江苏省南通市2018-2019学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 （无听力题含解析）
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江苏省南通市2018-2019学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分 省略）
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Tate Modern，London，UK
Together with three other Tate museums. Tate Modern located in London is a national museum of international音 modern art. It is one of the largest museums of modern and contemporary art in the world. Most of the exhibit items are open to the public for free，only charging for major temporary（临时的）exhibitions.
The Musee du Louvre，Paris，France
It is the world's largest and most visited art museum and a historical land mark of Paris. Housed in the Louvre Palace，the museum has been added to many times since its opening in 1793. Its glass pyramid in the main courtyard was designed by Chinese American architect Ieoh Ming Pei，and it later became a signature design of the museum. appearing in the hit thriller The Da Vinci Code starring Tom Hanks and Audrey Tautou.
National Museum of China, Beijing, China
Near Tiananmen Square in Beijing, it's one of the largest museums in the world and the second-most visited art museum in the world, just after the Musee du Louvre.
Covering a time span from the Yuanmou Man of 1.7 million years ago to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the museum houses around 1. 05 million items-and many cannot be found in museums elsewhere.
State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia
The State Hermitage Museum is the second-largest art museum in the world. The public can visit five of the main buildings: the Winter Palace, Small Hermitage, Old Hermitage, New Hermitage and Hermitage Theatre.
Frequently seen in pop culture. it often appears as a setting for films. TV series, novels and even video games.
1. Tate Modem, London, UK is attractive partly in that.
A. it is a national museum with three branches
B. entry to most of its exhibitions is free of charge
C. its exhibitions range from ancient art to modern art
D. visitors can purchase some wonderful exhibit items
2. What do we know about The Musee du Louvre?
A. It often serves as a setting for films.
B. It slays the same as it was when first built.
C. It is the most visited art museum in the world.
D. It was designed by a Chinese American architect.
3. Which museum displays unique items from the Yuanmou Man?
A. Tate Modern. London, UK.
B. The Musee du Louvre, Paris, France.
C. National Museum of China, Beijing. China.
D. State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia.
B
Grandparents are respected in many human societies. But telling stories about old times and overfeeding grandchildren seem like human qualities. Are these classic grandparent behaviors really limited to humans？
Do any animals know their grandparents the way people do?
For most species on Earth，the answer is certainly “No”. "Usually，there aren't grandparents around anymore when an animal is born，"said Mirkka Lahdenpera，a biologist at the University of Turku in Finland. "Even if an animal's life span does overlap（重叠）with its grandparents'，most species spread out to avoid competing for resources，so the chance of running into a grandparent is slim. "
But there are a few clear exceptions，primarily among mammals（哺乳动物）that live in close social groups. In troops of langur monkeys in India，older females lived together with their daughters and grandchildren. The grandmother langurs defend the group's babies against attacks and even give their own grandchildren special treatment.
Many whale species，too，travel in family groups that include both grandmothers and grandchildren.
Elephant herds are also famously matriarchal. They are led by a grandmother，who can live to around 80 years old，and are generally made up of her daughters and their young. The females in a herd form close bonds and work together to raise their young.
Lahdenper found that the babies of young mothers were eight times more likely to survive if their grandmothers lived near them than if they didn't. When the young mothers were older and more experienced at raising babies，this beneficial grandmother effect disappeared even if the actual grandmothers were still around.
Indeed，most evidence for the benefits of grand parenting comes from mammals. But in 2010，researchers found that in troops of insects called gall-forming aphids，older females defend their relatives after they've stopped reproducing（繁殖）.
And what about grandfathers？Studies of humans in recent decades have shown that a living grandfather can improve a person's mental health and other indicators of well-being. But there's no evidence of that in the animal kingdom. Male animals rarely socialize with their own children，let alone any grandchildren.
4. From what Mirkka Lahdenpera said, we can learn that___________.
A. an animal is not very likely to meet a grandparent
B. an animal is taken away from its grandparents at birth
C. animals' grandparents move away to avoid responsibility
D. animals' grandparents often fail in competition for resources
5. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 indicates that._________.
A. elephants have a high level of intelligence
B. elephants enjoy an equal and fair social system
C. elephants are the largest land animals with a long life
D. elephants live in social groups with females in charge
6. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Insects still able to reproduce will defend their relatives.
B. Animals' beneficial grandmother effect will exist forever.
C. Animals can be mentally healthier with their grandfathers.
D. Male animals seldom spend time with their grandchildren.
7. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Do any animals know their grandparents?
B. Do any animals respect their grandparents?
C. How do animals live with their grandparents?
D. How do animals socialize with their grandparents?
C
Recognized as "the goddess scientist"，Ning Yan（or Nieng Yan），42，is a leading biology researcher at Princeton University in the US. On April 30，she was included among 100new members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences，a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US.
Yan is a rising star in the science world and her resume（履历）is impressive. After graduating from Tsinghua University and Princeton，she was invited to set up her own laboratory at Tsinghua in 2007. At age 30，she became one of China's youngest-ever female professors.
It was a long road to get where she is now. She told People magazine that she always believes that scientists need to have a pure mind and determination.
Yan likes to work at night，because she can focus when the outside is quiet. She also works at least 14 hours a day，but she's energetic，because research is the most "comfortable” job for her，according to an interview with People magazine.
This devotion to her work probably helped Yan in her research to identify the structures of proteins in cells' plasma membranes，which puzzled scientists for half a century. Her achievements got her listed among the journal Nature's Science Stars of China in 2016.
Yan also enjoys TV dramas and classic novels. Surprisingly，the novel Journey to the West inspired her to become a structural biologist. In the book，the Monkey King turns into other animals. She wondered what it would be like to change herself. Luckily. Yan now lives in that world every day，exploring how proteins work at the level of atoms. “It was almost destined（命中注定的）that I would become a structural biologist，"she said in an interview with Nature.
As she realizes her own dreams，Yan tries to encourage more women to follow careers（职业）in science. In her eyes，there is no difference between men and women in the scientific fields.
“Women can work as excellently as men and live the way they choose to，"she said in a public interview.
8. What made Ning Yan become a member of the National Academy of Sciences？
A. Her social background. B. Her impressive wisdom.
C. Her first-class education. D. Her outstanding research.
9. Which of the following played a role in Yan becoming a structural biologist？
A. People magazine.
B. Journey to the West.
C. The journal Nature.
D. Science Stars of China.
10. Ning Yan would probably agree that_________
A. scientists can win success by working at night
B. women can match men in scientific achievements
C. more women should be allowed to take up science
D. scientists should enjoy TV dramas and classic novels
11. What can we learn from Ning Yan's story?
A. It is never too late to learn.
B. Many hands make light work.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.
D
San Francisco has decided that its city government workers can't use computer programs that recognize faces. It is the first US city to take such a strong step to keep this technology under control.
When a computer system identifies a person from their face in a picture，it's called “facial recognition". Many police departments use facial recognition. It can be helpful when police just have a picture of a suspect（嫌疑犯）. but no other information. Normally，even with facial recognition，police must have other proof showing that a person is guilty.
But many people say facial recognition programs aren't good enough yet. The programs can usually recognize white men. But they're not so good at identifying women and people with darker skin. They worry that "false matches"-when the computer thinks it has identified a person，but it's wrong-will make innocent people look like criminals.
For companies like Amazon and Microsoft，facial recognition is a big business. Amazon has worked hard to sell their facial recognition program to police departments around the US. Microsoft sells tools that allow prisons to watch people inside.
To work well，facial recognition programs must have a great number of pictures of people. But most people whose pictures are in the systems never gave permission（许可）for their pictures to be used.
Many people worry that using computers to identify or track people will decrease freedom. Now，in many places，facial recognition is used to keep people under control and much of public life is watched on security cameras. Similarly，many cities in America and Europe are also almost completely covered by security cameras. Police officers now often wear cameras on their bodies，recording all the time. It's usually not clear when governments are using facial recognition and how they are using it.
Facial recognition is already being used at airports throughout Europe and in the US. The Department of Homeland Security expects to have pictures of 97%of the people flying out of the country in the next four years.
As these powerful computer programs become more common, San Francisco's move to control facial recognition is an unusual and strong move to limit the way governments use computers to watch and control people.
12. Why do people worry about facial recognition programs?
A. They cannot multiply people's responsibility.
B. They cannot help police identify good people.
C. They will mistake innocent people for bad people.
D. They will identify black people instead of white people.
13. How can facial recognition programs fun_ction effectively?
A. Companies should work with each other.
B. People should have more pictures taken.
C. They should include as many pictures as possible.
D. Police departments and prisons should be under control.
14. What makes people feel their freedom is on the decrease?
A. There are police everywhere.
B. A lot of security cameras are used.
C. More people are forced to stay at home.
D. Governments focus more on facial recognition.
15. What's San Francisco's attitude towards government workers using facial recognition?
A. Disapproving. B. Supportive.
C. Doubtful. D. Optimistic.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An apology is an expression of regret for something you've done wrong，and serves as a way to repair a relationship after that wrongdoing. We all need to learn how to apologize._____16_____We all make mistakes，and we all have the ability to hurt people. It isn't always easy to apologize，but it's the most effective way to regain trust and balance in a relationship. Here is a four-step framework that you can use when you make an apology.
Every apology needs to start with two magic words: "I'm sorry," or “I apologize." This is essential because these words express regret over your actions. Your words need to be sincere. Be honest about why you want to apologize. _____17_____Apologize as soon as you realize that you've wronged someone else.
Next，admit responsibility for your actions or behavior. Here，you need to understand the person you wronged, and show that you understand how you made her feel.____18____ Instead, simply try to put yourself in that person's shoes and imagine how she felt.
___19___When you do so, you take action to make the situation right. For example" If there's anything that I can do to make this up to you, please just ask. "Think carefully about this step. Empty promises will do more harm than good. Because you feel guilty, you might give more than what's appropriate.
Your last step is to explain that you won't repeat the action or behavior. This step is important because you promise that you' re going to change your behavior. This helps you rebuild trust and repair the relationship.____20____ If you promise to change your behavior, but don't follow through, others will question your reputation and your trustworthiness.
A. Don't make assumptions.
B. After all, no one is perfect.
C. Timeliness is also important here.
D. Make up for the damage that was done.
E. We all need to learn how to forgive and forget.
F. You should try to see things from that person's angle.
G. Make sure that you keep your word in the days to come.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Kate and David Ogg heard the words every parent fears: Their newborn wasn't going to make it. Their twins-a girl and a boy-were born two minutes apart. Doctors had____21____ to save the boy for 20 minutes but saw no ____22____ His heartbeat was nearly gone，and he'd stopped_____23_____The baby had just moments to live.
“I saw him gasp（喘气），but the doctor said it was no use，"said Kate years later. “I know it sounds_____24_____，but if he was still gasping，that was a_____25_____ of life. I wasn't going to give up easily. "
____26____ ，the Sydney couple knew this was likely goodbye. In a（n） _____27_____to treasure her last minutes with the tiny boy，Kate asked to______28______him. They had to accept the fact that they were going to___29___him，and they were just trying to______30______those last，precious moments.
Kate______31______the hospital blanket from the boy，whom the couple had already named Jamie，and ordered David to take his shirt off and______32______them in bed. The first-time parents wanted their son to be as______33______ as possible and hoped the skin-to-skin contact would improve his ______34______ They also talked to him. They explained his name and that he had a______35______ that he had to look out for. Then something amazing happened. Jamie gasped again-and then he started breathing. Finally，he ______36______for his father's finger. The couple's lost boy had ______37______it.
Eight years later，Jamie and his sister，Emily，are happy and healthy. The Oggs only recently told the kids the story of their______38______. Emily burst into tears. She was really_____39_____，and she kept hugging（拥抱）Jamie. This whole ______40______makes the couple treasure them more.
21. A. managed B. paused C. prepared D. tried
22. A. improvement B. association C. challenge D. conflict
23. A. smiling B. crying C. breathing D. eating
24. A. stupid B. inspiring C. amazing D. terrible
25. A. basis B. cycle C. sign D. value
26. A. Also B. Still C. Therefore D. Otherwise
27. A. effort B. position C. attitude D. hurry
28. A. relax B. hold C. comfort D. secure
29. A. monitor B. tend C. forget D. lose
30. A. get away from B. catch up with C. keep an eye on D. make the most of
31. A. removed B. discouraged C. protected D. collected
32. A. shake B. find C. join D. place
33. A. cheerful B. fearless C. safe D. warm
34. A. statue B. condition C. nature D. quality
35. A. brother B. cousin C. daughter D. twin
36. A. reached B. headed C. waited D. stood
37. A. meant B. caught C. got D. made
38. A. education B. friendship C. birth D. growth
39. A. distant B. upset C. embarrassed D. confused
40. A. experience B. project C. impression D. situation
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is true that a movie has some influence on society. Perhaps movies will have_____41_____ （great）effects than other media.
The movie has certainly some clear ____42____（advantage）over other media. It combines audio and video and thus ____43____ （appeal）to the eyes and the ears. Also，the viewers can experience feelings in the course of events and the roles of ______44______（variety）characters. And the values expressed through movies can affect the audience for a long time. For example，movies _____45_____ My Name is Khan are not just family dramas（家庭剧）. They show true emotions and encourage simple regular things，such as_____46_____love）your parents and being friendly to others.
The realization of this fact is，perhaps，the reason for setting up a committee ____47____ examines all the scenes with bad influences. For example，in recent years_____48_____use of cigarettes or smoking in movies____49____（attract）the attention of the committee. After watching movies with such scenes，teenagers are likely___50___（encourage）to take it up as a cool thing to do. Therefore，creating in the minds of children a hate for false values is important.
第四部分写作（共三节，满分45分）
第一节
句子翻译
51. 很多人被活埋了，城市也被掩埋（so）
52. 世界人口比1800年增长了六倍。（what）
53. 虽然学生们觉得士兵的想法有趣，但这一方法太难不实用。（be of+名词）
54. 谈及广告，我们都必须运用自己的智慧，不要做广告的奴隶！（come to）
55. Hannah一定是在承诺不告诉他人之后将我的成绩告诉了我的同学们。（must）
第二节
56.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My brother Julian，a fan of Yao Ming，is good at playing basketball.
As a boy，he was committed to practise it. Sometimes he even invited me to play for him，and often he defeats me. After going to middle school，he was chosen captain of the school team，it really made him very proud. They were even won a few championships. His teammates all considered himself to be a friendly and skillfully player.
Now he is learning business administration in famous university in Germany. Look back on the past，he still thinks of playing basketball as one of his favorite hobby in his life.
第三节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，近期学校将举办“中英文诗歌秀”（Chinese and English Poetry Show）活动。请给你的留学生朋友Susan写一封邮件，邀请她来参加。内容包括：
1. 活动的时间和地点；
2. 活动的内容和目的；
3. 请她提出建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。分别介绍了四个博物馆的具体情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Most of the exhibit items are open to the public for free，only charging for major temporary exhibitions.（大部分展品都是免费向公众开放的，只对大型临时展览收费。）可知英国伦敦Tate Modem美术馆之所以吸引人，部分原因在于它的大部分展览都是免费的。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句It is the world's largest and most visited art museum and a historical land mark of Paris.（它是世界上最大、参观人数最多的艺术博物馆，也是巴黎的历史地标。）可知The Musee du Louvre是世界上参观人数最多的艺术博物馆。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三部分中Covering a time span from the Yuanmou Man of 1.7 million years ago to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the museum houses around 1.05 million items-and many cannot be found in museums elsewhere.（从170万年前的元牟人到清朝(1644-1911)，故宫博物院收藏了105万件文物，其中许多在其他地方的博物馆都找不到。）可知National Museum of China, Beijing. China. 展出元谋人的独特物品。故选C。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。对于地球上的大多数物种来说，动物并不像人类一样了解它们的祖父母。而大多数证据表明，父母教养子女的益处来自哺乳动物。而在动物界雄性动物很少与自己的孩子交往，更不用说孙辈了。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中most species spread out to avoid competing for resources, so the chance of running into a grandparent is slim. （大多数物种分散开来是为了避免争夺资源，所以与祖父母相遇的几率很小。）可知根据Mirkka Lahdenpera所说的话，我们可以知道动物不太可能遇到祖父母。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据下文They are led by a grandmother, who can live to around 80 years old, and are generally made up of her daughters and their young.（他们由一位能活到80岁左右的祖母带领，通常由她的女儿和她们的孩子组成。）可知大象生活在一个由雌性负责的社会群体中。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句Male animals rarely socialize with their own children, let alone any grandchildren.（雄性动物很少与自己的孩子交往，更不用说孙辈了。）可知雄性动物很少花时间和他们的孙子孙女在一起。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段Do any animals know their grandparents the way people do?（有动物像人类一样了解它们的祖父母吗?）以及文章主要内容为讨论动物界父母、孩子和祖辈的关系可知A选项最符合文章标题。故选A。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了被公认为“女神科学家”宁颜(或Nieng Yan), 在4月30日,被列入100年新成员和25个外国同事进入美国国家科学院,一个著名的科研机构,旨在表彰在美国有杰出研究成果的人员。
8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中On April 30, she was included among 100new members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences, a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US.（4月30日，她成为美国国家科学院的100名新成员和25名外国同事之一。美国国家科学院是一家旨在表彰美国杰出研究成果的著名科学机构。）可知是Ning Yan杰出的研究成果让她成为了美国国家科学院的一员。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第二句Surprisingly, the novel Journey to the West inspired her to become a structural biologist.（严还喜欢电视剧和经典小说。令人惊讶的是，小说《西游记》激励她成为一名结构生物学家。）可知是《西游记》激励她成为一名结构生物学家。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句In her eyes, there is no difference between men and women in the scientific fields.（在她看来，在科学领域，男人和女人没有什么区别。）可知Ning Yan可能会同意，女性在科学成就上可以与男性匹敌。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中She told People magazine that she always believes that scientists need to have a pure mind and determination.（她在接受《人物》杂志采访时表示，她一直认为科学家需要有一个纯洁的头脑和决心。）可推知我们从Ning Yan的故事中能了解到世上无难事，只怕有心人。故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题解题方法
细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。
做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。经常有新技术对将来人们工作和生活不良影响的预测，但事实证明结果并不是那样，我们有必要否定预测，以减少人们的恐惧。
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。
如第一小题，根据第一段中On April 30, she was included among 100new members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences, a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US.（4月30日，她成为美国国家科学院的100名新成员和25名外国同事之一。美国国家科学院是一家旨在表彰美国杰出研究成果的著名科学机构。）可知是Ning Yan杰出的研究成果让她成为了美国国家科学院的一员。故选D。
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。当计算机系统根据照片中的人脸来识别一个人时，它被称为“面部识别”。许多警察部门使用面部识别技术。而旧金山决定市政府工作人员不能使用识别人脸的电脑程序，旨在限制政府使用计算机监视和控制人们的方式。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句They worry that "false matches"-when the computer thinks it has identified a person, but it's wrong-will make innocent people look like criminals.（他们担心“虚假匹配”——当电脑认为它已经识别出一个人，但这是错误的——会让无辜的人看起来像罪犯。）可知人们担心面部识别程序会把无辜的人误认为坏人。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第一句To work well, facial recognition programs must have a great number of pictures of people.（为了更好地工作，面部识别程序必须有大量的人的照片。）可知面部识别程序应该包括尽可能多的图片来有效运作。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中Many people worry that using computers to identify or track people will decrease freedom. Now, in many places, facial recognition is used to keep people under control and much of public life is watched on security cameras. Similarly, many cities in America and Europe are also almost completely covered by security cameras.（许多人担心使用计算机来识别或跟踪人会减少自由。现在，在许多地方，面部识别被用来控制人们，很多公共生活被监控在安全摄像头上。同样，美国和欧洲的许多城市也几乎完全被监控摄像头覆盖。）可知大量的安全摄像头的使用让人们感到他们的自由在减少。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段San Francisco has decided that its city government workers can't use computer programs that recognize faces.（旧金山决定市政府工作人员不能使用识别人脸的电脑程序。）以及最后一段中San Francisco's move to control facial recognition is an unusual and strong move to limit the way governments use computers to watch and control people.（旧金山控制面部识别的举措是一个不同寻常的、强有力的举措，旨在限制政府使用计算机监视和控制人们的方式。）可推知旧金山对使用面部识别的政府工作人员持反对态度。故选A。
【答案】16. B 17. C
18. A 19. D
20. G
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。道歉并不总是件容易的事，但这是在一段关系中重新获得信任和平衡的最有效方式。文章因此说明了道歉的四步框架。
【16题详解】
根据下文We all make mistakes, and we all have the ability to hurt people.（我们都会犯错，我们都有伤害别人的能力。）可知是在强调没有人是完美的，每个人都会犯错。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下文Apologize as soon as you realize that you've wronged someone else.（你一意识到你错怪了别人时，就马上道歉。）可知是在强调道歉要及时，时机也很重要。故C选项符合上下文语境。
【18题详解】
根据下文Instead, simply try to put yourself in that person's shoes and imagine how she felt.（相反，试着设身处地为她着想，想象她的感受。）中instead可知上文与下文意思相反，可知上文应表示不要做假设，而是设身处地为别人着想。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据下文For example" If there's anything that I can do to make this up to you, please just ask. "（例如，“如果我能做些什么来补偿你，请尽管开口。”）中make this up可对应到D选项“Make up for the damage that was done.（弥补所造成的损失。）”符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据下文If you promise to change your behavior, but don't follow through, others will question your reputation and your trustworthiness.（如果你承诺要改变自己的行为，但没有做到，别人会质疑你的声誉和可信度。）可知在强调要信守承诺。故选G。
【点睛】阅读理解之七选五解题方法
一、总体方法
先确定出题的位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。
二、根据出题位置的不同，说说各自不同的解题方法。
1、出题位置设在段首
1）查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
2）锁定关键词，然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。
如第四小题，根据下文For example" If there's anything that I can do to make this up to you, please just ask. "（例如，“如果我能做些什么来补偿你，请尽管开口。”）中make this up可对应到D选项“Make up for the damage that was done.（弥补所造成的损失。）”符合语境。故选D。
2、出题位置在段落中
比较上下文的关键词来锁定答案
阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词，阅读五个空白的前后句，并将前后句中的解题线索，即关键词标记下来。关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组），专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等；阅读各个选项，尤其是选项的首句，标记关键词；比较并匹配上述两类关键词，确定答案；将确定的答案代入原文，看读起来是否通顺。
3、出题位置在段尾
这个时候，空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，大家要重点阅读以锁定关键词。
1） 要注意在选项中查找表示结果的、结论、总结等的关键词，如：therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, in a word等，另外大家也要知道，选项中也可以发现前文的同义词语。
2）如果与前文是转折或对比关系。大家就要注意在选项中寻找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立对比关系。
3）如果所选答案是引出下一段的内容
在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一对双胞胎出生时, 医生告诉他们的父母男孩难以存活, 只有几分钟的时间了。而男孩的父母并没有放弃, 并在最后抱了他, 结果男孩奇迹般地重新开始呼吸, 并幸存了下来的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生们试图挽救这个男孩20分钟，但没有看到任何好转。A. managed管理；设法；B. paused暂停；C. prepared准备；D. tried尝试。根据下文to save the boy for 20 minutes可知医生试图挽救这个男孩，短语try to do sth.“试图做某事”，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生们试图挽救这个男孩20分钟，但没有看到任何好转。A. improvement好转；B. association协会；C. challenge挑战；D. conflict冲突。根据上文but saw no可知没有看到任何好转。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的心跳几乎停止，呼吸也停止了。A. smiling微笑；B. crying哭泣；C. breathing呼吸；D. eating吃。根据上文His heartbeat was nearly gone可知心跳停止了，呼吸也停止了。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这听起来很蠢，但如果他还在喘气，那就是生命的迹象。A. stupid愚蠢的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. amazing惊异的；D. terrible糟糕的。母亲认为自己的想法听起来很蠢。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道这听起来很蠢，但如果他还在喘气，那就是生命的迹象。A. basis基础；B. cycle循环；C. sign迹象；D. value价值。根据上文if he was still gasping可知他还在喘气，那就是生命的迹象。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：不过，这对悉尼夫妇知道这可能是告别。A. Also也；B. Still不过；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文the Sydney couple knew this was likely goodbye可知不过，这对夫妇知道这可能是告别，可知选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯特试图珍惜和小男孩在一起的最后几分钟，凯特要求抱着他。A. effort努力；B. position位置；C. attitude态度；D. hurry匆忙。根据下文to treasure her last minutes with the tiny boy可知凯特试图珍惜和小男孩在一起的最后几分钟，短语in an effort to do sth.“试图要；企图”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯特要求抱着他。A. relax放松；B. hold抱；握住；C. comfort安慰；D. secure安全的。孩子是婴儿只能是抱住。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不接受他们将要失去他的事实，他们只是想充分利用那些最后的珍贵时刻。A. monitor监控；B. tend趋向；C. forget忘记；D. lose失去。根据上文可知男孩将要死去，因此他们要失去他了。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们不得不接受他们将要失去他的事实，他们只是想充分利用那些最后的珍贵时刻。A. get away from远离；B. catch up with赶上；C. keep an eye on留意；D. make the most of尽量利用。根据下文those last, precious moments可知是充分利用最后的时刻。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯特从男孩身上取下医院的毯子，并命令大卫脱掉衬衫，和他们一起躺在床上。A. remove去掉；取下；B. discouraged 阻止；C. protected保护；D. collected收集。根据下文the hospital blanket from the boy可知是取下毯子。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯特从男孩身上取下医院的毯子，并命令大卫脱掉衬衫，和他们一起躺在床上。A. shake摇晃；B. find找到；C. join加入；D. place放置。根据下文them in bed.可知凯特是让大卫加入他们，短语join sb.“加入某人；和某人一起”，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次做父母的希望他们的儿子尽可能的温暖，并希望这种肌肤接触能改善他的身体状况。A. cheerful快乐的；B. fearless无畏的；C. safe安全的；D. warm温暖的。怀抱中应该是温暖的。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一次做父母的希望他们的儿子尽可能的温暖，并希望这种肌肤接触能改善他的身体状况。A. statue雕像；B. condition条件；状况；C. nature自然；D. quality质量。根据上文hoped the skin-to-skin contact would improve his可知他们希望这种肌肤接触能改善他的身体状况（condition），故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们解释了他的名字，说他有一个双胞胎姐妹，他必须照顾好。A. brother兄弟；B. cousin表亲；C. daughter女儿；D. twin双胞胎。根据上文Their twins-a girl and a boy-were born two minutes apart.可知是双胞胎。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他伸手去抓父亲的手指。A. reached到达；B. headed朝向；C. waited等待；D. stood站。根据下文for his father's finger可知他伸手去抓父亲的手指。短语reach for“伸手去拿”，故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇失去的儿子成功了。A. meant意味着；B. caught抓住；C. got得到；D. made制作；成功。根据上文可知儿子重新呼吸，活过来了，短语make it“成功；达到”，故选D。
38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到最近，奥格斯才给孩子们讲述了他们出生的故事。A. education教育；B. friendship友谊；C. birth出生；D. growth成长。故事发生在出生时，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她真的很难过，一直抱着杰米。A. distant遥远的；B. upset心烦的；难过的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文Emily burst into tears.可知她很难过，故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这整个经历让这对夫妇更加珍惜他们。A. experience经历；B. project项目；C. impression印象；D. situation情况。根据下文makes the couple treasure them more可推测这次挽救Jamie的经历让这对夫妇更加珍惜他们的子女。故选A。
【答案】41. greater
42. advantages
43. appeals
44. various
45. like 46. loving
47. which/that
48. the 49. has attracted
50. to be encouraged
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了电影中所表达出的价值观对社会可能产生的一些好的或不好的影响。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：也许电影会比其他媒体有更大的影响。根据下文than other media可知应填形容词比较级。故填greater。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：与其他媒体相比, 这部电影当然有一些明显的优势。advantage为可数名词由some修饰故填复数形式advantages。
【43题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：它结合了音频和视频, 因此吸引了眼睛和耳朵。本句主语为it, 且与combines构成并列谓语, 故用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式appeals。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同时, 观众也可以在事件的过程中, 体验到各种角色的感受。根据下文characters为名词可知应填形容词修饰, 故填various。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如, 像《我的名字叫可汗》这样的电影不仅仅是家庭剧。根据句意可知表示“像……；比如”应填like。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们表现出真实的情感, 鼓励一些简单的事情, 比如爱你的父母和对他人友好。根据上文as为介词后跟动名词做宾语, 故填loving。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句连接词。句意：认识到这一事实也许是设立一个委员会来审查所有有不良影响的场景的原因。本句为定语从句修饰先行词committee, 且先行词在从句中做主语, 指物, 故填which/that。
【48题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：例如, 近年来, 香烟的使用或在电影中吸烟引起了委员会的注意。use表示“使用；用途”, 此处表示特指“香烟的使用”故填定冠词the。
【49题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。根据上文in recent years可知应用现在完成时, 主语为单数, 故填has attracted。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：看完有这类场景的电影后, 青少年很可能会被鼓励把它当作一件很酷的事情来做。短语be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”, 且encourage与teenagers构成被动关系, 故填to be encouraged。
【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：
1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。
2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。
3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。
如第七小题，本句为定语从句修饰先行词committee, 且先行词在从句中做主语, 指物, 故填which/that。
【答案】51. Many people were buried alive，and so was the city.
52. The world's population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.
53. While the students found the soldier's idea interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.
54. When it comes to advertisements，we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them！
55. Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after promising not to.
【解析】
考查句子翻译。
【51题详解】
考查倒装句。表示前者的情况同样适用于后者, 且时态上与前一句保持一致, 主语不同时, 应使用“so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”的结构。短语bury alive“活埋”。根据句意应用一般过去时, 故译为Many people were buried alive, and so was the city.。
【52题详解】
考查宾语从句。“倍数 + what 从句”为固定句式, 意为“比……”, 且主语应用现在完成时, 从句中根据in 1800应用一般过去时。故译为The world's population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.。
【53题详解】
考查固定结构。固定结构“be of+抽象名词”相当于抽象名词对应的形容词, 故短语be of practical use“实际的；实用的”。本句为while引导的让步状语从句, 表示“虽然”。根据句意用一般过去时。故译为：While the students found the soldier's idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be of practical use.
【54题详解】
考查固定短语。短语when it comes to…“当提到；谈及”, 且根据句意应用一般现在时。故译为：When it comes to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them！
【55题详解】
考查固定结构。短语must have done“必定做了……” 表示对过动作肯定的推测, 故译为：Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after promising not to.
56.短文改错
【答案】1.practise→practicing
2.for→against/with
3.defeats→defeated
4.it→which或it前加and
5.去掉were
6. himself→him
7. skillfully→skillful
8. famous前加a
9. Look→Looking
10.hobby→hobbies
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者的弟弟Julian擅长打篮球以及打球经历。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：当他还是个孩子的时候, 他就致力于练习。短语be committed to doing sth.“致力于做某事”, 故practise改为practising。
2.考查固定短语。句意：有时他甚至邀请我和他一起玩, 他经常打败我。短语play with/against“同……比赛”, 故for改为against/with。
3.考查动词时态。句意同上。本句是由and连接词的并列句与上文invited构成并列谓语, 故应用一般过去时。故defeats改为defeated。
4.考查定语从句连接词。句意：中学毕业后, 他被选为校队队长, 这让他非常自豪。本句为两个单独的句子, 中间不能用逗号连接。故可将really made him very proud改为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子, 故it改为which。或在it前添加and使之构成并列句。
5.考查动词语态。句意：他们甚至赢得了几次冠军。本句主语they与win之间为主动关系, 故去掉were。
6.考查代词。句意：他的队友都认为他是一个友好而有技巧的球员。此处是队友认为“他”是一个好球员, 因此应用人称代词宾格形式。故himself改为him。
7.考查形容词。句意同上。根据上文be a friendly and可知应用形容词作表语, 故skillfully改为skillful。
8.考查冠词。句意：现在他在德国一所著名大学学习工商管理。university为可数名词, 此处表示泛指“一所大学”用不定冠词，famous为辅音音素开头的单词故用不定冠词a，故famous前加a。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：回顾过去, 他仍然认为打篮球是他一生中最喜欢的爱好之一。本句中look做非谓语动词与逻辑主语he构成主谓关系, 故Look改为Looking。
10.考查名词的数。句意同上。hobby为可数名词, 且one of后跟名词复数形式表示“……之一”, 故hobby改为hobbies。
书面表达
【答案】Dear Susan,
I am writing to invite you to attend the Chinese and English Poetry Show arranged by the Students' Union this weekend. The show is scheduled to be held from 7:00 pm to 9.30 pm next Sunday in Room 306 of the school hall.
Students from the Poetry Club of our school have been making preparations for the show ever since the exchange students arrived. It is expected that they will give a wonderful performance, enabling the audience to have a beer understanding of poetry and enjoy the beauty of poetry, both Chinese and English.
I sincerely hope that you can accept my invitation and give us some advice so that we can be beer prepared. Looking forward to your early reply
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华, 近期学校将举办“中英文诗歌秀”（Chinese and English Poetry Show）活动。请给你的留学生朋友Susan写一封邮件, 邀请她来参加。内容包括：1. 活动的时间和地点；2. 活动的内容和目的；3. 请她提出建议。
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：attend（参加）, Chinese and English Poetry Show（中英文诗歌秀）, be scheduled to（预定；计划做）；make preparations for（做准备）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如It is expected that they will give a wonderful performance, enabling the audience to have a beer understanding of poetry and enjoy the beauty of poetry, both Chinese and English.运用了主语从句；I sincerely hope that you can accept my invitation and give us some advice so that we can be beer prepared.运用了宾语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分 省略）
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Tate Modern，London，UK
Together with three other Tate museums. Tate Modern located in London is a national museum of international音 modern art. It is one of the largest museums of modern and contemporary art in the world. Most of the exhibit items are open to the public for free，only charging for major temporary（临时的）exhibitions.
The Musee du Louvre，Paris，France
It is the world's largest and most visited art museum and a historical land mark of Paris. Housed in the Louvre Palace，the museum has been added to many times since its opening in 1793. Its glass pyramid in the main courtyard was designed by Chinese American architect Ieoh Ming Pei，and it later became a signature design of the museum. appearing in the hit thriller The Da Vinci Code starring Tom Hanks and Audrey Tautou.
National Museum of China, Beijing, China
Near Tiananmen Square in Beijing, it's one of the largest museums in the world and the second-most visited art museum in the world, just after the Musee du Louvre.
Covering a time span from the Yuanmou Man of 1.7 million years ago to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the museum houses around 1. 05 million items-and many cannot be found in museums elsewhere.
State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia
The State Hermitage Museum is the second-largest art museum in the world. The public can visit five of the main buildings: the Winter Palace, Small Hermitage, Old Hermitage, New Hermitage and Hermitage Theatre.
Frequently seen in pop culture. it often appears as a setting for films. TV series, novels and even video games.
1. Tate Modem, London, UK is attractive partly in that.
A. it is a national museum with three branches
B. entry to most of its exhibitions is free of charge
C. its exhibitions range from ancient art to modern art
D. visitors can purchase some wonderful exhibit items
2. What do we know about The Musee du Louvre?
A. It often serves as a setting for films.
B. It slays the same as it was when first built.
C. It is the most visited art museum in the world.
D. It was designed by a Chinese American architect.
3. Which museum displays unique items from the Yuanmou Man?
A. Tate Modern. London, UK.
B. The Musee du Louvre, Paris, France.
C. National Museum of China, Beijing. China.
D. State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia.
B
Grandparents are respected in many human societies. But telling stories about old times and overfeeding grandchildren seem like human qualities. Are these classic grandparent behaviors really limited to humans？
Do any animals know their grandparents the way people do?
For most species on Earth，the answer is certainly “No”. "Usually，there aren't grandparents around anymore when an animal is born，"said Mirkka Lahdenpera，a biologist at the University of Turku in Finland. "Even if an animal's life span does overlap（重叠）with its grandparents'，most species spread out to avoid competing for resources，so the chance of running into a grandparent is slim. "
But there are a few clear exceptions，primarily among mammals（哺乳动物）that live in close social groups. In troops of langur monkeys in India，older females lived together with their daughters and grandchildren. The grandmother langurs defend the group's babies against attacks and even give their own grandchildren special treatment.
Many whale species，too，travel in family groups that include both grandmothers and grandchildren.
Elephant herds are also famously matriarchal. They are led by a grandmother，who can live to around 80 years old，and are generally made up of her daughters and their young. The females in a herd form close bonds and work together to raise their young.
Lahdenper found that the babies of young mothers were eight times more likely to survive if their grandmothers lived near them than if they didn't. When the young mothers were older and more experienced at raising babies，this beneficial grandmother effect disappeared even if the actual grandmothers were still around.
Indeed，most evidence for the benefits of grand parenting comes from mammals. But in 2010，researchers found that in troops of insects called gall-forming aphids，older females defend their relatives after they've stopped reproducing（繁殖）.
And what about grandfathers？Studies of humans in recent decades have shown that a living grandfather can improve a person's mental health and other indicators of well-being. But there's no evidence of that in the animal kingdom. Male animals rarely socialize with their own children，let alone any grandchildren.
4. From what Mirkka Lahdenpera said, we can learn that___________.
A. an animal is not very likely to meet a grandparent
B. an animal is taken away from its grandparents at birth
C. animals' grandparents move away to avoid responsibility
D. animals' grandparents often fail in competition for resources
5. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 indicates that._________.
A. elephants have a high level of intelligence
B. elephants enjoy an equal and fair social system
C. elephants are the largest land animals with a long life
D. elephants live in social groups with females in charge
6. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Insects still able to reproduce will defend their relatives.
B. Animals' beneficial grandmother effect will exist forever.
C. Animals can be mentally healthier with their grandfathers.
D. Male animals seldom spend time with their grandchildren.
7. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Do any animals know their grandparents?
B. Do any animals respect their grandparents?
C. How do animals live with their grandparents?
D. How do animals socialize with their grandparents?
C
Recognized as "the goddess scientist"，Ning Yan（or Nieng Yan），42，is a leading biology researcher at Princeton University in the US. On April 30，she was included among 100new members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences，a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US.
Yan is a rising star in the science world and her resume（履历）is impressive. After graduating from Tsinghua University and Princeton，she was invited to set up her own laboratory at Tsinghua in 2007. At age 30，she became one of China's youngest-ever female professors.
It was a long road to get where she is now. She told People magazine that she always believes that scientists need to have a pure mind and determination.
Yan likes to work at night，because she can focus when the outside is quiet. She also works at least 14 hours a day，but she's energetic，because research is the most "comfortable” job for her，according to an interview with People magazine.
This devotion to her work probably helped Yan in her research to identify the structures of proteins in cells' plasma membranes，which puzzled scientists for half a century. Her achievements got her listed among the journal Nature's Science Stars of China in 2016.
Yan also enjoys TV dramas and classic novels. Surprisingly，the novel Journey to the West inspired her to become a structural biologist. In the book，the Monkey King turns into other animals. She wondered what it would be like to change herself. Luckily. Yan now lives in that world every day，exploring how proteins work at the level of atoms. “It was almost destined（命中注定的）that I would become a structural biologist，"she said in an interview with Nature.
As she realizes her own dreams，Yan tries to encourage more women to follow careers（职业）in science. In her eyes，there is no difference between men and women in the scientific fields.
“Women can work as excellently as men and live the way they choose to，"she said in a public interview.
8. What made Ning Yan become a member of the National Academy of Sciences？
A. Her social background. B. Her impressive wisdom.
C. Her first-class education. D. Her outstanding research.
9. Which of the following played a role in Yan becoming a structural biologist？
A. People magazine.
B. Journey to the West.
C. The journal Nature.
D. Science Stars of China.
10. Ning Yan would probably agree that_________
A. scientists can win success by working at night
B. women can match men in scientific achievements
C. more women should be allowed to take up science
D. scientists should enjoy TV dramas and classic novels
11. What can we learn from Ning Yan's story?
A. It is never too late to learn.
B. Many hands make light work.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.
D
San Francisco has decided that its city government workers can't use computer programs that recognize faces. It is the first US city to take such a strong step to keep this technology under control.
When a computer system identifies a person from their face in a picture，it's called “facial recognition". Many police departments use facial recognition. It can be helpful when police just have a picture of a suspect（嫌疑犯）. but no other information. Normally，even with facial recognition，police must have other proof showing that a person is guilty.
But many people say facial recognition programs aren't good enough yet. The programs can usually recognize white men. But they're not so good at identifying women and people with darker skin. They worry that "false matches"-when the computer thinks it has identified a person，but it's wrong-will make innocent people look like criminals.
For companies like Amazon and Microsoft，facial recognition is a big business. Amazon has worked hard to sell their facial recognition program to police departments around the US. Microsoft sells tools that allow prisons to watch people inside.
To work well，facial recognition programs must have a great number of pictures of people. But most people whose pictures are in the systems never gave permission（许可）for their pictures to be used.
Many people worry that using computers to identify or track people will decrease freedom. Now，in many places，facial recognition is used to keep people under control and much of public life is watched on security cameras. Similarly，many cities in America and Europe are also almost completely covered by security cameras. Police officers now often wear cameras on their bodies，recording all the time. It's usually not clear when governments are using facial recognition and how they are using it.
Facial recognition is already being used at airports throughout Europe and in the US. The Department of Homeland Security expects to have pictures of 97%of the people flying out of the country in the next four years.
As these powerful computer programs become more common, San Francisco's move to control facial recognition is an unusual and strong move to limit the way governments use computers to watch and control people.
12. Why do people worry about facial recognition programs?
A. They cannot multiply people's responsibility.
B. They cannot help police identify good people.
C. They will mistake innocent people for bad people.
D. They will identify black people instead of white people.
13. How can facial recognition programs fun_ction effectively?
A. Companies should work with each other.
B. People should have more pictures taken.
C. They should include as many pictures as possible.
D. Police departments and prisons should be under control.
14. What makes people feel their freedom is on the decrease?
A. There are police everywhere.
B. A lot of security cameras are used.
C. More people are forced to stay at home.
D. Governments focus more on facial recognition.
15. What's San Francisco's attitude towards government workers using facial recognition?
A. Disapproving. B. Supportive.
C. Doubtful. D. Optimistic.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An apology is an expression of regret for something you've done wrong，and serves as a way to repair a relationship after that wrongdoing. We all need to learn how to apologize._____16_____We all make mistakes，and we all have the ability to hurt people. It isn't always easy to apologize，but it's the most effective way to regain trust and balance in a relationship. Here is a four-step framework that you can use when you make an apology.
Every apology needs to start with two magic words: "I'm sorry," or “I apologize." This is essential because these words express regret over your actions. Your words need to be sincere. Be honest about why you want to apologize. _____17_____Apologize as soon as you realize that you've wronged someone else.
Next，admit responsibility for your actions or behavior. Here，you need to understand the person you wronged, and show that you understand how you made her feel.____18____ Instead, simply try to put yourself in that person's shoes and imagine how she felt.
___19___When you do so, you take action to make the situation right. For example" If there's anything that I can do to make this up to you, please just ask. "Think carefully about this step. Empty promises will do more harm than good. Because you feel guilty, you might give more than what's appropriate.
Your last step is to explain that you won't repeat the action or behavior. This step is important because you promise that you' re going to change your behavior. This helps you rebuild trust and repair the relationship.____20____ If you promise to change your behavior, but don't follow through, others will question your reputation and your trustworthiness.
A. Don't make assumptions.
B. After all, no one is perfect.
C. Timeliness is also important here.
D. Make up for the damage that was done.
E. We all need to learn how to forgive and forget.
F. You should try to see things from that person's angle.
G. Make sure that you keep your word in the days to come.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Kate and David Ogg heard the words every parent fears: Their newborn wasn't going to make it. Their twins-a girl and a boy-were born two minutes apart. Doctors had____21____ to save the boy for 20 minutes but saw no ____22____ His heartbeat was nearly gone，and he'd stopped_____23_____The baby had just moments to live.
“I saw him gasp（喘气），but the doctor said it was no use，"said Kate years later. “I know it sounds_____24_____，but if he was still gasping，that was a_____25_____ of life. I wasn't going to give up easily. "
____26____ ，the Sydney couple knew this was likely goodbye. In a（n） _____27_____to treasure her last minutes with the tiny boy，Kate asked to______28______him. They had to accept the fact that they were going to___29___him，and they were just trying to______30______those last，precious moments.
Kate______31______the hospital blanket from the boy，whom the couple had already named Jamie，and ordered David to take his shirt off and______32______them in bed. The first-time parents wanted their son to be as______33______ as possible and hoped the skin-to-skin contact would improve his ______34______ They also talked to him. They explained his name and that he had a______35______ that he had to look out for. Then something amazing happened. Jamie gasped again-and then he started breathing. Finally，he ______36______for his father's finger. The couple's lost boy had ______37______it.
Eight years later，Jamie and his sister，Emily，are happy and healthy. The Oggs only recently told the kids the story of their______38______. Emily burst into tears. She was really_____39_____，and she kept hugging（拥抱）Jamie. This whole ______40______makes the couple treasure them more.
21. A. managed B. paused C. prepared D. tried
22. A. improvement B. association C. challenge D. conflict
23. A. smiling B. crying C. breathing D. eating
24. A. stupid B. inspiring C. amazing D. terrible
25. A. basis B. cycle C. sign D. value
26. A. Also B. Still C. Therefore D. Otherwise
27. A. effort B. position C. attitude D. hurry
28. A. relax B. hold C. comfort D. secure
29. A. monitor B. tend C. forget D. lose
30. A. get away from B. catch up with C. keep an eye on D. make the most of
31. A. removed B. discouraged C. protected D. collected
32. A. shake B. find C. join D. place
33. A. cheerful B. fearless C. safe D. warm
34. A. statue B. condition C. nature D. quality
35. A. brother B. cousin C. daughter D. twin
36. A. reached B. headed C. waited D. stood
37. A. meant B. caught C. got D. made
38. A. education B. friendship C. birth D. growth
39. A. distant B. upset C. embarrassed D. confused
40. A. experience B. project C. impression D. situation
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is true that a movie has some influence on society. Perhaps movies will have_____41_____ （great）effects than other media.
The movie has certainly some clear ____42____（advantage）over other media. It combines audio and video and thus ____43____ （appeal）to the eyes and the ears. Also，the viewers can experience feelings in the course of events and the roles of ______44______（variety）characters. And the values expressed through movies can affect the audience for a long time. For example，movies _____45_____ My Name is Khan are not just family dramas（家庭剧）. They show true emotions and encourage simple regular things，such as_____46_____love）your parents and being friendly to others.
The realization of this fact is，perhaps，the reason for setting up a committee ____47____ examines all the scenes with bad influences. For example，in recent years_____48_____use of cigarettes or smoking in movies____49____（attract）the attention of the committee. After watching movies with such scenes，teenagers are likely___50___（encourage）to take it up as a cool thing to do. Therefore，creating in the minds of children a hate for false values is important.
第四部分写作（共三节，满分45分）
第一节
句子翻译
51. 很多人被活埋了，城市也被掩埋（so）
52. 世界人口比1800年增长了六倍。（what）
53. 虽然学生们觉得士兵的想法有趣，但这一方法太难不实用。（be of+名词）
54. 谈及广告，我们都必须运用自己的智慧，不要做广告的奴隶！（come to）
55. Hannah一定是在承诺不告诉他人之后将我的成绩告诉了我的同学们。（must）
第二节
56.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My brother Julian，a fan of Yao Ming，is good at playing basketball.
As a boy，he was committed to practise it. Sometimes he even invited me to play for him，and often he defeats me. After going to middle school，he was chosen captain of the school team，it really made him very proud. They were even won a few championships. His teammates all considered himself to be a friendly and skillfully player.
Now he is learning business administration in famous university in Germany. Look back on the past，he still thinks of playing basketball as one of his favorite hobby in his life.
第三节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，近期学校将举办“中英文诗歌秀”（Chinese and English Poetry Show）活动。请给你的留学生朋友Susan写一封邮件，邀请她来参加。内容包括：
1. 活动的时间和地点；
2. 活动的内容和目的；
3. 请她提出建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。分别介绍了四个博物馆的具体情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Most of the exhibit items are open to the public for free，only charging for major temporary exhibitions.（大部分展品都是免费向公众开放的，只对大型临时展览收费。）可知英国伦敦Tate Modem美术馆之所以吸引人，部分原因在于它的大部分展览都是免费的。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句It is the world's largest and most visited art museum and a historical land mark of Paris.（它是世界上最大、参观人数最多的艺术博物馆，也是巴黎的历史地标。）可知The Musee du Louvre是世界上参观人数最多的艺术博物馆。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三部分中Covering a time span from the Yuanmou Man of 1.7 million years ago to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the museum houses around 1.05 million items-and many cannot be found in museums elsewhere.（从170万年前的元牟人到清朝(1644-1911)，故宫博物院收藏了105万件文物，其中许多在其他地方的博物馆都找不到。）可知National Museum of China, Beijing. China. 展出元谋人的独特物品。故选C。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。对于地球上的大多数物种来说，动物并不像人类一样了解它们的祖父母。而大多数证据表明，父母教养子女的益处来自哺乳动物。而在动物界雄性动物很少与自己的孩子交往，更不用说孙辈了。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中most species spread out to avoid competing for resources, so the chance of running into a grandparent is slim. （大多数物种分散开来是为了避免争夺资源，所以与祖父母相遇的几率很小。）可知根据Mirkka Lahdenpera所说的话，我们可以知道动物不太可能遇到祖父母。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据下文They are led by a grandmother, who can live to around 80 years old, and are generally made up of her daughters and their young.（他们由一位能活到80岁左右的祖母带领，通常由她的女儿和她们的孩子组成。）可知大象生活在一个由雌性负责的社会群体中。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句Male animals rarely socialize with their own children, let alone any grandchildren.（雄性动物很少与自己的孩子交往，更不用说孙辈了。）可知雄性动物很少花时间和他们的孙子孙女在一起。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段Do any animals know their grandparents the way people do?（有动物像人类一样了解它们的祖父母吗?）以及文章主要内容为讨论动物界父母、孩子和祖辈的关系可知A选项最符合文章标题。故选A。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了被公认为“女神科学家”宁颜(或Nieng Yan), 在4月30日,被列入100年新成员和25个外国同事进入美国国家科学院,一个著名的科研机构,旨在表彰在美国有杰出研究成果的人员。
8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中On April 30, she was included among 100new members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences, a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US.（4月30日，她成为美国国家科学院的100名新成员和25名外国同事之一。美国国家科学院是一家旨在表彰美国杰出研究成果的著名科学机构。）可知是Ning Yan杰出的研究成果让她成为了美国国家科学院的一员。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第二句Surprisingly, the novel Journey to the West inspired her to become a structural biologist.（严还喜欢电视剧和经典小说。令人惊讶的是，小说《西游记》激励她成为一名结构生物学家。）可知是《西游记》激励她成为一名结构生物学家。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句In her eyes, there is no difference between men and women in the scientific fields.（在她看来，在科学领域，男人和女人没有什么区别。）可知Ning Yan可能会同意，女性在科学成就上可以与男性匹敌。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中She told People magazine that she always believes that scientists need to have a pure mind and determination.（她在接受《人物》杂志采访时表示，她一直认为科学家需要有一个纯洁的头脑和决心。）可推知我们从Ning Yan的故事中能了解到世上无难事，只怕有心人。故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题解题方法
细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。
做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。经常有新技术对将来人们工作和生活不良影响的预测，但事实证明结果并不是那样，我们有必要否定预测，以减少人们的恐惧。
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。
如第一小题，根据第一段中On April 30, she was included among 100new members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences, a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US.（4月30日，她成为美国国家科学院的100名新成员和25名外国同事之一。美国国家科学院是一家旨在表彰美国杰出研究成果的著名科学机构。）可知是Ning Yan杰出的研究成果让她成为了美国国家科学院的一员。故选D。
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。当计算机系统根据照片中的人脸来识别一个人时，它被称为“面部识别”。许多警察部门使用面部识别技术。而旧金山决定市政府工作人员不能使用识别人脸的电脑程序，旨在限制政府使用计算机监视和控制人们的方式。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句They worry that "false matches"-when the computer thinks it has identified a person, but it's wrong-will make innocent people look like criminals.（他们担心“虚假匹配”——当电脑认为它已经识别出一个人，但这是错误的——会让无辜的人看起来像罪犯。）可知人们担心面部识别程序会把无辜的人误认为坏人。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第一句To work well, facial recognition programs must have a great number of pictures of people.（为了更好地工作，面部识别程序必须有大量的人的照片。）可知面部识别程序应该包括尽可能多的图片来有效运作。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中Many people worry that using computers to identify or track people will decrease freedom. Now, in many places, facial recognition is used to keep people under control and much of public life is watched on security cameras. Similarly, many cities in America and Europe are also almost completely covered by security cameras.（许多人担心使用计算机来识别或跟踪人会减少自由。现在，在许多地方，面部识别被用来控制人们，很多公共生活被监控在安全摄像头上。同样，美国和欧洲的许多城市也几乎完全被监控摄像头覆盖。）可知大量的安全摄像头的使用让人们感到他们的自由在减少。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段San Francisco has decided that its city government workers can't use computer programs that recognize faces.（旧金山决定市政府工作人员不能使用识别人脸的电脑程序。）以及最后一段中San Francisco's move to control facial recognition is an unusual and strong move to limit the way governments use computers to watch and control people.（旧金山控制面部识别的举措是一个不同寻常的、强有力的举措，旨在限制政府使用计算机监视和控制人们的方式。）可推知旧金山对使用面部识别的政府工作人员持反对态度。故选A。
【答案】16. B 17. C
18. A 19. D
20. G
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。道歉并不总是件容易的事，但这是在一段关系中重新获得信任和平衡的最有效方式。文章因此说明了道歉的四步框架。
【16题详解】
根据下文We all make mistakes, and we all have the ability to hurt people.（我们都会犯错，我们都有伤害别人的能力。）可知是在强调没有人是完美的，每个人都会犯错。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下文Apologize as soon as you realize that you've wronged someone else.（你一意识到你错怪了别人时，就马上道歉。）可知是在强调道歉要及时，时机也很重要。故C选项符合上下文语境。
【18题详解】
根据下文Instead, simply try to put yourself in that person's shoes and imagine how she felt.（相反，试着设身处地为她着想，想象她的感受。）中instead可知上文与下文意思相反，可知上文应表示不要做假设，而是设身处地为别人着想。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据下文For example" If there's anything that I can do to make this up to you, please just ask. "（例如，“如果我能做些什么来补偿你，请尽管开口。”）中make this up可对应到D选项“Make up for the damage that was done.（弥补所造成的损失。）”符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据下文If you promise to change your behavior, but don't follow through, others will question your reputation and your trustworthiness.（如果你承诺要改变自己的行为，但没有做到，别人会质疑你的声誉和可信度。）可知在强调要信守承诺。故选G。
【点睛】阅读理解之七选五解题方法
一、总体方法
先确定出题的位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。
二、根据出题位置的不同，说说各自不同的解题方法。
1、出题位置设在段首
1）查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
2）锁定关键词，然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。
如第四小题，根据下文For example" If there's anything that I can do to make this up to you, please just ask. "（例如，“如果我能做些什么来补偿你，请尽管开口。”）中make this up可对应到D选项“Make up for the damage that was done.（弥补所造成的损失。）”符合语境。故选D。
2、出题位置在段落中
比较上下文的关键词来锁定答案
阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词，阅读五个空白的前后句，并将前后句中的解题线索，即关键词标记下来。关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组），专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等；阅读各个选项，尤其是选项的首句，标记关键词；比较并匹配上述两类关键词，确定答案；将确定的答案代入原文，看读起来是否通顺。
3、出题位置在段尾
这个时候，空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，大家要重点阅读以锁定关键词。
1） 要注意在选项中查找表示结果的、结论、总结等的关键词，如：therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, in a word等，另外大家也要知道，选项中也可以发现前文的同义词语。
2）如果与前文是转折或对比关系。大家就要注意在选项中寻找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立对比关系。
3）如果所选答案是引出下一段的内容
在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一对双胞胎出生时, 医生告诉他们的父母男孩难以存活, 只有几分钟的时间了。而男孩的父母并没有放弃, 并在最后抱了他, 结果男孩奇迹般地重新开始呼吸, 并幸存了下来的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生们试图挽救这个男孩20分钟，但没有看到任何好转。A. managed管理；设法；B. paused暂停；C. prepared准备；D. tried尝试。根据下文to save the boy for 20 minutes可知医生试图挽救这个男孩，短语try to do sth.“试图做某事”，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生们试图挽救这个男孩20分钟，但没有看到任何好转。A. improvement好转；B. association协会；C. challenge挑战；D. conflict冲突。根据上文but saw no可知没有看到任何好转。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的心跳几乎停止，呼吸也停止了。A. smiling微笑；B. crying哭泣；C. breathing呼吸；D. eating吃。根据上文His heartbeat was nearly gone可知心跳停止了，呼吸也停止了。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这听起来很蠢，但如果他还在喘气，那就是生命的迹象。A. stupid愚蠢的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. amazing惊异的；D. terrible糟糕的。母亲认为自己的想法听起来很蠢。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道这听起来很蠢，但如果他还在喘气，那就是生命的迹象。A. basis基础；B. cycle循环；C. sign迹象；D. value价值。根据上文if he was still gasping可知他还在喘气，那就是生命的迹象。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：不过，这对悉尼夫妇知道这可能是告别。A. Also也；B. Still不过；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文the Sydney couple knew this was likely goodbye可知不过，这对夫妇知道这可能是告别，可知选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯特试图珍惜和小男孩在一起的最后几分钟，凯特要求抱着他。A. effort努力；B. position位置；C. attitude态度；D. hurry匆忙。根据下文to treasure her last minutes with the tiny boy可知凯特试图珍惜和小男孩在一起的最后几分钟，短语in an effort to do sth.“试图要；企图”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯特要求抱着他。A. relax放松；B. hold抱；握住；C. comfort安慰；D. secure安全的。孩子是婴儿只能是抱住。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不接受他们将要失去他的事实，他们只是想充分利用那些最后的珍贵时刻。A. monitor监控；B. tend趋向；C. forget忘记；D. lose失去。根据上文可知男孩将要死去，因此他们要失去他了。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们不得不接受他们将要失去他的事实，他们只是想充分利用那些最后的珍贵时刻。A. get away from远离；B. catch up with赶上；C. keep an eye on留意；D. make the most of尽量利用。根据下文those last, precious moments可知是充分利用最后的时刻。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯特从男孩身上取下医院的毯子，并命令大卫脱掉衬衫，和他们一起躺在床上。A. remove去掉；取下；B. discouraged 阻止；C. protected保护；D. collected收集。根据下文the hospital blanket from the boy可知是取下毯子。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯特从男孩身上取下医院的毯子，并命令大卫脱掉衬衫，和他们一起躺在床上。A. shake摇晃；B. find找到；C. join加入；D. place放置。根据下文them in bed.可知凯特是让大卫加入他们，短语join sb.“加入某人；和某人一起”，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次做父母的希望他们的儿子尽可能的温暖，并希望这种肌肤接触能改善他的身体状况。A. cheerful快乐的；B. fearless无畏的；C. safe安全的；D. warm温暖的。怀抱中应该是温暖的。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一次做父母的希望他们的儿子尽可能的温暖，并希望这种肌肤接触能改善他的身体状况。A. statue雕像；B. condition条件；状况；C. nature自然；D. quality质量。根据上文hoped the skin-to-skin contact would improve his可知他们希望这种肌肤接触能改善他的身体状况（condition），故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们解释了他的名字，说他有一个双胞胎姐妹，他必须照顾好。A. brother兄弟；B. cousin表亲；C. daughter女儿；D. twin双胞胎。根据上文Their twins-a girl and a boy-were born two minutes apart.可知是双胞胎。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他伸手去抓父亲的手指。A. reached到达；B. headed朝向；C. waited等待；D. stood站。根据下文for his father's finger可知他伸手去抓父亲的手指。短语reach for“伸手去拿”，故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇失去的儿子成功了。A. meant意味着；B. caught抓住；C. got得到；D. made制作；成功。根据上文可知儿子重新呼吸，活过来了，短语make it“成功；达到”，故选D。
38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到最近，奥格斯才给孩子们讲述了他们出生的故事。A. education教育；B. friendship友谊；C. birth出生；D. growth成长。故事发生在出生时，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她真的很难过，一直抱着杰米。A. distant遥远的；B. upset心烦的；难过的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文Emily burst into tears.可知她很难过，故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这整个经历让这对夫妇更加珍惜他们。A. experience经历；B. project项目；C. impression印象；D. situation情况。根据下文makes the couple treasure them more可推测这次挽救Jamie的经历让这对夫妇更加珍惜他们的子女。故选A。
【答案】41. greater
42. advantages
43. appeals
44. various
45. like 46. loving
47. which/that
48. the 49. has attracted
50. to be encouraged
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了电影中所表达出的价值观对社会可能产生的一些好的或不好的影响。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：也许电影会比其他媒体有更大的影响。根据下文than other media可知应填形容词比较级。故填greater。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：与其他媒体相比, 这部电影当然有一些明显的优势。advantage为可数名词由some修饰故填复数形式advantages。
【43题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：它结合了音频和视频, 因此吸引了眼睛和耳朵。本句主语为it, 且与combines构成并列谓语, 故用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式appeals。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同时, 观众也可以在事件的过程中, 体验到各种角色的感受。根据下文characters为名词可知应填形容词修饰, 故填various。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如, 像《我的名字叫可汗》这样的电影不仅仅是家庭剧。根据句意可知表示“像……；比如”应填like。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们表现出真实的情感, 鼓励一些简单的事情, 比如爱你的父母和对他人友好。根据上文as为介词后跟动名词做宾语, 故填loving。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句连接词。句意：认识到这一事实也许是设立一个委员会来审查所有有不良影响的场景的原因。本句为定语从句修饰先行词committee, 且先行词在从句中做主语, 指物, 故填which/that。
【48题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：例如, 近年来, 香烟的使用或在电影中吸烟引起了委员会的注意。use表示“使用；用途”, 此处表示特指“香烟的使用”故填定冠词the。
【49题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。根据上文in recent years可知应用现在完成时, 主语为单数, 故填has attracted。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：看完有这类场景的电影后, 青少年很可能会被鼓励把它当作一件很酷的事情来做。短语be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”, 且encourage与teenagers构成被动关系, 故填to be encouraged。
【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：
1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。
2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。
3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。
如第七小题，本句为定语从句修饰先行词committee, 且先行词在从句中做主语, 指物, 故填which/that。
【答案】51. Many people were buried alive，and so was the city.
52. The world's population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.
53. While the students found the soldier's idea interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.
54. When it comes to advertisements，we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them！
55. Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after promising not to.
【解析】
考查句子翻译。
【51题详解】
考查倒装句。表示前者的情况同样适用于后者, 且时态上与前一句保持一致, 主语不同时, 应使用“so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”的结构。短语bury alive“活埋”。根据句意应用一般过去时, 故译为Many people were buried alive, and so was the city.。
【52题详解】
考查宾语从句。“倍数 + what 从句”为固定句式, 意为“比……”, 且主语应用现在完成时, 从句中根据in 1800应用一般过去时。故译为The world's population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.。
【53题详解】
考查固定结构。固定结构“be of+抽象名词”相当于抽象名词对应的形容词, 故短语be of practical use“实际的；实用的”。本句为while引导的让步状语从句, 表示“虽然”。根据句意用一般过去时。故译为：While the students found the soldier's idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be of practical use.
【54题详解】
考查固定短语。短语when it comes to…“当提到；谈及”, 且根据句意应用一般现在时。故译为：When it comes to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them！
【55题详解】
考查固定结构。短语must have done“必定做了……” 表示对过动作肯定的推测, 故译为：Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after promising not to.
56.短文改错
【答案】1.practise→practicing
2.for→against/with
3.defeats→defeated
4.it→which或it前加and
5.去掉were
6. himself→him
7. skillfully→skillful
8. famous前加a
9. Look→Looking
10.hobby→hobbies
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者的弟弟Julian擅长打篮球以及打球经历。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：当他还是个孩子的时候, 他就致力于练习。短语be committed to doing sth.“致力于做某事”, 故practise改为practising。
2.考查固定短语。句意：有时他甚至邀请我和他一起玩, 他经常打败我。短语play with/against“同……比赛”, 故for改为against/with。
3.考查动词时态。句意同上。本句是由and连接词的并列句与上文invited构成并列谓语, 故应用一般过去时。故defeats改为defeated。
4.考查定语从句连接词。句意：中学毕业后, 他被选为校队队长, 这让他非常自豪。本句为两个单独的句子, 中间不能用逗号连接。故可将really made him very proud改为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子, 故it改为which。或在it前添加and使之构成并列句。
5.考查动词语态。句意：他们甚至赢得了几次冠军。本句主语they与win之间为主动关系, 故去掉were。
6.考查代词。句意：他的队友都认为他是一个友好而有技巧的球员。此处是队友认为“他”是一个好球员, 因此应用人称代词宾格形式。故himself改为him。
7.考查形容词。句意同上。根据上文be a friendly and可知应用形容词作表语, 故skillfully改为skillful。
8.考查冠词。句意：现在他在德国一所著名大学学习工商管理。university为可数名词, 此处表示泛指“一所大学”用不定冠词，famous为辅音音素开头的单词故用不定冠词a，故famous前加a。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：回顾过去, 他仍然认为打篮球是他一生中最喜欢的爱好之一。本句中look做非谓语动词与逻辑主语he构成主谓关系, 故Look改为Looking。
10.考查名词的数。句意同上。hobby为可数名词, 且one of后跟名词复数形式表示“……之一”, 故hobby改为hobbies。
书面表达
【答案】Dear Susan,
I am writing to invite you to attend the Chinese and English Poetry Show arranged by the Students' Union this weekend. The show is scheduled to be held from 7:00 pm to 9.30 pm next Sunday in Room 306 of the school hall.
Students from the Poetry Club of our school have been making preparations for the show ever since the exchange students arrived. It is expected that they will give a wonderful performance, enabling the audience to have a beer understanding of poetry and enjoy the beauty of poetry, both Chinese and English.
I sincerely hope that you can accept my invitation and give us some advice so that we can be beer prepared. Looking forward to your early reply
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华, 近期学校将举办“中英文诗歌秀”（Chinese and English Poetry Show）活动。请给你的留学生朋友Susan写一封邮件, 邀请她来参加。内容包括：1. 活动的时间和地点；2. 活动的内容和目的；3. 请她提出建议。
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：attend（参加）, Chinese and English Poetry Show（中英文诗歌秀）, be scheduled to（预定；计划做）；make preparations for（做准备）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如It is expected that they will give a wonderful performance, enabling the audience to have a beer understanding of poetry and enjoy the beauty of poetry, both Chinese and English.运用了主语从句；I sincerely hope that you can accept my invitation and give us some advice so that we can be beer prepared.运用了宾语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
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