江苏省永丰初级中学七年级英语下册 Unit 4 Finding your way Grammar课件共55张PPT

(共55张PPT)
Finding your way
cage
across
inside
outside
above
below
sign
over
bench
n. 笼子，鸟笼
prep. 在…对面；穿过，横过
prep. 在…里面
prep. 在…外面
prep. 在…上面
prep. 在…下面
n. 指示牌
prep. 在…上面
n. 长椅
What can they see in Sunshine Zoo?
Talk about the animals in the zoo
Look! Here is _______ panda.
_______ panda is eating bamboo.
a
The
Millie sees _______ lion.
_______ lion is on a big cage.
a
The
They also see giraffe and_____ elephant.
giraffe has long neck.______ elephant has large ears. ears are like open fans
a
an
The
a
The
The
Using a, an and the
冠词
不定冠词
定冠词 ( the )
辅音音素之前
元音音素之前
a
an
判断一个单词用a还是用an，是根据其读音，而不是根据其首字母。以元音音素开头的词前用“an”，以辅音音素开头的词前“a” 。如：an hour, an apple, an elephant, a useful book等。
定冠词the用在名词前，后面一般跟前文中已经出现过的或说话双方都知道的人或物，表示特指。如：
the bookcase；the desk
在英语中，一个名词一般不单独使用，其前面常加冠词。冠词分为两种：不定冠词和定冠词。
定冠词的使用
1. 指上文提到过的人或物。如：
Lucy bought a new bike. The bike is
green.
2. 世界上独一无二的事物。如：
the sun the moon
3. 谈到彼此都知道的人或事物。如：
Open the door, please.
4. 序数词和形容词最高级前。如：
She is always the first to get to school.
5. 乐器名词前用。如：
play the piano play the violin
6. 定冠词与形容词连用表示一类人，加 在姓氏前面表示一家人。如：
the rich 有钱人
the Smiths 史密斯一家
7. 某些专用名词和习惯用语中用定冠
词。如:
the Great Wall
by the way

e.g. in the front …, in the morning, at the same time, in the centre of …
1. 第一次提到某人或某物时。
I have a book.
2. 泛指某一类的人或物。
A panda is very lovely.
不用冠词的情况
1. 专有名词/不可数名词前
2. 名词前已有this, that, each/every, some, any或物主代词
eg. China, Grade Two, Nanjing
listen to music, drink milk
3. 复数名词表示一类人或事物
eg. My parents are teachers.
I like cakes and bananas.
5. 星期、月份、季节、节日前
e.g. on Monday, in January, in summer, Today is Father’s Day.
6. 三餐和球类运动名称前
7. 一些固定短语中
e.g. by plane, go to school/work, after school, at midnight, at work
4. 称呼语或表示头衔的名词前
e.g. After lunch Aunt Lily came.
Mr. Lee was very polite.
Millie and Daniel are talking about the animals in the zoo. Complete their conversation with a, an or the. (P 47)
A
Millie: Let’s go to the Panda House first.
Daniel: Here we are. I can see ___ panda
there. It’s lying on the grass.
Millie: How cute! I really love pandas.
Look! There’s ___ baby panda.
It’s so small.
Daniel: Yes. ___ baby panda doesn’t
look like its mother.
a
a
The
Millie: Now let’s go to see some lions.
Daniel: Are ____ lions in ___ open area?
Millie: No, they aren’t. They’re in ___
very big cage.
Daniel: I see.
(Half an hour later)
Daniel: Millie, here’s ___ bridge. What
can you see across it?
Millie: Oh, ___ elephant is standing over
there.
Daniel: Let’s go across ___ bridge and see
____ elephant.
the
an
a
a
an
the
the
across作介词，既可表示静态的位置关系，意为“在……对面”，也可表示动态的移动方向，通常和一些表示“移动”的动词搭配使用，意为“从……穿过”。例如：
The hotel is just across the flower shop.
旅馆就在花店的对面。
It will take them two weeks to walk across the desert.
徒步穿过这片沙漠将会花费他们
两周的时间。
在需要的空格内填入冠词 a, an 或 the:

Where are ___ balls? Are they under ___chair?

--Who is that?
--_____ girl in ____ hat? I don’t know.

3. I have ____ apple. It’s in my bag. Can you see ____ apple?

4. This is ____ bag.____ bag is under ____ desk.

5. Look at ____ map. It’s ___ map of ___ China.

6. Are they _____ twins? Yes, they are.
the
the
The
an
a
The
the
a
the
a
/
/
the
Exercises
7. We are in _____ same school. But John is ____
American boy.

8. We must be polite to _____ old.

9. _____ moon goes around _____ sun.

10. Who is ____ first one to come here?

11. She goes to school by ____ bike, but yesterday
she went here in ____ car.

12. It’s ____ useful book. He is ____ unhappy boy.

13. ______ Smiths are having supper at home now.
the
The
a
the
an
/
the
a
The
the
an
— Why do you like Mary?
— Because she is _____ honest girl.
A. a B. an C. the
— How was _____ dinner at Mike’s house?
— It was great. Mike’s mum is _____
wonderful cook.
A. a, the B. the, a
C. the, the D. a, an
介词(Preposition)
定义：
介词又叫 ，是一种虚词。介词是一种用来表示词与词，或者词与句之间的关系的词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词一定要有宾语，充当宾语的一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其它词、短语或句子，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。
前置词
1.The book on the table is mine.
2. We have breakfast at seven.
…
The boy is driving
_________ the road.
along
along prep. 沿着
They enjoy running along the river.
他们喜欢沿着河跑步。
The girl wants to climb _____ the tree to catch the bird.
up
But can she climb _____ the tree?
down
up prep. 沿…向上
down prep. 沿…向下
Hobo is walking ___________ the table.
around/round prep.
围绕，在…周围
around/round
The girl is jumping ________ the table.
over
over prep. 越过
Eddie is ________ ______ the chair.
over
jumping
过桥
go/walk _______ the bridge
across
He will climb over the wall and leave the garden.
他将爬过墙离开花园。
The train is going
_______ the tunnel.
through
through prep. (从内部)穿过
The football field is the lake.
next to prep. 在…隔壁
next to
The girl is the shop.
beside
beside prep. 在…旁边
我家就在我们学校附近。
My home is beside our school.
He is two hills.
between
between prep. 在……之间
The dog is between the boxes.
The No. 40 bus goes _______ Sanshan Street ______Yueyuan Residential Quarters.
from
to
from prep. 从…
to prep. 到…
from … to …
从…到…
The bee flies ________ the flower.
into
Father Christmas comes
__________ the chimney.
out of
into prep. 到…里面
out of 到…外面
Simon is swimming ______ the pool.
Sandy is going_____ the library.
A train is going _____ a tunnel.
Sandy
Simon
Talk about the following pictures with prepositions.
across
to
through
Millie is walking _______ the road.
Kitty is climbing ______ the hill.
Hobo is walking _______ the table.
Millie
Kitty
along
up
around
Eddie is jumping ______ the chair.
Daniel is walking _______the stairs.
Amy is walking_______ the sofa ___ the window.
Amy
Daniel
over
down
from
to
inside
outside
on
over/above
in front of
behind
on the left of
on the right of
under/below
beside/next to
Can you fill in the blanks with these prepositions.
1. There is a face _____ the desk.
2. The moon is ______ the desk.
3. The sun is ______ the desk.
4. I can see a star ______ the desk.
5. There is a tree ____ the desk.
desk
over
above
under
below
on
The flowers are of the shop.
The trees are the shop.
The shopkeeper is the shop.
in front of
behind
inside
The boy is of the shop.
The food is the drinks.
The sign is the bench.
The dog is the bench.
outside
above
over
under
There’s a beautiful lake in the park. Look! Two boys are rowing a boat ___ the lake. _____________ the lake there’s a football field. Some boys are playing football ___ it. __________ the football field, there are two trees. On the left, a bird is singing ___ one tree. On the right, two boys are sitting ______ the other tree. ________ the two trees, three girls are chatting ___ the bench.
on
Next to/Beside
on
In front of
in
under
Between
on
Sandy goes to the park every weekend. Look at the picture below and complete her description with the correct prepositions of place. (P 48)
B
The old man is in front of the bus. (在……外部的前面)
The little girl is behind the bus. (在……外部的后面)
at: 在……处，一般指较小的比较具体的地点。
over －under above － below
inside － outside in front of － behind
on the left (of) － on the right (of)
next to , beside, in the middle of,
in the centre of
in, on, at, near,
between…and ..., in the front of
表示方位的介词
在必要的地方用a, an, the填空。
1. Where is Peter? He isn’t at ___ school.
2. There is ___ orange in the fridge.
3. ____ pencil on the desk belongs to
Sandy.
4. I have __ new bike. I clean ___ bike
every day.
an
The
a
the
×
5. Dad often goes fishing in ____ summer.
6. A: Can I help you?
B: I’m looking for ___ pair of shoes.
7. The students often go to school by ______ bike.
8. Who is good at playing ______
football in your class?
9. _____ boy in a red coat is my cousin.
×
a
×
×
The
10. I live on ____ third floor.
11. There is ___ “h”, ___ “o”, ___ “u” in the word “hour”.
12. Simon likes to play ____ piano but he doesn’t like to play ___ basketball.
13. Beijing is ____ capital of China.
the
the
the
×
a
an
an
1. —Mum, I want to buy ___ new toy car.
—But ____ old one is still running, isn’t
it?
A. the; the B. the; a
C. a; the D. a; an
2.We have ____ breakfast at home every
day.
A. / B. a C. the D. An
I. Choose the best answer.
3. Look at the wall. There are some
pictures ______ it.
A. in B. on
C. to D. at
4. We can see a playground ____ the
two tall buildings.
A. between B. among C. in
5. — Why are you standing, Alice?
— I can't see the blackboard clearly.
Two tall boys are sitting ____ me.
A. behind B. next to
C. between D. in front of
6. Mrs. King put a coat ___ the sleeping
girl to keep her warm.
A. over B. with
C. behind D. beside
II. Complete the passage with a, an or the.
Last year during summer, Tony took a
flight on __ small airplane. ___ people on ___ airplane were from Beijing. They
were going to visit their relatives in ___
north of China for ___ Spring Festival.
___ airplane went through ___ clouds
a
The
the
the
the
The
the
up into ___ sky. Tony could see ___ lakes, cities and mountains. ___ flight took __ hour. Afterwards, Tony took __ photo of ___ airplane. Even though it was only __ short flight, Tony says it was one of ___ most interesting trips he has ever had.
the
the
The
an
a
the
a
the
III. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions.
1. Helen sits in front of me. I sit b_____ her. 　　 　
2. He lifted his hands a_____ his head.
3. Don’t write b_____ the line (横线). You
should write above it.
4. There is a lamp hanging (悬挂) o_____　　 　
my desk.
5. Our school is o___ the left of Central
Park.
6. Don’t wait o______. Come in.
It is so cold.
behind
above
below
over
on
outside
Words:
across inside outside above
below sign over bench cage
Phrases:
lie on the grass look like
in an open area across the bridge
in front of on the left/right
chat on the bench