课件112张PPT。Unit 2 Making a difference
Developing ideasⅠ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. My farm _______(延伸)as far as the river.
2. her _______(职责)in life
3. prevent the spread of ______(疾病)
4. be born with ________(残疾)
5. __________(临时的)accommodationextendsmissiondiseasedisabilitytemporary6. the greatest scientific ___________(成就)of the
decade
7. medical _________(治疗)
8. for _______(更多的)details
9. a birth _________(证书)
10. a ________(慷慨的)and loving person
11. Rice is the ______(主要的)crop and staple food. achievementtreatmentfurthercertificategenerousmajorⅡ. 选词填空be confident about, come up with, play an important role in, be suitable for, rise to one’s feet, pass away, take in, in danger1. The dam was _________because of the rising
flood. ?
2. I’m sorry to hear that your father ___________last
month. ?
3. We hope you can ____________a plan better than
this. ?
4. He _____________when the guests arrived. ?in dangerpassed awaycome up withrose to his feet5. This soil in this area ____________growing
peanuts. ?
6. Family education _______________________the
growing process of children. ?
7. I _________________the future of China. ?
8. We could hardly ______what he was saying. ?is suitable forplays an important role inam confident abouttake inⅠ. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构Ⅱ. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. The children were excited to board the train.
B. The children boarded the train with their parents.
C. All the children who boarded the train were Jewish.
D. It was very likely that the parents would not see
their children again. 2. Put the following events in order of time.
①Nicholas Winton returned to Britain and worked in business.
②Nicholas Winton worked for international charities and for various companies.
③Nicholas Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. ④Nicholas Winton served as an officer in Britain’s Royal Air Force.
A. ①③④② B. ①②③④
C. ③①④② D. ③④①②
3. Which country were the children sent to according to the passage?
A. Britain. B. France.
C. Germany. D. America.
答案: 1～3. DCAⅢ. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用
1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。译文: __________________________________________
_________________________1938年12月, 一位朋友请温顿来布拉格帮助那些从纳粹手里逃脱出来的人。译文: _________________________________________
_____________________他用捐赠的资金和自己的钱来支付英国政府要求的每名儿童50英镑。2. 根据课文完成短文。
In August 1939, a group of frightened children
(1) ________(board) a train at Prague’s Wilson
Station. Nicholas Winton would save them from death
at the hands of the Nazis. boarded Nicholas Winton was born (2) ___19 May 1909 in
London, to German-Jewish parents. On (3) _______
(leave) school, Winton worked in banks in Germany
and France. He returned to Britain in 1931, (4) ______
he worked in business. onleavingwhere When Winton saw people living in terrible
conditions and whose lives were in danger in Prague,
he decided (5) ______(help) transport children to
safety in Britain. By August 1939, Winton (6) ____
_____(save) 669 children. However, he did not
mention the children he saved, and his actions soon
disappeared from people’s memories. ?to helphadsaved In 1988, his wife Grete found a (7) ________
(forget) journal at home. The journal contained
photographs and (8) ______(name) of the children and
addresses of the families that took them in. She sent
the journal to a newspaper and the British television
programme That’s Life brought his actions to public
attention. forgottennames Later, Winton received various honours for his
(9) ___________(achieve). Nicholas Winton passed
away on 1 July 2015, at (10) ___age of 106. achievementthe3. 阅读主题活动
Talk about the following question in pairs, and find out the best answer.
Why did the parents fear that they would never see their children? 答案: Because their country was being invaded by Nazi forces and they were in danger of losing their life.
【阅读微技巧】1. hesitate v. 迟疑, 犹豫
*Please don’t hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have trouble with your study.
不论什么时候学习遇到困难, 请马上找我们帮忙。*(2019·北京高考)If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never hesitates to buy them a meal.
如果在漫长的来回学校的路上有学生饿了, 威尔逊会毫不犹豫地去给他们买吃的。*She hesitated about/at/over the choice between the two dresses. 这两件衣服该选哪一件, 她犹豫不决。
*Once I decide what I want to do, I will do it without hesitation.
我一旦决定我想去做什么, 我会毫不犹豫地去做。【语块积累】
(1)hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
hesitate about/at/over (doing) sth. 对……犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n. 犹豫, 踌躇
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①Please do not hesitate _________(contact) me if you
have any question. ?
②He accepted the invitation without _________ (hesitate). to contacthesitation③He hesitated ____________ whether to drive or take
the train.
(2)If you need help to get out of trouble, ____________
________________. ?
如果你需要帮助来摆脱困境, 只管向我寻求帮助。about/at/overdon’t hesitateto ask me for help2. assistance n. 帮助, 援助
*Despite his cries no one came to his assistance.
尽管他大声喊叫, 却没有人来帮助他。
*He can walk only with the assistance of crutches.
他只能在拐杖的辅助下走路。*We will assist you in finding somewhere to live.
我们将帮你找个住的地方。
*Two men are assisting the police with their enquiries.
两个人正配合警方的询问。
*Julia was assisting him to prepare his speech.
朱莉娅正在帮他准备演讲稿。【语块积累】
(1)come to one’s assistance 来帮助某人
with the assistance of 在……帮助下(2)assist v. 帮助, 协助, 援助
assist sb. with 在……上帮助某人
assist sb. to do sth. =assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
(3)assistant n. 助手, 助理
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①I often assist my mum ____the housework.
②Don’t worry. He will assist you __________
(complete) the task. ?
③One of her fellow passengers came to her _________
(assist) when she was in trouble. withto completeassistance(2)He’s been running the company ________________
___________. ?
他一直在父亲的协助下经营这家公司。
with the assistanceof his father3. achievement n. 成绩; 成就
*Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.
即便是小小的成功也会给你一种成就感。
*Tu Youyou has made great achievements in the medical field.
屠呦呦在医学领域取得了很大的成就。*Finally he achieved his dream of becoming a teacher.
最后他实现了当老师的梦想。
【语块积累】
(1)make an achievement/ achievements in
在……方面取得成就
a sense of achievement 一种成就感(2)achieve vt. 实现(目标、理想等); 取得(胜利、成功等)
achieve one’s goal/dream/hope
实现目标/梦想/希望
achieve success 取得成功【巧学助记】一言巧记achieve
I’ve achieved only half of what I’d hoped, so I cannot celebrate the achievements I’ve made, although everyone said I should have a sense of achievement.
我只完成了原本希望的一半, 因此我不能庆祝自己所取得的成绩, 尽管每个人都说我应该有一种成就感。【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①In the last few years, China has made great
____________(achieve) in environmental protection.
②This project requires close teamwork. Nothing ____
__________(achieve) unless we work well together. ?achievementswillbe achieved③His laziness makes it impossible for him _________
(achieve) success. ?
(2)He ________________________his scientific
research. ?
他在科研工作中取得了巨大的成就。to achievemade great achievements in4. major adj. 重要的; 主要的 n. 主修课程; 主修学生vi. 主修; 专门研究
*Hard work was a major factor in his success.
辛勤工作是他成功的一个主要因素。
*He majors in maths in college.
他在大学主修数学。*Among the members of the team those who are for the plan are in the majority.
队员中赞成这个计划的占大多数。
*The majority is/are in favor of the suggestion.
大多数人赞成这个建议。*The majority of people in the town strongly support the plan to build a playground for children.
镇上大部分人强烈支持为孩子们修建一个操场的计划。
【语块积累】
(1)major in 主修……
(2)majority n. 大多数
in the majority 占多数
(3)minority n. 少数【名师点睛】the majority作主语时, 若强调整体, 谓语动词用单数; 若强调个体, 谓语动词用复数。当“the majority of+复数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①Mary is an English major student and she also
majors __Chinese.
②One third of the country __covered with trees and
the majority of the citizens ___(be) native Americans.
世纪金榜导学号inisare(2) ________________agree with you. ?
我们绝大多数与你意见一致。The majority of us5. treatment n. 治疗; 疗法; 对待; 待遇; 处理
*She adopted the abandoned girl and treated her like/as one of the family.
她收养了这个被遗弃的女孩并把她当做家人对待。
*Jim treated the little boy for his broken leg.
吉姆医治了那个小男孩骨折的腿。*They are advised to treat their son’s cold with common drugs.
他们被建议用普通药物来治疗儿子的感冒。
【语块积累】
treat vt. 对待, 看待; 款待, 招待; 治疗
n. 款待, 招待
treat. . . like/as. . . 把……看作……
treat sb. for. . . 治疗某人的……(疾病)
treat. . . with. . . 用……款待/治疗……【易混辨析】【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①We don’t want any special _________(treat).
②I don’t want to be treated ______ a child.
③No matter who he is, you should treat him ____
respect. treatmentlike/aswith(2)选词填空(treat/cure)
The doctor _____her with a new drug for the flu and
he believes that the medicine will ____her cold. treatscure【要点拾遗】
1. aid v. 帮助, 援助 n. 援助, 帮助
*One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to
his aid.
一名工作人员见他有困难, 便过来帮忙。
*A concert was given in aid of the flooded areas.
为了帮助洪涝灾区救灾筹款, 举行了一次音乐会。*With the aid of my English teacher, I have made great progress this term.
在我的英语老师的帮助下, 我这个学期取得了很大的进步。
*Tom’s uncle aided him in getting a new job.
= Tom’s uncle aided him to get a new job.
汤姆的叔叔帮他找一个新工作。【语块积累】
(1)come to one’s aid 援助某人
in aid of 为了帮助……, 用来协助……
with the aid of 借助……的协助
(2)aid sb. to do sth. =aid sb. in doing sth.
帮助某人做某事【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①He aided me _______(finish) the work. ?
②I’m collecting money __ aid of the homeless people. to finishin(2) _____________a neighbor, he managed to put out
the fire. ?
他在一位邻居的帮助下设法把火扑灭了。
(3)Having learned that I was in trouble, he _______
______without delay. ?
得知我陷入困境后, 他立即赶来帮助我。With the aid ofcame tomy aid2. rise to one’s feet 站起身来
*At the end of the celebration, we all rose to our feet cheering wildly. 庆典结束时, 我们都站了起来, 热烈地欢呼。
*The wounded soldier struggled to his feet and continued walking along with difficulty.
伤员挣扎着站了起来, 继续艰难地往前走。*Hearing the good news, he jumped to his feet with great joy.
听到这个好消息, 他高兴地跳了起来。
*Now that you have grown up, you must learn to stand on your own feet. 既然你已经长大成人, 就得学会独立生活。【语块积累】
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
jump to one’s feet 跳起
stand on one’s own feet 自立; 独立自主【即学活用】
①Seeing the manager come in, the staff ___________
____. ?
看见经理进来了, 员工们站起身来。
②The old man fell over and _________________. ?
老人摔倒了, 挣扎着站起来。rose to their feetstruggled to his feet③The lion ________________and started running at the goat. ?
狮子一跃而起, 向山羊扑去。
jumped to his feet写一篇传记
【范例点评】
Tu Youyou, a famous female pharmacologist and scientist, was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on December 30th, 1930. In 1951, she was admitted into Beijing Medical
College, majoring in making medicine and graduated
in 1955. After graduation she has been working in
China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences as
Tenured&Chief Researcher. In 1969, she worked as
the leader of a research team aiming to discover atreatment for malaria. In 1972, she managed to
extract qinghaosu from a Chinese herb, which is very
effective in fighting malaria. In 1986, she obtained a
New Drug Certificate for qinghaosu, issued by the
Ministry of Health of China. To all the Chinese
people’s excitement, she won the Nobel Prize inPhysiology or Medicine for discovering a novel therapy against malaria in 2015, becoming the first female Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize. And in 2019, she was nominated for “The Greatest Person of the 20th Century. ”
We should learn from her and devote ourselves to scientific research. 【布局】
【文体解读】
1. 话题特点
传记是记载人物生平事迹的一种文体。主要是写名人或伟人的生平以及事迹。因此, 写人物传记时, 要抓住其出生年月、主要事迹、人们的评论等进行叙述, 一般按时间顺序来写。2. 话题词汇
①be born in 出生在
②encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
③set a good example to sb. 给某人树立了一个好的榜样
④graduate from毕业于⑤kind-hearted 好心的
⑥have a deep effect on 对……有深刻的影响
⑦be regarded as. . . 被认为是……
3. 话题句式(试着替换方框中的黑体部分, 变成你需要表达的意思)
(1)He/She was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century.
他/她是20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。
(2)He/She was born in 1911.
他/她出生于1911年。(3)He/She studied at a local high school and graduated
from Beijing University.
他/她曾就读于当地一所高中, 毕业于北京大学。
(4)He/She is such a learned/strong-willed person that
we all admire/respect him/her.
他/她是如此一个博学/意志坚强的人, 我们都很钦佩/
尊敬他/她。 (5)He/She devoted all his/her life to work.
他/她毕生都致力于工作。
(6)He/She made great contributions to our country.
他/她为我们国家做出了巨大贡献。
(7)He/She was highly thought of by many people.
他/她受到很多人的高度评价。 【迁移训练】
请根据以下内容写一篇80字左右的文章, 介绍中国科学家钱学森。
1. 1911年生于上海, 1935年赴美留学, 受到当时的著名科学家冯·卡门(Von Karman)的赞誉;
2. 1938年在美国获航空、数学博士学位; 3. 1950年获悉中国成立的消息, 克服了美国政府的百般阻挠, 于1955年成功地回到祖国;
4. 1958年起献身于航空航天研究工作, 为中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献, 被誉为“中国航天之父”;
5. 2009年在北京去世。
参考词汇: 航空航天研究工作aerospace science and research【遣词】
1. _____________被认为是?
2. ____________进修; 深造?
3. _____________高度评价?
4. ____________________获得博士学位?
5. ____________献身于?be regarded asfurther studythink highly ofobtain doctor’s degreebe devoted to6. _________去世?
7. ___________ n. 贡献
8. _______ v. 尊敬
pass awaycontributionrespect【造句】
1. 完成句子
(1)他1911年生于上海。
He ___________1911 in Shanghai. ?was born in(2)他于1935年赴美深造, 受到当时的著名科学家冯·卡
门的赞誉。
In 1935, he went to America _______________and
___________________by Von Karman. ?
for further studywas highly thought of(3)他于1938年在美国获航空、数学博士学位。
In 1938, he _________________________in aerospace science and mathematics in the US. ?obtained his doctor’s degree(4)1950年获悉中国成立的消息, 他克服了美国政府的
百般阻挠, 于1955年成功地回到祖国。
In 1950, he heard China had been founded and
_____________________________________in 1955
though the American government tried to stop him. ?succeeded in coming back to his homeland(5)他于1958年起献身于航空航天研究工作, 为中国的
航天事业做出巨大的贡献。
Since 1958 he __________________aerospace science
and research and ________________________the
cause of China’s aerospace. ?had been devoted tomade great contributions to(6)他被誉为“中国航天之父”。
He ______________the father of China’s space
program. ?
(7)他于2009年在北京去世。
In 2009, he ___________in Beijing. ?was regarded aspassed away2. 句式升级
(8)将句(1)、(6)合并为含有过去分词短语作定语的句
子
______________________________________________
__________________________?He, regarded as the father of China’s space program,was born in 1911 in Shanghai.【成篇】
Qian Xuesen, regarded as the father of China’s
space program, was born in 1911 in Shanghai. In 1935,
Qian went to America for further study and was
highly thought of by Von Karman. In 1938, he
obtained his doctor’s degree in aerospace science and
mathematics in the US. In 1950, he heard China hadbeen founded and succeeded in coming back to his homeland in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him. Since 1958 he had been devoted to aerospace science and research and made great contributions to the cause of China’s aerospace. In 2009, he passed away in Beijing.
Because of the love for his country and the great achievements, he has received the respect and admiration from his people.
The topic: “Person of the Year”——Tu Youyou
Pros:
She makes great contributions to the study of Chinese medicine.
She managed to extract qinghaosu which is effective in fighting malaria. She is the first woman who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in China.
. . .
Cons:
She only finds out qinghaosu. There are still more work to do for further study on
qinghaosu.
. . .
Your opinion: _________________________________
_____?I think Tu Youyou is the Person of theYear.The reason: _________________________________
_______________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
___________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_________________________?I recommend Tu Youyou as“Person ofthe Year”because she makes great contributions to the study of Chinese medicine. She managed to extract qinghaosu which is effective in fighting malaria. Andshe is the first woman who won the Nobel Prize inPhysiology or Medicine in China. I admire her passion for the study on qinghaosu. 【导语】
《金银岛》描述的是十八世纪中期英国少年吉姆组织探险队前往金银岛去挖掘宝藏的冒险故事。他们经历的冒险至今还吸引着许多读者去冒险去寻宝。Treasure Island (excerpt)
We had some heavy weather, which only proved
the qualities of the Hispaniola. Every man on board
seemed well content, and they must have been hard to
please if they had been otherwise; for it is my belief
there was never a ship’s company so spoiled sinceNoah put to sea. Double grog was going on the least excuse; there was duff on odd days, as, for instance, if the squire heard it was any man’s birthday; and always a barrel of apples standing broached in the waist for anyone to help himself that had a fancy.
‘Never knew good come of it yet, ’ the captain said to Dr Livesey. “Spoil forecastle hands, make devils. That’s my belief. ”
But good did come of the apple barrel, as you shall hear for if it had not been for that, we should have had no note of warning, and might all have perished by the hand of treachery. This was how it came about.
We had run up the trades to get the wind of the
island we were after—I am not allowed to be more
plain—and now we were running down for it with a
bright lookout day and night. It was about the last day
of our outward voyage by the largest computation;
some time that night, or at latest before noon of themorrow, we should sight the Treasure Island. We
were heading S. S. W. and had a steady breeze abeam
and a quiet sea. The Hispaniola rolled steadily,
dipping her bowsprit now and then with
a whiff of spray. All was drawing alow and aloft;
everyone was in the bravest spirits because we were
now so near an end of the first part of our adventure. Now, just after sundown, when all my work was over and I was on my way to my berth, it occurred to me that I should like an apple. I ran on deck. The watch was all forward looking out for the island. The man at the helm was watching the luff of the sail and whistling away gently to himself, and that was the only sound excepting the swish of the sea against the bows and around the sides of the ship. I got bodily into the apple barrel, and found there
was scarce an apple left; but sitting down there in the
dark, what with the sound of the waters and the
rocking movement of the ship, I had either fallen
asleep or was on the point of doing so when a heavy
man sat down with rather a clash close by. The barrel
shook as he leaned his shoulders against it, and I wasjust about to jump up when the man began to speak. It was Silver’s voice, and before I had heard a dozen words, I would not have shown myself for all the world, but lay there, trembling and listening, in the extreme of fear and curiosity, for from these dozen words I understood that the lives of all the honest men aboard depended upon me alone. 译文:
金银岛(节选)
我们遇到过一些坏天气, 而那只是证实了伊斯班袅拉号的质量。船上的每个人看来都很满足, 否则他们一定就是不知足的人; 因为, 在我看来, 自诺亚方舟下水以来, 从未有哪只船的船员像他们那样被放纵。只要有一点借口, 就要饮双倍的酒; 不时地有肉馒头吃, 比方乡绅听说那天是某人的生日; 还有, 总有一大桶苹果打开来放在船当腰的地方, 谁爱吃就自己去拿。
“从没听说这么做会带来什么好处, ”船长对利弗西医生说。“放纵手下, 招致灾难。这是我的信条。”
但是那桶苹果确实带来了好处, 就像你将要听到的那样: 因为要是没有它, 我们就不会得到警报, 可能我们就会被叛逆之手统统干掉了。
事情是这样发生的。 我们赶到了贸易风, 以便乘风抵达我们要去的
岛——我不能说得更明白了——而我们现在正驶向它,
由一个视力好的人日夜观望。照最长的估算, 那大约
是我们航程的最后一天; 在那晚, 或者说最迟在次日午
时之前的某个时刻, 我们就会看到宝岛了。我们的航
向是西南, 微风徐徐地吹着舷侧, 海面平静无浪。伊斯班袅拉号翻卷着浪花稳定地推进着, 不时升起又降下它的第一斜桅。所有的帆都鼓满了风; 每个人都精神饱满, 因为我们现在离探险第一阶段的末尾是那样地近了。
当时, 日头刚刚落下, 我干完了所有的工作, 正在往我的铺位路上走的时候, 我忽然想吃一个苹果。我跑上了甲板, 观望者正全神贯注在向前注视着岛屿的出现, 掌舵的人正在看风使舵, 并且自个儿轻轻地吹着口哨; 除了海水拍打船头和船舷的嗖嗖声外, 那就是唯一的声音了。 我整个身子跳进了苹果桶, 这才发现里面一个苹
果也不剩了; 但是, 在黑暗中坐在里面, 听着水声, 伴着
船身的上下起伏, 我不觉打起盹来, 或者说就快要睡着
了, 这时一个大个子扑通一声靠着桶坐下来。由于他
的肩膀倚在桶上, 桶摇晃起来, 就在我想要跳起来的时
候, 这个人开始讲话了, 是西尔弗的声音, 还没等我听上几句, 我就再不想暴露自己了, 而只是蜷伏在里面, 战战兢兢地听着, 怀着极度的恐惧和好奇; 就从这十来句话当中, 我已明白, 船上所有诚实的人的性命都系在我一人身上了。
课件73张PPT。Unit 2 Making a difference
Starting out & Understanding ideasⅠ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. make a ___________(贡献)to
2. give patients _____(减轻, 缓解)from pain
3. freshwater ________(短缺)
4. take ________(有效的)measures
5. _____(资助)water projectscontributionreliefshortageeffectivefund6. ______(回收利用)waste water
7. ____(挣)money
8. ______(捐赠, 捐献)money
9. set up a __________(基金会)
10. have the courage and ____________(不屈不挠, 坚
持不懈)to make his dream a realityrecycleearndonatefoundationperseveranceⅡ. 选词填空
make a difference, under control, earn money, set up,
at first, give up, at the same time, no longer, be
grateful to, break into a smile
1. I didn’t like running ______, but I enjoy running
very much now. ?at first2. It is very hard to work and study ______________. ?
3. She _______playing the piano because she did not
have much talent for music. ?
4. When a thing has been used, it is _________new. ?
5. It took the firefighters several hours to bring the
fire ____________. ?at the same timegave upno longerunder control6. This school _________in 1978 so it has a history of
more than 40 years. ?
7. He has to ___________to support his family. ?
8. As teachers, we must believe that we can _______
_________to the lives of our students. ?was set upearn moneymake adifference9. When the little girl saw her birthday presents, she
________________. ?
10. I _____________all the doctors for their painstaking
care when I was ill. ?broke into a smileam grateful toⅠ. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构teacherwellprimarywelcomedfoundationperseveranceⅡ. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息
1. What was wrong with the water in some developing African countries?
A. The countries were too dry to have enough water.
B. The wells were too far away and the water was dirty.
C. People didn’t want to walk to fetch water.
D. People used too much water and polluted it. 2. How did Ryan earn money at first?
A. He asked his parents for money.
B. He earned money by selling his toys.
C. He earned money by doing some housework.
D. He earned money by cleaning windows in the classroom. 3. How much money should Ryan raise if he wants to build two wells for the African people?
A. $75. B. $150.
C. $2, 000. D. $4, 000. 4. Which of the statements is NOT true according to Paragraph 4?
A. Ryan was very nervous so he left quickly.
B. Ryan saw the finished well with his own eyes.
C. The students in Uganda welcomed Ryan warmly.
D. Ryan was happy to see he really had made a difference for the children. 答案: 1～4. BCDAⅢ. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用
1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。译文: 作为一个6岁的加拿大学生, Ryan很难相信他的
老师所说的话——_______________________________
_______________许多非洲发展中国家的人无法获得足够的清洁水。译文: 几个月后, Ryan筹集了2, 000美元, ___________
_________________________________用这些钱在乌干达的一所小学附近建了一口井。2. 根据课文完成短文。
Six-year-old Canadian schoolboy Ryan couldn’t
believe that many people in (1)__________ (develop)
African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. So,
Ryan decided (2) _______(earn) money to build a single
well somewhere in Africa. He (3) _______(clean)
windows and did gardening for his family anddevelopingto earncleanedneighbours, reaching his first target of $70 soon. But
he (4) ________(tell) that $70 wasn’t enough for a well.
He started to ask for help from his classmates and
neighbours and persuaded (5) _____(they) to donate
money. At (6) ___same time, a friend of Ryan’s
mother helped make his story go public. After severalwas toldthemthemonths, Ryan had raised the $2, 000, with (7) ______a
well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The
children at the school were grateful (8) __him and
invited him to visit. He (9) _____(real) had made a
difference for these children. ?
whichtoreally Later, Ryan set up a foundation to encourage
more people to help. Many (10) ________(inspire)
people gave him their support. Today, over 800, 000
people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited
from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water. inspired3. 阅读主题活动
Talk about the following questions in pairs, and find
out the best answer.
(1)What kind of person do you think Ryan is?
答案: Ryan is a determined and helpful boy. ?(2)As a senior high school student, what can you do to help people in need?
答案: I can offer food and hot water to the homeless people. And I can also donate my pocket money to help the children in poor areas. ?【阅读微技巧】1. contribution n. 贡献; 捐献; 投稿
*Yuan Longping made great contributions to the development of agriculture.
袁隆平为农业的发展做出了巨大的贡献。*More and more people are willing to contribute food and clothes to the homeless people.
越来越多的人愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。
*His visit contributed to a better understanding between the two countries.
他的来访增进了两国间更好的理解。【语块积累】
(1)make contributions to 对……做出贡献
(2)contribute v. 是……的原因之一; 捐赠, 捐献
contribute. . . to. . .
把……捐献给……; 给……撰稿
contribute to
为……做出贡献; 有助于, 增进; 导致; 给……投稿【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①His bad eating habits might have contributed __ his
heart disease.
②Chinese scientists have made outstanding
____________(contribute) to the progress of human
civilization. tocontributions③(2019·浙江高考)Many factors ___________
(contribute)to the decline(下降), said Patrick
Mclntyre. contributed(2)As pastoral poets, both Meng Haoran and Wang
Wei ________________________the Chinese classical
poetry. ?
作为山水田园诗人, 孟浩然和王维都对中国古典诗歌
做出了重大贡献。
made great contributions to2. relief n. 减轻, 缓解
*To their parents’ relief, the children were sent to the hospital safely and took the medicine that relieved them of their pain.
父母感到宽慰的是, 孩子们已被安全地送到了医院, 并且吃下了缓解他们疼痛的药。*It was a great relief to find that my family were all safe.
看到我的家人安然无恙, 我感到极大的欣慰。【语块积累】
(1)to one’s relief 令某人感到欣慰的是
in relief 轻松地
It is a relief to do sth. 做某事很放心/舒心
(2)relieve v. (疼痛/问题)减轻, 缓解
relieve sb. of. . . 使某人摆脱……【即学活用】语法填空
(1)It was a relief _____(be) able to talk to someone
about it. ?
(2)I breathed __ relief when I heard she was safe.
(3)___ our great relief, the accident caused little
damage.
(4)It will relieve her __ a huge burden. to beinToof3. under control 在控制中
*The officer said the situation was under control.
这位官员称局面已经得到控制。
*Firemen said they had brought the big fire under control.
消防员说他们已经把大火控制住了。*The car was out of control and knocked into a tree.
轿车失去了控制, 撞到一棵树上。
*You’ve got to learn to control yourself.
你得学会自我控制。【语块积累】
take control of 控制; 接管
bring sth. under control 控制某事/物
lose control of 失去对……的控制
out of control 失去控制
control oneself 控制自己【即学活用】
(1)George _____________the company when his
father died. ?
乔治的父亲去世后, 乔治接管了这家公司。
(2)If you can’t learn to ______________, you’ll have
to leave. ?
如果你不学会控制自己, 你就得离开。took control ofcontrol yourself(3)We spent several hours bringing the fire ______
_______. ?
我们花了几个小时才控制住火势。undercontrol4. effective adj. 有效的, 产生预期效果的
*(2019·北京高考)Now we need volunteer managers aged 25—75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes.
现在我们需要25到75岁的志愿者管理人员。他们对我们各项方案的安全和有效运作极为重要。*Every word from the parents will have an effect on their children.
家长说的每一句话都将对孩子产生影响。
*The suggestions were adopted and would be brought/put/carried into effect.
这些建议得到了采纳, 并被付诸实施。【语块积累】
effect n. 效果, 作用; 影响
have an effect on 对……有影响
bring/carry/put. . . into effect 使……实施/生效
come into effect=take effect 开始生效, 开始实施
in effect=in fact/in reality 事实上; 实际上【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The new rules should be put ____effect as soon as
possible.
②As far as I’m concerned, punishment had very
little effect ___him. intoon③It is a very ________(effect) way to learn the
language and improve your pronunciation.
(2)The new law will _______________________from
April. ?
新法律将从四月份生效。effectivecome into effect/take effect5. donate vt. 捐赠
*Would you like to donate an unusual gift?
你是否想要赠送一份特殊的礼物?
*On receiving their letter, I decided to make a donation to help their campaign.
一收到他们的信我就决定捐赠资助他们的活动。*Medical science has proved that donating blood is good for the donor both physically and spiritually.
医疗科学证实: 献血有益于献血者的身心健康。【归纳拓展】
(1)donate sth. to. . . 向……捐赠某物
(2)donation n. [C]捐赠物
[U]捐赠, 赠送
make a donation(donations) 捐赠
(3)donor n. 捐赠者【即学活用】
(1)用donate的适当形式填空
The school-bus was _______to them by a motor
company and they received _________from other
______as well.
(2)He has decided to ______half of his wealth __
charities.
他决定把自己的一半财富捐献给慈善机构。donateddonationsdonorsdonateto6. And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?
为什么水这么脏以至于让他们生病了?
【句式解构】
本句中so. . . that. . . 意为“如此……以至于……”, 其中so为副词, 修饰形容词dirty; that为连词, 引导结果状语从句。(1)so. . . that. . . 引导的结果状语从句:
so+adj. /adv. +that. . .
so+adj. +a/an+单数名词+that. . .
so+ many/few+可数名词复数+ that. . .
so+ much/little+不可数名词+that. . . (2)such. . . that. . . 引导的结果状语从句:
such+a/an+adj. +单数名词+that. . .
such+adj. +可数名词复数/不可数名词+that. . .
(3)为强调so. . . that. . . 引导的句式中的形容词或副词, 可以把so放在句首, 主句中用部分倒装结构。*She was so excited that she couldn’t say anything.
她是如此激动以至于说不出话来。
*They played so happily that they forgot the time.
他们玩得如此愉快以至于忘了时间。 *He is so good a boy that we all like him.
他是如此好的一个男孩以至于我们都喜欢他。
*This is such an interesting book that I like to read it.
这是一本如此有趣的书以至于我很喜欢读它。【名师点津】so little还是such little?
当名词前有little, 若little 意为“少”, 表示数量时, 则其前用so修饰; 若little 意为“小”, 则用such 修饰。【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①He liked it __ much that he quickly walked into the
shop.
②He made ____ great progress that his parents were
pleased with him.
③There is __ little time left that I have to leave at once. sosuchso(2)句型转换
④The girl was so beautiful that she won the
championship in the beauty contest.
→So ___________________that she won the
championship in the beauty contest. 世纪金榜
导学号?
⑤She is such a kind teacher that we all like her.
→She is _______________that we all like her. ?beautiful was the girlso kind a teacher7. The more wells you dig, the better the world will be. ?
你挖的井越多, 世界就越好。
【句式解构】
本句中“The more. . . , the better. . . ”为“the+比较级……, the+比较级……”句型, 意为“越……, 越……”, 表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。*The more you practice, the better your spoken English will be.
你练习得越多, 你的英语口语就会越好。
*My hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.
我的家乡正在变得越来越美。【名师点津】
(1)“the+比较级. . . , the+比较级. . . ”句型意为“越……, 越……”。第一个“the+比较级. . . ”相当于条件状语从句, 表程度; 第二个“the+比较级. . . ”相当于主句, 表结果;
(2)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。【即学活用】
(1) __________you study, __________________you
will make. ?
你学习越努力, 你取得的进步就越大。
(2)Tom becomes ______________________now. ?
汤姆现在变得越来越自信。The harderthe greater progressmore and more confident【一语闻天下】
1. The Medal of the Republic is given to those with great contributions and distinguished service for the Party, the country and the people.
“共和国勋章”授予为党、国家和人民的事业作出巨大贡献、功勋卓著的杰出人士。2. The Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon actor Chow Yun-fat has said he will donate his fortune to charity after he dies.
《卧虎藏龙》的演员周润发表示, 在他去世后, 他将把自己的财富捐给慈善机构。3. Nezha has earned rave reviews and is rated higher than Monkey King: Hero is Back. It is also China’s first 3D animated feature film released in IMAX format.
影片《哪吒之魔童降世》好评如潮, 评分比《西游记之大圣归来》还要高。这也是中国首部IMAX格式的3D动画电影。 【要点拾遗】
shortage n. 短缺, 不足, 缺乏
*The bad harvest led to severe food shortages.
歉收造成食物严重短缺。
*WTO is short for the World Trade Organization.
WTO是世界贸易组织的缩写。*I cannot help you because I am short of money too.
我帮不了你, 因为我也缺钱。
*A shepherd’s name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short.
一个牧羊人的名字叫汤姆斯, 不过别人都简称他为汤姆。*In short, my life will be much richer and more colorful.
总之, 我的生活将更加丰富多彩。【语块积累】
short adj. 短的; 短缺的, 紧俏的
be short for 是……的缩写/简称
be short of 缺少; 缺乏
for short 简称; 缩写为
in short 总之, 简言之
to be short 简单地说【巧学助记】UN is short for the United Nations. So, we call it UN for short. In the past, the world was short of fairness. But, nowadays, with the help of UN, we are living in a fair world. In short, I believe, the world will become better and better!
UN是联合国的简称, 因此, 我们简称联合国是UN。在过去, 世界缺乏公平。但是现在, 在联合国的帮助下, 我们生活在一个公平的世界中。总之, 我相信世界将会变得越来越好! 【即学活用】语法填空
①—What does IOC mean?
—It is short ___ the International Olympic Committee.
②Remote rural areas were short __ doctors and
medicine in the past.
③__ short, everyone should take part in the fight
against the haze. forofIn④In the past, People died because of ________(short)
of medicine.
shortage课件25张PPT。Unit 2 Making a difference
Using language过去分词作定语
【语用功能】
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。从语法功能分析, 过去分词兼有动词、形容词或副词的特性, 可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。过去分词通常与其逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系, 表示被动和完成。【情境探究】 Which one should I choose if I am thirsty now?
观察上面图片及对话, 完成下列题目
(1)图片对话中, 属于过去分词的是______, 在句中作
_____。
(2)图片中boiling water意为: _____________, boiled
water意为: _____。由此可知, 这个女孩马上能喝的是
______water。boiled定语正在沸腾的水开水boiled【要义详析】
一、过去分词作定语的位置
1. 单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前; 过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。*The government decided to rebuild the damaged bridge.
政府决定重新修建那座被毁坏的大桥。
*I am fond of the food cooked by your mother.
=I am fond of the food that is cooked by your mother.
我很喜欢你妈妈做的饭菜。【名师点津】有些过去分词表示特定含义, 单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之后, 如left(剩余的), given(所给的), concerned(有关的)等。另外, 单个过去分词作定语修饰代词时, 应该放在被修饰的词后面。*There is a little time left. Let’s hurry up.
剩余时间不多了, 咱们快点吧。
*He is one of those invited.
他是那些被邀请的人之一。2. 有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置, 意义不变, 但有些过去分词置于被修饰词前后的位置不同, 则意义也不相同。
*All the broken windows have been repaired.
=All the windows broken have been repaired.
所有坏了的窗户都已经修理好了。*The method used is very efficient.
所用的这个方法很有效。
*This is a used car worth only 5, 000 yuan.
这是一辆只值5 000元的旧车。【名师点津】有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化, 常见的这类过去分词有: disappointed(失望的), moved(感动的), interested(感兴趣的), surprised(感到惊讶的), shocked(震惊的, 震撼的), puzzled(迷惑不解的), frightened(受惊吓的)等。【即学活用】
(1)句型转换
①The house which was built 100 years ago stood still
after the earthquake.
→The house _________________stood still after theearthquake. ?
built 100 years ago②I like the gift which is given by my best friend for
my birthday. 世纪金榜导学号
→I like the gift ___________________________
________. ?
given by my best friend for mybirthday(2)The ____________(被污染的河)gives off a terrible
smell. ?
(3)The _____________(激动的人们)finally cooled
down. ?
(4)He was then a teacher _________________________
(受所有学生尊敬的). ?polluted riverexcited peoplerespected by all the students(5)Most of the guests _________________________(被
邀请到我的生日晚会的)were my school friends. ?invited to my birthday party二、过去分词作定语的意义
1. 及物动词的过去分词作定语, 具有完成和被动两层含义。
steamed bread 馒头
boiled water 开水2. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语, 只表示动作的完成, 无被动之意。
a fallen tree 一棵倒下的树
a retired worker 一位退休工人【即学活用】汉译英
①受伤的工人 _______ workers
②受感动的学生们 ______ students
③浇过的花 _______ flowers
④落叶 _____ leaves
⑤归国留学生 ________ students from abroadinjuredmovedwateredfallenreturned三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别*The meeting held yesterday was very important.
昨天开的会非常重要。
*Who is the man working there? 在那儿工作的那个人是谁?
*The bike being repaired is mine. 正在修的自行车是我的。*Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing?
你想见那位将从北京被请来的医生吗?
【即学活用】语法填空
①There are many beautifully _________(decorate)
houses in our area.
②The idea _________(present) by Peter is much
simpler. decoratedpresented③This is the problem ______________(discuss) now. ?
④The airport ______________(complete) next year
will help promote tourism in this area. ?
⑤Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy
time _____(spend) with his students. being discussedto be completedspent课件33张PPT。Unit 2 Making a difference A woman baked chapatti for members of her family and an extra one for a hungry passerby. She kept the extra chapatti on the window sill. Every day, a hunchback came and took away the chapatti. Instead of expressing gratitude, he muttered the following words as he went his way: “The evil you do remains with you; The good you do comes back to you! ” The woman felt irritated. “Not a word of gratitude, ” she said to herself. . . “Every day this hunchback utters this jingle! What does he mean? ” One day, she decided to do away with him. She added poison to the chapatti she prepared for him! As she was about to keep it on the window sill, her hands trembled. “What is this I am doing? ” she said. Immediately, she threw the chapatti into the fire and prepared another one. As usual, the hunchback came, picked up the chapatti and muttered the words: “The evil you do remains with you; The good you do comes back to you! ” Every day, as the woman placed the chapatti on the window sill, she offered a prayer for her son who had gone to a distant place to seek his fortune. That evening, there was a knock on the door. As
she opened it, she was surprised to find her son
standing in the doorway. He was hungry and weak. As
he saw his mother, he said, “Mom, it’s a miracle I’m
here. While I was about a mile away, I was so
famished that I collapsed. I would have died, but just
then an old hunchback passed by. He was kindenough to give me a whole chapatti. He said, “Your need is greater than mine! ”
She remembered the poisoned chapatti that she had made that morning. Had she not burnt it in the fire, it would have been eaten by her own son! It was then that she realized the significance of the words: “The evil you do remains with you; The good you do comes back to you! ” Do good and don’t ever stop doing good, even if it is not appreciated at that time.
一个女人给家人烤薄饼, 还留出一个给饥肠辘辘的路人。她总是把留出的那个放在窗台上, 每天都有一个驼背的人来拿走薄饼。他没说过一句“谢谢”, 反而总是边走边嘟哝着: “善有善报, 恶有恶报! ”
女人很生气, 她自言自语地说: “这个驼背人从没说过谢谢, 却每天都重复这句话他是什么意思呀? ”一天, 她决定弄死他, 就在为他准备的薄饼上下了毒。 她正要把饼放在窗台上, 手就开始颤抖了, 她说: “我在做什么? ”她马上把饼扔进了火里, 重新做了一张。一切照旧, 驼背人来了, 拿起薄饼, 嘟哝着: “善有善报, 恶有恶报! ”
每天女人把饼放窗台上时都为去远方赚钱的儿子祈祷。 那天晚上, 有人敲门, 她打开门惊讶地发现儿子站在门口, 他很饿很虚弱。一看见妈妈他就说: “妈妈, 我能回来真是奇迹。离家还有大约一英里远的时候, 我太饿了走不动了。我差点儿就死了, 但就在那时一个驼背的老人路过, 他很善良给了我一整张饼。他说: ‘你比我更需要它’。” 她想起了那天早上做的有毒的饼, 要不是她把饼烧了, 就会被她儿子吃了!
那时她才意识到这句话的重要性: “善有善报, 恶有恶报! ”多行善举, 即使当时不被人感激也要坚持下去。 【导语】You Raise Me Up是典型Secret Garden的风格, 浑厚的男声能让你的听觉彻底沦陷, 间奏的风笛更是让人深陷音乐深海之中无法自拔。?注: 听音填空
You Raise Me Up
When I am down and, oh my soul, so weary;
When troubles come and my heart burdened be;
Then, I am still and wait here in the silence,
Until you come and sit a while with me.
You raise me up, so I can stand on mountains; You raise me up, to walk on stormy seas;
I am strong, when I am ①________________; ?
You raise me up. . . to more than I can be.
You raise me up, so I can stand on mountains;
You raise me up, to walk on stormy seas;
I am strong, when I am on your shoulders; on your shouldersYou raise me up. . . to more than I can be.
You raise me up, so I can stand on mountains;
You raise me up, to walk ②_____________; ?
I am strong, when I am on your shoulders;
You raise me up. . . to more than I can be.
You raise me up, so I can stand on mountains; on stormy seasYou raise me up, to walk on stormy seas;
I am strong, when I am on your shoulders;
You raise me up. . . to more than I can be.
You raise me up. . . to more than I can be. 【词海拾贝】【听力微语系列】
巧解计算类题目
1. 听清数据, 简要记下, 加以运算。比如, 在获取时间信息时, 不要误把会话中提到的时间简单确定为问题的答案, 有时需要进行简单的时间换算。2. 数字类问题分为辨别类和计算类两种:
(1)要注意区分-teen和-ty及four和five的发音; 学会辨别多位数, 如电话号码、门牌等。(2)计算时间、钱款、距离、年龄、人或物的数量等时, 要听出数字间的关系, 更要听清问题, 因为对运算方法的要求通常寓于问题中。同时, 要注意more, less, as much(many)as, another, double, a couple of, to, past, quarter, 尤其记住时间是六十进制。如出现几个数字, 应注意鉴别问的是哪一个。【即时训练】
听对话回答下列问题。
1. What did the man like
when he was in college?
A. Rock music.
B. Classical music.
C. Pop music. 2. How much is the man’s TV set?
A. $ 150. B. $ 300. C. $ 450.
3. What did the woman do last Saturday?
A. She attended a meeting.
B. She stayed at home.
C. She travelled in Atlanta. 答案: 1～3. ACB【听力原文】
Text 1
W: Have you always liked classical music?
M: No. I’ve liked classical music recently. When I was in college, I liked rock music.
W: Well, in fact I’m really into pop music. Text 2
W: I bought a second-hand TV set on sale yesterday. It cost me $150.
M: Only $150? Mine cost three times as much! Text 3
M: I thought you were going to attend a meeting in Atlanta last Saturday.
W: I was planning to, but I haven’t been feeling well, so I stayed at home.
歌曲译文:
你鼓舞了我
当我失落的时候, 噢, 我的灵魂, 感到多么疲倦;
当有困难时, 我的心背负着重担,
然后, 我会在寂静中等待,
直到你的到来, 并与我小坐片刻。你鼓舞了我, 所以我能站在群山顶端;
你鼓舞了我, 让我能走过狂风暴雨的海;
当我靠在你的肩上时, 我是坚强的;
你鼓舞了我……让我能超越自己。
你鼓舞了我, 所以我能站在群山顶端;
你鼓舞了我, 让我能走过狂风暴雨的海; 当我靠在你的肩上时, 我是坚强的;
你鼓舞了我……让我能超越自己。
你鼓舞了我, 所以我能站在群山顶端;
你鼓舞了我, 让我能走过狂风暴雨的海;
当我靠在你的肩上时, 我是坚强的;
你鼓舞了我……让我能超越自己。你鼓舞了我, 所以我能站在群山顶端;
你鼓舞了我, 让我能走过狂风暴雨的海;
当我靠在你的肩上时, 我是坚强的;
你鼓舞了我……让我能超越自己。
你鼓舞了我……让我能超越自己。温馨提示：
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课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. He is a generous(慷慨的)person who always helps others.
2. They had to move into temporary(临时的)accommodation.
3. Chinese is one of the world’s major(主要的)languages.
4. We need further(更多的)consideration on this matter.
5. No one knew how to treat this dreaded disease(疾病)at that time.
6. I’m waiting for the confirmation(证实)of the news.
7. Every young couple get a marriage certificate(证书)after they get married.
8. He considers it his mission(使命)to help people in this area become rich.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
be confident about, come up with, play an important role in, be suitable for, rise to one’s feet, pass away, take in, in danger
1. My grandfather passed away last week, peacefully in his sleep. ?
2. He is very clever and can often come up with good ideas. ?
3. All the people rose to their feet when the hero came in. ?
4. He gave his life to save the animals in danger. ?
5. Computer plays an important role in our study and our life. ?
6. The course is suitable for English beginners. ?
7. The students found it hard to take in what their teacher had taught. ?
8. He studies very hard so I am confident about his progress. ?
Ⅲ. 结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型, 根据提示写一篇50词左右的短文。
1. 华佗, 中国古代著名的医生, 无论病人贫富贵贱都毫不犹豫地(hesitate to do)给他们治疗(treat)。
2. 有时, 他甚至免费为穷人提供药物(drug)。
3. 他认为帮助病人重新获得(obtain)健康是他的职责(mission)。
4. 华佗在公元208年去世。
Huatuo, a famous doctor in ancient China, never hesitated to treat the patients, whether they were rich or poor. Sometimes, he even offered the poor drugs for free. He thought it was his mission to help the patients obtain health again. Huatuo passed away in 208 A. D.
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课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. He was awarded a prize for his contribution(贡献)to world peace.
2. The water shortage(缺乏)in north China is serious.
3. The local people lined up to donate(捐献)money to the earthquake-hit area.
4. He earns(挣)about $40, 000 a year.
5. I’ve got an insight(顿悟)into the problem.
6. They showed great perseverance(不屈不挠)in the face of difficulty.
7. This brought a considerable relief(减轻)from the pain.
8. The government took effective(有效的)measures to reduce the price.
9. We should recycle(回收利用)the used things, such as paper.
10. You should be clear about the internal(内部的)structure of a building.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
make a difference, under control, earn money, set up, at first, give up, turn out, no longer, be grateful to, break into a smile
1. The parents broke into a smile when they heard their son had passed the exam. ?
2. She took the doctor’s advice and gave up smoking. ?
3. Don’t be worried, because everything is under control. ?
4. So far, the government has set up three new schools for the peasant workers’ children. ?
5. He has to earn money to pay the high tuition for his son. ?
6. What the teacher said made a difference to my future. ?
7. At first he didn’t agree, but later he did. ?
8. Thousands of people turned out for the funeral. ?
9. My hometown is no longer what it used to be. ?
10. I am grateful to you for your timely help. ?
Ⅲ. 结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型, 根据提示写一篇50词左右的短文
1. 去年, 一个基金会(foundation)资助了(fund)当地人民, 以帮助他们修建一个饮水池(fountain)。
2. 然而, 由于缺乏有效的(effective)措施保护水资源, 这个地区的水短缺(shortage)问题越来越严重(比较级+and+比较级)。
3. 现在, 人们不再(no longer)浪费水了, 并且尽可能地再利用(recycle)水。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
Last year, a foundation funded the local people in order to help them build a water fountain. However, because of lacking effective measures to protect water resources, the problem of water shortage in this area is more and more serious. Now, people no longer waste water and recycle water as much as possible.
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课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. The problem being discussed (discuss) now has something to do with our work. ?
2. The problem discussed(discuss) yesterday has something to do with our work.
3. Nobody knows the topic to be discussed(discuss) tomorrow. ?
4. The foreign guests, followed (follow) by a translator, came out of the meeting hall.
5. Did you take part in the activity organized (organize) by our school?
6. In the past, some people used trained (train) monkeys to make money, travelling from one place to another.
7. The lost (lose) time can never be found again.
8. In the museum I saw a lot of paintings painted (paint) by some famous painters.
9. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words used (use) in daily conversations.
10. I cannot accept an opinion offered (offer) to me unless it is based on facts.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. The polluted air is bad for our health. ?
污染的空气对我们的健康有害。
2. Last weekend, Jane ate a nice breakfast cooked by her grandmother. ?
上周末, 简吃了一顿她外婆做的美味早餐。
3. The students encouraged by the teacher study even harder. ?
受到老师鼓励的学生们学得更努力了。
4. The building being built now is our classroom building. ?
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
5. The visitor came from a developed country. ?
这位游客来自一个发达国家。
【语法主题应用】
用含有过去分词作定语的句子结构简要描述一次参观画展的经历。
1. 一天, 我和同学们一起参观了一次由学校组织(organise)的画展。
2. 200多幅优秀的绘画作品在展览上展出(show)。
3. 那些同龄人画(paint)的作品令人惊叹。
4. 在这些作品的启发(inspire)和鼓舞(encourage)之下, 我打算更努力地学习绘画。
One day, my classmates and I went to an exhibition of paintings organised by our school. There were more than 200 excellent paintings showed on the exhibition. We were amazed by these works painted by those with the same age of us. Inspired and encouraged by these works, I decided to learn how to paint with more efforts.
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课时素养评价
五 Unit 2 Using language
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Mrs White showed her students some old maps borrowed (borrow) from the library.
2. The man followed (follow) by our teacher is our new headmaster.
3. The part played (play) by women in our society is very important.
4. The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing (stand) in one corner.
5. The problem discussed (discuss) last Friday attracted the attention of everyone present at the meeting.
6. Use the enclosed envelope to return your completed(complete) survey.
7. She had a worried (worry) look on her face because she failed the exam.
8. The tower being built (build) now in the distance will be completed in two months. ?
9. What do you think of the meeting held (hold) yesterday?
10. There are still many problems to be solved (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the moon. ?
Ⅱ. 句型转换
1. This book, which is written in simple English, is suitable for beginners.
→This book, written in simple English, is suitable for beginners. ?
2. Everybody attended the meeting that was held last week.
→Everybody attended the meeting held last week. ?
3. There is a car that is waiting outside.
→There is a car waiting outside. ?
4. The girl, who was brought up by her grandparents, has begun to work now.
→The girl, brought up by her grandparents, has begun to work now. ?
5. Tsinghua University, which was founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
→Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. ?
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
(2019·黄山高一检测)
Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects(物品). Why do we often think that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less. ?
I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund (基金)(our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor).
For weeks, I’ve been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ball — simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.
We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文, 作者通过引导孩子主动捐献玩具, 并从玩简单玩具中获得快乐的做法阐述了一个生活哲理: 简单的物品也能激发快乐。
1. What do the words “more is more” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? ?
A. More money, more worries.
B. Enough is enough.
C. The more, the better.
D. Earn more and spend more.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。在第一段中作者通过Why do we often think这样的语句来说明他并不支持more is more这一观点, 随之提出了live more with less(拥有的更少, 活得更精彩)这一主张, 并在后文中加以印证, 所以这里more is more与下文的live more with less形成了一种对比, 是“越多越好, 多多益善”的意思。
2. What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?
A. Saving up for her holiday.
B. Raising money for a poor girl.
C. Adding the money to her fund.
D. Giving the money to a sick mother.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知, 女儿愿意卖几件玩具, 是因为我们承诺把钱放入她的上学基金。因此女儿卖几件玩具的原因是想增加她的上学基金。
3. What did the author do in Paragraph 3?
A. He tried out an idea.
B. He thought of many questions.
C. He helped his son start a hobby.
D. He trained his son’s attention.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? 可知, 作者一直在试图想找到一个办法, 让孩子们养成“物品少也能生活得很愉快”的习惯, 为了找到这个办法, 作者去和儿子Shepherd玩球。
4. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Take It or Leave It B. Live More with Less
C. A Lesson from Kids D. The Pleasure of Giving
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文第一段最后一句The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less是全文的中心句, 第二、三段分别以女儿和儿子的事例来支持文章的中心观点: 生活其实并不需要过多的外在物质, 简单的生活一样可以过得很充实很精彩。因此B项Live More with Less最适合做文章的标题。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
(2019·天门高一检测)
When you 1. __________(hurt) deeply by someone, you may feel it very difficult 2. __________ (remove) your anger. But forgiving is possible and it can be 3. __________ great benefit to your health. Up to now, a research
4. __________ (show) that people who forgive have more energy, better appetite and better sleep. “People who forgive show 5. __________ (little) anger and more hopefulness, ” says Dr. Frederic Luskin, 6. __________ wrote the book Forgive for Good. “So it can help reduce the tiredness and allow people to feel more 7. __________ (energy). ”?
So when someone hurts you, cool down first. Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure. Don’t wait for an 8. __________ (apologise). “Many times the person who hurt you may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things in the same way. ” says Dr. Luskin. ?
Next keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting
9. __________ the person has done to you. Finally, try to see things from that person’s opinions. To achieve it, just put 10. __________ (you) in that person’s place. ?
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文, 主要论述了在生活中我们要学会原谅别人、宽恕别人, 并详细分析了原谅别人的原因和方式。
1. 【解析】are hurt。考查时态及语态。句意: 当你被某人深深地伤害时, 你可能会觉得很难消除你的愤怒。根据句意可知, 本句表示一般性的事实, 故应用一般现在时, 且主语you和动词hurt之间是被动关系, 故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态are hurt。
2. 【解析】to remove。考查动词不定式。句意参考上题。本句中it作形式宾语, 不定式短语作真正的宾语, 故本空应填不定式to remove。
3. 【解析】of。考查介词。句意: 原谅是有可能的, 并且对你的健康有很大的好处。本空前为系动词be, 空后为抽象名词benefit, 故本空应用介词of, 构成“be of+抽象名词”, 这时的of短语相当于这个名词的同根形容词, 作表语表示主语的性质或特征。
4. 【解析】has shown。考查动词时态。句意: 到目前为止, 一项研究已经表明, 原谅别人的人更有活力、食欲和睡眠更好。根据句中Up to now可知, 本句应用现在完成时态。
5. 【解析】less。考查形容词比较级。句意: 宽恕的人表现出更少的愤怒和更多的希望。根据空后比较级more hopefulness可知, 本空应用little的比较级形式less。
6. 【解析】who。考查非限制性定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词Frederic Luskin, 本空在从句中作主语指人, 故应用关系代词who。
7. 【解析】energetic。考查形容词。句意: 因此, 它有助于减少疲劳, 让人们感觉到更有活力。feel是连系动词, 故本空应用形容词energetic作表语。
8. 【解析】apology。考查名词。句意: 不要等待道歉。本空在句中作宾语, 根据空前冠词an可知, 本空应用名词apology。
9. 【解析】what。考查宾语从句。句意: 要记住, 原谅并不一定意味着接受这个人对你所做过的事情。本空引导宾语从句, 本空在从句中作宾语指物, 意为“……的事情”, 故本空应填what。
10. 【解析】yourself。考查代词。句意: 为了做到这件事, 把你自己放在那个人的位置上。本空所在句为祈使句, 句子主语应为you和本空提示词为同一人称, 故本空应用反身代词yourself。
Ⅲ. 完形填空
(2019·长沙高一检测)
I was appointed to tend to this patient several weeks ago and began to grow closer to her. Communicating with her was 1 because everything she wanted to say to me had to be written on a notepad. As a nursing graduate, I was able to 2 her mind by observing even a slight 3 in a patient’s facial expression. ?
One day, when I was checking the patient, she 4 me on the shoulder to show me a note, “Do you think I could be let go 5 the hospital in a month to see my niece get married? ” Taking her hand in mine, I told her that I could not 6 her, because I did not want to leave her a false sense of hope. 7 , I made her believe that I would be there with her every step of the way on her journey toward 8 . Hearing that, the patient gave me a smile and a hug. ?
Day by day, I built her 9 by walking around the floor with her. As I did this, I could see before my own eyes that her health was 10 improving and able to walk more steadily. On her last day in hospital, just before her niece’s 11 , she wrote me one last note, “I couldn’t have done this without you; I love you. ”After kissing goodbye, I had a strong sense of achievement. I realized that moments like this were 12 I woke up early for 13 in the hospital and spent long hours with her. I truly felt, and her note confirmed, that I was an 14 part of this woman’s recovery. My experience with this patient shows me that this career allows me to touch the 15 of people in ways that people in other fields will never get to experience. ?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了作者作为一名护士, 悉心地照顾一位行走不便的病人。同时他们之间的交流也只能是纸面上的交流。通过作者的照顾病人得以出院, 作者自己也感受到了成就感。
1. A. difficult B. funny C. simple D. interesting
【解析】选A。根据空后because everything she wanted to say to me had to be written on a notepad可知, 她所想要对我说的事必须得写在笔记本上, 所以可知与她交流是困难的(difficult)。funny滑稽的; simple简单的; interesting有趣的。
2. A. see B. write C. read D. feel
【解析】选C。作为护理专业毕业生, 我能够通过观察一些细微的表情而读懂(read)她的想法。see看见; write写; feel感觉。
3. A. worry B. change
C. pain D. excitement
【解析】选B。甚至在她脸上细微的表情变化(change), 我都能察觉出。worry担心; pain痛苦; excitement激动。
4. A. tapped B. hit
C. knocked D. struck
【解析】选A。她轻拍了(tapped)一下我的肩膀。hit打击; knock敲; strike打击, 撞击。
5. A. of B. to C. in D. from
【解析】选D。她问我一个月后她是否可以从医院里出来。let go from sth. 从……释放, 故选D项。
6. A. disappoint B. promise C. comfort D. trust
【解析】选B。我告诉她我不能给她保证(promise)。disappoint使失望; comfort安慰; trust相信。
7. A. Therefore B. Besides
C. However D. Furthermore
【解析】选C。根据后文, 我使她相信我会一步也不离开她, 所以前后是转折关系(However), 故选C项。Therefore因此; Besides此外; Furthermore而且。
8. A. death B. success
C. destination D. recovery
【解析】选D。在她通往康复(recovery)的旅程中, 我会一直陪伴着她。death死亡; success成功; destination目标; recovery恢复。
9. A. future B. strength
C. habit D. awareness
【解析】选B。随着时间的推移, 我通过搀扶她走路, 逐渐地增强了她的力量(strength)。future未来; habit习惯; awareness意识。
10. A. slowly B. completely
C. rapidly D. finally
【解析】选A。她的健康正在缓慢地(slowly)改善, 并且能够走得更加平稳了。completely完整地; rapidly快地; finally最后。
11. A. presence B. visit
C. wedding D. presentation
【解析】选C。根据前文中Do you think I could be let go ______the hospital in a month to see my niece get married? 可知, 她想参加她侄女的婚礼(wedding)。presence存在; visit拜访; presentation展示。?
12. A. what B. why C. when D. how
【解析】选B。根据前后文的意思, 我有了一种成就感, 我意识到, 像这样的一刻, 就是我早起在医院工作的原因(why)。what表事物; when表时间; how表方式。
13. A. work B. school C. office D. exercise
【解析】选A。作者的身份是护士, 因此作者在医院工作(work)。school学校; office办公室; exercise锻炼。
14. A. irrelevant B. insignificant
C. instructive D. important
【解析】选D。我是这个女人康复之路之中的重要的(important)一部分。irrelevant不相干的; insignificant无关紧要的; instructive有指导性的。
15. A. fortunes B. shoulders
C. lives D. tears
【解析】选C。根据句意, 我和病人相处的经历使我明白, 这个行业帮助我接触到别人的生活(lives)。fortunes命运; shoulders肩膀; tears眼泪。
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课时素养评价
六 Unit 2 Developing ideas
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. After a week’s treatment (treat), the football player recovered from his injury.
2. The majority (major) of children want to have a dog for companionship.
3. Without hesitation (hesitate), she leaped into the water and saved the child who fell in water.
4. I’m going to treat them with more consideration.
5. You should assist your mother with the housework. She is too tired.
6. We just stay here temporarily (temporary). Tomorrow we will move to a new house.
7. They had a real sense of achievement (achieve) when the work was finished.
8. Marriage without registration (register) is not recognized by law.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. Suddenly, he came up with a good idea. ?
突然, 他想到了一个好主意。
2. This material is suitable for making work clothes. ?
这种材料适合做工作服。
3. When the expert arrived, all the students rose to their feet. ?
当专家到达时, 所有的学生站起身来。
4. I am very confident about his success. ?
我对他的成功很有信心。
5. My grandmother passed away in the hospital last week. ?
我的祖母上个礼拜在医院里过世了。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2019·醴陵高一检测)
One evening I was going back from a supermarket. As I was approaching my car, I noticed that some person came and stood beside me. He was the one that could be considered as a bum. It seemed that he had no car, no home and no job. I thought that he would ask me for money, but he did not do that, he only said: “Your car is very nice”.
After several moments of silence, I replied: “Thanks”, and then the inner voice told me, “Ask him if he needs help”. After a short hesitation I asked him if he needed any help. His response was astonishing. I will never forget those simple three words that I heard from him —“Don’t we all? ”
It was a true discovery to me. I needed help. Although I had money and a place to sleep, I recognized that I needed help too. Then I opened my wallet and gave him enough money to get a meal and some shelter for a day.
Suddenly I understood that no matter how much money we have, we all need help. On the other hand, no matter how poor you are and how many material problems you have, you still might offer your help to others and you still might be giving. Even it’s just a nice word, you can give that and it can be priceless to other persons.
Maybe that man was just a homeless stranger, but to me he was more than that. Maybe he was sent by the Highest Loving Power personally to me to open my eyes and to show me that there is one thing, among all other values, which is very important and irreplaceable for each and every person. Actually, it is a true gift and it is called Giving.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了某一个晚上作者从超市出来要回到车上时, 遇到了一个流浪汉。作者询问他是否需要帮助, 而流浪汉的三个字“Don’t we all? ”让作者突然领悟到了我们所有人: 无论是高低贵贱, 都需要得到帮助同时也需要给予帮助。
1. The underlined word “bum” in Paragraph 1 can be a person ______. ?
A. who needs money
B. who is a homeless man
C. who is willing to help others
D. who is sent by the Highest Loving Power
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第一段中It seemed that he had no car, no home and no job 可知, 他似乎没有车, 没有家, 也没有工作, 所以他可能是个无家可归的人。因此 bum 意为“一个无家可归的人”。
2. Why did the writer give enough money to the man?
A. The writer had enough money to help.
B. He needed money to eat and have a rest.
C. His words gave the writer deep thoughts.
D. The writer is kind and always helps others.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中I will never forget those simple three words that I heard from him — “Don’t we all? ”以及第三段中Although I had money and a place to sleep, I recognized that I needed help too 可知, 不是只有流浪汉需要帮助, 就算“我”有钱花, 有地方睡觉, “我”也会需要帮助。他的话让“我”感触很深, 于是“我”给了流浪汉足够多的钱。
3. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Not everyone needs help.
B. Giving is as important as receiving.
C. The rich should help the poor.
D. A helping and touching word can help others.
【解析】选D。 推理判断题。根据第四段中Even it’s just a nice word, you can give that and it can be priceless to other persons 可知, 哪怕是一句话, 对其他人来说也是无价的。D项意为“一个帮助和感动的词语可以帮助别人”, 符合题意。故D项正确。A项, “不是每个人都需要帮助”。与文意相反。故A项错误。B项, “给予和接受一样重要”。本文主要谈论给予, 并没有提及给予与接受同样重要。故B项错误。C项, “富人应该帮助穷人”。本文未提及。故C项错误。综上, 故选D项。
4. What did the writer probably get from the man?
A. True meaning of giving.
B. True meaning of being rich.
C. True meaning of values.
D. True meaning of gifts.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句 Actually, it is a true gift and it is called Giving 可知, 流浪汉的一句话使作者明白了“给予”的真正含义。
B
(2019·淮北高一检测)
Scientists have found that human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays(紫外线)while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach, according to a report by the UK newspaper The Telegraph.
The researchers at Kanazawa Medical University, Japan and American company Johnson conducted the study together. They looked at the effects of light reflection on newly fallen snow on a ski trail (a rough path) in Ishikawa District, northern Japan. They compared the results with the levels of UV rays on a sand beach in southern Japan’s Okinawa District. They found that on the beach, eyes are exposed to a daily 260 kilojoules(千焦耳)of UV a square meter compared to 658 kilojoules in snow-covered areas. The findings are supported by the Japan Meteorological Agency. According to the agency, the reflection rate of UV light on beaches is often between 10 and 25 percent, compared to 80 percent in the new snow areas. The amount of light increased 4 percent with a 300-meter rise in height.
Most of us know that UV rays can harm the skin. That’s why we wear sunscreen on our skin before we get out in the sun. But many of us may not realize that UV rays are also harmful to the eyes.
If your eyes are exposed to large amounts of UV radiation over a short period of time. You may experience a kind of sunburn of the eyes, which is harmful. Your eyes will become red and feel a strange feeling. They may be sensitive to light. Fortunately, this is usually temporary and seldom causes permanent damage to the eyes.
Long-term exposure to UV radiation, however, can be more serious. Scientific studies and researches have shown that exposure to small amounts of UV radiation over a period of many years increases chance of eye damage, which could lead to total blindness.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了人们在户外滑雪时受到的紫外线辐射比人们在沙滩上坐着受到的紫外线辐射更强, 对人眼睛的伤害更大。
5. You would most likely find the article in ______. ?
A. a medical magazine B. a travel journal
C. a doctor’s diary D. a physics textbook
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 本文主要介绍了科学表明人们在户外滑雪时受到的紫外线辐射比人们在沙滩上坐着受到的紫外线辐射更强, 对人眼睛的伤害更大。所以这篇文章最可能出现在医学杂志上, 故选A项。
6. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Eye exposure to small amounts of UV rays may cause total blindness.
B. Short-time exposure of the eyes to UV rays doesn’t harm them at all.
C. Most people know that UV rays harm the eyes as well as the skin.
D. The study was conducted only by researchers from Japan.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Scientific studies and researches have shown that exposure to small amounts of UV radiation over a period of many years increases chance of eye damage, which could lead to total blindness. ”可知, 眼睛如果长达数年暴露在少量的紫外线中, 就可能会造成完全失明, 故选A项。
7. If a place is 1, 500 meters higher, the amount of light increases ______. ?
A. 4 percent B. 12 percent
C. 20 percent D. 50 percent
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中“The amount of light increased 4 percent with a 300-meter rise in height. ”可知, 高度每增加300米, 光的数量就会增加四个百分点, 所以1500米是300米的5倍, 4×5=20, 故选C项。
8. What will the passage most probably talk about next?
A. Never ski on newly fallen snow in Japan.
B. Measures to protect your eyes while skiing in new snow areas.
C. Wearing a hat can provide protection while skiing in new snow areas.
D. Go to hospital to have your eyes examined.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章最后一段介绍了暴露在紫外线中, 眼睛所受到的伤害程度, 因此接下来一个自然段会讲到在一个新下雪的地方滑雪时需要采取的一些保护措施, 故选B项。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
Although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesn’t mean that we let them rule our lives forever. One day or the other, you’ll have to stand up and say—problem, I don’t want you in my life.
1 Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children—the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. Problems come in different shapes and colors and feelings. ?
But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.
Talk, it really helps. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. 2 Talking helps you move on and let go. ?
Write your problems. 3 When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life. ?
Don’t lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money, family. . . you should still have faith. 4 ?
Your problems aren’t the worst. No matter what problem you get in life, there are another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. 5 Your problems might just seem big and worse, but in reality they can be removed. ?
Go about and solve your problems because every problem, however big or small, always has a way out.
A. Tell yourself: when they can deal with them, why can’t I?
B. With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.
C. Of course, we’ve been fighting problems ever since we were born.
D. We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.
E. Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t want a real person to talk with.
F. When we have a problem, a pressing, critical, urgent, life-threatening problem, how do we try and solve it?
G. But the truth is that when you talk about it, you’re setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you.
【文章大意】本文介绍了如何处理生活中遇到的问题。比如, 要取得别人的帮助, 要有信心, 碰到问题不要灰心、泄气等。
1. 【解析】选C。根据第一段中“you’ll have to stand up and say—problem, I don’t want you in my life. ”和第二段中“Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children—the list goes on. ”可知, 问题伴随一个人的一生, C项“当然, 自从我们出生的那一刻起, 我们就在和问题作斗争”起到了衔接上下文的作用, 故选C。
2. 【解析】选G。根据本段中What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. (大多数人都会认为, 自己的问题只有自己能够解决, 说出来也没有用。)而G项内容是强调把问题说出来能够释放内心积压的消极情绪, 表示一种转折, 故选G。
3. 【解析】选E。根据“Write your problems. . . When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. ”可知, 本段的建议是人们可以通过写下问题来排解内心的紧张, 而E选项Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t want a real person to talk with. 内容符合语境, 而且diary是信息词, 故选E。
4. 【解析】选B。根据“Don’t lose faith and hope. . . you should still have faith. ”可知, 本段强调的是无论何时都不要失去信念和希望, 而B选项With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose. 也是告诫人们只要有信念和希望, 就能重建生活, 内容可以承接上文, 故选B。
5. 【解析】选A。根据“No matter what problem you get in life, there are another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. ”可知本段讲的是自己遇到的问题不会比他人的严重。而A项“告诉自己: 他们都能把问题解决掉, 自己为什么不能? ”符合语境, 故选A。
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课时素养评价
四 Unit 2 Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Much to my relief, my mother recovered after the operation.
2. With her experience, she would have no trouble getting (get) a job.
3. We should find effective (effect) ways to reduce the loss of our company.
4. Many areas are short of water that meets the standard.
5. He made a very positive contribution to the success of the project.
6. Many countries in Africa are developing (develop) countries.
7. His plan was to become (become) an engineer at first but he became a famous singer at last. ?
8. The boy donated all his pocket money to the charity.
9. What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality (real).
10. One day, the potter forgot to take the rope, with which he tied the donkey every day.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. The more we do for the people, the happier we’ll be. ?
我们为人民做得越多, 我们就越幸福。
2. It’s raining harder and harder. ?
雨下得越来越大了。
3. There are so many interesting books that I don’t know which to choose. ?
有那么多有趣的书, 我不知道该选哪本了。
4. It is such clean water that I can see the fishes in it. ?
水如此清澈以至于我都能看见里面的鱼。
5. Gehrig had trouble throwing and catching the ball. ?
格里克在投球和接球方面有困难。
6. What is right for us need not be right for others. ?
对我们来说是对的东西, 对别人来说未必正确。
7. He was determined to become a world-class player. ?
他决心成为世界级选手。
8. What you have told me may make a difference to my own position. ?
你告诉我的一切, 可能影响我自己的看法。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2019·重庆高一检测)
Every summer, my family and I visit our relatives in India and whenever we travel, my parents always remind me to drink only bottled or boiled water. On one of my trips to India, I saw children drinking water from the roadside. I was troubled to learn that millions of people, most of them children in developing countries, die each year because of water related diseases.
Living in the US, I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water(饮用水), while one sixth of the world’s population lacks access to clean water. This year, I entered the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge. In late June, I learned that I was selected as one of the top 10 national finalists of this famous middle school science competition. Over the summer, I worked with Dr. Jim Jonza, my Scientist mentor(导师)from 3M, and developed a system that uses solar energy to purify water. My invention is green and cost effective, and I am looking forward to implementing this in places that are affected by harmful water pollution.
In October, my family and I flew to 3M Headquarters in St Paul, Minnesota, where the final event was to be held. For the last challenge, each of us had to present the invention we had been working on over the summer. The first place winner would win $25, 000, a trip to Costa Rica, and the title of America’s Top Young Scientist. At the awards ceremony, all of us waited anxiously until one of the judges, Danny Forester, started announcing “The winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge is. . . ”You could hear a pin(大头针)drop as he opened the paper with the winner’s name, “Deepika Kurup! ”
As America’s Top Young Scientist, I was given an opportunity to show my invention on national television and deliver several presentations. One of the most important things I have learned is that communication and teamwork are key to success.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了作者通过一次去印度的经历, 发现人们缺乏清洁水, 就此得到启发回国后与Jim Jonza博士合作, 开发了一个利用太阳能的净水系统。
1. Why does the author mention her visits to India?
A. To express her great love for India.
B. To show the problem of unclean water.
C. To explain the importance of relatives.
D. To compare eastern and western cultures.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知, 每年有数百万人死于与水有关的疾病, 其中大多数是发展中国家的儿童。由此可以推断出, 作者提到自己去印度的经历是为了说明人们缺乏清洁水的问题, 故选B项。
2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “implementing” in Paragraph 2?
A. Researching B. Changing
C. Finishing D. Using
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据划线句前一句My invention is green and cost effective可知, 作者的发明很环保、高效且节约成本, 因此作者期待将它应用到受有害的水影响的地区。故划线词implementing是“应用”的意思。
3. How did the audience react as Forester opened the paper with the winner’s name?
A. They appeared calm.
B. They let out shouts of joy.
C. They sat quiet.
D. They dropped pins to the author.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知, Forester宣布获奖时所有观众都屏住呼吸, 你甚至可以听到大头针落地的声音。由此可知观众都非常安静地坐着, 故选C项。
4. How is the text mainly organized?
A. In order of time.
B. In order of complexity(复杂性).
C. In order of place.
D. In order of importance.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据全文可知, 作者主要按时间顺序回顾了自己在发现教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中夺冠的经历, 故选A项。
B
(2019·新郑高一检测)
While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students in Auckland, New Zealand. They became the world’s first kids to be “taught” by a digital teacher, Will. Before you start imagining a human-like robot walking around the classroom, Will is just an avatar(化身, 虚拟人物)that turns up on the students’ desktop, tablet, or smartphone screen when called.
Thanks to a digital camera and microphone, the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non-verbal signals. For example, if a student smiles at Will, he responds by smiling back. This two-way communication not only helps draw the students’ attention, but also allows the program’s developers to monitor their involvement(参与)and make changes if needed.
Vector’s Chief Digital Officer, Nikhil Ravishankar, believes that Will—like avatars could be a new way to attract the attention of the next generation. He says, “Using a digital human is a very popular method to deliver new information to people, and I have a lot of hope in this technology as a means to deliver rich and educational experience in the future. ” Greg Cross, the Chief Business Officer for Soul Machines, states that kids who have grown up in this digital time adapt to new technology quickly, and he hopes to develop the idea of digital humans in the area of educate further.
The program, in place since August 2018, has been a great success so far. However, no mater how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon. For one, the avatar’s knowledge base is severely limited. But more importantly, even the smartest digital avatars could never predict and react to all the unexpected situations that educators have to deal with on a daily basis. However, it could come in handy as a “personal teacher”, providing kids with one-on-one help on the subjects or even topics.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了新西兰奥克兰的一所学校用数字老师教课, 本文介绍了数字老师的特点和需要改进的地方。
5. What is mentioned about Will in the first paragraph?
A. He is a human-like robot teacher.
B. He is the first robot teacher in the world.
C. He is a digital teacher teaching in a school.
D. He will walk across the classroom to you when called.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中They became the world’s first kids to be “taught” by a digital teacher, Will. 可知, Will是在一所学校教书的数字老师, 故C项正确。
6. In what way does the digital teacher help the students?
A. By taking part in discussion.
B. By changing teaching methods.
C. By communicating with students.
D. By monitoring students’ behavior.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中. . . the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non-verbal signals. 可知, Will不仅可以回答学生们的问题, 还可以接收非语言信号; 再根据This two-way communication not only helps draw the students’ attention, but also allows the program’s developers to monitor their involvement and make changes if needed. 可知, 这种双向的交流不仅有助于吸引学生注意力还能够让程序研发人员掌握他们的参与情况并做出更改。由此可知, 数字老师是通过与学生交流来帮助他们的, 故C项正确。
7. What is Greg Cross’s attitude toward the digital teacher?
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful.
C. Uncaring. D. Dissatisfied.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中最后一句可知, Greg Cross认为, 在这个数字时代长大的孩子很快就适应了新技术, 他还希望在教育领域进一步发展数字人的理念。由此可以推断出, Greg Cross对数字老师持支持的态度, 故A项正确。
8. What can be inferred about the digital teacher from the last paragraph?
A. It has entered many homes as kids’ private teacher.
B. It will teach in class in place of human educators.
C. It’s good at handling unexpected situations.
D. It remains to be improved.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中第三句和第四句可知, 数字老师在以下两方面还有不足——知识库有限以及不能处理教学过程中出现的意外情况。由此可知, 数字老师仍有待改进, 故D项正确。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
(2019·黄冈高一检测)
Earthquake can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.
If you’re inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. 1 Drop to the ground. Get under an object(物体)that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a comer formed by two walls with your arms over your hand. If you’re in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow. ?
2 Don’t take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. 3 ?
If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing. Use your cell phone to call for help if possible. Don’t shout. 4 Tap(敲)on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you. ?
Be prepared for aftershocks. 5 However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position(位置)after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place. ?
A. Don’t move about or kick up dust.
B. If you’re outside, go to an open space.
C. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.
D. Don’t park your car under a tree or any tall object.
E. Take a good hold of your cell phone in the building.
F. They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.
G. Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了在地震中防止死亡和受伤的一些安全知识。
1. 【解析】选G。根据空前句If you’re inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. 可知, G项和上句有对应的关键词: people inside buildings try to go out, 而且G项(当室内的人们尽力出去的时候, 大多数的伤亡就会发生。)也能承接上句。
2. 【解析】选B。根据空后Don’t take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. (不要在树下、街灯下、电线杆下或高楼下躲避。)可知, B项(如果你在外面, 你就要到一个开阔的地方。)符合本段的意思。
3. 【解析】选D。因D项有与本段上文相同的句式结构(即Don’t. . . ), 且D项(不要把车停在树下或任何一个高的物体之下。)是补全主题的其他细节, 也能承接上文, 其中tree和tall object也与上文中tree和fall or collapse相呼应。
4. 【解析】选C。根据空前句Don’t shout. 可知, C项中有相对应的关键词: shouting, 且C项(大喊会使你吸入灰尘。)正好承接上句。
5. 【解析】选F。根据本段的主题句Be prepared for aftershocks. 和空后的描述可知, F项(余震在地震后的最初几个小时里就可能发生。)正好说明主题的细节, 而且和空后的句子构成转折关系。
【阅读多维训练】根据阅读理解A填空
1. My invention is green and cost effective, and I am looking forward to implementing this in places that are affected by harmful water pollution.
分析: 本句是一个复合句, 由and 连接。第二个分句中包含由that引导的定语从句, 修饰先行词places。
译文: 我的发明是绿色的, 低成本效益高, 我期待着能在受有害的水污染影响的地方应用它。
2. One of the most important things I have learned is that communication and teamwork are key to success.
分析: 本句为复合句。I have learned 为省略that的定语从句修饰先行词One of the most important things; 主句中包含that引导的表语从句。
译文: 我学到的最重要的事情之一就是沟通和团队合作是成功的关键。
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