2019-2020学年高一下学期训练卷
必修四 Unit2 Working the land
英 语 （一）
（本卷满分100分）
一、单词拼写（每小题1.5分，共15分）
1. What is the daily o________ of automobiles of this factory?
2. F____________ is the natural birthright of every human.
3. There is h____________ in many parts of the world, even in rich countries.
4. He apologizes for his c___________ and says he didn’t mean to offend her.
5. people can’t see any b__________ directly with their naked eyes.
6. Not only will the farmers be paid for their ___________(粮食) in cash but in online payment.
7. We import raw materials and energy and __________(出口) mainly industrial products.
8. The whole food chain is affected by the overuse of ___________(化学品) in agriculture.
9. Children require proper ___________(营养) to grow and develop.
10. According to official ___________(统计数字) the disease killed over 500 people.
二、单项选择（每小题1.5分，共15分）
11. —I heard Julia weeping in her bedroom the whole night, what happened?
—I regret ________ those words to her, because I really hurt her feelings.
A. to say B. saying
C. said D. say
12. From his ___________ look, we could see that professor hadn't expected that we could raise such _____________ questions to him.
A. confused; confused B. confusing; confused
C. confused; confusing D. confusing; confusing
13. Creating a goal that focuses __________ every details step by step will likely be more effective than the final outcome.
A. to B. in
C. for D. on
14. The wide use of the Internet has already led to all kinds of information ________ all over the world.
A. sharing B. being shared
C. share D. be shared
15. Many people moved to New York, ________ made it the largest city in the USA.
A. which B. that
C. when D. where
16. It's he __________ you that ought to take on the responsibility.
A. rather than B. other than
C. apart from D. in addition to
17. Apart from being good at teamwork, he is tall, strong and athletic. _______, he is the best choice for the coming basketball match.
A. In other words B. What’s more
C. All in all D. in particular
18. Her ambition is to become __________ Li Na.
A. as a great tennis player as B. as great a tennis player as
C. a as great tennis player as D. as great as a tennis player
19. In the last two decades the advanced technology ____________people live longer.
A. make B. made
C. has made D. had made
20.—Oh, my God! This week I got fired and got my wallet stolen.
—Poor guy! _____________. But maybe your good luck is on the way.
A. Failure is the mother of success
B. It never rains but it pours
C. Great minds think alike
D. He who risks nothing gains nothing
三、翻译句子（每小题3分，共15分）
21. When it comes to cooking, the French are so proud.
_________________________________________________________________
22. Supposing that you are right, we'll make a great deal of money from the project.
_________________________________________________________________
23. There stands an old school on the opposite side of the river.
_________________________________________________________________
24. 不断的失败之后，他对自己失去了信心。
_________________________________________________________________
25. 由于沉浸在有趣的故事书中，我没有注意到他进来了。
_________________________________________________________________
四、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共10分）
The “24 solar terms(节气)” originated and was firstly used in China. It was created thousands of years ago on the basis of practical needs of agriculture. Ancient Chinese people used it to guide agriculture production, special climate signs and even healthy living tips. Last year, the 24 solar terms was added to UNESCO’s world cultural heritage list. Now, it has been brought to life thanks to a creative designer from Southwest China’s Guizhou province.
On the eve of this year’s Qingming Festival, Shi Changhong released (发布) his version of re-produced and packaged characters for each solar term in the form of “moving art” of gifs. Since their first release on Zcool on March 29, the gifs have won great praise among the general public and quickly flooded social media with millions of hits(点击) during the festival period.
To maximize publicity, Shi released his work in three forms: video, animation and picture. The background sounds add to the brilliance.
“When I watch the short video, I can strongly feel the Chinese-style elements hidden in them. And it is really cool to liven up Chinese traditional culture in such a unique way.” WeChat user Xiao Feifei said.
“It is really a comfort to me to see so many people like my latest work. To be honest, it would really surprise me if the work does not arouse great interest among Chinese people. The 24 solar items is a deeply rooted concept that covers the essence of Chinese wisdom. However, only a small portion of people know all the names or the correct order of those terms. My intention is to increase Chinese people’s self-awareness to learn more about our traditional fine culture. Actually, the 24 solar items work is only a part of my whole design program ‘Charm China’, which I started over a year ago.” Shi told China Daily.
26. Which part of the newspaper does the text probably belong to?
A. Travel. B. Culture.
C. Agriculture. D. Education.
27. What do you think the underlined word “Zcool” refer to?
A. Newspaper. B. Magazine.
C. Radio Broadcast. D. Website.
28. Which of the following statements is true according to text?
A. The background sounds of the work make the video more attractive.
B. It really surprised Shi Changhong to see so many people like his latest work.
C. Most old people know all the names of the correct order of the 24 solar terms.
D. The 24 solar items work designed by Shi Changhong was added to UNESCO’s heritage list.
29. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce a creative designer.
B. To introduce the 24 solar items work.
C. To introduce the origin of the 24 solar terms.
D. To introduce a design program “Charm China”.
五、七选五（每小题3分，共15分）
As spring comes to half the world, many people can enjoy the new growth that comes with warmer weather. This is a great time to get outside and get dirty! 30.____ This outdoor activity gives us beautiful plants, pleasant smelling flowers and fresh fruits and vegetables. Moreover, it also gives us many health benefits.
Gardening reduces loneliness. It connects people. When you are gardening, you are outdoors. 31. Gardeners usually enjoy showing people what they are growing. And most enjoy sharing advice and stories about their gardens.
Gardening is a great activity to do with children. It gets them outdoors and off computers, televisions and other electronics. 32. Gardening can teach a child about where food comes from and healthy eating. It can also help them to understand the limits of natural resources.
33. This means you are getting vitamin D which helps your bodies take in calcium(钙). That is necessary to keep bones strong. When you garden you must move around. All the different movements needed for gardening—bending, stretching and lifting—work small muscles in the body.
Gardening may help your brain stay young. In one study, researchers found that gardening could lower the risk of future dementia(痴呆) by 36 percent. 34. A flower and herb garden can help feed bees and butterflies. Growing herbs and flowers connects you to nature are pleases all of your senses.
A. Vitamin D also helps us fight diseases.
B. Children can learn about nature and wildlife.
C. Gardening is popular in many parts of the world.
D. So it is a perfect time to communicate with your neighbors.
E. Some people may not have the resources to have their own garden.
F. When you are in your garden, you might feel the sunshine on your skin.
G. Gardening can also give you the feeling that you have done something good.
六、书面表达（共30分）
假定你是李华，你的外国朋友John要去爬山，请你根据以下提示给他写一封邮件，向他介绍你对爬山的看法并提醒他爬山的注意事项。
内容提示：
1．爬山是一项非常好的运动，可以放松身心，有益健康；
2．爬山前需做的准备（了解天气、必备物品等）；
3．爬山时注意安全，避免受伤；
写作要求：1．字数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
Yours,
Li Hua
2019-2020学年高一下学期训练卷
必修四 Unit2 Working the land
英 语（一）答 案
一、单词拼写（每小题1.5分，共15分）
1.output
2.Freedom
3.hunger
4.comments
5.bacterium
6.grain
7.export
8.chemicals
9.nutrition
10.statistics
二、单项选择（每小题1.5分，共15分）
11.B
句意：——我听见朱利安在房间里哭了一整夜，发生什么了？——我后悔对她说那些话，因为我真的伤害了她的感情。regret to do sth.意为很遗憾要做某事(还没有做)；regret doing sth.意为后悔做过某事(已经做了)。结合句意，故选B。
12.C
句意：从这位教授的困惑的表情可以看出，教授未料到我们能问出如此令人困惑的问题。修饰人或人的表情时都要用confused“感到迷惑的”； 修饰物时用confusing“令人迷惑的”。故选C。
13.D
句意：设定一个目标，专注于每一步的细节，这要比把注意力集中在最后结果上可能会更有效。focus on集中于。故选D。
14.B
句意：网络的广泛使用使得各种信息在世界范围内分享。短语lead to中的to为介词，所以“all kinds of information”的宾语补足语应用v-ing形式；又因为“share”与“information”之间是被动关系。故选B。
15.A
句意：很多人都搬去纽约，这使得它成为美国最大的城市。非限制定语从句中，先行词为前面整句话，只能用which。故选D。
16.A
句意：是他而不是你应该承担责任。other than（用于否定陈述后）除了…以外；apart from除了；in addition to另外。rather than而不是，符合句意。故选A。
17.C
句意：除了善于团队合作，他个子高、身体强健而且爱好运动。总之，他是即将到来的篮球赛的最佳人选。In other words换句话说；what’s more此外；in particular尤其。all in all总而言之，符合句意，故选C。
18.B
句意：她的志向是成为一名像李娜那样优秀的网球运动员。as＋形容词原级＋名词词组＋as，表示和… …一样。结合句意，故选B。
19.C
考查动词时态。句意为：在过去的20年里，先进的技术已经能让人们更长寿了。“in the last two decades”作时间状语，句子常用现在完成时。
20.B
句意：——天呐！这周我被炒鱿鱼了，还把钱包弄丢了。——好可怜！真是祸不单行。不过也许你就要交好运了。Failure is the mother of success失败是成功之母；Great minds think alike英雄所见略同；He who risks nothing gains nothing不入虎穴,焉得虎子。It never rains but it pours祸不单行，符合句意，故选B。
三、翻译句子（每小题3分，共15分）
21.谈到烹饪，法国人颇为得意。
22.假定你是正确的，那我们将会从这项工程中赚得许多钱。
23.河的对岸有一所老学校。
24.After repeated failure, he lost faith in himself.
25.Occupied in reading the interesting book, I didn’t notice him come in.
四、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共10分）
26-29 BDAB
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在古代二十四节气对人们的农业及生活起了很大作用。去年，二十四节气申请世界非物质文化遗产成功。如今，一位设计者又将它们带回了公众视野。
26. 推理判断题。本文主要介绍的是二十四节气相关的内容，与中国文化有关，因此推断应该是属于报纸中的文化类。故选B。
27. 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词后一句“the gifs have won great praise among the general public and quickly flooded social media with millions of hits during the festival period.”这些动图在公众中赢得了极大的赞誉，节日期间社交媒体的点击率迅速达到数百万次。句中的关键词“with millions of hits”（获得了数百万的点击量），从而猜测Zcool指的是一个网站。故选D。
28. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The background sounds add to the brilliance.”（背景音乐增添了光彩。）可知A项表述正确；最后一段“It is really a comfort to me to see so many people like my latest work. To be honest, it would really surprise me if the work does not arouse great interest among Chinese people.”可知，石昌鸿对于很多喜欢他的最新作品并不感到惊讶，故B项表述错误；“However, only a small portion of people know all the names or the correct order of those terms.”可知，只有一小部分人知道二十四节气的名称和正确顺序，所以C项表述错误。第一段“Last year, the 24 solar terms was added to UNESCO’s world cultural heritage list.”可知，二十四节气被列入联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产名录，而非石昌鸿的作品，所以D项表述错误。故选A。
29. 推理判断题。文章由二十四节气引入，向读者介绍了一位设计者制作的关于二十四节气的动画作品，因此，本文的目的是介绍一部关于二十四节气的动画作品。故选B。
五、七选五（每小题3分，共15分）
30-34 CDBFG
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了园艺给人们带来的好处。
30. 根据下文的“This outdoor activity gives us beautiful plants, pleasant smelling flowers and fresh fruits and vegetables.”这个户外活动给我们带来了美丽的植物，芳香的花朵和新鲜的水果和蔬菜。可知“this activity”指C选项中的“Gardening”，且“beautiful plants, pleasant smelling flowers and fresh fruits and vegetables”是“Gardening”包含的内容，故选C。
31. 根据上文的“It connects people. When you are gardening, you are outdoors.” (当你在园艺师，你是在户外的。)可知，它将人连接在一起。D项中“communicate”和前文的“connect”相呼应，且语意（所以这是一个与你的邻居交流的完美时间）和空前的句子呈因果关系，故选D。
32. 根据本段的第一句“Gardening is a great activity to do with children.”园艺是和孩子们一起做的一项很好的活动。B选项中的“children”和前文相呼应，“learn about”和下文的“teach”相呼应，且本段的主要内容就是讲园艺能给孩子们带来的好处，B选项（孩子们可以了解自然和野生动物）连接上下文，故选B。
33. 根据下文的“This means you are getting vitamin D which helps your bodies take in calcium(钙).”这意味着你正在获得维生素D，它可以帮助你的身体吸收钙，以及常识可知，晒太阳有助于身体的钙的吸收。 F项中“feel the sunshine on your skin”承接下文内容“getting vitamin D”，故选F。
34. 根据上下文可知，此处主要阐述园艺能给人带来的好处，故G选项语意（园艺也能给你做了一些好的事情的感觉）符合本段主题，其中“also”承接上下文，故选G。
六、书面表达（共30分）
Dear John,
I hear that you are going to climb the mountain. Now I’d like to share my views on climbing with you.
For my part, climbing is a very good activity. When you are tired of your study, you can go out to enjoy the climbing. Only by relaxing yourself can you refresh yourself and improve your health.
In order to enjoy the activity, you need to make full preparations in advance. You had better have clear information about the weather, and bring proper clothes. When you are climbing, I suggest that you pay attention to every step you make in case you hurt yourself.
I hope you will have a good time.
Yours,
Li Hua
2019-2020学年高一下学期训练卷
必修四 Unit2 Working the land
英 语 （二）
（本卷满分100分）
一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共16分）
A
A few weeks ago, I sat with a California farmer named Dave Ribeiro. I asked him what he wished to know about farmers. He smiled and said, “That we walk among you. We look like you and talk like you. We have advanced degrees and hobbies, just like you.”
Take Dave for example: He's a young man with a music degree. And if you walked past him on the street, you'd never think, “There goes a farmer.”
Is someone like Dave who you picture when you think of a farmer? Probably not. I think that most people would picture a man in his overalls(工作服). I can tell you, that does not represent Dave or any of the many other farmers I have gotten to know.
Not only do we have to throw out our previous impression of farmers, but farming as a whole doesn't look much like it used to either. We recently sent a team out to see what modern farming looks like, and they found farmers to be completely different from our usual ideas about them and also came across them in some unexpected places.
In a parking lot in a neighborhood of Brooklyn, they met a new crop of young farmers who were trying to bring fresh greens closer to eaters in the city by growing them in high-tech indoor vertical(垂直的) farms. In a Florida field under the fight path of an airport, they discovered farmers with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars. And in a modern farm in California, they observed how farmers were using technology to take the best possible care of their animals.
These farmers all spend their days in very different ways—none of them looks like the previous farmer we have in our mind—but they're all working on new ways to feed our planet. Not only do we need to change our idea of what farming looks like, but we also need to change our view of where solutions can come from. Feeding all of us is going to take all of us working together.
1. How does Dave describe today's farmers?
A. They often walk on the street.
B. They are leading a very busy life.
C. They are similar to ordinary people.
D. They have little time to make friends.
2. How does the author think most people see farmers?
A. They usually wear overalls.
B. They have interesting hobbies.
C. They are skilled at growing crops.
D. They know modern farming practices.
3. What was the purpose of the team?
A. To deepen connections among farmers.
B. To study different technologies in farming.
C. To find the new developments of modern farming.
D. To encourage farmers to use new farming method.
4. What do the farmers mentioned in Paragraph 5 have in common?
A. They all work in the city.
B. They all use high technology.
C. They all do hard physical work.
D. They all work with universities.
B
Over the past 40 years, China has helped more than 700 million rural residents out of being poor, and the poverty rate(贫困率) — the proportion of people living below the Chinese poverty line — had fallen among the rural population from 97.5 percent in 1978 to 3.1 percent at the end of 2017, official figures shows. China’s achievements in poverty alleviation(扶贫) made the world look at China with admiration.
“For me, it is unbelievable that over 40 years, that is, over the course of one working lifetime, China has gone from one of the poorest countries in the world to one that is about to eliminate(消除) absolute poverty,” said Craig Allen, president of the US-China Business Council.
Varaprasad Sekhar Dolla, a professor of Chinese studies at India’s Jawaharlal Nehru University, also spoke highly of China’s achievements in poverty reduction. “If global poverty came down greatly in the last three or four decades, it’s partly because of the Chinese contribution to reducing poverty within its own national boundaries,” said the Indian scholar.
In the eyes of Khairy Tourk, a professor of economics with the Stuart School of Business at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago, “many countries look up to China to learn from its experience.” “The Chinese experience is based on building a modern infrastructure(基础设施) and then on setting up special economic zones that would help underdeveloped countries to become more industrial,” he added.
In the government work report delivered at the opening of the annual NPC session (全国人大会议) on March 5, China promises to reduce its population of rural poor by over 10 million this year.
5. What’s the purpose of the numbers given in the first paragraph?
A. To show China has helped many rural residents out of poverty.
B. To imply many Chinese are suffering from poverty.
C. To show the great changes of China in the past 40 decades.
D. To indicate all Chinese will eliminate poverty this year.
6. What’s the attitude of Craig Allen to China’s achievements in poverty alleviation?
A. surprised. B. interested. C. upset. D. indifferent.
7. Which is the meaning of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A. The global poverty has come down except China.
B. China should try its best to help the world out of poverty.
C. China has made great contributions to world poverty alleviation.
D. China has eliminated poverty completely.
8. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. China will make more progress in poverty alleviation.
B. China has done a lot in poverty alleviation.
C. China has realized its dream to help its people out of poverty.
D. The world speak well of China’s achievements in poverty alleviation.
二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）
Every new person added to the planet needs food, water, clothes, and so on. 9. . Those things require extra natural resources, including land and water. But Earth’s riches are limited. Less than 1 percent of Earths water can be used for drinking and washing. One out of every thirteen people around the world does not always have enough clean water. 10. . Too many people are using too much water, especially in the already dry areas of the southwestern United States.
Food shortages(不足) are even more common. Worldwide, one out of every seven people does not get enough to eat. 11. . Over time, the soil loses its nutrients(营养) and the farmland becomes useless for growing food. As the world becomes more crowded(拥挤的), more land is needed to make way for growing cities. 12. . That’s a problem because trees help take in a gas called carbon dioxide. Humans produce carbon dioxide by burning coal and oil. Fewer trees mean more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The buildup of carbon dioxide traps heat and pollution above Earth.
13. , although every person uses the planet's resources. The richest billion people, Americans especially, use the most resources. They also produce the most waste.
A. Forests are cleared away
B. Some people use a lot more than others
C. Water shortages have hit many parts of the world
D. Water pollution is a serious problem in some areas
E. More trees should be planted to handle air pollution
F. Huge needs for food force farmers to overuse their land
G. More people mean more cars, roads, schools, hospitals, and stores
三、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）
Germany is a highly developed country. Many people think its people lead a luxurious(奢侈的) life. One day，my friend and I 14 a restaurant. We noticed that a young couple was having their meal. There were 15 two dishes and two cans of beer on their table. I wondered if such a(n) 16 meal could be fine and whether the girl would leave that 17 man.
As we were 18 , my friend ordered more food for us. When we left, there was still about one third of the food we had ordered on the table. When we were leaving, the young man spoke to us in English. We 19 that he was unhappy about us 20 so much food. “We paid for our food. It is none of your 21 how much food we left behind,” my friend told him. The young man was so angry that he 22 took his phone out and made a call to someone.
After a while, an officer from the Social Security Organization(社会保障组织) arrived. Upon knowing what had happened, he gave us a ?50 fine(罚款), which 23 _ us.
The officer told us in a 24 voice, “ 25 is yours but resources(资源) belong to society. There are many 26 people in the world who are 27__ hunger. We have no 28 to waste resources.”
Their attitude to eating put both of us to 29 . We need to correct our wrong ___30 . We are from a country which is not very rich. To save face, we often think we should order more than we can eat, which 31 our friends our generosity(慷慨). We should realize that resources don’t belong to a (n) 32 person but they belong to everyone. We can’t 33 to waste them.
14. A. opened B. left C. entered D. called
15. A. still B. even C. already D. only
16. A. simple B. cheap C. expensive D. common
17. A. gentle B. stupid C. mean D. friendly
18. A. full B. hungry C. honest D. free
19. A. disagreed B. understood C. ignored D. doubted
20. A. ordering B. eating C. wasting D. serving
21. A. business B. power C. action D. mind
22. A. slowly B. calmly C. exactly D. immediately
23. A. worried B. upset C. surprised D. satisfied
24. A. relaxing B. serious C. grateful D. boring
25. A. Money B. Decision C. Right D. Freedom
26. A. old B. young C. rich D. poor
27. A. thinking about B. bringing in C. suffering from D. getting along with
28. A. use B. reason C. need D. way
29. A. shame B. trouble C. interest D. joy
30. A. purpose B. method C. education D. opinion
31. A. returns B. shows C. lends D. passes
32. A. important B. wealthy C. single D. special
33. A. expect B. begin C. manage D. afford
四、单句语法填空（每小题2分，共24分）
34. More and more people tend to communicate with each other by _________(mean) of the Internet.
35. We're carrying out the plan smoothly，but I am _____________(concern) about whether we can carry it on to the end.
36. They were surprised that a child should work out the problem ____________ they themselves couldn't.
37. It is his courage as well as his intelligence that _________(make) him succeed.
38. ____________ made him happy was that he won the first prize in the contest.
39. Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring ____________(figure) in the world.
40. We stood there for quite some time, __________(argue) about who should be responsible for the accident.
41. If I ____________(be) you, I would ask our teacher for advice.
42. Jack's business is not as good as before, so he has to cut __________ the expense of his company.
43. Children, when ______________(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
44. To _____________ satisfaction, both of us finally finished homework before the deadline.
45. Dr. Yuan's kind of rice is the most ___________(suit) for China's farmland.
五、单句改错（每小题2分，共20分）
46. The software is specific to solve that problem.
_______________________________________________________________________
47. He felt sorry that he forgot turning off the lights when he left the lab.
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48. Had I have time last year, I would have attended the lecture.
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49. The bad weather has lasted for several days, which has kept him going out for a picnic.
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50. It's unnatural for a mother to leave her child lonely to enjoy herself.
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51. If we hadn't made adequate preparation, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.
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52. Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be accessible for the kids.
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53. The elephant yelled(大叫) to show its anger when the another group came near.
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54. They tried all means, which possibly is helpful, but unfortunately not a means has worked so far.
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55. I was about to do an important piece of work that my daughter came to interrupt me.
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2019-2020学年高一下学期训练卷
必修四 Unit2 Working the land
英 语（二）答 案
一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共16分）
A
1-4 CACB
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了现代的农民采用高科技从事农业活动，农民的形象已经不再是人们过去认为的样子了。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“He smiled and said, ‘That we walk among you. We look like you and talk like you. We have advanced degrees and hobbies, just like you.’ ”可知，他说：“我们走在你们中间，看起来和你们一样，说话和你们一样。我们也和你们一样拥有高等学位和爱好。因此Dave认为今天的农民和普通人一样，C 项符合题意。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Is someone like Dave who you picture when you think of a farmer? Probably not. I think that most people would picture a man in his overalls(工作服).”可知，当你想到一个农民时，你会想到他们会是像戴夫（Dave）这样的人吗？可能不会。我想大多数人都会想象一个穿着工作服的人在工作。因此在作者看来大多数人会认为农民常穿工作服，A 项符合题意。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“We recently sent a team out to see what modern farming looks like”可知，我们派出了一个小组来考察现代农业的面貌，这与C项（寻找现代农业的新发展）的描述相符。故选C。
4. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“a new crop of young farmers who were trying to bring fresh greens closer to eaters in the city by growing them in high-tech indoor vertical(垂直的) farms; farmers with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars; farmers were using technology to take the best possible care of their animals.”可知，调查小组发现农民在高科技的室内垂直农场中种植新鲜蔬菜；拥有大学学位的农民种植出的植物或许有朝一日可以为我们的汽车加油；农民利用技术来尽可能地照顾好动物。因此这些农民的共同点在于他们都使用了高科技来从事现代农业工作，B 项符合题意。
B
5-8 AACD
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国在消除贫困方面取得的成就使世界对中国刮目相看，以及世界上其他国家和组织人员对中国减贫成就的高度评价。
5. 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“China’s achievements in poverty alleviation made the world look at China with admiration.”(中国在消除贫困方面取得的成就使世界对中国刮目相看)可知，第一段给出的数字的目的是为了表明中国已经帮助许多农村居民摆脱了贫困。故选A。
6. 细节理解题。根据第二段“ ‘For me, it is unbelievable that over 40 years, that is, over the course of one working lifetime, China has gone from one of the poorest countries in the world to one that is about to eliminate absolute poverty,’ said Craig Allen, president of the US-China Business Council.”（美中贸易全国委员会主席Craig Allen表示：“在我看来，40多年来，也就是在一个人的工作生涯中，中国从世界上最贫穷的国家之一，变成了即将消除绝对贫困的国家，这令人难以置信”）可知，Craig Allen对中国减贫成就感到很吃惊。故选A。
7. 句意猜测题。根据上文“Varaprasad Sekhar Dolla, a professor of Chinese studies at India’s Jawaharlal Nehru University, also spoke highly of China’s achievements in poverty reduction.”(印度尼赫鲁大学中国研究教授Varaprasad Sekhar Dolla也高度评价了中国在减贫方面取得的成就)可知，下文是对中国为世界减贫事业做出的高度评价，可知划线句子的意思是中国为世界减贫事业做出了巨大贡献。故选C。
8. 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“China’s achievements in poverty alleviation made the world look at China with admiration.”(中国在消除贫困方面取得的成就使世界对中国刮目相看)以及其他人对中国的减贫成就的评价，本文主要讲述世界对中国的扶贫成就高度评价。故选D。
二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）
9-13 GCFAB
本文为议论文。主要论述了世界上由于人口的增加，对自然资源的需求也增加，导致粮食短缺在世界非常普遍。
9. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空格的上句“每个新出生的人都需要食物、水、衣服等等”以及下句“这些东西需要额外的自然资源，包括土地和水”。分析选项，可知与“需要自然资源，包括土地和水”有关的选项是G项（更多的人意味着更多的汽车、道路、学校、医院和商店）。更多的汽车、道路、学校、医院和商店意味着需要更多的自然资源，包括土地和水。故选G。
10. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空格的上句“世界上每十三个人中就有一个人并不总是有足够的干净的饮用水”以及空格的下句“太多的人正在使用太多的水，特别是在美国西南部已经干旱的地区。”可知，水资源短缺会影响到世界许多地方，尤其是干旱地区。分析选项可知C项（水资源短缺已经影响到世界许多地方）与此意义一致，故选C。
11. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空所在的第二段的第一句是中心句“Food shortages(不足) are even more common”。分析选项可知F项与本段有词的复现“Food”，与粮食需求有关。以及空前的“Worldwide, one out of every seven people does not get enough to eat.”可知，粮食短缺，有许多人吃不饱。因此农民过度使用土地以增加对粮食的需求。分析选项可知F项（对粮食的巨大需求迫使农民过度使用土地）符合题意，故选F项。
12. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的“That’s a problem because trees help take in a gas called carbon dioxide…Fewer trees mean more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.”可知，森林减少了，吸收的二氧化碳就少了。分析选项可知A项（森林被清除了）符合题意，故选A。
13. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的“although every person uses the planet's resources. The richest billion people, Americans especially,” 尽管每个人都使用地球的资源，但最富有的人尤其是美国人用的最多。可知，世界上有些人比其他人用的更多。分析选项可知B项（有些人比其他人使用更多）符合题意，故选B。
三、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）
14-18 CDACB 19-23 BCADC 24-28 BADCB 29-33 ADBCD
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过德国人吃饭不浪费食物的例子告诉我们资源是属于社会的，我们没有理由浪费资源。
14. 考查动词辨析。A. opened打开；B. left离开；C. entered进入；D. called打电话。此处指我和朋友进入一家饭店，看到一对年轻夫妇在吃饭。表示“进入”，故选C。
15. 考查副词辨析。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. already已经；D. only只，仅仅。根据下文“if such a(n) 16 meal could be fine and whether the girl would leave”和下文“he was unhappy about us 20 so much food.”及“We have no ___28 to waste resources.”可知这对年轻人很节约，不浪费食物，也不希望我们浪费。此处是他们只点了2个菜和两罐啤酒，故选D。
16. 考查形容词辨析。A. simple简单的；B. cheap便宜的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. common普通的。此处指两个年轻人点的“two dishes and two cans of beer”是简单的饭菜，故选A。
17. 考查形容词辨析。A. gentle温和的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. mean吝啬的；D. friendly友好的。因为两个年轻人点的饭菜很简单，所以我认为这个男士很吝啬。故选C。
18. 考查形容词辨析。A. full满的，完全的；B. hungry 饥饿的；C. honest诚实的；D. free免费的，自由的。此处指因为我们饿了，所以朋友给我们点了很多食物。故选B。
19. 考查动词辨析。A. disagreed不同意；B. understood明白，懂得；C. ignored忽视；D. doubted怀疑。通过年轻人对我们说的话，我们明白他因为我们浪费食物而不高兴。故选B。
20. 考查动词辨析。A. ordering命令；B. eating吃；C. wasting浪费；D. serving服务。根据上文“there was still about one third of the food we had ordered on the table.”可知我们剩了三分之一的食物，即我们浪费了食物。故选C。
21. 考查名词辨析。A. business事情；B. power力量，能力；C. action行动；D. mind精神，智力。朋友告诉年轻人我们花钱买的食物，我们剩多少和他无关。none of your business“不关你的事”，故选A。
22. 考查副词辨析。A. slowly缓慢地；B. calmly平静地；C. exactly恰好，正是；D. immediately立刻，马上。年轻人听完朋友的话很生气，立刻拿出手机打电话。故选D。
23. 考查动词辨析。A. worried担心；B. upset 使心烦；C. surprised吃惊；D. satisfied满意。此处指社会保障组织的官员罚了我们50欧元，这让我们很吃惊。故选C。
24. 考查形容词辨析。A. relaxing放松的；B. serious严肃的；C. grateful感谢的；D. boring无聊的。此处指官员严肃地告诉我们不能浪费社会资源，serious符合当时语境，故选B。
25. 考查名词辨析。A. Money钱；B. Decision决定；C. Right正确，正义；D. Freedom自由。官员告诉我们钱是你们自己的，但资源是属于社会的。故选A。
26. 考查形容词辨析。A. old 古老的；B. young年轻的；C. rich富有的；D. poor贫穷的。根据句中“who are 27 hunger.”可知是指世界上还有许多挨饿的穷人，故选D。
27. 考查动词短语辨析。A. thinking about 思考；B. bringing in引进；C. suffering from 遭受；D. getting along with 相处。此处指世界上还有许多遭受饥饿的穷人，故选C。
28. 考查名词辨析。A. use使用；B. reason理由；C. need需要；D. way方法。此处指我们没有理由浪费资源，故选B。
29. 考查名词辨析。A. shame羞愧；B. trouble麻烦；C. interest 兴趣；D. joy快乐。德国人对吃饭的态度使我们很羞愧，因为我们浪费了食物。故选A。
30. 考查名词辨析。A. purpose目的；B. method方法；C. education 教育；D. opinion观点。我们需要改正我们错误的观点，指对待吃饭和浪费的观点。故选D。
31. 考查动词辨析。A. returns返回；B. shows显示；C. lends借出；D. passes通过。为了顾及颜面，我们总是多点菜，这显示我们对朋友的慷慨。故选B。
32. 考查形容词辨析。A. important重要的；B. wealthy富有的；C. single单一的；D. special特别的。句意：我们应该意识到资源不属于某个人，而属于大家。表示单个人，故选C。
33. 考查动词辨析。A. expect期望，期待；B. begin开始；C. manage管理，经营；D. afford给予，提供，负担得起。此处指我们不能浪费资源，表示“负担得起”，故选D。
四、单句语法填空（每小题2分，共24分）
34.means
句意：越来越多人倾向于通过互联网和他人沟通了。by means of固定搭配，表示通过… …手段。故填means。
35.concerned
句意：我们在稳步开展计划，但我担心的是我们是否可以执行到底。固定短语，be concerned about对… …关心/担心。故填concerned。
36.while
句意：他们惊奇地发现一个孩子居然解决了这个问题，然而他们却做不到。while表示两件事物的对比，意为而，然而。故填while。
37.makes
句意：正是他的勇气和聪明才智让他取得成功。分析句子结构可知，该句使用一般现在时。且当as?well?as连接两个成分作主语时，其后谓语的单复数形式通常要与前面一个主语保持一致。courage是抽象名词单数形式，故填makes。
38.What
句意：让他开心的是他在比赛中获得了第一名。分析句子结构可知，该句缺少主语，且位于句首，故填What。
39.figures
句意：林肯被认为是世界上最鼓舞人心的人物之一。one of+可数名词复数，表示… …之一。故填figures。
40.arguing
句意：我们站在这好一会儿了，争论着谁改为这次事故负责。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“stood”且没有连词，故此处需使用非谓语动词。又因为主语“We”和“argue”是主动关系，故填arguing。
41.were
句意：如果我是你的话，我会问问我老师的意见。If引导的虚拟语气中，与现在事实相反，用一般过去时。If I were you是固定用法，故填were。
42.down
句意：杰克的生意不如从前好了，因此他不得不削减公司的费用。结合句意可知，此处表示削减，固定搭配cut down。故填down。
43.accompanied
句意：儿童需在父母的陪同下方可进入体育场。固定短语，be accompanied by sb.被某人陪伴。且当主句和从句的主语一致时，从句中的主语和be动词可省略。故填accompanied。
44.our
句意：让我们满意的是我们俩终于在截止日期前写完了作业。固定短语to one’s satisfaction。分析句意可知，主语是“both of us”，故填our。
45.suitable
句意：袁博士的水稻是最适合中国农田的。分析句子结构可知，“the most+形容词”表示形容词最高级。故填suitable。
五、单句改错（每小题2分，共20分）
46.solve→solving
47.turning→to turn
48.have→had
49.在going out之前加from
50.lonely→alone
51.preparation→preparations
52.for→to
53.去掉the
54.is→are
55.that→when
