2020年春广东专用中考英语专题复习专题一之名词 课件（33张PPT，无音视频）

(共33张PPT)
英 语
考点解读
考点突破
广东中考
课堂小测
考点解读
考点 广东近五年中考统计情况 考查热度
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
可数名词及其单复数 √ ? ? √ ? ★★★
不可数名词 √ √ ? √ ? ★★☆
考点 广东近五年中考统计情况 考查热度
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
名词所有格 ? ? ? ? ? ★☆☆
名词辨析 ? ? √ ? ? ★★☆
考情分析：从近五年广东中考考查情况来看，名词是每年的必考点，单选题每年均考查其中的一个考点，可数名词及其单复数是考查的重点，另外名词的意思理解与辨析也是要注意的考点。名词的辨析是完形填空中的考查重点。
考点突破
考点一 可数名词
概念：可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西，因此它有复数形式。当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语也应用复数形式。
规则的名词复数形式
? 情况分类 构成方法 发音 例词
1 一般情况 在词尾加-s 在清辅音后读作[s]，在元音及浊辅音后读作[z] friend—friends，cat—cats，
style—styles，desk—desks
2 以s，x，ch，sh结尾的名词 在词尾加-es 一般读作[iz] class—classes，watch—watches
3 以f或fe结尾的名词 把f/fe改为v，再加-es 尾音[f]改读[vz] leaf—leaves，knife—knives
4 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的名词 把y改成i再加-es 一般读作[iz] city—cities，baby—babies
5 以“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词 直接-s 一般读作[z] boy—boys，toy—toys
6 以“辅音字母＋o”结尾的名词 表示有生命的一般加-es 一般读作[z] tomato—tomatoes，
potato—potatoes
表示无生命的一般加-s 一般读作[z] piano—pianos；photo—photos
不规则的名词复数形式
? 分类 例词
1 改元音字母 man—men；woman—women；foot—feet；tooth—teeth；mouse—mice
2 单复数同形 Chinese—Chinese；Japanese—Japanese；
sheep—sheep；deer—deer
不规则的名词复数形式
? 分类 例词
3 表某一国人的单复数 顺口溜
　中日不变[Chinese—Chinese(中国人)，Japanese—Japanese(日本人)]
　英法变[Englishman—Englishmen(英国人)，Frenchman—Frenchmen(法国人)]
　其余s加后面[American—Americans(美国人)，German—Germans(德国人)]
不规则的名词复数形式
? 分类 例词
4 表面上是复数形式，
但意义为单数。 The news was surprising.
Maths is my favourite subject.
5 集体名词 1.people作“人”讲时只有复数，没有单数。
2．family，class，group，team作主语时，当视为整体，谓语动词用单数。当视为个体成员，谓语动词为复数。
My family is happy.(整体)
My family are watching TV.(强调成员)
不规则的名词复数形式
知识锦囊
1．能掌握可数名词的复数形式。
2．能根据做主语的名词的单复数选择谓语的形式。
? 分类 例词
6 特殊情况 当man，woman修饰的名词变成复数时，man和woman也要变成复数。
a man doctor→two men doctors　
a woman teacher→ten women teachers
即学即练
一、写出下列名词的复数形式。
table ____________　　　 book ____________　　　
shoe ____________　　　　 Chinese ____________
factory ____________ city ____________
key ____________ holiday ____________
tooth ____________ policeman ____________
child ____________ sheep ____________
potato ____________ box ____________
man doctor ____________
tables
books
shoes
Chinese
factories
cities
keys
holidays
teeth
policemen
children
sheep
potatoes
boxes
men doctors
二、根据句子主语写出谓语动词的正确形式。

1．Some people ________(be) reading newspapers in the library.
2．My class ________(be) so good that I spend wonderful time with my classmates every day.
are
is









考点二 不可数名词

1．概念：指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西。

2．没有复数形式，也不能直接与a，an连用。

3．如果要表示确定数量，要用数量词组来表达，如：a piece of bread(一块面包)，a piece of news(一则新闻)，two bottles of milk(两瓶牛奶)，five bags of rice(五袋大米) 等。

4．有些名词既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词。

可数 不可数
glass 玻璃杯 玻璃
paper 试卷 纸
fish 鱼 鱼肉
即学即练
(　 )1.The ________ about animals is very useful. I have found it on the Internet.
A．questions　　　　　　 B．information
C．suggestions D．ideas

(　　)2.There ________ some paper on the teacher's desk.You can use them.
A．is　 B．are　 C．has　 D．have
B
A
考点三 名词所有格

名词所有格用来表示名词和名词之间的所属关系“的”。
1．表示有生命的人或物和一些无生命的事物的所有格，单数形式是加's，复数形式加s'。
Tom's mother　Teachers' Day　Children's Day　Mother's Day
twenty minutes' walk　today's news　China's industry

2．凡不能加's所有格的名词，一般都可用of 结构。
a map of China　the end of this term　the capital of our country

3．表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加's。
如：Tom and Mike's room.(表示汤姆和迈克共有的一间房)
表示分别所有，需在每个名词后都加's。
如：Mary's and Jenny's bikes(表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车)

4．双重所有格
a friend of my mother's(我妈妈的一个朋友)

5．表示商铺、某人的家、诊所或餐馆等的名词所有格，其后名词可以省 略。
at my uncle's(在我叔叔的家里) 　at the doctor's(在医生的诊所里)

6．可用's或of短语表示的名词所有格
the boy's name＝the name of the boy(男孩的名字)
China's population＝the population of China(中国的人口)
China's capital＝the capital of China(中国的首都)
即学即练
(　 )1.Tomorrow is ____________________．The students want to buy some flowers for their teachers.
A．Teacher Day B．Teacher's Day
C．Teachers' Day D．the Teachers Day

(　　)2.This is ________________ computer.You can use it if you like.
A．Ann's and Tom 　 B．Ann and Tom's
C．Ann and Tom 　 D．Ann's and Tom's

(　　)3.—Do you know the man over there?
—Yes, he is a friend of my ________________．
A．father 　 B．father's 　
C．fathers 　 D．fathers'
C
B
B
考点四 易混淆名词区分

1．sound，voice，noise “声音”
(1)sound声音的总称
(2)voice人的嗓音，词组in a loud voice
(3)noise噪音，词组make noise

1)Light travels faster than ________．
2)My friend told me his secret in a low ________．
3)Every night I heard a loud ________ and couldn't fall asleep.


sound
voice
noise
2．job，work “工作”
(1)job可数名词
(2)work不可数名词
1)She got a ________ in a big company.
2)It takes him a lot of ________ to finish the task in a week.

3．problem，question “问题”
(1)problem 一般指有待解决的难题，常与solve/work out搭配。
(2)question 一般指等待回答的问题，常与ask/answer搭配。
1)May I ask you a ________？
2)There is no ________．I can lend you some money.

job
work
question

problem
4．idea，advice，suggestion “建议，主意”
(1)idea 可数名词，主意
(2)advice 不可数名词，建议
(3)suggestion 可数名词，建议

1)Thank you for your useful ________．It really helped me a lot.
2)He has got a good ________ to deal with his old books.
3)Here are some ________ about protecting our earth.
suggestions
advice
idea
广东中考
单项选择
(　　)1.(2018广东)The three ________ upstairs are too small to have enough ________ for a double bed.
A．room; room　　　B．room; rooms　　　C．rooms; room　　　 D．rooms; rooms

(　　)2.(2015广东)Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous ________ in American ________．
A．symbol; culture B．symbol; cultures C．symbols; culture D．symbols; cultures
C
C

(　　)3.(2012广东)The students of Grade 7 visited Mike's farm and saw many ________ there.
A．bird B．duck C．sheep D．rabbit

(　　)4.(2011广东)—I hear you run for half an hour every day.
—Right, we have to. It is one of the ________ in our school.
A．rules B．plans C．hobbies D．choices

(　　)5.(2010广东)Look! The kites in the sky are in different ________. Some are big and some are small.
A．size B．sizes C．colour D．colours
A
B
C
(　　)6.(2017广东)Daniel has tried to lose ________ by eating less recently, but two kilos has been put on instead.
A．weight B．weights C．height D．heights

(　　)7.(2016广东)The broken ________ may cut into your hand if you touch it. You should be careful.
A．glass B．glasses C．candle D．candles
A
A
课堂小测
单项选择
(　　)1.The Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路倡议) will help China improve the ________ with lots of countries.
A．relationship B．agreement C．environment D．progress

(　　)2.Lucy got up late this morning.She only had ________ for breakfast.
A．two bread B．two slice of bread C．two slices of bread D．two slices of breads
C
A
(　　)3.Looking after children is not only ________ work, men should also do it.
A．womans' B．women C．women's D．woman's

(　　)4.South Korea's plan to deploy Thaad(萨德) influenced badly the ________ between South Korea and China.
A．agreement B．relationship C．research D．requirement

(　　)5.—As we all know，a dragon is regarded as the symbol of ________ in China.Emperors in ancient times always compared themselves to dragons.
—No wonder the emperors all wear clothes with dragons.
A．wealth B．power C．stress D．energy
C
B
B
(　　)6.—Wow，an iPhone X! What a big surprise! Thanks，darling!
—It's your birthday present.But please read the ________ carefully before you use it.
A．information B．instructions C．invitation D．instrument

(　　)7.—Excuse me, but I'm very tired after a long walk.May I enter the hall and have a rest?
—I'm sorry，sir.Nobody can come in without ________．
A．decision B．permission C．impression D．instrument

(　　)8.________ about the sports meeting make us excited.
A．News B．Information C．Messages D．Advice
B
B
C
(　　)9.I am sure Cindy will be able to find the hotel.She has a pretty good ________ of direction.
A．idea B．feeling C．experience D．sense

(　　)10.—It's really hot today.What drinks do we have in the fridge?
—We have some ________．
A．noodles B．lemonade C．sausages D．cheese

(　　)11.—Dad, I'm hungry.Please give me ________．
—Sorry，baby.There is nothing in the fridge.Let's buy some right now.
A．two bread B．two pieces of breads C．two pieces of bread D．two piece of bread

(　　)12.Alex saw many ________ on the farm yesterday.
A．cow B．horse C．sheep D．chicken
D
B
C
C
(　　)13.He has a collection of ________．He can not only enjoy them but also use them to mail letters.
A．stamps B．novels C．instruments D．magazines

(　　)14.Maria bought ________ for her mother in the store.
A．a pair of gloves B．a pair of glove C．two pair of gloves D．two pairs of glove

(　　)15.Besides bread and noodles, people like to have some fruit, like ________ or drink ________ for breakfast.
A．oranges; orange B．oranges; oranges C．orange; orange D．orange; oranges

A
A
A
(　　)16.Your best friends will lose their ________ in you if you tell their secrets to others.
A．trust B．trusts C．confidence D．confidences

(　　)17.The theme park is about a ________ from the museum. You should start out right now.
A．two hour ride B．two hours' ride C．two hour's ride D．two-hours ride

(　　)18.—I don't know how to use the sweeping robot to clean. Can you help me?
—Sure, here is the ________. It will tell you how to clean.
A．information B．invitation C．introduction D．instrument
A
B
C