课件23张PPT。UNIT 5 What an adventure! Section A Starting out & Understanding ideas词汇一 initial adj. 最初的，开始的 n. （名字的）首字母
◆教材原句
His initial journey to India opened up the sea route from Western Europe to the east by way of the
Cape of Good Hope. 他最初的印度之行开辟了从西欧途经好望角到东方的海上航线。
◆要点必记
the initial stages 最初阶段 initial position 最初的姿势 initial reaction 最初的反应
◆单词积累 initial adj. → initially adv. 起初
◆单句写作
At this point，you should be back to your_______________（最初的姿势）.
_________________（我最初的反应）was to decline the offer.
◆单句语法填空
(3) Forecasters say the strong wind may not be as bad as they _______（initial）predicted.
题组练·领悟方法核心词汇initially My initial reaction initial position 词汇二 border n. 国界，边界；边境地区 v. 与……接壤，与……毗邻
◆教材原句
Qomolangma lies on the border of Nepal and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.
珠穆朗玛峰位于尼泊尔和中国西藏自治区的边界上。
◆要点必记
（1）on the border of 在……的边界上
cross the border 穿越边境 escape across the border 逃过边境
open/close the border 开放 / 关闭边境 a border area/region 边境地区
（2）border on 与……相邻；近似，接近（极端）◆单句写作
（1） The citizens are not allowed to ________________（穿越边境）without permission.
（2） Soldiers temporarily_________________（关闭边境）between the two countries.
◆单句语法填空
（3） There are so many beautiful countries____________ （border）the Pacific Ocean.
（4） She felt an anxiety bordering _______hysteria（歇斯底里）.
cross the border closed the borderborderingon词汇三 confirm v. 证实，证明 ; 肯定，确认（安排、日期或情况）
◆教材原句
The first people confirmed to have reached the top were Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay in 1953. 第一批被证实登上顶峰的人是在 1953 年登上去的埃德蒙·希拉里和丹增·诺尔盖。
◆要点必记
confirm that... 证实……
It has been confirmed that... 已经确定……
confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事
confirm sb. in one’s belief/opinion/view/suspicions 证实某人的信念 / 观点 / 看法 /怀疑
◆单词积累
confirmation n. 证实，证明
◆单句语法填空
（1）X-rays have confirmed ______he has not broken any bones.
（2）He ______________（confirm）his position as the world’s number one basketball player.
◆单句写作
（3）________________________（已经确定）the meeting will take place next week.
（4）His facial expression _______________（使我确信）my suspicions.
thathas confirmed It has been confirmed that confirmed me in 词汇四 crowd n. 人群 v. 聚集；拥挤；挤满
◆教材原句
Last year，hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would
include crowds，discomfort and danger.
去年，数以百计的人在一种他们知道会有拥挤、不适和危险的体验上花了很多钱。
◆要点必记
（1）a crowd of 一群…… in the crowd 在人群里
follow the crowd 随大溜 crowd in（on sb.）（问题或想法）涌上心头，涌入脑海
crowd into 大批涌入…… crowd out 将……挤出，排挤
（2）be crowded with 挤满……
◆单句语法填空
（1） There are __________crowd）of people in the theatre.
（2） Small local businesses have been crowded _______by large multinationals.
（3） Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in ______her.
◆单句写作
（4） We all ____________（涌进）her office to sing “Happy Birthday”.
（5）In the spring the place _______________（挤满）skiers.crowdsout on crowded intois crowded with词汇五 succeed in doing sth . 成功地做某事
◆教材原句
It is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma before it took his life.
目前尚不清楚他是否在遇难前成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰。
◆要点必记
同义：be successful in doing sth. 成功地做某事
◆归纳拓展
achieve/have great success（in）（在……方面）取得巨大成功
without success 没有成功
a success 一个成功的人或一件成功的事
be a success as... 作为……很成功
◆单句语法填空
（1）He succeeded in _________（cross）the Taiwan Strait.
（2）It is important to remember that success ____（be）a sum of small efforts made each day and
often takes years to achieve.
（3 ）Are you very worried about being either well-liked or ____________（success）?
（4）— ______great success the brilliant young scientist has achieved is admirable.
—I think he is ____great success as a scientist.
crossing issuccessful The a词汇六 bring ... into focus 使……成为焦点
◆教材原句
It brings into focus what’s important to you. 它会让你关注对你来说重要的事情。
◆要点必记
become the focus of attention 成为关注的焦点 come into focus 成为焦点
focus one’s attention/mind on... 把某人的注意力 / 心思集中于…… focus on 把注意力集中于……
◆归纳拓展
fix one’s attention on 把某人的注意力集中于 concentrate on 把注意力集中于
pay attention to 注意 put one’s heart into 全神贯注于
◆单句语法填空
(1) The incident brought the problem of violence in schools _______sharp focus.
(2) He forced himself to focus his thoughts _____work.
(3) In the fifties，concerns ________（focus）on monsters and flying saucers（飞碟）.
◆单句写作
(4)［2018·天津卷］There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to ________________
（成为焦点）：food.
(5) It is best to _______________________（把注意力集中于）your future and leave this sad
thing in the past.
into onfocusedcome into focus focus on/concentrate on 词汇七 figure out 弄明白，弄清楚；计算出
◆教材原句
It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical，as well as mental，toughness to push when you want to stop. 它迫使你审视自己的内心深处，弄清楚当你想停下来的时候，你是否真的有足够的体力、脑力和韧性去推动它。
◆要点必记
figure out the reason 弄明白原因 figure out the cost 计算出费用
figure on 计划，打算；预料到
◆归纳拓展
a leading/key/central figure 领军 / 关键 / 核心人物 have a good figure 身材好
keep/watch one’s figure 保持 / 注意保持身材
◆单句语法填空
(1) People on the surface figured _____where the miners were and dug a hole to send them food
and water.
(2) Jack worked as hard as he could to build his business，but he hadn’t figure ___a few obstacles
（障碍）.
◆单句写作
(3) ［2019·全国Ⅰ卷］It is difficult to __________（计算出）a global population of polar bears
as much of the range has been poorly studied.
(4) He is ____________（关键人物）in the team and has a tall figure.
(5) I wonder how you have ____________________（保持身材）after all these years.
out on kept your figurefigure out a key figure词汇八 attempt v. 努力，尝试 n. 尝试，试图
◆教材原句
With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure... ……大多数攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试要么完全成功，要么失败……
◆要点必记
（1）make an attempt to do sth. = make an attempt at doing sth. 试图 / 尝试做某事
in an/one’s attempt to do sth.为了做某事 at the first/second attempt 第一 / 二次尝试
（2）attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
◆单词积累
attempted adj. （犯罪等）未遂的
◆单句语法填空
(1) Three retired women on a day trip to France disarmed a man who attempted ___________
（steal）their car.
(2) A man is being questioned in relation to the __________（attempt） murder.
◆单句写作
(3) ［词汇复现］He didn’t succeed in setting a new record，but it was _____________ （一次
很好的尝试）.
(4) He ____________________（ 试 图）winning first prize.
(5) Two factories were closed _____________________（为了削减）costs.
to steal attempteda good attemptmade an attempt at in an attempt to cut 词汇九 failure n. ［ U ］失败；故障［ C ］失败的人或事
◆要点必记
（1）end in/result in failure 以失败告终 failure to do sth. 未能做某事（不定式作定语）
a failure 一个失败的人或一件失败的事
（2）fail to do sth. 未能做某事
◆单句写作
(1) He is ________（一个失败者）as a businessman，but a success as an artist.
(2) We can never be perfect，so we often have __________________（挫败感）no matter how
well we perform.
◆单句语法填空
(3) His failure _______（help） us is disappointing.
(4) There were also several accidents mainly caused by engine _________（fail）on take-off.
failures to help a failure a sense of failure词汇十 refer to ... as ... 把……称为……
◆教材原句
He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”... 他把这些人的性格称为“T 型”……
◆要点必记
refer to 提到，谈到；参考，查阅；涉及，关于 refer to a dictionary 查词典
◆单句语法填空
(1) We often refer to those who are willing to help others _____Lei Feng.
(2) People ___________to as “white-collar workers” are those who work in offices.
◆单句写作
(3) If you want to know his telephone number，you may _______（查阅）the telephone
directory.
(4) These are source materials ___________（涉及）cattle breeding.
referring to refer toas referred句 式一 现在分词短语作结果状语
◆教材原句
Christopher Columbus（1451-1506） was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between
Spain and the Americas，thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the
Americas. 克 里 斯 托弗·哥伦布（1451—1506）是一位意大利探险家，他完成了西班牙和美
洲之间的旅行，从而标志着欧洲人对美洲的探索的开始。
◆句式分析
thus marking the beginning of... 是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，前面加
thus 表示强调。现在分词短语作结果状语时通常位于句末，且常用逗号与前面的句子成分
隔开；其逻辑主语既可以是句子主语，也可以是前面的整个句子。
◆归纳拓展
不定式短语作结果状语时，常与 only 连用，表示出乎意料的结果。
重点句式◆误区警示
现在分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致可改用状语从句。
他在看书时，电话铃响了。
Reading the book，the telephone rang. （×）
While he was reading the book，the telephone rang. （√）
◆单句语法填空
(1) ［2017·天津卷］The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment，__________
（allow）more patients to be treated.
(2 ) Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only________（find）it
didn’t fit.
allowing to find◆单句写作
(3) By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year，______________________________
________________（成为有史以来最受欢迎的学校用书之一）.
(4 ) 2016·天津卷］The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows，______________
———————————（使空调没有必要了）.
(5) ［2016·北京卷］Newly-built wooden cottages line the street，_____________________
______________（把旧城镇变成了理想世界）.school books everconditioning unnecessary into a dreamlandmaking it one of the most popularmaking airturning the old town句式二 spend time / money on sth . 在某物上花费时间 / 金钱
◆教材原句
Last year，hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds，discomfort and danger. 去年，数以百计的人在一种他们知道会有拥挤、不适和危险的体验上花了很多钱。
◆要点必记
spend time（in） doing sth. 花费时间做某事
spend money（on）doing sth.花费金钱做某事◆单句语法填空
(1) He spent 600 dollars ______a new mobile phone.
(2) He spent the evenings ________（wash）the windows and floors.
◆单句写作
(3) ________________________________________（他花在功课上的时间不多），so he has
some difficulty keeping up with his studies.
(4) I spend too much time _________________（看电视）.
on washing He doesn’t spend much time on his lessonswatching television课件12张PPT。UNIT 5 What an adventure! Section B Using language词汇一 unaware adj. 未觉察到的，未意识到的
◆教材原句
At first，the sea was calm and we spent our days working，fishing and playing cards，happily
unaware that we wouldn’t be back for a very long time. 起初，海面风平浪静，我们整天工作、
钓鱼、打牌，幸好没有意识到我们要很长时间才能回来。
◆要点必记
be unaware of/that 未意识到…… seem unaware of/that...似乎没有意识到……
completely/totally unaware 完全没有察觉
◆归纳拓展
be/become aware of/that意识到……，知道…… make sb. aware of/that...使某人意识到……
as/so far as I am aware 据我所知
题组练·领悟方法核心词汇◆单句语法填空
(1) The audience sat there calmly，apparently _________（aware）of the danger.
(2) Mr. White is unaware _______smoking is harmful to his health.
(3) He seems unaware _________the trouble he’s causing.
(4) The public ____________（aware）of the environmental problem will make the government
take it seriously.
◆单句写作
(5) He ________________（未意识到）we are here.
(6) _______________________（据我所知），a lot of crime is connected with drugs.
unaware ofthatawareness is unaware that As /So far as I am aware词汇二 injury n. 伤，损害
◆教材原句
Offer first aid advice for injuries or illness in Activity 5.
为活动 5 中的伤痛或疾病提供急救建议。
◆要点必记
（1） do oneself an injury 弄伤自己 suffer/get/receive an injury 受伤
injury to sb. / sth. 对……的伤害 serious injury / injuries 重伤
minor injuries 轻伤
（2）be badly/seriously injured 严重受伤 the injured 伤者；伤员（作主语时看作复数）
◆单词积累
injure v. 使受伤；伤害 → injured adj. 受伤的
◆单句语法填空
（1） He suffered ____________(injure） to his legs and arms when he fell off the tree.
（2） He was badly ________(injure）when he was cycling along the valley.
（3） Luckily，the _________（injure）were soon taken to the hospital.
（4） ________________（injure）in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.
（5）Don’t do that. You’ll do yourself ___injury.injuries injured injuredBeing injured an词汇三 stretch （1）v. 延伸，绵延；伸开，伸展；伸出，伸长 （2）n. 伸展，舒展
◆教材原句
China’s National Highway 318，stretching over 5，000 kilometres，runs from Shanghai
to Zhangmu，Tibet. 中国318 国道全长5 000 多千米，从上海到西藏樟木。
◆要点必记
（1）stretch to...延伸到…… stretch into... 延伸进……
stretch for... 绵延长达……
stretch out 伸出，伸开（手、脚等）；躺下（睡觉或休息）
（2）at full stretch 全力以赴，竭尽所能；身体伸展
by any stretch of the imagination / by no stretch of the imagination
任凭怎么想也（不），再怎么说也（不）◆单句语法填空
（1） The Andes stretch _______about 8,900 km along the west coast of South America.
（2）The exercises are designed ___________（stretch）and tone your leg muscles.
◆单句写作
（3）Make sure that ________________________（把绳子拉紧）.
（4） I _____________（伸出）a hand and picked up the book.
（5） Fire crews have been operating ______________（全力以赴）.
（6） She could not，___________________________（任凭怎么想），be called beautiful.
for to stretch the rope is stretched tight stretched out at full stretch by any stretch of imagination 句式一 get injured 受伤
◆教材原句
...but three friends got injured.……但是有三个朋友受伤了。
◆要点必记 get+ 过去分词
get damaged 被毁 get broken 被毁 get separated 分开 get hurt 受伤
get trapped 被困 get paid 领工资 get scolded 受到斥责 get drunk 喝醉
◆单句写作
（1) They ___________（被困） in the fire and were killed.
（2）As we joined the big crowd I ____________（分开） from my friends.
（3 ) I __________（喝醉）for the first time in my life last night.
（4）Cleaning women in big cities usually __________________（按小时领工资）.
重点句式get paid by the hour got drunk got injured got separated过去将来时
1. 构成：would / should+ 动词原形
2. 用法
（1）表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于主句是一般过去时的
宾语从句中，表示从句的动作发生在主句动作之后。常与过去将来时连用的时间状
语有 two days（weeks，months...）later，the following day，the next week（month，
year...）等。
She said she would be there at seven o’clock，and he thought she would keep her word.
她说她会在 7 点到达，他认为她会履行诺言。
（2）表示过去的某种习惯性行为。
She would lose the key. 她总会把钥匙弄丢。
He would sit for hours doing nothing.他常常什么都不做，一坐就是几个小时。
单元语法3. 表示过去将来时的常用结构
（1）was/were going to do 表示过去的打算和意图；
（2）was/were about to do 表示过去即将发生的事；
（3）was/were to do 通常指过去的计划安排或注定要发生的事情；
（4）表示位置移动的动词（如 go，come，leave，start 等）可用过去进行时表示按照过去的
计划安排在过去看来将要发生的事情。◆单句语法填空并把下列句子译成汉语
They made up their mind that they __________（buy）a new house once Larry changed jobs.
_________________________________________
(2) I_________________（run）this morning，but overslept.
____________________________________
(3) At college，Barack Obama didn’t know that he ______________（become）the first black
president of the United States of America.
_______________________________________________________________
(4) James has just arrived，but I didn’t know he ______________________（come）until yesterday.
____________________________________
(5) I ______________________（come）to visit you later that day，but I had to phone and cancel.
_____________________________________________________
would buy 他们决定一旦拉里换了工作，他们就买栋新房子。 was going to run 我本来打算今天早晨跑步的，但睡过头了。 would become 在读大学的时候，贝拉克·奥巴马不知道他会成为美国第一位黑人总统。was coming/would come 詹姆斯刚到，但是直到昨天我才知道他会来。was coming/would come 我本想那天晚些时候来看你，但是我不得不打电话取消了。 ◆单句写作
(1) They always told us that one day we_______________________（会搬进一所房子），a
real house that would be ours so we _____________________（将不必搬家）each year.
(2) When I arrived at the airport，the plane _______________________（正要起飞）.
(3) This was the call that announced ____________________（马上就有）a whale hunt.
(4) He said that the sports meet _______________ （将要举行）soon.
(5) My cousin told me he ______________（将要动身去）New Zealand the next morning. would move into a housewas just going to take offwouldn’t have to movethere was about to bewas to take placewas leaving for课件27张PPT。Section C Developing ideas，Presenting
ideas & ReflectionUNIT 5 What an adventure! 词汇一 charge （1）n.主管，负责；费用，价钱；指控，控告
（2）v. 收费，要价；指控，控告；指责，责备
◆教材原句
They are captured and taken inside the submarine，where they meet the man in charge，Captain
Nemo. 他们被捕获并带进了潜水艇，在那里他们遇到了负责人尼摩船长。
◆要点必记
（1）take charge of 负责，掌管（短语动词） in charge of 负责，掌管（短语介词）
in the charge of = in one’s charge 由……负责 / 掌管
free of charge 免费 a charge for...……的收费
（2）charge sb. some money for sth. 因某事向某人收……费
charge sb. with（doing） sth. 指控 / 指责某人（做）某事
题组练·领悟方法核心词汇◆单句语法填空
The charge _____transport will be increased because the price of petrol is going up.
(2) I wonder how much you charge ______your services.
(3) The police charged the young man ______car theft.
◆单句写作
(4) His watch is worth 20 dollars. You can get it _____________（免费）if you are willing to lend us
a hand.
(5) The man who had _______________（掌管） the company________________（被 指 控）
bribe-taking，because he accepted a large amount of money from a department manager
___________（负责） the manufacturing.
(6) My uncle is ___________（负责） the local hospital；that is to say，the local hospital is
_______________（由……负责）my uncle.
forforwithin the charge ofin charge ofin charge oftaken charge of free of chargewas charged with词汇二 ahead adv. 在前面
◆教材原句
Ahead of its time，the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world.
因为领先于它所处的时代，潜水艇对世界其他地方来说还是一个秘密。
◆要点必记
ahead of 在……前面；早于……；领先于……
ahead of time/schedule 提前
go ahead 先走，先行；发生，进行；开始；可以，请吧，说吧
go ahead with 继续进行……
look ahead 向前看，展望未来
get ahead（工作上）获得成功◆单句语法填空
（1） After a short period of rest，they went ahead ______the interview.
（2） We completed the work five days ahead ___time.
◆单句写作
（3） The policeman examined their car and allowed them ___________（前进）.
（4） As they slowed down for the turn，a grey car shot _____________（在他们前面）.
（5）We need to ___________（展望未来）to decide how to expand our business.
with ofgo aheadahead of themlook ahead词汇三 permit v. 允许，准许，许可 n. 许可证
◆教材原句
In order to keep this secret，Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.
为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诉他的三个新乘客，他们不准离开潜水艇。
◆要点必记
（1）permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 permit doing sth. 允许做某事
apply for a permit 申请许可证
（2）ask（for）permission 请求许可 get permission 获得许可
give permission 批准，许可 without permission 未经允许
◆单句语法填空
（1） The security system will not permit you ________（enter）without the correct password.
（2） ［词汇复现］Only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted
__________（return）to their houses.
（3） ［2018·江苏卷］It’s strange that he should have taken the books without the owner’s
__________（permit）.
◆单句写作
（4） Only if a teacher _____________________（批准）is a student allowed to enter this room.
（5） You must _________________（请求许可）before taking photographs of the architecture.
（6） No student shall touch the mixture_____________________（未经许可）.
to enterto return permission without permission has given permission ask for permission词汇四 leave an impression upon / on sb . 给某人留下印象
◆教材原句
And now，how can I look back upon the impression left upon me by that walk under the waters?
现在，我怎么能回忆起那次在水下行走给我留下的印象呢？
◆要点必记
（1）make an impression on/upon sb.给某人留下印象
give an impression 留下印象
get a good/bad impression of...对……印象好 / 不好
（2）impress sb. with sth.某物给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻
impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记某事
◆单词积累 impress v. 使印象深刻 impression n. 印象
impressive adj. 令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］My first ___________（impress）of her was that she was a brilliant woman.
（2） I was impressed ___________his honesty when we met for the first time.
（3） This movie is so ____________（impress）that we can’t help crying.
◆单句写作
（4）I ____________________（对 …… 印 象 深 刻）her serious attitude to academic research.
（5）The first time I saw him，his sense of humour _________________________________
（给……留下深刻印象）me.
（6）My father __________________（让我牢记）the importance of hard work.
◆一句多译
她流利的英语口语给我们留下了深刻印象。
（7） ____________________________________________________________
（8）_______________________________________________
impressionby/with impressive was impressed by/with left/made a deep impression on/upon impressed on me Her fluent spoken English made/left a deep impression on/upon us. We were impressed with/by her fluent spoken English. 词汇五 relate v. 相联系，有关联；讲述
◆教材原句
Words are not enough to relate such wonders! 那次奇遇是语言无法描述的！
◆要点必记
（1）relate to 涉及；与……相关 relate A to B 把 A 与 B 联系起来
relate sth. to sb. 向某人讲述某事 relate that... 讲述……
（2）be related to 与……有关系 / 有关联
（3）in relation to 关于……；与……相比
◆单句语法填空
（1）He later related the whole story ____me.
（2） Old Henry suffers from memory loss _______（relate）to his disease.
◆单句写作
（3 ) It is said that this festival ____________（与……有联系） a legend（传说）.
（4） His remarks didn’t _________（ 与 …… 有 关）the topic under discussion.
（5）［词汇复现］She ______________________________（讲述自己的童年经历）in
the first chapter.
relates her childhood experience relate to is related to to related词汇六 astonish v. 使吃惊，使惊讶
◆教材原句
The light，which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean，astonished me by its power. 阳光照亮了海面下三十英尺的地方，它的力量使我吃惊。
◆要点必记
It astonishes sb. that... 某人很惊讶…… be astonished at/by... 对……感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 be astonished that...……令人惊奇
to one’s astonishment 令某人惊讶的是 in astonishment 吃惊地
◆单词积累
astonished adj. 吃惊的 astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的 astonishment n. 吃惊，惊讶
◆单句语法填空
(1) ____astonished him that she had changed so much.
(2) The doctors were astonished ______the speed of her recovery.
(3) We were astonished _______（find）the architecture in its original condition.
(4) To my ____________（astonish），the car was gone after I got up the next day.
(5) She seemed __________（astonish） that I had never been to the harbour.
(6) You may find it ___________（astonish） that Charlie Chaplin was taught to sing as soon as
he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.
◆单句写作
(7) ___________________（让我们感到惊讶的是），such an intelligent person should be
unemployed and can’t afford his rent.
(8) He stared ________________（吃惊地）at the helicopter in the distance.
Itat/byto findastonishment astonished astonishing in astonishmentTo our astonishment词汇七 distinguish v. 看清；认出 ; 区分，辨别
◆教材原句
...and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards. ……
我能清楚地认出在一百五十码远的物体。
◆要点必记
distinguish...from... 把……和……区分开
distinguish between...and... 在……之中辨别
distinguish oneself（as）表现突出
◆单词积累
distinguished adj. 卓越的，杰出的◆单句语法填空
(1) The light was too dim for me _____________（distinguish）anything clearly.
(2) It was hard to distinguish one twin _______the other.
(3) The monitor distinguished________（him）by his performance in the examination.
(4) She has already distinguished herself ____an athlete.
◆单句写作
(5) At what age are children able to ___________________________________（明辨是非）？
(6)语言使人区别于动物。_______________________________________
to distinguishfromhimselfas distinguish between right and wrong Speech distinguishes man from animals. 词汇八 gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地
◆教材原句
Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue，and gradually disappeared.
在更远处，光线变暗成深蓝色的细微色调并逐渐消失了。
◆要点必记
(1) gradual change 逐渐变化
(2) a gradual change in climate 气候的逐渐变化 a gradual process 一个循序渐进的过程
a gradual increase 逐渐增长
◆单句语法填空
(1) The girl used to be shy，but is_________（gradual）getting active in group work and is
more willing to express herself.
(2) Children seem to have _________（gradual）gained their enjoyment in reading.
◆单句写作
(3) There has been ________________（逐渐变化） in climate.
(4) Education is ________________（一个循序渐进的过程）.
graduallygraduallya gradual changea gradual process词汇九 surround v. 环绕，围绕；包围，围困
◆教材原句
Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere，but almost as clear. 事实上，我周围的这片海水不过是比地球的大气层还重的另一种空气，但几乎同样清澈。
◆要点必记
（1）surround...with... 用……包围……
be surrounded with/by... 被……环绕 / 包围
surround oneself with... 和……在一起
（2）the surrounding area 周围地区
work in pleasant surroundings 在愉快的环境中工作
◆单词积累 surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 surroundings n. （复数）环境
◆单句语法填空
(1) We stood at the edge of the lake，which _______________（surround）with trees.
(2) The____________（surround） villages have been absorbed into the growing city.
(3) This is a small and common clinic surrounded ________high buildings.
(4) He was well educated and brought up in superior ____________（surrounding）.
◆单句写作
(5) My hometown is a small village _________________________(河流环绕）.
(6) Jiuzhaigou ____________________（被……环绕） hills in Sichuan Province..
was surroundedsurroundingwith/by surroundings surrounded with riversis surrounded with/by词汇十 depth n. 深，深度
◆教材原句
Shall I be believed when I say that，at the depth of thirty feet，I could see as if I was in broad
daylight?
如果我说，在三十英尺深的地方，我可以像在大白天一样看得清楚，你能相信我吗？
◆要点必记
at/from/to a depth of 在/从/到……的深度 a metre/foot in depth 一米 / 一英尺深
in the depth of one’s heart 在内心深处 in depth 全面地，深入地，详细地
◆归纳拓展
deep adj. 深的→ depth n. 深度 long adj. 长的→ length n. 长度
wide adj. 宽的→ width n. 宽度 high adj. 高的→ height n. 高度
◆单句语法填空
(1) The ______（deep）of the well is 10 metres.
= The well is 10 metres ____depth.
(2) He was annoyed by the ______（long）of time he had to wait.
(3) We were impressed with the ______（deep）of her knowledge.
◆单句写作
(4) Plant the beans ____________（在……深的地方）two inches.
(5) I haven’t looked at the report _________（详细地）yet.
depthin length depth at a depth ofin depth 词汇十一 broad adj. 宽的，阔的；广泛的 in broad daylight 在大白天
◆要点必记
（1）a broad street/river 宽阔的街道 / 河流
broad shoulders 宽肩膀
...metre（s）broad……米宽
have a broad base of the masses有广泛的群众基础
（2）broaden one’s mind/horizons开阔心胸 / 视野
◆图解辨析 broad与wide
◆单词积累 broaden v. 变宽；增长（知识或经验） breadth n. 宽度
◆单句写作
(1) The robbery occurred ________________（在光天化日之下），in a crowded street.
(2) Experiencing a different culture can enrich our knowledge and _________________________
（开阔我们的视野）.
◆单句语法填空
(3) We have always tried to _________（broad）our horizons.
(4) The boat measures 15 feet in length and 4 feet in ________（broad）.
in broad daylight broaden our horizons broaden breadth词汇十二 make sense 有意义；有道理；是明智的
◆教材原句
Then think about what other words would make sense in the sentence.
然后想想这个句子中还有哪些词是有意义的。
◆要点必记
It makes sense to do sth.做某事是明智的。 make sense of sth. 理解某事物
make no sense 没道理，没意义 in a/one sense 从某种意义上说
in no sense 决不 a sense of humour/direction 幽默感 / 方向感
common sense 常识
There’s no sense in（doing）sth.（做）某事没有道理。
◆单句写作
(1) Planning so far ahead ______________（没有意义）—so many things will have changed by
next year.
(2) I am sure David will be able to find the library—he has _______________________（很好的
方向感）.
(3) See，your computer has broken down again! It ______________________ （买……不明智）
the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
◆单句语法填空
(4) There is no sense in ________（get）upset about it now.
(5) It makes sense _______（save）money while you can.makes no sense a good sense of directiondoesn’t make sense to buygetting to save 句式一 独立主格结构
◆教材原句
Captain Nemo walked in front，one of his men following some steps behind.
尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个手下跟在后面几步远的距离。
◆要点必记 独立主格结构
（1）构成：名词 / 代词＋现在分词 / 过去分词 / 不定式 / 形容词 / 副词 / 介词短语
（2）句法功能：在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。
（3）特点：独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同。
? 当名词 / 代词与动词之间是主动关系时，用现在分词形式；当名词 / 代词与动词之间是被
动关系时，用过去分词形式；当表示将来的动作时，用不定式形式。
? 可置于句首或句末，多用逗号将其与句子其他成分隔开。
◆误区警示 在“名词＋介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，名词前面不用冠词，也不用任
何其他修饰成分。Our teacher came in，book in hand.我们的老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。
重点句式◆单句语法填空
(1) We’ll make a voyage to Hong Kong，weather __________（permit）.
(2) He was listening carefully in class，his eyes ______（fix）on the blackboard.
(3) So many people ________（help）him，Bob is sure to handle the situation very well.
(4) With several places of interest ___________（attract）him，he decided to stay for another
two days.
(5) Sweat ________(drip） from his face，the farmer worked on in the field.
◆单句写作
(6) __________（午饭结束了），the explorer went to the unknown island.
(7) The old man went hunting，___________（手里拿着枪）.
(8) He was attracted by the beautiful scenery，__________________（他的嘴半张着）.
permitting fixedto help attractingdipping his mouth half openLunch over gun in hand句式二 完全倒装：介词短语 + 谓语 + 主语
◆教材原句
Above me was the calm surface of the sea.我上面是平静的海面。
◆要点必记
完全倒装就是将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。表示地点的介词短语放在句首，谓语动词是不
及物动词，如 lie，stand，sit，exist 等或系动词 be，且主语是名词时，要用完全倒装。
◆归纳拓展
完全倒装的其他情况：
（1）当 副 词 here，there，now，then，out，in，up，down，off，away 等置于句首，谓语
动词是 come，go，run，rush，fly 等，且主语是名词时，要用完全倒装。这种情况常用
一般现在时或一般过去时。
（2）there be/lie/stand/appear/remain...结构。
◆单句写作
(1) ______________________（从丛林里走出来）an old man.
(2) ___________________________________（从一个 700 万人的地区）has arisen some of the
greatest pop music in the world.
(3) ____________________________（在楼前矗立着）a marble statue.
(4) __________________（湖周围）are a huge number of farms.
(5) _____________________（车来了）and we have to say goodbye. Out of the jungle came From a region of seven million people In front of the building stands Around the lake Here comes the bus
