2020高考复习英语试题特点及备考（一 ） 共41张PPT
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| 名称 | 2020高考复习英语试题特点及备考（一 ） 共41张PPT |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-02-26 18:10:39 | ||
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(共41张PPT)
高考英语试题特点及备考
特殊背景下的高考
今年高考四十年来最特殊！新考纲、新题型、新考点、新形势！（从未让人如此心慌）
78年恢复高考至今41个年头：
78、79、80年：恢复高考，知青改变命运的唯一途径（老三届 政商领军人物）
98年 高考10年 大学收费 取消分配
99年扩招 拉动内需 扩招百分之五十
04年 分省命题 全国卷 地方卷
16年大规模恢复全国用卷 考试中心
2020年 百年变局 中美贸易 香港波动 热点战乱 军备竞赛 新冠状病毒
旧高考向新高考 高考推迟？降低难度？2003非典高考数学难死人
特殊背景下的新变化
2020高考新动向
新用法
1.试题所选文章语言地道、特点鲜明，突出对词类的活用。如，age常用作名词，表示“年龄”，全国卷Ⅰ七选五考查其动词用法，表示“使显老，使变老”。
2.不影响对文章整体意思理解的超纲名词不再给出注释，考纲词汇的派生词也有增多的趋势。如：demanding苛求的，要求高的；commercialize商业化；等等。
3.出现大量的地道短语和句式。如whispersupport（全国Ⅰ卷），off the hook for（全国Ⅱ卷）。
特殊背景下的新变化
新设计 1.阅读理解第一节中设问方式变化：以往多为完整问句形式，2019年全国Ⅰ卷中阅读理解B篇第26题采用不完整题干形式，该篇中有3道题对不同段落进行设题。
2.阅读理解第二节（七选五）中选项设置形式变化：以往有半句式命题形式，2019年全国三套卷中都是整句的设题模式。
3.语用第一节（完形填空）中语篇文体变化：2019年全国Ⅰ卷和Ⅲ卷完形填空的体裁改变了多年来以记叙文为主的考查形式，全国Ⅰ卷采用了夹叙夹议、以议论为主的文章，全国Ⅲ卷采用了说明文。
4.语用第二节（语法填空）考点命制变化：考纲中的语法项目表并不包含同位语，而2019年全国Ⅰ卷考查了同位语从句的连接词that。
新导向 1.倡导健康生活，提高健康意识。全国三套卷选用了多篇有关身心健康与和谐人际关系的文章。
2.美育悄然渗透，重视审美情趣。通过在试题情境中融入中华优秀传统文化和美育知识，引导考生关注和提高审美情趣。
3.倡导职业规划，培养劳动意识。选取的语篇以积极工作为切入点，提倡职业规划，宣传劳动精神，引导考生培养劳动意识
2020北京命题工作通气会精神
命题依据：英语学科教学指导意见 英语课程标准 2020年考试大纲
2020试题结构、难度保持稳定；命题要求和理念有所提高
考核目标和要求：主题语境：人与自我、人与自然、人与社会
词汇：新课标词汇3500
命题理念：以情景任务为重要依托、以语言能力为主要推动力、以学以致用为直接导向、以核心素养为最终目标
路径：一个抓手 语言能力
两个着力点 语言理解能力、语音表达能力
三个核心要素 交际、任务（情景）、意义
2020“一核四层四翼”的高考评价体系
“一核四层四翼”的高考评价体系涵盖了考查目的、考查内容和考查要求
“一核”为考查目的，即“立德树人、服务选才、引导教学”，是对素质教育中高考核心功能的概括，回答“为什么考”的问题；
“四层”为考查内容，即“必备知识、关键能力、学科素养、核心价值”，是素质教育目标在高考内容中的提炼，回答“考什么”的问题；
“四翼”为考查要求，即“基础性、综合性、应用性、创新性”，是素质教育的评价维度在高考中的体现，回答“怎么考”的问题。
“一核”考查目的：立德树人、服务选才、引导教学
“四层” 考查内容：必备知识、关键能力、学科素养、核心价值
“四翼”考查要求：基础性、综合性、应用行、创新性
一、课程标准、考试大纲和考试说明的关系
《课程标准》的颁布对高考改革产生的影响： ①课程内容的变化。教材由必修和选修两部分组成，较好地适应了不同地区学生发展的需求，体现了课程结构的均衡性、综合性和选择性，体现了关注学生的个性发展。②学习方式的变化。新课改的主要目的之一是培养学生主动学习与探究的能力。③强调综合素质培养与多元评价。学生的综合素质评价纳入到高考录取依据中。④减轻学生的课业负担。课程改革就是要改变原课程体系内容“偏、难、繁、旧”和过于注重书本知识的状况，加强课程内容与学生生活以及现代社会和科技发展的关系，关注学生的学习兴趣，培养终发展必备的基础知识和技能。
《考试大纲》依据《普通高中英语课程标准》确定本学科的考试内容。要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1-5），要求词汇量为3500左右。
《考试说明》的指导思想：1、命题以教育部《普通高中英语课程标准》为依据，结合各省的教学实际。2、在考查基础知识和基本技能的同时，侧重考查综合语言运用能力，特别是运用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决实际问题的能力。3、不孤立考查语言知识，而是把语言知识放在各种语境中考查。4、试题应有较高的信度、效度、适当的难度和必要的区分度。基于考生的实际情况，从《课程标准》中精选了2500个左右的单词, 作为高考命题的词汇范围。
二、新课标全国卷的变化：
1、听力部分为30分（略） 2、阅读理解：前四篇阅读理解与大纲全国卷I相同（30分）、第五篇为任务型阅读理解题（10分）
3、完形填空 4、语篇应用（短文填空、短文改错和书面表达 ）
试卷的调整凸现对综合语言运用能力的考查，七选五任务型阅读理解比传统的阅读理解的难度稍微降低，但是更重视对考生的逻辑推理能力的考查，短文改错的难度有所加大。
任务型阅读理解
考查考生整体理解短文的能力，能够结合上下文 进行逻辑推理，还原文中缺少的信息，整体难度不大。
语篇题（短文填空、短文改错和短文写作）
考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性， 测试考生发现和纠正短文中的错误的能力。
错误涉及词法、句法、语篇结构及行文逻辑等。
考生在对语篇理解的基础上，运用所学语言知识 解决实际语言问题。
新课标全国卷的特点
1、基于课程标准和考试大纲，以能力立意为核心
2、试题保持基本稳定，在稳定中求发展和创新
阅读理解难度增加
语篇应用考察基础
保持了试卷的稳定性。
3、试题立足“双基”，注重能力，突出应用
4、内容紧跟时代，贴近社会生活，体现丰富的文化
内涵
5、突出了对语用能力和交际能力的考查
6、关注测试内容的教育意义，关注考生的思维能力
（一）听力 略
提醒：做与不做？如何应对？
三、新课标全国卷试卷分析
（二）完形填空（选拔题 有难度）
旨在考查学生的综合语言运用能力，以语篇信息为基础，以文章的脉络为主线，根据上下文的内在联系和逻辑关系，正确地还原短文中缺少的信息。特点是：记叙为主，叙议结合，主题明确，首句完整，考查语境，定位语篇，实词为主，虚词为辅。
【设空的词类分布】
词类 题量 比例
动词 10 50%
名词 7 35%
形容词 3 15%
平均分15，难度系数0.50
（1）没有读懂文章的意思，没有接受作者传递出的信息，没有把握文章的主旨大意，造成理解出现了偏差；
In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory science course about 20 years ago. The professor marched into the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans, and invited the students to guess how many beans the jar contained. After listening to shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the correct answer, and went on saying, “You have just learned an important lesson about science. That is: Never trust your own senses.”
【问题】
（2）没有完全把握短文上下文的逻辑关系；
Twenty years later, the woman could guess what the professor had in mind. He 44 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting voyage into an unknown world invisible(无形的）to the eyes, which can be discovered only through scientific method. But the 17-year-old girl could not accept or even 48 the invitation. She was just beginning to understand the world. And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the truth. The professor, however, said that it was 52 . He was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute(替代).
44.A . served B. saw C. described D. respected
50.A.believed B. doubted C. proved D. explained
53. A. task B. tool C. success D. connection
54. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave
（3）对所给的四个选项的词义理解不到位，不知道怎么区别和选择；
（4）没有找到上下文中有效的解题线索，选择缺乏依据，想当然；
“I remember feeling small and 54 ,” The woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 55 the course the afternoon,
54. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave
55．A. dropped B. started C. passed D. missed
and I haven’t gone near
science since.”
高考实 分析如下
体裁为记叙文。讲述一位八十多岁的老人与老伴相濡以沫的故事。一位老人来到医院治疗，他看着表对医生说，在9:30他要去养老院和他的老伴儿一起吃早饭。老伴儿因患老年痴呆症，一直住在养老院。虽然，她已经不认出他了，可是五年来他坚持每天早晨去看她，和她一起吃早饭。这个故事说明了人生真谛是：在婚姻生活中，真正的爱就是全部的包容。
考查项目 题量 比例
动词 7 35%
名词 5 25%
形容词 2 10%
副词 5 25%
连词 1 5%
考查的重点是动词、名词、形容词和副词，偶见连词
【2010年完形填空设空的词类分布】
It was a busy morning，about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital .I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for all appointment(约会)at 9:30.The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37 him it would be at least 40 minutes 38 someone would be able to see him I saw him 39 his watch and decided，since I was 40 busy—my patient didn’t 41 at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound .While taking care of his wound．I asked him if he had another doctor’s appointment
The gentleman said no and told me that he 42 to go to the nursing home to eat
breakfast with his 43 .He told me that she had been 44 for a while and that she had a
special disease I asked if she would be 45 if he was a bit late. He replied that she 46
knew who he was，that she had not been able t0 47 him for five years now.
I was 48 ,and asked him，“And you 49 go every morning，even though she doesn’t know who you are?”
He smiled and said．“She doesn’t know me but I know who she is” I had to hold back50 as he left.
Now I 51 that in marriages，true love is 52 of all that is The happiest people don’t 53 have the best of everything；they just 54 the best of everything they have 55 isn’t about how to live through the storm，but how to dance in the rain.
36 A breath B.test C seat D break
37 A persuading B promising C understanding D telling
38 A if B before C since D after
39 A taking off B．fixing C looking at D winding
40．A very B also C seldom D not
41 A turn up B show off C come on D go away
42 A needed B forgot C agreed D happened
43 A daughter B wife C mother D sister
44 A. late B well C around D.there
45 A lonely B worried C doubtful D hungry
46 A so far B neither C no longer D already
47 A recognize B answer C believe D expect
48 A moved B disappointed C surprised D satisfied
49 A only B.then C.thus D still
50．A curiosity B tears C words D judgment
51 A realize B suggest C hope D prove
52 A agreement B expression C acceptance D exhibition
53 A necessarily B completely C．naturally D frequently
54 A. learn B make C.favor D.try
55 A Adventure B Beauty C Trust D Life
CDBCD AABDB CACDB ABABD
难度系数0.7以上 难度系数0.5-0.69 难度系数0.49以下
题号与分值 总分 题号与分值 总分 题号与分值 总分
37，39，43，47，49，51，55 10.5 36，38，40，42，44，45，46，48，50 13.5 41，52，53，54 6
完形填空易、中、难题分布情况
体裁是记叙文。讲述了著名的英语小说《金银岛》一书背后鲜为人知的故事：人们一直认为《金银岛》一书是作家史蒂文森凭空想象出来的。然而，一项研究披露了这部作品出笼的细节：苏格兰人史蒂文森多年旅居国外。1881年，他携带妻子和儿子从美国回国度假。由于天一直下着雨，他们被迫呆在宾馆。为了让儿子有事可作，他就让儿子随便画画。一天早上，儿子拿着一张画有岛屿的作品来找父亲，他在岛中画了一个十字，说那里埋藏有珍宝。于是，一部激动人心探险小说的轮廓在史蒂文森的脑中形成了。
再看一高考实例完形填空
考查项目 题量 比例
名词 8 40%
动词 7 35%
副词 3 15%
形容词 2 10%
考查的重点是动词、名词、形容词和副词
【2009年完形填空设空的词类分布】
【备考策略】
1、多积累常用单词、词组、习语和句型。熟记动词、名词、形容词和副词的同义词、近义词的辨析。
2、加强训练，提高篇章意识；培养逻辑思维能力；增加阅读量，感受英美文化，培养英语思维方式和语感
3、精选练习，进行有针对性的专题训练。指导学生 找出解题的线索，联系上下文顺藤摸瓜，确定答案。
4、系统地对学生进行阅读技巧的训练，掌握不同的英语文体的写作特点和技巧，正确把握文章主旨大意。
5、训练正确的做题方法：先快速阅读去掉空格后的短文，弄懂文意；然后边读文章边填空。选出答案后，要重读一遍短文，看整篇文章的故事情节是否连贯、作者前后的语气是否一致，正确把握文章的内在逻辑性，最后确定答案。
.【完形填空 高频词汇】
动词?
1.“看”： look; see; watch; observe; notice; catch sight of; stare; glare; glance; glimpse; see a film; watch TV
2. “说”： telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth;?say sth;? talk with sb about sth;?speak in English;?
whisper sth to sb; inform sb of sth; reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth; bargain; chat; repeat; explain; warn; remind; discuss; debate; figure; declare; claim; mention; admit; deny; describe; announce; introduce; complain
3. “叫”： cry; call; shout; scream; moan; sigh; quarrel
4. “问”： ask; interview; express; question
5. “答”： answer; respond; reply
6. “听”： listen to; hear; pick up; overhear
7. “笑”： smile; laugh; burst into laughter; burst out laughing
8. “哭”： cry; shed tears; weep; sob; burst into tears /burst out crying
9. “吃/喝”： eat/drink; sip; have a meal; have supper; toast; taste; treat sb to; help oneself to
10. “穿”： put on; wear; have on; be dressed in; make up; get changed; be in red; take off ; remove
11. “行”： walk ; run ; climb; jump; skip; slip; come/go; enter; move; drive; ride; fly; crawl
12. “坐”： sit down; be seated; seat oneself; take a seat，stand; lean
13. “睡/休息”： lie /on one’s back/on one's side/ on one’s stomach; stay in bed; have a rest; take a nap; be asleep; bend; turn over; rest
14. “写”： dictate; write sth; describe; drop a line; draw; take down/write down
15. “拿/放”：? take; bring; hold; carry; fetch; lif; put; lay; pull; push
16. “抓”： take hold of; seize; grasp; scratch
17. “打”： hit; beat; strike; blow; attack
18. “扔”： throw; drop; fall; wave; shake
19. “送”： send; deliver; give; offer; see off
20. “摸/抱”： ouch; fold; embrace; hug; hold; in one’s arms
21. “踢/碰”： kick; knock; tip
22. “找/查”：
find; look for; find out; discover/explore; hunt for; search for;seek,seek for in search of; search sb; search sp. for sth; check; examine; test; inspect
23. “得”： get; obtain; acquire; gain; possess
24. “失”： lose; be lost /be missing/gone; great loss
25. “有”： have; own; conquer; occupy；possess
26. “无”： nothing left; the remaining thing; disappear; be missing /gone
.【完形填空 高频词汇】
动词? 27. “增/减”： rise / go up,drop; raise; bring down /reduce; increase/decrease
28. “买/卖”： buy; purchase; afford; pay; pay off ; pay for; sell; on sale; bargain; bill / cheque / cash/credit card/notes/coins; discounts
29. “存在/消失”： come into being; exist; appear; survive ; live; show; turn up; disappear; die; die out; pass away; be out of sight
30. “变化”： develop; improve ; become; grow; go+ bad /wrong/ sour;turn + colour; change /change into; reform
31. “成功/失败”： make it; succeed; make progress; come true; realize one’s dream; win; lose; fail to do; defeat; suffer loss; beat; turn sth. into reality
32. “努力”： try /manage; make efforts; attempt ; do one's best; do as much as one can to do
33. 祝贺： congratulate sb. on sth.; celebrate; observe; get together
34. 敬佩： admire; respect; show respect for/to; adore; envy ;be jealousy
35. 赞美/批评： praise; think highly of; blame sb for sth; sb is to blame; criticize /scold sb. for sth.; have a low opinion of sb; speak ill of
36. 喜/恶： like; love; be fond of ; be keen on; be crazy about; adore; be into; prefer; enjoy; dislike hate; ignore
37. 到达： arrive at; reach; return to; get to; stay in sp.; visit; leave; leave for
38. 受伤： hurt ; injure; wound; cut; kill; drown; bleed; get burnt; suffer from; suffer a loss
39. 损坏： damage; destroy; ruin; break down; crash; be broken
40. 修复：? repair; rebuild; restore; fix; recover oneself
41. “认识的过程” ： feel; sense; guess; suppose; wonder; doubt; know /learn realize understand remember; be familiar with; recall; recite; apply to
42. 认为;判断： think; believe; consider; find; feel; conclude; infer; doubt
43. 想/考虑： think of…as...; think about; consider; think over
44. 支持/反对： agree; disagree; accept; receive; refuse; turn down; be against; elect; vote for/ against
.【完形填空 高频词汇】
动词45. 花费：
sth/doing sth+cost; sb+spend+ (in) doing sth; sb+afford +n/to do sth ; It +takes/took some time/ money/energy to do sth; sb pay some money for sth.
46. 省/存钱： save /save up; set aside; put away
47. 参加： take part in; join /join in; attend; compete in/ for/against
48. 控告：
accuse sb. of; charge sb. with
49. 救治/帮助：? help /help out; save /rescue sb from sth.; treat; cure sb. of sth; aid sb in doing sth / to do sth; help sb with sth;assist sb in doing sth
50. 逃避： run away; escape from; flee; hide
51. 阻止/禁止： prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth; forbid doing sth.; ban; prohibit
52. 对付/处理： handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth ; solve; settle
53. 效仿： copy; imitate; learn from; learn
54. 爆发/发生： come about; happen to; take place; break out; burst out; go off; explode
55. 安装/装备： fasten; fix; set; equip; be armed with; be equipped with
56. 追求： pursuit; ran after; seek after; chase; catch up with; keep up with
57. 建议： advise; suggest; recommend; propose; urge; demand; persuade
58. 打算： plan / intend / design to do; be going to do /be about to do /will do
59. 似乎/好象： seem; appear; look like;as if /as though
60. 开办/关闭： open; start; set up; close/close up; end; close down
动词? ?
1.“看”： ?look; see; watch; observe; notice; catch sight of; stare; glare; glance; glimpse; see a film; watch TV ?
2. “说”： ?telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth;?say sth;? ?talk with sb about sth;?speak in English;? ?whisper sth to sb; inform sb of sth; reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth; bargain; chat; repeat; explain; warn; remind; discuss; debate; figure; declare; claim; mention; admit; deny; describe; announce; introduce; complain ?
3. “叫”： ?cry; call; shout; scream; moan; sigh; quarrel ?
4. “问”： ?ask; interview; express; question ?
5. “答”： ?answer; respond; reply ?
6. “听”： ?listen to; hear; pick up; overhear ?
7. “笑”： ?smile; laugh; burst into laughter; burst out laughing ?
?8. “哭”： ?cry; shed tears; weep; sob; burst into tears /burst out crying ?
9. “吃/喝”： ?eat/drink; sip; have a meal; have supper; toast; taste; treat sb to; help oneself to ?
10. “穿”： ?put on; wear; have on; be dressed in; make up; get changed; be in red; take off ; remove ?
11. “行”： ?walk ; run ; climb; jump; skip; slip; come/go; enter; move; drive; ride; fly; crawl ?
12. “坐”： ?sit down; be seated; seat oneself; take a seat，stand; lean ?
13. “睡/休息”： ?
?lie /on one’s back/on one's side/ on one’s stomach; stay in bed; have a rest; take a nap; be asleep; bend; turn over; rest ?
14. “写”： ?
dictate; write sth; describe; drop a line; draw; take down/write down ?
15. “拿/放”：? ?
take; bring; hold; carry; fetch; lif; put; lay; pull; push ?
16. “抓”： ?
take hold of; seize; grasp; scratch ?
17. “打”： ?
hit; beat; strike; blow; attack ?
18. “扔”： ?
throw; drop; fall; wave; shake ?
19. “送”： ?
send; deliver; give; offer; see off ?
20. “摸/抱”： ?
ouch; fold; embrace; hug; hold; in one’s arms ?
21. “踢/碰”： ?
kick; knock; tip ?
22. “找/查”： ?
find; look for; find out; discover/explore; hunt for; search for;seek,seek for in search of; search sb; search sp. for sth; check; examine; test; inspect ?
23. “得”： ?
get; obtain; acquire; gain; possess ?
24. “失”： ?
lose; be lost /be missing/gone; great loss ?
25. “有”： ?
have; own; conquer; occupy；possess ?
26. “无”： ?
nothing left; the remaining thing; disappear; be missing /gone ?
27. “增/减”： ?
rise / go up,drop; raise; bring down /reduce; increase/decrease ?
28. “买/卖”： ?
buy; purchase; afford; pay; pay off ; pay for; sell; on sale; bargain; bill / cheque / cash/credit card/notes/coins; discounts ?
29. “存在/消失”： ?
come into being; exist; appear; survive ; live; show; turn up; disappear; die; die out; pass away; be out of sight ?
30. “变化”： ?
develop; improve ; become; grow; go+ bad /wrong/ sour;turn + colour; change /change into; reform ?
?
31. “成功/失败”： ?
make it; succeed; make progress; come true; realize one’s dream; win; lose; fail to do; defeat; suffer loss; beat; turn sth. into reality ?
32. “努力”： ?
try /manage; make efforts; attempt ; do one's best; do as much as one can to do ?
33. 祝贺： ?
congratulate sb. on sth.; celebrate; observe; get together ?
34. 敬佩： ?
admire; respect; show respect for/to; adore; envy ;be jealousy ?
35. 赞美/批评： ?
praise; think highly of; blame sb for sth; sb is to blame; criticize /scold sb. for sth.; have a low opinion of sb; speak ill of ?
36. 喜/恶： ?
like; love; be fond of ; be keen on; be crazy about; adore; be into; prefer; enjoy; dislike hate; ignore ?
37. 到达： ?
arrive at; reach; return to; get to; stay in sp.; visit; leave; leave for ?
38. 受伤： ?
hurt ; injure; wound; cut; kill; drown; bleed; get burnt; suffer from; suffer a loss ?
?
39. 损坏： ?
damage; destroy; ruin; break down; crash; be broken ?
40. 修复：? ?
repair; rebuild; restore; fix; recover oneself ?
41. “认识的过程” ： ?
feel; sense; guess; suppose; wonder; doubt; know /learn realize understand remember; be familiar with; recall; recite; apply to ?
42. 认为;判断： ?
think; believe; consider; find; feel; conclude; infer; doubt ?
43. 想/考虑： ?
think of…as...; think about; consider; think over ?
44. 支持/反对： ?
agree; disagree; accept; receive; refuse; turn down; be against; elect; vote for/ against ?
45. 花费： ?
sth/doing sth+cost; sb+spend+ (in) doing sth; sb+afford +n/to do sth ; It +takes/took some time/ money/energy to do sth; sb pay some money for sth. ?
46. 省/存钱： ?
save /save up; set aside; put away ?
47. 参加： ?
take part in; join /join in; attend; compete in/ for/against ?
48. 控告： ?
accuse sb. of; charge sb. with ?
49. 救治/帮助：? ?
help /help out; save /rescue sb from sth.; treat; cure sb. of sth; aid sb in doing sth / to do sth; help sb with sth;assist sb in doing sth ?
50. 逃避： ?
run away; escape from; flee; hide ?
51. 阻止/禁止： ?
prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth; forbid doing sth.; ban; prohibit ?
52. 对付/处理： ?
handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth ; solve; settle ?
53. 效仿： ?
copy; imitate; learn from; learn ?
54. 爆发/发生： ?
come about; happen to; take place; break out; burst out; go off; explode ?
55. 安装/装备： ?
fasten; fix; set; equip; be armed with; be equipped with ?
56. 追求： ?
pursuit; ran after; seek after; chase; catch up with; keep up with ?
57. 建议： ?
advise; suggest; recommend; propose; urge; demand; persuade ?
?
58. 打算： ?
plan / intend / design to do; be going to do /be about to do /will do ?
59. 似乎/好象： ?
seem; appear; look like;as if /as though ?
60. 开办/关闭： ?
open; start; set up; close/close up; end; close down ?
?名词?? ?
1. 假期 ?
vacation，holiday，spring break，leave，two days off ?
2. 旅游 ?
trip，journey， tour，voyage， travel，tourist，passenger? ?
3. 职务人员 ?
clerk，secretary，passer-by friend，minister，manager，waitress，guest，host，hostess，assistant，customer，adult，neighbor，relative，patient，vet，staff，crew，nurse，teacher，conductor，tailor，sailor，inventor，gardener，guard ?
4. 餐馆/定餐/就餐 ?
inn，restaurant，kitchen，menu，bill，order，tip，fork and knife，reserve /book table，taste delicious，salad，vegetables，fruit，tray，napkin ?
5. 诊所/看病/服药 ?
clinic，hospital，take one’s temperature，take medicine/pills，have a fever/flu/headache，doctor，physician，surgeon，specialist，patient ?
?
6. 车站/机场 ?
airport，on board，miss the train/bus，catch a train，meet sb. ?
7. 身体部位 ?
arm，head，hair，brain，waist，back，shoulder，pulse，wrist ?
8. 意志 ?
will，courage，patience，determination，faith，effort，confidence，ambition，energy ?
9. 才能/品质 ?
talent，gift，ability，potential，intelligent，promising，smart，stupid，careful，proud，strict，honest，cold，serious，easy-going，learned，knowledgeable ?
10. 优缺点 ?
advantage，disadvantage，strength，weakness，merit，drawback, strong point，shortcoming ?
11. 目标 ?
aim，goal，intention，purpose，belief，faith ?
12. 方式 ?
means，method，way，manner，approach ?
13. 身体素质 ?
strong，weak，pale，sick，ill，well，slim，fit，cut weight，put on weight ?
?
14. 图表 ?
photo，picture，graph，drawing，table，line/bar graph， pie chart，draw a sketch（划草图） ?
15. 文章 ?
reading，translation，essay，poem，paper，novel，fiction article，magazine，newspaper，journal，diary，files ?
16. 课堂 ?
class，course，lecture，example，reason，message，notes，words，phrase，scholarship，degree，subject，question，trouble，difficulty，grades，comment，marks ?
17. 学校活动 ?
match，game，activity，hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony ?
18. 建议/观点 ?
advice，suggestion，idea，proposal，view，recommandation ?
19. 气候/天气 ?
climate，weather，storm，wind，cloud，rain，snow，hotness，coldness，heat，warmth ?
20. 交通 ?
by train/bus /boat bike，on the train/bus /a bike，drive a car，ride a bike，give sb. a lift/ride ?
21. 习惯 ?
habit，custom，practice（惯例） ?
?
22. 感觉 ?
sight，hearing，touch，smell，taste，sense ?
23. 情感 ?
feeling，emotion，anger，delight，sadness，sorrow ?
24. 财富 ?
money，possessions，wealth，belongings，fortunes，treasure，diamond ?
25. 运动比赛 ?
playground，track and filed，pitch，event，game，match，sports，player，coach，judge，jogging，weightlifting，volleyball，soccer ?
形容词和副词? ?
1. immediate?adj 立即的，立刻的，马上 ?
2. clear?adj 清楚的，清晰的 ?
3.cautious?adj 小心翼翼的 ?
4.vivid?adj 生动的，逼真的 ?
5.exactly?adv ①确切地,精确地 ②恰好地,正好地 ③ (用于答语)完全正确。（的确这样） ?
6.fortunately?adv 幸运地 ?
7.surprisingly?adv 令人惊讶的 ?
8.hardly?adv 几乎不 ?
9.instead?adv 代替，相反 ?
10. properly?adv 适当地；正确地；恰当地 ?
11. specially?adv 专门 ?
12.reliable?adj 可靠的，可信赖的 ?
13.simply?adv 简单地；仅仅，只不过 ?
14.namely?adv 即，也就是 ?
15.not nearly = far from = nowhere near? ?
? ? ? 远非，远远不，一点也不 ?
16.patient?adj 耐心的；n 病人 ?
17.plain?adj 简单的，朴素的 ?
18.familiar?adj 熟悉的 ?
19.lucky?adj 幸运的 ?
20.amazing?adj 令人惊异的 ?
21.accidentally?adv ①偶然地;意外地 ②附带地 ?
22.silent?adj 沉默的 ?
23.calm?adj 平静的，冷静的 ?
24.secret?adj 秘密的 ?
25.otherwise?adv 否则 ?
26.meanwhile?adv 期间，同时 ?
27.besides?adv 除…..以外还有 ?
28.efficient?adj 高效的，有效的 ?
29. flexible?adj 灵活的 ?
30.complex?adj 复杂的 ?
31.smooth?adj 平稳的，光滑的，顺利的? ?
32.regularly?adv 定期的，有规律的 ?
33.sensitive?adj 敏感的，体贴的 ?
34.honest?adj 诚实的 ?
35.confident?adj 自信的 ?
36.shy?adj 害羞的，羞涩的 ?
37.thoughtful?adj ①深思的,沉思的②富有思想的;经认真推敲的 ?
38.lighthearted and optimistic?adj 无忧无虑而且非常乐观的 ?
39.nevertheless?adj 然而 ?
40.private?adj 私人的(private cars) ?
41.personal?adj 个人的(personal belongings) ?
42.unique?adj 唯一的,独一无二的;独特的 ?
43.favorable?adj 赞同的，有利的 ?
44.precious?adj 宝贵的，珍贵的 ?
45.essential?adj 必要的，重要的 ?
46.worthwhile?adj 值得的 ?
47.physical?adj 身体的，物理的 ?
48.sudden?adj 突然的 ?
49.merely?adv 仅仅，只 =only ?
50.rarely?adv 罕见的 ?
51.splendidly?adj 极好地，灿烂地 ?
52.increasingly?adv 越来越多地 ?
53.naturally?adv 自然地 ?
54.accurate?adj 精确的，准确的 ?
55.ridiculous?adj 可笑的，荒谬的 ?
56.urgent?adj 紧急的，急迫的 ?
57.shallow?adj 浅的，肤浅的 ?
58.frequently?adv 经常地,频繁地 ?
59.especially?adv 特别地，尤其地 ?
? ???=particularly ?
60.obviously?adv 显而易见? ?
? ? ??=apparently ?
61.necessarily?adv 必要地，必须地，必然地 ?
62.generally?adv 一般地，通常地 ?
63.eventually?adv 最终，最后 ?
64.adoptable?adv 可采用的,可收养的 ?
65.acceptable?adj 可以接受的 ?
66.available?adj 可利用的,可使用的，可得到的 ?
67.accessible?adj 易接近的，易受影响的，可理解的 ?
68.relatively?adv 相对地，比较地 ?
69.approximately?adv大约 ?
70.absolutely?adv 绝对正确地 ?
71.punctual?adj 守时的 ?
72.gentle?adj 温柔的 ?
73.neatly?adv 整洁地 ?
74.entirely?adv 完全地 ?
75.highly?adv 高度地，非常地 ?
76.strongly?adv 强烈地，坚固地 ?
77.extremely?adv 极端地，非常 ?
78.reasonably?adv 合乎情理地 ?
79.eagerly?adv 热切地；渴望地 ?
80.badly?adv 很，非常 ?
81.slightly?adv 稍微，轻微地 ?
82.equally?adv 平等地 ?
83.lately?adv 最近 ?
84.enthusiastic?adj 热情的;热烈的;热心的 ?
85.energetic?adj 精力充沛的，有活力的 ?
86.talkative?adj ①喜欢说话的②多嘴的③健谈的 ?
87.impressive?adj 影象深刻的 ?
88.traditional?adj 传统的 ?
89.practical?adj 实践的,实际的 ?
90.similar?adj 类似的，相似的 ?
91.convenient?adj 方便的，便利的 ?
92.sooner or later?迟早，早晚 ?
93.more or less?或多或少，差不多，几乎 ?
94.once in a while?偶尔，时不时地 ?
95.now and then?偶尔，有时 ?
96. willingly?adv 情愿地 ?
97. unexpectedly?adv 出乎意料地 ?
98.unwillingly?adv 不情愿地 ?
99. unforgettable?adj 难忘的 ?
100.doubtful?adj 可疑的；令人生疑的；疑心的；不能确定的 ?
101. hardly / scarcely?adv 几乎不 ?
102. respectable?adj 值得尊敬的 ?
103. respectful?adj 恭敬的，有礼貌的 ?
104. distinguished?adj 著名的；卓著的；高贵的 ?
105. complicated?adj 难懂的，复杂的 ?
106. awkward/clumsy?adj 尴尬的，笨拙的 ?
107. previous?adj 以前的 ?
450个高频词组
1. a host of ?大量?
2. a test for ?检测目的?
3. a test on ?对……进行测试?
4. a test with ?检测手段?
5. above all ?最重要的；首先
6. according to ?根据?
7. achieve equilibrium ?取得平衡?
8. achieve one's purpose ?达到目的?
9. achieve success ?获得成功?
10. achieve victory ?获得胜利?
11. act on ?遵照...行动；作用于
12. act out ?表演出来?
13. add up to ?总计，合计?
14. add...to... ?把…...加到…...
15. adhere to 坚持，奉行
16. after all ?毕竟，终究
17. agree on ?对……取得一致意见?
18. agree to ?同意，赞成?
19. agree with sb. ?同意某人的话?
20. along with ?和......一起
21. alternate (with) ?交替
22. amount to ?合计；共计
23. an equal to ?与…(地位)相同的人/物
24. and yet ?然而?
25. anything but ?一点也不
26. anything like ?像……那样的东西?
27. anywhere near ?接近于?
28. apart form ?除……之外尚有?
29. apply to ?向……申请；适用于?
30. appreciation of ?对……的欣赏/赞赏?
31. argue against ?反对?
32. as a result of ?作为……的结果；由于?
33. as a result ?结果；因此
34. as a whole ?作为一个整体，整个看来?
35. as far as… ?就……而言?
36. as for ?至于，关于
37. as if ?好像，仿佛?
38. as soon as ?一......就......
39. as though ?好像，仿佛?
40. as to 至于，关于
41. as well ?也
42. as yet ?迄今，到目前为止?
43. aside from ?除......之外
44. associate…with… ?把……和......联系起来?
45. association with ?与……的交往/联合?
46. at a disadvantage ?处于不利地位?
47. at a loss ?不知所措?
48. at a time ?每次，一次?
49. at all 丝毫，根本
50. at any moment ?随时
51. at first ?首先，最初
52. at large ?未被捕获的，自由行动的，详尽的
53. at last ??终于，最终
54. at least ?至少?
55. at length ?最终，详细地
56. at most ?最多?
57. at no time ?从不，决不?
58. at one time ?曾经
59. at the cost of ?以……为代价?
60. at the least ?至少，无论如何
61. at times ?有时，间或
62. at…speed ?以……的速度?
63. attend on ?照顾，侍候
64. attribute…to... ?把……归于......?
65. back up ?后退，支持
66. be based on ?基于?
67. be able to ?能够?
68. be about to ?正打算?
69. be accustomed to ?习惯于?
70. be associated with ?与……有关
71. be aware of ?意识到
72. be capable of ?有能力做......
73. be caught ?遇到，陷入?
74. be committed to ?被交给，答应承担义务
75. be confined to ?限制在，局限于
76. be confined/be restricted ?受……限制?
77. be dedicated to 奉献，献给
78. be devoted to 献身于/致力于......
79. be directed to ?指向，针对?
80. be drawn to ?被......所吸引
81. be due to ?由于
82. be exposed to 暴露在...下，接触...
83. be fond of 喜爱?
84. be full of 充满
85. be habitual to(him) ??对(他来说)习以为常?
86. be in order ?合适，恰当
87. be involved in ?参与，参加
88. be involved with ?涉及，与……有关连
89. be left to ?由...来决定，由...来想办法
90. be limited to ?限制在...，限定在...
91. be linked to/with ?与…连接/有联系?
92. be proud of ?为...而骄傲
93. be referred to ?被提及
94. be related to ?与……有关?
95. be sick of ?厌恶/讨厌...
96. be subject to ?经受，遭受
97. be suitable for ?适合于?
98. be sure of ?对...肯定
99. be thrown in ?额外赠送?
100. be tied by/with ?被……捆绑
101. be tied to ?束缚于，捆绑于?
102. be tired of ?厌倦/厌烦...
103. behind time ?晚点?
104. belief in ?对……的真实性或正确性具有的信心?
105. believe…to be... ?相信……是......?
106. better than ?好于……
107. beyond question ?毋庸置疑?
108. break away ?脱离，逃跑?
109. break down ?损坏，分解，瓦解?
110. break into ?闯入?
111. break in ?闯入，打断?
112. break off ?断绝，结束?
113. break out ?突发，爆发?
114. break through ?突破?
115. break up ?结束,打碎?
116. bring about ?引起，带来
117. bring forward ?提出
118. bring out ?使出现，公布，出版
119. bring up ?提出，养育，呕吐
120. by accident ?偶然
121. by all means ?无论如何
122. by chance ?偶然，意外地?
123. by choice ?通过选择?
124. by contrast ?对比之下
125. by means of ?用，依靠，借助于?
126. by means of ?借助于?
127. by mistake ?错误地?
128. by the way ?顺便提一下?
129. by virtue of ?凭借，由于
130. by way of ?经由，通过…方式?
131. call forth ?唤起?
132. call for ?邀请，要求，需要?
133. call off ?取消?
134. call on/upon ?访问，拜访?
135. care for ?照顾，关心，喜欢?
136. carry out ?贯彻，执行
137. cast light on sth. ?阐明某事
138. catch up with ?赶上
139. catch sight of ?看见
140. center on 集中在，以...为中心
141. characterized by 以...为特征
142. coincide with 与……相符?
143. come from 来自，来源于
144. come off ?成功，脱离
145. come on ?快点，上演，突然产生
146. come out ?出版，出现，结果是?
147. come to ?等于，结果是，总计，达到?
148. come under attack ?受到打击?
149. come under ?归入，受到
150. come up ?走近，上升，发芽，被提出
151. comment on ?评论，发表意见
152. commit to ?交付，把……投入?
153. comply with ?遵守，服从
154. conform to 遵守，符合，顺应?
155. consist of ?由...组成?
156. consistent in ?在(某方面)一致?
157. consistent with ?与……一致?
158. contribute to 有助于，促进
159. copy out ?抄写
160. correlate with ?使...与...产生相互关系
161. count on ?指望
162. cut away ?砍掉
163. cut down ?削减
164. cut off ?切断，中断
165. cut out ?删掉
166. dedicate…to... ?奉献
167. depend on ?依靠，依赖，取决于?
168. die back ?枯死
169. die down ?逐渐消失，止息
170. die off ?相继死去
171. die out ?消失，死绝
172. difference in ?在……方面的差别?
173. do something for/to ?改进，增强?
174. doubt about ?怀疑?
175. due to ?由于,因为?
176. dwell on ?详述，细想?
177. enter for ?报名参加
178. enter into 开始?(谈话,讨论)
179. entertain a proposal ?愿意考虑这一建议?
180. entertain an idea ?抱着一种想法?
181. even if ?即使，虽然?
182. even though ?即使，虽然?
183. ever since ?此后一直
184. faithful to ?忠心于?
185. fall from ?从…落下
186. far from ?毫不，远非?
187. favor of ?喜欢?
188. figure out ?计算出，解决，理解?
189. find out ?查明?
190. focus on ?集中于
191. followed by ?接着是
192. for all ?尽管
193. for example ?举例来说?
194. for instance=for example
195. for sale ?待售，出售?
196. for the purpose of ?为了...目的
197. for the sake of ?为了...起见?
198. frankly speaking ?坦白来说?
199. freedom from ?免于…的自由
200. from all appearances ?从各种迹象来看
201. from all sides ?从四面八方，全面地?
202. from now on ?从现在开始?
203. from/by all accounts ?人人都说?
204. gather up ?集拢
205. generally speaking ?一般来说?
206. get along with ?进展，相处
207. get away ?逃脱，离开?
208. get about ?四处走动，（消息）传开?
209. get down to ?开始，着手?
210. get in ?进入，陷入，收获
211. give in ?妥协，让步，投降，屈服?
212. give off ?发出（光、热等）；长出（枝、杈等）
213. give out ?分发，发出，用尽，精疲力竭
214. give away ?赠送，泄露?
215. give up ?放弃?
216. give way ?让路，让步?
217. go beyond ?超越，超过
218. go by ?从…旁走过，顺访?
219. go for ?追求?
220. go in ?进入，参加?
221. go through ?经历?
222. hand on ?传下来，依次传递?
223. hand out ?分发，散发?
224. hand over ?移交?
225. have a bearing on ?与…有关系?
226. have difficulty with ?与...有分歧/相处不好
227. hold back ?隐瞒；退缩；抑制；阻止?
228. hold down 抑制；压制；保有?
229. hold on to ?紧紧抓住，坚持?
230. hold on ?不挂断电话，继续?
231. hold out ?维持，伸出，提出，坚持?
232. hold up ?举起；阻挡；拦截?
233. hold off ?保持距离，不接近?
234. if only ?要是...就好了（用于虚拟语气）
235. in use ?在使用中
236. in…degree ?在……程度上?
237. in a sense ?在某种意义上
238. in a state of ?处于…的状态?
239. in a way ?在某种程度上
240. in accord with ?与…一致?
241. in addition to ?除…之外，并且?
242. in all ?总共
243. in any case ?无论如何，不管怎样
244. in case of ?万一…
245. in case ?假使，以防
246. in circles=in a circle ?在原地兜圈子，毫无进展?
247. in consequence ?因此，结果
248. in doubt ?有怀疑?
249. in effect ?实际上，生效
250. in essence ?本质上
251. in fact ?实际上?
252. in firm voice ?用坚定的声音
253. in general ?一般来说，大体上
254. in addition ?此外，而且
255. in line with ?与...一致，符合...
256. in mind ?在心里，记住
257. in need of ?需要?
258. in no way ?决不?
259. in one's opinion ?在某人看来?
260. in terms of ?依据
261. in the way ?妨碍，阻碍?
262. in order to ?为了?
263. in order ?秩序井然，按顺序
264. in particular ?尤其，特别
265. in perspective ?关系恰当地，观察合理地
266. in point of ?说到，关于?
267. in question ?讨论中的，考虑中的
268. in reference to ?关于
269. in regard to ?关于?
270. in relation to ?关于，至于
271. in reply to ?答复
272. in response to ?作为对...的回答/反应
273. in return for ?作为对...的回报/交换
274. in short ?简言之
275. in spite of ?尽管
276. in terms of ?依据，在...方面
277. in the analysis of ?对…进行分析
278. in the bargain ?此外，还?
279. in the case of ?就...来说
280. in the company of ?陪伴，伴随
281. in the course of ?在…过程中，在…期间?
282. in the end ?最后?
283. in the event of ?万一发生
284. in the form of ?以...的形式
285. in the light of ?鉴于，由于
286. in the process of ?在...的过程中
287. in time ?及时
288. in turn ?依次地，反过来
289. in vain ?徒劳?
290. in whole 整个地?
291. infuse … into ?注入?
292. insist on ?坚持
293. instead of ?代替?
294. interest in ?对…的兴趣?
295. irrespective of ?不顾的，不考虑的
296. isolate…from ?使...与...隔离，使孤立
297. it used to be ?过去的情况是…
298. join in ?参加(某种活动)
299. lay emphasis on ?强调
300. lay/put blame on ?责怪，归咎于
301. lead off ?开始
302. lead on ?继续引领
303. lead out ?开始
304. lead to ?导致
305. less than ?不如，少于?
306. link together ?联系在一起?
307. long before ?早在...之前，很久以前?
308. look on ?旁观
309. loyal to ?忠诚于?
310. make a step ?走一步?
311. make for ?有助于，有利于
312. make one's way ?前进，行进?
313. make out ?弄懂，辨认出
314. make sure ?查明，确保
315. make towards ?朝…走去?
316. make way ?开路，让路?
317. mean by ?…的意思，…意味着?
318. more…than... ?与其说…不如说…
319. more than ?不仅，不止，多于
320. much as ?虽然,尽管
321. no less…than ?和…一样…，既…又…
322. no mor …than ?既不会…也不会...?
323. not…but… ?不是…而是…
324. now that ?既然，由于
325. object to ?反对
326. of course ?当然?
327. on a large scale ?大规模的(地)
328. on a national scale ?在全国范围内?
329. on account of ?由于
330. on average ? 平均地
331. on behalf of ?代表，为了
332. on campus ?在校园?
333. on occasion ?偶尔
334. on radio ?用无线电，通过广播
335. on the average ?平均地
336. on the basis of ? 根据，在……的基础上?
337. on the contrary ?相反?
338. on the grounds of ?以…为理由?
339. on the occasion of ?在…场合，值...之际
340. on the other hand ?另一方面?
341. on the radio ?通过广播，无线电广播中
342. on the side ?额外地，作为兼职
343. on the side of ?在…一边?
344. on the whole ?总的来看
345. on time ?准时
346. one another ?相互?
347. one or other ?不管哪一个?
348. only if ?只要，只有
349. other than ?除了
350. out of step ?不一致，不协调
351. out of the question ?不可能的?
352. out of use ?不使用?
353. owe…to… ?把…归功于...?
354. pass out ?分发，昏倒
355. pass off ?中止，停止
356. pass on ?传递
357. pass by ?去世
358. pay attention to ?注意
359. pay by check ?用支票支付?
360. pay in cash/pay cash ?付现金
361. pay off ?偿清，取得好结果
362. persist in ?坚持?
363. pick up ?捡起，学会，接
364. plan for ?为...订计划
365. point to ?指向
366 properly speaking ?正确(公正)地讲?
367. provided that ?假若，倘如
368. put together ?加在一起;
369. put up with ?忍受
370. quite other ?完全不同的?
371. rather than ?而不是?
372. refer to ?提到，参考?
373. reflect discredit on ?使丧失名誉?
374. reflect on ?思考，反省
375. rely on ?依靠，指望
376. remove…from… ?把…从…去掉，撤职
377. responsible for ?对...负责
378. result from ?由…产生
379. result in ?导致?
380. ripe for ?为...做好准备
381. root out ?发现?
382. run a risk ?冒风险
383. sacrifice something to ?为…牺牲某事?
384. secure sth. from attack ?确保…免受攻击?
385. set about ?开始，着手?
386. set aside ?留出?
387. set back ?推迟，延缓
388. set down ?放下，记下?
389. set forth ?阐明，陈述?
390. set off ?出发，使爆炸?
391. set out ?陈列，显示，启程?
392. share with ?与...分享
393. shoot a film ?拍摄一个镜头?
394. side with站 ?在...一边，支持
395. similar to ?与...相似
396. since then ?从那时起?
397. something like ?大约，有几分像…
398. sooner than ?早于
399. speed up ?加速
400. stand for ?代表
401. step up ?增加，加速
402. stick to ?坚持，坚持，遵循
403. stimulated by ?受...的刺激
404. stir up ?激起，挑起
405. such as ?比方说，例如
406. support for ?对…的支持?
407. sure enough ?果然
408. take away ?拿走，夺走
409. take a step ?采取措施
410. take advantage of ?利用
411. take away ?消耗，清除?
412. take care of ?照顾
413. take...for ?把...看作...
414. take in ?接受，吸收，欺骗?
415. take on ?呈现，从事?
416. take over ?接管?
417. take to ?开始喜欢，开始从事，开始沉湎于?
418. take up with ?开始和...来往
419. take up ?占据，从事?
420. thanks to ?由于，幸亏?
421. the bulk of… ?的主要部分，大多数?
422. the former…the latter… ?前者…，后者...
423. to…extent ?在…范围，到…程度?
424. to caution against ?对…予以警告?
425. to center around ?以…为中心?
426. to some extent ?某种程度上
427. to such an extent that ?到...的程度，以至
431. to turn sth. into ?把…转换为...?
432. together with ?一起?
433. transition to ?向…的过渡，向…的转变?
434. turn away ?走开，转过脸?
435. turn over ?翻过来?
436. turn round ?转过身来?
437. turn to ?求助于?
438. turn up ?调大，出现
439. what is more ?而且
440. with regard to ?关于
441. with that ?说罢
442. with the exception of ?除...外?
443. with…speed ?以…的速度?
444. work away 一直在工作?
445. work out ?解决，算出，制定出?
446. work up ?逐步建立，逐步发展
447. worse than ?坏于…
448. write in ?提出书面要求?
449. write off ?报废，勾销?
450. write out ?写出,取消某角色
完型填空考查综合运用语言的能力：
1）词语辨析能力?
2）语法结构分析能力?
3）语篇理解能力?
4）逻辑推理能力?
5）文化背景透析能力?
6）生活常识综合运用能力
关注“一事一议一心理”文章
解题技巧
1.利用动词词组中的介词或副词确定正确选项
如果我们认识某一词组，可根据自己的判断毫不犹豫地选择你认为是正确的选项。如果不认识或拿不准它们的意义，我们可以根据动词后边的介词或副词进行推导。
2.利用固定搭配或习惯用语
完形题目涉及对各种短语、固定词组和惯用语的测试，其所占的比例相当大。测试范围包括动词短语、动词与其他词语构成的习语、介词短语、形容词短语等。这类词组主要是习惯性和固定搭配用法，不能主观臆测，也不能随意创造，只能靠死记硬背。
3.根据邻近原则，利用词语意义的互相联系，确定选择的依据
（1）选项为名词时，其前后的名词为选择的依据。
（2）选项为动词、动词词组（包括动名词、动词的分词形式）时，其前后的动词、名词、介词为选择依据。
（3）选项为形容词时，可以其前后出现的名词、动词、副词、介词为依据。
（4）选项为副词时，其前后出现的动词、形容词、副词为判断依据。
考纲要求：考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关的信息。考生应能：
(1)理解主旨和要义；
(2)理解文中的具体信息；
(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义；
(4)根据文章的内容做出判断和推理；
(5)理解文章的基本结构；
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
（三）阅读理解
1、侧重考生对语篇的整体理解，主要考查考生理解主旨和要义、理解文中具体信息、根据上下文推断生词的词义、做出判断和推理、理解文章的基本结构等能力，同时考查考生的快速阅读能力、跨文化交际意识和学习策略等；
2、阅读理解分为两节：第一节的前四篇文章为传统题型；第二节为“七选五”任务型阅读；
3、阅读理解部分绝大多少单词都控制在考纲词汇表中，文中注释的生词只有6个。
4、体裁搭配合理，话题丰富多彩； 总阅读量1500词左右。
【命题特点】
考查的内容及难度
篇目及文体 主要内容 难度
系数
A（记叙文） 讲述一个送奶工的生活故事 0.60
B（时文） 讲述一个英国的高个子组织TPCGP向宾馆和酒店发起的针对高个子的一些特殊需求的活动 0.58
C（时文） 美国老百姓在花园种植蔬菜应对危机 0.61
D（应用文） 四则招聘启示，分别招聘制片人、圣诞老人扮演者、财务助理和软件培训师 0.80
E（说明文） 家长如何帮助孩子了解钱的用途和如何使用钱 0.67
平均分26分，难度系数0.65 。
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站
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高考英语试题特点及备考
特殊背景下的高考
今年高考四十年来最特殊！新考纲、新题型、新考点、新形势！（从未让人如此心慌）
78年恢复高考至今41个年头：
78、79、80年：恢复高考，知青改变命运的唯一途径（老三届 政商领军人物）
98年 高考10年 大学收费 取消分配
99年扩招 拉动内需 扩招百分之五十
04年 分省命题 全国卷 地方卷
16年大规模恢复全国用卷 考试中心
2020年 百年变局 中美贸易 香港波动 热点战乱 军备竞赛 新冠状病毒
旧高考向新高考 高考推迟？降低难度？2003非典高考数学难死人
特殊背景下的新变化
2020高考新动向
新用法
1.试题所选文章语言地道、特点鲜明，突出对词类的活用。如，age常用作名词，表示“年龄”，全国卷Ⅰ七选五考查其动词用法，表示“使显老，使变老”。
2.不影响对文章整体意思理解的超纲名词不再给出注释，考纲词汇的派生词也有增多的趋势。如：demanding苛求的，要求高的；commercialize商业化；等等。
3.出现大量的地道短语和句式。如whispersupport（全国Ⅰ卷），off the hook for（全国Ⅱ卷）。
特殊背景下的新变化
新设计 1.阅读理解第一节中设问方式变化：以往多为完整问句形式，2019年全国Ⅰ卷中阅读理解B篇第26题采用不完整题干形式，该篇中有3道题对不同段落进行设题。
2.阅读理解第二节（七选五）中选项设置形式变化：以往有半句式命题形式，2019年全国三套卷中都是整句的设题模式。
3.语用第一节（完形填空）中语篇文体变化：2019年全国Ⅰ卷和Ⅲ卷完形填空的体裁改变了多年来以记叙文为主的考查形式，全国Ⅰ卷采用了夹叙夹议、以议论为主的文章，全国Ⅲ卷采用了说明文。
4.语用第二节（语法填空）考点命制变化：考纲中的语法项目表并不包含同位语，而2019年全国Ⅰ卷考查了同位语从句的连接词that。
新导向 1.倡导健康生活，提高健康意识。全国三套卷选用了多篇有关身心健康与和谐人际关系的文章。
2.美育悄然渗透，重视审美情趣。通过在试题情境中融入中华优秀传统文化和美育知识，引导考生关注和提高审美情趣。
3.倡导职业规划，培养劳动意识。选取的语篇以积极工作为切入点，提倡职业规划，宣传劳动精神，引导考生培养劳动意识
2020北京命题工作通气会精神
命题依据：英语学科教学指导意见 英语课程标准 2020年考试大纲
2020试题结构、难度保持稳定；命题要求和理念有所提高
考核目标和要求：主题语境：人与自我、人与自然、人与社会
词汇：新课标词汇3500
命题理念：以情景任务为重要依托、以语言能力为主要推动力、以学以致用为直接导向、以核心素养为最终目标
路径：一个抓手 语言能力
两个着力点 语言理解能力、语音表达能力
三个核心要素 交际、任务（情景）、意义
2020“一核四层四翼”的高考评价体系
“一核四层四翼”的高考评价体系涵盖了考查目的、考查内容和考查要求
“一核”为考查目的，即“立德树人、服务选才、引导教学”，是对素质教育中高考核心功能的概括，回答“为什么考”的问题；
“四层”为考查内容，即“必备知识、关键能力、学科素养、核心价值”，是素质教育目标在高考内容中的提炼，回答“考什么”的问题；
“四翼”为考查要求，即“基础性、综合性、应用性、创新性”，是素质教育的评价维度在高考中的体现，回答“怎么考”的问题。
“一核”考查目的：立德树人、服务选才、引导教学
“四层” 考查内容：必备知识、关键能力、学科素养、核心价值
“四翼”考查要求：基础性、综合性、应用行、创新性
一、课程标准、考试大纲和考试说明的关系
《课程标准》的颁布对高考改革产生的影响： ①课程内容的变化。教材由必修和选修两部分组成，较好地适应了不同地区学生发展的需求，体现了课程结构的均衡性、综合性和选择性，体现了关注学生的个性发展。②学习方式的变化。新课改的主要目的之一是培养学生主动学习与探究的能力。③强调综合素质培养与多元评价。学生的综合素质评价纳入到高考录取依据中。④减轻学生的课业负担。课程改革就是要改变原课程体系内容“偏、难、繁、旧”和过于注重书本知识的状况，加强课程内容与学生生活以及现代社会和科技发展的关系，关注学生的学习兴趣，培养终发展必备的基础知识和技能。
《考试大纲》依据《普通高中英语课程标准》确定本学科的考试内容。要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1-5），要求词汇量为3500左右。
《考试说明》的指导思想：1、命题以教育部《普通高中英语课程标准》为依据，结合各省的教学实际。2、在考查基础知识和基本技能的同时，侧重考查综合语言运用能力，特别是运用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决实际问题的能力。3、不孤立考查语言知识，而是把语言知识放在各种语境中考查。4、试题应有较高的信度、效度、适当的难度和必要的区分度。基于考生的实际情况，从《课程标准》中精选了2500个左右的单词, 作为高考命题的词汇范围。
二、新课标全国卷的变化：
1、听力部分为30分（略） 2、阅读理解：前四篇阅读理解与大纲全国卷I相同（30分）、第五篇为任务型阅读理解题（10分）
3、完形填空 4、语篇应用（短文填空、短文改错和书面表达 ）
试卷的调整凸现对综合语言运用能力的考查，七选五任务型阅读理解比传统的阅读理解的难度稍微降低，但是更重视对考生的逻辑推理能力的考查，短文改错的难度有所加大。
任务型阅读理解
考查考生整体理解短文的能力，能够结合上下文 进行逻辑推理，还原文中缺少的信息，整体难度不大。
语篇题（短文填空、短文改错和短文写作）
考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性， 测试考生发现和纠正短文中的错误的能力。
错误涉及词法、句法、语篇结构及行文逻辑等。
考生在对语篇理解的基础上，运用所学语言知识 解决实际语言问题。
新课标全国卷的特点
1、基于课程标准和考试大纲，以能力立意为核心
2、试题保持基本稳定，在稳定中求发展和创新
阅读理解难度增加
语篇应用考察基础
保持了试卷的稳定性。
3、试题立足“双基”，注重能力，突出应用
4、内容紧跟时代，贴近社会生活，体现丰富的文化
内涵
5、突出了对语用能力和交际能力的考查
6、关注测试内容的教育意义，关注考生的思维能力
（一）听力 略
提醒：做与不做？如何应对？
三、新课标全国卷试卷分析
（二）完形填空（选拔题 有难度）
旨在考查学生的综合语言运用能力，以语篇信息为基础，以文章的脉络为主线，根据上下文的内在联系和逻辑关系，正确地还原短文中缺少的信息。特点是：记叙为主，叙议结合，主题明确，首句完整，考查语境，定位语篇，实词为主，虚词为辅。
【设空的词类分布】
词类 题量 比例
动词 10 50%
名词 7 35%
形容词 3 15%
平均分15，难度系数0.50
（1）没有读懂文章的意思，没有接受作者传递出的信息，没有把握文章的主旨大意，造成理解出现了偏差；
In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory science course about 20 years ago. The professor marched into the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans, and invited the students to guess how many beans the jar contained. After listening to shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the correct answer, and went on saying, “You have just learned an important lesson about science. That is: Never trust your own senses.”
【问题】
（2）没有完全把握短文上下文的逻辑关系；
Twenty years later, the woman could guess what the professor had in mind. He 44 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting voyage into an unknown world invisible(无形的）to the eyes, which can be discovered only through scientific method. But the 17-year-old girl could not accept or even 48 the invitation. She was just beginning to understand the world. And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the truth. The professor, however, said that it was 52 . He was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute(替代).
44.A . served B. saw C. described D. respected
50.A.believed B. doubted C. proved D. explained
53. A. task B. tool C. success D. connection
54. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave
（3）对所给的四个选项的词义理解不到位，不知道怎么区别和选择；
（4）没有找到上下文中有效的解题线索，选择缺乏依据，想当然；
“I remember feeling small and 54 ,” The woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 55 the course the afternoon,
54. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave
55．A. dropped B. started C. passed D. missed
and I haven’t gone near
science since.”
高考实 分析如下
体裁为记叙文。讲述一位八十多岁的老人与老伴相濡以沫的故事。一位老人来到医院治疗，他看着表对医生说，在9:30他要去养老院和他的老伴儿一起吃早饭。老伴儿因患老年痴呆症，一直住在养老院。虽然，她已经不认出他了，可是五年来他坚持每天早晨去看她，和她一起吃早饭。这个故事说明了人生真谛是：在婚姻生活中，真正的爱就是全部的包容。
考查项目 题量 比例
动词 7 35%
名词 5 25%
形容词 2 10%
副词 5 25%
连词 1 5%
考查的重点是动词、名词、形容词和副词，偶见连词
【2010年完形填空设空的词类分布】
It was a busy morning，about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital .I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for all appointment(约会)at 9:30.The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37 him it would be at least 40 minutes 38 someone would be able to see him I saw him 39 his watch and decided，since I was 40 busy—my patient didn’t 41 at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound .While taking care of his wound．I asked him if he had another doctor’s appointment
The gentleman said no and told me that he 42 to go to the nursing home to eat
breakfast with his 43 .He told me that she had been 44 for a while and that she had a
special disease I asked if she would be 45 if he was a bit late. He replied that she 46
knew who he was，that she had not been able t0 47 him for five years now.
I was 48 ,and asked him，“And you 49 go every morning，even though she doesn’t know who you are?”
He smiled and said．“She doesn’t know me but I know who she is” I had to hold back50 as he left.
Now I 51 that in marriages，true love is 52 of all that is The happiest people don’t 53 have the best of everything；they just 54 the best of everything they have 55 isn’t about how to live through the storm，but how to dance in the rain.
36 A breath B.test C seat D break
37 A persuading B promising C understanding D telling
38 A if B before C since D after
39 A taking off B．fixing C looking at D winding
40．A very B also C seldom D not
41 A turn up B show off C come on D go away
42 A needed B forgot C agreed D happened
43 A daughter B wife C mother D sister
44 A. late B well C around D.there
45 A lonely B worried C doubtful D hungry
46 A so far B neither C no longer D already
47 A recognize B answer C believe D expect
48 A moved B disappointed C surprised D satisfied
49 A only B.then C.thus D still
50．A curiosity B tears C words D judgment
51 A realize B suggest C hope D prove
52 A agreement B expression C acceptance D exhibition
53 A necessarily B completely C．naturally D frequently
54 A. learn B make C.favor D.try
55 A Adventure B Beauty C Trust D Life
CDBCD AABDB CACDB ABABD
难度系数0.7以上 难度系数0.5-0.69 难度系数0.49以下
题号与分值 总分 题号与分值 总分 题号与分值 总分
37，39，43，47，49，51，55 10.5 36，38，40，42，44，45，46，48，50 13.5 41，52，53，54 6
完形填空易、中、难题分布情况
体裁是记叙文。讲述了著名的英语小说《金银岛》一书背后鲜为人知的故事：人们一直认为《金银岛》一书是作家史蒂文森凭空想象出来的。然而，一项研究披露了这部作品出笼的细节：苏格兰人史蒂文森多年旅居国外。1881年，他携带妻子和儿子从美国回国度假。由于天一直下着雨，他们被迫呆在宾馆。为了让儿子有事可作，他就让儿子随便画画。一天早上，儿子拿着一张画有岛屿的作品来找父亲，他在岛中画了一个十字，说那里埋藏有珍宝。于是，一部激动人心探险小说的轮廓在史蒂文森的脑中形成了。
再看一高考实例完形填空
考查项目 题量 比例
名词 8 40%
动词 7 35%
副词 3 15%
形容词 2 10%
考查的重点是动词、名词、形容词和副词
【2009年完形填空设空的词类分布】
【备考策略】
1、多积累常用单词、词组、习语和句型。熟记动词、名词、形容词和副词的同义词、近义词的辨析。
2、加强训练，提高篇章意识；培养逻辑思维能力；增加阅读量，感受英美文化，培养英语思维方式和语感
3、精选练习，进行有针对性的专题训练。指导学生 找出解题的线索，联系上下文顺藤摸瓜，确定答案。
4、系统地对学生进行阅读技巧的训练，掌握不同的英语文体的写作特点和技巧，正确把握文章主旨大意。
5、训练正确的做题方法：先快速阅读去掉空格后的短文，弄懂文意；然后边读文章边填空。选出答案后，要重读一遍短文，看整篇文章的故事情节是否连贯、作者前后的语气是否一致，正确把握文章的内在逻辑性，最后确定答案。
.【完形填空 高频词汇】
动词?
1.“看”： look; see; watch; observe; notice; catch sight of; stare; glare; glance; glimpse; see a film; watch TV
2. “说”： telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth;?say sth;? talk with sb about sth;?speak in English;?
whisper sth to sb; inform sb of sth; reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth; bargain; chat; repeat; explain; warn; remind; discuss; debate; figure; declare; claim; mention; admit; deny; describe; announce; introduce; complain
3. “叫”： cry; call; shout; scream; moan; sigh; quarrel
4. “问”： ask; interview; express; question
5. “答”： answer; respond; reply
6. “听”： listen to; hear; pick up; overhear
7. “笑”： smile; laugh; burst into laughter; burst out laughing
8. “哭”： cry; shed tears; weep; sob; burst into tears /burst out crying
9. “吃/喝”： eat/drink; sip; have a meal; have supper; toast; taste; treat sb to; help oneself to
10. “穿”： put on; wear; have on; be dressed in; make up; get changed; be in red; take off ; remove
11. “行”： walk ; run ; climb; jump; skip; slip; come/go; enter; move; drive; ride; fly; crawl
12. “坐”： sit down; be seated; seat oneself; take a seat，stand; lean
13. “睡/休息”： lie /on one’s back/on one's side/ on one’s stomach; stay in bed; have a rest; take a nap; be asleep; bend; turn over; rest
14. “写”： dictate; write sth; describe; drop a line; draw; take down/write down
15. “拿/放”：? take; bring; hold; carry; fetch; lif; put; lay; pull; push
16. “抓”： take hold of; seize; grasp; scratch
17. “打”： hit; beat; strike; blow; attack
18. “扔”： throw; drop; fall; wave; shake
19. “送”： send; deliver; give; offer; see off
20. “摸/抱”： ouch; fold; embrace; hug; hold; in one’s arms
21. “踢/碰”： kick; knock; tip
22. “找/查”：
find; look for; find out; discover/explore; hunt for; search for;seek,seek for in search of; search sb; search sp. for sth; check; examine; test; inspect
23. “得”： get; obtain; acquire; gain; possess
24. “失”： lose; be lost /be missing/gone; great loss
25. “有”： have; own; conquer; occupy；possess
26. “无”： nothing left; the remaining thing; disappear; be missing /gone
.【完形填空 高频词汇】
动词? 27. “增/减”： rise / go up,drop; raise; bring down /reduce; increase/decrease
28. “买/卖”： buy; purchase; afford; pay; pay off ; pay for; sell; on sale; bargain; bill / cheque / cash/credit card/notes/coins; discounts
29. “存在/消失”： come into being; exist; appear; survive ; live; show; turn up; disappear; die; die out; pass away; be out of sight
30. “变化”： develop; improve ; become; grow; go+ bad /wrong/ sour;turn + colour; change /change into; reform
31. “成功/失败”： make it; succeed; make progress; come true; realize one’s dream; win; lose; fail to do; defeat; suffer loss; beat; turn sth. into reality
32. “努力”： try /manage; make efforts; attempt ; do one's best; do as much as one can to do
33. 祝贺： congratulate sb. on sth.; celebrate; observe; get together
34. 敬佩： admire; respect; show respect for/to; adore; envy ;be jealousy
35. 赞美/批评： praise; think highly of; blame sb for sth; sb is to blame; criticize /scold sb. for sth.; have a low opinion of sb; speak ill of
36. 喜/恶： like; love; be fond of ; be keen on; be crazy about; adore; be into; prefer; enjoy; dislike hate; ignore
37. 到达： arrive at; reach; return to; get to; stay in sp.; visit; leave; leave for
38. 受伤： hurt ; injure; wound; cut; kill; drown; bleed; get burnt; suffer from; suffer a loss
39. 损坏： damage; destroy; ruin; break down; crash; be broken
40. 修复：? repair; rebuild; restore; fix; recover oneself
41. “认识的过程” ： feel; sense; guess; suppose; wonder; doubt; know /learn realize understand remember; be familiar with; recall; recite; apply to
42. 认为;判断： think; believe; consider; find; feel; conclude; infer; doubt
43. 想/考虑： think of…as...; think about; consider; think over
44. 支持/反对： agree; disagree; accept; receive; refuse; turn down; be against; elect; vote for/ against
.【完形填空 高频词汇】
动词45. 花费：
sth/doing sth+cost; sb+spend+ (in) doing sth; sb+afford +n/to do sth ; It +takes/took some time/ money/energy to do sth; sb pay some money for sth.
46. 省/存钱： save /save up; set aside; put away
47. 参加： take part in; join /join in; attend; compete in/ for/against
48. 控告：
accuse sb. of; charge sb. with
49. 救治/帮助：? help /help out; save /rescue sb from sth.; treat; cure sb. of sth; aid sb in doing sth / to do sth; help sb with sth;assist sb in doing sth
50. 逃避： run away; escape from; flee; hide
51. 阻止/禁止： prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth; forbid doing sth.; ban; prohibit
52. 对付/处理： handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth ; solve; settle
53. 效仿： copy; imitate; learn from; learn
54. 爆发/发生： come about; happen to; take place; break out; burst out; go off; explode
55. 安装/装备： fasten; fix; set; equip; be armed with; be equipped with
56. 追求： pursuit; ran after; seek after; chase; catch up with; keep up with
57. 建议： advise; suggest; recommend; propose; urge; demand; persuade
58. 打算： plan / intend / design to do; be going to do /be about to do /will do
59. 似乎/好象： seem; appear; look like;as if /as though
60. 开办/关闭： open; start; set up; close/close up; end; close down
动词? ?
1.“看”： ?look; see; watch; observe; notice; catch sight of; stare; glare; glance; glimpse; see a film; watch TV ?
2. “说”： ?telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth;?say sth;? ?talk with sb about sth;?speak in English;? ?whisper sth to sb; inform sb of sth; reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth; bargain; chat; repeat; explain; warn; remind; discuss; debate; figure; declare; claim; mention; admit; deny; describe; announce; introduce; complain ?
3. “叫”： ?cry; call; shout; scream; moan; sigh; quarrel ?
4. “问”： ?ask; interview; express; question ?
5. “答”： ?answer; respond; reply ?
6. “听”： ?listen to; hear; pick up; overhear ?
7. “笑”： ?smile; laugh; burst into laughter; burst out laughing ?
?8. “哭”： ?cry; shed tears; weep; sob; burst into tears /burst out crying ?
9. “吃/喝”： ?eat/drink; sip; have a meal; have supper; toast; taste; treat sb to; help oneself to ?
10. “穿”： ?put on; wear; have on; be dressed in; make up; get changed; be in red; take off ; remove ?
11. “行”： ?walk ; run ; climb; jump; skip; slip; come/go; enter; move; drive; ride; fly; crawl ?
12. “坐”： ?sit down; be seated; seat oneself; take a seat，stand; lean ?
13. “睡/休息”： ?
?lie /on one’s back/on one's side/ on one’s stomach; stay in bed; have a rest; take a nap; be asleep; bend; turn over; rest ?
14. “写”： ?
dictate; write sth; describe; drop a line; draw; take down/write down ?
15. “拿/放”：? ?
take; bring; hold; carry; fetch; lif; put; lay; pull; push ?
16. “抓”： ?
take hold of; seize; grasp; scratch ?
17. “打”： ?
hit; beat; strike; blow; attack ?
18. “扔”： ?
throw; drop; fall; wave; shake ?
19. “送”： ?
send; deliver; give; offer; see off ?
20. “摸/抱”： ?
ouch; fold; embrace; hug; hold; in one’s arms ?
21. “踢/碰”： ?
kick; knock; tip ?
22. “找/查”： ?
find; look for; find out; discover/explore; hunt for; search for;seek,seek for in search of; search sb; search sp. for sth; check; examine; test; inspect ?
23. “得”： ?
get; obtain; acquire; gain; possess ?
24. “失”： ?
lose; be lost /be missing/gone; great loss ?
25. “有”： ?
have; own; conquer; occupy；possess ?
26. “无”： ?
nothing left; the remaining thing; disappear; be missing /gone ?
27. “增/减”： ?
rise / go up,drop; raise; bring down /reduce; increase/decrease ?
28. “买/卖”： ?
buy; purchase; afford; pay; pay off ; pay for; sell; on sale; bargain; bill / cheque / cash/credit card/notes/coins; discounts ?
29. “存在/消失”： ?
come into being; exist; appear; survive ; live; show; turn up; disappear; die; die out; pass away; be out of sight ?
30. “变化”： ?
develop; improve ; become; grow; go+ bad /wrong/ sour;turn + colour; change /change into; reform ?
?
31. “成功/失败”： ?
make it; succeed; make progress; come true; realize one’s dream; win; lose; fail to do; defeat; suffer loss; beat; turn sth. into reality ?
32. “努力”： ?
try /manage; make efforts; attempt ; do one's best; do as much as one can to do ?
33. 祝贺： ?
congratulate sb. on sth.; celebrate; observe; get together ?
34. 敬佩： ?
admire; respect; show respect for/to; adore; envy ;be jealousy ?
35. 赞美/批评： ?
praise; think highly of; blame sb for sth; sb is to blame; criticize /scold sb. for sth.; have a low opinion of sb; speak ill of ?
36. 喜/恶： ?
like; love; be fond of ; be keen on; be crazy about; adore; be into; prefer; enjoy; dislike hate; ignore ?
37. 到达： ?
arrive at; reach; return to; get to; stay in sp.; visit; leave; leave for ?
38. 受伤： ?
hurt ; injure; wound; cut; kill; drown; bleed; get burnt; suffer from; suffer a loss ?
?
39. 损坏： ?
damage; destroy; ruin; break down; crash; be broken ?
40. 修复：? ?
repair; rebuild; restore; fix; recover oneself ?
41. “认识的过程” ： ?
feel; sense; guess; suppose; wonder; doubt; know /learn realize understand remember; be familiar with; recall; recite; apply to ?
42. 认为;判断： ?
think; believe; consider; find; feel; conclude; infer; doubt ?
43. 想/考虑： ?
think of…as...; think about; consider; think over ?
44. 支持/反对： ?
agree; disagree; accept; receive; refuse; turn down; be against; elect; vote for/ against ?
45. 花费： ?
sth/doing sth+cost; sb+spend+ (in) doing sth; sb+afford +n/to do sth ; It +takes/took some time/ money/energy to do sth; sb pay some money for sth. ?
46. 省/存钱： ?
save /save up; set aside; put away ?
47. 参加： ?
take part in; join /join in; attend; compete in/ for/against ?
48. 控告： ?
accuse sb. of; charge sb. with ?
49. 救治/帮助：? ?
help /help out; save /rescue sb from sth.; treat; cure sb. of sth; aid sb in doing sth / to do sth; help sb with sth;assist sb in doing sth ?
50. 逃避： ?
run away; escape from; flee; hide ?
51. 阻止/禁止： ?
prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth; forbid doing sth.; ban; prohibit ?
52. 对付/处理： ?
handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth ; solve; settle ?
53. 效仿： ?
copy; imitate; learn from; learn ?
54. 爆发/发生： ?
come about; happen to; take place; break out; burst out; go off; explode ?
55. 安装/装备： ?
fasten; fix; set; equip; be armed with; be equipped with ?
56. 追求： ?
pursuit; ran after; seek after; chase; catch up with; keep up with ?
57. 建议： ?
advise; suggest; recommend; propose; urge; demand; persuade ?
?
58. 打算： ?
plan / intend / design to do; be going to do /be about to do /will do ?
59. 似乎/好象： ?
seem; appear; look like;as if /as though ?
60. 开办/关闭： ?
open; start; set up; close/close up; end; close down ?
?名词?? ?
1. 假期 ?
vacation，holiday，spring break，leave，two days off ?
2. 旅游 ?
trip，journey， tour，voyage， travel，tourist，passenger? ?
3. 职务人员 ?
clerk，secretary，passer-by friend，minister，manager，waitress，guest，host，hostess，assistant，customer，adult，neighbor，relative，patient，vet，staff，crew，nurse，teacher，conductor，tailor，sailor，inventor，gardener，guard ?
4. 餐馆/定餐/就餐 ?
inn，restaurant，kitchen，menu，bill，order，tip，fork and knife，reserve /book table，taste delicious，salad，vegetables，fruit，tray，napkin ?
5. 诊所/看病/服药 ?
clinic，hospital，take one’s temperature，take medicine/pills，have a fever/flu/headache，doctor，physician，surgeon，specialist，patient ?
?
6. 车站/机场 ?
airport，on board，miss the train/bus，catch a train，meet sb. ?
7. 身体部位 ?
arm，head，hair，brain，waist，back，shoulder，pulse，wrist ?
8. 意志 ?
will，courage，patience，determination，faith，effort，confidence，ambition，energy ?
9. 才能/品质 ?
talent，gift，ability，potential，intelligent，promising，smart，stupid，careful，proud，strict，honest，cold，serious，easy-going，learned，knowledgeable ?
10. 优缺点 ?
advantage，disadvantage，strength，weakness，merit，drawback, strong point，shortcoming ?
11. 目标 ?
aim，goal，intention，purpose，belief，faith ?
12. 方式 ?
means，method，way，manner，approach ?
13. 身体素质 ?
strong，weak，pale，sick，ill，well，slim，fit，cut weight，put on weight ?
?
14. 图表 ?
photo，picture，graph，drawing，table，line/bar graph， pie chart，draw a sketch（划草图） ?
15. 文章 ?
reading，translation，essay，poem，paper，novel，fiction article，magazine，newspaper，journal，diary，files ?
16. 课堂 ?
class，course，lecture，example，reason，message，notes，words，phrase，scholarship，degree，subject，question，trouble，difficulty，grades，comment，marks ?
17. 学校活动 ?
match，game，activity，hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony ?
18. 建议/观点 ?
advice，suggestion，idea，proposal，view，recommandation ?
19. 气候/天气 ?
climate，weather，storm，wind，cloud，rain，snow，hotness，coldness，heat，warmth ?
20. 交通 ?
by train/bus /boat bike，on the train/bus /a bike，drive a car，ride a bike，give sb. a lift/ride ?
21. 习惯 ?
habit，custom，practice（惯例） ?
?
22. 感觉 ?
sight，hearing，touch，smell，taste，sense ?
23. 情感 ?
feeling，emotion，anger，delight，sadness，sorrow ?
24. 财富 ?
money，possessions，wealth，belongings，fortunes，treasure，diamond ?
25. 运动比赛 ?
playground，track and filed，pitch，event，game，match，sports，player，coach，judge，jogging，weightlifting，volleyball，soccer ?
形容词和副词? ?
1. immediate?adj 立即的，立刻的，马上 ?
2. clear?adj 清楚的，清晰的 ?
3.cautious?adj 小心翼翼的 ?
4.vivid?adj 生动的，逼真的 ?
5.exactly?adv ①确切地,精确地 ②恰好地,正好地 ③ (用于答语)完全正确。（的确这样） ?
6.fortunately?adv 幸运地 ?
7.surprisingly?adv 令人惊讶的 ?
8.hardly?adv 几乎不 ?
9.instead?adv 代替，相反 ?
10. properly?adv 适当地；正确地；恰当地 ?
11. specially?adv 专门 ?
12.reliable?adj 可靠的，可信赖的 ?
13.simply?adv 简单地；仅仅，只不过 ?
14.namely?adv 即，也就是 ?
15.not nearly = far from = nowhere near? ?
? ? ? 远非，远远不，一点也不 ?
16.patient?adj 耐心的；n 病人 ?
17.plain?adj 简单的，朴素的 ?
18.familiar?adj 熟悉的 ?
19.lucky?adj 幸运的 ?
20.amazing?adj 令人惊异的 ?
21.accidentally?adv ①偶然地;意外地 ②附带地 ?
22.silent?adj 沉默的 ?
23.calm?adj 平静的，冷静的 ?
24.secret?adj 秘密的 ?
25.otherwise?adv 否则 ?
26.meanwhile?adv 期间，同时 ?
27.besides?adv 除…..以外还有 ?
28.efficient?adj 高效的，有效的 ?
29. flexible?adj 灵活的 ?
30.complex?adj 复杂的 ?
31.smooth?adj 平稳的，光滑的，顺利的? ?
32.regularly?adv 定期的，有规律的 ?
33.sensitive?adj 敏感的，体贴的 ?
34.honest?adj 诚实的 ?
35.confident?adj 自信的 ?
36.shy?adj 害羞的，羞涩的 ?
37.thoughtful?adj ①深思的,沉思的②富有思想的;经认真推敲的 ?
38.lighthearted and optimistic?adj 无忧无虑而且非常乐观的 ?
39.nevertheless?adj 然而 ?
40.private?adj 私人的(private cars) ?
41.personal?adj 个人的(personal belongings) ?
42.unique?adj 唯一的,独一无二的;独特的 ?
43.favorable?adj 赞同的，有利的 ?
44.precious?adj 宝贵的，珍贵的 ?
45.essential?adj 必要的，重要的 ?
46.worthwhile?adj 值得的 ?
47.physical?adj 身体的，物理的 ?
48.sudden?adj 突然的 ?
49.merely?adv 仅仅，只 =only ?
50.rarely?adv 罕见的 ?
51.splendidly?adj 极好地，灿烂地 ?
52.increasingly?adv 越来越多地 ?
53.naturally?adv 自然地 ?
54.accurate?adj 精确的，准确的 ?
55.ridiculous?adj 可笑的，荒谬的 ?
56.urgent?adj 紧急的，急迫的 ?
57.shallow?adj 浅的，肤浅的 ?
58.frequently?adv 经常地,频繁地 ?
59.especially?adv 特别地，尤其地 ?
? ???=particularly ?
60.obviously?adv 显而易见? ?
? ? ??=apparently ?
61.necessarily?adv 必要地，必须地，必然地 ?
62.generally?adv 一般地，通常地 ?
63.eventually?adv 最终，最后 ?
64.adoptable?adv 可采用的,可收养的 ?
65.acceptable?adj 可以接受的 ?
66.available?adj 可利用的,可使用的，可得到的 ?
67.accessible?adj 易接近的，易受影响的，可理解的 ?
68.relatively?adv 相对地，比较地 ?
69.approximately?adv大约 ?
70.absolutely?adv 绝对正确地 ?
71.punctual?adj 守时的 ?
72.gentle?adj 温柔的 ?
73.neatly?adv 整洁地 ?
74.entirely?adv 完全地 ?
75.highly?adv 高度地，非常地 ?
76.strongly?adv 强烈地，坚固地 ?
77.extremely?adv 极端地，非常 ?
78.reasonably?adv 合乎情理地 ?
79.eagerly?adv 热切地；渴望地 ?
80.badly?adv 很，非常 ?
81.slightly?adv 稍微，轻微地 ?
82.equally?adv 平等地 ?
83.lately?adv 最近 ?
84.enthusiastic?adj 热情的;热烈的;热心的 ?
85.energetic?adj 精力充沛的，有活力的 ?
86.talkative?adj ①喜欢说话的②多嘴的③健谈的 ?
87.impressive?adj 影象深刻的 ?
88.traditional?adj 传统的 ?
89.practical?adj 实践的,实际的 ?
90.similar?adj 类似的，相似的 ?
91.convenient?adj 方便的，便利的 ?
92.sooner or later?迟早，早晚 ?
93.more or less?或多或少，差不多，几乎 ?
94.once in a while?偶尔，时不时地 ?
95.now and then?偶尔，有时 ?
96. willingly?adv 情愿地 ?
97. unexpectedly?adv 出乎意料地 ?
98.unwillingly?adv 不情愿地 ?
99. unforgettable?adj 难忘的 ?
100.doubtful?adj 可疑的；令人生疑的；疑心的；不能确定的 ?
101. hardly / scarcely?adv 几乎不 ?
102. respectable?adj 值得尊敬的 ?
103. respectful?adj 恭敬的，有礼貌的 ?
104. distinguished?adj 著名的；卓著的；高贵的 ?
105. complicated?adj 难懂的，复杂的 ?
106. awkward/clumsy?adj 尴尬的，笨拙的 ?
107. previous?adj 以前的 ?
450个高频词组
1. a host of ?大量?
2. a test for ?检测目的?
3. a test on ?对……进行测试?
4. a test with ?检测手段?
5. above all ?最重要的；首先
6. according to ?根据?
7. achieve equilibrium ?取得平衡?
8. achieve one's purpose ?达到目的?
9. achieve success ?获得成功?
10. achieve victory ?获得胜利?
11. act on ?遵照...行动；作用于
12. act out ?表演出来?
13. add up to ?总计，合计?
14. add...to... ?把…...加到…...
15. adhere to 坚持，奉行
16. after all ?毕竟，终究
17. agree on ?对……取得一致意见?
18. agree to ?同意，赞成?
19. agree with sb. ?同意某人的话?
20. along with ?和......一起
21. alternate (with) ?交替
22. amount to ?合计；共计
23. an equal to ?与…(地位)相同的人/物
24. and yet ?然而?
25. anything but ?一点也不
26. anything like ?像……那样的东西?
27. anywhere near ?接近于?
28. apart form ?除……之外尚有?
29. apply to ?向……申请；适用于?
30. appreciation of ?对……的欣赏/赞赏?
31. argue against ?反对?
32. as a result of ?作为……的结果；由于?
33. as a result ?结果；因此
34. as a whole ?作为一个整体，整个看来?
35. as far as… ?就……而言?
36. as for ?至于，关于
37. as if ?好像，仿佛?
38. as soon as ?一......就......
39. as though ?好像，仿佛?
40. as to 至于，关于
41. as well ?也
42. as yet ?迄今，到目前为止?
43. aside from ?除......之外
44. associate…with… ?把……和......联系起来?
45. association with ?与……的交往/联合?
46. at a disadvantage ?处于不利地位?
47. at a loss ?不知所措?
48. at a time ?每次，一次?
49. at all 丝毫，根本
50. at any moment ?随时
51. at first ?首先，最初
52. at large ?未被捕获的，自由行动的，详尽的
53. at last ??终于，最终
54. at least ?至少?
55. at length ?最终，详细地
56. at most ?最多?
57. at no time ?从不，决不?
58. at one time ?曾经
59. at the cost of ?以……为代价?
60. at the least ?至少，无论如何
61. at times ?有时，间或
62. at…speed ?以……的速度?
63. attend on ?照顾，侍候
64. attribute…to... ?把……归于......?
65. back up ?后退，支持
66. be based on ?基于?
67. be able to ?能够?
68. be about to ?正打算?
69. be accustomed to ?习惯于?
70. be associated with ?与……有关
71. be aware of ?意识到
72. be capable of ?有能力做......
73. be caught ?遇到，陷入?
74. be committed to ?被交给，答应承担义务
75. be confined to ?限制在，局限于
76. be confined/be restricted ?受……限制?
77. be dedicated to 奉献，献给
78. be devoted to 献身于/致力于......
79. be directed to ?指向，针对?
80. be drawn to ?被......所吸引
81. be due to ?由于
82. be exposed to 暴露在...下，接触...
83. be fond of 喜爱?
84. be full of 充满
85. be habitual to(him) ??对(他来说)习以为常?
86. be in order ?合适，恰当
87. be involved in ?参与，参加
88. be involved with ?涉及，与……有关连
89. be left to ?由...来决定，由...来想办法
90. be limited to ?限制在...，限定在...
91. be linked to/with ?与…连接/有联系?
92. be proud of ?为...而骄傲
93. be referred to ?被提及
94. be related to ?与……有关?
95. be sick of ?厌恶/讨厌...
96. be subject to ?经受，遭受
97. be suitable for ?适合于?
98. be sure of ?对...肯定
99. be thrown in ?额外赠送?
100. be tied by/with ?被……捆绑
101. be tied to ?束缚于，捆绑于?
102. be tired of ?厌倦/厌烦...
103. behind time ?晚点?
104. belief in ?对……的真实性或正确性具有的信心?
105. believe…to be... ?相信……是......?
106. better than ?好于……
107. beyond question ?毋庸置疑?
108. break away ?脱离，逃跑?
109. break down ?损坏，分解，瓦解?
110. break into ?闯入?
111. break in ?闯入，打断?
112. break off ?断绝，结束?
113. break out ?突发，爆发?
114. break through ?突破?
115. break up ?结束,打碎?
116. bring about ?引起，带来
117. bring forward ?提出
118. bring out ?使出现，公布，出版
119. bring up ?提出，养育，呕吐
120. by accident ?偶然
121. by all means ?无论如何
122. by chance ?偶然，意外地?
123. by choice ?通过选择?
124. by contrast ?对比之下
125. by means of ?用，依靠，借助于?
126. by means of ?借助于?
127. by mistake ?错误地?
128. by the way ?顺便提一下?
129. by virtue of ?凭借，由于
130. by way of ?经由，通过…方式?
131. call forth ?唤起?
132. call for ?邀请，要求，需要?
133. call off ?取消?
134. call on/upon ?访问，拜访?
135. care for ?照顾，关心，喜欢?
136. carry out ?贯彻，执行
137. cast light on sth. ?阐明某事
138. catch up with ?赶上
139. catch sight of ?看见
140. center on 集中在，以...为中心
141. characterized by 以...为特征
142. coincide with 与……相符?
143. come from 来自，来源于
144. come off ?成功，脱离
145. come on ?快点，上演，突然产生
146. come out ?出版，出现，结果是?
147. come to ?等于，结果是，总计，达到?
148. come under attack ?受到打击?
149. come under ?归入，受到
150. come up ?走近，上升，发芽，被提出
151. comment on ?评论，发表意见
152. commit to ?交付，把……投入?
153. comply with ?遵守，服从
154. conform to 遵守，符合，顺应?
155. consist of ?由...组成?
156. consistent in ?在(某方面)一致?
157. consistent with ?与……一致?
158. contribute to 有助于，促进
159. copy out ?抄写
160. correlate with ?使...与...产生相互关系
161. count on ?指望
162. cut away ?砍掉
163. cut down ?削减
164. cut off ?切断，中断
165. cut out ?删掉
166. dedicate…to... ?奉献
167. depend on ?依靠，依赖，取决于?
168. die back ?枯死
169. die down ?逐渐消失，止息
170. die off ?相继死去
171. die out ?消失，死绝
172. difference in ?在……方面的差别?
173. do something for/to ?改进，增强?
174. doubt about ?怀疑?
175. due to ?由于,因为?
176. dwell on ?详述，细想?
177. enter for ?报名参加
178. enter into 开始?(谈话,讨论)
179. entertain a proposal ?愿意考虑这一建议?
180. entertain an idea ?抱着一种想法?
181. even if ?即使，虽然?
182. even though ?即使，虽然?
183. ever since ?此后一直
184. faithful to ?忠心于?
185. fall from ?从…落下
186. far from ?毫不，远非?
187. favor of ?喜欢?
188. figure out ?计算出，解决，理解?
189. find out ?查明?
190. focus on ?集中于
191. followed by ?接着是
192. for all ?尽管
193. for example ?举例来说?
194. for instance=for example
195. for sale ?待售，出售?
196. for the purpose of ?为了...目的
197. for the sake of ?为了...起见?
198. frankly speaking ?坦白来说?
199. freedom from ?免于…的自由
200. from all appearances ?从各种迹象来看
201. from all sides ?从四面八方，全面地?
202. from now on ?从现在开始?
203. from/by all accounts ?人人都说?
204. gather up ?集拢
205. generally speaking ?一般来说?
206. get along with ?进展，相处
207. get away ?逃脱，离开?
208. get about ?四处走动，（消息）传开?
209. get down to ?开始，着手?
210. get in ?进入，陷入，收获
211. give in ?妥协，让步，投降，屈服?
212. give off ?发出（光、热等）；长出（枝、杈等）
213. give out ?分发，发出，用尽，精疲力竭
214. give away ?赠送，泄露?
215. give up ?放弃?
216. give way ?让路，让步?
217. go beyond ?超越，超过
218. go by ?从…旁走过，顺访?
219. go for ?追求?
220. go in ?进入，参加?
221. go through ?经历?
222. hand on ?传下来，依次传递?
223. hand out ?分发，散发?
224. hand over ?移交?
225. have a bearing on ?与…有关系?
226. have difficulty with ?与...有分歧/相处不好
227. hold back ?隐瞒；退缩；抑制；阻止?
228. hold down 抑制；压制；保有?
229. hold on to ?紧紧抓住，坚持?
230. hold on ?不挂断电话，继续?
231. hold out ?维持，伸出，提出，坚持?
232. hold up ?举起；阻挡；拦截?
233. hold off ?保持距离，不接近?
234. if only ?要是...就好了（用于虚拟语气）
235. in use ?在使用中
236. in…degree ?在……程度上?
237. in a sense ?在某种意义上
238. in a state of ?处于…的状态?
239. in a way ?在某种程度上
240. in accord with ?与…一致?
241. in addition to ?除…之外，并且?
242. in all ?总共
243. in any case ?无论如何，不管怎样
244. in case of ?万一…
245. in case ?假使，以防
246. in circles=in a circle ?在原地兜圈子，毫无进展?
247. in consequence ?因此，结果
248. in doubt ?有怀疑?
249. in effect ?实际上，生效
250. in essence ?本质上
251. in fact ?实际上?
252. in firm voice ?用坚定的声音
253. in general ?一般来说，大体上
254. in addition ?此外，而且
255. in line with ?与...一致，符合...
256. in mind ?在心里，记住
257. in need of ?需要?
258. in no way ?决不?
259. in one's opinion ?在某人看来?
260. in terms of ?依据
261. in the way ?妨碍，阻碍?
262. in order to ?为了?
263. in order ?秩序井然，按顺序
264. in particular ?尤其，特别
265. in perspective ?关系恰当地，观察合理地
266. in point of ?说到，关于?
267. in question ?讨论中的，考虑中的
268. in reference to ?关于
269. in regard to ?关于?
270. in relation to ?关于，至于
271. in reply to ?答复
272. in response to ?作为对...的回答/反应
273. in return for ?作为对...的回报/交换
274. in short ?简言之
275. in spite of ?尽管
276. in terms of ?依据，在...方面
277. in the analysis of ?对…进行分析
278. in the bargain ?此外，还?
279. in the case of ?就...来说
280. in the company of ?陪伴，伴随
281. in the course of ?在…过程中，在…期间?
282. in the end ?最后?
283. in the event of ?万一发生
284. in the form of ?以...的形式
285. in the light of ?鉴于，由于
286. in the process of ?在...的过程中
287. in time ?及时
288. in turn ?依次地，反过来
289. in vain ?徒劳?
290. in whole 整个地?
291. infuse … into ?注入?
292. insist on ?坚持
293. instead of ?代替?
294. interest in ?对…的兴趣?
295. irrespective of ?不顾的，不考虑的
296. isolate…from ?使...与...隔离，使孤立
297. it used to be ?过去的情况是…
298. join in ?参加(某种活动)
299. lay emphasis on ?强调
300. lay/put blame on ?责怪，归咎于
301. lead off ?开始
302. lead on ?继续引领
303. lead out ?开始
304. lead to ?导致
305. less than ?不如，少于?
306. link together ?联系在一起?
307. long before ?早在...之前，很久以前?
308. look on ?旁观
309. loyal to ?忠诚于?
310. make a step ?走一步?
311. make for ?有助于，有利于
312. make one's way ?前进，行进?
313. make out ?弄懂，辨认出
314. make sure ?查明，确保
315. make towards ?朝…走去?
316. make way ?开路，让路?
317. mean by ?…的意思，…意味着?
318. more…than... ?与其说…不如说…
319. more than ?不仅，不止，多于
320. much as ?虽然,尽管
321. no less…than ?和…一样…，既…又…
322. no mor …than ?既不会…也不会...?
323. not…but… ?不是…而是…
324. now that ?既然，由于
325. object to ?反对
326. of course ?当然?
327. on a large scale ?大规模的(地)
328. on a national scale ?在全国范围内?
329. on account of ?由于
330. on average ? 平均地
331. on behalf of ?代表，为了
332. on campus ?在校园?
333. on occasion ?偶尔
334. on radio ?用无线电，通过广播
335. on the average ?平均地
336. on the basis of ? 根据，在……的基础上?
337. on the contrary ?相反?
338. on the grounds of ?以…为理由?
339. on the occasion of ?在…场合，值...之际
340. on the other hand ?另一方面?
341. on the radio ?通过广播，无线电广播中
342. on the side ?额外地，作为兼职
343. on the side of ?在…一边?
344. on the whole ?总的来看
345. on time ?准时
346. one another ?相互?
347. one or other ?不管哪一个?
348. only if ?只要，只有
349. other than ?除了
350. out of step ?不一致，不协调
351. out of the question ?不可能的?
352. out of use ?不使用?
353. owe…to… ?把…归功于...?
354. pass out ?分发，昏倒
355. pass off ?中止，停止
356. pass on ?传递
357. pass by ?去世
358. pay attention to ?注意
359. pay by check ?用支票支付?
360. pay in cash/pay cash ?付现金
361. pay off ?偿清，取得好结果
362. persist in ?坚持?
363. pick up ?捡起，学会，接
364. plan for ?为...订计划
365. point to ?指向
366 properly speaking ?正确(公正)地讲?
367. provided that ?假若，倘如
368. put together ?加在一起;
369. put up with ?忍受
370. quite other ?完全不同的?
371. rather than ?而不是?
372. refer to ?提到，参考?
373. reflect discredit on ?使丧失名誉?
374. reflect on ?思考，反省
375. rely on ?依靠，指望
376. remove…from… ?把…从…去掉，撤职
377. responsible for ?对...负责
378. result from ?由…产生
379. result in ?导致?
380. ripe for ?为...做好准备
381. root out ?发现?
382. run a risk ?冒风险
383. sacrifice something to ?为…牺牲某事?
384. secure sth. from attack ?确保…免受攻击?
385. set about ?开始，着手?
386. set aside ?留出?
387. set back ?推迟，延缓
388. set down ?放下，记下?
389. set forth ?阐明，陈述?
390. set off ?出发，使爆炸?
391. set out ?陈列，显示，启程?
392. share with ?与...分享
393. shoot a film ?拍摄一个镜头?
394. side with站 ?在...一边，支持
395. similar to ?与...相似
396. since then ?从那时起?
397. something like ?大约，有几分像…
398. sooner than ?早于
399. speed up ?加速
400. stand for ?代表
401. step up ?增加，加速
402. stick to ?坚持，坚持，遵循
403. stimulated by ?受...的刺激
404. stir up ?激起，挑起
405. such as ?比方说，例如
406. support for ?对…的支持?
407. sure enough ?果然
408. take away ?拿走，夺走
409. take a step ?采取措施
410. take advantage of ?利用
411. take away ?消耗，清除?
412. take care of ?照顾
413. take...for ?把...看作...
414. take in ?接受，吸收，欺骗?
415. take on ?呈现，从事?
416. take over ?接管?
417. take to ?开始喜欢，开始从事，开始沉湎于?
418. take up with ?开始和...来往
419. take up ?占据，从事?
420. thanks to ?由于，幸亏?
421. the bulk of… ?的主要部分，大多数?
422. the former…the latter… ?前者…，后者...
423. to…extent ?在…范围，到…程度?
424. to caution against ?对…予以警告?
425. to center around ?以…为中心?
426. to some extent ?某种程度上
427. to such an extent that ?到...的程度，以至
431. to turn sth. into ?把…转换为...?
432. together with ?一起?
433. transition to ?向…的过渡，向…的转变?
434. turn away ?走开，转过脸?
435. turn over ?翻过来?
436. turn round ?转过身来?
437. turn to ?求助于?
438. turn up ?调大，出现
439. what is more ?而且
440. with regard to ?关于
441. with that ?说罢
442. with the exception of ?除...外?
443. with…speed ?以…的速度?
444. work away 一直在工作?
445. work out ?解决，算出，制定出?
446. work up ?逐步建立，逐步发展
447. worse than ?坏于…
448. write in ?提出书面要求?
449. write off ?报废，勾销?
450. write out ?写出,取消某角色
完型填空考查综合运用语言的能力：
1）词语辨析能力?
2）语法结构分析能力?
3）语篇理解能力?
4）逻辑推理能力?
5）文化背景透析能力?
6）生活常识综合运用能力
关注“一事一议一心理”文章
解题技巧
1.利用动词词组中的介词或副词确定正确选项
如果我们认识某一词组，可根据自己的判断毫不犹豫地选择你认为是正确的选项。如果不认识或拿不准它们的意义，我们可以根据动词后边的介词或副词进行推导。
2.利用固定搭配或习惯用语
完形题目涉及对各种短语、固定词组和惯用语的测试，其所占的比例相当大。测试范围包括动词短语、动词与其他词语构成的习语、介词短语、形容词短语等。这类词组主要是习惯性和固定搭配用法，不能主观臆测，也不能随意创造，只能靠死记硬背。
3.根据邻近原则，利用词语意义的互相联系，确定选择的依据
（1）选项为名词时，其前后的名词为选择的依据。
（2）选项为动词、动词词组（包括动名词、动词的分词形式）时，其前后的动词、名词、介词为选择依据。
（3）选项为形容词时，可以其前后出现的名词、动词、副词、介词为依据。
（4）选项为副词时，其前后出现的动词、形容词、副词为判断依据。
考纲要求：考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关的信息。考生应能：
(1)理解主旨和要义；
(2)理解文中的具体信息；
(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义；
(4)根据文章的内容做出判断和推理；
(5)理解文章的基本结构；
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
（三）阅读理解
1、侧重考生对语篇的整体理解，主要考查考生理解主旨和要义、理解文中具体信息、根据上下文推断生词的词义、做出判断和推理、理解文章的基本结构等能力，同时考查考生的快速阅读能力、跨文化交际意识和学习策略等；
2、阅读理解分为两节：第一节的前四篇文章为传统题型；第二节为“七选五”任务型阅读；
3、阅读理解部分绝大多少单词都控制在考纲词汇表中，文中注释的生词只有6个。
4、体裁搭配合理，话题丰富多彩； 总阅读量1500词左右。
【命题特点】
考查的内容及难度
篇目及文体 主要内容 难度
系数
A（记叙文） 讲述一个送奶工的生活故事 0.60
B（时文） 讲述一个英国的高个子组织TPCGP向宾馆和酒店发起的针对高个子的一些特殊需求的活动 0.58
C（时文） 美国老百姓在花园种植蔬菜应对危机 0.61
D（应用文） 四则招聘启示，分别招聘制片人、圣诞老人扮演者、财务助理和软件培训师 0.80
E（说明文） 家长如何帮助孩子了解钱的用途和如何使用钱 0.67
平均分26分，难度系数0.65 。
谢谢
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