2020年广西中考英语备考语法专题系列导学案：冠词（含答案）

第一部分 语法专题突破
专题三　冠　词
(6年5考)
考 点 精 讲
分析近6年柳州真题可知，冠词在单项选择和完形填空中共考查5次，其中a考查3次，an考查1次(2019.48)，the考查1次表特指(2017.50)。
1. 不定冠词a/an的用法(6年4考)
(1)基本用法
用法
示例
用于第一次提到的人或物前
I saw a boy over there. He was sleeping.
泛指某人或某物(6年3考)
A man is waiting for you at the gate.
表示类别，泛指某一类人或物
A horse is bigger than a rabbit.
用于指一类人或物中的任何一个，相当于any
I want to buy an English book.
表示数量“一”，相当于one或each
I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.
表示“每一”的意思，相当于every
once a week
200 kilometers an hour
用在such, quite, rather, half, what等词之后
such a busy day
half an hour
(2)含a的常用固定词组：
have a look看一看　　　 have a cold感冒
have a rest休息 have a try试一试
keep a diary记日记 take a walk散步
make a mistake 犯错
have a good/great time玩得愉快
in a hurry匆忙 in a word 总之
a little/few一点儿 a lot of许多
(3)不定冠词a和an的区别
①a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前。如： a pencil, a car
②an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。如：an apple tree, an interesting story
注：元/辅音音素≠元/辅音字母。判断一个单词前用a还是用an，要根据其首字母的读音，而不是首字母。
以下为初中常考的以元音字母开头的单词用a, an的情况：
A a
an apple/an artist/an aunt/an alien/an Asian country/an ancient story/ an American family
E e
an egg/an exciting job/a European country/an 8-year-old boy/an 11-year-old girl/an e-mail address
I i
an idea/an interesting story
O o
an orange/an old man/an outgoing girl/an Olympic star
U u
a “u”/a useful book/a university student/a UFO/a usual farmer
an umbrella/an ugly man/an uncle/an unusual story/an unhappy day
特别记
不规则：an honest boy/an hour
以元音音素开头的字母：a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x
2. 定冠词the的用法(2017.50)
(1)基本用法
用法
示例
用于谈话双方都知道的人或物前
Give me the book, please.
用于特指或上文已提到的人或物前(2017.50)
What is the girl's problem？[九(上)Module 6 P48]
用于表示西洋乐器的名词之前
play the piano/guitar
用于某些形容词前，表示一类人，在意义上常是复数
the rich
the poor
the old
用在姓氏的复数形式前，指一家人或夫妇
the Smiths
the Wangs
用于序数词及形容词或副词的最高级之前
the first lesson
the most beautiful student
用于表示世界上独一无二的东西前(如：江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等)
The earth goes around the sun.
the Pacific Ocean
the Yangtze River
用于由普通名词构成的一些表示机构、文娱场所、商店、设施等专有名词前
the Great Wall
the Science Museum
the Friendship Store
用于单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或事物
She thinks the dog is more useful than the cat.
与某些名词的所有格连用时，表示“在……处”
at the doctor's
(2)含the的常用固定词组：
in the morning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上
in the east/west/south/north在东/西/南/北方
in the end最终　　　　　　 all the time一直
at the moment现在 at the same time同时
by the way顺便问一句 go to the cinema去看电影
at the beginning of在……开始
at the end of在……结尾
3. 零冠词的用法(即：不用冠词)
(1)基本用法
用法
例词或例句
不可数名词或复数名词表泛指时
Animals can't live without water.
Horses are helpful animals.
某些专有名词(如：人名、地名、国家名等)前
Beijing　China
在一日三餐的名词前
have breakfast/lunch/supper
在语言、学科、球(棋)类、游戏等名词前
in Chinese
learn English
play basketball/football
年、月、季节、星期、节日前
in spring/summer/autumn/winter
June 1st is Children's Day.
与by连用的交通工具名词前
by plane/train/bus/bike...
名词前有所有格、物主代词、指示代词或不定代词等修饰时
This is Li Ming's room.
This book is hers.
用于感叹句结构“What＋adj.＋不可数名词！”
What bad weather it is today！
(2)常用固定词组：
at first/last首先/最后　　　 in time及时
in fact实际上 on time准时
go to school/work去上学/去工作
day and night日日夜夜 face to face面对面
side by side肩并肩 step by step一步一步地
综 合 提 升
柳州6年真题面对面(2014～2019)
1. (2016柳州36题)—What is this?
—It's __________ pencil.
A. the B. an C. a
2. (2014柳州32题)Look, there is ________ monkey in the tree.
A. a B. an C. the

6年真题精选
3. (2019北部湾经济区32题)I usually have ________ egg and some bread for breakfast.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. (2018百色26题)Alice is ________ honest girl. She never tells lies.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
5. (2018梧州26题)—What's this in English?
—It's ________ apple.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
6. (2014南宁27题)That 6-year-old girl is good at playing ________ piano.
A. an B. a C. / D. the
7. (2019贺州31题)Let's play ________ basketball after school.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
增补训练
8. There is ________ bottle on the table. Who left it here?
A. a B. an C. the
9. We'll have ________ one-day holiday. Let's go on a spring outing.
A. an B. a C. the
10. It's such ________ lovely panda that we all love it.
A. the B. an C. a
11. Can you see ________ sun at night?
A. a B. an C. the
12. I have ________ English dictionary and it helps me a lot.
A. the B. an C. a