2020年（安徽）中考英语阅读理解练习含答案

2020年（安徽）中考英语阅读理解练习含答案
仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后完成题目。
Passage A
（2019中考科普环保类选练）
In most situations, light helps us see．But nowadays humans are using too much of it so that it is in fact a kind of pollution．
When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it difficult for us to watch some of life’s most wonderful sights: stars, planets and even galaxies（星系）．
According to scientific research, about 2, 500 stars can be seen by the human eye without using any special equipment（设备）．But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today’s countryside, and no more than ten stars from a city．In most big cities, people cannot see the sky filled with stars like they did in their childhood．
Light pollution affects more than just our view of sky．Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too．
When birds fly to another place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles（圈） until they drop from tiredness．Sea turtles（海龟） need dark beaches for laying eggs, but they can’t find their ideal places because of those bright lights．
Too much light at night may even affect human health, but scientists are not sure of that． They are still learning more．
In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution．Many cities and towns have taken action to reduce the use of lights at night．Lights are used only when and where they are truly needed．They also shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky and use lower brightness levels．
Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too．
1．Why does the writer think that too much light is a kind of pollution?
A． Because there are fewer and fewer stars．
B． Because human health has been affected．
C． Because too much light is a waste of energy．
D． Because some of the wildlife can be harmed．
2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned（提到）in this passage?
A． The problems that light pollution has caused．
B． The reason why humans use too much light．
C． The ways that light pollution can be reduced．
D． The reason why fewer stars can be seen than before．
3．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A． There are about 2,500 stars in the sky．
B． Humans want to do nothing to reduce light pollution．
C． Sea turtles always get lost and die from tiredness．
D． Something has been done to reduce light pollution．

Passage B
Many health products advertised on TV say they can improve your memory. But only ordinary food and healthy habits have been shown to work.
A research team from University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) has made a four?step plan to improve your memory in just 14 days. “It sounds like another advertisement, but it really works，” says Gary Small, a professor from UCLA. The team found the four?step plan improved the memory of teenagers under stress (压力) and older people. Here's the program：
Memory training: Train yourself with memory exercises throughout the day.
Healthy diet: Eat five rather than three meals a day but less food for each meal. The food should be rich in omega?3 fats, such as whole grains and vegetables with antioxidants (抗氧化剂).
Physical exercise: Have some physical exercise such as walking, basketball or running every day. Physical exercise helps your brain stay sharp.
Managing stress: Express your feelings instead of bottling them up. Make time for fun and relaxation. Stress is one of the brain's worst enemies. It prevents you from thinking clearly and enjoying life.
After a two?week study that included memory exercise, physical training and diet changes, the memories of the people who're tested improved by about 5%.
“We've known for years that diet and exercise can help people keep their physical health. This is a key part of healthy aging，” said Gary Small. “But keeping mentally active is also important. Now we have proved that people can improve their memories through a program of memory exercises and managing stress.”
(　　)1. The research team from UCLA ______.
A. showed people how to manage stress B. helped people to keep fit
C. helped people improve their memories D. trained people to do well in physics tests
(　　)2. According to the passage, a healthy diet that can improve our brain includes ______.
A. eating fewer meals a day B. eating food with antioxidants
C. keeping away from whole grains D. eating food without omega?3 fats
(　　)3. The underlined word “mentally” probably means “______” in Chinese.
A．身体上 B. 学术上
C. 社交上 D. 思维上
(　　)4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Bottling up feelings may lead to weak memory.
B. Physical training is good for improving memory.
C. The program to improve memories went smoothly.
D. A strong memory depends mostly on health products.
(　　)5. The purpose of the passage is ______.
A. to show us ways to improve physical health
B. to warn us that TV ads on health products are not true
C. to prove that keeping mental health is more important
D. to tell us healthy habits are helpful for memory improvement

Passage C
（2019中考科普环保类选练）
Every year when the Italian artist Michelangelo’s (1475－1564) birthday comes around, computer users all over the world are filled with fear（恐惧） and use their computers with care. Some may even choose not to turn on their computers on March 3rd. All this fear and care are just because a deadly computer virus is expected to cause damages（伤害）on that day.
What’s a computer virus then? Why do people get so afraid of it?
A computer virus is, in fact, a little program that is put into other programs and that does something bad. It is called a virus because, like any real life viruses such as AIDS virus, it reproduces (繁殖) itself. And when these programs are run, the virus is brought to life. It hides itself in your computer system waiting for the right moment to make damages. And at the same time it keeps producing itself by copying itself onto other programs.
The Michelangelo virus waits until the artist’s birthday comes around, and then it will wake up to do very bad things like destroying you files.（文件）So next time when you turn on your computer, look out for computer viruses!
?1. A computer virus is a kind of ????????????.
? A. famous person’s birthday ? ? ? ?B. deadly disease
? C. unsafe game?????????????????? ??? D. dangerous program
?2. Computer users fear viruses because ???????????
? A. they can bring users bad luck?????????? B. they can cause damages to the users
? C. they may do great harm to computers??? D. they can change the programs in all computers?
?3. It seemed that ?????????.
? A. a computer virus will appear each time you turn on your computer
? B. a computer virus is given to the computer by an Italian artist
? C. a computer virus will appear at the right time
? D. a computer virus can never be got rid of by human beings
?4. From the passage we know ?????????????.
? A. many people fear computers because of the viruses
? B. a computer virus is just the same as a real life virus.
? C. Michelangelo was born on March 3rd
? D. the artist Michelangelo was a bad person
?5. In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that we should ???????????
? A. look for computer viruses????????? B. wait for the artist’s birthday to come
C. be careful of computer viruses????? D. not turn on our computers

Passage D
（2019中考选练）
Your computer has been playing music for years, one CD at a time. Now hundreds of songs can be stored in your PC if they' re in the MP3 format (格式).
What is it? MP3 compressed(压缩) music into small computer files. You may download MP3 music several ways: Music can be downloaded from websites that have turned wide music libraries into MP3. Once MP3 music is on your PC’s hard drive, you can play it through your computer's speakers, "burn" it onto blank CDs or swap(交换) MP3 files with friends using e -mail.
How much? Software needed to play and convert MP3 music is often free. Compact portable MP3 players start at around $ 40 and can hold hundreds of songs. A blank CD on which you can record music costs about a dollar.
Advantages MP3 turns your home PC into a jukebox(自动唱机) . Small MP3 players are the size of a deck of cards(一副牌), making it easy to take hundreds of songs with you.? Disadvantages You may find that some websites only allow you to listen but you can't download music. Others let you download music but can't be copied to MP3 players. And a growing number of new CDs make it impossible to copy songs to a computer.
1. How can you get MP3 music?
A. By turning your home PC into a jukebox.???
B. By taking your own music or songs with you.
C. By copying songs to a PC through the speakers.
D. By downloading from websites, which have turned music libraries into MP3.
2. What is the closest meaning of the underlined word "burn"?
A. Copy.????? B. Play.??????? C. Store.??????? D. Change.
3. Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. MP3 music is often free.
B. MP3 music can be "burned" onto blank CDs or be swapped with friends by e -mail.
C. MP3 music can be taken along while traveling.
D. A growing number of new CDs make it possible to copy songs to a computer.
4. How much will you pay for a compact portable MP3 player?
A. Free.? ??????????????????B. At least 10 dollars.???
C. About forty dollars.??????? D. About a dollar.
5. How many disadvantages of MP3 can we see from the passage?
A. 2????????? B. 3????????? C. 4???????? D. 5

Passage E
Christmas Card DesignAre you teens between 12 and 18?Do you want to send your friend a holiday card which is designed by yourself?We can help you! And you needn't pay!Please call Mr.Smith and other volunteers at 886－353－2288. INCLUDEPICTURE "C53.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "C53.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1. If you call Mr.Smith, you can ________.
A. buy special cards
B. learn to make a card
C. learn to take photos
2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. If we call 886－353－2288, we can find Mr.Smith.
B. We don't have to pay for the help from volunteers.
C. Everyone can learn to design cards with the help of them.
Sun Rental Car Company?the largest rental(租赁)car company in eastern China ?with over 10，000 cars and 700 bicycles to rent(租) in Shanghai?cars and bicycles for all kinds of people, including adults, kids and other special persons?outside every exit of subway stations?70 yuan/hour for a car, 10 yuan/hour for a bike, half price after 9：00 pm from Monday to Thursday
3. There are about ________ bicycles to rent in Shanghai.
A. 10，000　　　　B. 700　　　　C. 1，700
4. How much should you pay if you want to rent a car and 2 bicycles for 3 hours after 9 pm on Sunday?
A. 135 yuan. B. 270 yuan. C. 200 yuan.
5. This is a(an) ________.
A. study　　　　B. report　　C. advertisement

Passage F
（民族风情及节日文化）
It's a cold, gray Sunday afternoon in March. The British are all working in their gardens. They're digging, cutting leaves and planting new seeds (种子)，By summer, their gardens will be full of bright colors.
The British love their gardens. A British newspaper recently asked people for their opinions about them. Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden, and over 50% of these described gardening as the most enjoyable thing .they ever did.Only one in ten houses in Britain do not have a garden. People who live in houses without gardens often rent (租用) land from the government.
At first, only very rich people had gardens. You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history, such as Chats worth House or Castle Howard. In the early twentieth century, however, gardening became a hobby. People bought different kinds of seeds and plants for their gardens. Although roses, sunflowers and tomatoes are often grown in British gardens, they originally (起初) grew wild in other countries.
Every year, there are competitions for the largest vegetables, but don't expect to win: Britain's biggest carrot is almost six meters long.
( )1. In summer, British gardens are often ______
A. full of people digging there B. colorful with different plants
C. too hot for people to work there D. covered with gray leaves and plants
( )2. A recent survey showed that ______ of the British felt it important to do some gardening.
A. around 70% B. over 50% C. only 20% D. about 10%
( )3. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that ________
A. seeds were provided for free B. roses were first grown in Britain
C. gardening is a hobby in the world D. the owner of Chats worth House was rich
( )4. What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence?
A. It is easy to grow big vegetables.
B. It is hard to win the competition.
C. The carrot is much easier to grow.
D. The carrot is his favorite vegetable.

Passage G
中国科技新生代
China has been famous around the world since ancient times. In the past, we had the Four Great Inventions. Nowadays, more inventions and creations have made China stronger and greater in the world.
On May 5th, 2017, at Shanghai Pudong International Airport, China's first large homemade jet airliner(喷气式客机), the C919, took off successfully for the first time. It has taken about ten years for the scientists and researchers to make this Chinese dream come true. It's a pride of the whole nation. So far, more than 23 companies have already ordered 570 C919 planes from China. But we still have a long way to go before the C919 carries passengers by 2020. It also faces the challenge of competing with the Airbus A320 and the new Boeing B737.
What's more, China is working on the new high?speed trains with the highest speed of 400 km/h. It will be ready by 2020. The new trains are expected to push area cooperation(合作) and create new business for China and foreign countries. Many countries, especially the ones in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, are planning to build high?speed rail lines or to improve their railways with the help of China. They'd like to get support in technology from China.
China has made great progress in both science and technology. And it makes a great contribution to humans, too. All of these are changing the daily life of Chinese people, even of the people around the world.
1. The C919 will have a competition with ________ and the new Boeing B737.
A. the Airbus A320 B. the Boeing B777
C. the Airbus A380 D. the Boeing B787
2. From the passage, we know that many countries in ________ are planning to build high?speed rail lines or to improve their railways.
①Southeast Asia ②North America ③Eastern Europe ④Central Asia
⑤South America ⑥the Middle East
A. ①③④⑤ B. ①③④⑥ C. ②③⑤⑥ D. ②④⑤⑥
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Over 32 companies ordered 570 C919 planes from China.
B. Successfully, the C919 took off for the first time on May 5th, 2017.
C. Many countries in Central Asia help China build high?speed rail lines.
D. The high?speed trains with the speed of 400 km/h can carry more passengers.
4. What does the underlined word “contribution”mean in Chinese?
A. 提示 B. 贡献 C. 奉献 D. 收获
5. The passage mainly wants to tell us ________．
A. the Chinese scientists are better at science and technology than before
B. the Four Great Inventions makes China strong and great in the world
C. China has increased the international influence with its development
D. China has produced the new high?speed trains with the speed of 400 km/h

Passage H
（2019中考选练题）
Once upon a time, there lived a very rich and wealthy man in a big town. He led a luxurious life. He always showed off his wealth to his friends and relatives.
His son was studying in a distant city and he returned home for vacation. The rich man wanted to show off to his son how rich he was. But his son didn’t like any luxurious lifestyle. However, the rich man wanted to make his son realize that his lifestyle was extremely rich and that poor people suffered a lot. He planned a day’s visit to the entire town to show him the life of the poor people.
The father and the son took a chariot and visited the entire town. They returned home after two days. The father was happy that his son was very quiet after seeing the poor people honouring（尊敬） the rich man and after witnessing the sufferings of the poor.
The rich man asked his son, “Dear boy, how was the trip? Have you enjoyed it?”
“Yes my dad, it was a great trip with you,” the son replied.
“So, what did you learn from the trip?” the father asked.
The son was silent.
“Finally you have realized how the poor suffer and how they actually live,” said the father.
“No father,” replied the son. He added, “We have only two dogs, they have 10 dogs. We have a big pool in our garden, but they have a large bay（港湾） without any end! We have luxurious and expensive lights from various countries, but they have countless stars lighting their nights. We have a house on a small piece of land, but they have abundant fields that go beyond the horizon（视野）. We are protected by huge and strong walls around our property（财产）, but they bond with（与……连着） each other and surround themselves with their fellow beings. We have to buy food from them, but they are so rich that they can grow their own food.”
The rich father was stunned and speechless, on hearing his son’s words.
Finally the son added, “Dad, thank you so much for showing me who is rich and who is poor. Thank you for letting me understand how poor we really are!”
1. Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word “luxurious”?
A. rich B. free C. troublesome D. difficult
2. Why did the father plan a visit to the town?
A. to show off his wealth B. to show his son how poor he was
C. to show his son how poor others were D. to share his gold with others
3. After the trip, the son disagreed that ___________________.
A. the bay is much better than their pool in the garden
B. their lights were worth much more than the stars above
C. the people in the town lived a much better life than his family
D. they had to depend on others for food while others needn’t.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The son had the same personality as his fathrer.
B. The father was tired of his wealthy lifestyle.
C. Acturally, the father just pretended that he had a lot of money.
D. True wealth is not measured by money and property.
5. According to the story, the son is a man who___________.
A. knew what was really more valuable B. was proud of being rich
C. was proud of being poor D. was hard-working and friendly







参考答案

Passage A
1---3、DBD

Passage B
1---5、C B D D D　

Passage C
1---5、DCCCC??

Passage D
1---5、CACAD

Passage E
1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C

Passage F
1---4、BADB

Passage G
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国近年来在科技方面的重大发展。文章首先介绍了中国首架大型国产喷气式客机C919，然后介绍了中国高铁的发展，以及一些国家希望得到中国高铁技术方面的支持。这些发展给中国人甚至全世界人民产生了重大的影响。
1. A　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：C919将与________和新波音B737展开竞争。根据第二段最后一句“It also faces the challenge of competing with the Airbus A320 and the new Boeing B737.”可知应选A。
2. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从这篇短文中我们知道在________许多国家计划建高铁或改善他们的铁路。根据第三段倒数第二句“Many countries, especially the ones in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, are planning to build high?speed rail lines or to improve their railways with the help of China.”可知中亚、东南亚、中东和东欧地区的许多国家有这种计划，故选B。
3. B　【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇短文可知下列哪一项是正确的？A项：超过32家公司从中国订购了570架C919飞机；B项：2017年5月5日C919首次成功起飞；C项：中亚的许多国家帮助中国建设高速铁路；D项：时速为400千米的高铁可以运载更多的乘客。根据第二段第一句“On May 5th, 2017, at Shanghai Pudong International Airport, China's first large homemade jet airliner(喷气式客机), the C919, took off successfully for the first time.”可知选B。
4. B　【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“contribution”的汉语意思是什么？根据上句“China has made great progress in both science and technology.”以及下句“All of these are changing the daily life...”可知此处应该是指中国对人类作出了巨大的贡献。故选B。
5. C　【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要想告诉我们________。A项：中国科学家比以前更擅长科学技术；B项：四大发明使中国在世界上强大；C项：中国随着自身的发展提高了国际影响力；D项：中国已经生产了时速400千米的新型高铁。本文介绍了中国近年来在科技方面的重大发展，故选C。

Passage H
1—5、ACBDA