Unit 5 HUMANS AND NATURE
主题语境——人与自然之自然环境
【语境概说】 本单元的主题语境为人与自然。该主题语境主要涉及人与环境、人与动植物等。该主题与学生生活的方方面面密切相关。通过本单元的学习，学生在语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等方面将得到融合发展。
Nature, to be commanded, must be obeyed.
欲驾驭自然必先顺之。
We won’t have a society if we destroy the environment.
如果我们毁坏了环境，社会也就不复存在。
We make the world we live in and shape our own environment.
我们创造自己生活的世界，塑造我们自身的环境。
Section Ⅰ Topic talk
Ⅰ.Pre－listening—Translate the following words and phrases.
1．hurricane n． 飓风
2．landslide n. 滑坡；塌方
3．volcanic adj. 火山的；由火山作用引起的
4．eruption n. 爆发
5．wildlife n. 野生动植物；野生生物
6．comment n. 评论；意见
7．crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满人的
8．landscape n. 风景；景色
9．living adj. 活的；活着的
10．weed n. 野草；海藻
11．deer n. 鹿
12．insect n. 昆虫
13．whale n. 鲸
14．dolphin n. 海豚
15．kangaroo n. 袋鼠
16．climate n. 气候
17．ecology n. 生态；生态学
18．shock vt. 使震惊；使难以置信
19．lecture n. 讲座；讲课；演讲
20．overuse vt. 过度使用；滥用
21．million n. 百万
22．greenhouse n. 温室，暖房
23．turn one’s back (on sb/sth) 对(某人/某事)置之不理，对(某人/某事)撒手不管
24．title n. 题目，标题
Ⅱ.While－listening
1．Finish Ex.2 on Page 28.
2．Finish Ex.4 on Page 29.
Ⅲ.Post－listening—Listen to Activity 2 again and fill in the blanks.
(P＝Presenter SH＝Sarah Hughes)
P：And you are now on Radio Richmond.We’ve got Sarah Hughes from West London Wildlife.Sarah, do you teach people about ①nature in this part of London?
SH：Yes, we’re lucky.Actually, the whole city is quite green.About 66 percent of the city ②is__covered__with water or green space.Amazing, isn’t it? And there are ③three__million private gardens.
P：Three million? Wow!
SH：Yes.It’s great for wildlife.You can see different kinds of birds—there are ④over__350.And there are other interesting animals too, like deer.My ⑤favourite animals are deer.We’ve got them here in Richmond Park.
P：Talking about nature, what about the Thames River?
SH：Well, there’s less ⑥water__pollution now than fifty years ago.In fact, there are about 120 different kinds of fish in the river.
P：And climate change?
SH：I think our climate is definitely changing.And the greenhouse effect is quite ⑦obvious．For example, the winters aren’t as cold these days and we don’t get snow very often.
P：And other ⑧environmental__problems?
SH：The biggest environmental problems are air pollution and noise pollution from cars and airplanes.Nearly forty days a year in London ⑨suffer__from dangerous levels of pollution.That’s very worrying.
P：OK, thanks a lot, Sarah, for ⑩sharing with us.
Ⅰ.(1)Brainstorming—Talk about what comes to your mind when you see the word“Nature”．
Rivers，gardens，water，parks，woods，fields，mountains，green，space__etc.
(2)Say something about each aspect.
There__are__many__rivers__in__the__nature.Some__of__them__are__short,__and__the__water__is__shallow__and__clear.But__some__are__long__and__the__water__is__very__deep__and__flows__quickly.In__the__past__some__were__polluted，but__now__they__are__clear__and__some__fishes__are__swimming__in__the__rivers__cheerfully.
Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.
1．Actually, the whole city is quite...事实上，整个城市都很……
[仿写] 事实上，整个城市都很漂亮/安静/绿色/繁忙/拥挤。
Actually, the whole city is quite beautiful/quiet/green/busy/crowded．
2．About 66% of the city is covered with...约66%的城市被……覆盖。
[仿写] 约66%的城市被水/绿地/花园/湖泊/公园/河流/森林覆盖。
About 66% of the city is covered with water/green__space/gardens/lakes/parks/rivers/forests．
3．It’s great for wildlife.You can see different kinds of...
这对野生动植物很好。你可以看到不同种类的……
[仿写] 这对野生动植物很好。你可以看到不同种类的植物/树/花/动物/鸟/鱼/昆虫。
It’s great for wildlife.You can see different kinds of plants/trees/flowers/animals/birds/fish/insects．
4．There’s less...now than fifty years ago.The biggest environmental problems are...and...现在比五十年前有更少的……最大的环境问题是……和……
[仿写] 现在比五十年前有更少的噪音污染/空气污染/水污染。最大的环境问题是干旱/气候变化/地震/山崩和洪水/森林火灾/飓风/暴风雨。
There’s less noise pollution/air pollution/water pollution now than fifty years ago.The biggest environmental problems are drought/climate change/earthquake/landslide and flood/forest fire/hurricane/storm．
Ⅲ.According to the quotes，talk about your understanding of the relationship between humans and nature.
1．Nature is kind of a loving mother, but also a butcher in cold blood.
自然不仅是慈爱的母亲，也是冷血的屠夫。
2．Animals are such agreeable friends—they ask no questions, they pass no criticisms.动物是极容易相处的，它们从不提问，也从不会批评。
3．Those who contemplate the beauty of the earth find reserves of strength that will endure as long as life lasts.
那些凝视地球之美的人会找到持续一生的力量储备。
4．When man is happy, he is in harmony with himself and his environment.
人类幸福之时，亦即人类自身和谐生活、且与环境和谐共处之时。
5．There is a pleasure in the pathless woods.There is a rapture on the lonely shore.There is society, where none intrudes.By the deep sea, and music in its roar; I love not man the less, but Nature more.
无径之林，常有情趣；无人之岸，几多惊喜；世外桃源，何处寻觅；聆听涛乐，须在海里。爱我爱你，更爱自然。
The__relationship__between__human__beings__and__nature__is__win-win__and__co-prosperity,__not__just__conquest,__transformation.Since__the__relationship__between__human__beings__and__nature__is__a__partnership__and__friendship,__it__requires__human__beings__to__overcome__short-sighted__and__quick-sighted__ideas__and__establish__a__scientific__concept__of__harmony__between__human__beings__and__nature.Human__beings__are__required__to__love__and__protect__nature.Human__beings__are__required__to__adapt__to__nature__and__make__use__of__the__inherent__laws__of__nature__to__create__a__better__life.
Ⅰ.语言知识积累
关于人与自然的常用语
1．We should get along with the nature harmoniously.
我们应该和自然和谐相处。
2．It is the responsibility of everybody to protect the nature.
保护大自然是我们每个人的责任。
3．Because of great damage to nature we will get punishment from nature.
我们对自然的破坏会得到大自然给予的惩罚。
4．Let’s protect the endangered animals and care for the natural environment.
让我们保护濒危动物，保护自然环境。
5．Only if/when we care for the nature can we take better care of our own living environment.
只有我们爱护自然，才能更好的保护好我们的生存环境。
6．Nature is very powerful, bringing us happiness as well as misfortune.
自然的力量是强大的，会给我们带来幸福，也会带来灾难。
7．We must be fully aware of the two sides of nature and protect the natural environment.
我们要充分了解自然的双面性，保护自然环境。
Ⅱ.文化知识习得
认识WWF
世界自然基金会(WWF)是在全球享有盛誉的、最大的独立性非政府环境保护组织之一。WWF1961年成立，总部位于瑞士格朗。WWF在全世界超过100个国家有办事处，拥有5 000名全职员工，并有超过500万名志愿者。WWF在中国的工作始于1980年的大熊猫及其栖息地的保护，是第一个受中国政府邀请来华开展保护工作的国际非政府组织。1996年，WWF正式成立北京办事处，此后陆续在全国八个城市建立了办事处。至今，WWF在中国共资助开展了100多个重大项目。WWF在中国的项目领域从大熊猫保护扩大到物种保护、淡水和海洋生态系统保护与可持续利用、森林保护与可持续经营、可持续发展教育、气候变化与能源、野生物贸易、科学发展与国际政策等领域。
WWF的使命是遏止地球自然环境的恶化，创造人类与自然和谐相处的美好未来。
Ⅲ.学习策略形成
连 读
1．“辅音＋元音”型连读：如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。例如听力原文中的
.
2．“r/re＋元音”型连读：如果前一个词是以－r或者－re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，r或re发/r/，要与后面的元音拼起来连读。例如听力原文中的And
million private gardens.
3．“辅音＋半元音”型连读：如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。例如听力原文中的 are now on Radio Richmond.
1．flood n．洪水，水灾 vt.& vi.淹没；(洪水般地)涌进；涌出(教材P28)
[合作探究]
The River Nile used to be in flood regularly every year.
尼罗河以前每年都定期泛滥。
There was a flood of complaints about the bad language after the show.
演出结束后，人们对其语言之拙劣议论纷纷。
After the news was broadcast，telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country.消息播出后，全国各地的电话像潮水般打来。
The market in the area is often flooded with cheap or false goods.
这个地区的市场常充满廉价或假冒的商品。
[自主发现]
①in flood 在泛滥
②a flood of 大量的
③flood...with．.. 使……充满(常用被动语态)
④flood in/into 大量涌入(某处)
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/翻译句子
①The golden sunlight flooded into my room.
②Japanese companies were accused of flooding the market with cheap steel.
③大雨过后河水泛滥了。
The__river__was__in__flood__after__the__heavy__rain.
④每年，大批的农民到达深圳找工作。
Every__year__a__flood__of__farmers__arrive__in__Shenzhen__for__jobs.
2．comment n．评论；意见 vi.& vt.表达意见；评论 (教材P28)
[合作探究] 体会comment的用法和意义
I won’t comment on this matter.我对此事不予置评。
He commented that it was an excellent film.
他评论说这部电影很精彩。
He made/give a comment on/about my performance.
他对我的表现进行了点评。
[自主发现]
①comment on/about 对……评论
②comment that__．.. 评论说……
③make/give comments on/about sth 评论某事
[词块积累]
no comment 无可奉告
[巩固内化]
完成句子/同义句转换
①I refuse to comment/make(give)__comments__on/about__his__work．
我拒绝对他的工作发表评论。
②He refused to comment on personal affairs of others.
→He refused to make__comments__on/about personal affairs of others.
3．crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的 crowd n．人群；大众；一伙；一堆 vt.& vi.挤；把……塞进
Actually, the whole city is quite crowded.(教材P28)
事实上，整个城市都很拥挤。
[合作探究] 体会crowd及其派生词的用法和意义
The great hall was crowded with audience that day.
那天大厅里挤满了听众。
I crowded (myself) into the crowd to see the famous star.
我挤进人群去看那位明星。
They noticed a crowd of/crowds of people shouting and cheering.
他们看到一大群人在喊叫欢呼。
[自主发现]
①be crowded __with ... 挤满，拥塞
②crowd...into 把……挤进
③a crowd of＝crowds of 一群，一堆，许多
[词块积累]
the crowd 人群，观众，群众
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①The shop was crowded with people.
②All the passengers crowded into a bus.
③In spring the place was crowded (crowd) with skiers.
④He prefers to be one of the crowd (crowd)．
⑤Crowds (crowd) of people poured out into the street.
⑥We have a very crowded (crowd) schedule.
⑦The crowd crowded into the stadium.
→The stadium was__crowded__with audience.
4．shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信 shocked adj.震惊的；震撼的 shocking adj.令人惊愕的
The two students were shocked at the lecture on nature.(教材P29)
这两个学生对关于自然的讲座感到震惊。
[合作探究] 体会shock的用法和意义
It shocks you when something like that happens.
发生那样的事情，你会觉得难以置信。
The news was a great shock to her.这个消息使她大为震惊。
They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag.
当他们看到挪威国旗时，感到非常震惊。
The public were shocked by/at this plane crash.公众被这起飞机失事震惊了。
[自主发现]
be shocked by/at__被……震惊
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①I was so shocked at the performance that I didn’t know how to describe it.
②It was a shock to learn that he’s badly ill.
③Grandmother thought it shocking (shock) for girls to wear jeans.
④Anyone touching that wire could get badly shocked (shock)．
⑤The disappearance of Flight MH370 was shocking__news (令人震惊的消息) to us.
⑥We were__all__shocked__at (对……感到震惊) the news of his sudden death.
Ⅰ.Listening
(Ⅰ)Listen to Dialogue 1 just once and choose the best answer.
What are the two speakers going to do tomorrow afternoon?
A．Go to the park. B．Go shopping.
C．See Joe and Linda.
答案 B
听力原文
W：This is a beautiful park.Shall we come again tomorrow?
M：Don’t we have to go shopping?
W：We can do that in the afternoon, and come here in the morning.
M：OK.And let’s bring Joe and Linda with us.
(Ⅱ)Listen to Dialogue 2 twice and choose the best answer.
1．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．Over the telephone.
B．At the woman’s home.
C．At an insurance company.
2．Why does the man talk to the woman?
A．To make a damage report.
B．To help her rebuild her house.
C．To show honesty in his business.
3．How many things were destroyed by the storm?
A．Three. B．Four.
C．Five.
答案 1.B 2.A 3.C
听力原文
M：Hello, Mrs.Miles, I’m from Sun Insurance.I’m visiting quite a few homes in this area actually.The storm did a lot of damage.
W：Well, you’ve been quick.I only phoned two days ago.
M：I know.Well, let’s start here at the front, shall we? Uh, you’ve got a lot of coverings missing off the roof.
W：Yes.The chimney was damaged as well.
W：Oh, yes.Some of the bricks have blown off.Anything else?
W：Um, you can see the bedroom window on the left was destroyed.I’ve just put some boards over it.
M：OK.Let’s walk round to the back.
W：Here we are.
M：Goodness, that tree’s fallen down right onto the fence!
W：Yes.It’s a real pity.That was a lovely tree.The shed roof was damaged too, I’m afraid.
M：I see.I’ve got all that.I’ll write up my report and we’ll let you have a check as soon as possible.
W：Thank you so much.
Ⅱ.Listening and talking
(Ⅰ)Listening—Listen to Dialogue 2 twice and fill in the blanks.
M：Hello, Mrs.Miles, I’m from Sun Insurance.I’m visiting ①quite__a__few homes in this area actually.The storm did a lot of ②damage．
W：Well, you’ve been quick.I only phoned two days ago.
M：I know.Well, let’s start here at the front, shall we? Uh, you’ve got a lot of ③coverings missing off the roof.
W：Yes.The chimney was damaged ④as__well．
W：Oh, yes.Some of the bricks have blown off.Anything else?
W：Um, you can see the bedroom window on the left ⑤was__destroyed.I’ve just put some boards over it.
M：OK.Let’s walk round to the back.
W：Here we are.
M：Goodness, that tree’s ⑥fallen__down right onto the fence!
W：Yes.It’s a real pity.That was a ⑦lovely tree.The shed roof was damaged too, I’m afraid.
M：I see.I’ve got all that.I’ll write up my report and we’ll let you have a ⑧check as soon as possible.
W：Thank you so much.
(Ⅱ)Talking—Make a dialogue with your partner to talk about something in nature.
The__answer__is__open.
课件35张PPT。Unit 5 HUMANS AND NATURE主题语境——人与自然之自然环境【语境概说】 本单元的主题语境为人与自然。该主题语境主要涉及人与环境、人与动植物等。该主题与学生生活的方方面面密切相关。通过本单元的学习，学生在语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等方面将得到融合发展。Nature, to be commanded, must be obeyed. 欲驾驭自然必先顺之。
We won’t have a society if we destroy the environment.
如果我们毁坏了环境，社会也就不复存在。
We make the world we live in and shape our own environment.
我们创造自己生活的世界，塑造我们自身的环境。Ⅰ.Pre-listening—Translate the following words and phrases.1．hurricane n．________________
2．landslide n. ________________
3．volcanic adj. ________________________
4．eruption n. ________________
5．wildlife n. ________________________Section Ⅰ Topic talk飓风滑坡；塌方火山的；由火山作用引起的爆发野生动植物；野生生物6．comment n. ________________
7．crowded adj. ________________
8．landscape n. ________________
9．living adj. ________________
10．weed n. ________________
11．deer n. ________________
12．insect n. ________________
13．whale n. ________________
14．dolphin n. ________________
15．kangaroo n. ________________评论；意见拥挤的；挤满人的风景；景色活的；活着的野草；海藻鹿昆虫鲸海豚袋鼠16．climate n. ________________
17．ecology n. ________________
18．shock vt. ______________________
19．lecture n. ____________________
20．overuse vt. ________________
21．million n. ________________
22．greenhouse n. ________________
23．turn one’s back (on sb/sth) ____________________________________________
24．title n. ________________气候生态；生态学使震惊；使难以置信讲座；讲课；演讲过度使用；滥用百万温室，暖房对(某人/某事)置之不理，对(某人/某事)撒手不管题目，标题Ⅱ.While-listening1．Finish Ex.2 on Page 28.
2．Finish Ex.4 on Page 29.Ⅲ.Post-listening—Listen to Activity 2 again and fill in the blanks.(P＝Presenter SH＝Sarah Hughes)
P：And you are now on Radio Richmond.We’ve got Sarah Hughes from West London Wildlife.Sarah, do you teach people about ①____________ in this part of London?
SH：Yes, we’re lucky.Actually, the whole city is quite green.About 66 percent of the city ②______________ water or green space.Amazing, isn’t it? And there are
③____________ private gardens.natureis covered withthree millionP：Three million? Wow!
SH：Yes.It’s great for wildlife.You can see different kinds of birds—there are
④____________.And there are other interesting animals too, like deer.My
⑤____________ animals are deer.We’ve got them here in Richmond Park.
P：Talking about nature, what about the Thames River?
SH：Well, there’s less ⑥____________ now than fifty years ago.In fact, there are about 120 different kinds of fish in the river.
P：And climate change?over 350favouritewater pollutionSH：I think our climate is definitely changing.And the greenhouse effect is quite
⑦____________．For example, the winters aren’t as cold these days and we don’t get snow very often.
P：And other ⑧______________________？
SH：The biggest environmental problems are air pollution and noise pollution from cars and airplanes.Nearly forty days a year in London ⑨____________ dangerous levels of pollution.That’s very worrying.
P：OK, thanks a lot, Sarah, for ⑩____________ with us.obviousenvironmental problemssuffer fromsharingⅠ.语言知识积累
关于人与自然的常用语1．We should get along with the nature harmoniously.
我们应该和自然和谐相处。
2．It is the responsibility of everybody to protect the nature.
保护大自然是我们每个人的责任。
3．Because of great damage to nature we will get punishment from nature.
我们对自然的破坏会得到大自然给予的惩罚。
4．Let’s protect the endangered animals and care for the natural environment.
让我们保护濒危动物，保护好自然环境。5．Only if/when we care for the nature can we take better care of our own living environment.
只有我们爱护自然，才能更好的保护好我们的生存环境。
6．Nature is very powerful, bringing us happiness as well as misfortune.
自然的力量是强大的，会给我们带来幸福，也会带来灾难。
7．We must be fully aware of the two sides of nature and protect the natural environment.
我们要充分了解自然的双面性，保护自然环境。Ⅰ.(1)Brainstorming—Talk about what comes to your mind when you see the word“Nature”．______________________________________________________________________Rivers，gardens，water，parks，woods，fields，mountains，green，space etc.(2)Say something about each aspect.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________There are many rivers in the nature.Some of them are short, and the water is shallow and
clear.But some are long and the water is very deep and flows quickly.In the past some
were polluted，but now they are clear and some fishes are swimming in the rivers cheerfully.Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.1．Actually, the whole city is quite...事实上，整个城市都很……[仿写] 事实上，整个城市都很漂亮/安静/绿色/繁忙/拥挤。
Actually, the whole city is quite ___________________________________.2．About 66% of the city is covered with...约66%的城市被……覆盖。[仿写] 约66%的城市被水/绿地/花园/湖泊/公园/河流/森林覆盖。
About 66% of the city is covered with _________________________________________．beautiful/quiet/green/busy/crowdedwater/green space/gardens/lakes/parks/rivers/forests3．It’s great for wildlife.You can see different kinds of...这对野生动植物很好。你可以看到不同种类的……
[仿写] 这对野生动植物很好。你可以看到不同种类的植物/树/花/动物/鸟/鱼/昆虫。
It’s great for wildlife.You can see different kinds of ______________________________
______________．plants/trees/flowers/animals/birds/fish/insects4．There’s less...now than fifty years ago.The biggest environmental problems are...and...现在比五十年前有更少的……最大的环境问题是……和……
[仿写] 现在比五十年前有更少的噪音污染/空气污染/水污染。最大的环境问题是干旱/气候变化/地震/山崩和洪水/森林火灾/飓风/暴风雨。
There’s less ________________________________________now than fifty years ago.The biggest environmental problems are __________________________________________
and ______________________________.noise pollution/air pollution/water pollutiondrought/climate change/earthquake/landslideflood/forest fire/hurricane/stormⅢ.According to the quotes，talk about your understanding of the relationship between humans and nature.1．Nature is kind of a loving mother, but also a butcher in cold blood.
自然不仅是慈爱的母亲，也是冷血的屠夫。
2．Animals are such agreeable friends—they ask no questions, they pass no criticisms.
动物是极容易相处的，它们从不提问，也从不会批评。
3．Those who contemplate the beauty of the earth find reserves of strength that will endure as long as life lasts.
那些凝视地球之美的人会找到持续一生的力量储备。4．When man is happy, he is in harmony with himself and his environment.
人类幸福之时，亦即人类自身和谐生活、且与环境和谐共处之时。
5．There is a pleasure in the pathless woods.There is a rapture on the lonely shore.There is society, where none intrudes.By the deep sea, and music in its roar; I love not man the less, but Nature more.
无径之林，常有情趣；无人之岸，几多惊喜；世外桃源，何处寻觅；聆听涛乐，须在海里。爱我爱你，更爱自然。The relationship between human beings and nature is win-win and co-prosperity, not just conquest, transformation.Since the relationship between human beings and nature is a partnership and friendship, it requires human beings to overcome short-sighted and quick-sighted ideas and establish a scientific concept of harmony between human beings and nature.Human beings are required to love and protect nature.Human beings are required to adapt to nature and make use of the inherent laws of nature to create a better life.Ⅱ.文化知识习得认识WWF世界自然基金会(WWF)是在全球享有盛誉的、最大的独立性非政府环境保护组织之一。WWF1961年成立，总部位于瑞士格朗。WWF在全世界超过100个国家有办事处，拥有5 000名全职员工，并有超过500万名志愿者。WWF在中国的工作始于1980年的大熊猫及其栖息地的保护，是第一个受中国政府邀请来华开展保护工作的国际非政府组织。1996年，WWF正式成立北京办事处，此后陆续在全国八个城市建立了办事处。至今，WWF在中国共资助开展了100多个重大项目。WWF在中国的项目领域从大熊猫保护扩大到物种保护、淡水和海洋生态系统保护与可持续利用、森林保护与可持续经营、可持续发展教育、气候变化与能源、野生物贸易、科学发展与国际政策等领域。
WWF的使命是遏止地球自然环境的恶化，创造人类与自然和谐相处的美好未来。Ⅲ.学习策略形成连 读1．“辅音＋元音”型连读：如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。例如听力原文中的West London Wildlife is a group of volunteers.
2．“r/re＋元音”型连读：如果前一个词是以－r或者－re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，r或re发/r/，要与后面的元音拼起来连读。例如听力原文中的And there are
three million private gardens.
3．“辅音＋半元音”型连读：如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。例如听力原文中的And you are now on Radio Richmond.1．flood n．洪水，水灾 vt.& vi.淹没；(洪水般地)涌进；涌出(教材P28)[合作探究]
The River Nile used to be in flood regularly every year.
尼罗河以前每年都定期泛滥。
There was a flood of complaints about the bad language after the show.
演出结束后，人们对其语言之拙劣议论纷纷。
After the news was broadcast，telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country.消息播出后，全国各地的电话像潮水般打来。The market in the area is often flooded with cheap or false goods.
这个地区的市场常充满廉价或假冒的商品。
[自主发现]
①____________ flood 在泛滥
②a flood of 大量的
③flood...____________... 使……充满(常用被动语态)
④flood in/into 大量涌入(某处)inwith[巩固内化]单句语法填空/翻译句子
①The golden sunlight flooded ____________ my room.
②Japanese companies were accused of flooding the market ____________ cheap steel.
③大雨过后河水泛滥了。
_____________________________________
④每年，大批的农民到达深圳找工作。
___________________________________________________intowithThe river was in flood after the heavy rain.Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for jobs.2．comment n．评论；意见 vi.& vt.表达意见；评论 (教材P28)[合作探究] 体会comment的用法和意义
I won’t comment on this matter.
我对此事不予置评。
He commented that it was an excellent film.
他评论说这部电影很精彩。
He made/give a comment on/about my performance.
他对我的表现进行了点评。[自主发现]①comment ____________ 对……评论
②comment ____________... 评论说……
③make/give comments ____________ sth 评论某事
[词块积累]
no comment 无可奉告on/aboutthaton/about[巩固内化]完成句子/同义句转换
①I refuse to ___________________________________________.
我拒绝对他的工作发表评论。
②He refused to comment on personal affairs of others.
→He refused to ________________________ personal affairs of others.comment/make(give) comments on/about his workmake comments on/about3．crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的 crowd n．人群；大众；一伙；一堆 vt.& vi.挤；把……塞进Actually, the whole city is quite crowded.(教材P28)
事实上，整个城市都很拥挤。
[合作探究] 体会crowd及其派生词的用法和意义
The great hall was crowded with audience that day.那天大厅里挤满了听众。
I crowded (myself) into the crowd to see the famous star.
我挤进人群去看那位明星。
They noticed a crowd of/crowds of people shouting and cheering.
他们看到一大群人在喊叫欢呼。[自主发现]①be crowded ____________ ... 挤满，拥塞
②crowd...____________ 把……挤进
③a crowd of＝crowds of 一群，一堆，许多
[词块积累]
the crowd 人群，观众，群众withinto[巩固内化] 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①The shop was crowded ____________ people.
②All the passengers crowded ____________ a bus.
③In spring the place was ____________ (crowd) with skiers.
④He prefers to be one of the ____________ (crowd)．
⑤____________ (crowd) of people poured out into the street.
⑥We have a very ____________ (crowd) schedule.
⑦The crowd crowded into the stadium.
→The stadium ________________ audience.withintocrowdedcrowdCrowdscrowdedwas crowded with4．shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信 shocked adj.震惊的；震撼的 shocking adj.令人惊愕的The two students were shocked at the lecture on nature.(教材P29)
这两个学生对关于自然的讲座感到震惊。
[合作探究] 体会shock的用法和意义
It shocks you when something like that happens.
发生那样的事情，你会觉得难以置信。
The news was a great shock to her.这个消息使她大为震惊。
They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag.
当他们看到挪威国旗时，感到非常震惊。
The public were shocked by/at this plane crash.公众被这起飞机失事震惊了。[自主发现]be shocked ____________ 被……震惊[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子
①I was so shocked ____________ the performance that I didn’t know how to describe it.
②It was ____________ shock to learn that he’s badly ill.
③Grandmother thought it ____________ (shock) for girls to wear jeans.
④Anyone touching that wire could get badly ____________ (shock)．
⑤The disappearance of Flight MH370 was ________________ (令人震惊的消息) to us.⑥We ________________ (对……感到震惊) the news of his sudden death.by/atatashockingshockedshocking newswere all shocked atSection Ⅱ Lesson 1
1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures and discuss the following films about seas.What do you think of them? Choose one of them and tell your classmates.
Finding__Nemo__tells__the__story__of__clownfish__Marlin__and__his__only__son__Nemo.Nemo__is__a__clownfish__in__Chinese.In__the__sea,__Marlin__and__Nemo__lead__a__safe__and__quiet__life.Like__all__the__fathers,__Marlin__tries__to__protect__his__son__from__being__hurt.But__Nemo__is__eager__to__explore__the__reef__(岛礁)．
One__day,__Nemo__was__captured__by__a__cruel__man.Then__he__put__Nemo__and__many__fish__to__a__big__tank.After__the__coward(胆小的)__father__knew__it,__he__went__to__rescue__his__son__and__of__course__all__the__animals__in__Barrier__Reef__helped__him__find__his__naughty__son,__Nemo.In__doing__so,__Marlin__overcame__his__fear__and__rescued__his__son.
2．Prediction—Look at the pictures and the titles of the text on Page 30 and predict what the text is probably about.
The__text__is__mainly__about__a__sea__story.
1．First reading—Read the text and match the main idea with each part.
Part 1 (Para.1) A．The process of the storyteller fighting against the “Moskoe－strom”．
Part 2 (Paras.2～4) B．The storyteller survived the “Moskoe－strom”．
Part 3 (Para.5) C．Something terrible happened to the storyteller three years ago.
答案 Part 1 C Part 2 A Part 3 B
2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)What made the writer’s hair change from black to white?
A．Medicine. B．Sorrow.
C．Something terrible. D．The old age.
(2) Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The moment the storyteller heard the word “Moskoe－strom”， he took it for granted.
B．When they were on the edge of the whirlpool, the storyteller felt calmer than when they were moving towards it.
C．The storyteller didn’t see any other objects in the whirlpool clearly.
D．The storyteller made four important observations.
(3)What does “All at once” mean in the second paragraph?
A．Suddenly. B．Only once.
C．At one time. D．At a time.
(4)What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The storyteller made the right decision and he survived.
B．Soon after the storyteller’s brother was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool , the whirlpool became more wild.
C．When the storyteller was saved, the fishermen recognised him.
D．The fishermen believed the storyteller’s story.
(5)Who didn’t save the writer?
A．The barrel. B．The writer himself.
C．Some fishermen. D．The writer’s brother.
答案 (1)C (2)B (3)A (4)A (5)D
3．Third reading—Read the text carefully again and then fill in the form below.
Coming across a powerful ①whirlpool
·One day about three years ago，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands ②when the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm.
·A huge wave ③covered our boat and we came across“Moskoe－strom！”
The process of fighting against“Moskoe－strom”
·With the wind and waves，we were going in the ④direction of the whirlpool.
·When we were on the edge of the whirlpool，I felt ⑤calmer than when we were moving towards it.
·When the boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool we were going round in circles at great ⑥speed.I made three important ⑦observations．
·So I tied myself ⑧to a barrel to help me float.I tried to make my brother understand，but he was too ⑨frightened and stayed in the heavy boat.
Succeeding in escaping from“Moskoe－strom”
I made the right ⑩decision．In the end，a boat picked me up.I was saved.
1．Group work：What lessons have you learned from the story？Give your reasons.
The__most__important__thing__is__to__keep__calm,__never__panic!__Then__remember__the__following__key__points：breathe__deeply,__hold__your__breath__and__quickly__observe__the__surrounding__situation,__choose__the__general__direction__of__escape.
2．Thinking：Why did the storyteller survive while his elder brother didn’t?
The__answer__is__open.
与海洋自然环境相关的名词
1．tsunami 海啸
2．whirlpool 漩涡
3．tide 潮
4．wave 浪
5．undertow 回头浪
6．tempest 风暴
7．ground swell 涌浪
8．seaquake 海震，海啸
9．ice floe 冰川
10．iceberg 冰山
11．current 洋流
12．hurricane 飓风
13．tornado 旋风；龙卷风
14．cyclone 旋风
15．typhoon 台风
16．whirlwind 龙卷风
如何解细节排序题
此类试题要求根据原文内容对所发生的多个细节性信息进行排序。此类试题会出现在各种文体中，记叙文的排序题通常以事件发生的时间为线索，也就是排出什么时间发生了什么事情；说明文中的排序题常以说明的先后顺序为线索，也就是排出先说明什么后说明什么；议论文中的排序题则以逻辑顺序为线索，比如解决问题的方法等。
因此，解题时，应仔细阅读题干内容，弄清要求排序的范围，然后带着这一范围回到原文按照文章记叙，说明或议论的顺序，将特定范围内的细节进行排序。做此类题时，不宜用代入法将四个备选项的细节性信息一一排序。这样既浪费时间又容易造成急躁心理。
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．When he looked towards me, I smiled and waved.vi.挥手
2．This achievement is unlikely ever to be equalled.vt.比得上
3．They refused to recognise that a wrong decision had been made.vt.承认
4．I took the tube then the train and came straight here.n.地铁
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．body and soul身心
2．all at once突然；一瞬间
3．in the direction of the whirlpool朝漩涡的方向
4．the power of nature自然的力量
5．make three important observations做三个重要的观察
6．of the same size同样大小
7．as you can see正如你所看到的
8．in the end最后，终于
9．at great speed全速
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1．where引导非限制性定语从句
One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.
2．but连接并列句；when引导时间状语从句
It may appear strange, but at that moment, when we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.
3．and连接两个how引导的并列的宾语从句
I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature.
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．At last the writer escaped(逃跑), but his brothers didn’t.
2．I wish she had survived(幸存) the plane crash.
3．The horse that/which was frightened(frighten) ran away from the fire.
4．Turning around, she saw her husband and calmed(镇静下来) down.
5．My sister and I were curious (好奇的)children and delighted in finding out all sorts of things.
6．It was and, to a large extent(程度), still is a good show.
7．It was encouraging that he recognised (意识到)the dangers the company faced.
8．In hospital she’ll be under observation(observe) all the time.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．Do you remember that time she picked__up(接) my daughter when I was ill?
2．I wrote my wish on a piece of cloth and tied__it__to(把它系在) the tree.
3．This text is__adapted__from (由……改编而来)a story in Chinese literature.
4．My garden was__covered__with (覆盖着)so many butterflies that I could hardly see the flowers.
5．The giant panda is__known__as (以……著名)a national treasure of China.
6．Why are you sitting on__the__edge__of (在……的边缘)the building? It’s dangerous.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.
我一听到这个词就非常害怕。
[仿写] 他困得很，一上床就睡着了。
He was so sleepy that he fell asleep the__moment__he__went__to__bed．
2．...the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell；...
……身体越大，下落越快……
[仿写] 汽车的功率越大，就越难驾驭。
The__more__powerful the car, the__more__difficult it is to handle.
3．As you can see, the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.如你所见，我来这里讲故事的原因是我做了正确的决定。
[仿写] 我们(之)所以没有去，是因为我们得到通知太晚了。
The reason why__we__didn’t__go was that__we__were__notified__too__late．
记单词
Ⅰ.一言串记形近词
I thought there would be little chance of survival，but luckily, I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident.
Ⅱ.词缀法助记派生词
1．名词后缀： －ation
observe (v.) → observation (n.)
2．形容词后缀：－ed
frighten (v.) →frightened(adj.)
Ⅲ.联想记忆近义词
由calm想到的
①cool adj. 冷静的
②quiet adj. 安静的
③still adj. 不动的；静止的
④silent adj. 沉默的
句型公式
1．the moment...名词短语引导时间状语从句
2．“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)
3．why引导定语从句；that引导表语从句
1．escape vi.&vt.逃离；逃避(教材P30)
[合作探究] 体会escape的用法和意义
The satellite is always escaping from/out of the earth only to be pulled back the same distance it has escaped by gravity.
卫星总是要飞离地球，而结果却被地球引力拉了回来，拉回的距离与飞出的距离相同。
He was lucky to escape being punished.他幸运地逃脱了惩罚。
They had a narrow escape when a car crashed into their car.
当一辆轿车撞上他们的车时，他们死里逃生。
[自主发现]
①escape from/out__of... 逃离……
②escape (doing) sth 避免(做)某事
[词块积累]
have a narrow escape九死一生
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①He tried__to__escape(企图逃跑), which was found impossible at last.
②They went to the mountains to__escape__the__summer__heat(避暑)．
③He escaped__from__the__burning__car (从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来) when the accident occurred.
2．survive vi.&vt.活下来；幸存(教材P30) survivor n. 幸存者 survival n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物
[合作探究] 体会survive的用法和意义
Sadly, it is very difficult for giant pandas to survive in the wild.
令人沮丧的是，大熊猫在野外很难活下来。
Life isn’t about how to survive the storm; it’s about learning to dance in the rain.生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中跳舞。
If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survival.如果他找不到走出森林的路，他生存的可能性很小。
As far as I know, the old woman survived her husband by ten years.
据我所知，这位老太太比她丈夫多活了十年。
[自主发现]
A survive B by ... A比B活得长……
[名师提醒] survive 表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或from。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The survivor of the earthquake often talks about his survival．(survive)
②Survivors__were__rushed__to__hospital (幸存者被紧急送进医院) after the car crash.
③They did not know how they could survive__the__cold__night (挨过这个寒冷之夜)．
④He survived__his__wife__by__two__years (比他妻子多活了两年)．
3．frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的 frighten v. 使惊吓；吓唬 frightening adj.令人恐惧的
The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.(教材P31)
我一听到这个词就非常害怕。
[合作探究] 体会frightened的用法和意义
A cry came from the frightened child.哭声来自受惊的孩子。
She was frightened at what she saw.她对看到的事情感到恐惧。
She was frightened of falling into the swimming pool.她害怕掉进游泳池。
I am frightened to go out alone at night.我不敢晚上一个人出去。
[自主发现]
①be frightened at 对……感到恐惧
②be frightened of doing sth 害怕做某事
③be frightened to__do sth 不敢做某事
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①I was__frightened__at the sight of the snake.
看到那条蛇时我被吓坏了。
②I was__frightened__of__hearing barks of the fierce dog.
听到那只凶猛的狗的叫声我吓坏了。
③He was__frightened__to__look__down from the top of the tall building.
他不敢从那座高楼顶上往下看。
4.curious adj.好奇的 curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心
After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself.(教材P31)
过了一会儿，我对漩涡本身产生了好奇。
[合作探究] 体会curious的用法和意义
If a boy is curious, he is always asking questions.
一个好奇的孩子总是要不断地提出问题。
The boy is curious about everything.
这个男孩对任何事情都很好奇。
She is curious to know what happens.
她好奇地要知道发生了什么事。
[自主发现]
①be curious about 对……感到好奇
②be curious __to__do... 好奇做……
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①As a little boy, he was curious about the origin of mankind.
②He’s curious__to__know (know) what she said.
③Curiosity(curious) drove him into the cave to see what happened.
5．equal adj.相等的；相同的 n．同等的人；相等物 equality n．平等，相等
...the second, between two objects of equal extent，round objects fell down less rapidly...(教材P31)
……第二，在两个相同大小的物体之间，圆形物体下降得不太快……
[合作探究] 体会equal的用法和意义
Not all men are equal in ability.人的能力不全一样。
I’m not equal to (doing) the task.我不能胜任这项任务。
He is my equal in strength.他和我力气一样大。
No one equals him in spelling.在拼写方面，无人能和他相比。
[自主发现]
①be equal to (doing) sth 能胜任(做)某事
②be equal in sth 在某方面相同
③equal sb in 在某方面与某人匹配
[思考] 表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达还有哪些？
①be__up__to ②be__fit__for ③be__qualified__for
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①A pound is roughly equal to 500 grams.
②He doesn’t seem equal to doing (do) the task.
③Two plus two equals (equal) four.
(2)同义句转换
④The manager isn’t fit for his position.
→The manager isn’t equal__to his position.
⑤Twice three equals six.
→Twice three is__equal__to six.
pick up捡起；学会；结识；用车接；好转；恢复；收听；购买
In the end, a boat picked me up.(教材P31)最后，一艘船把我救了起来。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
pick out 挑出，辨别出
pick one’s pocket 扒窃
pick on sb 对某人刁难挑剔
①He has picked up slowly since he came out of hospital.
他自出院以来，身体慢慢地康复了。
②He gets picked on by the other boys because he’s so small.
他因为个子小受到其他男孩子的欺负。
③She was picked out for the job.她被挑选出来做这份工作。
[巩固内化]
写出下列句中pick up的含义
①I was able to pick you up on the short wave radio.收听到
②I’ll pick you up at the school gate.用车接
③He picked up the book from the floor.拾起，捡起
④The children have picked up the local accent.学会
1．I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.(教材P31)
我觉得恶心，好像我在梦中从山顶上摔下来。
[句式解读] 句中as if意为“好像，似乎”，引导方式状语从句，可由as though代替。
[用法总结]
(1)as if在seem，look等系动词后可引导表语从句。
①It seems as if the boy has lost his way.
那个男孩好像迷路了。(陈述语气)
(2)as if引导的从句有语气上的变化：
1〉as if从句用陈述语气的情况：
当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。
2〉as if从句用虚拟语气的情况：
当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在情况时，从句用虚拟语气，其形式如下：
a．如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
b．如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。
c．如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
②She treated her husband as if/though he were a stranger.
她待她丈夫如陌生人。(虚拟语气)
③She talks and talks as if she would never stop.
她说了又说，好像永远停不下来。(虚拟语气)
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.
②He acted as though he had__known(know)nothing about it.
(2)翻译句子
③看起来她好像有点不高兴。
It__looks__as__if__she__is__a__little__unhappy.
④他张开口，像是要说话。
He__opened__his__mouth__as__if__(he__was__going)__to__speak.
⑤He dressed himself as if he were a strange being from another planet.
他打扮得像来自其他星球的奇异生物。
2．...the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell；...(教材P31)……身体越大，下落越快……
[句式解读] “the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……”表示“越……就越……”。
[用法总结]
(1)第一个“the＋比较级……”是条件状语从句，第二个“the＋比较级……”是主句。如果第二个“the＋比较级……”用一般将来时，则第一个“the＋比较级……”通常用一般现在时代替将来时。
(2)这个句型表示从句和主句的变化是同时进行的，即：主句的情况随着从句的情况而变化。两个“the＋比较级……”要分别放在两个句子的主谓结构之前，两句之间可以用逗号隔开。当意思很明白时，两句常采用省略形式。
①The more you talk, the less attention he will pay to you.
你说得越多，他越不注意听你讲。
②The more he eats, the fatter he gets.他吃得越多就变得越胖。
③The less you worry, the better results you will get in the examination.
你越放松，考试的成绩就会越好。
④The sooner, the better.越快越好。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The more we do for the people, the happier (happy) we will feel.
②The longer the war lasts (last), the more the people there will suffer.
③The more she learns，the__more__she__wants__to__learn．
她越学越想学。
④The__more__English__you__practise，the better your English will be.
你练习英语越多，你的英语就越好。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
About three years ago, the storyteller experienced a horrible storm, 1.which had broken his body and soul.
One day, he was out fishing around some islands with his two brothers when the sky 2.was__covered(cover) with clouds.They were in a terrible storm in less than a minute.His 3.younger(young) brother fell into the sea.He and his elder brother were pushed 4.in the direction of the whirlpool and went round and round it.The storyteller felt sick, as if he was falling from 5.a__mountain top in a dream.It may appear strange, but at that moment, when they were on the edge of the whirlpool, he felt calmer than when they were moving towards it.After a while, he made three important 6.observations(observe).7.Based(base) on what he had found, he tied 8.himself__(he)to a barrel，which helped him to float.Although he tried to make his elder brother understand that he should do the same, his brother was too 9.frightened(frighten) and stayed in the heavy boat.10.Finally(final), the storyteller was saved.
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
天气很好，这就是我们决定去参观一座古老的寺庙的原因( That’s the reason why...)。一大早，我们就朝寺庙的方向(in the direction of)出发。我们一到达(the moment)，就了解到这座寺庙经历了(survive)一场可怕(horrible)的大地震。当我们正在欣赏寺庙的美丽时，突然(all at once)我们听到一声可怕的尖叫声。一名受惊吓的(frightened)游客掉到一条很深的河里，我立即把他救起来(pick up)并设法把他送到医院。尽管我不能好好欣赏一下寺庙，但这对我很有意义。
The__weather__was__good.That’s__the__reason__why__we__decided__to__visit__an__old__temple.Early__in__the__morning,__we__set__out__in__the__direction__
of__the__temple.The__moment__we__arrived,__we__learned__that__the__temple__had__survived__a__horrible__earthquake.While__we__were__enjoying__the__beauty__of__the__temple,__all__at__once__we__heard__a__terrible__scream.A__frightened__tourist__fell__into__a__deep__river.I__immediately__picked__him__up__
and__managed__to__take__him__to__the__hospital.Although__I__can’t__enjoy__
the__temple,__it__means__a__lot__to__me.
关系副词引导的定语从句
[合作探究] 阅读下列句子，体会定语从句的用法。
①But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
②Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
③Do you know the reason why he has been late?
[自主发现1]
①②③句中黑体部分的引导词是关系副词，分别在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语。
1．when引导的定语从句
[合作探究]
I still remember the day when we met for the first time.
我仍然记得我们第一次相遇的那一天。
It was an exciting moment for the Spanish fans，when for the first time their team won the World Cup.
对于西班牙球迷来说，那是一个激动人心的时刻，因为在那一刻，他们的球队第一次赢得了世界杯。
[自主发现2]
先行词是指时间的名词，如：time, day, year, month, moment, week, hour, minute等，when在从句中作时间状语。
2．where引导的定语从句
[合作探究]
After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.
在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。
She is teaching at the university where her mother once studied.
她在母亲曾经学习过的大学执教。
[自主发现3]
先行词是指地点的名词，如：place, factory, farm, station, town, meeting－room等，where在从句中作地点状语。
[合作探究]
Today we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(先行词是cases)
今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的例子。
He wants to find a job where his skills can be put to good use.(先行词是job)
他想找一份能将他的技能派上用场的工作。
[自主发现4]
当先行词表示抽象的地点或带有地点的意味且在从句中充当类似于地点状语的作用时，定语从句用where引导。
3．why引导的定语从句
[合作探究]
We didn’t know the reason why he refused our help.
我们不知道他拒绝我们帮助的原因。
The mother can’t accept the reason that/which the son gives for his absence from school.
这位母亲不能接受儿子为没上学给出的理由。
[自主发现5]
先行词是reason时，定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句缺少的成分而定，如果缺少状语，用why；如果缺少主语或宾语，则用that/which。
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
上述三个关系副词很多情况下都可以用介词＋关系代词来替换。where＝in/at/to＋which；when＝in/on/at＋which；why＝for＋which。
[巩固内化1] 单句语法填空
①I can never forget the day when I first saw you.
②He came at the time when we needed him most.
③I’ll never forget the days that/which we spent together.
④Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life when they aren’t satisfied with their parents.
⑤We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
[巩固内化2] 单句语法填空
①The accident has reached to the point where both their parents are to be called in.
②You would get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.
③The next day, my brother and I went to the beach where we watched some people play volleyball.
④Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
[巩固内化3] 单句语法填空
①Unsuccessful people can always find reasons why they’re not doing well.
②I don’t believe the reason that/which he gave me for his being late.
③That was the reason that/which he gave for his absence.
④Do you know the reason why he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday?
Ⅰ.用适当的关系副词填空
1．We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.
2．The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.
3．As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent.
4．Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
5．The village where I was born has grown into a town.
6．The reason why he resigned is known to us.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．This is the house where__his__grandfather__once__lived．
这就是他的祖父曾经住过的房子。
2．Do you remember the day when__you__joined__our__club?
你记得你加入我们俱乐部的那天吗？
3．That is the reason why__he__must__apologise．
这就是他必须道歉的原因。
4．First of all, I will have a warm family where__the__members__will__love__each__other and care about each other.
首先，我会有一个温暖的家庭，在那里，成员们会彼此相爱，互相关心。
5．I think the reason why__you__are__always__angry may be the high pressure of study.
我认为你总是生气的原因可能是学习压力太大。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He knows how to appreciate poetry(诗歌)．
2．Fortunately，he narrowly escaped (逃脱) death in a storm.
3．He congratulated himself on having__survived (幸存) the Wenchuan earthquake.
4．His first victory was to win the equal(相等的)rights for blacks to sit on buses.
5．Success depends to a large extent(程度)on attitudes.
6．People gathered round，curious (好奇的)to know what was happening.
7．You’ve stepped to the edge (边缘)of the looking glass.
8．He sat behind a table on which were half a dozen files(档案)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He behaved as if nothing had__happened(happen)．
2．The director had her assistant pick up some hot dogs for the meeting.
3．I don’t feel equal to doing(do) the job.
4．The less careful you are, the more(many) mistakes you will make.
5．The first time I made a speech on the stage, I felt nervous.
6．Charles often attempts to escape being__fined (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
7．I agree with you to__a certain extent.
8．They can survive on very little money.
9．We didn’t know why the machine stopped all at once.
10．People in the world recognise Mao Zedong as a great man.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
About 97% of the world’s water is salty and is found in our oceans and seas.But，as we can’t drink sea water，how can it be important?
Every part of our seas and oceans contains an amazing number of animals and fish that live at different ocean depths.Most of the different species of animals and fish depend on simple plants for their food.These simple plants called algae(海藻)drift near the surface of the ocean and use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into food and oxygen.In fact，the algae produce over half of the oxygen people breathe.How important sea water is!
Each plant or animal in our seas and oceans is an important link in a food chain.The algae are eaten in large amounts by microscopic animals，which are in turn consumed by larger animals.These food chains are delicately balanced.
The bad news about the food chains in the oceans is that they are under threat because of man.People once thought that the oceans were so big that it didn’t matter if we dumped rubbish into them or caught huge quantities of fish and whales for food.But we now know this is not true and fish stocks in the oceans have started to drop.
Thankfully，the world is taking steps to protect the future of our oceans by introducing international agreements to protect marine habitats.Most countries have introduced fishing restrictions to protect fish stocks in the oceans and new techniques are being pioneered to cope with pollution.Finally，the importance of protecting oceans is being made known to more people.This is just the beginning of a long process to protect the oceans for our future.We depend on the oceans for fish which are an important part of the human diet.How important sea water is!
【语篇解读】 海洋对人类的生存起到至关重要的作用，但是人类在很长一段时间内对海洋造成了污染和破坏，现在各国都在努力采取措施保护海洋。
1．Which of the following is the proper order of the food chain?
A．small animals→algae→microscopic animals→large animals→man
B．algae→microscopic animals→large animals→larger animals→man
C．small animals→algae→large animals→microscopic animals→man
D．microscopic animals→algae→large animals→larger animals→man
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，微生物吃海藻，然后逐次地大一点的动物吃小一点的动物，最后被人吃掉。故选B。]
2．People used to think that the rubbish thrown into the sea ________．
A．wouldn’t harm the fish in the sea
B．would change the balance of the food chain
C．would be broken down in the sea
D．wouldn’t do much harm to the sea
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，过去人类认为将垃圾倒入大海不会对大海造成破坏。]
3．From the passage，we learn that ________．
A．most fish and sea animals live at the surface of the seas
B．it is very difficult to break the balance of a food chain
C．excessive fishing has caused the decrease in fish stocks
D．it won’t be long before the problems concerning oceans will be solved
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，现在人类已经认识到原先的做法是不正确的，而且鱼的储存量开始下降，可知过度的捕捞造成了这一结果。]
4．Which of the following is NOT a way being used to protect oceans?
A．The use of international agreements.
B．Forbidding fishing to protect fish stocks.
C．The use of new techniques.
D．Raising people’s awareness of the need to protect oceans.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，很多国家限制鱼类的捕捞，而不是禁止，故B项不正确。]
Ⅳ.完形填空
My dad and I are paraglider (滑翔伞) pilots.One day，my dad and I __1__ our local flying site.We spent the first 20 minutes __2__ the wind speed.I made my pre－flight __3__ as usual and turned on my radio.At last，I took a __4__ forward and felt the ground under me fall away.After playing with the wind for a little while，I __5__ Dad’s radio call.He asked how the wind was.“Perfect！”I answered.Dad __6__ behind me.
I have done almost 100 flights and I __7__ the unpredictability (不可预知性) of each flight.Every flight is __8__．After 15 minutes of flying, I was over a rice field.I decided to land on it __9__ it was much smaller than most landing zones.Suddenly，I felt my paraglider become unstable (不稳定的)．I was __10__．I had butterflies in my stomach.I looked towards my dad and saw that he was also __11__．It was as if we had been inside a washing machine being thrown up and down.I wouldn’t make it to the __12__ in front of me.To my right was a(n) __13__ with hardly any water in it.I made a(n) __14__ the stream was my best chance of having a __15__ landing.
As I reached the stream，I __16__ with my dad over the radio and was glad to __17__ that he was fine.Local villagers came to check on me and，__18__， I was uninjured.This was one of those times when we were __19__ that no preparations can prevent Mother Nature from __20__ us.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者和父亲都是滑翔伞飞行运动爱好者。本文讲述了作者和父亲一次滑翔伞飞行时差一点遇险的经历。
1．A.cleared B．found
C．reached D．protected
答案 C [由下文作者讲述的经历可知，一天，他和父亲来到本地的一个飞行场地。]
2．A.examining B．controlling
C．recording D．following
答案 A [作者和父亲进行的是滑翔伞飞行，对风有特别的要求，所以开始之前他们对风速进行了观察。]
3．A.visits B．preparations
C．trips D．choices
答案 B [由下句可知，作者在父亲之前进行飞行，他像往常一样做了飞行前的准备工作。]
4．A.turn B．step
C．walk D．look
答案 B [根据felt the ground under me fall away可知，作者向前跨出了一步。]
5．A.needed B．tested
C．expected D．received
答案 D [由下句He asked可知，作者飞行了一阵之后，他收到父亲的无线电呼叫，向他询问风的情况。]
6．A.took off B．stood up
C．showed off D．warmed up
答案 A [根据下文内容可知，父亲在作者身后也起飞了。]
7．A.love B．select
C．ignore D．miss
答案 A [由空前内容可知，作者进行过很多次飞行。他热爱每次飞行中的不可预知性。]
8．A.dangerous B．interesting
C．different D．strange
答案 C [由上句unpredictability可知，每一次飞行都是不同的。]
9．A.when B．because
C．if D．although
答案 D [此处考查逻辑关系，虽然这块稻田比平时的着陆区要小很多，但是作者还是决定在这里降落。]
10．A.running B．falling
C．flying D．rising
答案 B [由上句描述的情况可知，滑翔伞失去稳定，作者感觉到自己正在往下掉落。]
11．A.in trouble B．in silence
C．in doubt D．in anger
答案 A [由下句所描述情况可推知，作者看到父亲也处在麻烦中。]
12．A.roof B．forest
C．playground D．field
答案 D [根据上文I was over a rice field可知，作者没法降落到那块稻田地里了。]
13．A.island B．lake
C．stream D．pool
答案 C [根据下句the stream可知，作者注意到自己的右方有一个里面几乎没有水的小溪。]
14．A.reply B．decision
C．excuse D．explanation
答案 B [根据下文the stream was my best chance可知，在这个紧急关头，他做出决定。]
15．A.careless B．slow
C．safe D．hard
答案 C [他决定降落到这条小溪里，因为在这里能够实现安全着陆。]
16．A.communicated B．played
C．met D．practised
答案 A [由空后over the radio可知，作者通过无线电与父亲取得了联系。]
17．A.report B．say
C．see D．hear
答案 D [根据上文over the radio可知，他很高兴听到父亲一切安好。]
18．A.hopefully B．suddenly
C．luckily D．finally
答案 C [根据上文描述的情况可知，这个小溪是作者临时选择的着陆点，他并没有降落在自己原先看好的稻田里，这属于突发情况，但幸运的是，他没有受伤。]
19．A.promised B．taught
C．advised D．asked
答案 B [根据上文描述的作者和父亲所面临的意外情况可知，作者认为这又是一次他们被教导去面对大自然威力的时刻。]
20．A.encouraging B．boring
C．pleasing D．surprising
答案 D [根据文章内容可知，作者认为无论我们做什么准备，大自然总会出现让人意想不到的情况。]
课件66张PPT。1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures and discuss the following films about seas.What do you think of them? Choose one of them and tell your classmates.Section Ⅱ Lesson 1Finding Nemo tells the story of clownfish Marlin and his only son Nemo.Nemo is a clownfish in Chinese.In the sea, Marlin and Nemo lead a safe and quiet life.Like all the fathers, Marlin tries to protect his son from being hurt.But Nemo is eager to explore the reef (岛礁)．
One day, Nemo was captured by a cruel man.Then he put Nemo and many fish to a big tank.After the coward(胆小的) father knew it, he went to rescue his son and of course all the animals in Barrier Reef helped him find his naughty son, Nemo.In doing so, Marlin overcame his fear and rescued his son.2．Prediction—Look at the pictures and the titles of the text on Page 30 and predict what the text is probably about.The text is mainly about a sea story.1．First reading—Read the text and match the main idea with each part.Part 1 (Para.1) A．The process of the storyteller fighting against the “Moskoe-
strom”．
Part 2 (Paras.2～4) B．The storyteller survived the “Moskoe-strom”．
Part 3 (Para.5) C．Something terrible happened to the storyteller three years ago.答案 Part 1 C Part 2 A Part 3 B2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.(1)What made the writer’s hair change from black to white?
A．Medicine. B．Sorrow.
C．Something terrible. D．The old age.答案 C(2) Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The moment the storyteller heard the word “Moskoe-strom”， he took it for granted.
B．When they were on the edge of the whirlpool, the storyteller felt calmer than when they were moving towards it.
C．The storyteller didn’t see any other objects in the whirlpool clearly.
D．The storyteller made four important observations.答案 B(3)What does “All at once” mean in the second paragraph?
A．Suddenly. B．Only once.
C．At one time. D．At a time.答案 A(4)What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The storyteller made the right decision and he survived.
B．Soon after the storyteller’s brother was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool, the whirlpool became more wild.
C．When the storyteller was saved, the fishermen recognised him.
D．The fishermen believed the storyteller’s story.答案 A(5)Who didn’t save the writer?
A．The barrel. B．The writer himself.
C．Some fishermen. D．The writer’s brother.答案 D3．Third reading—Read the text carefully again and then fill in the form below.whirlpoolwhencovereddirectioncalmerspeedobservationstofrighteneddecision与海洋自然环境相关的名词1．tsunami海啸
2．whirlpool 漩涡
3．tide 潮
4．wave 浪
5．undertow 回头浪
6．tempest 风暴
7．ground swell 涌浪
8．seaquake 海震，海啸9．ice floe 冰川
10．iceberg 冰山
11．current 洋流
12．hurricane 飓风
13．tornado 旋风；龙卷风
14．cyclone 旋风
15．typhoon 台风
16．whirlwind 龙卷风如何解细节排序题此类试题要求根据原文内容对所发生的多个细节性信息进行排序。此类试题会出现在各种文体中，记叙文的排序题通常以事件发生的时间为线索，也就是排出什么时间发生了什么事情；说明文中的排序题常以说明的先后顺序为线索，也就是排出先说明什么后说明什么；议论文中的排序题则以逻辑顺序为线索，比如解决问题的方法等。
因此，解题时，应仔细阅读题干内容，弄清要求排序的范围，然后带着这一范围回到原文按照文章记叙，说明或议论的顺序，将特定范围内的细节进行排序。做此类题时，不宜用代入法将四个备选项的细节性信息一一排序。这样既浪费时间又容易造成急躁心理。语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．When he looked towards me, I smiled and waved.____________
2．This achievement is unlikely ever to be equalled.____________
3．They refused to recognise that a wrong decision had been made.____________
4．I took the tube then the train and came straight here.____________vi.挥手vt.比得上vt.承认n.地铁Ⅱ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义
1．body and soul____________
2．all at once____________
3．in the direction of the whirlpool______________
4．the power of nature____________
5．make three important observations_____________________
6．of the same size____________
7．as you can see__________________
8．in the end____________
9．at great speed____________身心突然；一瞬间朝漩涡的方向自然的力量做三个重要的观察同样大小正如你所看到的最后，终于全速Ⅲ.句式欣赏1．where引导非限制性定语从句
One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others.
2．but连接并列句；when引导时间状语从句
It may appear strange, but at that moment, when we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.3．and连接两个how引导的并列的宾语从句I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature.1．Group work：What lessons have you learned from the story？Give your reasons.The most important thing is to keep calm, never panic! Then remember the following key points：breathe deeply, hold your breath and quickly observe the surrounding situation, choose the general direction of escape.2．Thinking：Why did the storyteller survive while his elder brother didn’t?The answer is open.Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．At last the writer ____________(逃跑), but his brothers didn’t.
2．I wish she had ____________(幸存) the plane crash.
3．The horse that/which was ____________(frighten) ran away from the fire.
4．Turning around, she saw her husband and ____________(镇静下来) down.
5．My sister and I were ____________ (好奇的)children and delighted in finding out all sorts of things.escapedsurvivedfrightenedcalmedcurious6．It was and, to a large ____________(程度), still is a good show.
7．It was encouraging that he ____________ (意识到)the dangers the company faced.
8．In hospital she’ll be under ____________(observe) all the time.extentrecognisedobservationⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．Do you remember that time she ________________(接) my daughter when I was ill?
2．I wrote my wish on a piece of cloth and ________________(把它系在) the tree.
3．This text ________________ (由……改编而来)a story in Chinese literature.
4．My garden ________________ (覆盖着)so many butterflies that I could hardly see the flowers.
5．The giant panda ________________ (以……著名)a national treasure of China.6．Why are you sitting ________________ (在……的边缘)the building? It’s dangerous.picked uptied it tois adapted fromwas covered withis known ason the edge ofⅢ.句式语境仿写1．The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.我一听到这个词就非常害怕。
[仿写] 他困得很，一上床就睡着了。
He was so sleepy that he fell asleep ________________________________________.2．...the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell...……身体越大，下落越快……
[仿写] 汽车的功率越大，就越难驾驭。
________________ the car, ____________________________ it is to handle.the moment he went to bedThe more powerfulthe more difficult3．As you can see, the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.如你所见，我来这里讲故事的原因是我做了正确的决定。[仿写] 我们(之)所以没有去，是因为我们得到通知太晚了。
The reason ________________ was ____________________________．why we didn’t gothat we were notified too lateI thought there would be little chance of survival，but luckily, I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident.Ⅰ.一言串记形近词记单词Ⅱ.词缀法助记派生词1．名词后缀： -ation
observe (v.) → observation (n.)
2．形容词后缀：-ed
frighten (v.) →frightened(adj.)Ⅲ.联想记忆近义词由calm想到的
①cool adj. 冷静的
②quiet adj. 安静的
③still adj. 不动的；静止的
④silent adj. 沉默的句型公式1．the moment...名词短语引导时间状语从句
2．“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)
3．why引导定语从句；that引导表语从句1．escape vi.&vt.逃离；逃避(教材P30)[合作探究] 体会escape的用法和意义
The satellite is always escaping from/out of the earth only to be pulled back the same distance it has escaped by gravity.卫星总是要飞离地球，而结果却被地球引力拉了回来，拉回的距离与飞出的距离相同。
He was lucky to escape being punished.他幸运地逃脱了惩罚。
They had a narrow escape when a car crashed into their car.
当一辆轿车撞上他们的车时，他们死里逃生。[自主发现] ①escape ____________... 逃离……
②escape (doing) sth 避免(做)某事
[词块积累]
have a narrow escape九死一生
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①He _________________(企图逃跑)，which was found impossible at last.from/out oftried to escape②They went to the mountains ________________________ (避暑)．
③He ____________________________ (从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来) when the accident occurred.to escape the summer heatescaped from the burning car2．survive vi.&vt.活下来；幸存(教材P30) survivor n. 幸存者 survival n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物[合作探究] 体会survive的用法和意义
Sadly, it is very difficult for giant pandas to survive in the wild.
令人沮丧的是，大熊猫在野外很难活下来。
Life isn’t about how to survive the storm; it’s about learning to dance in the rain.
生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中跳舞。
If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survival.
如果他找不到走出森林的路，他生存的可能性很小。As far as I know, the old woman survived her husband by ten years.
据我所知，这位老太太比她丈夫多活了十年。[自主发现]
A survive B ____________ ... A比B活得长……
[名师提醒] survive 表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或from。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The ____________ of the earthquake often talks about his ____________．(survive)bysurvivorsurvival④He ____________________________ (比他妻子多活了两年)．②________________________________ (幸存者被紧急送进医院) after the car crash.
③They did not know how they could ____________________________ (挨过这个寒冷之夜)．Survivors were rushed to hospitalsurvive the cold nightsurvived his wife by two years3．frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的 frighten v. 使惊吓；吓唬 frightening adj.令人恐惧的The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.(教材P31)
我一听到这个词就非常害怕。[合作探究] 体会frightened的用法和意义
A cry came from the frightened child.哭声来自受惊的孩子。
She was frightened at what she saw.她对看到的事情感到恐惧。
She was frightened of falling into the swimming pool.她害怕掉进游泳池。
I am frightened to go out alone at night.我不敢晚上一个人出去。[自主发现]①be frightened ____________ 对……感到恐惧
②be frightened ____________ doing sth 害怕做某事
③be frightened ____________ sth 不敢做某事atofto do[巩固内化] 完成句子
①I ________________ the sight of the snake.
看到那条蛇时我被吓坏了。
②I ________________________________ barks of the fierce dog.
听到那只凶猛的狗的叫声我吓坏了。
③He ________________________________ from the top of the tall building.
他不敢从那座高楼顶上往下看。was frightened atwas frightened of hearingwas frightened to look down4.curious adj.好奇的 curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself.(教材P31)
过了一会儿，我对漩涡本身产生了好奇。
[合作探究] 体会curious的用法和意义
If a boy is curious, he is always asking questions.
一个好奇的孩子总是要不断地提出问题。
The boy is curious about everything.这个男孩对任何事情都很好奇。
She is curious to know what happens.她好奇地要知道发生了什么事。[自主发现]①be curious ____________ 对……感到好奇
②be curious ____________... 好奇做……
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①As a little boy, he was curious ____________ the origin of mankind.
②He’s curious____________ (know) what she said.
③____________(curious) drove him into the cave to see what happened.aboutto doaboutto knowCuriosity5．equal adj.相等的；相同的 n．同等的人；相等物 equality n．平等，相等...the second, between two objects of equal extent，round objects fell down less rapidly...(教材P31)
……第二，在两个相同大小的物体之间，圆形物体下降得不太快……
[合作探究] 体会equal的用法和意义
Not all men are equal in ability.人的能力不全一样。
I’m not equal to (doing) the task.我不能胜任这项任务。
He is my equal in strength.他和我力气一样大。
No one equals him in spelling.在拼写方面，无人能和他相比。[自主发现]①be equal ____________ (doing) sth 能胜任(做)某事
②be equal in sth 在某方面相同
③equal sb ____________ 在某方面与某人匹配
[思考] 表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达还有哪些？
①____________ ②____________ ③____________toinbe up tobe fit forbe qualified for[巩固内化](1)单句语法填空
①A pound is roughly equal ____________ 500 grams.
②He doesn’t seem equal to ____________ (do) the task.
③Two plus two ____________ (equal) four.
(2)同义句转换
④The manager isn’t fit for his position.
→The manager isn’t ____________ his position.
⑤Twice three equals six.
→Twice three ____________ six.todoingequalsequal tois equal topick up捡起；学会；结识；用车接；好转；恢复；收听；购买In the end, a boat picked me up.(教材P31)最后，一艘船把我救了起来。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
pick out挑出，辨别出
pick one’s pocket 扒窃
pick on sb 对某人刁难挑剔①He has picked up slowly since he came out of hospital.
他自出院以来，身体慢慢地康复了。
②He gets picked on by the other boys because he’s so small.
他因为个子小受到其他男孩子的欺负。
③She was picked out for the job.
她被挑选出来做这份工作。[巩固内化]写出下列句中pick up的含义
①I was able to pick you up on the short wave radio.____________
②I’ll pick you up at the school gate.____________
③He picked up the book from the floor.____________
④The children have picked up the local accent.____________收听到用车接拾起，捡起学会1．I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.(教材P31)我觉得恶心，好像我在梦中从山顶上摔下来。
[句式解读] 句中as if意为“好像，似乎”，引导方式状语从句，可由as though代替。
[用法总结]
(1)as if在seem，look等系动词后可引导表语从句。
①It seems as if the boy has lost his way.那个男孩好像迷路了。(陈述语气)(2)as if引导的从句有语气上的变化：
1〉as if从句用陈述语气的情况：
当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。
2〉as if从句用虚拟语气的情况：
当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在情况时，从句用虚拟语气，其形式如下：
a．如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
b．如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。
c．如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。②She treated her husband as if/though he were a stranger.
她待她丈夫如陌生人。(虚拟语气)
③She talks and talks as if she would never stop.
她说了又说，好像永远停不下来。(虚拟语气)
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①The young man with long hair looks as if he ____________ a girl.
②He acted as though he ____________(know)nothing about it.werehad known(2)翻译句子
③看起来她好像有点不高兴。
________________________________________________________________________
④他张开口，像是要说话。
________________________________________________________________________
⑤He dressed himself as if he were a strange being from another planet.
_______________________________________It looks as if she is a little unhappy.He opened his mouth as if (he was going) to speak.他打扮得像来自其他星球的奇异生物。2．...the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell；...(教材P31)……身体越大，下落越快……[句式解读] “the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……”表示“越……就越……”。
[用法总结]
(1)第一个“the＋比较级……”是条件状语从句，第二个“the＋比较级……”是主句。如果第二个“the＋比较级……”用一般将来时，则第一个“the＋比较级……”通常用一般现在时代替将来时。
(2)这个句型表示从句和主句的变化是同时进行的，即：主句的情况随着从句的情况而变化。两个“the＋比较级……”要分别放在两个句子的主谓结构之前，两句之间可以用逗号隔开。当意思很明白时，两句常采用省略形式。①The more you talk, the less attention he will pay to you.
你说得越多，他越不注意听你讲。
②The more he eats, the fatter he gets.
他吃得越多就变得越胖。
③The less you worry, the better results you will get in the examination.
你越放松，考试的成绩就会越好。
④The sooner, the better.
越快越好。[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子
①The more we do for the people, the ____________ (happy) we will feel.
②The longer the war ____________ (last), the more the people there will suffer.
③The more she learns，_________________________.
她越学越想学。
④______________________________，the better your English will be.
你练习英语越多，你的英语就越好。happierlaststhe more she wants to learnThe more English you practise关系副词引导的定语从句 [合作探究] 阅读下列句子，体会定语从句的用法。
①But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
②Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
③Do you know the reason why he has been late?
[自主发现1]
①②③句中黑体部分的引导词是关系副词，分别在定语从句中充当________________状语。时间、地点、原因1．when引导的定语从句[合作探究]
I still remember the day when we met for the first time.
我仍然记得我们第一次相遇的那一天。
It was an exciting moment for the Spanish fans，when for the first time their team won the World Cup.
对于西班牙球迷来说，那是一个激动人心的时刻，因为在那一刻，他们的球队第一次赢得了世界杯。[自主发现2]先行词是指____________的名词，如：time, day, year, month, moment, week, hour, minute等，when在从句中作____________。时间时间状语2．where引导的定语从句[合作探究]After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.
在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。
She is teaching at the university where her mother once studied.
她在母亲曾经学习过的大学执教。[自主发现3]先行词是指____________的名词，如：place, factory, farm, station, town, meeting－room等，where在从句中作____________。
[合作探究]
Today we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(先行词是cases)
今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的例子。
He wants to find a job where his skills can be put to good use.(先行词是job)
他想找一份能将他的技能派上用场的工作。地点地点状语[自主发现4]
当先行词表示____________或带有地点的意味且在从句中充当类似于____________的作用时，定语从句用where引导。抽象的地点地点状语3．why引导的定语从句[合作探究]
We didn’t know the reason why he refused our help.
我们不知道他拒绝我们帮助的原因。
The mother can’t accept the reason that/which the son gives for his absence from school.
这位母亲不能接受儿子为没上学给出的理由。[自主发现5]先行词是reason时，定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句缺少的成分而定，如果缺少状语，用____________；如果缺少主语或宾语，则用____________。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。whythat/which上述三个关系副词很多情况下都可以用介词＋关系代词来替换。where＝in/at/to＋which；when＝in/on/at＋which；why＝for＋which。[巩固内化1] 单句语法填空
①I can never forget the day ____________ I first saw you.
②He came at the time ____________ we needed him most.
③I’ll never forget the days ____________ we spent together.
④Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life ____________ they aren’t satisfied with their parents.
⑤We live in an age ____________ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.whenwhenthat/whichwhenwhen[巩固内化2] 单句语法填空
①The accident has reached to the point ____________ both their parents are to be called in.
②You would get into a situation ____________ you have to decide immediately.
③The next day, my brother and I went to the beach ____________ we watched some people play volleyball.
④Students should involve themselves in community activities ____________ they can gain experience for growth.wherewherewherewhere[巩固内化3] 单句语法填空
①Unsuccessful people can always find reasons ____________ they’re not doing well.
②I don’t believe the reason ____________ he gave me for his being late.
③That was the reason ____________ he gave for his absence.
④Do you know the reason ____________ he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday?whythat/whichthat/whichwhySection Ⅲ Lesson 2
Ⅰ.Pre－listening—Translate the following words and phrases.
1．rescue n．&vt. 营救；救援
2．vehicle n. 交通工具，车辆
3．trap vt. 困住；使陷于危险中
4．attempt n．&vt. 努力，尝试，企图
5．interrupt vt. 打断讲话
6．death n. 死，死亡
7．loss n. 丧失；死亡
8．damage vt. 伤害，损伤，损害
9．measure vt. 估量，衡量；测量
10．operation n. 行动，活动；手术；操作
11．overseas adv. 在海外，在外国
12．site n. 场所，地点
13．process n. 过程，进程
14．battle n. 较量，竞争；斗争；战争
15．duty n. 职责，义务；责任
16．suffering n. (肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨
17．conduct vt. 执行；实施；进行
vi.& vt. 指挥
18．protection n. 保护；防护
19．lamp n. 灯
20．nearby adv. 附近
21．breathe vt.& vi. 呼吸
22．breathe in 吸气
23．dust n. 灰尘；尘埃
24．run out 用完；耗尽
Ⅱ.While－listening
1．Finish Ex.2 & Ex.3 on Page 34.
2．Finish Ex.5 & Ex.6 on Page 35.
Ⅲ.Post listening—Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1．Mr Wang, I know you have been part of many rescue operations overseas, as well as in China, for example the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008.
王先生，我知道你在海外和中国都参与过许多救援行动，比如2008年的汶川地震。
2．Well, in the rescue attempts our first and most important goal is to save lives, for example, at an earthquake site.
在营救行动中，我们救援的第一个也是最重要的目标是拯救生命。例如，在地震现场。
3．So we use search and rescue vehicles and trained dogs to look for anyone who is still alive and try our best to save them.
所以我们用搜救车和训练有素的狗来寻找任何活着的人，并尽我们最大的努力去拯救他们。
4．Sorry, but my advice is to knock on a wall to help people find you and only shout when someone is nearby.
对不起，我的建议是敲一下墙来帮助人们找到你，并且只有在有人在附近的时候才喊。
Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Have you ever experienced any natural disasters? Match the following pictures with their names.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________
4．________ 5.________ 6.________
A．sand storm B．flood C．earthquake
D．snow storm E．fire F．drought
答案 1.E 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.F
Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.
1．Excuse me，Mr Wang, but can I．..
对不起，王先生，我能……
[仿写] 对不起，我可以问你个问题吗？
Excuse me, but can I ask__you__a__question?
2．Sorry, but my advice is to...
对不起，我的建议是……
[仿写] 对不起，我的建议是你自己继续找工作。
Sorry, but my advice is to keep__looking__for__jobs__yourself．
3．Well, I’d love to know more, but, unfortunately，...
嗯，我想知道的更多，但是，不幸的是，……
[仿写] 嗯，我很想知道更多，但不幸的是，我现在不得不离开。
Well, I’d love to know more，but, unfortunately, I__have__to__leave__now．
4．So, I’m very sorry, but...
所以，我很抱歉，但……
[仿写] 很抱歉，但你的聚会我不能参加了。
I’m very sorry, but I__can’t__come__to__your__party．
Ⅲ.Talk about your worries for tomorrow’s exam using the expressions above.
The__answer__is__open.
Ⅰ.语言知识积累
关于自然灾害方面常用语
1．at an end结束；终结
2．in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
3．dig out掘出；发现
4．a great number of许多；大量的
5．put up搭建
6．natural disasters自然灾害
7．be trapped in陷入
8．be buried in埋头于
9．right away立刻；马上
10．rescue team救援队
11．drinking water shortage饮用水缺乏
12．donate...to ...向……捐赠……
13．stricken area受灾地区
14．economic losses经济损失
15．come to one’s rescue前来救某人
16．rebuild one’s home重建某人的家园
17．cause damage to对……造成危害
18．take on a new look呈现新面貌
Ⅱ.文化知识习得
搜救犬
犬具有高度发达的神经系统，有灵敏的嗅觉、非凡的听觉、敏锐的视觉等特点；犬的鼻子里有 2.2 亿个嗅觉细胞，是人嗅觉能力的 300 万倍左右，能嗅出数万种不同气味；听力是人的16 倍，能在复杂的环境中进行声音辨别；而且犬视觉发达，具有在微弱光线下视物的能力。
搜救犬除了利用犬上述特有的功能外，还对犬的服从性、注意力、耐久性等有很高的要求。搜救犬性情温顺、攻击性弱，同时工作热情高，能很快地适应工作环境，投入工作。搜救犬中比较常用的品种为德国牧羊犬、拉布拉多犬、金毛猎犬、史宾格犬等。
而经过严格训练的搜救犬，在各种灾难救援现场发挥了独特的作用，它能捕捉空气中弥漫的人体散发的一些细微气味并引导训导员接近人体的地方，同时能判定是否是幸存者，还是遇难者的遗体。因此，在地震、雪崩等各种灾难后帮助寻找和搜救失踪的受难者，搜救犬的作用更是无可替代。
Ⅲ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．as you know正如你所知道的
2．natural disasters自然灾难
3．try our best to save them尽我们最大的努力去拯救他们
4．a very challenging process非常具有挑战性的过程
5．hard to imagine难以想象
6．a battle against time与时间的斗争
7．feel proud of为……感到自豪
8．stay away from远离
9．breathe in吸入
10．run out of用完
1．rescue n．&vt.营救；救援
Search and rescue vehicles are brought into destroyed areas.(教材P34)
搜救车被带到被破坏的地区。
[合作探究] 体会rescue的用法和意义
Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them.
消防队员撞开门，把他们救了出来。
David rescued a fisherman from the storm at sea.
戴维从海上的风暴中救起了一个渔民。
Rescue workers rushed to the site of the accident.
救援人员匆忙赶往事故现场。
No one came to their rescue until the following day.
直到第二天才有人来救他们。
[自主发现]
①rescue sb/sth from... 从……中营救出某人/某物
②come to one’s rescue 去救援或营救某人
[词块积累]
come/go/run to one’s rescue 来/去援救某人
[巩固内化]
介词填空/翻译句子
①I didn’t know anybody at the party, but the hostess came to my rescue.
②The lifeboat rescued the sailors from the sinking boat.
③他溺水被人救起。
He__was__rescued__from__drowning.
④老人跑去援救她。
The__old__man__ran__to__her__rescue.
2．trap vt.困住；使陷于危险中 n．圈套；陷阱
Rescue teams try to save people trapped under buildings.(教材P34)
救援队试图营救被困在建筑物下面的人。
[合作探究] 体会trap的用法和意义
The car was trapped in the deep snow.汽车陷入了深雪中。
They trapped him into signing the contract.他们诱骗他签了合同。
Mary set a trap for Peter and he really fell into the trap.
玛丽给彼得设了个圈套，而他真的中了圈套。
[自主发现]
①be trapped in... 被困于……中，陷入……中
②trap sb into doing sth 诱骗某人做某事
③set a trap for 给……设圈套
④fall into a trap 落入陷阱，落入圈套
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①They had__been__trapped (trap) in the cave for 20 days before rescued.
②The thief fell into the trap set by the police.
③They trapped her into telling (tell) where the gift was hidden.
④The fox can’t escape__from__the__trap (从陷阱中逃脱)．
⑤They found themselves trapped__in__the__burning__building (被困在着火的大楼里) as soon as they woke up.
3．attempt n．&vt.努力，尝试，企图 attempted adj. 未遂的，企图的
What happens on rescue attempts(教材P34)
在救援行动中会发生什么
[合作探究] 体会attempt的用法和意义
They are attempting to climb the steepest part of the mountain.
他们正尝试攀登那座山最陡峭的部分。
The prisoner made an attempt to escape, but in vain.
囚犯妄图逃跑，但是徒劳。
Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.
为了削减费用，两家工厂被关闭了。
I passed my driving test at/on the first attempt.
我考驾驶执照时，一次就通过了。
[自主发现]
①attempt to__do sth＝ make an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
②in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
③at/on the first attempt 第一次尝试
[词块积累]
an attempted suicide/murder自杀/谋杀未遂
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①The students who are not successful at/on__the__first__attempt may take the exam again.
第一次考试不及格的学生可参加补考。
②I made__no__attempt to make friends with her.我没有打算和她做朋友。
③Don’t attempt__to__do/make__an__attempt__at__doing so much in such a short time.
时间这么短，别想干这么多的事。
④Personally speaking, parents are__making__an__attempt/are__attempting__to__protect__their__kids by giving whatever they require.就我个人而言，父母们正在通过给孩子要的任何东西来保护他们的孩子。
4．damage n．伤害，损伤，损害 vt.损害；损毁
As you know, natural disasters like earthquakes, floods and landslides can cause death and other loss and damage that is hard to measure.(教材P102)
众所周知，地震、洪水和山体滑坡等自然灾害会造成死亡和其他难以估量的损失和破坏。
[合作探究] 体会damage的用法和意义
The heavy rain didn’t do/cause much damage to the crops.
这次暴风雨没有对农作物造成很大的损失。
Smoking will damage your health.抽烟会损坏你的健康。
The bridge was badly damaged by the flood.
那座桥被洪水损坏得很严重。
[自主发现]
①cause/do damage to 给……带来/造成损害
②be badly damaged 遭受严重损害
③damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Any one of these could cause/do__damage__to__a__spacecraft．
其中任何一样东西都会对宇宙飞船造成破坏。
②The car was__badly__damaged when it hit the wall.
当汽车撞到墙上，损毁得很严重。
③Eating junk food will badly__damage__your__health．
吃垃圾食品会严重损害你的健康。
5．measure vt.估量，衡量；测量 n．措施；尺寸，程度
...cause death and other loss and damage that is hard to measure.(教材P102)
……造成死亡和其他难以估量的损失和破坏。
[合作探究] 体会measure的用法和意义
The room measures 25 feet across.这个房间宽25英尺。
Our government is trying to take measures to prevent and control pollution.
我们的国家正试图采取措施，防止和控制污染。
Let me take your measure and then I will make a beautiful dress to your own measure.In some measure whether it will fit you depends on the result.
让我给你量一下尺寸，然后我就可以根据你自己的尺寸做一条漂亮的裙子了。在某种程度上，它是否合身取决于测量结果。
[自主发现]
①take measures to__do sth 采取措施做某事
②make...to__one’s own measure 根据某人的尺寸做(衣服)
③take sb’s measure 给某人量尺寸
④in some measure 在某种程度上
[名师提醒] 当measure表示“量起来有……长/高/宽……”时，是不及物动词，不用被动语态。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①We’ve taken measures(measure) to solve the housing problem.
②This bridge measures(measure) 5 kilometres long.
③Can you measure__the__height__of__the__tower without using any equipment?
你能不用任何设备测出这座塔的高度吗？
④Some__measures__have__been__taken,__but they haven’t worked up to now.
已经采取了一些措施，但它们到现在还未起作用。
⑤The government should take__effective__measures to solve the issues of food safety.
政府应采取有效措施解决食品安全问题。
6．conduct vt.实施；进行；执行 vi.& vt.指挥 n．行为举止；实施(办法)；引导
You’ve told us a lot about how you conduct rescue attempts, but could you please tell us more about protection？(教材P103)
你已经告诉我们很多关于你是如何进行营救的，但是你能告诉我们更多关于保护的事情吗？
[合作探究] 体会conduct的用法和意义
Miss Guo wants her students to conduct a survey for the school.
郭老师想让她的学生为学校开展一次调查。
Today I want to conduct myself in a proper manner.今天我要举止得体。
He is famous for his good conduct.他因良好的行为而远近闻名。
[自主发现]
①conduct a survey 进行调查
②conduct oneself 举止得体
③good conduct 良好的行为
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Moreover, I__would__like__to__conduct__a__survey__on the potential buyers.
此外，我想对潜在买家进行调查。
②How__should__I__conduct__myself at these dinners?
我在这类晚宴上该怎样做到举止得体呢？
③The children were__rewarded__for__good__conduct and punished for bad conduct.
孩子们因行为好而受奖励，因行为坏而受惩罚。
7．breathe vt.& vi.呼吸 breath n．呼吸
This is because shouting can cause you to breathe in a dangerous amount of dust.(教材P103)
这是因为大喊大叫会让你吸入大量危险的灰尘。
[合作探究] 体会breathe及其相关词的用法和意义
Place your hands on the small of your back and breathe in.
双手置于腰部，吸气。
Hold your breath for a count of five, then slowly breathe out.
屏住气息数五下，然后慢慢地呼气。
He was out of breath after running.他跑完后，上气不接下气。
[自主发现]
①breathe in 吸气
②breathe out 呼气
③out of__breath 上气不接下气
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①We lifted our heads to __breathe__in__the__fresh,__clear__air．
我们抬起头，吸进新鲜、干净的空气。
②After climbing that long flight of stairs she was__completely__out__of__breath．
爬完这么长的一段楼梯后，她已经完全喘不过气来了。
③The doctor told him to breathe__in__deeply and then breathe__out．
医生让他先深深吸一口气，然后再把气吐出来。
8．run out用完；耗尽
Well, I’d love to know more, but, unfortunately, we’ve run out of time.(教材P103)好吧，我很想知道更多，但是，不幸的是，我们已经没时间了。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
ran across 偶然遇到
run after 追赶
run away 突然离开；逃离
run over 撞倒，撞翻
①When the thief ran across a policeman, he ran away.
当小偷看到警察的时候，他立刻逃走了。
②The car ran over a duck crossing the road.
汽车轧死了一只过马路的鸭子。
[名师提醒] run out of为及物动词短语，可接宾语，也可用于被动语态，其主语为人；run out为不及物动词短语，不能接宾语，也不能用于被动语态，其主语为物。
③You’d better go home before your money runs out.
在花光钱之前，你最好回家。
④We have run out of sugar.Go and buy some.
我们已把糖用完了，去买点回来。
[巩固内化]
介、副词填空/同义句转换
①I ran across him on the street the other day.
②The policemen were running after a prisoner who escaped last night.
③The horse became frightened and then ran away．
④Petrol is running out,__so I have to stop at the next filling station.
⑤He was run over by a bus and killed.
⑥We must go home.Our money has given out.
→We must go home.Our money has__run__out．
⑦He has used up all the hot water.
→He has__run__out__of all the hot water.
Ⅰ.Listening
(Ⅰ)Listen to Dialogue 1 just once and choose the best answer.
Where was the woman when the hurricane came?
A．In her father’s friend’s house.
B．In the house with her husband.
C．On her way home.
答案 C
听力原文
M：Where were you when the hurricane hit our area?
W：We were invited to stay in my daddy’s friend’s in Amelia and we were on our way home from Amelia.
M：What do you know about Katrina?
W：Katrina was the strongest hurricane in the history of hurricanes.
(Ⅱ)Listen to Dialogue 2 twice and choose the best answer.
1．What happened in Africa?
A．A fire has destroyed many more square kilometers.
B．Millions of people are suffering from starvation.
C．Many people are buried under rubble.
2．Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the conversation?
A．A flood. B．A forest fire.
C．An earthquake.
3．How many people have been killed in the last disaster?
A．6. B．Less than 20.
C．Over 100.
答案 1.B 2.A 3.B
听力原文
W：Are there any interesting stories in the newspaper today?
M：There are a few stories about natural disasters.There is a massive forest fire in Australia.It has destroyed many more square kilometers.
W：Was it caused accidentally or naturally? Sometimes it gets so hot that fires begin naturally in Australia and Africa.
M：Nobody knows at the moment, but it has been very hot there recently.The drought in Africa is causing starvation.Millions of people have migrated in order to find some food.
W：What is the international community doing to help?
M：The European Union has sent several planes with relief supplies.Several countries have sent soldiers to distribute food and medical supplies.Refugee camps have been set up across the region.
W：How many countries have been affected?
M：Six have been seriously affected, but the refugees are also migrating to several surrounding countries.
W：I saw on the TV yesterday that there has been another earthquake.
M：Yes.There have been a few there recently.They say that this one was not a big quake.The Iranians are dealing with it on their own.They have purchased some special equipment to find people buried under rubble.
W：Does the newspaper say anything about casualties?
M：So far, less than 20 people have died, but over 100 are in hospital.
Ⅱ.Listening and talking
(Ⅰ)Listening—Listen to Dialogue 2 twice and fill in the blanks.
W：Are there any interesting stories in the newspaper today?
M：There are a few stories about ①natural__disasters．There is a massive forest fire in Australia.It ②has__destroyed many more square kilometers.
W：Was it caused accidentally or naturally? Sometimes it gets so hot that fires begin naturally in Australia and Africa.
M：Nobody knows at the moment, but it has been very hot there recently.The ③drought in Africa is causing starvation.④Millions__of__people have migrated in order to find some food.
W：What is the international community doing to help?
M：The European Union has sent several planes with relief supplies.Several countries have sent soldiers to ⑤distribute food and medical supplies.Refugee camps have been set up across the region.
W：How many countries ⑥have__been__affected?
M：Six have been seriously affected, but the refugees are also migrating to several surrounding countries.
W：I saw on the TV yesterday that there has been another earthquake.
M：Yes.There have been a few there recently.They say that this one was not a big quake.The Iranians are ⑦dealing__with it on their own.They have purchased some special equipment to find people buried under rubble.
W：Does the newspaper say anything about casualties?
M：So far, ⑧less__than__20 people have died, but over 100 are in hospital.
(Ⅱ) Talking—Work with your partner to talk about one of natural disasters you experienced.
The__answer__is__open.
课件45张PPT。Ⅰ.Pre-listening—Translate the following words and phrases.1．rescue n．&vt. ________________
2．vehicle n. ________________
3．trap vt. ________________
4．attempt n．&vt. ________________
5．interrupt vt. ________________Section Ⅲ Lesson 2营救；救援交通工具，车辆困住；使陷于危险中努力，尝试，企图打断讲话6．death n. ________________
7．loss n. ________________
8．damage vt. ________________
9．measure vt. ________________
10．operation n. ________________________
11．overseas adv. ________________
12．site n. ________________
13．process n. ________________
14．battle n. ________________________死，死亡丧失；死亡伤害，损伤，损害估量，衡量；测量行动，活动；手术；操作在海外，在外国场所，地点过程，进程较量，竞争；斗争；战争15．duty n. ________________
16．suffering n. ____________________________
17．conduct vt. ________________
vi.& vt. ________________
18．protection n. ________________
19．lamp n. ________________
20．nearby adv. ________________
21．breathe vt.& vi. ________________
22．breathe in ________________
23．dust n. ________________24．run out ________________职责，义务；责任(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨执行；实施；进行指挥保护；防护灯附近呼吸吸气灰尘；尘埃用完；耗尽Ⅱ.While-listening1．Finish Ex.2 & Ex.3 on Page 34.
2．Finish Ex.5 & Ex.6 on Page 35.Ⅲ.Post listening—Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1．Mr Wang, I know you have been part of many rescue operations overseas, as well as in China, for example the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008.王先生，我知道你在海外和中国都参与过许多救援行动，比如2008年的汶川地震。2．Well, in the rescue attempts our first and most important goal is to save lives, for example, at an earthquake site.在营救行动中，我们救援的第一个也是最重要的目标是拯救生命。例如，在地震现场。3．So we use search and rescue vehicles and trained dogs to look for anyone who is still alive and try our best to save them.所以我们用搜救车和训练有素的狗来寻找任何活着的人，并尽我们最大的努力去拯救他们。4．Sorry, but my advice is to knock on a wall to help people find you and only shout when someone is nearby.对不起，我的建议是敲一下墙来帮助人们找到你，并且只有在有人在附近的时候才喊。Ⅰ.语言知识积累
关于自然灾害方面常用语1．at an end结束；终结
2．in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
3．dig out掘出；发现
4．a great number of许多；大量的
5．put up搭建
6．natural disasters自然灾害
7．be trapped in陷入
8．be buried in埋头于9．right away立刻；马上
10．rescue team救援队
11．drinking water shortage饮用水缺乏
12．donate...to ...向……捐赠……
13．stricken area受灾地区
14．economic losses经济损失
15．come to one’s rescue前来救某人
16．rebuild one’s home重建某人的家园
17．cause damage to对……造成危害
18．take on a new look呈现新面貌Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Have you ever experienced any natural disasters? Match the following pictures with their names.1．________ 2.________ 3.________EAD4．________ 5.________ 6.________A．sand storm B．flood C．earthquake
D．snow storm E．fire F．droughtBCFⅡ.Make sentences after the model.1．Excuse me，Mr Wang, but can I．..对不起，王先生，我能……[仿写] 对不起，我可以问你个问题吗？
Excuse me, but can I ______________________?2．Sorry, but my advice is to...对不起，我的建议是……[仿写] 对不起，我的建议是你自己继续找工作。
Sorry, but my advice is to ______________________________.ask you a questionkeep looking for jobs yourself3．Well, I’d love to know more, but, unfortunately, ...嗯，我想知道的更多，但是，不幸的是，……
[仿写] 嗯，我很想知道更多，但不幸的是，我现在不得不离开。
Well, I’d love to know more，but, unfortunately, _____________________________．4．So, I’m very sorry, but...所以，我很抱歉，但……[仿写] 很抱歉，但你的聚会我不能参加了。
I’m very sorry, but ___________________________.I have to leave nowI can’t come to your partyⅢ.Talk about your worries for tomorrow’s exam using the expressions above.The answer is open.Ⅱ.文化知识习得
搜救犬犬具有高度发达的神经系统，有灵敏的嗅觉、非凡的听觉、敏锐的视觉等特点；犬的鼻子里有 2.2 亿个嗅觉细胞，是人嗅觉能力的 300 万倍左右，能嗅出数万种不同气味；听力是人的16 倍，能在复杂的环境中进行声音辨别；而且犬视觉发达，具有在微弱光线下视物的能力。
搜救犬除了利用犬上述特有的功能外，还对犬的服从性、注意力、耐久性等有很高的要求。搜救犬性情温顺、攻击性弱，同时工作热情高，能很快地适应工作环境，投入工作。搜救犬中比较常用的品种为德国牧羊犬、拉布拉多犬、金毛猎犬、史宾格犬等。而经过严格训练的搜救犬，在各种灾难救援现场发挥了独特的作用，它能捕捉空气中弥漫的人体散发的一些细微气味并引导训导员接近人体的地方，同时能判定是否是幸存者，还是遇难者的遗体。因此，在地震、雪崩等各种灾难后帮助寻找和搜救失踪的受难者，搜救犬的作用更是无可替代。Ⅲ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义
1．as you know________________
2．natural disasters________________
3．try our best to save them______________________________
4．a very challenging process________________________
5．hard to imagine________________
6．a battle against time________________ 正如你所知道的自然灾难尽我们最大的努力去拯救他们非常具有挑战性的过程难以想象与时间的斗争7．feel proud of________________
8．stay away from________________
9．breathe in________________
10．run out of________________为……感到自豪远离吸入用完1．rescue n．&vt.营救；救援Search and rescue vehicles are brought into destroyed areas.(教材P34)
搜救车被带到被破坏的地区。
[合作探究] 体会rescue的用法和意义
Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them. 消防队员撞开门，把他们救了出来。
David rescued a fisherman from the storm at sea. 戴维从海上的风暴中救起了一个渔民。
Rescue workers rushed to the site of the accident. 救援人员匆忙赶往事故现场。
No one came to their rescue until the following day. 直到第二天才有人来救他们。[自主发现]①rescue sb/sth ____________... 从……中营救出某人/某物
②come ____________ one’s rescue 去救援或营救某人
[词块积累]
come/go/run to one’s rescue 来/去援救某人fromto [巩固内化]介词填空/翻译句子
①I didn’t know anybody at the party, but the hostess came ____________ my rescue.
②The lifeboat rescued the sailors ____________ the sinking boat.
③他溺水被人救起。
________________________________
④老人跑去援救她。
________________________________tofromHe was rescued from drowning.The old man ran to her rescue.2．trap vt.困住；使陷于危险中 n．圈套；陷阱Rescue teams try to save people trapped under buildings.(教材P34)
救援队试图营救被困在建筑物下面的人。
[合作探究] 体会trap的用法和意义
The car was trapped in the deep snow.汽车陷入了深雪中。
They trapped him into signing the contract.他们诱骗他签了合同。
Mary set a trap for Peter and he really fell into the trap.
玛丽给彼得设了个圈套，而他真的中了圈套。[自主发现]①be trapped ____________... 被困于……中，陷入……中
②trap sb ____________ doing sth 诱骗某人做某事
③set a trap ____________ 给……设圈套
④fall into a trap 落入陷阱，落入圈套inintofor[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子
①They ________________ (trap) in the cave for 20 days before rescued.
②The thief fell ____________ the trap set by the police.
③They trapped her into ____________ (tell) where the gift was hidden.
④The fox can’t _____________________ (从陷阱中逃脱)．had been trappedintotellingescape from the trap⑤They found themselves ____________________________ (被困在着火的大楼里) as soon as they woke up.trapped in the burning building3．attempt n．&vt.努力，尝试，企图 attempted adj. 未遂的，企图的What happens on rescue attempts(教材P34)
在救援行动中会发生什么
[合作探究] 体会attempt的用法和意义
They are attempting to climb the steepest part of the mountain.
他们正尝试攀登那座山最陡峭的部分。
The prisoner made an attempt to escape, but in vain. 囚犯妄图逃跑，但是徒劳。
Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.
为了削减费用，两家工厂被关闭了。
I passed my driving test at/on the first attempt. 我考驾驶执照时，一次就通过了。[自主发现]①attempt ____________ sth＝ make an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
②____________ an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
③____________ the first attempt 第一次尝试[词块积累]an attempted suicide/murder自杀/谋杀未遂to doinat/on[巩固内化] 完成句子①The students who are not successful _____________________________________ may
take the exam again.
第一次考试不及格的学生可参加补考。
②I ________________ to make friends with her.我没有打算和她做朋友。
③Don’t______________________________________ so much in such a short time.
时间这么短，别想干这么多的事。
④Personally speaking, parents ______________________________________________ by giving whatever they require.
就我个人而言，父母们正在通过给孩子要的任何东西来保护他们的孩子。at/on the first attemptmade no attemptattempt to do/make an attempt at doingare making an attempt/are attempting to protect their kids4．damage n．伤害，损伤，损害 vt.损害；损毁As you know, natural disasters like earthquakes, floods and landslides can cause death and other loss and damage that is hard to measure.(教材P102)众所周知，地震、洪水和山体滑坡等自然灾害会造成死亡和其他难以估量的损失和破坏。
[合作探究] 体会damage的用法和意义
The heavy rain didn’t do/cause much damage to the crops.
这次暴风雨没有对农作物造成很大的损失。
Smoking will damage your health.抽烟会损坏你的健康。
The bridge was badly damaged by the flood. 那座桥被洪水损坏得很严重。[自主发现]①cause/do damage ____________ 给……带来/造成损害
②be badly ____________ 遭受严重损害
③damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Any one of these could ________________________________．
其中任何一样东西都会对宇宙飞船造成破坏。
②The car _____________________when it hit the wall.
当汽车撞到墙上，损毁得很严重。todamagedcause/do damage to a spacecraftwas badly damaged③Eating junk food will ____________________________．
吃垃圾食品会严重损害你的健康。badly damage your health5．measure vt.估量，衡量；测量 n．措施；尺寸，程度...cause death and other loss and damage that is hard to measure.(教材P102)
……造成死亡和其他难以估量的损失和破坏。
[合作探究] 体会measure的用法和意义
The room measures 25 feet across.这个房间宽25英尺。
Our government is trying to take measures to prevent and control pollution.
我们的国家正试图采取措施，防止和控制污染。
Let me take your measure and then I will make a beautiful dress to your own measure.In some measure whether it will fit you depends on the result.
让我给你量一下尺寸，然后我就可以根据你自己的尺寸做一条漂亮的裙子了。在某种程度上，它是否合身取决于测量结果。[自主发现]①take measures ____________ sth 采取措施做某事
②make...____________one’s own measure 根据某人的尺寸做(衣服)
③take sb’s measure 给某人量尺寸
④____________ some measure 在某种程度上
[名师提醒] 当measure表示“量起来有……长/高/宽……”时，是不及物动词，不用被动语态。to dotoin[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子
①We’ve taken ____________(measure) to solve the housing problem.
②This bridge _____________ (measure) 5 kilometres long.
③Can you ______________________________ without using any equipment?
你能不用任何设备测出这座塔的高度吗？measuresmeasuresmeasure the height of the tower④______________________________， but they haven’t worked up to now.
已经采取了一些措施，但它们到现在还未起作用。
⑤The government should ________________________________ to solve the issues of food safety.
政府应采取有效措施解决食品安全问题。Some measures have been takentake effective measures6．conduct vt.实施；进行；执行 vi.& vt.指挥 n．行为举止；实施(办法)；引导You’ve told us a lot about how you conduct rescue attempts, but could you please tell us more about protection？(教材P103)
你已经告诉我们很多关于你是如何进行营救的，但是你能告诉我们更多关于保护的事情吗？
[合作探究] 体会conduct的用法和意义
Miss Guo wants her students to conduct a survey for the school.
郭老师想让她的学生为学校开展一次调查。
Today I want to conduct myself in a proper manner.今天我要举止得体。
He is famous for his good conduct.他因良好的行为而远近闻名。[自主发现]①conduct ____________ survey 进行调查
②conduct ____________ 举止得体
③good conduct 良好的行为
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Moreover, _______________________________ on the potential buyers.
此外，我想对潜在买家进行调查。aoneselfI would like to conduct a survey②________________________________ at these dinners?
我在这类晚宴上该怎样做到举止得体呢？
③The children ________________________________ and punished for bad conduct.
孩子们因行为好而受奖励，因行为坏而受惩罚。How should I conduct myselfwere rewarded for good conduct7．breathe vt.& vi.呼吸 breath n．呼吸This is because shouting can cause you to breathe in a dangerous amount of dust.(教材P103) 这是因为大喊大叫会让你吸入大量危险的灰尘。
[合作探究] 体会breathe及其相关词的用法和意义
Place your hands on the small of your back and breathe in.
双手置于腰部，吸气。
Hold your breath for a count of five, then slowly breathe out.
屏住气息数五下，然后慢慢地呼气。
He was out of breath after running.他跑完后，上气不接下气。[自主发现]①breathe ____________ 吸气
②breathe ____________ 呼气
③out ____________breath 上气不接下气
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①We lifted our heads to ________________________________．
我们抬起头，吸进新鲜、干净的空气。
②After climbing that long flight of stairs she ________________________________．
爬完这么长的一段楼梯后，她已经完全喘不过气来了。
③The doctor told him to ________________ and then ________________．
医生让他先深深吸一口气，然后再把气吐出来。inoutofbreathe in the fresh, clear airwas completely out of breathbreathe in deeplybreathe out8.run out用完；耗尽Well, I’d love to know more, but, unfortunately, we’ve run out of time.(教材P103)
好吧，我很想知道更多，但是，不幸的是，我们已经没时间了。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
ran across 偶然遇到
run after 追赶
run away 突然离开；逃离
run over 撞倒，撞翻①When the thief ran across a policeman, he ran away.
当小偷看到警察的时候，他立刻逃走了。
②The car ran over a duck crossing the road.
汽车轧死了一只过马路的鸭子。
[名师提醒] run out of为及物动词短语，可接宾语，也可用于被动语态，其主语为人；run out为不及物动词短语，不能接宾语，也不能用于被动语态，其主语为物。
③You’d better go home before your money runs out.
在花光钱之前，你最好回家。
④We have run out of sugar.Go and buy some.
我们已把糖用完了，去买点回来。[巩固内化]介、副词填空/同义句转换
①I ran ____________ him on the street the other day.
②The policemen were running ____________ a prisoner who escaped last night.
③The horse became frightened and then ran ____________．
④Petrol is running ____________， so I have to stop at the next filling station.
⑤He was run ____________ by a bus and killed.acrossafterawayoutover⑥We must go home.Our money has given out.
→We must go home.Our money ________________．
⑦He has used up all the hot water.
→He ________________ all the hot water.has run outhas run out ofSection Ⅳ Lesson 3
1．Discussion—What do the following two pictures describe? Have you ever dreamed of a journey there? Why?
The__two__pictures__describe__Antarctic.I’ve__dreamed__of__going__there__for__a__visit.Antarctic__continent__is__the__world’s__latest__discovery__of__the__continent,__alone__at__the__southernmost__tip__of__the__Earth.Antarctic__is__known__as__the__“white__continent”__with__more__than__95__percent__of__the__area__covered__by__thick__ice__and__snow.Antarctic__is__surrounded__by__the__Pacific,__Atlantic,__Indian__Ocean,__and__because__it__is__far__from__the__other__continents,__completely__cut__off__from__the__civilized__world__and__the__mainland,__it__has__not__yet__permanent__residents,__only__a__small__number__of__scientists__living__and__working__there__temporarily.
2．Prediction—Look at the pictures and the title of the text on Page 36 and predict what the text is probably about.
The__text__is__mainly__about__the__exploration__to__Antarctic.
Ⅰ.First reading—Skim the text for the main idea of each part.
Para.
Main Ideas
1
The race to ①the__South__Pole began.
2－4
Amundsen’s team ②won__the__race．
5－8
③The__return__journey was of great difficulty.
9
Scott and his companions became heroes because of ④great__courage.
2.Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)Which of the following is a fact about the team of Captain Scott?
A．Captain Scott set out earlier than Roald Amundsen.
B．Captain Scott started on 1 June 1910 and marched non－stop till 17 January, 1912.
C．On their way back, they carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way with them.
D．The whole team died from hunger.
(2)Which of the following can NOT be the cause of the failure of the race for Captain Scott?
A．They had to push the sledge themselves.
B．A storm broke out at a wrong time.
C．They spent time writing home instead of struggling.
D．The horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.
(3)The story mainly tells us ________．
A．an experience of the race to the Pole
B．the lesson from Captain Scott
C．the way to the South Pole can be too hard
D．enough food will ensure us to go
答案 (1)C (2)C (3)A
3．Third reading—Read the text carefully and fill in the form below.
Topic
The ①Race to the Pole Amundsen’s successful expedition
Amundsen’s successful expedition
·Amundsen from Norway was the first to leave，on 8 September，1911.
·He had teams of ②dogs pulling sledges and all his men were on skis，because of which he made ③rapid__progress．
·Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December，1911 and put their national ④flag there.Then he prepared for the return journey.
Scott’s difficult but courageous expedition
·Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems.
·The horses had difficulties with the snow and the cold，and the sledges broke down.After a while，Scott and his men had to ⑤push the sledges themselves.
·Scott and four team members finally reached the Pole and they were ⑥shocked by the Norwegian’s first arrival.
Result and implied meaning
·The return journey was hard for Scott and his men.They were ⑦tired/exhausted and running out of food and the weather was terrible.All of the men died in the ⑧exploration．
·Scott and his men ⑨failed to win the race to the Pole but they were made into heroes because of their extraordinary ⑩courage.
Discussion：
1．What lessons have you learned from the story？Give your reasons.
The__answer__is__open.
2．Would you say that Scott and his team were losers？Why?
The__answer__is__open.
世界七大洲
1．Asia亚洲
2．Europe欧洲
3．Oceania大洋洲
4．Antarctica南极洲
5．Africa非洲
6．North America北美洲
7．South America南美洲
巧解推理判断题
1．借助关键词进行推理判断
此类推理判断题只需要寻找与题干有逻辑关系的关键词就可以推出正确答案。因此，解题时应认真阅读试题，弄清要求和回答问题的角度，结合原文看是否有关键词可以用来进行推理判断。
2．借助关键句、段进行推理判断
此类试题的解答需要对较多信息进行阅读和推理，因此，解题时应认真阅读试题题干，回到原文找到与题目有逻辑关系的关键句、段，并借助其进行推理判断，看与哪一个备选项在意义与逻辑上吻合。
3．借助常识进行推理判断
此类推理判断题要求在读懂所涉及内容的每个句子的基础上，结合自己的生活常识进行推断。
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．She opened the door in front of her，and saw the captain of the airplane and the other officers.n.机长
2．Shanghai is the most important industrial base of China.n.基地
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．make progress取得进步
2．after a while不久；过一会儿
3．prepare for the return journey准备回程
4．all the way 一路上，远道，自始至终
5．at one time曾经，一度
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1．but连接并列句；though引导让步状语从句。
We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.
2．过去分词短语作定语
Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the great courage shown by Captain Scott and his men made them heroes.
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．Organizers are making final preparations(prepare) for the Olympic Games.
2．All the children remained cheerful (cheer)during the journey.
3．One of his ambitions (抱负) is to study abroad.
4．I was born in a town that was quite distant (远的) from here.
5．The old woman was anxiously (anxious) awaiting the return of her relatives.
6．This is the information on the space exploration(explore) from the past, present and future.
7．The study was based(以……为基础) on data from 2，100 women.
8．He almost persuaded me of his honesty (honest)．
9．Tom can’t persuade himself of my sincerity (sincere)．
10．In the face of danger, they show great bravery (brave)．
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．The telephone system broke__down(坏了) suddenly while he was calling his mother.
2．He carried__on (继续)the task left by his comrades.
3．I have__run__out__of(用完) all my money up to now.
4．Joe is training in__preparation__for(为……做准备) the next football match.
5．I paid a visit to one of my old friends __on__my__way__to(在我回……的路上) Boston.
6．Are you making__progress (取得进步)in your study?
7．Steven Spielberg is one of the most famous directors in__the__history__of(在……的历史上) film.
8．I have__some__difficulty__(in)(在……方面有困难) communicating with foreigners.
记单词
Ⅰ.“词中词”法帮你记
1．ant→distant 遥远的
2．star→starve 挨饿
3．have→behave 表现
4．arm→harm 伤害
5．plain→explain 解释
6．fright→frighten 吓唬
7．serve→deserve 值得
8．end→tend 趋向
Ⅱ.词缀法助记派生词
1．形容词后缀：－ful
cheer(n.) →cheerful(adj.)
harm(n)→harmful(adj.)
2．名词后缀：－ation, －ty, －y
prepare(v.) →preparation(n.)
explore(v.)→exploration(n.)
honest(adj.)→honesty(n.)
sincere(adj.)→sincerity(n.)
brave(adj.)→bravery(n.)
3．副词后缀：－ly
anxious(adj.) →anxiously(adv.)
curious(adj.)→curiously(adv.)
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。
[仿写] 现在轮到你了。Now comes__your__turn．
2．He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.
他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在雪板上。
[仿写] 他让我们在午饭期间一直笑个不停。
He had__us__laughing during the lunchtime.
3．We are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.
我们看上去都很愉快，但我能猜出大家心里的想法。
[仿写] 令民众担心的事是能否找到阻止污染的方法。
What__worries__the__public is whether ways will be found to stop pollution.
句型公式
1．完全倒装语序
2．have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
3．what引导名词性从句
1．preparation n．预备，准备 prepare v．准备
What preparations do they need to make? (教材P36)他们需要做什么准备？
[合作探究] 体会preparation及其相关词的用法和意义
They’ve sold their house and car in preparation for leaving the country.
他们卖掉了房子和汽车准备出国。
Mrs.White is busy making preparations for her daughter’s wedding.
怀特夫人正忙着为女儿的婚礼做准备。
Mother is preparing us a meal.We may wash our hands and prepare for the meal.妈妈正在给我们准备饭，我们可以洗手准备吃饭了。
[自主发现]
①in preparation for 准备……
②make preparations for 为……作准备
③prepare for... 为……作准备
[名师提醒]
(1)preparation用作不可数名词时表示“准备，预备”，常用于in preparation (for sth)短语中；(2)用作可数名词时表示具体的“准备工作”，常与动词make连用，组成make preparations for。
[巩固内化]
完成句子/翻译句子
①In__preparation__for the 2020 Olympic Games, he trains hard every day.
为准备2020年奥运会，他每天都刻苦训练。
②He didn’t make__any__preparation__for this exam, so he failed.
他考试前没做任何准备，所以没及格。
③我们正为即将到来的考试作准备。
We__are__making__preparations__for/preparing__for__the__coming__exam.
2．base n．基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基地 basic adj.基础的，基本的
During the polar summer of 1910－1911, both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.(教材P36)
在1910—1911年的极地夏季，两队人都为下一年的探险做了食物储备。
[合作探究] 体会base的用法和意义
You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research.
你应该以审慎的研究为基础而下结论。
The movie A Smile Is Beautiful is based on/upon the popular novel of the same name.电影《微微一笑很倾城》是以同名人气小说为基础(改编)的。
[自主发现]
①base...on/upon 把……置于……基础之上
②be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/翻译句子
①Basic (base) research is of great importance in all scientific fields.
②Based (base) on a true story, the novel is popular soon.
③医患关系是以信任为基础的。(be based on)
The__doctor－patient__relationship__is__based__on__trust.
3．prove vt.证明；证实
Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.(教材P37)
后来，这些岩石证明，在遥远的过去，南极洲大陆曾一度被植物覆盖。
[合作探究] 体会prove的用法和意义
The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.
困难在于他怎样向其他科学家证实他的想法。
They prove themselves (to be) wise and brave.他们证实自己机智勇敢。
He proved (to be) an honest man.后来证明他是一个诚实的人。
It is proved that this method is effective.据证明这种方法是行之有效的。
[自主发现]
①prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事
②prove oneself (to be) ... 证明自己是……
③prove (to be)＋n./adj. 原来是；证明是
④It is proved that．.. 据证明……
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①She proved herself (her) to be an able secretary.
②By 1914 Einstein’s theory proved to__be (be) correct.
③It has been proved again and again that what is said in the ads greatly affects people’s impression of the products.
④Can you prove your theory to us?
break down停止运转，出故障；(身体等)垮掉；失败；使分解
First, his two sledges broke down, and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.(教材P36)
先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
break out 突然爆发
break up 粉碎；结束；解散
break through 获得重大发现；取得重大突破；冲出
①Talks with business leaders broke down last night.
昨晚与商界领导人的谈判失败了。
②Everybody was alarmed at the news that war might break out.
听到战争可能爆发的消息人人感到恐慌。
[巩固内化]
(1)写出句中break down的含义
①Her health broke down under the pressure of work.垮掉
②I left London when my marriage broke down.失败
③The car broke down just north of Paris.出故障
④Food is broken down in the stomach.使分解
(2)完成句子
⑤Angry people broke__through (冲过) the barriers despite of warnings from the police.
⑥Two world wars have__broken__out (爆发) in our planet so far.
1．Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(教材P36)接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。
[句式解读] 该句为完全倒装语序，主语为the total darkness of the polar winter, 谓语为came。
[用法总结]
(1)表示地点的副词here, there, up, down, out, in, away；表示时间的副词now, then；表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，句子用完全倒装。
(2)完全倒装句中的谓语动词常是系动词be或come, go, lie, stand等不及物动词，且主语是名词。
①Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
②In came the headmaster.校长进来了。
③Gone are the days when we were looked down upon.
我们被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。
④In the yard stands a tall tree.院子里有一棵大树。
[名师提醒]
(1)这种完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。
(2)谓语动词的单复数视后面主语的单复数而定。
[巩固内化]
用完全倒装结构完成下列句子
①At the foot of the mountain lives__an__old__man (住着一位老人)．
②Out rushed__a__big__dog (一条大狗冲了出来)．
③North of the village lies__a__river (卧着一条河)．
2．He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.(教材P36)
他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在雪板上。
[句式解读] 本句使用了句型“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，其中have是使役动词，意为“使，叫，让”。
[用法总结] 该句型用法有以下几种：
(1)have sb/sth doing 让某人做某事(动作具有持续、进行含义)
(2)have sb do 让某人做某事
(3)have sth done 让/请别人做某事；遭受到
①They tried to have her talking, but no use.他们想让她说话，但没用。
②She had planned to have her daughter marry Laurie.
她本打算让女儿嫁给劳里。
③As we left we had a photograph taken together.临走时，我们一起照相了。
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①He had his favorite Alsatian dog poisoned(poison) and two other dogs in the household shot(shoot)．
②She’ll have you doing (do) all the housework if you’re not careful.
③The rich lady had the singer eat(eat) with her servants.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
On 1 June, 1910, Captain Scott began his journey 1.to__ Antarctica.At the same time, the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was also going south.During the polar summer, both teams organised food bases in 2.preparation (prepare) for their journeys.Amundsen reached the Antarctica first.Then he prepared for the return journey.Scott 3.finally(final) arrived at the Pole.They 4.were__shocked (shock) when they saw the Norwegian flag.Scott wrote sadly in his diary：“Well, we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing—and goodbye to most of our 5.dreams (dream)．”
The return journey was one of the worst in the exploration.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott realised their 6.hopeless (hope) situation：“We are very cheerful，7.but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess ...”．Then a terrible storm started.Scott spent some of his last hours 8.writing (write)．He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife.The news of Scott’s death shocked 9.the world.He had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the extraordinary courage 10.shown (show) by Captain Scott and his men made them heroes.
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
上周我们参加了夏令营，对此我们做了充分的准备(make preparations for)。一大早我们就出发了。在去夏令营的路上(on one’s way to)，我们的车坏(break down)了。过了一会儿(after a while)，我把车修好(have sth done)了。我们快速开车到目的地，不幸的是，我们的油用完(run out of)了，我费了好大劲(have great difficulty in)才弄来了汽油。令我吃惊的是(to one’s shock)，当我们到达目的地时，没有人。结果是我弄错了时间。
Last__week__we__joined__a__summer__camp.We__made__full__preparations__for__it.We__set__off__early__in__the__morning.On__our__way__to__the__summer__camp,__our__car__broke__down.After__a__while，I__had__it__repaired__well.We__drove__quickly__to__the__destination.Unluckily__we__ran__out__of__petrol.I__had__great__difficulty__in__getting__some__petrol.To__my__shock,__when__we__arrived__at__the__destination，there__was__no__one.It__turned__out__that__I__were__mistaken__about__the__exact__time.
后缀
有些英语单词由三部分组成，即：前缀，词根及后缀。单词中位于词根前面的部分就是前缀，位于词根后面的部分就是后缀。如：unacceptable中un是前缀，accept是词根，able是后缀。后缀词是指在一个词根的后面附加一个或几个字母构成的一个新词。如：snowy中y就是后缀。通常，后缀改变单词的词性，不改变词根的含义。
[合作探究] 画出下列单词的后缀
1．reader 读者 2.inventor 发明家
3．Chinese 中国人 4.Indian 印度人
5．artist 艺术家 6.kindness 和蔼
7．operation 手术
[自主发现]
这些单词是在各自的词根后加了不同的后缀，如－er, －or, －ese, －ian等。
常见的后缀见下表：
分类
举例
名词后缀
－er/－or(从事……的人)，－ese(某地人)，－ess(雌性)，－ian(……的人)，－ist(专业人员)，－ism(主义)，－ment(性质；状态)，－ness(性质)，－tion/－ation(动作；过程)，－dom(状态；区域)
动词后缀
－en(多用于形容词之后)，－fy(使……化)，－ize(使……成为)
形容词后缀
－al，－able，－an，－ble，－ern，－ful，－ive，－less，－like，－ly，－y，－ous，－some
副词后缀
－ly(用于形容词后表示方式或程度)，－ward(s)(表示方向)
数词后缀
－teen，－th，－ty
当我们的单词积累到一定词汇量的时候，通过前缀后缀的对比可以帮助我们理解记忆这些单词，比如通过构词法产生的新单词可以帮助背诵基本的单词，从而避免一些记了新单词而忘记老单词的情况。
[巩固内化]
1．画出下列单词的名词后缀
①teacher 教师
②Japanese 日本人
③musician 音乐家
④artist 艺术家
2．画出下列单词的动词后缀
①widen 加宽
②beautify 美化
3．画出下列单词的形容词后缀
①American 美国的
②careful__细心的
③active 有活力的
4．画出下列单词的副词后缀
①quickly 迅速地
②angrily 生气地
5．画出下列单词的数词后缀
①thirteen 十三
②fourth第四
Ⅰ.给下面单词加上适当的后缀
1．movement n．运动
2．darkness n. 黑暗
3．invention n. 发明
4．realize v. 意识到
5．national adj. 民族的
6．reasonable__ adj. 合理的
7．northward adv. 朝北
8．upward(s) adv. 向上
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top attraction (attract)．
2．He is the only survivor(survive) of this earthquake.
3．It is certainly (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
4．As natural (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
5．She is determined to carry on with her education(educate)．
6．However, be careful (care) not to go to extremes.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His ambition(抱负) is to become a great scientist in the future.
2．She welcomed us with a cheerful (兴高采烈的)greeting.
3．In the past, studying abroad was a distant (遥远的) dream for most people.
4．He is practising every day, in preparation(准备) for the ice－skating championship.
5．He travelled alone across the whole continent(大洲) of Africa from east to west.
6．The first thing you’ll see on Mars will be one of the __polar(极地的) ice caps.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．On__my__way__home，I visited Mr.Wang.
回家途中，我拜访了王先生。
2．They are__all__making__preparations__for/preparing__for tomorrow’s examination.
他们都在为明天的考试做准备。
3．We had__the__washing__machine__repaired just now.
我们刚才请人把洗衣机修好了。
4．Within a month, he ran__out__of__all__his__money．
一个月内，他花光了身上所有的钱。
5．The door opened slowly and there stood__the__woman．
门慢慢打开，那位女士就站在那里。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
In one of the world’s most forbidding environments，polar bears spend their summers roaming (漫步) the Arctic on large pieces of floating ice.They drift(漂移) for hundreds of miles，finding mates，hunting for seals，and fatting themselves up for the winter.Without the floating ice，the world’s largest bears could not survive.Yet at this moment，the polar bears’ Arctic habitat (栖息地) is melting away under it because of global warming.
Over the past three decades，more than a million square miles of floating ice has disappeared.Scientists predict that，if the current rate of global warming continues，most，if not all，of the bears’ floating ice will be gone by 2100.As a result，the world’s polar bears could face global dying out by the end of this century.
Already，the ice on the southern edge of the polar bears’ habitat is melting about three weeks earlier than in the past.The loss of those key weeks leaves the bears less time to hunt，eat and store up fat.Once the ice melts，the__bears__must__fast__for__up__to__eight__months__on__land until the floating ice returns.As a result of early melting，there has been a 14 percent decline in the Hudson Bay polar bear population over the past ten years—a fall clearly caused by global warming.
Besides，a growing number of polar bears may be drowning (溺水) as they are forced to swim more often，and for longer distances，looking for ice sheets(冰原)．According to a report by the US Minerals Management Service，researchers observed four dead polar bears floating 60 miles off Alaska in September of 2006 and said it was likely that many other bears swimming far off shore also drowned.Scientists have concluded that the worldwide population of about 20，000 polar bears is likely to become smaller by more than 30 percent in the next 35 to 50 years alone.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了北极熊的生活习性和地球变暖给北极熊带来的危害。
1．What do polar bears usually do in summer?
A．Look for relatives.
B．Hunt for food.
C．Store crops up.
D．Make friends with seals.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They drift(漂移) for hundreds of miles...up for the winter.”可知，北极熊通常在夏天猎获食物。故选B。]
2．What disaster will happen to polar bears by the end of this century according to the text?
A．Global drowning. B．Global dying out.
C．Global hunger. D．Global roaming.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“As a result，the world’s polar bears...by the end of this century.”可知，到本世纪末，北极熊将会全球性灭绝。故选B。]
3．What can be inferred from the underlined part in paragraph 3?
A．The bears will have to stay hungry longer.
B．The bears will have to roam faster.
C．The bears will have to stay quieter on land.
D．The bears will have to face a faster fall of its population.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Already，the ice on the southern edge of...to hunt，eat and store up fat.”可推知，画线部分的意思是“北极熊将不得不在更长时间里处于饥饿状态”。故选A。]
4．Why do polar bears have to swim more often and farther?
A．To search for food.
B．To build up bodies to survive.
C．To find places to land on.
D．To escape being hunted.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Besides，a growing number of...and for longer distances，looking for ice sheets(冰原)．”可知，北极熊为了寻找可以登陆的地方要游得越来越远。故选C。]
Ⅳ.七选五
We’re told to buy environmentally friendly cars and change the old electrical items in our home.But what if you’re a teenager and not in control of such things？Worse—your parents have more important things to worry about than global warming (全球变暖)．__1__ But you’re completely wrong；there are many things you can do.
Take a shower instead of a bath.When taking a shower，don’t use too much time.Try to keep it below 10 minutes.__2__ Make it a kind of game，trying to beat your old “score”every time you take a shower.
__3__ For example，buy recyclable pens that could be filled with ink(油墨) rather than pens that get thrown away after being used.If you have papers，bottles or whatever，don’t throw them away.Instead，send them to the recycling company in your area.
Talk about pollution and global warming with your parents.__4__ They wouldn’t mind a few suggestions every now and again.So be patient and influence them gradually.Then you might find they will be interested in living a green life.
Haven’t got any ideas for your birthday presents？__5__ Recycled notebooks or solar－powered chargers...There are lots of useful and green things you can buy.And there will be an added warm feeling on your birthday.
A．Consider a green idea.
B．You don’t use so much energy.
C．Try buying things that could be recycled.
D．Don’t turn the heat all the way up，either.
E．You might think as a teen，you can’t do much to help.
F．Many adults don’t care about environmental protection.
G．Don’t push them to be greener because that may make them angry.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章简要介绍了青少年如何能够为保护环境出一份力。
1．E [结合上文的But what if you’re a teenager and not in control of such things？和本空后的内容可知，空格处填“作为一名青少年，你也许认为自己对保护环境起不了太大作用”符合语境。]
2．D [从本段的主题句可知，本段介绍的是如何淋浴更环保，上一句提到洗不到10分钟，故本句内容与另一个能节省能源的淋浴方法有关，故D项“也不要把热度一直提高”正确。]
3．C [根据本段中的buy recyclable pens和send them to the recycling company等表达可知，本段的主旨是建议我们购买可循环使用的物品。]
4．G [根据空后两句可知，空格处建议我们不要强迫父母变得环保，因为这可能会使他们生气。]
5．A [结合本段的首句和下文的Recycled notebooks or solar－powered chargers可知，空格处建议我们买生日礼物时可以考虑一些环保的想法。]
Ⅴ.语法填空
“Remember, your father is only one year 1.________ (old) than you.” That was Mum’s usual excuse when Dad said the wrong things or did something 2.________ (fool)．
Dad quitted drinking exactly one year before I was born.He joined a group of other people.He said they 3.________ (stop) drinking, too.I loved my dad 4.________ I hated the way his weekly meetings took him away 5.________ me.It seemed that they were more important to him than I was.But with my birthday coming up I thought Dad would make an 6.________ (except)．“Can’t you miss it just this time? Saturday is my birthday！” I begged him but 7.________ (refuse)．He said, “I am chairing the meeting this Saturday.We will have your party on Sunday.”
Saturday evening I sat on my bed, 8.________ (feel) sorry for myself.Dad started to leave, then paused and said, “Why not come with me together tonight? It’s an open meeting.All are welcome.” 9.________ would I do at a meeting? But maybe I needed to see why something Dad did every week mattered so much.
After we arrived, Dad announced the theme of the meeting was going to be grateful.He told his story about giving up smoking.Later, a man 10.________ (call) Dave also told his story.Only then did I know it was Dad that saved his life from drinking.Showing up week after week and meeting with people, Dad was changing lives.Shame washed over me.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。全文主要讲述了作者由对父亲每周参加会议非常不理解到最后自己感到羞愧的过程。
1．older [从空后的“than you”可知，这里要用形容词的比较级。]
2．foolish [foolish为形容词，在这里作定语，修饰something。]
3．had stopped [从句中stop的动作发生在主句中的said之前，因此本空用过去完成时。]
4．but [分析语境可知，空前后为转折关系，因此用but。]
5．from [此处表示他每周的会议把他从“我”身边带走，因此用from。take away from为固定搭配。]
6．exception [从空前的an可知，这里需要名词，因此用exception。]
7．was refused [I与refuse之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，再结合全文的时态可知，此空用一般过去时的被动语态。]
8．feeling [“feeling sorry for myself”为现在分词短语作伴随状语，修饰sat。]
9．What [What引导特殊疑问句，并在疑问句中作do的宾语。]
10．called [“called Dave”为过去分词短语作定语，修饰man。]
课件54张PPT。1．Discussion—What do the following two pictures describe? Have you ever dreamed of a journey there? Why?Section Ⅳ Lesson 3The two pictures describe Antarctic.I’ve dreamed of going there for a visit.Antarctic continent is the world’s latest discovery of the continent, alone at the southernmost tip of the Earth.Antarctic is known as the “white continent” with more than 95 percent of the area covered by thick ice and snow.Antarctic is surrounded by the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian Ocean, and because it is far from the other continents, completely cut off from the civilized world and the mainland, it has not yet permanent residents, only a small number of scientists living and working there temporarily.2．Prediction—Look at the pictures and the title of the text on Page 36 and predict what the text is probably about.The text is mainly about the exploration to Antarctic.Ⅰ.First reading—Skim the text for the main idea of each part.the South Polewon the raceThe return journeygreat courage2.Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.(1)Which of the following is a fact about the team of Captain Scott?
A．Captain Scott set out earlier than Roald Amundsen.
B．Captain Scott started on 1 June 1910 and marched non－stop till 17 January, 1912.
C．On their way back, they carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way with them.
D．The whole team died from hunger.答案 C(2)Which of the following can NOT be the cause of the failure of the race for Captain Scott?
A．They had to push the sledge themselves.
B．A storm broke out at a wrong time.
C．They spent time writing home instead of struggling.
D．The horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.答案 C(3)The story mainly tells us ________．
A．an experience of the race to the Pole
B．the lesson from Captain Scott
C．the way to the South Pole can be too hard
D．enough food will ensure us to go答案 A3．Third reading—Read the text carefully and fill in the form below.dogsrapid progressflagRacepushshockedtired/exhaustedexplorationfailedcourageDiscussion：
1．What lessons have you learned from the story？Give your reasons.The answer is open.2．Would you say that Scott and his team were losers？Why?The answer is open.世界七大洲1．Asia亚洲
2．Europe欧洲
3．Oceania大洋洲
4．Antarctica南极洲
5．Africa非洲
6．North America北美洲
7．South America南美洲巧解推理判断题
1．借助关键词进行推理判断此类推理判断题只需要寻找与题干有逻辑关系的关键词就可以推出正确答案。因此，解题时应认真阅读试题，弄清要求和回答问题的角度，结合原文看是否有关键词可以用来进行推理判断。2．借助关键句、段进行推理判断
此类试题的解答需要对较多信息进行阅读和推理，因此，解题时应认真阅读试题题干，回到原文找到与题目有逻辑关系的关键句、段，并借助其进行推理判断，看与哪一个备选项在意义与逻辑上吻合。
3．借助常识进行推理判断
此类推理判断题要求在读懂所涉及内容的每个句子的基础上，结合自己的生活常识进行推断。语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．She opened the door in front of her，and saw the captain of the airplane and the other officers.____________
2．Shanghai is the most important industrial base of China.____________n.机长n.基地Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义1．make progress____________
2．after a while__________________
3．prepare for the return journey________________
4．all the way __________________________
5．at one time______________取得进步不久；过一会儿准备回程一路上，远道，自始至终曾经，一度Ⅲ.句式欣赏1．but连接并列句；though引导让步状语从句。We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.2．过去分词短语作定语Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the great courage shown by Captain Scott and his men made them heroes.Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．Organizers are making final ____________(prepare) for the Olympic Games.
2．All the children remained ____________(cheer)during the journey.
3．One of his ____________ (抱负) is to study abroad.
4．I was born in a town that was quite ____________ (远的) from here.
5．The old woman was ____________(anxious) awaiting the return of her relatives.preparationscheerfulambitionsdistantanxiously6．This is the information on the space ____________(explore) from the past, present and future.
7．The study was ____________(以……为基础) on data from 2，100 women.
8．He almost persuaded me of his ____________ (honest)．
9．Tom can’t persuade himself of my ____________ (sincere)．
10．In the face of danger, they show great ____________ (brave)．explorationbasedhonestysinceritybraveryⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．The telephone system ________________(坏了) suddenly while he was calling his mother.
2．He ________________ (继续)the task left by his comrades.
3．I ________________(用完) all my money up to now.
4．Joe is training ________________(为……做准备) the next football match.
5．I paid a visit to one of my old friends ________________(在我回……的路上) Boston.
6．Are you ________________ (取得进步)in your study?broke downcarried onhave run out ofin preparation foron my way tomaking progress7．Steven Spielberg is one of the most famous directors ________________(在……的历史上) film.
8．I ____________________(在……方面有困难) communicating with foreigners.in the history ofhave some difficulty (in)Ⅰ.“词中词”法帮你记1．ant→distant 遥远的
2．star→starve 挨饿
3．have→behave 表现
4．arm→harm 伤害
5．plain→explain 解释
6．fright→frighten 吓唬
7．serve→deserve 值得
8．end→tend 趋向记单词Ⅱ.词缀法助记派生词1．形容词后缀：-ful
cheer(n.) →cheerful(adj.)
harm(n)→harmful(adj.)
2．名词后缀：-ation, -ty, -y
prepare(v.) →preparation(n.)
explore(v.)→exploration(n.)
honest(adj.)→honesty(n.)
sincere(adj.)→sincerity(n.)
brave(adj.)→bravery(n.)3．副词后缀：-ly
anxious(adj.) →anxiously(adv.)
curious(adj.)→curiously(adv.)Ⅲ.句式语境仿写1．Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。[仿写] 现在轮到你了。
Now __________________．2．He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在雪板上。
[仿写] 他让我们在午饭期间一直笑个不停。
He ________________________ during the lunchtime.comes your turnhad us laughing3．We are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.我们看上去都很愉快，但我能猜出大家心里的想法。
[仿写] 令民众担心的事是能否找到阻止污染的方法。
__________________________ is whether ways will be found to stop pollution.句型公式1．完全倒装语序
2．have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
3．what引导名词性从句What worries the public1．preparation n．预备，准备 prepare v．准备What preparations do they need to make? (教材P36)他们需要做什么准备？
[合作探究] 体会preparation及其相关词的用法和意义
They’ve sold their house and car in preparation for leaving the country.
他们卖掉了房子和汽车准备出国。
Mrs.White is busy making preparations for her daughter’s wedding.
怀特夫人正忙着为女儿的婚礼做准备。Mother is preparing us a meal.We may wash our hands and prepare for the meal.
妈妈正在给我们准备饭，我们可以洗手准备吃饭了。
[自主发现]
①____________ preparation for 准备……
②make ____________ for 为……作准备
③prepare for... 为……作准备[名师提醒](1)preparation用作不可数名词时表示“准备，预备”，常用于in preparation (for sth)短语中；
(2)用作可数名词时表示具体的“准备工作”，常与动词make连用，组成make preparations for。inpreparations[巩固内化] 完成句子/翻译句子
①________________ the 2020 Olympic Games, he trains hard every day.
为准备2020年奥运会，他每天都刻苦训练。
②He didn’t ________________________ this exam, so he failed.
他考试前没做任何准备，所以没及格。
③我们正为即将到来的考试作准备。
___________________________________________________________In preparation formake any preparation forWe are making preparations for/preparing for the coming exam.2．base n．基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基地 basic adj.基础的，基本的During the polar summer of 1910－1911, both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.(教材P36)
在1910—1911年的极地夏季，两队人都为下一年的探险做了食物储备。
[合作探究] 体会base的用法和意义
You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research.
你应该以审慎的研究为基础而下结论。
The movie A Smile Is Beautiful is based on/upon the popular novel of the same name.电影《微微一笑很倾城》是以同名人气小说为基础(改编)的。[自主发现]①base...____________把……置于……基础之上
②be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/翻译句子
①____________ (base) research is of great importance in all scientific fields.
②____________ (base) on a true story, the novel is popular soon.
③医患关系是以信任为基础的。(be based on)
______________________________________________on/uponBasicBasedThe doctor-patient relationship is based on trust.3．prove vt.证明；证实Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.(教材P37)
后来，这些岩石证明，在遥远的过去，南极洲大陆曾一度被植物覆盖。
[合作探究] 体会prove的用法和意义
The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.
困难在于他怎样向其他科学家证实他的想法。
They prove themselves (to be) wise and brave.他们证实自己机智勇敢。
He proved (to be) an honest man.后来证明他是一个诚实的人。
It is proved that this method is effective.据证明这种方法是行之有效的。[自主发现]①prove sth ____________ sb 向某人证明某事
②prove ____________ (to be) ... 证明自己是……
③prove (to be)＋n./adj. 原来是；证明是
④It is proved ____________... 据证明……tooneselfthat[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①She proved ____________ (her) to be an able secretary.
②By 1914 Einstein’s theory proved ____________ (be) correct.
③It has been proved again and again ____________ what is said in the ads greatly affects people’s impression of the products.
④Can you prove your theory ____________ us?herselfto bethattobreak down停止运转，出故障；(身体等)垮掉；失败；使分解First, his two sledges broke down, and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.(教材P36)
先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
break out 突然爆发
break up 粉碎；结束；解散
break through 获得重大发现；取得重大突破；冲出①Talks with business leaders broke down last night.
昨晚与商界领导人的谈判失败了。
②Everybody was alarmed at the news that war might break out.
听到战争可能爆发的消息人人感到恐慌。[巩固内化](1) 写出句中break down的含义
①Her health broke down under the pressure of work.____________
②I left London when my marriage broke down.____________
③The car broke down just north of Paris.____________
④Food is broken down in the stomach.____________垮掉失败出故障使分解(2)完成句子
⑤Angry people ________________ (冲过) the barriers despite of warnings from the police.
⑥Two world wars ________________ (爆发) in our planet so far.broke throughhave broken out1．Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(教材P36)接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。[句式解读] 该句为完全倒装语序，主语为the total darkness of the polar winter, 谓语为came。
[用法总结]
(1)表示地点的副词here, there, up, down, out, in, away；表示时间的副词now, then；表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，句子用完全倒装。
(2)完全倒装句中的谓语动词常是系动词be或come, go, lie, stand等不及物动词，且主语是名词。①Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
②In came the headmaster.校长进来了。
③Gone are the days when we were looked down upon.
我们被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。
④In the yard stands a tall tree.院子里有一棵大树。
[名师提醒]
(1)这种完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。
(2)谓语动词的单复数视后面主语的单复数而定。[巩固内化]用完全倒装结构完成下列句子
①At the foot of the mountain ________________ (住着一位老人)．
②Out ________________ (一条大狗冲了出来)．
③North of the village ________________ (卧着一条河)．lives an old manrushed a big doglies a river2．He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.(教材P36)他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在雪板上。
[句式解读] 本句使用了句型“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，其中have是使役动词，意为“使，叫，让”。
[用法总结] 该句型用法有以下几种：
(1)have sb/sth doing 让某人做某事(动作具有持续、进行含义)
(2)have sb do 让某人做某事
(3)have sth done 让/请别人做某事；遭受到①They tried to have her talking, but no use.他们想让她说话，但没用。
②She had planned to have her daughter marry Laurie.
她本打算让女儿嫁给劳里。
③As we left we had a photograph taken together.临走时，我们一起照相了。
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①He had his favorite Alsatian dog ____________(poison) and two other dogs in the household ____________(shoot)．
②She’ll have you ____________ (do) all the housework if you’re not careful.
③The rich lady had the singer ____________(eat) with her servants.poisonedshotdoingeat后缀有些英语单词由三部分组成，即：前缀，词根及后缀。单词中位于词根前面的部分就是前缀，位于词根后面的部分就是后缀。如：unacceptable中un是前缀，accept是词根，able是后缀。后缀词是指在一个词根的后面附加一个或几个字母构成的一个新词。如：snowy中y就是后缀。通常，后缀改变单词的词性，不改变词根的含义。[合作探究] 画出下列单词的后缀
1．Reader 读者 2.inventor发明家
3．Chinese 中国人 4.Indian 印度人
5．artist 艺术家 6.kindness 和蔼
7．operation 手术
[自主发现]
这些单词是在各自的词根后加了不同的____________，如-er, -or, -ese, -ian等。答案 1．er 2.or 3.ese 4.ian 5.ist 6.ness 7.tion后缀常见的后缀见下表：当我们的单词积累到一定词汇量的时候，通过前缀后缀的对比可以帮助我们理解记忆这些单词，比如通过构词法产生的新单词可以帮助背诵基本的单词，从而避免一些记了新单词而忘记老单词的情况。[巩固内化]1．画出下列单词的名词后缀
①teacher教师
②Japanese日本人
③musician音乐家
④artist艺术家答案 ①er ②ese ③ian ④ist2．画出下列单词的动词后缀
①widen加宽
②beautify美化答案 ①en ②fy3．画出下列单词的形容词后缀①American美国的
②careful细心的
③active有活力的答案 ①an ②ful ③ive4．画出下列单词的副词后缀①quickly迅速地
②angrily生气地答案 ①ly ②ly5．画出下列单词的数词后缀①thirteen十三
②fourth第四答案 ①teen ②th课件20张PPT。Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据汉语提示写出单词的适当形式1．The ____________(小册子) offers a wide choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes.
2．We ____________(观察) that it had turned cloudy.
3．After the big earthquake, the victims had to live in the temporary ____________ (庇护所)．Section Ⅴ The rest parts of the unit(P40～48)brochureobservedshelters6．No cigarette is completely ____________ (harm)．
7．The ____________ (disappear) of language is the loss of one of our wealth.
8．__________(余震) are smaller earthquakes which occur after a large earthquake.4．It is essential that your diet is ____________(各种各样的)and balanced.
5．The black tower is a ____________ (scare) place.variedscaryharmlessdisappearanceAftershocksⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．In all, I believe in my potentiality and ________________(坚持) my dream!
2．It’s important that you ________________(保持镇静) and in control of your temper.
3．The park ________________ (是……的家园)bears, wolves, and other wild animals.
4．This collection ________________ (由……构成)three parts：poems, essays and short stories.5．This film ________________ (以……为依据)a true story that had happened after the earthquake.hold on tostay calmis home tois made up ofwas based onⅢ.句式语境仿写1．Generally，the further south you go，the colder it will be.一般来说，你越往南走，天气就越冷。
[仿写] 运动员赛前训练得越刻苦，他/她获胜的可能性就越大。
The harder an athlete trains before a match，___________________________________.2．That leaves the wolves with nothing to eat，so they start attacking the farmers’ animals.狼没什么吃的了，所以它们开始攻击农夫的动物。[仿写] 随着科学技术的迅速发展，谁能预测到将来会有什么样的发明？
__________________________________________， who can predict what inventions there will be in the future?the more possible he/she will winWith science and technology developing rapidly1．“看”遍天下①observe观察
②notice注意到，留心
③watch观看，关注
④stare (at)凝视，盯着看
⑤glance (at)匆匆看一眼；瞥
⑥glare (at)怒视记单词2．合成词after＋shock→aftershock(n.)3．形容词后缀：-ed, -y, -lessvary (v.)→varied (adj.)
scare (v.)→scary (adj.)
harm (n.)→harmless (adj.)4．名词后缀：-ity, -anceoriginal (adj.)→originality (n.)
disappear (v.)→disappearance (n.)句型公式1．the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)
2．with的复合结构1．shelter n．避难所 v．躲避；为……提供避难的地方Find a shelter where you can stay.(教材P41)找一个你可以躲避的地方。
[合作探究] 体会shelter的用法和意义
We often (take) shelter from the rain in the doorway now.
现在，我们经常在那处门廊里避雨。
The wall sheltered us from the enemy’s gunfire.
这堵墙保护我们免遭敌人炮火的攻击。[自主发现] ①take shelter from＝shelter ____________ 躲避……
②shelter sb/sth from... 保护某人/某物以避免……
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①They found shelter ____________ the sun under a tree.
②We must find a place ____________ (shelter) from the downpour.
③The protecting wall can protect our houses from being flooded.
→The protecting wall can ____________________ being flooded.fromfromto sheltershelter our houses from2．observe vt.观察；注意 observation n．注意，观察Observe carefully before you move away.(教材P41)离开前仔细观察。
[合作探究] 体会observe的用法和意义
As a child, he liked to observe the behaviour of insects.
他小时候喜欢观察昆虫的习性。
I observed her walk away with a smile.我看到她微笑着走开了。
She observed a man walking on the opposite side of the way.
她看见一个人在路那边走着。
They were observed to enter the bank.有人注意到他们进了银行。[自主发现]①observe sb do sth 看到某人做了某事
②observe sb doing sth 看到某人____________某事
[名师提醒] observe表示“观察；注意到”时，为感官动词，这时后跟不定式作宾补要省略to，但用被动语态时却不省略to。
[巩固内化]
(1)用go的适当形式填空
①They observed him ____________ upstairs.
②He was not observed ____________ to the store.正在做goto go(2)完成句子
③I seemed not to observe ____________．
我似乎没有注意到他在读书。
④I observed a bird ____________________________ happily.
我看到一只鸟欢快地飞出了笼子。
⑤They were observed _____________________．
他们被看到上了车。him readingfly out of the cageto get into the car3．be home to (＝be the home of)是……的产地/栖息地/发源地New Zealand is home to 4.7 million people, 31 million sheep and 10 million cows.(教材P43)
新西兰是470万人民，3 100万绵羊和1 000万奶牛的家园。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
at home and abroad 国内外
feel at home 感觉舒适，不拘束
make oneself at home 别客气，别拘束①Changbaishan is home to a great diversity of plants and animals.
长白山是多种多样动植物的生长地。
②Make yourself at home when you are at my home.
在我家里不要拘束。
③Newspapers both at home and abroad ignored the incident.
国内外报纸都不理会这一事件。[巩固内化] 完成句子/同义句转换
①They ________________ with each other.
他俩之间熟不拘礼。
②Sit down please and ________________________.
请坐，别拘束。
③China is the home of football.
→China ________________ fooball.feel at homemake yourself at homeis home to4．That leaves the wolves with nothing to eat，so they start attacking the farmers’ animals.(教材P45)狼没什么吃的了，所以它们开始攻击农夫的动物。
[句式解读] 本句中with nothing to eat是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”组成的with复合结构，在句中作宾语补足语。with复合结构还常充当状语，表示行为方式、伴随情况、时间、原因或条件。①With all the things bought, she went home happily.
买了所有东西后，她高兴地回家了。
②With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories.
美丽的月亮高挂在天空，我们坐在一块吃月饼、吃水果并且分享我们的故事。③With several problems remaining to be solved, we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible.
有一些问题尚待解决，因此我们还需尽快再召开一次会议。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①All the afternoon he worked with the door ____________ (lock)．
②She felt nervous with the whole class ____________ (stare) at her.
③He lay in bed with his head ____________ (cover)．
④With so many problems ____________ (settle), he won’t be able to spare time for a holiday.lockedstaringcoveredto settle⑤He was lying on the bed with ____________________.
他和衣躺在床上。
⑥She said goodbye with tears _______________.
她含着眼泪说了声再见。all his clothes onin her eyesSection Ⅴ The rest parts of the unit(P40～48)
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据汉语提示写出单词的适当形式
1．The brochure(小册子) offers a wide choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes.
2．We observed(观察) that it had turned cloudy.
3．After the big earthquake, the victims had to live in the temporary shelters (庇护所)．
4．It is essential that your diet is varied(各种各样的)and balanced.
5．The black tower is a scary (scare) place.
6．No cigarette is completely harmless (harm)．
7．The disappearance (disappear) of language is the loss of one of our wealth.
8．Aftershocks(余震) are smaller earthquakes which occur after a large earthquake.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．In all, I believe in my potentiality and hold__on__to(坚持) my dream!
2．It’s important that you stay__calm(保持镇静) and in control of your temper.
3．The park is__home__to (是……的家园)bears, wolves, and other wild animals.
4．This collection is__made__up__of (由……构成)three parts：poems, essays and short stories.
5．This film was__based__on (以……为依据)a true story that had happened after the earthquake.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．Generally，the further south you go，the colder it will be.
一般来说，你越往南走，天气就越冷。
[仿写] 运动员赛前训练得越刻苦，他/她获胜的可能性就越大。
The harder an athlete trains before a match，the__more__possible__he/she__will__win．
2．That leaves the wolves with nothing to eat，so they start attacking the farmers’ animals.
狼没什么吃的了，所以它们开始攻击农夫的动物。
[仿写] 随着科学技术的迅速发展，谁能预测到将来会有什么样的发明？
With__science__and__technology__developing__rapidly,__who can predict what inventions there will be in the future?
记单词
1．“看”遍天下
①observe观察
②notice注意到，留心
③watch观看，关注
④stare (at)凝视，盯着看
⑤glance (at)匆匆看一眼；瞥
⑥glare (at)怒视
2．合成词
after＋shock→aftershock(n.)
3．形容词后缀：－ed, －y, －less
vary (v.)→varied (adj.)
scare (v.)→scary (adj.)
harm (n.)→harmless (adj.)
4．名词后缀：－ity, －ance
original (adj.)→originality (n.)
disappear (v.)→disappearance (n.)
句型公式
1．the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)
2．with的复合结构
1．shelter n．避难所 v．躲避；为……提供避难的地方
Find a shelter where you can stay.(教材P41)找一个你可以躲避的地方。
[合作探究] 体会shelter的用法和意义
We often (take) shelter from the rain in the doorway now.
现在，我们经常在那处门廊里避雨。
The wall sheltered us from the enemy’s gunfire.
这堵墙保护我们免遭敌人炮火的攻击。
[自主发现]
①take shelter from＝shelter from 躲避……
②shelter sb/sth from... 保护某人/某物以避免……
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①They found shelter from the sun under a tree.
②We must find a place to__shelter (shelter) from the downpour.
③The protecting wall can protect our houses from being flooded.
→The protecting wall can shelter__our__houses__from being flooded.
2．observe vt.观察；注意 observation n．注意，观察
Observe carefully before you move away.(教材P41)离开前仔细观察。
[合作探究] 体会observe的用法和意义
As a child, he liked to observe the behaviour of insects.
他小时候喜欢观察昆虫的习性。
I observed her walk away with a smile.我看到她微笑着走开了。
She observed a man walking on the opposite side of the way.
她看见一个人在路那边走着。
They were observed to enter the bank.有人注意到他们进了银行。
[自主发现]
①observe sb do sth 看到某人做了某事
②observe sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
[名师提醒] observe表示“观察；注意到”时，为感官动词，这时后跟不定式作宾补要省略to，但用被动语态时却不省略to。
[巩固内化]
(1)用go的适当形式填空
①They observed him go upstairs.
②He was not observed to__go to the store.
(2)完成句子
③I seemed not to observe him__reading．
我似乎没有注意到他在读书。
④I observed a bird fly__out__of__the__cage happily.
我看到一只鸟欢快地飞出了笼子。
⑤They were observed to__get__into__the__car．
他们被看到上了车。
3．be home to (＝be the home of)是……的产地/栖息地/发源地
New Zealand is home to 4.7 million people, 31 million sheep and 10 million cows.(教材P43)
新西兰是470万人民，3 100万绵羊和1 000万奶牛的家园。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
at home and abroad 国内外
feel at home 感觉舒适，不拘束
make oneself at home 别客气，别拘束
①Changbaishan is home to a great diversity of plants and animals.
长白山是多种多样动植物的生长地。
②Make yourself at home when you are at my home.在我家里不要拘束。
③Newspapers both at home and abroad ignored the incident.
国内外报纸都不理会这一事件。
[巩固内化]
完成句子/同义句转换
①They feel__at__home with each other.
他俩之间熟不拘礼。
②Sit down please and make__yourself__at__home．
请坐，别拘束。
③China is the home of football.
→China is__home__to fooball.
4．That leaves the wolves with nothing to eat，so they start attacking the farmers’ animals.(教材P45)
狼没什么吃的了，所以它们开始攻击农夫的动物。
[句式解读] 本句中with nothing to eat是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”组成的with复合结构，在句中作宾语补足语。with复合结构还常充当状语，表示行为方式、伴随情况、时间、原因或条件。
[用法总结]
with＋宾语＋
①With all the things bought, she went home happily.
买了所有东西后，她高兴地回家了。
②With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories.
美丽的月亮高挂在天空，我们坐在一块吃月饼、吃水果并且分享我们的故事。
③With several problems remaining to be solved, we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible.
有一些问题尚待解决，因此我们还需尽快再召开一次会议。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①All the afternoon he worked with the door locked (lock)．
②She felt nervous with the whole class staring (stare) at her.
③He lay in bed with his head covered (cover)．
④With so many problems to__settle (settle), he won’t be able to spare time for a holiday.
⑤He was lying on the bed with all__his__clothes__on．
他和衣躺在床上。
⑥She said goodbye with tears in__her__eyes．她含着眼泪说了声再见。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Rescuers built shelters(避难所) for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
2．He observed(观察) a stranger hanging around the store.
3．I went to the travel agent’s and got many brochures(宣传册)．
4．He hit his head against a metal (金属)bar.
5．The design for the building shows a great deal of originality(独创性)．
6．Other scientists are debating his theory about the disappearance(消失)of dinosaurs.
7．Grandpa told me a scary(恐怖的)ghost story.
8. Outdoor activities are varied(各种各样的)and attactive in the U．S.A.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The mother observed her son doing (do) his homework and felt cheerful.
2．People were desperately seeking shelter from the gunfire.
3．The woman was observed to__follow(follow) him closely.
4．The island which is small is home __to many animals.
5．As long as a will is set, hold on __to it and habits can be changed.
6．The study group is made up of the best students in the class.
7．The more I think about it, the __worse__(bad)I feel.
8．With so much work to__do(do), I shall not be able to go to the cinema with you.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Everybody hates rats(big mice)．But in the earthquake capitals of the world—Japan，Los Angeles，Turkey—rats will soon be man’s best friends.
What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs.Why? Because they can smell people.Dogs save lives.They help rescuers to find living people.But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces.So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives：the rat.
How does it work? First，the rat is trained to smell people.When this happens，the rat’s brain gives a signal(信号)．This is sent to a small radio on its back，and then the rescuers follow the radio signal.When the rat’s brain activity jumps，the rescuers know that someone is alive.The rat has smelled that person.
Although there are already robots which can do this job，rats are better.Christian Linster at Cornell University，New York，says，“Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around.Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark.They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs，and unlike robots，they don’t need electricity!
The “rat project” is not finished，but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Organization in Scotland says，“It would be wonderful.A rat can get into spaces we can’t get to，and a rat will get out if it isn’t safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history，people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake，of course)．
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了一个研究项目——利用老鼠来搜寻地震中的被困人员。
1．In the world earthquake capitals，rats will become man’s best friends because they can ________．
A．take the place of man’s rescue jobs
B．find the position of living people who are trapped in buildings
C．serve as food for living people who are trapped in buildings
D．get into small spaces
答案 B [推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，人们利用老鼠来搜寻地震后被困的生还人员，因此答案为B项。]
2．From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person who is alive by ________．
A．the noise made by the rat
B．the rat’s unusual behavior
C．the signal sent by the radio on the rat’s back
D．the smell given off by the person
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When this happens...and then the rescuers follow the radio signal.”可知答案为C项。]
3．Rats have all the following advantages EXCEPT that ________．
A．they are more lovely than other animals
B．they are less expensive to train than dogs
C．they don’t need electricity
D．they are small and can get into small places
答案 A [细节理解题。文章第一句提到“Everybody hates rats(big mice)．”，由此可知，人们并不喜欢老鼠。由文章最后两段内容可知，B、C、D三项均为老鼠的优势。故选A。]
4．After reading the passage we know ________．
A．at present rats have taken the place of dogs in searching for people
B．the “rat project” has been completed
C．people are now happy to see a rat in a building
D．now people still use dogs and robots in performing rescues
答案 D [推理判断题。由最后一段中的“The ‘rat project’ is not finished...”可知A、B两项错误；由文章最后一句可排除C项。根据第四段的介绍可知，人们仍在使用狗和机器人进行救援工作。故选D。]
Ⅳ.完形填空
In 1909，when Tatiana was just 11 years old，her parents and older brother traveled to the United States.Because the family was __1__ and could not afford to buy her a ticket，she had to __2__ in Russia.She lived with her uncle for almost a year in a small house before the __3__ arrived from her father.“Dear Tatiana，”he wrote，“We __4__ made enough money to pay for your __5__．We are expecting you to __6__ us in New York.”
A week later，Tatiana’s uncle __7__ her a ticket for a steamship to America.She said goodbye to her uncle.Although she was __8__ and missed her family，Tatiana quickly made friends with the other children on the ship.Together they __9__ games that could be played on the ship.
The next day，as Tatiana was walking along the deck (甲板)，she heard some of the passengers __10__ about the Statue of Liberty (自由女神像)．She didn’t __11__ their conversation because she __12__ that liberty was an idea.No one could __13__ or touch it, so how could you make a statue of liberty？When she asked her friend’s father, he __14__ that the statue looked like a woman，but it stood for freedom.It just made Tatiana more __15__ the statue.
One morning，Tatiana woke up to the sound of wild __16__．She ran upstairs and found all the __17__ were on the deck.The shouts were really cries of __18__ because the ship had finally reached the United States.When Tatiana __19__ that she would soon see her family again，she joined in with __20__ of her own.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。讲述了Tatiana乘轮船到美国的经历。
1．A.large B．poor
C．unlucky D．busy
答案 B [由could not afford to buy her a ticket可知，Tatiana家很穷。]
2．A.work B．suffer
C．remain D．settle
答案 C [根据could not afford to buy her a ticket和She lived with her uncle for almost a year in a small house可知，家人都去了美国，Tatiana留在了俄国。]
3．A.letter B．phone
C．book D．warning
答案 A [从“Dear Tatiana，” he wrote可知，Tatiana的父亲给她写了一封信。]
4．A.first B．truly
C．finally D．only
答案 C [由上文Tatiana因为家里没钱被留在俄国可知，她父亲在信中说他们最终挣了足够的钱。]
5．A.holiday B．house
C．education D．ticket
答案 D [根据下文可知，父亲在信中说他们终于赚够了给Tatiana买票的钱。]
6．A.join B．welcome
C．please D．find
答案 A [父母和哥哥在期待着Tatiana加入他们。]
7．A.chose B．bought
C．mailed D．saved
答案 B [根据下文内容可知，叔叔为Tatiana买了一张船票。]
8．A.careful B．weak
C．lonely D．sad
答案 C [由上文her parents and older brother traveled to the United States和She said goodbye to her uncle可知，Tatiana是孤身一人在船上。]
9．A.won B．needed
C．expected D．invented
答案 D [根据空后that could be played on the ship可知，他们发明出了能在船上玩的游戏。]
10．A.singing B．talking
C．debating D．asking
答案 B [根据their conversation可知，Tatiana听到一些乘客在谈论自由女神像。]
11．A.stop B．like
C．understand D．turn
答案 C [根据When she asked her friend’s father可知，Tatiana不理解他们的谈话。]
12．A.knew B．agreed
C．promised D．felt
答案 A [由下一句和Tatiana问朋友的父亲可知，Tatiana知道自由是一种思想。]
13．A.see B．get
C．leave D．share
答案 A [由上句liberty was an idea可知，自由是一种思想，看不到，也摸不到，怎么能制造出来呢？ ]
14．A.remembered B．hoped
C．proved D．explained
答案 D [由When she asked her friend’s father可知，朋友的父亲给Tatiana做出了解释。]
15．A.proud of B．interested in
C．satisfied with D．fond of
答案 B [根据下文内容可知，朋友父亲的这一番解释使得Tatiana对这个雕像更感兴趣了。]
16．A.laughing B．knocking
C．shouting D．beating
答案 C [由下文The shouts可知，一天早上，Tatiana在疯狂呼喊声中惊醒。]
17．A.friends B．farmers
C．fathers D．passengers
答案 D [Tatiana在船上，所以当她跑上楼后，发现所有的乘客都在甲板上。]
18．A.excitement B．anger
C．surprise D．fear
答案 A [船终于到达了美国，所以乘客们因为激动而大喊。]
19．A.showed B．admitted
C．reported D．realized
答案 D [船到美国了，Tatiana意识到自己很快就要见到家人了。]
20．A.smiles B．cries
C．replies D．questions
答案 B [Tatiana意识到自己很快就要见到家人，她也激动地大喊起来。]
Section Ⅵ Writing——宣传手册
本单元的写作任务是写一个宣传手册。宣传手册是为了某一特定需要，通过一定形式向公众传递信息的手段，是说明文的一种。
Ⅰ.Pre－writing
(Ⅰ)Learn to write after the model
How to Survive an Earthquake
If you’re indoors：
·Don’t run, but protect yourself.Don’t try to run out of the building during an earthquake.The most important thing is to protect yourself as much as you can.
·Drop, cover and hold on.DROP down onto your hands and knees.COVER your head and neck with your hands, arms or hard objects.If possible, find a strong shelter nearby which will cover your whole body.HOLD ON to your shelter until the shaking stops.
·Find the triangle of life.Sit on the floor next to a sturdy piece of furniture so that if a wall falls down, it will create a space for you to survive.
If you’re outdoors：
·Move away from anything that can fall.Move to open areas.Buildings, trees, streetlights and power lines can all fall down during an earthquake.
·Find a shelter where you can stay.If you are near objects that can fall, find a shelter to protect yourself from them.
·Wait a moment before moving to any other place.Objects may also fall after a quake and there are always strong aftershocks.Observe carefully before you move away.
If you’re in a car：
·Stop.Stop your car as quickly as you can, but avoid stopping near a building or under a tree.
·Stay seated.Stay calm in your car.The car’s metal body can protect you from falling objects.
·Drive away carefully when the quake stops.Avoid bridges that have been damaged or may be damaged by aftershocks.
篇章结构
The first part：What you should do if you’re indoors.
The second part：What you should do if you’re outdoors.
The third part：What you should do if you’re in a car.
(Ⅱ)Preparation for writing—Words and phrases
①welcome v．欢迎
②adventure n. 冒险
③be__located__in/lie__in... 位于……
④cover v. 覆盖
⑤activity__ n. 活动
⑥experience v. 体验
⑦accommodation n. 住宿
⑧make__preparations__for 为……做准备
⑨further__information 更多信息
⑩__tourist__attraction__ 旅游景点
Ⅱ.While－writing
一家远足营地(Adventure Hiking)准备组织一次冒险远足旅行，并希望在互联网上进行宣传。请你用英语为其写一篇宣传稿。主要内容应包括：
1．本次远足活动是为喜欢冒险和远足的人士组织的一次活动；
2．远足要穿过一个大沙漠以考验参加者的体力和耐力；
3．远足将体验激烈的漂流活动；
4．远足将爬一座最大海拔高度为5 000米的高山，并可能遇到一些野生动物；
5．远足组织者将提供良好的住宿并要求参加者携带轻而有用的行李；
6．欲参加者请致电0450－8899432或e－mail至www.adventurehiking.com.AH。
注意：词数100左右。
Step 1 List the outline of the passage.
首段：首先对远足营地进行宣传；
中段：然后对活动内容和注意事项进行详细描述；
尾段：再次宣传远足营地并给出具体的联系方式。
Step 2 List the words，phrases and sentences.
1．Words and phrases
①go__hiking 去远足
②optional__activities 可供选择的活动
③strength n. 体力
④with__a__maximum__altitude__of 最大海拔高度为
⑤survival__skills 生存技巧
⑥organization n. 组织
⑦accommodation n. 住宿
⑧patience n. 耐力
2．Sentences
①你们将体验令人兴奋的水上漂流，你们将获得你们从未有过的经历。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
Experience__the__exciting__white－water__rafting__and__you’ll__gain__the__experience__you__have__never__got.
②营地提供良好的食宿，你们不用担心远足后休息的地方。(so连接的并列句)
Have__good__accommodation__at__our__camp__so__don’t__be__anxious__about__your__rest__place__after__the__hiking.
Step 3 Draft the article by using the following words and phrases.
during the hiking，and，last but not least，or
Adventure Hiking
If you like both going hiking and adventure，Adventure Hiking is the organization for you.During the hiking，we’ll have the following optional activities for you.
Walk through a big desert to test your strength and patience.Experience the exciting white－water rafting and you’ll gain the experience you have never got.Climb a high mountain with a maximum altitude of 5，000 metres and perhaps you’ll meet some wild animals.Have good accommodation at our camp so don’t be anxious about your rest place after the hiking.Last but not least，take your own luggage with you.The things in it should be useful and light.
You’ll have much fun and learn survival skills during the adventure hiking.Call us today on 0450－8899432 or e－mail us at www.adventurehiking.com.AH.
Ⅲ.Post－writing—polishing the passage
Exchange your passage with your partner, and pay attention to the following points.
□1.Is the structure of the passage appropriate?
□2.Are there any spelling mistakes?
□3.Are there any grammatical mistakes like the tenses(时态)?
□4.Does the brochure include all the main contents?
□5.Is simple and informal English correctly used?
亮点表达
1．This kind of computer is of good quality.
2．All the common families can afford to buy one.It controls mostly by itself，so it is very easy to operate.
3．It is convenient to carry，for it is small and light.
4．Once you have one of this kind，you’ll enjoy it very much.
5．There are many kinds of food served in the restaurant，which are very delicious.
6．At the same time，all the food looks nice and smells good.
7．What’s more，the prices of them are very reasonable.
8．The owner as well as the waiters is very friendly and kind，and they will make you feel at home.
句式欣赏
I like Spring Festival, because Spring Festival is a family reunion festival.我喜欢春节，因为春节是个亲人团聚的节日。
People can not only enjoy the full table of food, but also enjoy the happy atmosphere.人们既能享受满桌的佳肴盛馔，也能享受那份快乐的气氛。
Breakfast is not a big meal, just a few home－cooked dishes, a few bowls of ordinary soup, but one is very special, that is the moon cake that symbolizes reunion.
早饭并不丰盛，只是几个家常菜，几碗普通的汤，但有一个很特别，那就是象征团圆的月饼。
This year’s New Year’s Day is full of festival joy and the pride of youth.
今年的元旦充满了节日的快乐和青春的自豪。
写作技巧
高级句型才给力
首先，给出一句简洁、清楚又切中主题的话，以便在第一时间引起读者的兴趣。
然后，给出被宣传事物大致的、最主要的信息。比如，找工作要推荐自己、宣传自己，写作中可以简要介绍自己的学历和曾有的工作经历。
接下来，叙述被宣传事物的主要特点。还以申请工作为例，在这里可以介绍自己有什么技能和特长。
最后，要强调一下被宣传事物与其他同类事物的独特之处。仍以找工作为例，可以宣传个人异于其他人的强项，比如，会说流利的英语，有丰富的工作经验等。这样，一篇目的明确、内容清晰、结构紧凑、层次分明的宣传手册就成型了。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The teacher often comments(评论)on/upon how different the two boys are.
2．We are conducting (进行)a survey of consumer attitudes towards organic food.
3．He was crossing the street when a man was driving fast towards him and he narrowly escaped(逃脱) being killed.
4．It’s generally acknowledged that education shouldn’t be measured (衡量) only by examination results.
5．They were so frightened (害怕)that they had the light burning all night.
6．Little joy can equal(等于；抵得上)that of a surprising ending when you read stories.
7．A number of trapped people waited to be rescued(营救)．
8．Do not attempt (试图) to achieve everything at once.
Ⅱ.选词填空
carry on, break down, be adapted from, pick up, run out, be covered with, in preparation for, on one’s way to
1．At one time half the land on the Earth’s surface was__covered__with forest.
2．The film __is__adapted__from a play of the same title.
3．I’m going to __pick__up food and drink for Saturday’s picnic.
4．They carried__on in spite of the difficult conditions.
5．We were driving half when the car broke__down．
6．Conditions are getting worse and supplies are __running__out．
7．In__preparation__for the discussion, I reviewed the lesson we learned last week.
8．I passed through Nanjing on__my__way__to Shanghai, but I didn’t stop over.
Ⅲ.语法练习
一、用所给词的正确形式填空
1．As graduation day drew near, the students were all anxiously(anxious) preparing for their final exams.
2．If you want to be an explorer(explore), you must be adventurous.
3．People have become indifferent to the __suffering(suffer) of others.
4．During our observation(observe) of the rats, we made several new discoveries.
5．He’s changed since he came back — he seems positively cheerful(cheer)．
6．Liza was so frightened(frighten) that she couldn’t make a sound.
二、完成句子
1．He helped me to find the building where__our__head__teacher__lived．
他帮我找到了我们班主任居住的大楼。
2．He decided to go to America，where__he__had__a__big__company．
他决定到美国去，在那里他有一家大公司。
3．He came at the time when__I__didn’t__want__to__see__him__at__all．
他在我根本不想见他的时候来了。
4．Do you still remember the year when__we__met__at__a__party__for__the__first__time?
你还记得我们第一次在晚会上相遇的那一年吗？
5．Do you know the reason __why__he__was__late?
你知道他迟到的原因吗？
6．I don’t know why__he__was__so__rude．
我不知道他为什么这么无礼。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Far from the land of Antarctica (南极洲)，a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean.At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish，the Antarctic cod(鳕鱼)．
For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish.How does it live where most fish would freeze to death？It must have some secret.The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and the research has been slowed.Now it seems we have an answer.
Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish.Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point.
The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of －1.88 ℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it.The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to －2.05 ℃.That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice－salt mixture.
The scientists’ next research job was clear：Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing.Their search led to some really strange things made up of a protein(蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish.When it was removed，the blood froze at seawater temperature.When it was put back，the blood again had its anti－freeze quality and a lowered freezing point.
Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein.It has many small sugar molecules(分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule.Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein．So it has come to be called the anti－freeze fish glycoprotein or AFGP.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了科学家对于南极洲的一种小鱼能够在如此寒冷的情况下还能生存的原因进行了剖析。得出的结论是这种鱼的血液里存在一种特殊的蛋白质。
1．What is the text mainly about?
A．The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.
B．A special fish living in freezing waters.
C．The ice shelf around Antarctica.
D．Protection of the Antarctic cod.
答案 B [主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了对一种能够生活在南极冰冷的海水中的鱼的研究，因此B项最能概括文章的中心意思。]
2．Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?
A．The seawater has a temperature of －1.88 ℃.
B．It loves to live in the ice－salt mixture.
C．A special protein keeps it from freezing.
D．Its blood has a temperature lower than －2.05 ℃.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据文中第五段的说明可以知道：一种特殊的蛋白质使得这种鱼在南极海水中生活而不至于被冰冻。]
3．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A．A type of ice－salt mixture.
B．A newly found protein.
C．Fish blood.
D．Sugar molecule.
答案 B [代词指代题。根据文中第五段的叙述可以判断出该物质就是帮助这种鱼生活在南极海水中的神奇的蛋白质。]
4．What does “glyco－” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Sugar. B．Ice.
C．Blood. D．Molecule.
答案 A [词义猜测题。根据最后一段第三句“Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein.”可以推断出前缀“glyco－”应该和sugar有关。]
B
Our society is changing.Perhaps because many families no longer live so close to us，or perhaps because busy lifestyles make us unable to build close socials and connections，it seems that our pet dogs have begun to fill the emotional voids(情感空洞) that modern life has left in our family and personal relationships.A new survey done by Rover shows how our pet dogs have become connected with our social and family lives.And the findings are interesting.
To begin with，94% of the dog owners report that their dogs are part of the family.56% of them admit that when they come home，they say hello to their dog before they greet any other member of the family.47% admit that they find it emotionally more difficult to leave their dog for a week than to leave their human partner.
The emotional connection with a pet dog shows up not just in people’s expressed emotions，but also in their actions.65% of the dog owners say that they take more photos of their dogs than of their friends or families.and 56% say that they celebrate their dogs’ birthday.
Besides，69% of the dog owners believe that owning a dog has increased their physical activity in their free time.I certainly believe that I would not get half as much exercise if it were not for my dogs.
To some degree，I saw the results of this survey proved just a couple of days ago.ATV news reporter was interviewing a family who had been rescued from flooding (洪水) conditions not far from Montreal.The man said，“We lost the house，but at least our family was saved.”His wife added，“Our whole family is safe—both of us, our three kids，and both dogs！”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。研究发现，宠物狗从多方面与其主人的生活联系密切，宠物狗在人的生活中起着重要的作用。
5．According to the survey，most dog owners ________．
A．seldom make new friends
B．want to live with their dogs forever
C．think dogs can understand them better
D．regard their dogs as their family members
答案 D [细节理解题。通读第二段尤其是第一句可知，大多数狗主人把自己家的宠物狗当作家庭成员看待。]
6．What’s the advantage to dog owners by raising dogs according to paragraph 4?
A．It makes their life more interesting.
B．It does good to their physical health.
C．It increases their social connections.
D．It makes them have a good attitude to life.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据第四段的．..increased their physical activity...可以推知，养狗对狗主人的身体健康有好处。]
7．How does the author support the results of the survey in the last paragraph?
A．By giving a real－life example.
B．By interviewing some dog owners.
C．By telling his personal experience.
D．By showing how a family raises a dog.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者举了一个现实生活中的例子来支持该研究的结果。]
8．What’s the best title of the text?
A．How to raise dogs in cities.
B．Why more people raise pet dogs.
C．How important your dog is in your life.
D．Why people fail to build close connections.
答案 C [主旨大意题。通读文章尤其是首段的A new survey done by Rover shows how our pet dogs have become connected with our social and family lives可知，本文通过介绍一项研究的结果说明了狗在人们生活中是何等重要。]
Ⅴ.七选五
First rains of the season always make everybody happy.However，as it begins to rain often，you will possibly feel bored.__1__ Well，you can do many fun things，which will make the day a truly enjoyable one.
__2__ Take a little time out for yourself.Then take a long walk and watch everything.You can walk in your neighborhood or even take the subway and discover new places in the town.If you like taking pictures，take your camera along with you to catch beautiful moments.
Host a rain dance party！__3__ It can also be in your backyard.Make sure that the dance floor is hard and even to avoid accidents.Place the stereo (立体声音响) under the roof in case it gets wet.Call your friends and enjoy the party!
Watch and listen to nature.For example，you can take your bike and ride in a green hilly area.__4__ If you can’t go outside your house，sit in the balcony(阳台) with a cup of tea and listen to the sound of water falling on different objects.
There are many things to do on a rainy day.But make sure you take a rain jacket or an umbrella while going out in the rains.__5__ When it comes to preventing you catching a cold in the rains, you can eat a lot of vitamin C, and take a bath once you come back home.
A．Take a walk by yourself.
B．You can stop to buy an ice cream.
C．So how can you have fun on such a rainy day?
D．You can sit on the top of a hill and enjoy the view.
E．You won’t get completely wet and then catch a cold.
F．Have some coffee outside and enjoy the conversation.
G．The dance floor can be near your home’s swimming pool.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了如何开心地度过雨季。
1．C [该空前说下雨天你会觉得很烦恼，所以如何开心地度过雨天呢？其实你可以做许多开心的事，由此可知C项正确。]
2．A [该空为该段的主题句，根据该空后的Take a little time out for yourself以及下文多次提到的walk可知，选项A正确。]
3．G [根据空后It can also be in your backyard.Make sure that the dance floor is...可知，It 指代的是the dance floor，G项中提到The dance floor，所以应选G项。]
4．D [根据该段的主题句Watch and listen to nature和空前的For example, you can take your bike and ride in a green hilly area可知，D项正确。虽然B项也是以You can开头，但是与本段的主题句“赏雨和听雨”不一致。]
5．E [外出的时候记得要带雨衣或雨伞，否则会淋湿感冒，由此可知E项符合语境。]
课件17张PPT。本单元的写作任务是写一个宣传手册。宣传手册是为了某一特定需要，通过一定形式向公众传递信息的手段，是说明文的一种。
Ⅰ.Pre-writing
(Ⅰ)Learn to write after the model
How to Survive an Earthquake
If you’re indoors：Section Ⅵ Writing——宣传手册·Don’t run, but protect yourself.Don’t try to run out of the building during an earthquake.The most important thing is to protect yourself as much as you can.
·Drop, cover and hold on.DROP down onto your hands and knees.COVER your head and neck with your hands, arms or hard objects.If possible, find a strong shelter nearby which will cover your whole body.HOLD ON to your shelter until the shaking stops.
·Find the triangle of life.Sit on the floor next to a sturdy piece of furniture so that if a wall falls down, it will create a space for you to survive.If you’re outdoors：
·Move away from anything that can fall.Move to open areas.Buildings, trees, streetlights and power lines can all fall down during an earthquake.
·Find a shelter where you can stay.If you are near objects that can fall, find a shelter to protect yourself from them.
·Wait a moment before moving to any other place.Objects may also fall after a quake and there are always strong aftershocks.Observe carefully before you move away.If you’re in a car：
·Stop.Stop your car as quickly as you can, but avoid stopping near a building or under a tree.
·Stay seated.Stay calm in your car.The car’s metal body can protect you from falling objects.
·Drive away carefully when the quake stops.Avoid bridges that have been damaged or may be damaged by aftershocks.篇章结构
The first part：What you should do if you’re indoors.
The second part：What you should do if you’re outdoors.
The third part：What you should do if you’re in a car.(Ⅱ)Preparation for writing—Words and phrases①________________ v．欢迎
②________________ n. 冒险
③__________________ 位于……
④________________ v. 覆盖
⑤________________ n. 活动
⑥________________ v. 体验
⑦________________ n. 住宿
⑧__________________ 为……做准备
⑨________________ 更多信息
⑩__________________ 旅游景点welcomeadventurebe located in/lie in...coveractivityexperienceaccommodationmake preparations forfurther information tourist attractionⅡ.While-writing一家远足营地(Adventure Hiking)准备组织一次冒险远足旅行，并希望在互联网上进行宣传。请你用英语为其写一篇宣传稿。主要内容应包括：
1．本次远足活动是为喜欢冒险和远足的人士组织的一次活动；
2．远足要穿过一个大沙漠以考验参加者的体力和耐力；
3．远足将体验激烈的漂流活动；
4．远足将爬一座最大海拔高度为5 000米的高山，并可能遇到一些野生动物；5．远足组织者将提供良好的住宿并要求参加者携带轻而有用的行李；
6．欲参加者请致电0450-8899432或e-mail至www.adventurehiking.com.AH。
注意：词数100左右。Step 1 List the outline of the passage.
首段：_______________________________________________________________；
中段：__________________________________________________________________；
尾段：_________________________________________________________________。首先对远足营地进行宣传然后对活动内容和注意事项进行详细描述再次宣传远足营地并给出具体的联系方式Step 2 List the words，phrases and sentences.
1．Words and phrases①________________ 去远足
②________________ 可供选择的活动
③________________ n. 体力
④__________________________ 最大海拔高度为
⑤________________ 生存技巧
⑥________________ n. 组织
⑦________________ n. 住宿
⑧________________ n. 耐力go hikingoptional activitiesstrengthwith a maximum altitude ofsurvival skillsorganizationaccommodationpatience2．Sentences①你们将体验令人兴奋的水上漂流，你们将获得你们从未有过的经历。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
________________________________________________________________________
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②营地提供良好的食宿，你们不用担心远足后休息的地方。(so连接的并列句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________Experience the exciting white-water rafting and you’ll gain the experience you
have never got.Have good accommodation at our camp so don’t be anxious about your rest place after
the hiking.Step 3 Draft the article by using the following words and phrases.during the hiking，and，last but not least，orAdventure Hiking
If you like both going hiking and adventure，Adventure Hiking is the organization for you.During the hiking，we’ll have the following optional activities for you.
Walk through a big desert to test your strength and patience.Experience the exciting white-water rafting and you’ll gain the experience you have never got.Climb a high mountain with a maximum altitude of 5，000 metres and perhaps you’ll meet some wild animals.Have good accommodation at our camp so don’t be anxious about your rest place after the hiking.Last but not least，take your own luggage with you.The things in it should be useful and light.You’ll have much fun and learn survival skills during the adventure hiking.Call us today on 0450-8899432 or e-mail us at www.adventurehiking.com.AH.Ⅲ.Post-writing—polishing the passageExchange your passage with your partner, and pay attention to the following points.
□1.Is the structure of the passage appropriate?
□2.Are there any spelling mistakes?
□3.Are there any grammatical mistakes like the tenses(时态)?
□4.Does the brochure include all the main contents?
□5.Is simple and informal English correctly used?亮点表达1．This kind of computer is of good quality.
2．All the common families can afford to buy one.It controls mostly by itself，so it is very easy to operate.
3．It is convenient to carry，for it is small and light.
4．Once you have one of this kind，you’ll enjoy it very much.
5．There are many kinds of food served in the restaurant，which are very delicious.
6．At the same time，all the food looks nice and smells good.7．What’s more，the prices of them are very reasonable.
8．The owner as well as the waiters is very friendly and kind，and they will make you feel at home.句式欣赏I like Spring Festival, because Spring Festival is a family reunion festival.我喜欢春节，因为春节是个亲人团聚的节日。
People can not only enjoy the full table of food, but also enjoy the happy atmosphere.人们既能享受满桌的佳肴盛馔，也能享受那份快乐的气氛。
Breakfast is not a big meal, just a few home－cooked dishes, a few bowls of ordinary soup, but one is very special, that is the moon cake that symbolizes reunion.
早饭并不丰盛，只是几个家常菜，几碗普通的汤，但有一个很特别，那就是象征团圆的月饼。This year’s New Year’s Day is full of festival joy and the pride of youth.
今年的元旦充满了节日的快乐和青春的自豪。写作技巧高级句型才给力
首先，给出一句简洁、清楚又切中主题的话，以便在第一时间引起读者的兴趣。
然后，给出被宣传事物大致的、最主要的信息。比如，找工作要推荐自己、宣传自己，写作中可以简要介绍自己的学历和曾有的工作经历。
接下来，叙述被宣传事物的主要特点。还以申请工作为例，在这里可以介绍自己有什么技能和特长。
最后，要强调一下被宣传事物与其他同类事物的独特之处。仍以找工作为例，可以宣传个人异于其他人的强项，比如，会说流利的英语，有丰富的工作经验等。这样，一篇目的明确、内容清晰、结构紧凑、层次分明的宣传手册就成型了。单元综合测评
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Who is looking for John?
A．The woman. B．The manager.
C．Lucy.
2．What does the woman say about the washing machine?
A．It should be replaced.
B．It should be repaired.
C．It should be sold.
3．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a library. B．In a cinema.
C．In a post office.
4．What is the weather probably like now?
A．Fine. B．Cloudy.
C．Rainy.
5．How did the woman get home yesterday?
A．She caught a train.
B．She drove home herself.
C．Her friend gave her a lift.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What did the woman enjoy most during the journey?
A．The beautiful scenery.
B．The amazing food.
C．The friendly people.
7．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A．Customer and shop assistant.
B．Guide and tourist.
C．Husband and wife.
请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．How much does the woman guess that the dress cost?
A．$200. B．$600.
C．$1，500.
9．What does the woman promise to do for the next three months?
A．Do no shopping at all.
B．Pay the credit card bill.
C．Pay Barbara back.
请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why won’t the woman go for a walk tonight?
A．She feels tired.
B．The weather isn’t good.
C．She already has plans.
11．What are the two speakers planning to do at last?
A．Go to the mall. B．Watch a movie.
C．Play ping－pong.
12．When will the two speakers set off?
A．At 6：00. B．At 7：30.
C．At 8：00.
请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．When did Jennifer Lopez’s first album come out?
A．In 2000. B．In 1999.
C．In 1998.
14．What surprised the woman about Jennifer Lopez?
A．Her pictures. B．Her music.
C．Her age.
15．Who is the woman’s favorite singer?
A．Jennifer Lopez. B．Britney Spears.
C．Adele.
16．What are the two speakers mainly talking about?
A．Their favorite female singers.
B．Their favorite songs.
C．The latest albums.
请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Who is most likely speaking?
A．A parent. B．A student.
C．A teacher.
18．How long did it take to build the museum?
A．Two years. B．Three years.
C．Four years.
19．What is being shown in the new museum?
A．The students’ artwork.
B．The teachers’ artwork.
C．The famous artists’ artwork.
20．What will the listeners do next?
A．Visit the museum.
B．Show their paintings.
C．Have a celebration party.
(听力原文
Text 1
M：If you see John，please tell him the manager is looking for him.
W：OK，no problem.I think he is in Lucy’s office now.
Text 2
M：The washing machine in our apartment is more than seventeen years old，and it worked just fine until last night.
W：You’ll never be able to get parts for it.It might be time to buy a more recent model.
Text 3
M：Excuse me，ma’am.I need to send a package.
W：Oh，that’s the fourth window on the right.
M：OK.Thank you so much.
Text 4
W：The radio said it would rain this afternoon.
M：Really? I don’t think so.
W：But the weather has been changing very fast this time of year.Just look at the sky now.
M：You’re right.It looks like it may rain quite soon.
Text 5
M：Did you have a good day yesterday?
W：It was a terrible day! My car broke down on the way home.I had to call the garage and they took it away.
M：Were you able to catch a train home?
W：I’d just missed the last one.Fortunately a friend was passing，and he gave me a lift.
Text 6
W：How nice it is to be home again with all of my family!
M：Did your journey turn out as well as you had hoped it would?
W：All trips have good and bad points，but this one had mostly good ones.Beautiful scenery，friendly people...
M：Was there anything you enjoyed in particular?
W：My favorite thing was the amazing food.
M：Did you bring me a souvenir?
W：Of course!
M：Oh，what a beautiful T－shirt! Well，next time I’ll be the one who goes away，and you can stay home and feed the dog!
Text 7
M：The credit card bill arrived today.Oh，no.This bill is for more than 1，500 dollars.
W：I was shopping with Barbara，and the store was having a sale，so I bought a dress.She’d left her credit cards at home and so she asked if she could put the charge on our card.She promised to pay me back.
M：A 1，500－dollar dress?
W：Well，I bought a few things，too，a few hundred dollars in the food section and 200 on that pair of shoes.I guess the dress cost，um，600 dollars.
M：Honey!
W：I’m sorry.I promise I’ll not go shopping for the next three months.
Text 8
W：Hi，Charles.How is everything?
M：Oh，same as always.I was wondering，though，if you might want to go out tonight.
W：Well，what exactly have you got in mind?
M：I thought we could just go for a walk.It would be good for your health.
W：Yeah，it would be，but the weather report said the temperature tonight could be as low as 8 ℃.
M：Really? That’s not good weather for a walk.What about going to the mall then? It’s warm there.We can eat there and then watch a movie.
W：Well，if we do that，I’ll be spending the evening sitting down，just like I am now.How about going to play ping－pong in the sports center？That will get us both up and moving around.
M：That’s a good idea.When do you want to set off?
W：Well，it closes at 9：00 pm，three hours from now.What about setting off at 7：30? That will give us an hour to play before it closes.
M：OK.
Text 9
W：Who is your favorite female singer，Adam?
M：Jennifer Lopez.I just love her music.She’s really a great singer.The songs from her first album On the 6 are still popular today.
W：When did her first album come out?
M：In 1999.
W：She must have been a teenager when she made that album.
M：No.She was born in 1969.
W：What? That’s really hard to believe.Her pictures make her look like she’s still in her early thirties now.
M：Yes，they do.So who’s your favorite female singer? Britney Spears？Many young people like her.
W：Well，a lot of people used to like Britney in the past，but she isn’t as popular as before.Actually，I don’t listen to her music much.I usually listen to Adele’s music.
M：Oh，yes，she’s really famous now.Her voice is amazing.
W：Yes，it definitely is.
Text 10
Ladies and gentlemen，it is an honor to be the first to welcome you tonight to the opening of our new university museum.It has taken three years to build.A formal celebration party will be held tomorrow.This museum will feature a wide variety of art，all created by our very own students.First，I would like to thank all of you parents for your support.You’ve raised such great children，and we’re honored to have them at our school.It has been a great pleasure to help them realize their dreams.I’d also like to thank all the great professors in our wonderful art department，of course.None of this would have been possible without all of your hard work.You are truly encouraging to all of us.But our students are the ones I’d like to thank most of all.You went above and beyond，working tirelessly in order to share your talent through the beautiful works we are about to see.I am very excited to see all of your paintings and drawings.But before we go in，let’s express our thanks to our excellent students again.
答案 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.B
9．A 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.C 16.A
17．C 18.B 19.A 20.A
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Early in the 16th century men were trying to reach Asia by traveling west from Europe.In order to find Asia they had to find a way past South America.The man who eventually found the way from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific was Ferdinand Magellan.
Magellan sailed from Seville in September 1519 with five ships and about 266 men.Thirteen months later, after spending a severe winter on the coast of Patagonia, he discovered the channel which is now called Magellan’s Strait.In November 1520, after many months of dangers from rocks and storms, during which two ships were lost, the three remaining ships entered the ocean on the other side of South America.
They then continued, hoping to reach Asia.But they did not see any land until they reached the islands off the coast of Asia.Before they arrived at these islands, later known as the Philippines, his men were dying of starvation.While they were staying in the Philippines, Magellan was killed in battle.The remaining officers then had to get back to Spain.They decided to sail round Africa.After many difficulties, one ship with eighteen men sailed into Seville three years after leaving.They were all that remained of Magellan’s expedition.However, their achievement was great.They were the first men to sail round the world.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述的是麦哲伦及其船队第一次从欧洲向西航行到亚洲进而完成环球航行的探险之旅。
21．The purpose of Magellan’s expedition was ________．
A．to sail round the world
B．to find a sea route to India
C．to make a voyage to Asia
D．to carry men to Philippines
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第一段的内容，可知，欧洲人试图向西航行，经大西洋到太平洋，然后到达亚洲，从而找到一条从海上去亚洲的路线。]
22．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage concerning the expedition?
A．Lack of navigation equipment.
B．Severe winter in Patagonia.
C．The death of Magellan.
D．Dangers from rocks and storms.
答案 A [细节理解题。通读全文我们可以发现，全文没有提及navigation equipment“航海设备”方面的问题。故选A。]
23．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Magellan’s Expedition
B．The Discovery of the Philippines
C．The Most Dangerous Expedition in Navigation
D．The First Expedition to Asia
答案 D [主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是麦哲伦及其船队第一次从海上去亚洲的探险之旅。故D为最佳选项。]
B
New efforts are being made to prevent American college campuses (校园) from cigarette smoking.Twenty colleges in the United States recently received money to help protect their campuses from the harm of cigarettes.
Supporters say that every child deserves to grow up in a safe and healthy environment free from harmful second－hand cigarettes.And in November，smoking at college campuses may become illegal.
Before banning smoking at college campuses，the US has passed laws banning smoking at most workplaces.27 American states ban smoking in all indoor workplaces.
Those supporting smoke－free at workplaces and college campuses give one major reason：the bad influence of smoking on health.
The Centers for Discase Control (CDC) says smoking has a great influence on health.They think cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States.Smoking is responsible for 480，000 deaths every year.
Supporters say the bad influence of second－hand smoke makes it a public health problem.Some also say that college campuses are a good place to ban smoking.
Gary Reedy，the CEO of the American Cancer Society，said it was important to stop college students from smoking，and he expected to successfully create a cigarette－free generation(代)．
The CDC found that 13 percent of adults between the ages of 18 and 24 smoke cigarettes.Reedy says that reducing (减少) the number of college students who smoke can help reduce the number of older adult smokers.He also says once a person starts smoking，it is hard to stop.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。美国正采取一项措施，尝试在大学校园里禁烟，以保护大学生们免受吸烟的危害。
24．Who are the new efforts good for?
A．Young smokers. B．The CDC.
C．College students. D．People in public places.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句可知，这次行动是在大学校园禁烟，受益的是大学生们。]
25．What makes the action to ban smoking possible?
A．The bad influence of smoking.
B．Money wasted on cigarettes.
C．Public attention to health.
D．Laws passed by the US.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句Before banning smoking...at most workplaces可知，这次禁烟运动是依据法律进行的，这使得这次运动成为可能。]
26．Which one is Reedy’s opinion?
A．Smoke－free campuses have a long－term influence.
B．Smoking spreads easily among college students.
C．It is easier for college students to stop smoking.
D．There’re more older adult smokers in the world.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据最后一段Reedy says that reducing the number of...of older adult smokers可知，他认为，减少大学生吸烟的人数能帮助减少成年人吸烟的人数，即在校园禁烟有长期影响。]
27．What is the best title for the text?
A．Second－hand smoke is affecting college students too
B．Banning smoking is being tried at U．S.colleges
C．Cigarettes should be totally banned in college
D．Groups take steps to protect college students
答案 B [主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句可知，本文主要介绍了美国正采取一项措施，尝试在大学校园里禁烟，以保护大学生们免受吸烟的危害。]
C
Dying for an ice－cream？A hundred years ago，you might have done just that.Until they were illegal in 1926 for their role in spreading tuberculosis (肺结核)，ices were commonly sold in glasses，which were rarely cleaned.Scoop A wonderful Ice Gream World，the first exhibition of the British Museum of Food in King’s Cross, London，has a tower of these unlikely killers from the wide collection of experts Robin and Caroline Weir，authors of Ices：The Definitive Guide.
Yet the sweet pleasures of ice－cream were very much worth the risk.In the 17th and 18th centuries，they were regarded as a food only belonging to the super－rich，and a symbol of social position.It’s said that about 1 litre of ice－cream cost ￡50：“You really had to love your guests，”says Robin.Little wonder，he adds，that businessmen tried their best to keep their trade secret：“If you knew how to make ice－cream，it was a meal ticket for life.”
What businessmen wanted to conceal was just how they made ice－cream：with a handful of ingredients (原料)，some ice，salt and a bit of effort，“you can create thousands of different kinds of ice－cream，”Robin says.Yet，for all that，boring old vanilla (香草) remains the most popular.Nine out of ten ice－creams sold were vanilla ice－cream，according to the Ice Cream Alliance.
Whatever kind of ice－cream you like，it is all too easy to overeat，an experience likely to end in the pain known as“brain freeze”．Luckily，the way to deal with it is very simple—place your tongue on the roof of your mouth to help warm the nerve.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。本文介绍了有关冰淇淋的一些事实情况。
28．Why did ice－cream lose its popularity in 1926?
A．It was hard to clean its container.
B．It was totally made in a secret way.
C．It was no longer as delicious as before.
D．It was responsible for a serious disease.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第一段的A hundred years ago, you might have done...which were rarely cleaned可知，人们认为冰淇淋和肺结核病的传播有关，所以就把它取缔了。]
29．What does Robin mean by saying“You really had to love your guests”？
A．The guests were rich people.
B．Ice－cream sold at a high price.
C．Ice－cream was popular at dinner.
D．The guests dared to take the risk.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据It’s said that about 1 litre of ice－cream cost ￡50可知，Robin说这句话的意思是冰淇淋很贵。]
30．Which of the following best explains“conceal” underlined in paragraph 3?
A．Control. B．Hide.
C．Solve. D．Select.
答案 B [词义猜测题。联系上文的Little wonder, he adds...to keep their trade secret可知，商人们想隐藏他们是如何制作冰淇淋的。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self－love is the key to a happy life.After we have learned how to love ourselves，we will be able to love others.__31__ You have to learn some steps to develop self－love.
Accept yourself the way you are.Every person has his or her own advantages and disadvantages.Our advantages make us proud but our disadvantages make us unhappy.This isn’t the right attitude towards life.__32__ In fact，no one on this earth is perfect.The key is to achieve a better balance (平衡) and try to be as happy as possible.
Stop worrying.__33__ It won’t help you get the solution (解决办法)．In fact，it will make you very unhappy.So，don’t let your worries influence you.This will help you face the difficulties of life more positively.
Enjoy life.Take part in activities that you love and develop a hobby.__34__ Take some time to enjoy them at least once a week.This way you are doing something that you are good at，which will make you feel good about yourself，and make you start loving life and everyone and everything in it.
__35__ If your body is weak and suffering from some health problems，you aren’t going to like anything about it.So you must take good care of your health.It includes eating fresh healthy food，taking enough rest and doing exercise.
A．Live a healthy lifestyle.
B．Make efforts to improve yourself.
C．It will hold you back from loving yourself.
D．They can be anything that makes you happy.
E．Worrying about a problem won’t let you think clearly.
F．However，learning to love yourself isn’t going to be easy.
G．The correct thing to do is accept the fact that you aren’t perfect.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了如何爱自己。
31．F [该空上一句提到爱自己对拥有快乐的人生很重要，但学会爱自己也是一件不容易的事，你需要掌握一些方法，故选F项。]
32．G [该空前一句说这不是对待生活的正确态度，后一句说世界上没有一个人是完美的，所以G项“正确的做法是接受你不完美这一事实”符合语境。]
33．E [根据该段的主题句和该空后的It won’t help you get the solution可知，担忧一个问题会让你的思考变得不清晰。]
34．D [该空前一句提到了参加自己喜欢的活动或培养一个爱好，该空在解释应该参加什么样的活动和培养什么样的爱好，再结合本段的主题句可知， 只要是能让你开心的活动和爱好，什么都可以。]
35．A [该空为该段的主题句，根据该段中出现的take good care of your health 及eating fresh healthy food, taking enough rest and doing exercise可知，该段内容与拥有健康的生活方式有关，故选A项。]
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
They had to get as many people out of the burning building as quickly as they could.So they told them to jump out of the window.
The first one out of the window was a man，who was followed by his two children.Next，a baby and then the baby’s mother __36__ the third－story window.All of them did this in __37__．At that moment the smoke was billowing (涌出) from the apartment in Colunbus，Ohio，Brian Smith and Corey Boykin tried their best to __38__ them.
It happened last November at around 4 am，when a __39__ started on the second floor.“I got my family out，”said Smith.“Then I started knocking on doors on the first floor but no one answered.I tried __40__ the second floor，__41__ the smoke was too black.I couldn’t __42__；nor could I breathe.So I __43__ and came outside.That’s when I saw people outside the __44__．”
Boykin was at his __45__ Melanie Nunemaker’s house，across the street from the apartment.He knew something was __46__，saying，“I saw a baby drop out of the window，and Smith was __47__ the child below.”
Boykin ran to a nearby house to get a ladder and __48__ to help.He found Smith outstretched (伸开) his arms，shouting，“__49__！I’ll get you.”He caught several people.
Boykin __50__ the ladder to ask those on the third floor to turn around and go toward him __51__ they couldn’t see through the smoke.
“I __52__ walking out through the front door，but a big cloud hit me.The smoke was getting to me so __53__ that I couldn’t breathe，”a man called Chase Ray told 10TV.“He __54__ my life，for sure.”
And it didn’t __55__．When Boykin saw his burned－out neighbors，he took 20 or so of them back to his friend Nunemaker’s house.“We gave them clothes，shoes，whatever we had，”Boykin said.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Smith和Boykin冒着生命危险将被大火围困在房间里的人营救出来。
36．A.came out of B．looked out of
C．knocked on D．pointed to
答案 A [根据上文The first one out of the window was a man可知，一个宝宝和妈妈从窗户往下跳。]
37．A.peace B．fear
C．silence D．secret
答案 B [由下文At that moment the smoke was billowing from the apartment可知，浓烟从楼房里涌出来，每个人都害怕地从窗户往下跳。]
38．A.free B．find
C．help D．surprise
答案 C [从下文可知，Smith和Boykin帮助了房间里所有被困的人。]
39．A.game B．party
C．fight D．fire
答案 D [由上文the smoke was billowing from the apartment可知，发生了火灾。]
40．A.reaching B．blocking
C．kicking D．covering
答案 A [根据上文I started knocking on doors on the first floor but no one answered可知，敲一楼的门没人应答，于是Smith就想上二楼救人，但是滚滚浓烟挡了他的去路。]
41．A.so B．and
C．for D．but
答案 D [我试图到二楼，但是烟太浓了。]
42．A.see B．talk
C．shout D．listen
答案 A [根据上文the smoke was too black可知，浓烟滚滚让上楼救人的Smith看不清四方。]
43．A.got off B．went by
C．carried on D．turned around
答案 D [Smith上楼救人但烟太浓看不清，只好转身来到房子外面。]
44．A.car B．window
C．school D．company
答案 B [根据下文I saw a baby drop out of the window可知，有人从窗户往下跳。]
45．A.neighbor B．friend
C．teacher D．student
答案 B [由下文he took 20 or so of them back to his friend Nunemaker’s house可知，Nunemaker是Boykin的朋友。]
46．A.important B．necessary
C．special D．wrong
答案 D [据下文I saw a baby drop out of the window可知，Boykin发现有人从窗户往下跳，觉得事情有些不对劲。]
47．A.praising B．treating
C．catching D．teaching
答案 C [由下文He found Smith outstretched his arms可知，Boykin发现Smith正在接住从窗户跳出来的人。]
48．A.rushed B．promised
C．agreed D．learned
答案 A [根据上文ran to a nearby house to get a ladder可知，Boykin发现问题后借了一把梯子，赶紧去帮忙。]
49．A.Run B．Jump
C．Help D．Quick
答案 B [根据上文Smith outstretched his arms及下文I’ll get you可知，Smith鼓励人们勇敢地往下跳。]
50．A.left B．ignored
C．climbed D．moved
答案 C [根据下文to turn around and go toward him __51__ they couldn’t see through the smoke可知，由于当时烟很大看不清，于是Boykin爬上梯子去救人。]
51．A.because B．unless
C．though D．until
答案 A [参考上题解析。]
52．A.avoided B．hated
C．tried D．continued
答案 C [根据下文but a big cloud hit me可知，Chase Ray试着从前门出去。]
53．A.early B．softly
C．fully D．badly
答案 D [烟如此浓烈以致于我不能呼吸。]
54．A.risked B．saved
C．changed D．admired
答案 B [由上文I __52__ walking out through the front door, but a big cloud hit me可知，当时居民Chase Ray也在受困人群之列，而Boykin当时在救人，故可推知他也被Boykin救出。]
55．A.disappear B．burst
C．finish D．settle
答案 C [根据下文When Boykin saw his burned－out neighbors, he took 20 or so of them back to his friend Nunemaker’s house可知，救人行动还没有完。]
非选择题部分
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
We’ve all heard that laughter is the 56.________ (good) medicine，and it’s true.Laughter makes you feel better and it’s also good 57.________ your relationships.Laughter brings people closer，and is a 58.________ (power) tool for making you relax when feelings are running high.Whether with your friends and family，or co－workers，you can learn to use humor 59.________ (solve) disagreements，lower everyone’s stress levels，and communicate in a way that deepens the relationships.
Humor plays 60.________ important role in all kinds of relationships.In new relationships，humor can be a useful tool not just for attracting the other person but also for getting over any awkwardness (尴尬) 61.________ (arise) when we get to know each other.In old relationships，humor can keep things more exciting and fresher.
Sharing the pleasure of humor 62.________ (create) a sense of closeness and connection between two people—63.________ (quality) that are signs of strong and successful relationships.When you laugh with one another，you create a positive relationship between you，64.________ acts as a strong buffer (缓冲剂) against stress，disagreements and disappointments in your relationship.And laughter is spreading—just hearing someone laugh often makes you smile 65.________ (happy) and join in the fun.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。笑是良药，它在我们的生活中无比重要。
56．best [根据空前的the可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。]
57．for [be good for...对……有好处。]
58．powerful [形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词tool。]
59．to solve [use sth to do sth用……来做某事。]
60．an [play an important role in...在……中发挥重要的作用。]
61．arising [awkwardness与arise之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。]
62．creates [主语为动名词短语，且本句陈述一般事实，故填create的第三人称单数形式creates。]
63．qualities [根据空格后的are signs可知，此处填名词的复数形式。]
64．which [空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，故填which。]
65．happily [副词修饰省略to的动词不定式。]
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假设你是李华，最近你校正准备组织学生进行旅行活动，但关于旅游景点还未决定，学校特向同学们征求意见，请你给林董事长写一封英文信，内容包括：
1．推荐一个旅游城市；
2．推荐理由(2～3个)；
3.希望董事长考虑。
要求：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
Dear Mr.Lin，
Knowing that our school is asking for our opinions about which city to enjoy, I would like to recommend a famous one—Guilin.The reasons are as follows.
Lying along the Lijiang River, Guilin is a key tourist city which is famous for its beautiful scenery in the world.With clear water and green hills, it attracts thousands of tourists every year.Besides, it’s a charming city with rich culture and a long history, where you can enjoy various caves and carvings(雕刻)．
I will be extremely glad and honored if you could take it into consideration!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
With time going by, Mother’s Day was around__the__corner．Maybe it is the happiest day for every mother.Bruce, a boy of nine years old, with his little sister Alina, six years old, wanted their mother to be one of them.But they were too young to get a job, even if a part－time one.What could they do? There was only one week left.They felt sad whenever they thought their mother would spend her Mother’s Day without carnations(康乃馨)．
Money is hard to make.Buying a bunch of carnations would cost a large sum of money for them.One day when they were wandering at the street, they heard Mr.Green was complaining that he had no time to wash those soda pop bottles.It is a kind of soda pop sold in bottles and the bottles can be washed and filled again.Mr.Green ran that grocery shop by himself, so he had no time to wash them.“Would you like to try, Alina？” Bruce asked his sister suddenly.Alina nodded__her head without hesitation.After all, both of them knew that maybe it was an opportunity for them to make money for the flowers.
They walked a few steps and came near Mr.Green.They looked up at Mr.Green and asked whether they could help him to wash those bottles.Mr.Green looked at them curiously until he was told the reason.He agreed and promised that he would pay 0.1 dollar for every bottle.Bruce and Alina were very happy even though they knew they would have a busy week.
They came to Mr.Green’s shop in the next seven days when they came back from school.On the morning of Mother’s Day, they got the pay—6.1 dollars.The boy also had 0.3 dollar saved.
So with a total of 6.4 dollars they walked about a mile to where a flower shop was located.When they came inside, someone asked what they wanted.They told him they wanted to buy some carnations for their mother.The boy reached into his pocket and pulled out their cash, asking if that would be enough.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
“But, your money is not enough！” said the shop assistant.
Paragraph 2：
“Wait a moment, please！” another gentleman waved to them.
【参考范文】
Paragraph 1：
“But, your money is not enough！” said the shop assistant.“Even for the smallest bunch？” Bruce asked quickly and eagerly, not believing his ears.“Not enough！” the shop assistant answered clearly, with the explanation that carnations were the most expensive flowers these days because of Mother’s Day.They were too disappointed to hear that! Bruce hopelessly put the money back into his pocket．
Paragraph 2：
“Wait a moment, please！” another gentleman waved to them.“I just have some carnations on sale which are a little small but pretty.Would you like to have a look? Only two dollars! ”Bruce nodded at once.“Just a minute！” He went in the back and came out with a bunch of carnations with paper wrapping around the pot.He took only two dollars, and also gave a Mother’s Day card as a gift.“Thank you very much，” Bruce bowed to the gentleman and they walked home proudly carrying the flowers for Mum.They couldn’t wait to see her smiling face.
