外研版必修四-Module 2 Traffic Jam 教案

Module 2 Traffic Jam


Part One: Teaching Design
Period One: Reading—Getting Around in Beijing
Goals
To learn to read passages with Imperatives about traffic jams
To learn to read with strategies
Procedures
▇Warming up by defining traffic jam
What is traffic jam or traffic congestion?
Traffic jam is a number of vehicles blocking one another until they can scarcely move.
Traffic congestion occurs when the volume of traffic on a roadway is high enough to become detrimental to its performance. In congested conditions, vehicle speeds are reduced, increasing drive times. These conditions are also more frustrating for drivers (see road rage), and automobile accidents may be more frequent. Furthermore, vehicles burn unnecessary fuel when stuck at idle. A period of extreme traffic congestion is known as a traffic jam.
▇Before you read
Please go over the word list for this module, paying attention to the pronunciation of the word, the relationship between its pronunciation and its spelling.
▇While you read
Cut/ the sentences into thought groups, blacken the predicates, underline the useful expressions and darken the connectives.
Getting Around in Beijing TaxisTaxis are on the streets/ 24 hours/ a day. Simply raise your hand, and/ a taxi appears/ in no time. They are usually red, and/ they display the price per kilometer on the window. You should check/ the cab has a business permit, and/ make sure/ you ask for a receipt.Buses and trolleybusesPublic transport provides a cheap way/ to get around/ in Beijing. There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses/ in Beijing, but/ they can get very crowded. It’s a good idea/ to avoid public transport /during the rush hour (6:30 am—8:00 am and 5:00 pm—6:30 pm). Fares are cheap, starting/ at 1 yuan. Air-conditioned buses cost more.Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited/ to travel/ within the city centre. Higher numbers have destinations/ in the suburbs. Tourists shouldn’t miss the 103 bus/ which offers one of the most impressive routes, past the Forbidden City/ and the White Pagoda/ in Beihai Park. If you get on a double-decker bus, make sure/ you sit upstairs. You will have a good view of the rapidly changing city.Most buses/ run/ from about 5:00 am/ to midnight. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses/ with a number/ in the 200s.MinibusesMinibuses/ with seats/ for 12 passengers/ offer an alternative/ to expensive taxis/ and crowded public transport/ in some areas. They run regular services/ and follow the same routes/ as large public buses. And/ in a minibus/ you always get a seat/ even in rush hours.UndergroundThere are four underground lines/ in Beijing, and/ several lines are under construction. Trains are fast/ and convenient, but/ rush hours can be terrible. A one-way trip costs 3 yuan. Station names are marked/ in pinyin. The underground is open/ from 5:00 am to 11:00 pm.Pedi cabsTourists like these human-pedaled “tricycle taxis”, but/ they can be expensive. You should talk to the driver, and/ make sure /you know the price/ before you begin the journey, for example, if it is per person, single/ or return. Tricycles are worth using/ if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing.
▇After you read
Copy all the useful expressions into your Expression Book.
Useful collocations from Getting Around in Beijing
on the streets, 24 hours a day, raise your hand, appears in no time, display the price per kilometer on the window, check the cab, have a business permit, make sure…, ask for a receipt, public transport, provide a cheap way, get around in Beijing, get very crowded, a good idea, avoid public transport during the rush hour, cost more, buses numbered 1 to 100, be limited to travel within the city center, have destinations in the suburbs, miss the 103 bus, offers one of the most impressive routes, get on a double-decker bus, make sure…, sit upstairs, have a good view of the rapidly changing city, run from about 5:00 am to midnight, a night bus service, be provided by buses, minibuses with seats for 12 passengers, offer an alternative to expensive taxis and crowded public transport, in some areas, run regular services, follow the same routes as large public buses, in a minibus, get a seat, in rush hours, four underground lines in Beijing, under construction, rush hours, a one-way trip, station names, be marked in pinyin, be open from 5:00 am to 11:00 pm, human-pedaled “tricycle taxis”, talk to the driver, make sure …, know the price before…, begin the journey, for example, per person, be worth using, explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing
▇Closing down by making sentences
You are going to make your own sentences with the expressions form this module.
Sentences made with useful collocations from Getting Around in Beijing (with Imperatives if possible)
Go and find any polluting cars on the streets.Raise your hand if you have any questions to ask of me.He has been work hard 24 hours a day these days.Call the police, and they will appear in no time.The owner of the bus does not display the price per kilometer on the window.You have to check if the bus has a business permit before you take it.Make sure that you ask for a receipt when you buy something in the city.Public transport provides a cheap way to get around in the city.Buses can get very crowded at the rush hours.I have a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush hour.It costs more to take buses numbered 1 to 100.We were limited to travel within the city center.We don’t have any destinations in the suburbs.Make sure you don’t miss the 103 bus.Bus No. 11 offers one of the most impressive routes to get around Taiyuan.We wanted to get on a double-decker bus to see the city first.Make sure that you live upstairs so that you have a good view of the rapidly changing city. The public bus runs from about 5:00 am to midnight in Taiyuan. We have a night bus service in our city. Public transport is provided by private buses and minibuses with seats for 12 passengers in our city. Bikes offer an alternative to expensive taxis and crowded public transport. In some areas taxis runs regular services in the daytime. Follow the same routes as large public buses, and you will get to the train station easily. In a minibus, you can get a comfortable clean seat for only two yuan. In rush hours you may take one of the four underground lines in Shanghai. A new underground line is under construction. Don’t go out during the rush hours. It costs less to take a one-way trip along the streets in Beijing by taxis. Keep the station names in your note book. My name is marked in pinyin, not in English. The hospital is open from 5:00 am to 11:00 pm. I like to take the human-pedaled “tricycle taxis” getting around a new place. I like to talk to the driver while getting around the city. Make sure you know the price before you take the taxis. I shall begin the journey soon. It cost 50 yuan per person to travel in groups of four. It is worth exploring the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing.

Period Two: FUNCTION—Giving advice
Goals
To learn to give advice
Procedures
▇Getting ready with the structure
Asking for AdviceWhat do you think I should do?What do you suggest?What would you do (in this situation)?What advice would you give me if I ….? Giving Advice I think you should get a lawyer.Maybe you should try someplace else.Why don’t you call the company?If I were you, I would tell her.
1. I think you should buy the blue one.2. I don’t think you should sell your car. 3. Let’s go bowling tonight. 4. Why don’t we go skiing on Saturday? 5. Why don’t you come with me to China? That’s a good idea. Thanks for the advice, but I really need the money. Sorry, I can’t. I’m meeting a friend for dinner. Sounds like a good idea. Where do you want to go? Thanks, but I’ve already been there.
You should… You’d better…
Make sure… If I were you, I …
It’s a good idea… You’ll …
Why not…? If you…, you must…
I think… In my opinion, you…
▇Giving advice in pairs
Advice on travel on the roadYou should choose your traveling companion carefully.Make sure you consider how you want to travel.It’s a good idea to travel responsibly.Why not travel in as local away as you can? I think you'll spend less, learn more, and do less ecological damage if you travel with me.
Advice on learning EnglishI think 10 English words or phrases per day aren't too many, are they? Just give it a try. You will find that you can learn them in next to no time.Why not take a little time each day (Monday to Friday) to learn 10 new words?You may use the weekend to revise what you have learned during the past week(s). This way you'll enrich your English vocabulary by 50 new words per week. (That's 200 new English words after a month!)You’d better not look up every word which is new to you — even without a dictionary you will understand a lot. Just concentrate on what you do understand and try to find out the rest by intelligent guessing. Make sure you also watch the news in your native language and try to find English news to some of the topics. Even if you don't understand every word in the English text, you will get the message as you already know what the text is about. I think it’s a good idea when reading English texts look out for the grammar aspect you want to remember. Mark it and reflect on why it is used there.Why don’t you look up the topic in an English grammar reference, your English textbook? It’s best that you meet friends and study English together. You can repeat your English vocabulary, do your homework together and help each other with English grammar. And why not try one of our games on ego4u. Studying with friends simply is much more fun. It's also a good opportunity to exchange ideas on studying in general. Maybe your friends have found out about a good way of studying more effectively. Or, who knows, maybe you can advise your friends on this?
A: I like my job, but I don't make enough money.B: You should ask your boss for a raise.A: I don't want to do that. He may fire me.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------A: I'd love to buy a Sony tape recorder, but I can't afford it.B: Why don't you buy it on an installment plan?--------------------------------------------------------------------------------A: I've got a backache.B: If I were you, I'd see a doctor.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------A: Just don't give them a chance to say no. B: Oh, sure, I know that.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------A: Be sure to go to the Alitalia office first thing tomorrow.B: good deal.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------A: Why can't you and I talk about this later?B: Cool.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------A: I feel terrible. I've got a bad hangover.B: I advise you to quit drinking.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------A: You've got to learn to put first things first.B: I'll keep that in my mind.

Period Three: Speaking—Talking about getting around in a city
Goals
To learn to talk about getting around in a city
Procedures
▇ Making preparation for speaking
To speak about something well in a foreign language, you need two things prepared: the language and the idea.
Now go back to the reading passage to read it again for the necessary vocabulary and ideas to be used in speaking about getting around in a city.
You need a car to get around: Automobile is king hereShanghai is very much an automobile town. There are some buses, but I cannot imagine how long it must take to get from one end of town to the other via bus. The problem with Shanghai is its sprawl. There is nothing but rice fields on all sides, so nothing has impeded the sprawl of development. As a result it might take an hour to get from the northwest corner of Shanghai to the southeast corner. There are no intercity highways to make the job any easier. On the plus side, Shanghai is ruled by the grid system for its streets and it is virtually impossible to get lost.
▇ Speaking in groups of four about getting around in a city
A: Getting around in Beijing by taxi is not hard, as long as you are prepared. B: What can I do if I do not speak English?A: You may keep the name of your hotel written down in Chinese characters. B: I see a brochure, business card or receipt may work.A: Yes, you are correct. You may also have the hotel staff write the name of your hotel down for you. B: Then I can easily show it to a driver. C: I have another suggestion. Some guidebooks have destinations and hotels written in Chinese. D: Also a little phrasebook may suffice. You can also learn to say the name of your hotel and other destinations in Chinese. A: Taxis in Beijing are metered, so just get in the taxi and pay the fare when you get out. The machine will also print out receipts automatically for you if you need it. C: Beijing taxis are on the streets 24 hours a day. B: Simply raise my hand, and a taxi will appears in no time, won’t it? What color are they?A: They are usually red, and they display the price per kilometer on the window. You should check the cab has a business permit, and make sure you ask for a receipt.B: What about buses and trolleybuses in Beijing?C: I take the buses and trolleybuses almost every day. I think public transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing. B: How many buses and trolleybuses are there in Beijing?A: There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in Beijing.B: So many? Then why is it difficult to get on buses?A: Buses and trolleybuses can get very crowded sometimes, especially at the rush hours.B: so it’s a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush hour. From 6:30 am—8:00 am and 5:00 pm—6:30 pm. Am I right?A: You are right.D: Are the fares expensive in Beijing?A: No, they are no expensive. Fares are cheap, starting at 1 yuan. C: But air-conditioned buses cost more than that.B: Are there any rules for buses running around Beijing?A: Yes, there are. Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city center. C: You know higher numbers have destinations in the suburbs. B: I hear that tourists like us shouldn’t miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most impressive routes, past the Forbidden City and the White Pagoda in Beihai Park. C: You are well informed.A: And if you get on a double-decker bus, make sure you sit upstairs. You will have a good view of the rapidly changing city.B: What about taking buses at night?A: Most buses run from about 5:00 am to midnight. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s.B: I see lots of minibuses in Beijing. Tell me something about them, OK?C: Minibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an alternative to expensive taxis and crowded public transport in some areas. A: And they run regular services and follow the same routes as large public buses. C: And in a minibus you always get a seat even in rush hours.B: It is indeed convenient enough to travel by a minibus.E: I am new here in Beijing. I’d like to know something about the underground lines here.A: All right. There are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction. B: Are trains underground fast and convenient?A: Yes, they are. But rush hours can be terrible. C: And they are expensive. A one-way trip costs 3 yuan. D: And I see station names are marked only in pinyin. There should be more English for the foreigners.A: You are both right in saying that. But it is easy to travel around by the underground lines, for the underground is open from 5:00 am to 11:00 pm.B: While going round Beijing I find lots of pedicels.A: Tourists like these human-pedaled “tricycle taxis”, but they can be expensive. D: And you should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price before you begin the journey, for example, if it is per person, single or return. B: But tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing!
Period Four: Grammar—Imperatives
Goals
To learn to use English Imperatives
Procedures
▇Learning about Imperatives
We use imperatives for different reasons, such as telling people what to do, giving instructions and advice, making recommendations and suggestions, and for making offers.
Come in and sit down, please.
Don't open the door - it's cold.
Put the books on the desk and open the window.
Don't ask me – I don’t know.
See the lawyer - it's the best thing.
Have a bit more water.
▲Emphatic imperative: do + imperative
Do come next Monday.
Do be a bit more brave.
Do forgive me - I didn't mean to be harm.
▲Passive imperative: get + past participle
Get vaccinated as soon as you can.
▲Do (not) be
Don' t be silly!
Do be quiet!
▲Subject with imperative
Mary come here - everybody else stay where you are.
Somebody answer the phone.
Nobody move.
Relax, everybody.
▲You before an imperative
You just sit down and relax for a bit.
You take your hands off me!
▲Question tags
Give me a hand, will you?
Sit down, won't you?
Get me something to drink, can you?
Be quiet, can't you?
Don't tell anybody, will you?
▲Word order: always and never put before imperatives
Always remember what I told you. (NOT Remember always)
Never speak to me like that again."
▇Practicing making imperative sentences
Make imperatives sentences with the 331 most common English verbs
accept care enjoy happen lead open reduce settle teach account carry count examine hate learn order refer shake tell achieve catch cover exist have leave ought reflect shall tend act cause create expect head lend own refuse share test add change cross experience hear let pass regard shoot thank admit charge cry explain help lie pay relate should think affect check cut express hide like perform release shout throw afford choose damage extend hit limit pick remain show touch agree claim dance face hold link place remember shut train aim clean deal fail hope listen plan remove sing travel allow clear decide fall hurt live play repeat sit treat answer climb deliver fasten identify look point replace sleep try appear close demand feed imagine lose prefer reply smile turn apply collect deny feel improve love prepare report sort understand argue come depend fight include make present represent sound use arrange commit describe fill increase manage press require speak used to arrive compare design find indicate mark prevent rest stand visit ask complain destroy finish influence matter produce result start vote attack complete develop fit inform may promise return state wait avoid concern die fly intend mean protect reveal stay walk base confirm disappear fold introduce measure prove ring stick want be connect discover follow invite meet provide rise stop warn beat consider discuss force involve mention publish roll study wash become consist divide forget join might pull run succeed watch begin contact do forgive jump mind push save suffer wear believe contain draw form keep miss put say suggest will belong continue dress found kick move raise see suit win break contribute drink gain kill must reach seem supply wish build control drive get knock need read sell support wonder burn cook drop give know notice realize send suppose work buy copy eat go last obtain receive separate survive worry call correct enable grow laugh occur recognize serve take would can cost encourage handle lay offer record set talk write end
Examples:Speak! Finish your homework! Let's eat! Close the door!Let's not forget who helped us. Don't leave me! Don't walk on the grass! Please don't eat the daisies!Don't sit down.Don't take out your books.Don't write the words.Be quiet, please.Listen to de CD.Clean the board, please.

Period Five: Writing—Writing about your town
Goals
To learn to write about places
Procedures
▇Reading for structure and idea
Go to read the short passage on page 18. While reading underline the expressions and patterns, and pay attention to the organization of the idea.
▇Writing similar passages about your town
Too many people in our townThere are too many people in our town. As a result there are lots of buildings, and the place where we live is too crowded. The town is big and the streets are wide, so there is room for crowds of people and traffic. This means that there are many visitors and citizens on streets and in parks on both the workdays and the weekends. There’s no simple solution to this problem of huge population. They should be stricter with the birth control policy. One family should only be allowed to have one child. No outsiders should be allowed to work and live in the town. That way the town’s population might be reduced greatly very soon.
Too many weeds in our townWe have too many weeds in our town. They must be kept under!Every passing year the increase in weed growth is outstanding — do you think that the weed growth will reach some level and then maintain that level? What will this level be? Will it be total weeds? Will this be acceptable, even to you? I suggest the weed level is already past my level of tolerance.To those of you not living next to town center, perhaps the weeds haven’t reached you yet but as they continue their march out from the affected areas, yard by yard, they will soon do so. When the weeds have overtaken us, who will be responsible for the costs to bring us back to some level of control?
Chinese minister on difficulties, problems facing ChinaFarmers have difficulty increasing their incomes and grain production has dropped considerably. The problem of waste of farming land is serious. The problem of unemployment remains serious. There is a wide income gap among some members of society, and in both urban and rural areas many low-income people lead a fairly difficult life.The country's economic structure is still irrational, and too much of its economic growth is based on extensive production.Economic and social development remains imbalanced in China.The order of the market economy remains somewhat chaotic.

Period Six: CULTURAL CORNER—The London Congestion Charge
Goals
To read about congestion charge
Procedures
▇ Before you read
Please go over the word list for this module, paying attention to the pronunciation of the word, the relationship between its pronunciation and its spelling.
▇While you read
Cut/ the sentences into thought groups, blacken the predicates, underline the useful expressions and darken the connectives.
The London Congestion Charge Beijing isn’t the only city/ with traffic problems. You can get stuck/ in a traffic jam/ anywhere/ in the world. The worst problems occur in cities/ which are growing fast, such as Sao Paolo/ in Brazil and Lagos/ in Nigeria. But/ even cities/ in developed countries/ such as the US suffer. Los Angeles, which was built/ with the motor car/ in mind, and/ is famous/ for its six-lane highways, is now the USA’s most congested city.In Europe/ most capital cities/ were planned/ and built/ before cars, and city centre traffic jams/ have been part of daily life/ for a long time. The situation/ in central London, where drivers spent fifty percent of their time/ in queues, became so bad/ that the local government decided to do something/ about it. In February/ 2003/ the Mayor of London, Ken Livingstone, introduced a “congestion charge”—a tax/ for cars/ entering the centre of the city.The idea is simple: every car/ coming into the center/ has to pay ￡5 a day. Drivers can pay the charge/ at any of 10,000 pay points/ in the capital/ before 10 pm. As the cars come into the centre, video cameras record their registration numbers, and these are checked/ with a list of drivers/ who have paid the charge/ for that day. People/ who do not pay the charge/ will face a fine of ￡80.Most Londoners/ are not happy/ with the idea. They agree that/ London has a traffic problem, but the congestion charge is expensive, and limits their freedom…But does the congestion charge work? A survey/ carried out/ at the end of 2003/ suggests/ it does. After only six months, traffic/ coming into central London/ was reduced/ by about 30 percent. More people used public transport/ to get to work, and/ bicycles were suddenly very popular. What’s more, central London shops did not lose business/ even though there were/ fewer cars.But/ there are a few people/ who think/ the charge should be much higher, for example, rich businessmen/ who work in the city center/ and can easily afford it. This would keep even more cars/ out of central London, and the roads would be nearly empty. However, there are no plans/ to increase the charge.
▇After you read
Copy all the useful expressions into your Expression Book. You may make sentences with these expressions.
Useful collocations from The London Congestion Charge
the London Congestion Charge, the only city with traffic problems, get stuck in a traffic jam, anywhere in the world, grow fast, such as, cities in developed countries, be built with the motor car in mind, is famous for…,the USA’s most congested city city centre traffic jams, part of daily life, for a long time, in queues, do something about it, introduce a “congestion charge”, a tax for cars entering the centre of the city, come into the center, pay ￡5 a day, pay the charge, at any of 10,000 pay points, in the capital, before 10 pm, video cameras, record the registration numbers, be checked with a list of drivers, pay the charge for that day, face a fine of ￡80, be happy with the idea, have a traffic problem, limit one’s freedom, carry out a survey, at the end of 2003, traffic coming into central London, be reduced by about 30 percent, use public transport to get to work, be very popular, lose business, work in the city center, keep even more cars out of central London, increase the charge
▇Talking about the London congestion charge
You are going to put the article into a dialogue in pairs. The following can be an example for you.
A: Beijing isn’t the only city with traffic problems. B: One can get stuck in a traffic jam anywhere in the world. C: Where do the worst problems occur?A: They occur in cities which are growing fast, such as Sao Paolo in Brazil and Lagos in Nigeria. B: But even cities in developed countries such as the US suffer. A: Take Los Angeles for an example. It was built with the motor car in mind, and is famous for its six-lane highways, is now the USA’s most congested city.D: It is true in Europe.A: Most capital cities there were planned and built before cars, and city center traffic jams have been part of daily life for a long time. B: What about the situation in central London?D: The London drivers spend fifty percent of their time in queues these days. A: The traffic problem in London has become bad that the local government has decided to do something about it. B: What does it do?A: In February 2003 the Mayor of London, Ken Livingstone, introduced a “congestion charge”.B: Is that a tax for cars entering the center of the city?A: Yes, it is. B: What is the idea?E: The idea is simple: every car coming into the center has to pay ￡5 a day. B: Is it convenient?A: Yes, it is. Drivers can pay the charge at any of 10,000 pay points in the capital before 10 pm. B: How does it work?A: As the cars come into the center, video cameras record their registration numbers, and these are checked with a list of drivers who have paid the charge for that day. People who do not pay the charge will face a fine of ￡80.B: Are the people happy with the measure?A: Most Londoners are not happy with the idea. C: Why aren’t they happy with it?A: Although the people agree that London has a traffic problem, but the congestion charge is expensive, and limits their freedom.B: But does the congestion charge work? A: Yes, it works. A survey carried out at the end of 2003 suggests it does. B: Any improvement made so far?A: After only six months, traffic coming into central London was reduced by about 30 percent. D: That’s why more people are using the public transport to get to work.A: And bicycles are suddenly very popular in London. D: What’s more, central London shops does not lose business even though there are fewer cars.A: But there are a few people who think the charge should be much higher. B: That’s strange. Who are those people?For example, rich businessmen who work in the city center and can easily afford it. B: Why?A: This would keep even more cars out of central London, and the roads would be nearly empty. B: Are there any plans for that?A: No, there aren’t yet. At the moment there are no plans to increase the charge.

Part Two: Teaching Resources for Module 2 Traffic Jam
Section One: Background readings
I. Background readings
Sao Paolo
Sao Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy.
Sao Paulo is the richest state in Brazil. It has the second highest "per-capita", despite of the poverty in some areas of the greatest cities.
2. Lagos
Lagos is the largest city in Nigeria. Lagos is built on the mainland and the series of islands surrounding Lagos Lagoon.
Although Lagos isn't the capital, the city is the commercial center of Nigeria.
3. Nigeria
The Federal Republic of Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It is the most populous country in Africa. The country's name is unrelated to its African heritage; it was proposed by a Times article in 1897.
4. Los Angeles
The City of Los Angeles is the second-largest city in the United States in terms of population, as well as one of the world's most important economic, cultural, and entertainment centers. The city is one of the largest entry points for immigrants to the United States, making it one of world's most culturally rich places. People are attracted to the city for its warm weather, its vibrant lifestyle, its unique energy, and the opportunity to realize the "American Dream."

Section Two: Words and Expressions from Module 2 Traffic Jam
1. display
n. something shown to the public: He made a display of strength. a display of courage, a display of emotion
v. to show, make visible or apparent: National leaders will have to display the highest skills of statesmanship.
2. permit
v. consent to, give permission: She permitted her son to visit her estranged husband. Children are not permitted beyond this point. This permits the water to rush in.
3. fare
n. 1. [C, U] the money that you pay to travel by bus, plane, taxi, etc.: bus / taxi fares, train / rail fares, Children travel (at) half fare. When do they start paying full fare? 2. [C] a passenger in a taxi: The taxi driver picked up a fare at the station. 3. [U] (old-fashioned or formal) food that is offered as a meal: The restaurant provides good traditional fare.
v. fare well, badly, better, etc. to be successful/unsuccessful in a particular situation get on: The party fared very badly in the last election.
4. limit
n. 1. the greatest possible degree of something: To the limit of his ability. There are limits on the amount you can bet.
v. 1. restrict or confine: I limit you to two visits to the pub a day. Limit the time you can spend with your friends.
5. provide
v. supply means of subsistence; earn a living: He provides for his large family by working three jobs. Provide for the proper care of the passengers on the cruise ship. The hostess provided lunch for all the guests. We provided the room with an electrical heater. This procedure provides for lots of leeway.
6. convenient
adj. 1. convenient (for sb. /sth.) useful, easy or quick to do; not causing problems: It is very convenient to pay by credit card. You’ll find these meals quick and convenient to prepare. Fruit is a convenient source of vitamins and energy. A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in towns. I can’t see him now—it isn’t convenient. I’ll call back at a more convenient time. (disapproving) He used his wife’s birthday as a convenient excuse for not going to the meeting. 2. convenient (for sth.) near to a particular place; easy to get to: The house is very convenient for several schools.
7. pedal
n. 1. a flat bar on a machine such as a bicycle, car, etc. that you push down with your foot in order to make parts of the machine move or work: I couldn’t reach the pedals on her bike. She pressed her foot down sharply on the brake pedal.
v. (-ll-, US also -l-) 1. [+adv. / prep.] to ride a bicycle somewhere: I saw her pedaling along the towpath. He jumped on his bike and pedaled off. She pedaled her bicycle up the track. 2. to turn or press the pedals on a bicycle or other machine: You’ll have to pedal hard up this hill. She had been pedaling her exercise bike all morning.
8. return
n. the act of returning to a prior location: They set out on their return to the base camp. On his return from Australia we gave him a welcoming party. In return we gave them as good as we got. The average return was about 5%.
v. 1. return (to ...) (from ...) to come or go back from one place to another: I waited a long time for him to return. She’s returning to Australia tomorrow after six months in Europe. I returned from work to find the house empty. When did she return home from the trip? 2. return sb. /sth. (to sb. /sth.) to bring, give, put or send sth. back to sb/sth: We had to return the hairdryer to the store because it was faulty. I must return some books to the library. Don’t forget to return my pen! 3. to come back again, reappear, resurface: The following day the pain returned. Her suspicions returned when things started going missing again. 4. return (to sth.) to start discussing a subject you were discussing earlier, or doing an activity you were doing earlier: He returns to this topic later in the report. She looked up briefly then returned to her sewing. The doctor may allow her to return to work next week. 5. return to sth. to go back to a previous state: Train services have returned to normal after the strike. 6. to do or give sth. to sb. because they have done or given the same to you first; to have the same feeling about sb. that they have about you: to return a favor / greeting / stare, She phoned him several times but he was too busy to return her call. It’s time we returned their invitation (= invite them to sth. as they invited us to sth. first). He did not return her love. ‘You were both wonderful!’ ‘So were you!’ we said, returning the compliment. to return fire (= to shoot at sb. who is shooting at you)
9. explore
v. explore (sth.) (for sth.) to travel to or around an area or a country in order to learn about it: The city is best explored on foot. They explored the land to the south of the Murray river. As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to explore. companies exploring for (= searching for) oil 2. to examine sth. completely or carefully in order to find out more about it analyze: These ideas will be explored in more detail in chapter 7. 3. to feel sth. with your hands or another part of the body: She explored the sand with her toes.
10. blow
n. 1. forceful exhalation through the nose or mouth: He gave his nose a loud blow. 2. a powerful stroke with the fist or a weapon: A blow on the head.
v. cause air to go in, on, or through: Blow my hair dry. Blow one's nose. Blow a glass vase. Blow on the soup to cool it down. The leaves were blowing in the wind.
11. react
v. act against or in opposition to: She reacts negatively to everything I say. The hydrogen and the oxygen react.
12. solution
n. the successful action of solving a problem: The solution took three hours. The easy solution is to look it up in the handbook. They were trying to find a peaceful solution. He used a solution of peroxide and water.
13. mood
n. the prevailing psychological state: The national mood had changed radically since the last election.