2020年广西中考英语备考语法专题系列导学案：复合句（含答案）

第一部分 语法专题突破
专题十四　复合句
知识导图

考 点 精 讲 练
考点 1 宾语从句(6年6考)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
分析近6年柳州中考真题可知，宾语从句在单项选择中考查。考查的角度包括引导词(6年3考)、语序＋时态(2014.41)、语序(2016.45)和引导词＋句意(2015.44)。
在复合句中，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句叫作宾语从句。宾语从句主要有3大考点：语序、引导词和时态。
1. 语序
宾语从句中必须用陈述句语序，即引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他部分。如：
I don't know where　he　lives．
　　　　 ↓　　↓　　↓
　　 引导词　主语 谓语
2. 引导词
引导词
作用
例句
that
本身无意义，只起连接作用，口语中可省略
He said (that)he would go to the seaside.他说他要去海边。
连接代词(what/which/who/whose/whom等)
在从句中作一定的成分。如：作主语、宾语、定语等
I don't know what they are going to do. 我不知道他们打算干什么。
连接副词(when/where/why /how等)
在从句中作状语
I asked why she smiled at me that day.我问她为何那天朝着我笑。[八(下)Module 9 P76]
if/whether
意为“是否”，不作句子成分，不可省略，句尾有or not时用whether
Could I ask if you've mentioned this to her？我能问问你是否跟她说过这件事吗？[八(下)Module 9 P76]
I am not sure whether a computer repair shop can get the documents back.我不确定电脑维修店是否可以把文件找回来。[九(上)Module 6 P44]
3. 时态(遵循三大原则)
(1)需要性原则：主句是一般现在时，从句时态随句意。如：
I hear Joe left/will leave for Beijing yesterday/tomorrow.我听说乔昨天/明天(要)去北京(了)。
(2)呼应性原则：主句若是过去时(包括一般过去时、过去进行时), 从句用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。如：
Kate said she was shopping at this time yesterday.凯特说她昨天这个时候正在购物。
(3)特殊性原则：从句表示客观事实、真理、自然现象，用一般现在时，主句时态随句意。 如：
Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun. 胡老师说地球绕着太阳转。
注意：当有些疑问词作句子的主语时，问句本身就是陈述句语序，在变成宾语从句时，语序无需变化。
拓展　
(1)宾语从句的简化
当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn, ask, tell, show, teach等时， 从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
She doesn't know what she should do next.＝ She doesn't know what to do next. 她不知道下一步该做什么。
(2)宾语从句的否定前移
在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等时， 从句中表示否定意义的not应移到这些词之前。如：
I don't think you are right.我认为你是不对的。
(3)如果复合句中宾语从句很长， 那么可以用it作形式宾语， 以免句子头重脚轻。如：
He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.他很明确地说他更喜欢学英语。
【现学现用】
柳州6年真题(2014～2019)
1. (2017柳州36题)I'm sure ________ our team will win the match.
A. if B. that C. when
2. (2016柳州45题) Among the three top managers ________ to work in Germany?
A. who do you suppose will the boss send
B. who do you suppose the boss will send
C. who you suppose the boss will send
3. (2015柳州44题)—Do you know ________?
—Yes. It's a ball.
A. why she brought the box
B. what is in the box
C. how much the box is
4. (2014柳州41题) I have forgotten John's address. Do you know ________?
A. where will he live
B. where does he live
C. where he lives
广西6年真题精选
5. (2019北部湾经济区40题)—Do you know________?
—Yes, we'll take a bus there.
A. when we will go to the museum tomorrow
B. when will we go to the museum tomorrow
C. how we will go to the museum tomorrow
D. how will we go to the museum tomorrow
6. ( 2019百色34题)—I want to know________ we will have the meeting.
—Maybe in the classroom.
A. where B. when C. who D. whether
7. (2019玉林35题)—Ben, could you tell me ________?
—He's my cousin from Shenzhen.
A. who he is B. where is he
C. who is he D. where he is
8. (2019贵港44题)—Could you please tell me ________?
—Yes. He went there by plane last week.
A. where Mr.Brown will go
B. how Mr.Brown went to Beijing
C. how long Mr.Brown has been in Beijing
D. when did Mr.Brown go to Beijing
9. (2018玉林35题)—Here are the jobs for you, young man.
—Thank you. Could I choose ________?
A. what I like to do most
B. what I liked to do most
C. what do I like to do most
D. what did I like to do most
10. (2014桂林38题)—Please tell me ________ you want to have a picnic with us.
—I'd love to come. Thank you!
A. why B. if C. that
增补训练
11. Do you know ________ to save the Earth？If we don't take action, it will be worse and worse.
A. why B. whether C. how
12. I hear Tom lives here, but I'm not sure ________．
A. which room he lives in
B. which room does he live in
C. what room he lives in
13. Tom didn't listen carefully, so he failed to hear ________．
A. what the teacher said
B. what did the teacher say
C. what the teacher will say
14. Mr. Jackson hasn't decided ________ this weekend.
A. where he will have a picnic
B. where will he have a picnic
C. where he had a picnic
15. He wanted to know ________ the English party.
A. when will we have
B. when we will have
C. when we would have
考点 2 定语从句(6年5考) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
分析近6年柳州中考真题可知，定语从句为高频考点，主要考查that(2018.40)，who(6年3考)和which(2014.43)。
在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或某一句子并起定语作用的从句叫定语从句。定语从句置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后，被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。
1. 基本结构
2. 关系代词的用法(6年5考)
关系词
作用
先行词
例句
that, who, whom
作主语、宾语、表语
人
Do you know the girl who/that has got an “A” in the exam？你认识在考试中得“A”的那个女孩吗？
that，which
主语、宾语、表语
物
She got a computer that/which her parents bought for her.她有一台电脑，这台电脑是她父母给她买的。
whose
作定语
人、物
The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.父亲是医生的那个男孩学习非常刻苦。
The room whose window is open is mine.开着窗户的那个房间是我的。
3. 关系副词的用法
关系词
作用
先行词
例句
when
作状语
时间
I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。
where
作状语
地点
You can't have a society where everyone works in an office.你不可能拥有这样的社会：所有人都在一间办公室里工作。[九(下)Module 8 P68]
why
作状语
原因
Could you explain the reason why you were late？你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗？
4. 特殊用法
(1)只能用that的情况：
①先行词既有人又有物时。如：I've never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now. 我从来没听说过你刚刚谈论的人和事。
②先行词是all, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时。如：
Tom told his mother all that had happened.汤姆把发生的一切告诉了他的妈妈。
She didn't forget anything that her mother had told her to buy.她没忘记妈妈让她买的任何东西。
③先行词被the only, the very或the last 等修饰时。如：This is the only book that I can find.这就是我能找到的唯一的一本书。
④先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：These roses are to thank three groups of people for the three most important things that I have learnt.这些玫瑰是为了感谢三组人，因为(从他们那里)我学到了最重要的三件事。[九(下)Module 8 P68]
He was the first that gave us some useful advice. 他是第一个给我们一些有用的建议的人。
(2)只能用which的情况：
①关系代词放在介词之后。如：This is the factory in which we once worked. 这就是我们曾经工作过的工厂。
②非限制性定语从句中。如：This is a famous book, which was written by Lu Xun.这是鲁迅写的一本有名的书。
【现学现用】
柳州6年真题(2014～2019)
16. (2018柳州40题)This is the most exciting match ________ I have ever watched.
A. who B. which C. that
17. (2017柳州38题)John is the boy ________ saved the little girl from the fire.
A. when B. where C. who
18. (2016柳州40题)Mr. Smith was the only one of the writers ________ invited to the meeting.
A. who was B. who were C. which was
19. (2015柳州45题)A friend is a person ________ you know very well and like very much.　
A. who B. which C. whose
20. (2014柳州43题)Do you still remember the wonderful days in the countryside ________ we spent together?
A. which B. where C. when
广西其他地市6年真题精选
21. (2016百色38题)I have a pen pal ________ mother works in Beijing University.
A. whose B. which C. who D. whom
22. (2016钦州37题)A friend is a person ________ you know very well and like.
A. / B. which C. what D. whatever
23. (2014钦州39题)The boy ________ is wearing a pair of sunglasses looks so cool.
A. which B. whose C. who D. when
24. (2016防城港30题)—What kind of TV shows do you prefer?
—I like the ones________ make me laugh.
A. who B. whom C. that D. what
增补训练
25. Do you know the man ________ is talking to Miss Wu?
A. where B. who　　　　 C. which
26. She is the girl ________ invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A. who B. that C. whose
27. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ________ his family lived ten years ago.
A. when B. which C. where
28. We are talking about the piano and the pianist ______were in the concert last night.
A. that B. which C. who
考点 3 状语从句(2015.37)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
分析近6年柳州中考真题可知，状语从句仅考查过1次“主将从现”。中考对状语从句的考查主要有两个角度：从属连词的辨析和主从句时态的判断。这些均在前面的专题进行了讲解，此处只作简单罗列。
状语从句在复合句中修饰主句、主句中的动词等。状语从句由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开，位于句末时，其前一般不用逗号。
1. 从属连词
表时间
when当……时候， while正当……时， after在……之后， before在……之前， until直到……， since自从， as soon as 一……就……
表条件
if如果， unless除非，如果不， in case万一， once一旦
表让步
though虽然， although尽管， even though/if即使
表原因
because因为， since既然， as由于
表结果
so/such...that如此……以至于
表目的
so that/in order that为了……
2. 时态(2015.37)
(1)“主祈从现”：若主句是以be, do, let, don't, never开头的祈使句，则从句用一般现在时。如：
Be careful when you cross the road.你过马路时要小心。
(2)“主情从现”：若主句中含有can, may, must, should等情态动词，则从句用一般现在时。如：
You can get good grades if you study hard.如果你努力学习，你就能取得好成绩。
(3)“主将从现”：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。 如：
He will write to me as soon as he gets to America.他一到美国就会给我写信。
【现学现用】
柳州6年真题面对面(2014～2019)
29. (2015柳州37 题)________ your article carefully, some mistakes can be avoided.
A. Check B. If you check C. Checking
广西其他地市6年真题精选
30. (2019河池35题)We wonder if our parents will come to our graduating party next weekend. If they ________， we'll be very glad.
A. come B. comes C. are coming D. will come
31. (2018北部湾经济区40题)As soon as she ________in Nanning, she will call you.
A. arrives B. arrive C. will arrive D. arrived
32. (2017北部湾经济区37题)If he ________ Guilin, he'll probably go to Yangshuo.
A. visits B. is visiting C. will visit D. has visited
增补训练
33. I'll go to visit my aunt in England as soon as the summer holiday________．
A. will start B. start C. starts
34. When you________ at a restaurant, please order just enough food.
A. ate B. will eat C. eat
35. —I'm afraid the meeting has begun.
—Don't worry. It won't begin until the bell________．
A. rings B. will ring C. has rung