2020年高中英语一轮复习非谓语动词专题---动名词完全解析与提升训练（含答案）

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高中英语一轮复习非谓语动词专题---动名词完全解析与提升训练
一、概念及基本形式
定义：动名词有名词和动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语、状语、逻辑主语等。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。它没有人称与数的变化，但有时态与语态的变化。
Finding jobs is difficult these days.
Getting up early in the morning is tough.
基本形式
肯定形式：doing
否定形式：not doing
二、动名词的时态和语态
语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态 含义
一般式 (not)doing (not)being done 发生在谓语动作的同时或之后
完成式 (not)having done (not)having been done 发生在谓语动作之前
Children enjoy watching cartoons.
He was accused of having stolen a watch.
I really appreciated having been invited to this party.
I stole into the room without being noticed.

三、动名词的复合结构

当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，就要用动名词的复合结构，其形式为“名词所有格、形容词性物主代词+动名词” ，在句中作主语、表语、宾语。
Would you mind my/me using your telescope?
The father insisted on his son’s/his son going to college。

注：
在以下情况中，动名词的逻辑主语只能用形容词性物主代词。
动名词作主语时
Her coming to help encouraged all of us.
Tom’s going won’t be of much help.

类似advise兼有advise doing sth和advise sb to do sth. 两种结构的词（如：allow, forbid, permit等），doing前的逻辑主语只能用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
The doctor advised his/Mike’s giving up smoking.
The doctor advised him/Mike to give up smoking.

四、动名词的句法功能
①作主语
动名词作主语表示经常性、习惯性的动作，有时也用it作形式主语，而把动名词后置。动名词常常被看作不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数。
Taking a cold shower every morning does him good.
It is a waste of time discussing such matter with him.
常见it作形式主语的句式
It is no use/good/harm doing… 做…是没有用的/不好的/没有害处的
It is useful/enjoyable/tiring/worthwhile doing… 做…是有用的/令人高兴的/累人的/是值得的
It is a waste of time doing… 做…是浪费时间的
注：
不定式作主语与动名词作主语常可互换。但两者表达的意义不同。
不定式作主语表示具体的某一次行为或将来的动作，强调动作本身。
动名词作主语表示的动作比较抽象，时间概念不强，强调事情本身。

②作宾语
动名词可作（短语）动词和介词的宾语。
Do you mind my closing the door?（作动词的宾语）
I looking forward to receiving your letter soon.（作短语动词的宾语）
I insist on him wearing a suit.（作介词的宾语）
常接动名词作宾语的（短语）动词
see to 注意；处理 get down to 开始 mind介意
practice练习 suggest建议 admit承认
avoid避免 consider考虑 imagine想象
give up放弃 look forward to盼望 be busy忙于
put off推迟 feel like想要 be worth值得
can’t help忍不住 be/get used to习惯于 keep (on)继续
stick to 坚持 admit to承认 lead to导致

③作表语
动名词作表语多表示抽象性或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容，主语通常是无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。主语、表语位置常可互换。
My hobby is collecting stamps.
=Collecting is my hobby.
注：
动名词作表语与主语是对等的关系，两者可以互换。另外动名词作表语时，要注意和现在进行时区别。
不定式作表语和动名词作表语的区别
不定式作表语多指具体的、一次性的动作；动名词作表语多指经常性的、习惯性的动作。
My job is to water the flowers in the garden today. （特指今天的具体工作）
My job is teaching English. （长期性的工作）
What you said is really inspiring.

④作定语
表示被修饰词的用途, 此时动名词位于被修饰词之前。
Let’s buy a washing machine.（a machine for washing.）

表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态。意思上相当于一个定语从句。如果作定语的是动名词短语，应放在被修饰词的后面。
Make less noise. There is a sleeping child.
The boy wearing a red shirt is five years old.
注：
动名词作定语只表示所修饰词的用途和所属关系等。置于所修饰词之前，不存在逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。

提升训练
一、单项选择
1．With the old man_______ the way, we had no trouble _______the cave.
A．led, to find B．was leading, found
C．leading, finding D．leads, find
2．—These little kids have learned perfect table manners, haven’t they?
—Yes. They are accustomed _________ at meals.
A．not to talk B．to not talk C．not to talking D．to not talking
3．_______ on a farm caused her to become curious about nature.
A．Her not being brought up B．She was not brought up
C．She not being brought up D．Having not been brought up
4．I really appreciate ________ the chance to present my opinions on AI at the meeting.
A．to give B．being given
C．to be given D．giving
5．He may not be good-looking but he ______ that by ______
A．makes for; caring
B．makes up for; being caring
C．makes for; careful
D．makes up for; being careful
6．Whatever trouble Mr. White had ______ with the case, he would stick to his own opinion.
A．deal B．to deal C．dealt D．dealing
7．____ with global vision and the spirit of innovation is crucial to China's young generation.
A．Being equipped B．Equipping C．Equipped D．Having equipped
8．Mike gave me a lovely kitty and told me that it required ___ carefully.
A．being looked after B．looked after C．looking after D．to look after
9．She apologized for ____ to come.
A．not her being able B．her being not able
C．not being able D．that she's not able to
10．The thief took away the woman's wallet without ____.
A．being seen B．seeing C．him seeing D．seeing him
11．It is no use ____ me not to worry.
A．you tell B．your telling C．to have told D．having told
12．It is agreed that ______ widely is one of the most effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary.
A．reading B．read C．reads D．having read
13．____,the student insists that he be separated from his desk-mate,who is naughty.
A．To avoid being affected B．To avoid to be affected
C．Avoiding being affected D．Avoiding to be affected
14．______ school playgrounds to the public makes exercise easier for the people in the community.
A．Open B．Opened C．Opening D．Have opened
15．With the help of rescue workers, many people managed to escape ______ the burning building and escape ______ killed.
A．/; being B．from; to be
C．/; from being D．from; being

二、用所给词的正确形式填空
16．Watch out! Don’t get close to the building ________ walls are being painted.
17．Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long ________ humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.
18．From tomorrow, children younger than 12 ________ (allow) only to play the game for a maximum of one hour a day.
19．Great attention should be paid to ________(protect) the water from being polluted.
20．They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ________(decorate).
21．The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music，most of ________ was based loosely on the Beatles.
22．The container contains many kinds of fruits, apples________(include).
23．English in this story________(simplify) several times so far to make it easier for children to understand.
24．The farm ________(hand) down from his father to him last year.
25．The ancient Olympic Games were first held in Athens, in which only men from Greece had the right________(compete).

三、根据所给汉语意思完成句子
26．The reason why many people choose to raise dogs is that dogs can _____ (陪伴他们 帮助他们克服孤独感).
27．At the exhibition, the company has _____ (安排了一位销售经理展示新产品).
28．By the end of last semester, all the examination rooms _____ (配备了摄像头阻止学 生作弊).
29．People are encouraged _____ ( 用纸袋子 代替塑料袋 replace) for the sake of environmental protection.
30．_____ (随着期末考试的临近, draw), almost all the students are busy reviewing the lessons and some have to burn the night oil.
31．To his disappointment, he didn’t get the job offer _____ ( 因为缺少足够的工作经验)。
32．On the first day of school, the students are eager _____ ( 相互分享寒假里的所见 所闻).
33．For long, the scientists have been hunting for the answer _____ (宇宙是如何诞生的这 个问题).
34．As we all know, your academic performance _____ ( 很大程度上取决于你有多努 力).
35．Specific action has been take to control the quantity of the private vehicles so as to _____ ( 缓解高峰时期交通压力).
36．Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical，and this special chemical, ________ ________, affects our brains, making us feel happy.
维生素D帮助我们的身体产生一种特殊的化学物质，而这种特殊的化学物质反过来又影响我们的大脑，使我们感到快乐。
37．It________ ________ ________how the ancient Egyptians could move the huge stone blocks to build those pyramids.
古埃及人如何移动这些巨大的石块来建造金字塔，这仍然是个谜。
38．If they do not meet these requirements, they will not ________ ________ ________ graduate school, even if they have excellent undergraduate grades.
如果他们不符合这些要求，他们将不能被获准进入研究生院，即使他们有优秀的本科成绩。
39．Why waste time in this world________ ________the bad when we can look around us and see the wonderful things before us?
为什么浪费时间寻找不快，而看不到我们面前的美好事物呢？
40．The public’s confidence in personal information security is ________ ________ ________, because there is still a lack of sound privacy protection laws in place.
民众对信息安全的信心正在下降，因为目前还缺乏健全的隐私保护法。
41．It was no use________ ________ ________ ________him, so I waved to him.
假装没看见他是没有用的，所以我向他挥手示意。
42．________ ________ volunteering work, the couple led a busy and rich life after they retired.
忙于做志愿工作，那对夫妇退休后过着忙碌而充实的生活。（用本模块所学单词）
43．Carbon fiber might ________ ________ ________in the future because of its added strength.
碳纤维由于其增强的强度在未来可能是值得探索的(材料)。
44．________ ________ ________, our show was fully appreciated by the audience, mostly college students.
令我们宽慰的是，观众对我们的演出十分欣赏，他们中大多数是大学生。
45．Riding in an elevator is an experience where we can unexpectedly meet people ________ ________we have nothing in common. (介词+定语从句)
乘电梯是一种经历，在那里我们可以意外地遇到一些人，尽管我们没有任何共同点。




参考答案
一、单选题
1-5．CDABB 6-10．DACCA 11-15．BAACD
二、用所给词的正确形式填空
16．whose
17．before
18．will be allowed
19．protecting
20．is being decorated
21．which
22．included
23．has been simplified
24．was handed
25．to compete
三、根据所给汉语意思完成句子
26．ease their loneliness by accompanying
27．arranged for a sales man to demonstrate the new production
28．had been equipped with the camera to prevent students from cheating in the exam
29．to replace the plastic bags with the paper bags
30．As the final exam draws/ with the final exam drawing
31．for the lack of the work experience.
32．to share what they saw and heard during the winter holiday.
33．to the problem how the universe came into being.
34．depends on how hard you work.
35．ease the traffic pressure during the traffic jams.
36．in turn
37．remains a mystery
38．be admitted to/into
39．hunting /searching /seeking /looking for
40．on the decrease/decline
41．pretending not to see
42．Employed in
43．be worth exploring
44．To our relief
45．with whom






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