高考英语二轮专题复习课件：完形填空解题思路与技巧（32张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮专题复习课件：完形填空解题思路与技巧（32张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-02-27 17:09:06 | ||
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(共32张PPT)
高考完形填空解题技巧指导 完形填空是高考英语中的一个重要综合性题型。其设置的问题大致可分为三类：词语搭配、结构搭配和逻辑搭配。他是一种综合考查学生语言能力，尤其是语篇层次上交际能力的较难题型。考生必须通读短文，通篇考虑，掌握其大意，综合运用所学的词汇、语法等知识，然后从所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案填空，使短文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。
解答完形填空题因遵循以下四个步骤：? (1)快速通读全文，抓主旨脉络，特别注意首尾句。文章都有中心议题和中心内容。快速通读全文，才能全局在胸，理清思路；抓住主线，才能使思维朝着正确的方向发展。在阅读中要特别注意提示句，尽量记忆关键词、句，力求把文章内容串联起来并在脑海中形成一个完整的图像。 (2) 弄清主旨脉络以后，要逐句精读、逐句分析，用平时积累的英语语法和语言知识，根据文中语义、惯用搭配、文中前后逻辑以及常识进行客观推测，务必克服平时的思维定式。在选择答案的过程中，要先易后难；对少数难题，可暂定答案，在复读全文后再加以分析推敲。 (3) 瞻前顾后，寻觅启示信息。启示信息有以下几个方面：首句提供的信息；通读全文获得的信息；已经补充完整句子提供的信息；后问提供的信息；平时积累的常识和背景知识提供的信息。对上述信息，要全面考虑，寻找启示，做出选择。 (4)复读全文，力求从旁观者的角度清醒地重新审视文章，从整体角度核校答案，进一步加深对文章的理解。要根据文章的中心思想与各段落之间、前后句之间的内在逻辑关系，检查文章的整体性；也可以从语法、词义、惯用法、固定搭配、背景知识等方面进一步验证和修改答案。 (5)、有些题不要钻牛角尖，用正常的思维去考虑，不要把问题搞得太复杂。 (6)、选项填完后，一定要再读全文，从整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否和谐一致、前后照应，上下文衔接。
我们做完形填空存在哪些主要障碍？
1、基础知识的缺失（词汇、词组、语
法等）
2、不能准确理解句意
3、无法找到前后文和字里行间的提示
线索
词汇 ：
increasingly________ turn on _______ fortune________ wealth______
from head to toe _______ run out of________ petrol______ be popular with_______
make a telephone call ________
get through ___________________
get good grades in _______________
moment ______ period_______
destroy________ ruin_______
use up_______ mess up_________ imagine________ describe_______
adv. 越来越多地; 日益
打开
n. 运气; 财产
n. 财产，财富
打电话
接通电话；穿过; 完成
?在某方面取得好成绩
时刻; 瞬间，片刻
时期;?阶段；（一段）时间
v. 破坏，摧毁
v. 破坏，毁灭
用完，耗尽
搞乱; 弄乱，弄糟
Vt. 想像; 设想
叙述; 描写
从头到脚
用完; 耗尽
汽油
受…欢迎
错题统计 ：
技巧一 ：46. A13 ； 48. B3，C2，D3 ；49. D3
（技巧小试） （2）36. A3 ，C4 ；
技巧二 ： 42. A6，B3，D2 ；43. A5 ；44. A10，B3，D5
（技巧小试） 31. B4，C7 ；43. B2，C6，D3
技巧三： 48. B6, D3 ；34. A5, B2，D4
（技巧小试） 30. B5；47. A7
技巧四 ：
（技巧小试） 37. B4，D2
小组研讨
解决错题
错题统计 ：
技巧一 ：46. A13 ； 48. B3，C2，D3 ；49. D3
（技巧小试） （2）36. A3 ，C4 ；
【技巧一】利用逻辑关系语，定位相关选项
（充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，如 and, but, or, though, however, in addition）
【技巧一】利用逻辑关系语，定位相关选项
逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连句手段，主要有：（1）词（包括连词、副词和少数介词），如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等；（2）短语，如in other words, or rather, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等；（3）分句和独立结构，如that is to say, what is more, all things considered等。逻辑关系语对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都围绕它们而设。考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中。
【例】The girl became increasingly worried about this, both when__46__and in her dreams.
46. A. asleep B. away
C. around D. awake
【析】本句的逻辑关系语是both ... and ...，它表示并列关系。and后出现了in her dreams，故此空必定和其有关。选项中只有awake和in her dreams构成反义关系，因此D项正确。
D
【例】 Before leaving, I had turned the heater__48__in the roadhouse, so that when we went in, it was nice and__49__.
48. A. on B. off
C. in D. over
49. A. neat B. hot
C. warm D. attractive
【析】本句的逻辑关系语是so that和and。连词and表并列关系，但要注意，nice and后接形容词或副词，大多意为“很”，如：The room is nice and warm. （这个房间很暖和。） / The breeze is nice and cool. （这阵微风很凉爽。） 发热器只能使房间变暖或变热，因此49 选C；so that表因果关系，根据句意“为了我们进来时室内很温暖”，只有turn on the heater才合乎逻辑，因此48选A。
A
C
【技巧小试】
① It’s a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colorful__36__, instead of the usual school uniform.
36. A. shapes B. dresses
C. flowers D. pictures
②“You need__36__,” his father said. “But if you don’t work hard, no fortune will come.”
36. A. exercise B. fortune
C. knowledge D. wealth
B. dresses
B. fortune
错题统计 ：
技巧二 ： 42. A6，B3，D2 ；43. A5 ；
44. A10，B3，D5
（技巧小试） 31. B4，C7 ；43. B2，C6，D3
【技巧二】通晓上下文意，注意习惯搭配
【技巧二】通晓上下文意，注意习惯搭配
词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配，特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例很大。如果考生在备考时对常用的习惯用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解题时灵活运用，就能达到事半功倍的效果。
【例】 A young man, wet from__42__to toe, explained that he had__43__out of petrol about 30 km up the road.
42. A. finger B. shoulder
C. head D. hand
43. A. driven B. used
C. come D. run
【析】本句中两个考点都是固定搭配。第一个from head to toe / foot意为 “从头到脚，全身上下”；第二个run out of意为 “用完，耗尽”。答案分别为C和D。
【例】 Java began to enjoy one of the year’s greatest event: “the Night of the Full Moon”, a festival（节日）that is especially popular__44__young people.
44. A.for B.to C.with D.in
【析】 be popular with为固定词组，意为“受……欢迎”。其它选项均不能和popular构成固定搭配，故答案为C。
C
D
C
【技巧小试】
①He tried to__31__a telephone call, but was unable to__32__.
31. A. make B. fix
C. use D. pick
32. A. get on B. get up
C. get through D. get in
②He got good grades in the school, especially__43__biology and chemistry, which was a great comfort.
43. A. in B. about
C. of D. for
A. make
C. get through
A. in
错题统计 ：
技巧三： 48. B6, D3 ；34. A5, B2，D4
（技巧小试） 30. B5；47. A7
【技巧三】明确文章语境，搞清词语差异
(在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲什么是最佳答案。 )
【技巧三】明确文章语境，搞清词语差异
高考完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。为了顺利解答此类问题，考生在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲什么是最佳答案。
【例】 I felt the__48__of a lifetime had come.
48. A. moment B. period
C. while D. date
【析】 四个选项均有“日期、时期”之意，但仔细辨析可知，moment 意为“时刻、契机”，“转机”；period意为“时期、阶段”；while意为“一会儿”；date意为“日期”。根据of a lifetime had come（一生的……到了）设置的语境，可知moment为最佳选项。
【例】 ... the lady didn’t take a bite. She sat there__34__her husband eat, and taking turns (轮流) sipping the drink.
34. A. seeing B. noticing
C. watching D. finding
【析】四个选项都有“看”之意。see sb. do sth.意为“看见了某人做了某事”；notice sb. do sth. 意为“（无意中）注意到某人做了某事”；watch sb. do sth. 意为“注视 / 观看某人做某事”，find后不接动词原形作宾补。通过语境可知，女士自己不吃，只是看着丈夫吃，因此C项正确。
A
C
【技巧小试】
①The doors had been shut. They__30__be opened from the inside. He was trapped（被困） in a library.
30. A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t
C. couldn’t D. needn’t
②I was so nervous that my hands shook, and I__47__a cup into pieces.
47. A. damaged B. destroyed
C. broke D. ruined
C. couldn’t
C. broke
错题统计 ：
技巧四 ：
（技巧小试） 37. B4，D2
【技巧四】探究前后逻辑，确定连接词汇
（连接词是构成语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目，考查学生的语用能力。因此，在解题时，要仔细分析，推理前后的逻辑关系，确定最佳选项。 ）
【技巧四】探究前后逻辑，确定连接词汇
连接词是构成语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目，考查学生的语用能力。因此，在解题时，要仔细分析，推理前后的逻辑关系，确定最佳选项。
【例】 She had excellent grades,__24__she always thought that something was missing.
24. A. or B. so C. for D. but
【析】 根据空前的excellent grades和空后的always和something was missing，可推知“她”成绩虽突出，可对生活仍不满足，故选择转折连词but，即答案为D。
【例】 ...“Would you mind telling me when you are thinking of leaving?__40__are you going to sit in your car all day?”
40. A. For B. Or C. But D. So
【析】根据空前的leaving和空后的sit in your car all day，说明对方在询问并让“我”做出选择，从而推知答案为表示选择关系的连词or。
D
B
【技巧小试】
① I told her I would mess it up__37__I had never worked at the bar before.
37. A. because B. though
C. until D. while
A. because
解决词汇问题 ：
完形填空（巩固练习）
company _______
Brazil _______
skip _______
hug _______
puzzled _______
realize _______
replace _______
appreciate _______
tough _______
attract _______
promote _______
contact _______
forgive ______
wonder ______
eagerly ______
nervously ______
curiously ______
patience ______
presence ______
intelligence ______
influence ______
abandon ______
balance ______
compare ______
公司
巴西
跳过；略过
拥抱
困惑的
意识到
取代，代替
欣赏；感激
艰苦的，困难的
吸引
促进；提升；升迁
联系
原谅；宽恕
想知道；琢磨
渴望地
紧张地
?好奇地
耐心
出席；存在；到场
智力
?影响
?遗弃；放弃
平衡
比较
完形填空（巩固练习）
One night，when I was eight，my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget.“Sweetie，my company wants to 26 me but needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling you that you've done 27 and allowing you to skip a grade(跳级)，but you'll have to 28 your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher？”She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was puzzled. The question kept me 29 for the rest of the night. I had said“yes”but for the first time，I realized the 30 decisions adults had to make.
26．A. attract B．promote C．surprise D．praise
27．A. little B．much C．well D．wrong
28．A. leave B．refuse C．contact D．forgive
29．A. explaining B．sleeping C．wondering D．regretting
30．A. poor B．timely C．final D．tough
B
C
A
C
D
完形填空（巩固练习）
For almost four years，my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening I'd 31 wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day. A phone call，however，could never replace her 32 and it was difficult not to feel lonely at times.
… …
It was then 35 I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on 36 family and work.
31．A. eagerly B．politely C．nervously D．curiously
32．A. patience B．presence C．intelligence D．influence
… …
35．A. when B．where C．which D．that
36．A. abandoning B．balancing C．comparing D．mixing
A
B
D
B
回顾、领悟
【技巧五】利用语法关联，推理最佳选项
虽然高考完型填空的考查越来越淡化语法，但一个语义连贯的语篇必须通过省略、指代、时间或地点关联等语法关系来实现。因此，命题人常利用这些关联“制造语境”，设置考点。考生解题时可利用这些语法关系对句子进行分析、判断并推理出最佳选项。
【例】 I was too busy__55__the restaurant I would open one day.
A. imagining B. preparing
C. examining D. describing
【析】如果不看下文时态，很难确定选项。但空后would表明“我”将在未来某一天开自己的饭店，从而推知现在只是在忙着“想像”将来的情景，故答案为A。
【例】 That day, he(Lang Lang) told his father__45__he had been waiting to hear—that he wanted to study with a new teacher.
45. A. that B. what
C. which D. when
【析】 07辽宁卷讲述了青年钢琴家郎朗年幼时学钢琴的故事。解答此题的关键在于确定第二个he的指代对象。如果他指Lang Lang，则句子不但在语法上错误，而且在语义上也讲不通。可见45空要选一个既能引导宾语从句，又能在从句中当hear的宾语的词，在四个待选词中只有what才能胜任，所以应选B。破折号之后的that从句是what的同位语从句。
A
B
【技巧小试】
① ... he would say, “If you want them, make the money and buy them__39__.”
39. A. themselves B. ourselves
C. yourself D. myself
② In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for_ 50 _they are: small hurdles you need to jump ... .
50. A. what B. who
C. where D. which
C. yourself
A. what
【技巧六】联系生活常识，再现相关情景
完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文或叙议结合、富有哲理的论说文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生生活。考生在解题时，可以根据生活常识或结合常识充分地想像当时的情景，从而达到去“伪”存“真”的目的。
【例】 ... the girl was able to lead her birds to run across the grass, but she could not teach them to__45__.
45. A. fly B. race
C. swim D. sing
【析】 根据常识，人类可以race、swim或sing，但是不会直接像鸟一样振翅飞翔，因此小女孩不能教给鸟儿“飞翔”，故答案为A。
【例】 Everywhere, there were the paper remains of used fireworks lying on the ground. Little boys__39__more and covered their ears as they waited__40__for the explosions.
39. A. lit B. bought
C. piled D. removed
40. A. patiently B. calmly
C. worriedly D. excitedly
【析】语境中的Everywhere, there were the paper remains of (used) fireworks lying on the ground.和covered their ears使我们联想起节日放鞭炮或观看别人放鞭炮的情景，即点上鞭炮后兴奋地跑开，捂着耳朵等着其爆炸。因此39题答案为A，40题为D。
A
A
D
【技巧小试】
①Well, less than a week after my arrival in Manila, I was already carpeted with a__43__of mosquito bites. I took many measures to keep myself from being__44__, but they all proved useless.
43. A. shade B. pile
C. cloud D. blanket
44. A. touched B. bitten
C. defeated D. discovered
②By midnight, the fireworks had stopped shooting up from the__55__city in the valley below them. But during the night, the sound continued to be heard from the distance.
55. A. clean B. gray
C. peaceful D. empty
D. blanket
B. bitten
B. gray
【技巧七】突破句子的束缚，捕捉篇章信息
每篇完形填空都围绕一个主题展开，其结构严谨，上下文互为映衬，前后照应，所以解题时考生不要只局限在句子层面上，而要从段落或整篇文章入手，整体把握文章的内容，结合上下文，寻找答案的线索。
【例】 In the clinic, I asked if Michael could be retested, so the specialist tested him again. To my__36__, it was the same score.
Later that evening, I__37__told Frank what I had learned that day. After talking it over, we agreed that we knew our__38__much better than an IQ(智商) test.
... After the ceremony, we told Michael about the__47__IQ score he got when he was six. Since that day, Michael sometimes would look at us and say jokingly,“My dear mom and dad never told me that I couldn’t be a doctor, not until after I graduated from medical school!”
... We went to the same clinic where he had receive the test eighteen years before. This time Michael scored 126, an increase of 36 points.
36. A. joy B. surprise
C. dislike D. disappointment
37. A. tearfully B. fearfully
C. cheerfully D. hopefully
38. A. student B. son
C. friend D. doctor
47. A. high B. same
C. low D. different
【析】 07重庆卷的完形填空以第一人称讲述了如何对待孩子的成长问题。开头就提到Michael的智商测试，随之设置的几个题目都和此有关，可是在本段没有线索。但读到文章最后，“This time Michael scored 126, an increase of 36 points.”，我们茅塞顿开，原来Michael是“我们”的儿子（38. B），六岁时接受了一次智商测试，分数很低（47. C），“我”很失望（36. D），所以“我” 眼含泪水告诉丈夫Frank测试结果（37. A）。
D
A
B
C
【技巧小试】
①（首段） Carolyn Stradley is the founder of C & S Paving In C. （铺路公司） in Atlanta, USA. In the following account, she recalls the job that challenged her__36__and skill but left her flying high.
（尾段） ...“The key to our success was having the courage to take on any job and then being creative in our approach to getting it done.”
36.A. kindness B. patience
C. imagination D. experience
②（首段）... All you need is a webcam and your pretty face to access your PC.
（尾段） ... If the system__29__to recognize your__30__, you can recall the Windows user name and password by using a hot-key combination.
29. A. begins B. tries
C. fails D. stops
30. A. account B. name
C. password D. face
C. imagination
C. fails
D. face
【技巧八】了解文化背景，排除错误选项
完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识。有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确解题。
【例】 We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago. I decided to buy a car because we had sold the one we had in England. ... But when I turned into the main road I suddenly saw a lot of cars racing__31__me.
31. A. after B. with
C. around D. towards
【析】从语篇提供的信息看，“我”来自英国。在英国开车要靠左行驶，那么可以推知作者来到西班牙后，行驶方向出了问题，以致于造成一系列的错误。如果了解此文化知识，对全文的把握就会更加准确。答案为D。
D
【技巧小试】
①Now she was Portia, a strong-willed__17__in Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice. ...
17. A. member B. actress
C. player D. character
② ... On the day of the audition（选拔试演）, she__34__two of Portia’s famous speeches for the auditors. When she had finished, the head of the Drama Club announced the__35__was hers.
34. A. practiced B. planned
C. performed D. delivered
35. A. part B. play
C. speech D. position
D. character
C. performed
A. part
完形填空复习法：
1． 熟练运用，而非机械记忆英语语法和英语语句、惯用法的搭配。语法知识越丰富，单词越熟练，阅读速度就越快，对文章得理解就越全面、深刻和准确。完形填空不直接考察语法，而是通过检查理解程度间接的考查语法。 2． 丰富词汇知识和提高词汇辨析能力。单词的语法知识是基础中的基础。在阅读中要注意形近和近义词在含义和语法搭配上的差异。 3． 熟练掌握阅读技巧，提高语篇阅读能力，要在快速阅读时留意关键的信息词句。完形填空的主旨在于考察阅读理解能力，而不是字斟句酌的能力，所以要学会扫读、略读和寻读，以加快阅读速度，并善于抓语篇的关键词句、主题句和结论句。 4． 形成正确的逻辑推断能力，锐化思维。较强的逻辑思维能力有助于对文章深层次意义的理解，它能使“完形”恢复文章的原貌，变得更加容易。 5． 加强泛读，以拓宽知识面。见多识广，方能应万变，方能“居高临下”的审视和解决问题。 总之，要突破完形填空这个难关，每个考生都必须认真对待，进行强化训练，既要做足量练习，又要避免不加选择的重复练习，要有针对性。日积月累，一定会大有进步。
高考完形填空解题技巧指导 完形填空是高考英语中的一个重要综合性题型。其设置的问题大致可分为三类：词语搭配、结构搭配和逻辑搭配。他是一种综合考查学生语言能力，尤其是语篇层次上交际能力的较难题型。考生必须通读短文，通篇考虑，掌握其大意，综合运用所学的词汇、语法等知识，然后从所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案填空，使短文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。
解答完形填空题因遵循以下四个步骤：? (1)快速通读全文，抓主旨脉络，特别注意首尾句。文章都有中心议题和中心内容。快速通读全文，才能全局在胸，理清思路；抓住主线，才能使思维朝着正确的方向发展。在阅读中要特别注意提示句，尽量记忆关键词、句，力求把文章内容串联起来并在脑海中形成一个完整的图像。 (2) 弄清主旨脉络以后，要逐句精读、逐句分析，用平时积累的英语语法和语言知识，根据文中语义、惯用搭配、文中前后逻辑以及常识进行客观推测，务必克服平时的思维定式。在选择答案的过程中，要先易后难；对少数难题，可暂定答案，在复读全文后再加以分析推敲。 (3) 瞻前顾后，寻觅启示信息。启示信息有以下几个方面：首句提供的信息；通读全文获得的信息；已经补充完整句子提供的信息；后问提供的信息；平时积累的常识和背景知识提供的信息。对上述信息，要全面考虑，寻找启示，做出选择。 (4)复读全文，力求从旁观者的角度清醒地重新审视文章，从整体角度核校答案，进一步加深对文章的理解。要根据文章的中心思想与各段落之间、前后句之间的内在逻辑关系，检查文章的整体性；也可以从语法、词义、惯用法、固定搭配、背景知识等方面进一步验证和修改答案。 (5)、有些题不要钻牛角尖，用正常的思维去考虑，不要把问题搞得太复杂。 (6)、选项填完后，一定要再读全文，从整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否和谐一致、前后照应，上下文衔接。
我们做完形填空存在哪些主要障碍？
1、基础知识的缺失（词汇、词组、语
法等）
2、不能准确理解句意
3、无法找到前后文和字里行间的提示
线索
词汇 ：
increasingly________ turn on _______ fortune________ wealth______
from head to toe _______ run out of________ petrol______ be popular with_______
make a telephone call ________
get through ___________________
get good grades in _______________
moment ______ period_______
destroy________ ruin_______
use up_______ mess up_________ imagine________ describe_______
adv. 越来越多地; 日益
打开
n. 运气; 财产
n. 财产，财富
打电话
接通电话；穿过; 完成
?在某方面取得好成绩
时刻; 瞬间，片刻
时期;?阶段；（一段）时间
v. 破坏，摧毁
v. 破坏，毁灭
用完，耗尽
搞乱; 弄乱，弄糟
Vt. 想像; 设想
叙述; 描写
从头到脚
用完; 耗尽
汽油
受…欢迎
错题统计 ：
技巧一 ：46. A13 ； 48. B3，C2，D3 ；49. D3
（技巧小试） （2）36. A3 ，C4 ；
技巧二 ： 42. A6，B3，D2 ；43. A5 ；44. A10，B3，D5
（技巧小试） 31. B4，C7 ；43. B2，C6，D3
技巧三： 48. B6, D3 ；34. A5, B2，D4
（技巧小试） 30. B5；47. A7
技巧四 ：
（技巧小试） 37. B4，D2
小组研讨
解决错题
错题统计 ：
技巧一 ：46. A13 ； 48. B3，C2，D3 ；49. D3
（技巧小试） （2）36. A3 ，C4 ；
【技巧一】利用逻辑关系语，定位相关选项
（充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，如 and, but, or, though, however, in addition）
【技巧一】利用逻辑关系语，定位相关选项
逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连句手段，主要有：（1）词（包括连词、副词和少数介词），如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等；（2）短语，如in other words, or rather, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等；（3）分句和独立结构，如that is to say, what is more, all things considered等。逻辑关系语对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都围绕它们而设。考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中。
【例】The girl became increasingly worried about this, both when__46__and in her dreams.
46. A. asleep B. away
C. around D. awake
【析】本句的逻辑关系语是both ... and ...，它表示并列关系。and后出现了in her dreams，故此空必定和其有关。选项中只有awake和in her dreams构成反义关系，因此D项正确。
D
【例】 Before leaving, I had turned the heater__48__in the roadhouse, so that when we went in, it was nice and__49__.
48. A. on B. off
C. in D. over
49. A. neat B. hot
C. warm D. attractive
【析】本句的逻辑关系语是so that和and。连词and表并列关系，但要注意，nice and后接形容词或副词，大多意为“很”，如：The room is nice and warm. （这个房间很暖和。） / The breeze is nice and cool. （这阵微风很凉爽。） 发热器只能使房间变暖或变热，因此49 选C；so that表因果关系，根据句意“为了我们进来时室内很温暖”，只有turn on the heater才合乎逻辑，因此48选A。
A
C
【技巧小试】
① It’s a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colorful__36__, instead of the usual school uniform.
36. A. shapes B. dresses
C. flowers D. pictures
②“You need__36__,” his father said. “But if you don’t work hard, no fortune will come.”
36. A. exercise B. fortune
C. knowledge D. wealth
B. dresses
B. fortune
错题统计 ：
技巧二 ： 42. A6，B3，D2 ；43. A5 ；
44. A10，B3，D5
（技巧小试） 31. B4，C7 ；43. B2，C6，D3
【技巧二】通晓上下文意，注意习惯搭配
【技巧二】通晓上下文意，注意习惯搭配
词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配，特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例很大。如果考生在备考时对常用的习惯用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解题时灵活运用，就能达到事半功倍的效果。
【例】 A young man, wet from__42__to toe, explained that he had__43__out of petrol about 30 km up the road.
42. A. finger B. shoulder
C. head D. hand
43. A. driven B. used
C. come D. run
【析】本句中两个考点都是固定搭配。第一个from head to toe / foot意为 “从头到脚，全身上下”；第二个run out of意为 “用完，耗尽”。答案分别为C和D。
【例】 Java began to enjoy one of the year’s greatest event: “the Night of the Full Moon”, a festival（节日）that is especially popular__44__young people.
44. A.for B.to C.with D.in
【析】 be popular with为固定词组，意为“受……欢迎”。其它选项均不能和popular构成固定搭配，故答案为C。
C
D
C
【技巧小试】
①He tried to__31__a telephone call, but was unable to__32__.
31. A. make B. fix
C. use D. pick
32. A. get on B. get up
C. get through D. get in
②He got good grades in the school, especially__43__biology and chemistry, which was a great comfort.
43. A. in B. about
C. of D. for
A. make
C. get through
A. in
错题统计 ：
技巧三： 48. B6, D3 ；34. A5, B2，D4
（技巧小试） 30. B5；47. A7
【技巧三】明确文章语境，搞清词语差异
(在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲什么是最佳答案。 )
【技巧三】明确文章语境，搞清词语差异
高考完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。为了顺利解答此类问题，考生在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲什么是最佳答案。
【例】 I felt the__48__of a lifetime had come.
48. A. moment B. period
C. while D. date
【析】 四个选项均有“日期、时期”之意，但仔细辨析可知，moment 意为“时刻、契机”，“转机”；period意为“时期、阶段”；while意为“一会儿”；date意为“日期”。根据of a lifetime had come（一生的……到了）设置的语境，可知moment为最佳选项。
【例】 ... the lady didn’t take a bite. She sat there__34__her husband eat, and taking turns (轮流) sipping the drink.
34. A. seeing B. noticing
C. watching D. finding
【析】四个选项都有“看”之意。see sb. do sth.意为“看见了某人做了某事”；notice sb. do sth. 意为“（无意中）注意到某人做了某事”；watch sb. do sth. 意为“注视 / 观看某人做某事”，find后不接动词原形作宾补。通过语境可知，女士自己不吃，只是看着丈夫吃，因此C项正确。
A
C
【技巧小试】
①The doors had been shut. They__30__be opened from the inside. He was trapped（被困） in a library.
30. A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t
C. couldn’t D. needn’t
②I was so nervous that my hands shook, and I__47__a cup into pieces.
47. A. damaged B. destroyed
C. broke D. ruined
C. couldn’t
C. broke
错题统计 ：
技巧四 ：
（技巧小试） 37. B4，D2
【技巧四】探究前后逻辑，确定连接词汇
（连接词是构成语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目，考查学生的语用能力。因此，在解题时，要仔细分析，推理前后的逻辑关系，确定最佳选项。 ）
【技巧四】探究前后逻辑，确定连接词汇
连接词是构成语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目，考查学生的语用能力。因此，在解题时，要仔细分析，推理前后的逻辑关系，确定最佳选项。
【例】 She had excellent grades,__24__she always thought that something was missing.
24. A. or B. so C. for D. but
【析】 根据空前的excellent grades和空后的always和something was missing，可推知“她”成绩虽突出，可对生活仍不满足，故选择转折连词but，即答案为D。
【例】 ...“Would you mind telling me when you are thinking of leaving?__40__are you going to sit in your car all day?”
40. A. For B. Or C. But D. So
【析】根据空前的leaving和空后的sit in your car all day，说明对方在询问并让“我”做出选择，从而推知答案为表示选择关系的连词or。
D
B
【技巧小试】
① I told her I would mess it up__37__I had never worked at the bar before.
37. A. because B. though
C. until D. while
A. because
解决词汇问题 ：
完形填空（巩固练习）
company _______
Brazil _______
skip _______
hug _______
puzzled _______
realize _______
replace _______
appreciate _______
tough _______
attract _______
promote _______
contact _______
forgive ______
wonder ______
eagerly ______
nervously ______
curiously ______
patience ______
presence ______
intelligence ______
influence ______
abandon ______
balance ______
compare ______
公司
巴西
跳过；略过
拥抱
困惑的
意识到
取代，代替
欣赏；感激
艰苦的，困难的
吸引
促进；提升；升迁
联系
原谅；宽恕
想知道；琢磨
渴望地
紧张地
?好奇地
耐心
出席；存在；到场
智力
?影响
?遗弃；放弃
平衡
比较
完形填空（巩固练习）
One night，when I was eight，my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget.“Sweetie，my company wants to 26 me but needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling you that you've done 27 and allowing you to skip a grade(跳级)，but you'll have to 28 your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher？”She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was puzzled. The question kept me 29 for the rest of the night. I had said“yes”but for the first time，I realized the 30 decisions adults had to make.
26．A. attract B．promote C．surprise D．praise
27．A. little B．much C．well D．wrong
28．A. leave B．refuse C．contact D．forgive
29．A. explaining B．sleeping C．wondering D．regretting
30．A. poor B．timely C．final D．tough
B
C
A
C
D
完形填空（巩固练习）
For almost four years，my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening I'd 31 wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day. A phone call，however，could never replace her 32 and it was difficult not to feel lonely at times.
… …
It was then 35 I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on 36 family and work.
31．A. eagerly B．politely C．nervously D．curiously
32．A. patience B．presence C．intelligence D．influence
… …
35．A. when B．where C．which D．that
36．A. abandoning B．balancing C．comparing D．mixing
A
B
D
B
回顾、领悟
【技巧五】利用语法关联，推理最佳选项
虽然高考完型填空的考查越来越淡化语法，但一个语义连贯的语篇必须通过省略、指代、时间或地点关联等语法关系来实现。因此，命题人常利用这些关联“制造语境”，设置考点。考生解题时可利用这些语法关系对句子进行分析、判断并推理出最佳选项。
【例】 I was too busy__55__the restaurant I would open one day.
A. imagining B. preparing
C. examining D. describing
【析】如果不看下文时态，很难确定选项。但空后would表明“我”将在未来某一天开自己的饭店，从而推知现在只是在忙着“想像”将来的情景，故答案为A。
【例】 That day, he(Lang Lang) told his father__45__he had been waiting to hear—that he wanted to study with a new teacher.
45. A. that B. what
C. which D. when
【析】 07辽宁卷讲述了青年钢琴家郎朗年幼时学钢琴的故事。解答此题的关键在于确定第二个he的指代对象。如果他指Lang Lang，则句子不但在语法上错误，而且在语义上也讲不通。可见45空要选一个既能引导宾语从句，又能在从句中当hear的宾语的词，在四个待选词中只有what才能胜任，所以应选B。破折号之后的that从句是what的同位语从句。
A
B
【技巧小试】
① ... he would say, “If you want them, make the money and buy them__39__.”
39. A. themselves B. ourselves
C. yourself D. myself
② In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for_ 50 _they are: small hurdles you need to jump ... .
50. A. what B. who
C. where D. which
C. yourself
A. what
【技巧六】联系生活常识，再现相关情景
完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文或叙议结合、富有哲理的论说文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生生活。考生在解题时，可以根据生活常识或结合常识充分地想像当时的情景，从而达到去“伪”存“真”的目的。
【例】 ... the girl was able to lead her birds to run across the grass, but she could not teach them to__45__.
45. A. fly B. race
C. swim D. sing
【析】 根据常识，人类可以race、swim或sing，但是不会直接像鸟一样振翅飞翔，因此小女孩不能教给鸟儿“飞翔”，故答案为A。
【例】 Everywhere, there were the paper remains of used fireworks lying on the ground. Little boys__39__more and covered their ears as they waited__40__for the explosions.
39. A. lit B. bought
C. piled D. removed
40. A. patiently B. calmly
C. worriedly D. excitedly
【析】语境中的Everywhere, there were the paper remains of (used) fireworks lying on the ground.和covered their ears使我们联想起节日放鞭炮或观看别人放鞭炮的情景，即点上鞭炮后兴奋地跑开，捂着耳朵等着其爆炸。因此39题答案为A，40题为D。
A
A
D
【技巧小试】
①Well, less than a week after my arrival in Manila, I was already carpeted with a__43__of mosquito bites. I took many measures to keep myself from being__44__, but they all proved useless.
43. A. shade B. pile
C. cloud D. blanket
44. A. touched B. bitten
C. defeated D. discovered
②By midnight, the fireworks had stopped shooting up from the__55__city in the valley below them. But during the night, the sound continued to be heard from the distance.
55. A. clean B. gray
C. peaceful D. empty
D. blanket
B. bitten
B. gray
【技巧七】突破句子的束缚，捕捉篇章信息
每篇完形填空都围绕一个主题展开，其结构严谨，上下文互为映衬，前后照应，所以解题时考生不要只局限在句子层面上，而要从段落或整篇文章入手，整体把握文章的内容，结合上下文，寻找答案的线索。
【例】 In the clinic, I asked if Michael could be retested, so the specialist tested him again. To my__36__, it was the same score.
Later that evening, I__37__told Frank what I had learned that day. After talking it over, we agreed that we knew our__38__much better than an IQ(智商) test.
... After the ceremony, we told Michael about the__47__IQ score he got when he was six. Since that day, Michael sometimes would look at us and say jokingly,“My dear mom and dad never told me that I couldn’t be a doctor, not until after I graduated from medical school!”
... We went to the same clinic where he had receive the test eighteen years before. This time Michael scored 126, an increase of 36 points.
36. A. joy B. surprise
C. dislike D. disappointment
37. A. tearfully B. fearfully
C. cheerfully D. hopefully
38. A. student B. son
C. friend D. doctor
47. A. high B. same
C. low D. different
【析】 07重庆卷的完形填空以第一人称讲述了如何对待孩子的成长问题。开头就提到Michael的智商测试，随之设置的几个题目都和此有关，可是在本段没有线索。但读到文章最后，“This time Michael scored 126, an increase of 36 points.”，我们茅塞顿开，原来Michael是“我们”的儿子（38. B），六岁时接受了一次智商测试，分数很低（47. C），“我”很失望（36. D），所以“我” 眼含泪水告诉丈夫Frank测试结果（37. A）。
D
A
B
C
【技巧小试】
①（首段） Carolyn Stradley is the founder of C & S Paving In C. （铺路公司） in Atlanta, USA. In the following account, she recalls the job that challenged her__36__and skill but left her flying high.
（尾段） ...“The key to our success was having the courage to take on any job and then being creative in our approach to getting it done.”
36.A. kindness B. patience
C. imagination D. experience
②（首段）... All you need is a webcam and your pretty face to access your PC.
（尾段） ... If the system__29__to recognize your__30__, you can recall the Windows user name and password by using a hot-key combination.
29. A. begins B. tries
C. fails D. stops
30. A. account B. name
C. password D. face
C. imagination
C. fails
D. face
【技巧八】了解文化背景，排除错误选项
完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识。有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确解题。
【例】 We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago. I decided to buy a car because we had sold the one we had in England. ... But when I turned into the main road I suddenly saw a lot of cars racing__31__me.
31. A. after B. with
C. around D. towards
【析】从语篇提供的信息看，“我”来自英国。在英国开车要靠左行驶，那么可以推知作者来到西班牙后，行驶方向出了问题，以致于造成一系列的错误。如果了解此文化知识，对全文的把握就会更加准确。答案为D。
D
【技巧小试】
①Now she was Portia, a strong-willed__17__in Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice. ...
17. A. member B. actress
C. player D. character
② ... On the day of the audition（选拔试演）, she__34__two of Portia’s famous speeches for the auditors. When she had finished, the head of the Drama Club announced the__35__was hers.
34. A. practiced B. planned
C. performed D. delivered
35. A. part B. play
C. speech D. position
D. character
C. performed
A. part
完形填空复习法：
1． 熟练运用，而非机械记忆英语语法和英语语句、惯用法的搭配。语法知识越丰富，单词越熟练，阅读速度就越快，对文章得理解就越全面、深刻和准确。完形填空不直接考察语法，而是通过检查理解程度间接的考查语法。 2． 丰富词汇知识和提高词汇辨析能力。单词的语法知识是基础中的基础。在阅读中要注意形近和近义词在含义和语法搭配上的差异。 3． 熟练掌握阅读技巧，提高语篇阅读能力，要在快速阅读时留意关键的信息词句。完形填空的主旨在于考察阅读理解能力，而不是字斟句酌的能力，所以要学会扫读、略读和寻读，以加快阅读速度，并善于抓语篇的关键词句、主题句和结论句。 4． 形成正确的逻辑推断能力，锐化思维。较强的逻辑思维能力有助于对文章深层次意义的理解，它能使“完形”恢复文章的原貌，变得更加容易。 5． 加强泛读，以拓宽知识面。见多识广，方能应万变，方能“居高临下”的审视和解决问题。 总之，要突破完形填空这个难关，每个考生都必须认真对待，进行强化训练，既要做足量练习，又要避免不加选择的重复练习，要有针对性。日积月累，一定会大有进步。