patiently persuaded them not to throw away rubbish，and they finally promised us not to keep ⑤on doing that.So，you see，so long as we do our best，bad phenomena will decrease or will not come ⑥about．⑦On the whole，good actions result⑧ in good outcomes.Don't you think so？
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.even if引导让步状语从句
Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.
(山东卷)他们将不惜一切代价送孩子上大学，即使这会使他们债台高筑。
They will send their kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.
2.as/so long as引导条件状语从句
It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off！
只要我们不失去信心，继续努力，我们一定能克服困难，实现目标。
As/So long as we don't lose heart and keep on trying，we are sure to get over difficulties，and achieve our aims.
1.quantity n．量；数量；数目，数额
a large/small quantity of 大量/少量的
large quantities of 大量的；许多的
in quantity 大量地
put emphasis on quality rather than on quantity
重视质量而不是数量
huge quantities of food大量的食物
a small quantity of water少量的水
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are being washed (wash) away now.
b．With more and more forests cut down, a large quantity of soil is being washed (wash) away now.
②We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in quantity.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达) Before the exam, I spent a lot of time in preparing for it.Otherwise, I wouldn't have succeeded in passing the exam.
(高级表达)Before the exam, I spent a large quantity of/a great deal of time in preparing for it.Otherwise, I wouldn't have succeeded in passing the exam.
[名师点津] (1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。
(2)“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
2.oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量
(1)oppose doing 反对做某事
oppose sb. doing sth.反对某人做某事
(2)opposed adj.反对的；对抗的；敌对的
be opposed to sth.反对某事
(3)opposing adj.相反的；对立的
adv.在对面
prep.在……对面
n．对立面；对立的人或物
oppose the plan bitterly坚决反对这个计划
oppose changing the regulations反对改变规则
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Many residents opposed the government building (build) a chemical factory near the school.
②a.Opposed(oppose)to the plan of raising prices, they decided not to carry it out.
b. Opposing(oppose) the plan of raising prices, they decided not to carry it out.
③(2019·浙江卷) By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite(oppose)．
[链接写作]—— 完成句子/句式升级
(普通表达)The government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people opposed it/were opposed to it(反对它)．
(高级表达) With a lot of people opposed to/opposing the new proposal, the government postponed it.(with复合结构)
3.range n．山脉；范围；行列v.排列；变化；变动
(1)range from...to...＝ range between...and...在……范围内变动
(2)a range of 一系列……
a wide range of 大范围的；各种各样的
(3)in/within range (of sth.) 在……范围内
out of/beyond range (of sth.) 在……范围外
a range of products一系列产品
a wide range of social，cultural and economic backgrounds
不同的社会、文化和经济背景
in the 16－19 age range
在16到19岁之间
a mountain range山脉
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2017·北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.
②a.The price of the car ranges from 20，000 dollars to 30，000 dollars, which is within his range, so he decides to buy it at once.
b．(天津卷)The price was beyond our range, so we declined.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)In addition to these traditional activities，we have many different choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.(辽宁卷改编)
(高级表达)In addition to these traditional activities，we have a wide range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
4.average adj.平均的；普通的；平常的n.平均数；平均水平v.计算出……的平均数
on average 平均
an average of...平均有……
with an average of 平均为
above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下
spend an average of about $200 a year on books
平均每年大约花200美元买书
the world's average temperature世界平均温度
children of average intelligence智力一般的儿童
an average cost/price 平均成本/价格
an average student一个普通的学生
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(浙江卷)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year，making it the driest year since California became a state in 1850.
②(四川卷)The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.
③a.The economy in this area has grown at a remarkable rate, averaging(average) almost 10 percent per annum.
b．The economy in this area has grown at a remarkable rate, with an average of almost 10 percent per year.
[链接写作]——根据汉语提示完成下面片段
There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam, ①with an average of 18 students (平均有18名学生) in each class.Tom's was ②above average (在平均水平之上)while John's was ③below average (在平均水平之下)．
5.put up with 容忍；忍受
put forward 提出(意见、建议)
put on 穿上；上演
put off推迟；延期
put away 放好(某物)；储存
put down 放下；写下；镇压
put aside 储存……备用；留下……供专用
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·浙江卷) So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains.
②Every year children put aside some of their pocket money to buy New Year presents.
③We've had to put off our wedding until September.
[链接写作]——完成句子
①学生们提出了许多需要马上解决的问题。
The students have put forward a lot of questions that need to be solved at once.
②我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。
I can put up with the house's being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.
6. [教材佳句]It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off！只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！
[句法句式]句中as long as(＝so long as)意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。as long as还可表示“与……一样长”。
as good as 与……一样好；几乎和……一样
as far as远至；就……而言
as well as和……一样好；除……之外；既……又……
as soon as 一……就……
as many/much as多达……；和……一样多
[金句推送] (全国卷Ⅰ)You can write anything relevant as/so long as it's interesting and informative.只要内容有趣且信息量大，你可以写任何相关的内容。
[基础练习]——辨析填空(as long as, as well as, as far as, as good as)
①(北京卷)You won't find paper cutting difficult as long as you keep practicing it.
②If he finds out that I am lying, I am as good as dead.
③(2018·江苏卷)All special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours，concerts，gallery talks，and family/children's programs are free with admission.
④(上海卷)In ancient times，people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled as far as the local market.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)In our life we may meet many failures.If we try our best, there is no need to feel regret for these failures. (湖南卷)
(高级表达) In our life we may meet many failures.As long as we try our best, there is no need to feel regret for these failures.
多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Most of the students interviewed last week opposed having (have) classes on Sunday.
2．Quantities of money have been spent (spend) in bringing up the children since they were married.
3．The water recreation centre provides a variety of activities, ranging (range) from swimming to diving.
4．Animal activists advocate that the government (should) set (set) up a special organization to protect these migrating birds.
5．In order to keep rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from being polluted (pollute), we must do something to protect them.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
6．(天津卷)He was a good student and scored above average in most subjects.
7．To get good jobs, they are willing to put up with many of the disadvantages of city life such as heavy traffic and pollution.
8．It was their encouragement and my own thinking that resulted in my slow but steady progress.
9．There is no doubt that the proposal he put forward at the meeting is unacceptable.
10．We are still wondering how it came about that the experiment ended in failure.
维度3——查缺补漏
11．We should do our work well to make contributions (contribution) to our future, our society and our nation.
12. Consequently (consequent), she understood it and became interested in Chinese traditional culture.
13．With the housing price going (go)up, more and more people advocate the government take more strict measures to lower property prices.
14．On the other hand, the cost of everything from housing to education has risen steadily (steady) in recent decades.
15．The children wonder when and how the universe came into existence (exist)．
语篇练习——提升能力
提能一 单元话题语篇练
根据P26—27教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
It is well 1.known (know) that global warming results from humans burning fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, 2.of which the most important one is carbon dioxide.These “greenhouse” gases can keep 3.the earth warm enough for us to live on.However, when 4.quantities (quantity) of extra carbon dioxide are put into the atmosphere, the global temperature tends 5.to go (go) up.
Although scientists have different opinions about the future effects of global 6.warming (warm), most believe that the temperature of the earth would increase by about 5 degrees over the next 100 years, which may cause the sea level to rise, bring about floods, storms, droughts, the spread of diseases and the 7.disappearance(disappear) of species.8.But Hambley says more carbon dioxide will make plants grow 9.quicker (quick); crops will produce more and that it will encourage a greater range of animals.
Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.The climate 10.will keep (keep) on warming for decades or centuries even if we start reducing the amount of greenhouse gases.What will be the future results of global warming？We wait and see.
提能二 单元话题写作练
1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①有一些科学家认同全球变暖将会是一个大灾难。
Some scientists subscribe to the view that global warming will be a catastrophe.
②持续升高的温度可能会导致洪水、干旱和饥饿。
The steady going up of the temperature may result in floods, drought and famines.
③其他科学家反对这种观点，认为这种变暖会很温和，不会在环境方面导致严重的后果。
Other scientists are opposed to this, saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences．
④我认为即使结论不是很明确，也应该特别关注保护环境，因为这一定会有益于我们的健康。
I think that even if the conclusion is not clear, we should pay special attention to protecting environment, because it is surely beneficial to our health.
⑤我们一起努力做一些能减少二氧化碳排放的事情， 这样，全球变暖可能就会变慢。
We work hard together to do something to reduce the carbon dioxide, and the global warming may slow down.
2．升级平淡句
用条件状语从句改写句⑤
As long as we work hard together to do something to reduce the carbon dioxide, the global warming may slow down.
3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however)
Some scientists subscribe to the view that global warming will be a catastrophe. The steady going up of the temperature may result in floods, drought and famines. However, other scientists are opposed to this, saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences. I think that even if the conclusion is not clear, we should pay special attention to protecting environment, because it is surely beneficial to our health. As long as we work hard together to do something to reduce the carbon dioxide, the global warming may slow down.
课件75张PPT。选修6Unit 4 Global warming诵读话题经典Only in this way can weso badly polluted that 构建知识体系tend quantity glance advocate mild range widespread average circumstance environmental quantities ranging glanced circumstances averaging opposed consequently statement steadily existence consequences Consequentlystated statement contribution growth educator education disagreement pollution polluted existence existing economical economy existence exists existing economyeconomic economical educators educated education 胡乱的；任意的 同意；捐赠；订阅 签署(文件)；捐助 资料；数据 趋势；倾向；走向 外部的；外面的 电的；与电有关的 随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的 发动机 容器；罐头 消费； 消耗； 耗尽； 吃完 使恢复；使振作 能再生的；可更新的 副产品 旱灾；干旱 个人；个体 单独的；个别的 显示；演出 承诺；交托；信奉 现象 普通的 大量涌入 go up subscribe to quantities of be opposed to put up with and so on to of to up result in keep on come about on the whole on behalf of on about On in even if thatmeans a huge amount of debt As/So long as we don't loseheart and keep on trying 突破思维瓶颈are being washed is being washed in a large quantity of/agreat deal of building Opposed Opposing opposite opposed it/were opposed to it With a lot of people opposed to/opposing the newproposalranging from to within beyond awide range ofAn on averaging with with an average of 18 students above average below average on aside off put forward a lot of questions put up with as long as as good as as well as as far as As long as 强化运用技能having have been spent ranging (should) set being polluted above with in that about contributions Consequently going steadily existence known of the quantities to go warming disappearance But quicker will keep subscribe to steady going up of the temperature result in are opposed to environmental consequences even if protecting environmentto reduce As long as we work hard together to do something to reducethe carbon dioxide, the global warming may slow down. Some scientists subscribe to the view that global warming will be a catastrophe. The steady going up of the temperature may result in floods, drought and famines. However, other scientists are opposed to this, saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmentalconsequences. I think that even if the conclusion is not clear, we should pay special attention to protecting environment, because it is surely beneficial to our health. As long as we work hard together to do something to reduce the carbon dioxide, the global warming may slow down.点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !课时提能练(二十九)
Unit 4 Global warming
课时作业A：基础层面
Ⅰ.语境语法填空
A
Food prices in this country are going up 1.steadily (steady) because of a rapid population 2.growth (grow). Farmers have a 3.tendency (tend) to expand the area of arable(耕作的) land for more crops next year. Food 4.consumers (consume) will feel delighted, but the public worries that this will threaten the 5.existence (exist) of wildlife because their habitat may be destroyed. It is really a dilemma for many.
B
People in big cities have to put up 6.with the high housing price. How does it come 7.about that the housing price keeps rising? Some say that land is a scarce resource, which has resulted 8.in the high price. But I don't subscribe 9.to the viewpoint. Take a glance 10.at the more crowded streets, and you may find the reason. An increasing number of people are pouring in, many of whom, 11.on the whole, are very wealthy. Therefore, there is such a great demand for houses that the price will absolutely go 12.up．
C
There is little doubt 13.that graduates now have some difficulty finding suitable jobs. It takes patience, courage as well as determination 14.to get (get) a satisfying job. In the eyes of many employers, work experience 15.counts (count) most for a job hunter. Therefore, so long 16.as you are given an opportunity to have access to work experience, don't hesitate to seize it.
Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子
1．我的爱好广泛，包括读书、写日记、与朋友一起打球等等。(range)
I have a wide range of hobbies, including reading, keeping diary, playing balls with friends and so on.
2．生活中我们可能遇到许多的失败，但只要我们尽了自己的全力， 就没有必要为失败而后悔。(as long as)
In our life we may meet many failures. As long as we try our best, there is no need to feel regret for these failures.
3．对高三学生而言，毫无疑问时间是有限的，即使每一分钟都很宝贵。(doubt)
For senior three students，there is no doubt that time is very limited, even a minute is of great value.
4．即使有一天我一无所有，也不缺少从头再来的勇气。(even if)
Even if one day I have nothing to do, I also do not lack the courage to start again.
5．我的老师总是提醒我，一旦设定了学习目标，在任何情况下都不应该放弃。(circumstance)
My teacher always reminds me that under no circumstances should I abandon my learning goals once I set them.
课时作业B：能力层面
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·长沙市统一模拟)When she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders, Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier. But the glacier was gone, melted by the warming climate. Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she discovered the glacier wasn't there anymore.
Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change. And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson, a full-time lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell, US, an idea for a class.
This term, she taught students on the Bothell campus about the emotional burdens of environmental studies. She used the experiences of Native American tribes(部落), scientists and activists, and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fix—that “this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.”
Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic(怀疑论者). Then he did his own reading and research, and changed his mind.
Dillon wasn't going into environmental work—he was a computer-science major. Yet, the potential for a worldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a full-time volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration(恢复) projects.
Six months into the work, he decided that Atkinson's class was just what he was looking for—a place where he could discuss his concerns about a changing climate.
Atkinson said she hopes the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes.
“We are already changing the planet—so many species are going to be lost, displaced or massively impacted，” she said. “The future isn't going to be what they imagined.”
【语篇解读】 Fawn Sharp通过一次搭乘直升机飞行的经历认识到了冰川融化和环境污染问题的严重性，同时Jennifer Wren Atkinson决定给学生开设课程，教学生如何面对环境污染，她的课程让很多学生关注环境问题。
1．Why did the author mention the case of Fawn Sharp?
A．To lay a basis for Fawn Sharp's further research.
B．To prove Fawn Sharp's work is similar to Atkinson's.
C．To lead into the issue of loss caused by climate change.
D．To show scientists' concern about the Mount Anderson glacier.
C [推理判断题。通读第一段可知，Fawn Sharp在一次直升机飞行中意识到气候变化导致了冰川融化；由此可推知，作者在第一段中提及Fawn Sharp的例子是为了引出下文气候变化导致环境问题的话题，故选C。]
2．What's the main purpose of Atkinson's class?
A．To explore how different people deal with climate change.
B．To get students more concerned about the environmental issue.
C．To find solutions to the environmental issue of Olympic Mountains.
D．To teach students how to conduct research about environment.
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fix—that ‘this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.’”可知，她让她的24个学生面对这个事实——没有简单的解决方法，这是一个很难解决的问题，学生们将用他们的余生来解决这个问题。由此可知，Atkinson的课的目的是让学生更加关注环境问题，故选B。]
3．Which of the following best explains “intractable” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A．Simple. B．Difficult.
C．Common. D．Interesting.
B [词义猜测题。根据上文可知，Atkinson用美洲土著部落、科学家以及积极分子们的经历让她的24个学生面对这个事实——没有简单的解决方法，并结合该句“this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives”可知，这是一个如此困难的问题以至于学生们要用他们的余生来解决它，故选B。]
4．How did Atkinson's class influence Dillon?
A．It made him work as a part-time volunteer for restoration projects.
B．It made him realize a planet-wide climate disaster would happen.
C．It encouraged him to be more involved in environmental protection.
D．It discouraged him to work on restoration projects for the environment.
C [推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Six months into the work...discuss his concerns about a changing climate”可知，Dillon在环保组织做了六个月志愿者之后，他认为在Atkinson的课堂上他可以讨论他对气候变化的担忧；由此可推知，Atkinson的课鼓励Dillon参与环境保护，故选C。]
B
(2019·江西省三名校联考)It's thought that around 5 trillion pieces of plastic are currently floating in our oceans.
Both mammals and fish benefit from the clean ocean. It is reported that more than 8 million tons of plastic end up in our oceans every year, and nearly half of the plastic we produce is single-use only.
This shoe brand, however, is riding the wave of change and is on a mission to help clean up our waters and rid the sea of plastic bottles that can take up to 400 years to break down. Vivobarefoot's newest footwear uses recycled plastic materials and has created an education program that spreads awareness about how harmful plastic is for sea life.
Every pair of shoes is made up of 17 plastic water bottles taken from the ocean and turned into a sustainable, comfortable pair of shoes, which are also healthy for your feet. And while not everyone can take part in ocean cleanups, choosing little ways we can give back to our planet goes a long way.
Vivobarefoot's new products include a variety of high-performance styles such as casual sneakers, running shoes, and hiking boots. The brand hopes that its latest initiative(新方案) will help lessen the indifference to pollution and how harmful it is for all living beings.
In the future, Vivobarefoot hopes to increase their production of shoes created from sustainable materials, and thankfully, it is now one of many brands that aim to increase environmentalism and educate communities on how global warming affects everyone.
This year, they'll add more recyclable and traceable materials into more than half of their production line, and they have plenty of creative developments in the works as well.
The shoes also have a health benefit. Based on the concept that wider, minimally designed shoes enable our foot to fun_ction at maximum potential, wearers also experience better balance and sensory input.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了一家利用海洋中的废弃塑料瓶造鞋的公司。
5．How does the author make his point convincing?
A．By listing figures.
B．By telling a story.
C．By giving examples.
D．By making comparisons.
A [推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段所列举的数字可推知，作者是通过数字来增加说服力的，故选A。]
6．What is Vivobarefoot doing to help with the marine creatures?
A．Donating money to buy food for them.
B．Keeping the ocean free from plastic bottles.
C．Producing more shoes from sustainable materials.
D．Raising public awareness of recycling and reuse.
B [细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“This shoe brand, however, is riding the wave of change and is on a mission to help clean up our waters and rid the sea of plastic bottles that can take up to 400 years to break down”可知，这家公司是通过清除海洋塑料瓶来帮助海洋生物的，故选B。]
7．What is probably Vivobarefoot's operation philosophy?
A．Customer-focused.
B．Service-oriented.
C．Money-saving.
D．Environmentally-friendly.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Every pair of shoes is...a sustainable, comfortable pair of shoes”和第六段中的“it is now one of many brands that aim to increase environmentalism and educate communities on how global warming affects everyone”可推知，这家公司的经营理念是环保，故选D。]
8．What can we learn from the text?
A．Vivobarefoot's new products haven't been released.
B．Vivobarefoot is the most popular shoe brand in the world.
C．Vivobarefoot cares about not only its business but also public services.
D．Vivobarefoot is the first company to find the new fun_ction of waste materials.
C [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This year, they'll add more recyclable and traceable materials into more than half of their production line, and they have plenty of creative developments in the works as well”可推知，Vivobarefoot公司不仅仅关注生意，而且还关注公益服务，故选C。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2019·大连市一模)In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers found that super memorizers don't have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of information. 1 . Here are a few of their favorite tricks that can help you to remember things in your everyday life.
To Remember: New words
Technique: Change routine
In a study, a group of students studied a list of words in two separate sessions. Some studied in a messy room and some in a neat space. One group of students spent both sessions in the same room, while the other split the sessions between the two environments. During a test, the students who studied in multiple places remembered much more. 2 . That includes the time of day, the music in the background, whether you sit or stand, etc.
To Remember: Your PIN
Technique: Count it out
You could use your birthday, or your phone number, but identity thieves have a way of figuring those numbers out. 3 Write a four-word sentence, then count the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN”＝4223.
To Remember: Faces
Technique: Focus on noses
While some super memorizers specialize in associating names with faces, the memory palace technique doesn't work as well if the image of the face is changed in any way. Rather than focusing on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a person's nose. 4 ．
To Remember: Facts & figures
Technique: 5
To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one. If your exam is in a week, study today and then again in a day or two. If it's a month away, study today and then wait a week before your second session.
A．Value exams
B．Give yourself time
C．This allows you to take in their whole face
D．This brain structures are in fact the same as ours
E．Instead, try this tip from Dominic O'Brien, an eight-time World Memory Champion
F．The theory is that your brain links the words to the environment around you
G．Studies showed that varying other aspects of your environment can also help
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个有助于记忆的技巧。
1．D [根据上文中的“super memorizers don't have unusually large brain regions”可知，那些记忆达人并没有非常大的脑区域，他们的大脑结构实际上和我们的一样，故选D项。]
2．G [承接上文“During a test, the students who studied in multiple places remembered much more”，并与空后一句“ That includes the time of day, the music in the background, whether you sit or stand, etc”呼应可知，其他环境变化的方面对记忆也是有帮助的，这与本段介绍的技巧Change routine吻合，故选G项。]
3．E [根据空前一句“You could use...figuring those numbers out”和空处下文的内容可知，空处推荐了一种不同的方法，这与第一段中效仿记忆达人的有效记忆策略呼应，故选E项。]
4．C [根据本段的记忆主题Faces和空前一句“Rather than focusing on eyes...a person's nose”可知，通过集中注意力于一个人的鼻子可以让你记住一个人的整个面孔，故选C项。]
5．B [根据该段第一句“To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one”，并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，本段推荐的记忆技巧是给自己时间，故选B项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·重庆市七校联考)Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii. I hate to go to the beaches on 1.________(sun)weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand，cigarette butts(烟头) 2.________ (bury)in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean.
One thing that really annoys me is that I see 3.________(tour)who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place 4.________ it should stay—the trash can. Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 5.________ pretend that it's not there.
The dogs or the fish are not blame 6.________ it. It's our fault and we must blame 7.________ (we)．Everyone has to do his or her part 8.________(solve)this problem. It can't be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all，we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches. We could also from organizations that help clean up our beaches. More 9.________ (important), we need to start now before the beaches 10.________(damage) beyond repair.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讨论了海滩污染的问题。
1．sunny [考查词形转换。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词sunny修饰其后的名词weekends。]
2．buried [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，bury和其逻辑主语cigarette butts 构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。]
3．tourists [考查词形转换。结合定语从句的关系词who可知，此处的先行词为表示人的名词，且定语从句中的谓语动词为复数，故用名词复数形式。]
4．where [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the place，故填where。]
5．but [考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。]
6．for [考查介词。此处考查固定词组be to blame for sth.“对某事负有责任”，故用介词for。]
7．ourselves [考查代词。与句子主语we呼应，此处应用反身代词ourselves作动词blame的宾语。]
8．to solve [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式，表目的。]
9．importantly [考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词，甚至整个句子，在句子中作状语。故用副词importantly，修饰整个句子。]
10．are damaged [考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知， damage和主语the beaches之间是被动关系，根据该句中的“need”可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。]
