第二部分 中考题型攻略
题型五 书面表达
考情概览
分析柳州近6年中考真题可知,此题型的命题特点如下:
年份
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
话题
Jack想结交更多的中国朋友, 请将你的男同学陈东介绍给他
计划举办一场告别初中生活的晚会
对笔友学习和生活上的问题提建议
旅游计划
帮助父母做家务
制定到幸福村做志愿者的计划
类别
描写人物
计划安排类
做法建议类
计划安排类
叙事类
计划安排类
体裁
应用文
应用文
应用文
应用文
记叙文
应用文
字数
70词左右
70词左右
70词左右
70词左右
70词左右
70词左右
要点
表格信息
表格信息
表格信息
表格信息
表格信息
表格信息
参考词汇
7个参考词(7个短语,中英)
8个参考词(4个短语,4个单词,中英)
10个参考词(9个短语,1个单词,中英)
7个参考词汇(7个短语,中英)
8个参考词汇(6个短语,2个单词,中英)
6个参考词汇(中英)
解题方法与技巧
一、审
“审”即审题。具体包括以下四方面:
1. 审文体。审清题干要求用什么文体, 是说明文、记叙文还是议论文。
2. 审要求。认真阅读题干所提供的信息、词汇和要求。如:信息包括哪些内容要点、文章的词数、是否要隐瞒个人信息等。
3. 审人称。要弄清楚书面表达要求用何种人称, 是第一人称、第二人称还是第三人称。
4. 定时态。一般来说, 故事性文章用过去时, 其中表达感受时可用现在时;说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时;谈论理想和未来打算的文章用将来时。
二、列
“列”即列提纲。根据题目所提供的信息, 用简单的句子或短语列出文章要点, 来确定文章的框架。
三、扩
“扩”即扩写句子。它是在主干的基础上添枝加叶, 也就是说, 根据表达的需要添加定语、状语、补语等修饰及说明成分;也可适当使用复合句。
四、连
“连”即连句成文。为了使句子或段落语义连贯, 表达合理准确, 可以适当加入一些连接词。
表示并列或递进:both…and…, what's more, not only…but also…
表示转折:but, however, otherwise, yet, while
表示因果:because, as a result, because of
表示条件:if, unless
表示对比:on one hand…on the other hand...
表示顺序:to begin with, first of all, finally, in the end
表示结论:all in all, in a word, in my opinion
五、美
“美”即美化文章。为了使文章优美, 我们可以这样做:
1. 正确使用修饰词、连接词、高级词汇或1-2个复合句。
2. 不同程度的考生应有不同的写作要求。基础较薄弱的考生, 多用一些课本上的基本句型;而对于基础比较好的考生, 则可使用比较复杂的句型或常见谚语、俗语等。
3. 检查语法、单词拼写及大小写是否正确, 表达是否地道, 篇章是否连贯, 标点符号是否使用正确。
六、抄
书写要工整、美观、规范, 并且卷面须整洁, 尽量不做任何涂改。书写英文单词时,英文字母不要压到答题线。
类别一 计划安排类(2018,2016,2014)
命题探索
“计划安排”类话题柳州近6年中考共考查3次,具体为:2018年“邀请外教参加晚会”;2016年“旅游计划”;2014年“制定到幸福村做志愿者的计划”。
典例剖析(2019黄石改编)
审 好 题
假设你是国际学校的学生李华,你的同学Tom写了一封邮件询问你暑假的安排,请给李华回封邮件,
↓
审主题:暑假安排 审文体:应用文
告知你的计划,并邀请他来黄石游玩。
审人称:第一人称
内容包括:
介绍自己的暑假计划
读一些有意义的书,加经典文学作品
参加社会实践活动;帮父母做家务;和朋友一起锻炼
发出邀请
注意:
1. 词数70左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 邮件的开头和结尾部分已给出,不计入总词数;
4. 文中不得出现真实的人名与校名。
参考词汇:
有意义的meaningful 花费(时间)spend
经典文学作品classic literature works 参加take part in
社会实践活动social practice activities
列提纲、写句子
成篇章
Dear Tom,
I'm very happy to hear from you.___________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
句子升格
1. First, I want to read some meaningful and good books.(用first of all升格)
________________________________________________________________________
2. I hope you can come to Huangshi in summer vacation.(用look forward to升格)
________________________________________________________________________
范文升格
Dear Tom,
I'm very happy to hear from you. Now I'm going to tell you my plan for the summer vacation.
①First of all, I want to read some meaningful and good books. Maybe these books will be helpful for my future study, such as some classical literature works or grammar books. Also, I'm going to take part in some social practice activities at the weekend. I think they are useful for my future work. Then, I want to spend more time helping my parents do some housework. Finally, I plan to go to the park with my friends every morning or afternoon for exercise.
②I am looking forward to your coming to Huangshi in summer vacation. At that time, I will be your tour guide.
Yours,
Li Hua
写作练兵
第1篇(2019五城区模拟)
假定你是某个中学学生会主席李华,美国一个中学的代表团来你校访问,正好你们即将开展一个“English Talent Show”的活动,你诚挚地邀请美国客人来参加这个活动。请根据写作要点写一封邀请信。
写作要点: 1. 邀请他们来参加此次活动;
2. 介绍活动的具体内容;
3. 期待对方接受邀请,并表示感谢。
名称
English Talent Show
时间、地点
本周四下午2:00~5:00;学生中心(the Student Center)
内容
唱英文歌,单词拼写,讲故事等等
目的(purpose)
培养学生学英语的兴趣和锻炼英语的听说能力(abilities in listening and speaking)
注意: 1. 应包括所给内容要点,可适当发挥,使文章连贯;
2. 词数70左右,短文开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名与校名。
参考词汇:邀请(invite...to...)
拼写单词(spell words)
培养兴趣(develop one's interest in...)
锻炼能力(practice abilities in...)
Dear American guests,
I am Li Hua, Chairman of the Student Union. We students will express our warm welcome to you.___________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案:
Dear American guests,
I am Li Hua, Chairman of the Student Union. We students will express our warm welcome to you. There is going to be an English talent show from 2:00pm. To 5:00pm. this Thursday at the student center. I’d like to invite you all to join us.
In the show, many students will sing English songs, spell new words, tell stories and act some famous plays.The purpose of this activity is to develop our interest in English and practice abilities in listening and speaking.
We’re sure that we’ll have a happy time together. Looking forward to your coming with pleasure.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
类别二 写人叙事类(2019,2015)
命题探索
“写人叙事”类话题柳州近6年中考共考查2次,具体为:2019年“向英国笔友Jack介绍男同学陈东”;2015年“帮助父母做家务的经历”。
典例剖析(2019宁夏改编)
审 好 题
第四届“丝绸之路”宁夏国际马拉松赛将于2020年5月举行。假设你是李华,你想成为本届马拉松赛的一名志愿者。请用英语给组委会写一封申请信。
↓
审文体:应用文 审主题:想成为马拉松赛的志愿者;审人称:第一人称
内容包括:
个人优势
擅长英语
性格开朗
做事认真
爱好运动
个人承诺
尽力提供优质服务
注意:
1. 词数70左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 邮件的开头和结尾部分已给出,不计入总词数;
4. 文中不得出现真实的人名与校名。
参考词汇:
志愿者volunteer 服务service
擅长be good at 开朗的outgoing
认真对待take...seriously 感兴趣be interested in
准备做……be ready to do sth. 提供offer
列提纲、写句子
成 篇 章
Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua. I'm very glad that the 4th “Silk Road” International Marathon will be held in Ningxia in May,2020.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
句子升格
1. I'm outgoing. I take everything seriously.(用and升格)
________________________________________________________________________
2. Last, I'm always ready to help others and good at working with people.(用what's more升格)
________________________________________________________________________
3. I will be very happy. I can be chosen as a volunteer. (用if升格)
________________________________________________________________________
范文升格
Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua. I'm very glad that the 4th “Silk Road” International Marathon will be held in Ningxia in May,_ 2020. I'd like to be a volunteer.
I'm a boy of 15, a middle school student. First of all, I do well in English. ①I'm outgoing and I take everything seriously. Besides, I am interested in sports and I have been a volunteer before. ②What's more, I'm always ready to help others and good at working with people.
I promise I'll try to offer my best service during the race. ③I will be very happy if I can be chosen as a volunteer.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
写作练兵
第2篇(2020原创)
假如你是李华,你的好朋友Lucy想参加China Daily举办的以“梦想职业体验”为主题的2020年夏令营活动,请你给主办人Mr. Smith写一封邮件介绍你的好朋友。内容包括:
个人信息
外向、乐于助人
兴趣爱好
最喜欢读书
梦想职业
受父母影响,想成为医生
个人计划
努力学习,进入医学院
注意:
1. 词数70左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 邮件的开头和结尾部分已给出,不计入总词数;
4. 文中不得出现真实的人名与校名。
参考词汇:
爱好hobby 最喜欢like best
影响influence 成为医生to be a doctor
努力学习study hard 医学院medical university
Dear Mr. Smith,
I'm very happy to have a chance to introduce my friend Lucy to you. She is an outgoing and helpful girl, and it's easy for her to get on well with others. _________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Mr.Smith,
I'm very happy to have a chance to introduce my friend Lucy to you.(开篇点明题意) She is an outgoing and helpful girl, and it's easy for her to get on well with others.
Lucy likes reading best.She often spends lots of time reading in the library with her classmates after school. (高分句型一) To her parents’ influence, she wants to be a doctor when she grows up. She studies hard to go to a medical college. So After knowing your summer camp, she feels very excited because it's about her dream job experience.If she has this kind of oppotunity to experience his dream job,I think she will cherish this chance.(高分句型二)
She hopes to join in the activity and look forward to your reply.(结尾给出期望)
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
类别三 做法建议类(2017)
命题探索
“做法建议”类话题柳州近6年中考仅在2017年考查了“对笔友学习和生活上的问题提建议”。全国考查的角度还有:关于安全的建议、关于健康的建议和人际交往的建议等等。
典例剖析(2019贵港改编)
审 好 题
假如你是李华,你的笔友Sam在学校和同学发生了一些矛盾。现在他来信,请你给他一些关于怎样与他人相处和自我保护的建议。请根据下面表格提示,用英文给他写一封回信。内容包括:
审主题:关于怎样与他人相处和自我保护的建议 审文体:应用文
审人称:第一人称
学会相处
学会倾听;互相帮助;学会和同学沟通;
自我保护
不在网上交友;及时求助老师和父母
对学习、生活的影响
拥有一个快乐的学校生活;拥有一个安全的日常生活
注意:
1. 词数70左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 邮件的开头和结尾部分已给出,不计入总词数;
4. 文中不得出现真实的人名与校名。
参考词汇:
与某人相处得好get on well with sb.
沟通communicate with
网上交友make friends online
向……求助turn to... 及时in time
列提纲、写句子
成 篇 章
Dear Sam,
How's it going? I'm happy to tell you how to get on well with others and protect ourselves.________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
句子升格
1. Help people when they are in trouble.(用定语从句升格)
________________________________________________________________________
2. You come across danger. You can turn to your teachers and parents in time.(用if升格)
________________________________________________________________________
3. I'm sure that these ways will make you have a happy school life and have a safe daily life.(用not only...but also...升格)
________________________________________________________________________
范文升格
Dear Sam,
How's it going? I'm happy to tell you how to get on well with others and protect ourselves.
As for getting on well with others, you should first learn to listen to others carefully. Secondly, ① get ready to help those who are in trouble. Thirdly, master some skills to communicate with your classmates. On the other hand, self-protection is also very important for us students. First of all, don't make friends online. What's more,② if you come across danger, turn to your teachers and parents in time.
③I'm sure that these ways will make you not only have a happy school life, but also have a safe daily life.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
写作练兵
第3篇(2019海南改编)
假设你是李华,请你给英语报刊的主编David发一封邮件,谈谈你的保护视力的合理建议。内容包括:
原因
看书姿势不正确; 很少做锻炼;在光线暗的地方看书
建议
坐姿端正
学习的时候要适当休息
吃一些对眼睛有益的食物
注意:
1. 词数70左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
4. 文中不得出现真实的人名与校名。
参考词汇:
错误的姿势wrong position 做锻炼take exercise
坐姿端正sit straight 对……有好处be good for
Dear David,
As the saying goes, “Eyes are the windows to the soul.” However, 70% of us have poor eyesight. What has caused this problem?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let's take care of our eyes so that we can see our bright future.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案:
?Dear David,
As the saying goes, “Eyes are the windows to the soul.” However, 70% of us have poor eyesight. What has caused this problem?? ? In my opinion,there are three main reasons.First,we often read in a wrong position.Second,we take less exercise.Third,some spend too much time before televisions or computers,or read in a dim light. ?? So, When we’re reading,make sure we are in bright places and let our eyes rest every hour.Whenever we are free,we can do some exercises to restore our eyes quickly.We can eat more vegetables and carrots, they are good for our eyes. Also, we should have our eyes checked regularly. Let's take care of our eyes so that we can see our bright future.
Yours,
Li Hua