专题三 完形填空
[三年考情分析]
卷别
年份
体裁
题材
命题角度
动词
名词
形容词
副词
介词
全国卷Ⅰ
2019
记叙文
个人经历
8
7
4
1
2018
记叙文
个人经历
9
7
3
1
2017
记叙文
个人经历
10
5
4
1
全国卷Ⅱ
2019
记叙文
人物故事
9
5
3
2
1
2018
记叙文
个人经历
9
3
5
2
1
2017
记叙文
个人经历
9
8
3
全国卷Ⅲ
2019
记叙文
人物故事
11
2
5
2
2018
记叙文
人物故事
10
6
4
2017
记叙文
人物故事
9
7
4
[命题规律]
1．短文以记叙文为主，夹叙夹议文为辅。情节往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙，有时还夹有描述和评论。
2．以考查实词为主。动词的考查依然是首位，然后是名词、形容词和副词，虚词偶有考查。
3．联系上下文的设空约占80%，结合语篇的设空约占20%，充分体现了“注重基础，难易比例适当，有利于选拔人才”的高考命题思路。
[命题趋势]
1．预计2020年高考依然以记叙文为主，选材上以贴近学生生活的话题为主，包括社会热点、学校生活、人物故事等，以传递正能量、普及社会常识为宗旨。
2．选项布局以考查实词为主，其中动词、名词居多，其次是形容词、副词，对介词等虚词的考查相对较少。
3．从三个层面考查语境理解的能力：对文章整体(文章中心主线和整体结构)的把握和理解；对上下文或句子之间关系的把握和理解；对句子结构和意义的把握和理解。
[完形填空解题四步骤]
第一步：通读全文，理解大意
重视首句信息，把握文章大意，为解题打下良好的基础。
第二步：根据语境，初选答案
解题过程中，应遵循先易后难的原则，先选出那些自己有把握的选项。对少数难题，暂时跳过；或许根据上文信息或后一两句都难以判断的题，在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示；或许一个在前面不能解答的题，在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
第三步：研读选项，解决难题
借助已经填完的选项，上下求索、瞻前顾后，集中解决遗留的少数难题。此时我们要从语篇层次进行深入分析。
第四步：复读全文，验证答案
代入选项，重读文章，最终确定答案。
A篇 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.They 1 with them lots of waste.The 2 might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing，changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories，I'm 4 about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
However，I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish.I find a 7 mountain，with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are 8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 ．
The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 ，in my opinion，isn't reaching the top.Mountains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures.This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers.At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters， 14 lands of low growing plants.Further up，the weather 15 —low clouds envelop the mountainsides，which are covered with thick grass.I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4，000 meters is the highland 17 ：gravel(砾石)，stones and rocks. 18 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro 20 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
【语篇解读】 主题：人与自然(环境保护)；话题：乞力马扎罗山。本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观情况。该语篇能激发深入思考，关注自然和生态，探索人与自然的和谐相处之道。
1．A.keep B．mix C．connect D．bring
D [上文语境题。根据第一句“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro...”可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们攀登的时候带来(bring)了很多垃圾。]
2．A.stories B．buildings
C．crowds D．reporters
C [上文语境题。联系上文中的“about 40，000 people”可知，这些人群(crowds)有可能破坏这个地方的美。]
3．A.position B．age
C．face D．name
C [上文语境题。联系上文中的“The glaciers are disappearing”可知，冰川的消失正在改变乞力马扎罗山的面貌(face)。]
4．A.silent B．skeptical
C．serious D．crazy
B [下文语境题。联系下文“other destinations are described as‘purer’natural experiences”可知，其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验，所以作者对乞力马扎罗山被严重破坏的报道表示怀疑(skeptical)。be skeptical about对……表示怀疑。silent沉默的；serious严肃的；crazy疯狂的。]
5．A.discover B．argue
C．decide D．advocate
A [下文语境题。联系下文的“much has changed”可知，作者发现(discover)了乞力马扎罗山的变化。argue争论；decide决定；advocate提倡。]
6．A.equipment B．grass
C．camps D．stones
C [下文语境题。联系下文中的“with toilets at camps”可知，这里报道的是营地(camp)。]
7．A.remote B．quiet
C．tall D．clean
D [上下文语境题。联系上文However(然而)及下文“with toilets at camps and along the paths(营地和路边都有厕所)”可推知，作者看到的是干净的(clean)山。]
8．A.new B．special
C．significant D．necessary
C [上文语境题。上文提到乞力马扎罗山有众多游客，而且有很多垃圾，还有令人心烦的诸多报道，由此可知，这里面临的环境挑战是重大的(significant)。new新的；special特殊的；necessary有必要的。]
9．A.paying off B．spreading out
C．blowing up D．fading away
A [上文语境题。联系前文的“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在奏效(pay off)。spread out展开；blow up爆炸；fade away逐渐消失。]
10．A.atmosphere B．experience
C．experiment D．sight
B [下文语境题。联系下文reaching the top可知，作者认为乞力马扎罗山最好的爬山体验(experience)并不是登顶。atmosphere气氛；experiment实验；sight视线。]
11．A.studied B．observed
C．explored D．regarded
D [下文语境题。联系空后的“by many cultures”可知，山在很多文化中被看作是(regard)灵魂之地，be regarded as被看作是……。study研究；observe观察；explore探索。]
12．A.view B．quality
C．reason D．purpose
A [上下文语境题。结合上文的“文化观”，再联系下文的“go through five ecosystems”可知，这种“经历五种生态系统”的景色(view)在乞力马扎罗山表现尤为明显。quality品质；reason原因；purpose目的。]
13．A.scientists B．climbers
C．locals D．officials
B [上文语境题。联系上文的“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro...”可知，爬山的人(climbers)可以经历五种生态系统。scientist科学家；local本地人；official官员。]
14．A.holding on to B．going back to
C．living up to D．giving way to
D [上文语境题。联系上文的“It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters”可知，热带雨林在3 000米处突然中止，取而代之的是生长着低矮植物的土地。give way to意为“被……代替”，符合语境。hold on to坚持；go back to回到；live up to不辜负。]
15．A.changes B．clears
C．improves D．permits
A [上下文语境题。上文介绍了五种生态系统中的两种，再联系下文的“low clouds envelop the mountainsides”可知，在这里气候又发生了变化(change)。clear清除；improve改善；permit允许。]
16．A.match B．imagine
C．count D．add
C [下文语境题。联系空后的“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了(count)12种绿色。]
17．A.village B．desert
C．road D．lake
B [下文语境题。联系冒号后的“gravel，stones and rocks”可知，4 000米以上是荒漠(desert)。]
18．A.Obviously B．Easily
C．Consequently D．Finally
D [上下文语境题。上文介绍了从山下到山上的五个生态系统，所以这里说最后(finally)爬到了一个像北极圈一样的区域。obviously明显地；easily容易地；consequently因此，所以。]
19．A.permanent B．little
C．fresh D．artificial
A [上文语境题。联系上文的“climb into an arctic-like zone”可知，攀登者到了一个像北极圈的地方，所以这里是指常年积雪。permanent意为“永久的，永恒的”，符合语境。little少的；fresh新鲜的；artificial人造的。]
20．A.enjoy B．deserve
C．save D．acquire
B [下文语境题。联系下文的“I found the opposite to be true.”可知，作者在这里进行反问：乞力马扎罗山真的应该获得(deserve)游人如织，破坏了其平和景象的拥挤山脉这一名声吗？]
B篇 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March— 21 six months out of the year.
“Of course, we 22 it when the sun is shining，” says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office.“We see the sky is 23 ， but down in the valley it's darker—it's like on a 24 day.”
But that 25 when a system of high-tech 26 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below.Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan 27 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 28 .The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 29 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 30 and to close during windy weather.They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town's central 31 ， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.When the light 32 ， Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been 33 there and standing there and taking 34 of each other，” Ro says.“The town square was totally 35 ．I think almost all the people in the town were there.”The 3，500 residents cannot all 36 the sunshine at the same time. 37 ， the new light feels like more than enough for the town's 38 residents.
“It's not very 39 ，” she says, “but it is enough when we are 40 ．”
【语篇解读】 主题：人与自然(自然生态)；话题：运用高科技“引进”阳光。本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了挪威小城尤坎一年中接近半年无法得到阳光直射，这种情况通过运用高科技设备得以改善。该语篇旨在激发思考，引导学生关注自然生态，探索人与自然的和谐相处之道。
21．A.only B．obviously
C．nearly D．precisely
C [上文语境题。根据空前所述(从九月底到三月中旬)可知，此处指接近(nearly)六个月的时间。only只有；obviously明显地；precisely精确地。]
22．A.fear B．believe
C．hear D．notice
D [上下文语境题。由上文可知挪威小城尤坎接近六个月的时间没有阳光直射，再根据下文引号里的话可知，当地人在阳光照耀的时候注意(notice)到天空是蓝色的，但山谷里较暗。fear害怕；believe相信；hear听说。]
23．A.empty B．blue
C．high D．wide
B [上文语境题。显然，该引号中的话为当地人注意到的情况——我们看到天空是蓝色的(blue)，但山谷里较暗。empty空的；high高的；wide宽的。]
24．A.cloudy B．normal
C．different D．warm
A [上文语境题。山谷里较暗，就像阴天(a cloudy day)一样。normal正常的；different不同的；warm温暖的。]
25．A.helped B．changed
C．happened D．mattered
B [上下文语境题。但是当一套高科技的镜子系统被引进之后，这种状况改变(change)了。help帮助；happen发生；matter重要。]
26．A.computers B．telescopes
C．mirrors D．cameras
C [下文语境题。由下文中的“The mirrors are controlled...”可知该空填mirrors(镜子)。computer电脑；telescope望远镜；camera照相机。]
27．A.remembered B．forecasted
C．received D．imagined
C [上下文语境题。由上下文可知，在引进高科技的镜子系统后，尤坎居民收到(receive)了冬日阳光的第一束光。remember记住；forecast预报；imagine想象。]
28．A.repair B．risk
C．rest D．use
D [上文语境题。由该句前的冒号可知，此句介绍尤坎居民是如何得到光源的——附近山坡上的一排反射板投入使用。put to use“投入使用”，符合语境。repair修理；risk冒险；rest休息。]
29．A.forbids B．directs
C．predicts D．follows
B [上下文语境题。这些镜子是由电脑控制的，电脑可以让它们在白天随着太阳转动，在有风的天气里关闭。direct“管理，指挥”，符合语境。forbid禁止；predict预测；follow跟随。]
30．A.day B．night
C．month D．year
A [上下文语境题。因为是要反射光源，肯定是在白天时间。throughout the day“整个白天”，符合语境。]
31．A.library B．hall
C．square D．street
C [下文语境题。由下一段中的“The town square was totally...”可知，此空填square。library图书馆；hall大厅；street街道。]
32．A.appeared B．returned
C．faded D．stopped
A [上文语境题。当光出现(appear)的时候，尤坎居民就聚集到一起。return返回；fade消失；stop停止。]
33．A.driving B．hiding
C．camping D．sitting
D [下文语境题。与空后的standing对应的是sitting，指人们或坐或站，故选D项。drive驾驶；hide躲藏；camp露营。]
34．A.pictures B．notes
C．care D．hold
A [上下文语境题。人们或坐或站，互相拍照。take pictures of“给……拍照”，符合语境。take notes of记笔记；take care of照顾；take hold of握住。]
35．A.new B．full
C．flat D．silent
B [下文语境题。由空后的“我觉得几乎镇上所有人都在那里了”可知城镇广场完全满了(full)。new新的；flat平淡的，单调的；silent沉默的。]
36．A.block B．avoid
C．enjoy D．store
C [上下文语境题。3 500个居民不能同时享受(enjoy)阳光。block挡住，堵住；avoid避免；store储存。]
37．A.Instead B．However
C．Gradually D．Similarly
B [语义逻辑题。空前提到居民不能同时享受阳光，空后说，新光线对小镇居民而言感觉绰绰有余，由此可知，前后语义为转折关系，故填however(然而)。instead反而，相反；gradually逐渐地；similarly相似地。]
38．A.nature-loving B．energy-saving
C．weather-beaten D．sun-starved
D [上文语境题。尤坎小镇原本每年有接近六个月的时间不见阳光，所以说他们是渴望阳光的(sun-starved)居民。nature-loving热爱自然的；energy-saving节约能源的；weather-beaten饱经风霜的。]
39．A.big B．clear
C．cold D．easy
A [上下文语境题。由上文Ro的叙述以及more than enough等字眼可知，对于渴望阳光的尤坎居民而言，新光线让他们心满意足。故此处语境为“它不是很大(big)，但当我们分享(share)的时候就足够了”。]
40．A.trying B．waiting
C．watching D．sharing
D [上文语境题。当我们分享(share)的时候就足够了。try尝试；wait等待；watch观看。]
C篇 (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)
Two weeks earlier，my son，Ben，had got in touch.He'd moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I'd 41 seen him.So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.
I was 43 ！I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 ．The bay was 45 in sunshine，and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore.Getting a little 46 ，I realized one kayak (皮划艇)was in 47 ．“Something's not 48 ！”I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water.I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle.He was 50 violently.Linking arms with one of the instructors，I helped 51 the young man out of the water.He was unconscious and as I looked at his face，something 52 to me.Those brown eyes were very 53 ．“What's his name？”I asked the instructor.“Ben，”he replied，and immediately I 54 ．That stranger was my son!
The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 ，after a brief stay in hospital，Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner.We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me.“I just want to say thank you，”he said.“You 58 my life！”
I still can't believe what a 59 it was.I'm just so glad I was there 60 to help my son.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲碰巧营救了自己的儿子的故事。
41．A.also B．often
C．even D．last
D [自从作者“上次(last)”见到他的儿子已经过去13年了。]
42．A.delight B．relief
C．anger D．worry
A [父子多年没联系，也没见面。得知儿子要来看望他，作者自然是“高兴(delight)”极了。]
43．A.scared B．shocked
C．thrilled D．ashamed
C [根据语境可知，多年没有见面的儿子要来看望自己，作者自然是感到“激动的(thrilled)”。]
44．A.talk B．stay
C．meet D．settle
C [作者迫不及待地想见到自己的儿子，所以他早早地到达与儿子“会面(meet)”的地方。]
45．A.bathed B．clean
C．deep D．formed
A [海湾“沐浴(bathed)”在阳光下。]
46．A.faster B．closer
C．heavier D．wiser
B [根据常识，“更靠近(closer)”点才能发现皮划艇出了问题。]
47．A.trouble B．advance
C．question D．battle
A [从下文作者救人的描述可知，走近一点，作者发现一只皮划艇遇到了“麻烦(trouble)”。]
48．A.real B．right
C．fair D．fit
B [根据下文的描述可知选B。本句跟前一句说的是一回事。something's not right意为“某事不对劲”。]
49．A.stared B．sank
C．dived D．fell
C [从下文内容可知，作者要去水中救人，自然要“跳入(dived)”水中。]
50．A.arguing B．fighting
C．shouting D．shaking
D [他在水中猛烈地摇摆(shake)，以求别人把他拉上去。]
51．A.lead B．persuade
C．carry D．keep
C [这时，作者帮忙把那个年轻人从水里“抬(carry)”了出来。]
52．A.happened B．occurred
C．applied D．appealed
B [他昏迷了，当作者看着他的脸时，突然想到了一些事情。something occurs to sb.是固定搭配，意为“某人突然想起某事”。]
53．A.sharp B．pleasant
C．attractive D．familiar
D [从下文可知，作者救出来的是自己的儿子，父亲对自己的儿子的一些情况应该是“熟悉的(familiar)”。]
54．A.agreed B．hesitated
C．doubted D．knew
D [当教练说出这个年轻人的名字时，作者马上就“知道(know)”了一切，原来那个被救的年轻人就是他的儿子。]
55．A.Fortunately B．Frankly
C．Sadly D．Suddenly
A [康复得很快，当然是一件幸运的事，故此处表示“幸运地(Fortunately)”。]
56．A.return B．relax
C．speak D．leave
D [经过短暂的住院治疗后，Ben已经可以“离开(leave)”医院了。]
57．A.joked B．turned
C．listened D．pointed
B [Ben转过(turn)头来对作者说感谢的话。]
58．A.created B．honored
C．saved D．guided
C [从上文的描述可知，作者“救(save)”了Ben的命。]
59．A.coincidence B．change
C．pity D．pain
A [作者下水救人，救出来的竟然是自己的儿子，真是“巧合(coincidence)”。]
60．A.on board B．in time
C．for sure D．on purpose
B [作者真的很高兴能“及时(in time)”帮助自己的儿子。]
技法一 利用上下文暗示解题
[解题技法分述]
在多数空白前后的上下文中，会出现或多或少的设空依据，就是所谓的“伏笔”或“暗示”。学生在阅读过程中会根据这些伏笔或暗示，或顺势对下文进行推测，或逆向对上文进行推导，心中往往能预判出答案，并且在阅读过程中对预想答案不断进行修正。
[经典案例分析]
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper.The ad had a 51 number for a town in southern Michigan.Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their dog.
Jeff had 54 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog，Rosie，but the gun shots had scared the dog off.Jeff searched 55.in vain for Rosie in the next four days.
50．A．predicted B．advertised C．believed D．recorded
51．A．house B．phone C．street D．car
52．A．called B．copied C．counted D．remembered
53．A．fed B．adopted C．found D．cured
54．A．hunted B．skied C．lived D．worked
[思维路径] 可以通过下文的关键词the local paper和the ad的暗示来选定50至53题。狗的主人应是在当地报纸做了广告，故50题选 B 。寻狗启事上应留有电话号码，故51题选 B 。Ehlers 给狗的主人打电话说已经找到了他们的狗，故52题选 A ；53题选 C 。后一段中，下文的the gun shots给出了暗示，据此判定他们在打猎，故54题选 A 。
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course，called Thinking Chess，for three credits.I 41.jumped at the idea of taking the class because，after all，who doesn't want to 42 a few dollars？More than that，I'd always wanted to learn chess.And，even if I weren't 43 enough about free credits，news about our 44.instructor was appealing enough to me.He was an international grandmaster，which 45.meant I would be learning from one of the game's 46 ．I could hardly wait to 47.meet him.
42．A．waste B．earn C．save D．pay
43．A．excited B．worried C．moved D．tired
46．A．fastest B．easiest C．best D．rarest
[思维路径] 根据上文中的a“free”course可知课程是免费的，我欣然接受，毕竟谁不想节省几美元呢？故42题选 C 。下文44题空白后面的appealing暗示，即使我对自由学分不感兴趣，可是关于这门课程教师的消息对我却有足够的吸引力，故43空选 A 。根据45题空白前的an international grandmaster可知他是一位国际大师，这意味着我将师从最佳国际象棋选手之一，故46题选 C 。
技法二 利用词汇复现解题
[解题技法分述]
完形填空的文章虽短，但却是一个意义完整、上下关联的语篇，所讨论的是同一主题，所以行文中的替代现象和词语重复是不可避免的。词汇的复现是指某一词以原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词等出现在语篇中，句子通过这种复现得到了相互衔接。完形填空的某个空白处的答案可能就是上下文复现的相关词，据此可快速找出正确答案。
[经典案例分析]
(2019·北京高考)Tina Stern 17.received rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free 18 . “It's not just a ride; you're not just sitting there in 19.awkward silence or with your headphones on，” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually 20.remembers the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll 21.check on those things.”
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation, On Point for College. Although the 22 asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes 23.beyond to ensure the welfare and safety of the students.
18．A．transportation B．style
C．time D．communication
22．A．club B．league
C．college D．programme
[思维路径] 我们可以发现，18题空白所填的词与17题空白后面的rides以及18题空白后面的ride和18题选项中的transportation属于词汇复现，故选 A 。22题前面a student-support programme与22题选项中的programme也是词汇复现，题意为“此项目(programme)要求成员只是提供搭载服务”，故22题选 D 。
(2018·天津高考)I learned this lesson from a(n) 17.experience many years ago.I took the head 18 job at a school in Baxley，Georgia.It was a small school with a weak football program.
It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the 19 team at the end of spring practice.The old team had no coach，and they didn't even practice to 20.prepare for the game.Being the coach of the new team，I was excited because I knew we were going to win，but to my disappointment we were defeated.
18．A．operating B．editing
C．consulting D．coaching
19．A．successful B．excellent
C．strong D．new
[思维路径] 根据文章的最后一句话中的Being the coach of the new team可知，我担任新队的教练，从事主教练工作，18题选项中的coaching与后文中的coach属于词汇复现，故18题选 D 。根据19题空白前的old可知，老队和新队进行一场比赛是一种传统，根据old的反义词复现可锁定19题选 D ，后面old和new的再次复现更加印证了答案。
技法三 利用习惯搭配解题
[解题技法分述]
完形填空经常在文章中考查词语的习惯搭配，主要考查动词与名词、代词之间，动词、名词、形容词与介词之间的搭配。熟悉并掌握固定搭配是解题的重要手段。
[经典案例分析]
(2019·北京高考)For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely 26.necessary for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to 27 vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has 28 them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the 29.experience. “I just love driving，and I love these kids，” Wilson said. “It's such a(n) 30.privilege to be a part of these kids' lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.”
27．A．share B．fuel
C．repair D．exchange
28．A．required B．allowed
C．reminded D．convinced
[思维路径] 有些学生没有可靠的汽车，而有些学生不得不与父母共用一辆车，此处share ... with ...为习惯搭配，意为“与……共用……”，故27题选 A 。对于学生们而言，搭乘老人的车能够让他们完成学业，allow sb. to do sth.是习惯搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，故28题选 B 。
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Maurice Ashley was kind and smart，a former graduate returning to teach，and this 48.job was no game for him；he meant business.In his introduction，he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned.In order to 50.pass the class，among other criteria，we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and，52.eventually，to our lives.I managed to get an A in that 53.course and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54.classroom．
49．A．real B．perfect
C．clear D．possible
51．A．add B．expose
C．apply D．compare
[思维路径] “在他的介绍中，他明确表示这些学分不容易得到。”make ...clear意为“把……说清楚”，是习惯搭配，故49题选 C 。“为了通过这门课，我们必须写一篇论文，讲述我们如何计划将在课堂里所学的知识应用于未来的职业中。”apply ...to ...意为“将……应用于……之中”，也是习惯搭配，故51题选 C 。
技法四 利用逻辑关系解题
[解题技法分述]
文章的段与段、句与句之间通常具有一定的语义关系，如：并列关系，转折关系，选择关系，递进关系，因果关系，目的关系，解释关系等。完形填空经常会考查考生对文章中的这些语义关系的把握。因此，理清文章的语义关系是解题的关键。
[经典案例分析]
(2018·北京高考)Mr.Anderson said: “I couldn't believe that the guy never took a penny.To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight 26.when he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in.This guy has nothing and 27 he didn't take the wallet for himself; he thought about others 28 ．It's unbelievable.It just proves there are 29.honest guys out there.”
27．A．rather B．yet
C．already D．just
28．A．too B．though
C．again D．instead
[思维路径] 27和28空所在的句子说，这个人一无所有，但是他没有拿走钱包，他考虑的是别人，没有考虑自己。27题空白前后的语义为转折关系，and yet相当于but，故27题选 B 。28题空白前的句意与前文是选择关系，instead意为“而是”，故28题选 D 。
(2017·浙江高考)The books are in every language—new books，ancient books， 40 a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
She had asked the government for 41 to move the books to a 42.safe place，but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own hands.
40．A．then B．still
C．even D．rather
41．A．permission B．confirmation
C．explanation D．information
[思维路径] 40题空白前后的句子在语义上是递进关系，“有新书、古书，甚至还有700年前有关伊拉克历史的书籍”，故40题选 C 。42题空白后有but，与前文在语义上是转折关系，根据“但是他们拒绝了”可知，她请求过政府的允许，故41题选 A 。
技法五 利用情景排除解题
[解题技法分述]
完形填空的某些设空在文章的上下文中是找不到“伏笔”或“暗示”的，这时就要求学生对空白前后的情景进行合理想象，然后用排除法确定正确选项，因为四个选项中必有一正确选项。
[经典案例分析]
(2019·天津高考)I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some 16 station.
The 17 moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the 18.contents of that little wallet? The credit cards, the driver's license, the cash, all lost to the bus.
16．A．accessible B．hidden
C．unknown D．convenient
17．A．face-saving B．brain-washing
C．eye-catching D．heart-stopping
[思维路径] 16题在文中找不到伏笔或暗示，但根据情景可知，公交车正在夜幕中快速行驶，正驶向某个未知的车站，这样就可排除A、B、D三个选项，故16题选 C 。通过情景可推知，当作者发现钱包丢失时非常害怕，复合形容词heart-stopping意为“令人非常害怕的”，排除A、B、C三个选项，故17题选 D 。
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Through the years，I'd run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates.I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his52.graduation from high school and remained the same53.caring person I met forty years before.Once，while working overnight at a store，he let a homeless man54.sleep in his truck.Another time，he 55 a friend money to buy a house.
51．A．assessments B．comments
C．instructions D．updates
55．A．paid B．charged
C．lent D．owed
[思维路径] 51题在文中找不到伏笔或暗示，但根据前后的情景可知，作者这些年不时地会碰到以前的学生，他们会给他提供些老学生们的“新信息(updates)”，这样就可排除A、B、C三个选项，故51题选 D 。根据55题空白后的“朋友买房”，可判定他借给了朋友一些钱，故55题选 C 。
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person，we usually say “sorry， 41 number！”and move on.But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn't intended for him，he did something 43 .
On March 19，Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn't know were at the hospital，waiting for the 45 of a baby.
“Congratulations！But I think someone was mistaken，”Dennis 46 ．The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother，Teresa.In her 48 ，she didn't seem to realize that she was 49 the baby's photos with a complete stranger.“Well，I don't 50 you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby，”replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in.
Much to the family's surprise，Dennis stuck to his 52 ！He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.Lindsey's husband was totally 54 by the unexpected visit.“I don't think we would have randomly invited him over but we 55 it and the gifts.”
Teresa 56 a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by the touching words：“What a 58 this young man was to our family！He was so 59 and kind to do this.”The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61，500 likes in just three days.
41．A．unlucky B．secret C．new D．wrong
42．A．received B．translated C．copied D．printed
43．A．reasonable B．special C．necessary D．practical
44．A．convincing B．reminding C．informing D．warning
45．A．wake-up B．recovery C．growth D．arrival
46．A．responded B．interrupted C．predicted D．repeated
47．A．coming in B．setting out
C．passing down D．moving around
48．A．opinion B．anxiety C．excitement D．effort
49．A．comparing B．exchanging C．discussing D．sharing
50．A．accept B．know C．believe D．bother
51．A．parents B．doctors C．patients D．visitors
52．A．dream B．promise C．agenda D．principle
53．A．bearing B．collecting C．opening D．making
54．A．discouraged B．relaxed C．astonished D．defeated
55．A．admit B．need C．appreciate D．expect
56．A．found B．selected C．developed D．posted
57．A．confirmed B．simplified
C．clarified D．accompanied
58．A．pity B．blessing C．relief D．problem
59．A．smart B．calm C．sweet D．fair
60．A．sympathy B．attention C．control D．trust
41.D 词汇复现。 根据“an unknown person”和“sorry”可知，此处应是“wrong number”，unknown与wrong属同一范畴。
42．A 词汇复现。 由第二段中的“got a group text”可知，此处所填词的词义与“got”相同，故选received，意为“收到”。
43．B 逻辑关系。 根据句中表转折关系的“But”及下文内容可知，Dennis所做的事有别于常人，故选special“不寻常的”。
44．C 情景排除。 根据语境可知，手机短信告诉(inform)他一对夫妇正在医院等待孩子的出生。
45．D 词汇复现。 根据第三段中的“The baby was born and...”可知，此处填入的词在语义上应与“born”一致，故选arrival。
46．A 情景排除。 “Congratulations！But I think someone was mistaken”是Dennis回复的短信内容，故选responded“回复”。
47．A 情景排除。 根据语境可知，Dennis又收到了更新的短信(update texts)，此处表示短信又“进入”了手机，故选coming in。
48．C 词汇复现。 根据“the overjoyed grandmother”可知，此处应填入excitement，与“overjoyed(欣喜若狂的)”是同义词复现。
49．D 习惯搭配。 根据语境可知，Teresa似乎没意识到她正与陌生人分享(share)婴儿的照片。share sth. with sb.是习惯搭配。
50．B 逻辑关系。 根据上下文语境可知，“虽然我不认识(know)你们，但我会来医院和小婴儿拍合影。”上下文之间是转折关系。
51．A 情景排除。 由上下文语境可知，Dennis没有询问初为人父母的两个人在哪个房间，故选parents。
52．B 上下文暗示、习惯搭配。 由“I will get there to take pictures with the baby”和“He turned up at the hospital”可知，Dennis信守了承诺(promise)。
53．A 情景排除。 上下文情景是他带着(bear)礼物去看了新手妈妈Lindsey和她的宝宝。
54．C 情景排除。 Lindsey的丈夫对Dennis突如其来的到访感到震惊(astonished)。
55．C 逻辑关系。 Dennis的到访虽然出乎意料，但他们还是非常感激(appreciate)他的。but连接的前、后句存在转折关系。
56．D 上下文暗示。 根据下文中的“The post has since gained...”可知，Teresa在社交网站上张贴(post)了一张照片。
57．D 上下文暗示。 Teresa在张贴照片的同时，还附(accompany)了感人的话语。accompanied by...words附有……文字的。
58．B 上下文暗示。 由前文的touching和后文的kind可知，年轻人的到来对我们家来说是一种祝福(blessing)。
59．C 词汇复现。 根据语境可知，此处填入的词应与其后的“kind”在语义范畴上保持一致，故选sweet(善良的，好心的)。
60．B 上下文暗示。 由“receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61，500 likes in just three days”可知，帖子引起了社交媒体用户的关注(attention)。
A篇
My mom is an awesome human being just like all other moms.She knowingly and unknowingly 1 me a whole lot of things about the world.The 2 which I'm going to share today determined the way I 3 everybody.
I was four years old.One fine afternoon，my mom and I were 4 outdoors，she reading and I watching a line of 5 ．I was never a naughty(顽皮的) kid， 6 I was known for keeping quiet even when things were not going my way.So I don't 7 why I did this but I disrupted(打乱) the line of ants and I liked it when they looked so 8 ．.. I even went ahead and stepped on a couple of them！My mom saw this and she wasn't 9 with me but she said 10 I still live by today.She said，“You should never be mean to anybody however 11 they are.Everybody is different and we shouldn't treat them 12 ．”
I got upset when I heard this because I thought I had 13 my mom.Also my little heart started 14 the family of ants I had killed！It's been 25 years now and I've 15 so many things that have happened in my life but I still do my best to be 16 to everybody.
We should teach our younger generation to never be mean to anybody.It makes a 17 when people praise other people for their efforts and when 18 being envious，we're proud of people achieving their goals however little they may be.When you're kind to other people，it's a 19 that goes on.It's the kind of chain reaction that uplifts(使振奋) the whole world one 20 at a time.I believe in the magic of kindness!
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。母亲在作者儿时的教导影响了作者的一生。教育孩子与人为善意义重大。
1．A．sent B．left
C．promised D．taught
【答案】 D
2．A．accident B．news
C．incident D．interview
【答案】 C
3．A．question B．treat
C．pay D．study
B [根据下文内容可知，母亲有意或无意地“教(teach)”了作者很多东西。作者要分享的这个“事件(incident)”决定了作者“对待(treat)”别人的方式。]
4．A．staying B．chatting
C．sleeping D．wandering
A [根据she reading and watching可知，作者和母亲“待(stay)”在户外。]
5．A．ants B．soldiers
C．kids D．cars
A [根据下文的the line of ants可知，作者正在观察一队“蚂蚁(ant)”。]
6．A．in case B．in fact
C．above all D．at first
B [“当事情不如愿时也能保持安静”是对“我从来不是个顽皮的孩子”的进一步说明，故选in fact(事实上)。]
7．A．explain B．wonder
C．remember D．guess
【答案】 C
8．A．troubled B．excited
C．ugly D．clever
A [根据上句可知，作者不“记得(remember)”自己为什么要打乱蚂蚁的队伍，并喜欢它们“混乱的(troubled)”样子。]
9．A．patient B．angry
C．honest D．familiar
【答案】 B
10．A．anything B．everything
C．nothing D．something
D [根据but以及下文母亲说的话可知，母亲并没有“生气(angry)”，她只是说了一些我时至今日还在践行的东西，故选something。]
11．A．rare B．wrong
C．little D．heavy
【答案】 C
12．A．seriously B．unfairly
C．directly D．hopelessly
B [蚂蚁是幼小和微不足道的，此处是母亲由蚂蚁推及人，告诉作者无论他人多么“弱小(little)”也不能对其刻薄。每个人都是不同的，我们不应该“不公正地(unfairly)”对待别人。]
13．A．disappointed B．convinced
C．missed D．frightened
A [根据I got upset可知，作者觉得自己让母亲“失望了(disappointed)”。]
14．A．believing in B．searching for
C．laughing at D．thinking about
D [听了母亲的话，作者也开始“回想(think about)”被自己杀死的蚂蚁。]
15．A．accepted B．repeated
C．forgotten D．discovered
C [根据It's been 25 years now可知，许多发生在自己生命中的事作者已经“忘记了(forget)”。]
16．A．similar B．cool
C．suitable D．kind
D [不对别人刻薄即是对别人“友善(kind)”。]
17．A．decision B．difference
C．deal D．living
【答案】 B
18．A．instead of B．except for
C．along with D．because of
A [人们赞扬别人的努力，为别人实现目标骄傲。“而不是(instead of)”嫉妒他们很“重要(make a difference)”。]
19．A．debate B．process
C．match D．circle
【答案】 D
20．A．arm B．face
C．heart D．head
C [友善是一个“循环(circle)”，是一种连锁反应。它会振奋整个世界，以每次一颗“心(heart)”的节奏。此处用heart指代人。]
B篇
Before becoming an award-winning inventor，James Edward Maceo West's journey started simply with curiosity.Small devices(装置) at home were often 21 because West wanted to learn about their inner workings.With simple 22 ，he would take them apart.
Today，the 23 of the 87-year-old inventor remains as active as ever.But instead of 24 things，he is devoted to fixing them and 25 technology that makes human life better.
West got his 26 at Bell Laboratories.There he and Gerhard M．Sessler created and patented the foil-electret microphone(薄膜驻极体传声器) in 1962，which is now in 90 percent of devices that 27 microphones，including a majority of smartphones and telephones.When he and Sessler created the electret microphone，it was 28 that the partners would quit their jobs and 29 a business producing microphones，but West wasn't 30 ．“I wanted to keep doing what I was doing.I've never done anything for money.”
West went on in 2001 to 31 a professor at Hopkins，where he leads research and assists students and other scientists in major 32 ，including an instrument that will help detect a diseased lung within 10 seconds.The device will be especially 33 in poor countries，where finding a doctor can be difficult and 34 diseases are more common.
Moreover, 35 people have long been a focus for West，who serves for the Ingenuity Project，a nonprofit that 36 courses and real-world research opportunities in labs for local middle and high school students.He also 37 with Camp Invention，a summer program for children in kindergarten through sixth grade.
At 87，West is 38 looking to show himself up.The electret microphone，which is 39 by millions of people daily，“raises a challenge” for the inventor.
“ 40 ，I want to put it out of business.”
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一位一生热爱发明、关注青少年成长的发明家的故事。
21．A．for sale B．in place
C．on display D．in danger
【答案】 D
22．A．rules B．tools
C．words D．causes
B [由he would take them apart可知，家里的小装置经常“处于危险中(in danger)”。为了了解它们的内部运转情况，他会用简单的“工具(tools)”把它们拆开。]
23．A．curiosity B．lifestyle
C．imagination D．participation
A [由文章首句及today, as active as ever可知，这位87岁的发明家的“好奇心(curiosity)”仍然和以前一样活跃。]
24．A．making B．saying
C．breaking D．thinking
C [由上段内容及本句中的fixing可知，他不再“损坏(break)”东西，而是致力于修理它们。]
25．A．inventing B．enjoying
C．analyzing D．teaching
A [由inventor可知，他致力于“发明(invent)”让人们生活得更好的技术。]
26．A．role B．start
C．money D．degree
B [由下文内容可知，West的发明是从贝尔实验室开始的，故选start。]
27．A．limit B．benefit
C．beat D．have
D [由including a majority of smartphones and telephones可知，这个装置现在被用在90%的“有(have)”传声器的设备中。]
28．A．promised B．proved
C．assumed D．admitted
【答案】 C
29．A．create B．change
C．discuss D．leave
【答案】 A
30．A．talented B．interested
C．annoyed D．worried
B [由created the electret microphone及引号中的内容可知，人们“认为(assumed)”这对搭档会辞去他们的工作并“创建(create)”一家生产传声器的公司，但是West对此没“兴趣(interest)”。]
31．A．criticise B．contact
C．become D．persuade
C [由leads research and assists students可知，West在2001年“成为(become)”约翰·霍普金斯大学的一名教授。]
32．A．media B．projects
C．problems D．decisions
B [由including an instrument that will help detect a diseased lung可知，West协助学生和其他科学家做主要的“科研项目(project)”。]
33．A．helpful B．expensive
C．complex D．safe
A [由finding a doctor can be difficult可知，这种设备对贫穷的国家尤其“有用(helpful)”。]
34．A．blood B．heart
C．skin D．lung
D [由上文的detect a diseased lung可知，此处指“肺(lung)”病在贫穷的国家更普遍。]
35．A．successful B．sick
C．young D．old
C [由下文中的middle and high school students和children in kindergarten through sixth grade可知，West一直以来都很关注“年纪小的(young)”人们。]
36．A．requires B．describes
C．advertises D．offers
D [由Project, a nonprofit可知，这个非营利性机构给当地中学生“提供(offer)”课程和研究机会。]
37．A．argues B．assists
C．begins D．agrees
B [由have long been a focus可知，他也“协助(assist)”“发明夏令营”。]
38．A．still B．seldom
C．ever D．just
A [由raises a challenge可知，87岁的West“仍然(still)”期待展示自己。]
39．A．measured B．followed
C．produced D．used
D [由上文中的which is now in 90 percent of devices that...microphones可知，驻极体传声器每天都会被无数人“使用(use)”。]
40．A．Strangely B．Coincidentally
C．Honestly D．Frequently
C [由上文中的I've never done anything for money可知，此处West的话意为“说实在的(Honestly)，我不想用它来获利。”]
C篇
Before becoming a parent，I was judgmental of stay-at-home mothers who made claims of not being able to shower，plan dinner or keep their house clean.Then I 41 a mother，and I began to understand.
After having my first child，I was the mother who 42 to shower and did not have time to clean my house.I have since added two more 43 ．To accomplish desired tasks in our home was very 44 with our busy schedules.Many days I would 45 after my kids went to bed and would try to 46 what I had completed.The dishwasher was unloaded，but dishes 47 remained in the sink.The kid's rooms may have been 48 ，but toys were all over the house.I became increasingly frustrated(受挫的) at feeling 49 ．
In one of my least productive moments，I 50 a speech where a man encouraged everyone to start their day by 51 one simple task：making the bed.His 52 was that if you accomplish making your bed，although 53 ，the feeling of productivity can snowball into more productivity.
I decided to 54 his method，even though my days were full of other tasks that were more important than a 55 bed.He was perfectly 56 ，as making the bed was a way to get into a positive mindset(心态)．
Recently，my two-year-old child got me into a 57 ．Lunch time rolled around and the feeling of being unproductive began to 58 ．Even though it was the middle of the 59 ，I decided to make our beds.Soon，my mindset changed and my 60 improved.
So，complete one small task and allow the feeling of productivity to snowball into more and more completed tasks.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者从自己的亲身经历感悟到：无论每天多么忙碌，都可以从做一件小事开始调整好自己的心态。
41．A．met B．helped
C．became D．missed
C [根据文章首句和下文的After having my first child可知，作者“成为(become)”一名母亲后，才理解了那些专职妈妈的不容易。]
42．A．struggled B．chose
C．happened D．liked
A [根据not being able to shower可知，有了第一个孩子后，作者也遇到了与别的母亲同样的问题——洗澡得“奋斗(struggle)”，没时间收拾家。]
43．A．hours B．houses
C．designs D．children
D [根据my first child, busy schedules以及my kids可知，作者后来又生了两个“孩子(child)”。]
44．A．difficult B．necessary
C．boring D．important
A [根据our busy schedules可知，要把家里的活都干完比较“困难(difficult)”。]
45．A．look up B．look around
C．look inside D．look out
【答案】 B
46．A．learn from B．depend on
C．show off D．figure out
D [孩子们睡觉后，作者会“环顾四周(look around)”，试着“弄清楚(figure out)”自己干完了哪些事情。]
47．A．still B．only
C．ever D．seldom
【答案】 A
48．A．large B．empty
C．clean D．warm
C [根据前一句可知，but前的内容是完成的工作，but后的内容是未完成的工作。洗碗机已经空了，但餐具“还(still)”留在水槽里。孩子的房间比较“干净(clean)”，但是玩具扔得到处都是。]
49．A．impatient B．unproductive
C．impractical D．unattractive
B [根据frustrated和下文的my least productive moments可知，作者因为自己“没成效(unproductive)”感到沮丧。]
50．A．forgot B．imagined
C．made D．found
D [根据语境可知，作者“发现(find)”一篇演说。]
51．A．comparing B．saving
C．completing D．sharing
C [根据accomplish making your bed可知，演讲者鼓励大家从“完成(accomplish)”一件小事开始新的一天。]
52．A．reason B．excuse
C．doubt D．concern
A [本空后的内容是那位演讲者给出的“理由(reason)”。]
53．A．useless B．small
C．dull D．tough
B [整理床铺是件“小(small)”事。]
54．A．explain B．stress
C．improve D．try
D [根据even though my days were full of other tasks可知，作者决定“尝试(try)”演讲者所提出的办法。]
55．A．big B．soft
C．tidy D．comfortable
C [既然是整理床铺，床自然就“整洁(tidy)”了。]
56．A．polite B．brave
C．correct D．generous
C [根据下文的a way to get into a positive mindset可知，作者通过尝试，认为演讲者的说法是“正确的(correct)”。]
57．A．success B．mess
C．career D．match
【答案】 B
58．A．end B．change
C．pass D．appear
D [根据语境可知，我两岁的孩子让我陷入了“混乱(mess)”。一事无成的感觉又开始“出现(appear)”。]
59．A．speech B．day
C．film D．week
B [根据Lunch time rolled around可知，尽管时间已到“一天(day)”的中间，作者还是决定去整理床铺。]
60．A．attitude B．health
C．study D．memory
A [根据Soon, my mindset changed可知，作者整理完床铺后，一事无成感没有了，“心态(attitude)”变好了。]
专题限时集训(十六) 完形填空之记叙文(Ⅰ)
A (2019·武昌区调研考试)
Very few of us become fluent in another language by studying it in high school.I made an effort to keep up the little bit of French that I learned in school，but eventually realized that this was 1 ．I was well aware that new languages are best learned when 2 ，and that our abilities in that regard decline with age. 3 ，just before my 50th birthday，I 4 for French classes.
After I was 5 to see which group I belonged in，I was 6 at almost the introductory level.I found that it really was true that certain linguistic(语言的) abilities 7 with age.While I'd always thought of myself as a(n) 8 learner，that was no longer the case.I absorbed new vocabulary very 9 ．What I learned one week ago seemed to 10 as soon as I learned the next skill.
Now，a couple of years later，I can listen to the news in French and 11 90 percent of it on the first try and read a novel if it's not too difficult.
Who knows what I might still 12 ？
I've learned so much 13 grammar and vocabulary.I've met people from around the world and all walks of life who have the 14 to make fools of themselves in order to 15 something new.I've been taught by patient and inspirational teachers from many 16 of the world，including France，Eastern Europe，the Caribbean and Africa.
Listening to the news as it is 17 to the people of France，I have a renewed 18 of how something can look completely different from another 19 ．I've learned that a language is not just a set of words，but a way of 20 ．But most of all，I've learned that it really is never too late to learn something new.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文通过作者学习法语的经历告诉我们要活到老，学到老。
1．A．unbelievable B．pointless
C．unbearable D．valueless
B [根据空格所在句的内容可知，“我”想努力保留在学校学的那一点法语，但最终意识到是无意义的(pointless)。]
2．A．energetic B．curious
C．young D．old
C [根据后半句中的our abilities in that regard decline with age并结合常识可知，年轻的(young)时候学习新语言的效果是最好的，故选C。]
3．A．However B．Therefore
C．Besides D．Meanwhile
A [根据语境可知，在50岁生日之前，“我”注册(register)了法语课，并结合上文提到的“年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的”可知，此处表示转折关系，故选A。]
4．A．sought B．registered
C．fought D．prepared
B [参见上题解析。]
5．A．interviewed B．challenged
C．asked D．tested
D [根据空后的to see which group I belonged in并结合语境可知，经过测试(test)来看“我”属于哪一个团体之后，“我”被归(place)为几乎是初级水平，故选D。]
6．A．restricted B．withdrawn
C．appointed D．placed
D [参见上题解析。]
7．A．fade B．remain
C．disappear D．improve
A [根据第一段中的our abilities in that regard decline with age并结合常识可推知，某些语言的能力会随着年龄的增加而逐渐消失(fade＝gradually disappear)。]
8．A．autonomous B．average
C．quick D．dull
C [根据语境可推知，作者一直认为自己是一个敏锐的(quick)学习者，但却不再是这样了，故选C。]
9．A．easily B．slowly
C．steadily D．rapidly
B [结合语境及上题解析可推知，作者掌握新词汇的速度很慢，故选B。]
10．A．crowd in B．make sense
C．slip away D．build up
C [根据语境可知，“我”一学习下一个技能，一个星期前学的就消失(slip away)了，故选C。]
11．A．catch B．recite
C．share D．repeat
A [根据语境可推知，“我”第一遍听法语新闻时能够理解(catch)90%的内容。]
12．A．complete B．overlook
C．perform D．accomplish
D [根据语境可知，谁知道“我”仍可能实现(accomplish)什么呢？故选D。]
13．A．except B．beyond
C．through D．including
B [根据下文的内容可知，作者认为自己学到的不仅仅是法语的语法和词汇，故选B。beyond意为“除……之外”。]
14．A．confidence B．ability
C．patience D．courage
D [根据空后的make fools of themselves in order to something new可知，此处表示作者遇到了来自世界各行各业的人，他们有勇气(courage)使自己(看起来)愚蠢以学(learn) 一些新的东西，故选D。]
15．A．learn B．experience
C．explore D．possess
A [参见上题解析。]
16．A．organizations B．corners
C．classes D．races
B [根据下文的including France, Eastern Europe, the Caribbean and Africa可知，这些老师来自世界的许多地方(corner)。]
17．A．updated B．spread
C．presented D．conveyed
C [根据语境可知，听着播放给法国人的新闻，“我”有了一个全新的理解，故选C。present“上演，播出”。]
18．A．understanding B．attitude
C．knowledge D．judgment
A [根据语境可知，“我”对一些东西是如何从不同角度(angle)看起来完全不同有了全新的理解(understanding)，故选A。]
19．A．manner B．aspect
C．angle D．direction
C [参见上题解析。]
20．A．studying B．working
C．living D．thinking
D [根据语境并结合常识可知，一门语言不仅仅是一组单词，也是一种思维(thinking)方式。]
B (2019·江西省五校协作体模拟)
One day a man was asked to paint a boat by the owner of the boat.He brought with him paint and 21 and began to paint the boat bright red，as the owner asked him.While painting，he 22 there was a hole in the boat and decided to 23 it.When he finished painting，he received his 24 and left.
The next day，the owner of the boat came to the painter and 25 him with a nice check，much 26 than the payment for painting，the painter was 27 ．“You've already paid me for painting the boat！”he said.
“But this is not for the paint 28 ．It's for having repaired the hole in the boat.”
“But it was such a(n) 29 service.Certainly it's not worth 30 me such a high amount for something so unimportant！”
“My dear friend，you do not 31 ．Now let me tell you what 32 ．When I asked you to paint the boat，I 33 to mention about the hole.When the boat dried，my kids took the boat and 34 a fishing trip.They did not know that there was a 35 in the boat.I was not at home at that time.When I returned and noticed they had taken the boat，I was 36 because I remembered that the boat had a hole.Imagine my 37 and joy when I saw them returning from fishing.
“Then，I 38 the boat and found that you had repaired the hole！You see，now，what you did？You 39 my children！I do not have enough money to pay your ‘small’ good deed.”
So，no matter who，when or how，just 40 repair all the “leaks” you find.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。一位油漆工在油漆船时顺便将船上的一个洞补了起来，为此收到了船主的一大笔酬金，因为他的小小的善举挽救了船主孩子们的生命。
21．A．chains B．brushes
C．beliefs D．pens
B [根据空格所在的句子可知，他带了油漆和刷子(brush)，开始按照船主的要求把船漆成鲜红色。]
22．A．consulted B．reminded
C．found D．confirmed
C [根据该句中的there was a hole in the boat可知，当他在油漆时，发现(find)船上有一个洞。]
23．A．repair B．wipe
C．hide D．measure
A [根据该句中的there was a hole in the boat以及下文的内容可推知，他发现船上有一个洞并决定修补(repair)这个洞。]
24．A．benefit B．baggage
C．key D．money
D [根据该句中的When he finished painting并结合常识可知，当他结束了油漆工作之后，收到了钱(money)便离开了。]
25．A．admired B．treated
C．presented D．comforted
C [根据上文可知，在油漆时，他发现船上有一个洞，便将洞修补好了；结合该句中的with a nice check以及下文的内容可推知，为了感谢这位油漆工，船主过来给他赠送(present)了一张支票。]
26．A．higher B．less
C．quicker D．wealthier
A [根据该句的内容可知，船主送来的支票远高于(higher)他刷油漆应得的报酬。]
27．A．amused B．excited
C．moved D．surprised
D [根据上文可知，船主过来给他赠送了一张支票，远高于他油漆应得的报酬；结合常识可推知，这让油漆工感到很惊讶(surprise)。]
28．A．award B．kindness
C．job D．skill
C [根据下文It's for having repaired the hole in the boat，并结合该句中的But this is not for the paint可知，这张支票不是针对油漆工作(job)的。]
29．A．cheap B．small
C．valuable D．additional
B [根据下文中的something so unimportant可知，油漆工认为这只是小的(small)事情。]
30．A．lending B．selling
C．borrowing D．paying
D [根据上文可知，这位油漆工收到了船主的一张支票；结合该句可知，他认为给他支付(pay)这么多钱是不值当的。]
31．A．scream B．bow
C．forgive D．understand
D [根据下文可知，船主向他解释送支票给他的原因；结合该句可推知，船主认为他不理解(understand)自己此举的原因。]
32．A．happened B．existed
C．crashed D．circulated
A [根据该句可知，船主说，让我告诉你发生(happen)了什么吧。]
33．A．decided B．hated
C．forgot D．remembered
C [根据上文可知，油漆工油漆船时，他无意间发现了船上的洞；结合该句可知，船主让他漆船时，忘记(forget)提醒他这个洞了。]
34．A．went through B．went on
C．dreamed about D．turned to
B [根据该句并结合常识可知，空处与took the boat为顺承关系，表示船上的油漆干了之后，孩子们乘船进行了捕鱼之旅(went on a fishing trip)。]
35．A．hole B．sign
C．rule D．danger
A [根据该段第三句中的the hole，结合该句可知，他们并不知道船上有一个洞(hole)。]
36．A．angry B．desperate
C．embarrassed D．clumsy
B [根据上文内容以及该句中的because I remembered that the boat had a hole可知，当孩子们出发捕鱼后，船主才想起船上有一个洞。据此可推知，此处表示船主非常绝望(desperate)。]
37．A．sorrow B．situation
C．patience D．relief
D [根据该句中的and joy when I saw them returning from fishing，结合常识可知，当船主看到孩子们回来时，他非常欣慰(relief)、高兴。]
38．A．pulled B．spotted
C．examined D．destroyed
C [根据该句可知，随后船主检查(examine)了船，发现油漆工已经将洞修补好了。]
39．A．saved B．taught
C．instructed D．treasured
A [根据上文可知，油漆工将船上的洞修补好，避免了船主的孩子们出海捕鱼时发生意外；结合该句可知，油漆工的行为救了(save)孩子们的命。]
40．A．possibly B．carefully
C．actually D．finally
B [根据上文可知，油漆工在油漆船时发现了船上的洞，并将洞修补好，挽救了孩子们的生命；结合该句可知，无论是谁，无论何时，无论如何，只要看到“漏洞”，就应该仔细地(carefully)将它们修补好。]
C (2019·长沙四校模拟)
“Love is caring，”Grandma told me as I sat at her bedside.She was in bed and receiving hospice care(临终关怀护理)．
As immigrants，Grandma's families were 41 ．First，they started a sausage-making business.Then，they ran a grocery store.As the Depression(经济大萧条) raised its 42 head in 1929，many families couldn't 43 groceries.Her father insisted on helping by extending credit to them.But，his selfless help led to financial disaster 44 large numbers of the credit extensions went 45 ．
Disaster didn't stop there.After her parents' deaths two years later，Grandma 46 the debts，lost the business and 47 her brothers，looking after and protecting them.She fell sick from sadness，feeling hopeless and helpless. 48 ，she finally pulled herself together.She 49 creditors to give her time to repay them.She found a job in a candy shop. 50 ，all of her family's debts were repaid.Her 51 kept the family from bankruptcy(破产)．
Through her many 52 ，Grandma found the strength to give and be 53 for the smallest things.She never made complaints about the families that 54 to repay her even after their hardships ended.
I remembered the 55 she had told us many times.Her sister Olivia was 56 hard times.She only had two dollars in cash to get herself through the week then.But after struggling，she 57 slipped her very last two dollars into an envelope 58 to Olivia.
“Be appreciative of everything，Lauren.And love others.Love is caring，”Grandma 59 ．
Looking at the courage of a woman facing 60 made me realize I had so much to learn.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在祖母临终前探视她时，对她坚强、富有爱心的一生作了追忆，并告诉我们“爱就是关怀”这一人生真理。
41．A．united B．adventurous
C．reliable D．cautious
B [根据其后两句可知，作者的祖母一家作为移民，他们先后开办了香肠制作店和食品杂货店，这说明他们很有冒险精神(adventurous)。]
42．A．rigid B．big
C．ugly D．heavy
C [根据空格所在句可知，此处应用ugly来形容经济大萧条，暗含了人们对大萧条的痛恨之情。]
43．A．manage B．demand
C．afford D．supply
C [由于经济大萧条，人们买不起(afford)食品杂货。]
44．A．although B．unless
C．before D．when
D [根据空格前一句及本句中空格前的部分可知，在经济大萧条的形势下，作者祖母的父亲坚持为人们提供信贷服务。但是当人们不能偿还信贷时，他无私的关爱给他的家庭带来经济灾难。when“当……的时候”，符合语境。]
45．A．unpaid B．unconfirmed
C．unknown D．unnoticed
A [参见上题解析。下文中的repay them亦是提示。unpaid“未偿还的”，符合语境。]
46．A．took over B．turned over
C．picked up D．made up
A [根据上文中的After her parents' deaths two years later和下文中的She found a job...repaid it.可知，祖母的父母去世后，她承担(take over)了那些债务。]
47．A．bothered B．mothered
C．comforted D．instructed
B [父母都去世了，她承担起照顾弟弟们的重任。mother在此是动词，意为“像母亲般地照顾”，符合语境。]
48．A．Therefore B．Meanwhile
C．Otherwise D．However
D [根据空格前面的句子和所在的句子可知，但是她最终振作起来了。前后句之间存在语义上的转折关系，故however符合语境。]
49．A．commanded B．reminded
C．persuaded D．expected
C [她说服(persuade)了债主们延长还债期限。]
50．A．In turn B．In time
C．In secret D．In surprise
B [过了一段时间之后，她家的债务终于(In time)还清了。]
51．A．intelligence B．fortune
C．confidence D．determination
D [根据上文她说服债主延长还债期限，找到工作并还清债务的内容可知，祖母有很大的决心(determination)。]
52．A．losses B．roles
C．attempts D．errors
A [经历了许多的挫折，祖母发现了给予的力量。loss“损失，失利”，此处可理解为“挫折，逆境”。]
53．A．ready B．thankful
C．respectful D．responsible
B [祖母经历了许多挫折，却没有对生活心生怨恨，反而感激生活赋予的一切。下文中的Be appreciative of everything亦是提示，thankful“感激的”，符合语境。]
54．A．refused B．promised
C．pretended D．intended
A [即使是对那些已度过困难时期却拒绝(refuse)偿还信贷的家庭，作者的祖母亦不曾有过抱怨。]
55．A．business B．challenge
C．activity D．story
D [根据语境可知，此处指祖母多次讲述的一件往事(story)。]
56．A．going around B．going with
C．going through D．going over
C [祖母的妹妹正经历(go through)困难时期。]
57．A．calmly B．hesitantly
C．thoughtfully D．gently
A [根据下文中的into an envelope to Olivia可知，尽管祖母只剩下两美元来度过那一周：但她还是把这仅有的两美元装到信封里寄给了妹妹。此处用calmly表明祖母内心的平静，更能说明她的爱心之伟大。]
58．A．presented B．conveyed
C．written D．addressed
D [参见上题解析。address“写(收信人)姓名地址”，符合语境。]
59．A．continued B．repeated
C．responded D．explained
B [作者的祖母重复道：Lauren，要对一切事物心存感激。要关爱他人。爱就是关怀。repeat重复，符合语境。]
60．A．unfairness B．uncertainty
C．death D．danger
C [祖母一生经历了那么多艰难困苦，却都一一克服，所以看到她面对死亡的勇气让作者意识到自己还有很多要学习的地方。此处用death呼应文章开头的hospice care(临终关怀护理)。]
专题限时集训(十七) 完形填空之记叙文(Ⅱ)
A (2019·安徽省五校联盟质检)
The 1 of roses always brings to mind Wanda's childhood memories.Then the family had no 2 to buy extra things，so even a rose was something to 3 ．
Currently，to have a backyard full of different roses is pure 4 ．And her husband，Dale，devotedly 5 the roses. 6 that she loves the very first blooms，he picked some on this particular morning.
But as Dale returned，he came across a neighbor who had 7 for a quick visit.As the woman turned to go，Dale generously gave the 8 to her.And even though their visitor 9 she didn't want to take them，she was 10 assured(使确信) that the flowers were hers to keep.
Seeing her precious first blooms go out the door 11 Wanda with regret，and a bit of 12 ．She knew it was better to give than to receive. 13 ，she wished she could have kept the roses for herself.
Later that day，the couple headed to the post office，where Wanda waited outside in the car.Then，without 14 ，an older woman suddenly appeared at the open window，and gave her a bunch of fresh roses!
“These are for you.They're my first blooms this spring.”
Completely 15 ，Wanda thanked the woman and 16 for a moment to breathe in the rich fragrance.When she looked back，the mysterious visitor was gone.
That special 17 changed Wanda.It made her understand the true meaning of 18 and unexpected gifts.Now，she always 19 her first blooms to others，as a(n) 20 that someone is thinking of them.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Wanda的丈夫将Wanda钟爱的新开的玫瑰送给邻居之后，Wanda意外地收到了一位老妇人的一束新开的玫瑰。她理解了给予和意想不到的礼物的真正意义。
1．A．sight B．scenery
C．scene D．show
A [根据该句中的brings to mind Wanda's childhood memories并结合上文可知，看到玫瑰花，Wanda总会想起童年的时光。A项意为“看见”，故A项正确。]
2．A．energy B．money
C．courage D．desire
B [根据语境可知，那时家里没有钱(money)去购买额外的东西，所以即使是一朵玫瑰，也是值得珍视(value)的。]
3．A．desert B．raise
C．value D．water
C [参见上题解析。]
4．A．business B．memory
C．imagination D．enjoyment
D [根据语境并结合常识可知，现在拥有一个长满了不同种类的玫瑰的后院，那是纯粹的乐趣(enjoyment)。]
5．A．lays B．tends
C．studies D．serves
B [根据下文可知，她的丈夫在这个特别的早晨为她摘了几朵初开的玫瑰花；结合该句中的devotedly可知，她的丈夫专注于照看(tend)玫瑰。]
6．A．Anxious B．Ashamed
C．Afraid D．Aware
D [根据语境可知，意识到(aware)她非常喜欢初开的玫瑰，她的丈夫在这个特别的早晨为她摘了一些。]
7．A．stopped by B．settled down
C．turned out D．broken in
A [根据该句中的for a quick visit可知，Dale回来时，碰到了一位顺路造访(stop by)的邻居。]
8．A．greetings B．wishes
C．roses D．bushes
C [根据上文可知，Dale早上摘了初开的玫瑰，故此处表示他大方地将玫瑰(rose)送给了他的邻居。]
9．A．recommended B．complained
C．cried D．insisted
D [根据该句中的she didn't want to take them可知，他的邻居坚持说(insist)她不想要这些玫瑰。]
10．A．hardly B．repeatedly
C．secretly D．temporarily
B [根据语境可知，尽管这位邻居坚持说她不想要这些玫瑰，但是他再三重复(repeat)使她确信这些玫瑰花她可以收下。]
11．A．covered B．filled
C．charged D．supplied
B [根据语境可知，看到自己的玫瑰被带走，Wanda的内心满是(fill)遗憾，并觉得有点自私(selfishness)。]
12．A．tension B．pride
C．gladness D．selfishness
D [参见上题解析。]
13．A．Still B．Thus
C．Instead D．Otherwise
A [根据语境可知，她知道给予比接受更好，但她仍然(still)希望她能自己保留那些玫瑰。]
14．A．delay B．warning
C．effort D．thinking
B [根据该句中的suddenly可知，在毫无预兆(without warning)的情况下，一位老妇人突然出现在窗口，给了她一束新鲜的玫瑰花。]
15．A．shocked B．confused
C．amazed D．relaxed
C [根据上文可知，一位老妇人突然出现并给了她一束玫瑰花。结合常识可知，这让她感到很惊讶(amazed)。]
16．A．waited B．nodded
C．shook D．bent
D [根据语境及常识可知，她低下头(bend)去嗅玫瑰花的芬芳。]
17．A．delivery B．discovery
C．apology D．smell
A [根据上文可知，一位老妇人给了Wanda 一束玫瑰花，故此处表示这次递送(delivery)改变了Wanda。]
18．A．giving B．receiving
C．affection D．communication
A [根据第四段中的it was better to give than to receive并结合该句可知，这让她理解了给予(giving)和出乎意料的礼物的真正意义。]
19．A．takes away B．puts away
C．gives away D．throws away
C [根据该句中的her first blooms to others可知，如今，她总是给他人赠送(give away)她家初开的玫瑰。]
20．A．routine B．duty
C．reminder D．example
C [根据该句中的someone is thinking of them可知，她用给别人赠送玫瑰花的行为提醒(reminder)人们，有人正在想着他们。]
B (2019·长沙市统一模拟)
Steve was a seventh grader，a big boy，looking more like a teenager than a 12-year-old.Yet，he went unnoticed—he had been 21 every examination since first grade—until Miss Wilma appeared.
In the middle of the first semester of school，the entire seventh grade was 22 for basic skills.
“You all did pretty well，”Miss Wilma told the class after going over the 23 ，“except for one boy.And it 24 my heart to tell you this，but...”she 25 ，“the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.”Steve 26 his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
After that，Steve still wouldn't do his homework.Even if Miss Wilma 27 punished him，he remained 28 ．
“Steve，please！I care about you！”
29 ，Steve got it！“Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”
One Monday a couple of weeks later，Miss Wilma gave a 30 on the weekend homework.Steve 31 through the test and was the first to hand in his paper.With a look of 32 ，Miss Wilma took his paper and began to look it over.
Miss Wilma's face was in a 33 shock！She glanced up at Steve，then 34 ，then up.The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!
From that moment，nothing was the same for Steve.He discovered that not only could he remember and understand 35 ，but he could translate what he learned into his life.He became 36 ．
After high school，Steve enlisted in the Navy，and he had a(n) 37 military career.During his naval years，he inspired many young people who might not have 38 themselves without him.
A 39 took place within the heart of a boy all because of one teacher，who 40 ．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Steve曾经每次考试都不及格，但是Miss Wilma看到成绩的时候，却说他是班里最聪明的学生，而且告诉他老师非常关心他。Steve感受到老师对自己的良苦用心，从此刻苦学习，改变了自己的命运。老师对他的影响促使他用同样的方法去影响并且帮助更多的人。
21．A．missing B．failing
C．passing D．skipping
B [根据下文可知，Steve学习成绩很差；故可推知，他自一年级以来成绩就不及格，故选B。下文中的failing也是提示。]
22．A．tested B．classified
C．separated D．dismissed
A [根据语境及下文内容可知，此处是说第一学期期中七年级全部学生进行基本技能测试。test“测试”符合语境。]
23．A．questions B．effects
C．lessons D．results
D [根据上文可知，七年级全部学生进行了基本技能测试，故此处应是指查看测试成绩(result)。]
24．A．fills B．presses
C．breaks D．destroys
C [根据语境可知，此处表示告诉Steve他考试没及格使Miss Wilma心碎。break“(心)碎”。]
25．A．shouted B．hesitated
C．interrupted D．laughed
B [根据语境可知，Miss Wilma的语意有所转折，故此处表示她犹豫(hesitate)了一下继续说道。]
26．A．dropped B．raised
C．covered D．closed
A [根据语境可知，Steve此次测试未及格，所以当Miss Wilma提到Steve的时候，Steve双目低垂，认真检查自己的指尖。drop one's eyes“垂下眼睛”。]
27．A．strangely B．steadily
C．severely D．secretly
C [根据上文After that, Steve still wouldn't do his homework并结合语境可推知，即使Miss Wilma严厉地(severely)惩罚了Steve，但他仍然很固执(stubborn)。]
28．A．helpless B．stubborn
C．flexible D．crazy
B [参见上题解析。]
29．A．Commonly B．Unwillingly
C．Particularly D．Suddenly
D [根据语境可知，Steve突然(suddenly)顿悟，有人关心着自己。]
30．A．quiz B．chance
C．speech D．presentation
A [根据下一句可知，此处表示Miss Wilma组织了一场小测试(quiz)。]
31．A．slept B．looked
C．lived D．hurried
D [根据该句中的was the first to hand in his paper可推知，Steve很快就完成了测试。hurry“急忙(做某事)”符合语境。]
32．A．disappointment B．surprise
C．satisfaction D．inspiration
B [根据下文中的Miss Wilma's face was in a shock可知，Miss Wilma对Steve的表现非常惊讶(surprise)。]
33．A．bitter B．total
C．precious D．ridiculous
B [根据语境可知，Miss Wilma深感震惊。a total shock“深感震惊”为固定搭配。]
34．A．down B．away
C．out D．back
A [根据该句可知，Miss Wilma深感震惊，上下打量Steve。]
35．A．homework B．grades
C．knowledge D．subjects
C [根据语境以及空后的but he could translate what he learned into his life可知，Steve不但记住并理解了知识，而且，可以把所学知识(knowledge)应用到生活中。]
36．A．outstanding B．lazy
C．rough D．troublesome
A [根据上文内容可知，Steve不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识应用到生活中。由此可推知，他变得很优秀(outstanding)。]
37．A．tiring B．ordinary
C．hardworking D．successful
D [根据上文并结合语境可推知，毕业后，Steve参加了海军，并且度过了成功的(successful)军旅生涯。]
38．A．relied on B．looked after
C．turned to D．believed in
D [根据语境可知，Steve在海军服役期间鼓舞了许多年轻人，如果不是他，这些年轻人可能不会相信(believe in)自己。]
39．A．competition B．choice
C．change D．campaign
C [根据上文可知，Steve在Miss Wilma的关心下，发生了改变(change)。]
40．A．waited B．listened
C．wished D．cared
D [参见上题解析。与上文中的I care about you呼应。]
C (2019·济南市模拟)
It was 1972，and I was in second grade.In the classroom the teacher，Ms.Boyette was 41 aloud to us from Island of the Blue Dolphins.And we had just come to a part of the book where the main 42 was training a wild dog.I was listening，fascinated by the 43 of all.
Not far away from me，there seated a boy who always frightened or 44 others，so I was 45 of this boy.While Ms.Boyette was reading，I looked over at him，for he was someone I was in the 46 of keeping an eye on.I 47 that he was listening too，that he was engaged by the 48 ，that he was leaning forward in his seat and listening with all his heart，I 49 at him，open-mouthed.I was 50 that this boy was in fact just 51 me.He was a kid who liked a story.The boy must 52 my eyes on him，because he turned.Then something 53 happened.He smiled at me. 54 ，I smiled back，unafraid.We were two 55 smiling at each other.
Why have I never forgotten this 56 moment？Why do I still 57 every detail of it？I think it's because that moment illustrates so beautifully the 58 of reading out loud.It shows us into a safe room，where everyone involved，the reader and the listener，can have that chance to 59 each other.We humans long not just for the story，not just for the flow of language，but for the 60 that comes when words are read aloud.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过回忆儿时的故事阐明了阅读的力量所在。
41．A．shouting B．singing
C．talking D．reading
D [根据下文中的come to a part of the book和I was listening可推知，当时老师在给学生们朗读小说，与下文中的While Ms.Boyette was reading呼应。]
42．A．author B．character
C．reader D．listener
B [根据上文可知，老师在给学生们读小说的一个章节，并结合空后的was training a wild dog可知，此处表示小说中的主人公(main character)正在训练一只野狗。]
43．A．wonder B．silence
C．warmth D．comfort
A [根据空前的fascinated by the并结合语境可推知，作者被小说中的奇妙之处(wonder)迷住了。]
44．A．greeted B．touched
C．hurt D．refused
C [根据该句中的frightened or others并结合选项可推知，那个男孩总是吓唬或伤害(hurt)他人。]
45．A．aware B．terrified
C．bored D．guilty
B [根据下文中的I smiled back, unafraid，并结合语境可推知，作者害怕这个男孩。]
46．A．habit B．form
C．effort D．hope
A [根据下文中的The boy must my eyes on him, because he turned并结合语境可推知，当老师读小说时，作者习惯盯着那个男孩。]
47．A．predicted B．imagined
C．promised D．noticed
D [根据上文中的keep an eye on可推知，作者当时一直盯着那个男孩，注意到(notice)了一些细节，与下文的具体描述呼应。]
48．A．speech B．story
C．journey D．diary
B [根据下文中的He was a kid who liked a story可知，男孩被老师朗读的故事吸引了。]
49．A．pointed B．nodded
C．stared D．waved
C [根据上文中的keeping an eye on可推知，作者当时盯着那个男孩看。]
50．A．struck B．mixed
C．cheated D．confused
A [根据上文的open-mouthed并结合语境可推知，作者当时很吃惊，突然意识到了什么。strike“突然想到，猛地意识到”。]
51．A．behind B．beyond
C．around D．like
D [根据上文中的I was listening, fascinated by the of all可推知，作者喜欢听故事，根据下文中的He was a kid who liked a story可推知，这个男孩也喜欢听故事，作者意识到这个男孩和自己很像。]
52．A．ignore B．feel
C．meet D．observe
B [根据空后的because he turned可推知，男孩感觉到作者在关注着他，所以转过头来。]
53．A．useful B．natural
C．serious D．amazing
D [根据下文的He smiled at me，并结合上文介绍的这个男孩经常吓唬或伤害他人可推知，男孩对作者微笑是一件令人惊奇的事。]
54．A．Then B．Again
C．Instead D．Besides
A [根据语境可知，作者给对方以微笑回应，由此可知前后句表示逻辑上的顺承关系。then“然后”符合语境。]
55．A．strangers B．kids
C．teachers D．enemies
B [根据上文中的I was in second grade可知，作者和那个男孩当时都还是孩子。]
56．A．funny B．busy
C．lucky D．small
D [根据上文的描述可知，作者陈述的只是上课时的一个短暂的时刻而已。]
57．A．seek B．organize
C．recall D．trust
C [根据上文的描述和语境可推知，作者现在是在回忆(recall)儿时所发生的事情。]
58．A．power B．courage
C．amusement D．ability
A [根据语境可推知，此处表示那个时刻美妙地阐明了大声朗读的力量(power)所在。]
59．A．cheer B．see
C．miss D．mention
B [根据上文中的we were two smiling at each other可推知，大声朗读让朗读者和听众有机会看到彼此。]
60．A．challenge B．knowledge
C．choice D．connection
D [根据上文所表述的大声朗读让朗读者和听众有机会看到彼此可推知，大声朗读将朗读者和听众联系起来。]
专题限时集训(十八) 完形填空之夹叙夹议文(Ⅰ)
A (2019·昆明市诊断测试)
I received 3 missed calls from a number I didn't recognize today.I 1 it was something to do with an accident I had recently.I was ready to answer 2 when the number called a 4th time. 3 ，I was asked if I was Jessica and if I had 4 anything.I said I didn't think so and 5 who it was.
It was a man called Darren who 6 he was behind me in the shop this morning.As I was leaving，my purse 7 ．He picked it up and 8 to see where I had gone but he couldn't see me anymore.So he opened my purse and called the 9 inside it.
I have just been to 10 him to get my purse back，only to find out Darren is 11 and lives rough in the streets of Cardiff.He even apologized as he said he had taken out some 12 to call me to return my purse.But 13 a few pounds used to contact me，everything was all still 14 ．I admit that I wouldn't have blamed him if he'd spent more of the 15 ．
I felt 16 that someone returned it，and that the person who returned it was someone who had 17 ．It made me 18 not only was I lucky that my purse was found by someone 19 ，but that I was going to a warm home.
The 20 would be a much better place with more kind people like Darren in it.
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。通过作者的钱包失而复得的故事告诉我们：只要人人都能够善良对待他人，我们的世界将会变成更加美好的人间。
1．A．assumed B．promised
C．declared D．agreed
A [根据语境可知，作者有三个来自同一号码的未接来电，作者认为(assume)这和自己最近的一起事故有关。]
2．A．gently B．gratefully
C．humorously D．eagerly
D [根据上句可推知，作者渴望(eagerly)去接这通电话。]
3．A．Often B．Instead
C．Still D．Besides
B [根据上文可知，作者认为那通电话和自己的一起事故有关，但是接通电话后才知道并非如此。此处前后表示转折，故Instead“相反”符合语境。]
4．A．explored B．bought
C．lost D．checked
C [根据第二段和第三段的描述可推知，Darren捡到了作者的钱包，因此打电话问作者是否丢了(lose)什么东西。]
5．A．forgot B．remembered
C．suspected D．asked
D [根据语境可知，作者接电话时并不知道打电话的人是谁，因此作者问(ask)对方是谁。]
6．A．explained B．requested
C．repeated D．believed
A [根据语境可推知，Darren向作者解释(explain)了事情的经过。]
7．A．broke B．failed
C．dropped D．disappeared
C [根据语境可知，作者离开商店的时候钱包掉在(drop)地上了。]
8．A．walked away B．looked around
C．turned up D．got through
B [根据语境并结合常识可推知，Darren环顾(look around)四周寻找作者。]
9．A．card B．address
C．bill D．number
D [根据语境可知，Darren找不到作者，于是打开作者的钱包，拨打了里面的号码(number)。]
10．A．meet B．question
C．beg D．remind
A [根据语境可知，通过电话后，作者去见(meet) Darren以拿回自己的钱包。]
11．A．hopeful B．helpful
C．homeless D．speechless
C [根据本句中的lives rough in the streets of Cardiff可推知，Darren是一个无家可归的(homeless)人。]
12．A．pictures B．change
C．tickets D．jewelry
B [根据上文可推知，Darren很穷，他不得不从作者的钱包里拿出一些零钱(change)给作者打电话。]
13．A．in spite of B．in terms of
C．owing to D．apart from
D [根据语境及该句中的But可推知，Darren除了(apart from)从作者的钱包里拿出几英镑和作者联系，其余的东西都没动。]
14．A．untouched B．unlimited
C．classified D．consumed
A [参见上题解析。untouched“原封未动”符合语境。]
15．A．time B．effort
C．cash D．energy
C [作者承认，即使Darren从自己的钱包里多拿一些现金(cash)，作者也不会责怪他。]
16．A．embarrassed B．surprised
C．worried D．relaxed
B [作者的钱包丢了，有人捡到并归还给作者，而且这个人作者感到惊讶(surprise)。]
17．A．everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
D [参见上题解析。nothing“没有什么”符合语境。]
18．A．realize B．consider
C．recall D．imagine
A [根据语境可知，这件事让作者意识到(realize)自己是幸运的，自己丢失的钱包被一个诚实的(honest)人捡到，并且作者将回到一个温暖的家。]
19．A．familiar B．polite
C．honest D．wise
C [参见上题解析。]
20．A．shop B．world
C．environment D．street
B [根据语境可知，如果这个世界有更多像Darren这样善良的话，这个世界(world)将会是一个更好的地方。]
B (2019·郑州市质量预测)
My father was born in a small town in the US.He wasn't sure what he wanted from 21 ，but something told him to 22 and begin a new adventure.
He began that adventure traveling to cities in the US before going on to Australia，New Zealand and the Philippines.He took my mother and us three daughters with him and went wherever the road 23 him.
It's easy to feel 24 when you're on the road.We made lots of new friends on our trip—most of them are mechanics，since we often 25 hours in repair shops.But that was a way much 26 than sitting by the roadside while waiting for the engine to 27 when it was 40℃ outside.
Getting along well sometimes seemed 28 ．There were always a lot of 29 ，especially among us back seat passengers about who had to 30 in the middle.But even if it was hard，we learned a lot about 31 ．When we were traveling in the Philippines，we drove to Quezon City one day.It should have been an hour's drive but was nearly three thanks to bad roads and 32 traffic.“Did you put our suitcases in the car？” my father asked my mother as we arrived there.From the back seat，we saw her 33 turn toward my father.“No，”she said.“I thought you did.”That was how a seven-hour car trip turned into a 16-hour one，which was mostly spent in 34 ．
On occasions like that，we had to learn to let go of our anger because we were 35 in a rolling box with the same people for the rest of the 36 ．Even if I sometimes felt like opening the car door and 37 one of my sisters out，I kept my feelings to myself.
This is why road trips were like 38 universities to us.We 39 our PhDs(博士学位) in how to get along with other people just by traveling in our old car.
If we were 40 given a second chance at life，we would do it all over again.Only this time would I put the suitcases in the car myself.
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。小时候“我”随父亲和母亲以及我的姐妹开车旅行，在此过程中，我们学会了忍让以及和别人相处。
21．A．move B．life
C．experience D．belief
B [根据上文可知，“我”的父亲出生在美国的一个小镇上；结合该句中的He wasn't sure what he wanted以及下文叙述的他带着全家开车旅行可推知，那时他不确定想从生活(life)中要些什么，故B项正确。]
22．A．live up B．struggle on
C．get out D．walk around
C [根据该句中的begin a new adventure可推知，他得到启示，要他走出去(get out)，去开启新的冒险经历。]
23．A．took B．drove
C．served D．controlled
A [根据该句中的wherever the road并结合语境可知，他带着(took)妈妈和我们三个女儿，沿路旅行。]
24．A．anxious B．upset
C．helpless D．lonely
D [根据该句中的when you're on the road和下文介绍的沿路交朋友可推知，当在路上时，很容易感到孤独(lonely)。]
25．A．wasted B．worked
C．spent D．chatted
C [根据语境可知，由于我们经常花费几个小时在修理店，所以我们交的朋友大部分是修理工。]
26．A．better B．easier
C．safer D．cleverer
A [由于外面的温度达到40摄氏度，所以去修理店要比坐在马路边等候好得多。]
27．A．break down B．cool off
C．clear up D．turn over
B [根据该句中的when it was 40℃ outside可知，外面气温高达40摄氏度；据此可推知，该处指等待发动机冷却下来。]
28．A．available B．alternative
C．necessary D．impossible
D [根据下文中的it was hard并结合语境可知，友好相处有时似乎是不可能的(impossible)。]
29．A．arguments B．fights
C．embarrassments D．amusements
A [根据空后的especially among us...in the middle可知，我们之间总是有很多争吵，尤其是关于后座的我们谁坐(sit)在中间时。]
30．A．settle B．rest
C．sit D．watch
C [参见上题解析。]
31．A．sharing B．respect
C．communication D．tolerance
D [根据该句中的But表达的语境可知，尽管这很难解决，但是我们学会了忍耐(tolerance)。]
32．A．light B．heavy
C．local D．fast
B [根据该句中的It should have been an hour's drive but was nearly three可知，本可以在一小时就完成的路程，我们却花了三个小时；据此可推知，这里道路较差，交通拥堵，故B项正确。]
33．A．suddenly B．sensitively
C．calmly D．slowly
D [根据语境可知，我们在后座看到母亲慢慢地转过头对父亲说：没有，我还以为你放了。]
34．A．silence B．vain
C．panic D．disappointment
A [根据上文可知，母亲忘记将手提箱放进车里；结合该句和下文中的we had to learn to let go of our anger可知，我们学会了控制自己的怒气，这个七小时的行程最终变成了十六小时的行程，我们大部分的时间都在沉默。]
35．A．buried B．crazy
C．stuck D．impatient
C [根据语境可知，在像上文提到的情况下，我们必须控制自己的怒气，因为我们和相同的人在接下来的旅程(journey)里一起被困在车里。be stuck in为固定搭配，意为“被困在……”，故C项正确。]
36．A．holiday B．journey
C．exploration D．march
B [参见上题解析。]
37．A．dragging B．pushing
C．helping D．sending
B [根据该句中的I kept my feelings to myself可知，“我”控制住了自己的情绪；据此可推知，此处表示有时“我”想要打开车门将“我”的一个姐妹推出车外。B项意为“推”，故B项正确。]
38．A．unusual B．common
C．free D．mobile
D [根据该句中的road trips以及下文中的We our PhDs(博士学位)可知，对于我们来说，公路旅行就如可移动的(mobile)大学。]
39．A．earned B．expected
C．missed D．valued
A [根据语境可知，就在这辆旧汽车里，我们获得了如何和他人相处的博士学位；A项意为“博得，赢得”，故A项正确。]
40．A．somewhere B．anytime
C．somehow D．anyway
C [根据语境可知，如果我们能以某种方式在人生中获得第二次机会的话，我们还是会去旅行。C项意为“以某种方式”，故C项正确。]
C (2019·重庆市调研抽测)
In a remote village, selling chestnuts was the main source of livelihood for local villagers.In late autumn，the hills were covered by the trees and chestnuts were 41 from the branches of the trees，which 42 with the wind attracting local villagers to 43 them at this time of year.
The villagers took the chestnuts，carried them home and 44 them out.The whole family sifted(筛) and sorted them according to their 45 ，and then transported them to the city for wholesale or retail.Every villager knew that if they wanted to sell for a good price，what really 46 was to send the selected chestnuts to the market first.Many families，which were short of 47 ，would go to the nearby villages to hire workers with high 48 ．
Still，to many people's 49 ，there was a young man in the village who could never need help, 50 he had limited hands.He lived with his blind and old mother.He always arrived at the market one step ahead of the other ones 51 he could sell out of all the chestnuts and then happily drove back with his truck 52 ．
The secret of the young man was：after picking chestnuts，he put them 53 into a sack(麻袋) and carried them to the truck.When he set out，he chose the road， 54 and bumpy(不平的)，to go， 55 the small ones would jump to the 56 of the bag and the larger ones would stay on the top of the bag.It would save time for classification and selection.When inquired how he found the way，the young man 57 ：“If you put your heart into it，you will find the right way.This is not an accident but a(n) 58 result.”
There will always be people who get 59 or complain when they hear bad news.As a matter of fact，if you use your head，you will be 60 to the people and things in the environment.When you turn your mind into action to move forward step by step，you can also create a new world for yourself.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了一个年轻人用便捷的方法筛选栗子的故事，进而启迪读者——世上无难事，只怕有心人。
41．A．holding B．filling
C．planting D．hanging
D [根据语境及常识可知，山丘上遍布树木，栗子从树枝上垂下来(hang)，故选D。]
42．A．fell B．shook
C．jumped D．folded
B [根据空后的with the wind可推知，栗子随风摇动(shake)，吸引当地的村民们在一年中的这个时候来采摘(pick)，故选B。]
43．A．enjoy B．view
C．seek D．pick
D [参见上题解析。]
44．A．poured B．took
C．thought D．figured
A [根据下文中的The whole family sifted(筛)and sorted them可推知，村民们把采摘的栗子带回家，倒(pour)出来，然后才能进行筛选和分类，故选A。]
45．A．shape B．size
C．taste D．color
B [根据下文中的the small ones would jump to the of the bag and the larger ones would stay on the top of the bag可推知，整个家庭根据栗子的大小(size)进行筛选和分类，故选B。]
46．A．mattered B．cared
C．interested D．minded
A [根据语境可推知，真正要紧(matter)的是要把挑选好的栗子先送到市场上去，故选A。]
47．A．hands B．power
C．experience D．ways
A [根据下文中的he had limited hands可推知，许多家庭在这个时候就会缺少人手(hands)，会去附近的村子里以高薪(salary)雇人干活，故选A。]
48．A．quality B．quantity
C．money D．salary
D [参见上题解析。]
49．A．puzzlement B．relief
C．astonishment D．delight
A [根据上文可知，在栗子收获的季节许多家庭往往缺少人手，并结合下文可知，这个年轻人从不需要帮忙，由此可推知，这点让很多人困惑(puzzlement)，故选A。]
50．A．only if B．as if
C．even if D．if only
C [根据语境可知，即使(even if)这个年轻人人手有限，但他从不需要帮助。]
51．A．which B．where
C．whom D．who
B [分析句子结构可知，本句是一个定语从句，空处在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the market，故选B。]
52．A．full B．filled
C．empty D．loaded
C [根据空前的he could sell out of all the chestnuts可知，他能够卖光自己所有的栗子，然后开心地开着空(empty)卡车回家，故选C。]
53．A．suddenly B．shortly
C．directly D．hurriedly
C [根据上文可知，人们把采摘的栗子带回家，倒出来，然后进行筛选和分类，最后才运到市场上卖掉，而这个年轻人直接(directly)把采摘的栗子装进麻袋里，将它们搬上卡车，故选C。]
54．A．tough B．rough
C．regular D．smooth
B [由与空后的bumpy为并列结构可推知，他选择的路是高低不平的(rough)，故选B。]
55．A．even B．or
C．but D．so
D [根据语境可知，空处前后表示逻辑上的因果关系，前因后果，故选D。]
56．A．hole B．tip
C．middle D．bottom
D [根据下文中的and the larger ones would stay on the top推知，小些的栗子会快速移动到袋子的底部(bottom)，而大些的栗子会留在上面，故选D。]
57．A．sighed B．excited
C．smiled D．sneezed
C [根据空后的内容可推知，这个年轻人当时是微笑(smile)着(说)的。]
58．A．unexpected B．necessary
C．accidental D．deliberate
B [根据该句中的This is not an accident but可推知，这并非是意外，而是必然的(necessary)结果，故选B。]
59．A．stricken B．satisfied
C．upset D．surprised
C [根据空后的or complain when they hear bad news可知，此处与complain并列，故C项符合语境。]
60．A．sensitive B．accessible
C．relative D．flexible
A [根据上文年轻人的回答和本句中的if you use your head可推知，A项符合语境。]
专题限时集训(十九) 完形填空之夹叙夹议文(Ⅱ)
A (2019·潍坊市统一考试)
Sitting at a table in my school cafeteria，I looked around，slowly taking in everything.For the first time in my life，I 1 that I had been seeing without really seeing for the past two years.
Student after student passed my 2 carrying that day's lunch，but if you looked deeper，there was more to 3 ．There was more than just the uniform they were wearing，or the way they had styled their 4 that day.There was a lot more hidden under the 5 ．
Catching the eye of a girl in my grade sitting at a nearby table，I 6 politely.She smiled 7 and then continued to pick at the spaghetti in front of her.If I hadn't 8 recently that her mother was dying of leukemia，I would have never 9 anything was wrong and I may not have been as 10 and sympathetic，either.It suddenly 11 me that we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story.I realized that everyone may have something 12 they are facing in their lives.
I have an incurable lung disease.No one at our school knows—I don't show any noticeable 13 except for a few coughs here and there.I go about my day like any other kid， 14 with the realization that I have a 15 and terrifying future.
Before that day when I decided to 16 the world with a new perspective，I 17 myself almost every day.I thought only about myself and my heavy 18 ．But I've now realized that I am not the only one 19 ：everyone has their own mountain to face.No one is 20 — we just need to accept the way we are.
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者观察生活而进行反思的故事，启迪读者要正确看待生活中的不幸。
1．A．promised B．realized
C．pretended D．joked
B [根据上文I looked around, slowly taking in everything.For the first time in my life可推知，作者意识到(realize)了些什么，故选B。下文中的realized也是提示。]
2．A．order B．room
C．table D．cafeteria
C [与上文Sitting at a table in my school cafeteria呼应可知，此处指的是学生们路过作者所坐的餐桌(table)，故选C。]
3．A．observe B．imagine
C．compare D．exchange
A [与上文中的but if you looked deeper呼应可推知，此处表示作者认为有更多有待观察(observe)的东西。]
4．A．diet B．clothing
C．bicycle D．hair
D [根据上文中的the uniform they were wearing, or the way they had styled their推知，此处表示学生们的发型，故选D。]
5．A．surface B．uniform
C．rules D．circumstances
A [根据常识可知，学生的制服和发型都是外在的东西，且空处与下文中的we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story呼应，故选A。]
6．A．said B．moved
C．waved D．bowed
C [根据下文中的She smiled可推知，作者给一个女孩打了招呼，对方以微笑回应。]
7．A．casually B．weakly
C．happily D．impatiently
B [与下文her mother was dying of leukemia呼应可推知，女孩因为母亲病重而勉强地(weakly)对作者笑了笑。]
8．A．found B．noticed
C．heard D．decided
C [根据语境可推知，作者听说(hear)了这个女孩家里的不幸。]
9．A．suspected B．remembered
C．predicted D．regretted
A [根据语境可推知，作者本不会觉得(suspect)有什么不正常的。]
10．A．outstanding B．willing
C．demanding D．understanding
D [与下文中的sympathetic呼应可推知，作者对对方表示谅解(understanding)和同情，故选D。]
11．A．escaped B．satisfied
C．hit D．attracted
C [根据语境可知，此处表示作者突然意识到，我们在不知道整个故事的情况下迅速对其他人作出评价，故选C。hit意为“使突然意识到”。]
12．A．extra B．valuable
C．common D．tough
D [根据语境可推知，每个人都可能会面临困境。故选D。]
13．A．symptoms B．diseases
C．complaints D．weaknesses
A [根据语境及下文中的except for a few coughs可推知，此处指的是一些不为人注意的症状(symptom)。]
14．A．and B．but
C．or D．so
B [根据语境可推知，前后两句是逻辑上的转折关系，故选B。]
15．A．bright B．dark
C．real D．serious
B [与语境中的terrifying呼应可推知，此处表示因为难以治愈的疾病，作者的前途变得黑暗(dark)，故选B。]
16．A．change B．create
C．view D．tolerate
C [根据上文中的looked around和looked deeper可推知，作者一直在观察生活，而在那天之后作者以一种新角度看待(view)世界，故选C。]
17．A．pitied B．forgave
C．challenged D．encouraged
A [根据语境及下文中的I thought only about myself and my heavy 可推知，作者曾经因为自己的病而怜悯自己，故选A。]
18．A．debt B．reward
C．burden D．workload
C [根据语境及空前的heavy可推知，不可治愈的病是作者沉重的负担(burden)，故选C。]
19．A．blessed B．favored
C．laughing D．suffering
D [根据下文中的everyone has their own mountain to face可推知，人们都有要经历的苦难，故选D。]
20．A．changeable B．perfect
C．unique D．different
B [根据语境可推知，每个人都不完美，都有自己要应对的困境，我们只是需要接受自己原本的样子，故选B。]
B
Sometimes people around you can change your life.The change may not be sudden or 21 ，but little habits can produce big 22 that make you think about what is important in your life.The person who changed my life is Julia Masi.She has 23 me so many things that I will carry with me 24 my life.
One thing I've learned from Julia is how to balance 25 ．Julia has shown me how to 26 ahead so that I can finish all my school work，enjoy sports and 27 have time for my friends.She has taught me that you can do anything if you are 28 — never give up.I've also learned that you can find anything 29 if you connect it with something that you enjoy.
Last year I hated studying vocabulary，but I loved playing on my computer.Julia 30 the two and showed me a website called“freerice.com” where you can 31 a word game that gives you 5 grains of rice to donate to the poor with every correct word.She 32 me to learn a hundred new 33 by filling up the rice bowl.I liked playing the game so much that I 34 about 1，000 words in just one month.
Julia has always 35 me to try new hobbies.She showed me that going to the theater could help me become a better writer. 36 ，she taught me that discussing a play can excite an interest in reading.
37 it weren't for Julia I probably wouldn't have 38 how easy it is to help the poor.There are so many ways that one person can 39 ．I've learned to be more appreciative of what I own.I am 40 for the opportunities that I have been given.I will continue to think of ways to help those less fortunate for the rest of my life.
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者在Julia的帮助下改变人生的故事。
21．A．simple B．impressive
C．necessary D．slight
B [与sudden呼应，并结合but可推知，有时候的变化可能并不突然或令人印象深刻，故选B。]
22．A．descriptions B．distractions
C．ideas D．solutions
C [与语境中的think about呼应可推知，此处表示但是小习惯可能产生一些大的想法(idea)，从而思考人生中重要的东西。]
23．A．taught B．served
C．offered D．bought
A [根据下文One thing I've learned from Julia可推知，Julia教会(teach)了作者很多东西，与下文She has taught me that...never give up呼应。]
24．A．for B．of
C．throughout D．into
C [根据语境并结合该句中的carry可推知，Julia教给作者的东西作者将终生受用。throughout“自始至终”符合语境。]
25．A．work B．money
C．career D．time
D [根据语境以及下文and have time for my friends可推知，Julia让作者学会了如何平衡时间(time)，故选D。]
26．A．plan B．get
C．move D．stay
A [与语境中ahead 呼应可推知，此处表示提前计划，故选A。]
27．A．never B．seldom
C．yet D．still
D [根据I can finish all my school work, enjoy sports可推知，时间计划好的话，还可以有时间和朋友们一起玩耍。]
28．A．excited B．determined
C．careful D．patient
B [根据never give up的补充说明可推知，只要有决心，没有做不成的事情，故选B。]
29．A．important B．hard
C．possible D．interesting
D [根据语境以及该句中的enjoy可推知，如果和自己喜欢的事情联系起来，你就会发现事物的趣味性，故选D。]
30．A．shared B．remembered
C．combined D．separated
C [根据上文I've also learned that you can find anything if you connect it with something that you enjoy可推知，Julia把两者合并，让作者发现其中的趣味，故选C。]
31．A．watch B．play
C．raise D．improve
B [根据上文I loved playing on my computer，并与空后的a word game结合可推知，此处表示在电脑上玩(play)单词游戏，与下文I liked playing the game呼应。]
32．A．challenged B．invited
C．permitted D．reminded
A [根据语境to learn a hundred new by filling up the rice bowl，并结合上文Last year I hated studying vocabulary可推知，让一个讨厌词汇的人去记100个新单词，很明显，这是一项挑战。]
33．A．lessons B．skills
C．words D．stories
C [根据上文a word game，并结合 about 1，000 words in just one month可知，此处表示学习新单词(word)。]
34．A．learned B．read
C．used D．spelled
A [根据上文I liked playing the game so much可推知，作者喜欢玩这个游戏，一个月Julia就记住了大约1 000个新单词。]
35．A．allowed B．warned
C．forced D．encouraged
D [根据语境可推知，Julia鼓励(encourage)作者尝试新的兴趣。]
36．A．Therefore B．Besides
C．However D．Otherwise
B [根据语境可推知，前后句表示逻辑上的递进或补充说明关系，故选B。]
37．A．Unless B．Since
C．Although D．If
D [根据it weren't for Julia可知，本句是一个if引导的虚拟条件句，故选D。]
38．A．realized B．observed
C．imagined D．dreamed
A [根据上文a word game that gives you...to the poor，并结合语境可知，在Julia的帮助下，作者意识到(realize)帮助穷人很容易。]
39．A．turn away B．make a difference
C．show off D．make a mistake
B [根据语境及常识可知，帮助他人是一件有意义的事，一个人可以有很多方法有所作为(make a difference)。]
40．A．eager B．sorry
C．thankful D．anxious
C [根据上文I've learned to be more appreciative of what I own可知，作者感激(thankful)得到的机会。]
C
Just several days ago，a violent storm hit our community.I looked out of the window and witnessed a tree being abused by the 41 wind.The branches bent，and swayed(摇摆) back and forth，thanks to their 42 to avoid breaking.The leaves desperately stuck to the branches because their life 43 the tree.The powerful trunk(树干) which held the tree upright bent slightly 44 from the force in the battle to 45 its position.
After the storm had passed，the tree gracefully returned to its 46 position standing tall among the chaos(混乱)．It managed to 47 the storm.It didn't look the same as leaves had fallen and the soil had loosened，but what 48 is that the tree won the fight for its life.
For a long time I couldn't understand why this tree 49 my attention the way it did.As time passed，it became clear that it wasn't just about the tree but about the 50 roots which are deep into the soil providing 51 and nutrition.The roots allow the tree to be able to take a 52 because they are there to support it.
53 ，the next time you catch your kids 54 ．when the job is driving you crazy，when you are underpaid and the 55 is tight，and when the storms of life are blowing，go back to your 56 ．Life is full of storms.They will make you 57 ，make you sway and even make you lose some leaves，but the 58 your roots are，the stronger you stand.I challenge you to bend but don't break.However hard the wind blows，don't let life 59 you into an uncomfortable position.Your 60 lies in your roots.
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。主要讲述作者通过观察暴风雨中的树，从而进行联想，由物及人，感悟人生。
41．A．fierce B．strange
C．unusual D．gentle
A [根据上文中的Just several days ago, a violent storm hit our community，并与空前的being abused呼应可知，当时风很猛烈(fierce)，故选A。]
42．A．height B．flexibility
C．outline D．weight
B [根据上文的and swayed(摇摆) back and forth并结合常识可推知，树因为有一定的柔韧性(flexibility)而不会轻易被吹断。]
43．A．depended on B．answered for
C．intended for D．touched on
A [根据上文的The leaves desperately stuck to the branches并结合常识可推知，树叶依靠(depended on)树而存活，因此其紧紧贴在树枝上面。]
44．A．towards B．over
C．backwards D．into
C [结合上文的The powerful trunk(树干) which held the tree upright和常识可推知，树干在强风中轻微后仰，以保持(maintain)姿势，故选C。]
45．A．achieve B．reach
C．establish D．maintain
D [参见上题解析。]
46．A．current B．final
C．original D．comfortable
C [根据上文的returned可推知，大风过后，树又恢复到原来的(original)姿势，故选C。]
47．A．explore B．avoid
C．overcome D．survive
D [根据下文中的the tree won the fight for its life可推知，树在暴风雨中存活(survive)下来。]
48．A．differs B．matters
C．concerns D．reveals
B [根据上文中的It didn't look the same as leaves had fallen and the soil had loosened, but可推知，此处表示重要(matter)的是树在斗争中赢得了胜利，故选B。]
49．A．fixed B．paid
C．caught D．escaped
C [根据上文中的I looked out of the window and witnessed a tree being abused by the wind可推知，暴风雨中的那棵树吸引了作者的注意(catch one's attention)．]
50．A．unseen B．dirty
C．obvious D．new
A [根据下文which are deep into the soil providing and nutrition并结合常识可知，那看不见(unseen)且深深植根于地下的树根为树提供水源(water)和营养，故选A。]
51．A．light B．surroundings
C．sources D．water
D [参见上题解析。]
52．A．stand B．fight
C．chance D．turning
B [与上文中的the tree won the fight for its life呼应可知，此处应表示“斗争，搏斗”，故选B。]
53．A．However B．Still
C．Thus D．Besides
C [根据语境可推知，此处上下文存在逻辑上的因果关系，故选C。]
54．A．misleading B．interpreting
C．withdrawing D．misbehaving
D [根据语境可推知，此处表示你的孩子们行为不当。]
55．A．budget B．deadline
C．hand D．living
A [结合上文的when you are underpaid可推知，此处表示预算(budget)紧。]
56．A．dream B．home
C．roots D．trees
C [根据上文中的when the storms of life are blowing，并与上文The roots allow the tree to be able to take a because they are there to support it呼应可推知，遇到生活中的暴风雨时，要回归根本(root)，故选C。]
57．A．win B．bend
C．loosen D．stay
B [与上文中的the branches bent, and swayed(摇摆) back and forth，thanks to their 42 to avoid breaking呼应可推知，生活的暴风雨也会让人弯腰(bend)、摇摆。]
58．A．deeper B．bigger
C．more D．brighter
A [与上文中的roots which are deep into the soil呼应可推知，根基越深(deeper)，站得越牢固，故选A。]
59．A．trick B．force
C．lead D．admit
B [根据上文的However hard the wind blows可推知，不要让生活迫使(force)你进入难过的境地。]
60．A．courage B．ambition
C．value D．strength
D [根据上文The roots allow the tree to be able to take a because they are there to support it，并与but the your roots are, the stronger you stand呼应可推知，就像树一样，人的力量(strength)在于根基。]
专题限时集训(二十) 完形填空之说明文
A (2019·重庆市七校联考)
The job of raising children is a tough one. Children don't come with an instruction manual(说明书)．And each child is 1 ．So parents sometimes pull their hair out in frustration, not 2 what to do.But in raising children，what we do is 3 by our culture.Naturally then，American parents teach their children basic American 4 ．
To Americans，the goal of parents is to help children 5 on their own feet.From 6 ，each child may get his or her own room.As children grow，they get more 7 to make their own choices. 8 choose their own forms of entertainment，as well as the friends to 9 them with.When they 10 young adulthood，they choose their own jobs and marriage 11 ．Of course，many young adults still 12 their parents' advice and approval for the choices they make.But once they“leave the 13 ” at around 18 to 21 years old，they want to be on their own，not 14 to their mothers' apron strings(围裙带)．
The relationship between parents and children in America is very informal.American parents 15 their children as individuals—not as extensions of themselves.They 16 them to achieve their own dreams.Americans praise，encourage and give their children the 17 to succeed.When children become adults，their parents become more like 18 ．But 19 to popular belief，most adult Americans don't make their parents pay for room and board when their parents come to 20 them.Even as adults，they respect and honor their parents.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了美国人养育孩子的方式。
1．A．strange B．different
C．new D．unlike
B [根据语境和常识可知，每个孩子都是不同的(different)，故选B。]
2．A．noticing B．remembering
C．knowing D．deciding
C [与上文Children don't come with an instruction manual(说明书)呼应可推知，父母不知道(know)如何应对，很沮丧，故选C。]
3．A．influenced B．made
C．controlled D．changed
A [根据语境和常识可推知，父母在养育孩子方面的做法会受相关文化的影响(influence)，故选A。]
4．A．services B．standards
C．laws D．values
D [与上文by our culture呼应可推知，此处表示美国的父母会教给孩子们基本的美国式价值观(value)，故选D。]
5．A．sit B．get
C．stand D．rise
C [根据语境可知，此处表示帮助孩子独立，与下文they want to be on their own呼应，故选C。stand on one's own feet为固定用法，表示“独立自主，自立”。]
6．A．adulthood B．girlhood
C．boyhood D．childhood
D [根据下文As children grow可推知，此处表示从幼年(childhood)开始，孩子们就有属于自己的房间，故选D。]
7．A．freedom B．space
C．time D．money
A [根据语境以及下文to make their own choices可推知，随着孩子们长大，他们有更多的自由(freedom)去自己做决定。]
8．A．Adults B．Teenagers
C．Americans D．Parents
B [承接上文As children grow，并与下文When they young adulthood呼应可推知，此处表示青少年(teenager)，故选B。]
9．A．help B．join
C．share D．provide
C [根据语境可知，此处表示青少年自己选择娱乐的方式，以及分享(share)这些娱乐方式的朋友。]
10．A．gain B．pass
C．become D．reach
D [结合语境及下文中的young adulthood可推知，此处表示孩子们到(reach)了人生的另一个阶段，故选D。]
11．A．wives B．partners
C．husbands D．couples
B [根据语境及空前的marriage可知，此处表示选择他们的配偶(partners)，故选B。]
12．A．seek B．invite
C．try D．choose
A [根据该句中的still和advice，并结合常识可推知，对于自己的选择，许多年轻人会寻求(seek)父母的建议和赞同。]
13．A．room B．study
C．nest D．place
C [根据下文中的they want to be on their own, not to their mothers' apron strings(围裙带)和空前的leave可推知，孩子们在18岁到21岁左右“离开安乐窝(nest)”。]
14．A．connected B．held
C．stuck D．tied
D [根据上文中的they want to be on their own，并结合语境可推知，此处表示长大成人的孩子们不想系(tie)在妈妈的围裙带上，故选D。]
15．A．look B．view
C．think D．recognize
B [根据语境可知，此处表示美国父母把孩子们视为(view)个体。固定词组view...as...意为“把……视为……”，符合语境，故选B。]
16．A．hope B．suggest
C．allow D．command
C [根据语境可知，此处表示美国父母允许(allow)孩子们去实现他们自己的梦想。]
17．A．power B．trust
C．energy D．confidence
D [根据语境以及该句中的praise和encourage可推知，美国父母给予孩子们信心(confidence)去获得成功，故选D。]
18．A．friends B．companions
C．members D．seniors
A [根据上文The relationship between parents and children in America is very informal. American parents their children as individuals — not as extensions of themselves并结合语境可推知，当孩子们长大成人，父母会变得更像孩子的朋友(friends)了，故选A。]
19．A．known B．similar
C．contrary D．due
C [根据语境可知，此处表示与普遍的看法相反。固定词组contrary to sth.，意为“与……相反”，故选C。]
20．A．notice B．visit
C．watch D．observe
B [根据语境可推知，此处表示当父母来访(visit)时，美国人并不会让父母支付食宿费用，故选B。]
B
Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life.It 21 our happiness when we are cheerful，and lessens our 22 when we are sad.A good book may absorb our attention so 23 that for the time being we forget our 24 ．
Whatever may be our main purpose in reading，good books should never fail to give us 25 ．With a good book in our hands we will never be 26 ．Whether the characters in the book are taken from real life or are purely 27 ，they may become our companions and make us laugh.The people we meet in books may 28 us either because they are similar to our close friends or because they present 29 types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances.Our human friends sometimes 30 us，but the friends we make in books always respect us.By turning the pages we can 31 them without any fear of hurting their feelings.When our human friends 32 us，good books are always there to give us sympathy and encouragement.
One of the most valuable gifts from books is 33 ．Few of us can travel far from home， 34 all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of book.When we wish to 35 from the dull realities of everyday life，a book will help us when 36 else can.To travel by book we don't have to 37 and save a lot of money.Through books we may get the thrill of adventure without 38 ．We can climb high mountains or cross the hot sands of the desert， 39 ，through books the whole world is ours for the asking.The 40 of our literary experiences are almost unlimited.
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。主要介绍一本好书可以给我们带来快乐、朋友、经验和指导。
21．A．achieves B．reduces
C．increases D．threatens
C [当我们高兴的时候，它增加(increase)我们的幸福；我们难过的时候，它降低我们的悲痛(sorrow)。]
22．A．duties B．sorrows
C．chances D．diseases
B [参见上题解析。]
23．A．completely B．naturally
C．frequently D．desperately
A [一本好书会完全(completely)吸引我们，以至于我们忘记了周围的环境(surrounding)。]
24．A．performances B．prejudices
C．responsibilities D．surroundings
D [参见上题解析。]
25．A．agreement B．treatment
C．enjoyment D．judgement
C [无论我们读书的目的是什么，好的书应该总是给我们享受(enjoyment)。]
26．A．lonely B．lazy
C．tired D．guilty
A [手中有一本好书从来都不会寂寞(lonely)。]
27．A．average B．imaginary
C．typical D．fortunate
B [无论书中的人物形象来自真实生活还是虚构的(imaginary)，都会使我们发笑。]
28．A．greet B．shock
C．worry D．delight
D [我们在书中遇到的人使我们高兴(delight)，要么是因为他们与我们亲密的朋友相似，要么是因为他们呈现给我们不熟悉(unfamiliar)类型的人，我们很高兴把他们当作新的熟人。]
29．A．uncertain B．unpractical
C．unfamiliar D．unnecessary
C [参见上题解析。]
30．A．make fun of B．take care of
C．catch sight of D．pay attention to
A [有时我们人类的朋友会取笑(make fun of)我们，但是书中的朋友会尊重我们。]
31．A．order B．control
C．believe D．ignore
D [通过翻书页我们可以忽略(ignore)它们，不用担心会伤害到他们的感情。]
32．A．challenge B．abandon
C．understand D．persuade
B [当我们人类的朋友遗弃(abandon)我们时，书中的朋友总是给我们以同情和鼓励。故选B。]
33．A．pleasure B．knowledge
C．experience D．success
C [书中最有价值的礼物之一就是经验(experience)。]
34．A．but B．or
C．if D．so
A [我们很少能出远门。但是(but)我们都可以通过书了解丰富多彩的生活。]
35．A．return B．recover
C．graduate D．escape
D [当我们想从日常乏味的生活中逃脱(escape)时，如果没有别的东西(nothing)的话，一本好书将会给我们帮助。]
36．A．anything B．nothing
C．everything D．something
B [参见上题解析。]
37．A．pay B．stop
C．guess D．race
A [在书中旅游不用花钱(pay)。]
38．A．reason B．evidence
C．danger D．instruction
C [在书中我们可以没有危险(danger)地得到冒险的刺激。]
39．A．However B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．Anyway
D [不管怎样(Anyway)，通过书整个世界我们都可以去询问。]
40．A．purposes B．possibilities
C．directions D．suggestions
B [我们文学经历的可能性(possibility)几乎是没有限制的。]
C
Do you ever feel like you are studying a mad rush of one subject after another? When things happen at such a 41 pace，it is easy to lose sight of what you are learning.It is important to 42 every now and then to think about what you've been learning.
Self reflection means stopping the mad rush and 43 yourself so your brain can evaluate what it has already 44 ．Some people prefer to do their self reflections 45 ，while others keep a journal.Either method can work，depending on what your own personal 46 is.
School textbooks are often divided into units.This can make it 47 for someone to begin the process of self reflection.Watch for the times when you complete a unit of study.Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is 48 because there is some kind of test or quiz.Use these natural 49 as opportunities to stop and reflect.
You should find a 50 place—anywhere without noise is OK.This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something 51 and the other students are still working.If you are going to take notes，take out your journal.Write down some notes on things that you 52 learned in this unit.Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some 53 ．
Sometimes just pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections 54 new information can quickly appear when you 55 it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about. 56 maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you don't 57 how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but you're not sure when to use it.Writing down your 58 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 59 the same topic.
Self reflection is an essential skill for a 60 student.If you have never taken the time to reflect，try it now.
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。主要介绍自我反思的定义，来帮助学生学习。
41．A．steady B．fast
C．relaxing D．unique
B [根据前文的“a mad rush of one subject after another”判断，此处应表示“快速的”，故选B。]
42．A．change B．check
C．stop D．exercise
C [根据前文的learn可推断，此处应是停一下，故选C。]
43．A．calming B．enjoying
C．behaving D．helping
A [根据前文的学习那么快，此处应是让自己平静下来。故选A。]
44．A．dealt B．forgotten
C．found D．received
D [此处表示“大脑能评估它接收的东西”，故选D。]
45．A．personally B．mentally
C．slowly D．directly
B [与下文的“keep a journal”相对应，此处应是记在心里，故选B。]
46．A．pace B．grade
C．skill D．style
D [两种方法都有效，这取决于你个人的风格，故选D。]
47．A．quick B．necessary
C．easy D．hard
C [教科书被分成几部分，应该是使得自我反思很容易，故选C。]
48．A．finished B．divided
C．interrupted D．covered
A [通过后面的“test or quiz”可知，应是这部分完成了，故选A。]
49．A．breaks B．tests
C．units D．periods
A [根据前文的complete和test or quiz等判断，此处应是稍作停顿，故选A。]
50．A．safe B．familiar
C．quiet D．comfortable
C [根据下文的“without noise”可知此处应表示“安静的”，故选C。]
51．A．correctly B．finally
C．early D．independently
C [通过句中的“you finish something”和“the other students are still working”相比较可知，你完成得早，故选C。]
52．A．actively B．newly
C．rapidly D．carefully
B [此处表示对新学的东西做一下回顾，故选B。]
53．A．choices B．decisions
C．connections D．improvements
C [这里指让新旧知识相连，下一段的connections是提示，故选C。]
54．A．in case B．so that
C．even if D．as though
B [空后是前一分句的结果，故选B。]
55．A．seek B．share
C．show D．need
D [此处表示“如果你再需要的时候”，故选D。]
56．A．In general B．Of course
C．For example D．As usual
C [下文是前面观点的例子，故选C。]
57．A．know B．doubt
C．believe D．remember
A [但是你不知道它是如何工作的，故选A。]
58．A．opinions B．methods
C．worries D．questions
D [既然有疑问，就可以把问题(questions)写下来，故选D。后面的answers也是提示。]
59．A．come across B．get through
C．think of D．take away
A [此处指下一次你遇到同样的问题时，故选A。]
60．A．talented B．successful
C．serious D．young
B [根据文意，自我反思是一个成功学生的基本技能，故选B。]
专题限时集训(二十一) 完形填空之议论文
A
Did you ever have a dream? I'm not talking about a dream you have when you sleep.I'm talking about a conscious 1 where you would like to see a new future，a different choice of employment，and a 2 of your own.How many times have you wished that you could be living in a different 3 than the one you are 4 experiencing?
Several years ago，I had a dream about inventing a board game that would 5 my life's fortunes.After many revisions，a board game was developed.It was a(n) 6 time.Our dream seemed to come true with sales starting to accumulate，and our company was also 7 ．
8 ，another new board game 9 the market and made great progress in sales.Eventually，our company was dissolved.
Perhaps for a game developer，the 10 emotions that it never was meant to be will discourage his future dreams of a different life.But to me，maybe I didn't succeed to the level I 11 ，at the very least I turned my dream 12 a reality. 13 I had never transferred my dream into goal and then to action，there wouldn't have been 14 lessons to be learned from the failure.It may take many 15 but success is only achieved.Once dreams are 16 action，failure becomes a 17 action plan in future.The important 18 here is that success only comes by turning dreams into reality and realizing that 19 are only stepping?stones to final success.After many attempts，many failures，many lessons and many false starts，learn valuable lessons from failure，turn dreams into 20 ，and don't let a dream only be a dream，success will arrive at last.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。全篇围绕dream展开，指出梦想并不是你睡觉时候做的梦，而是需要我们付出失败和努力去实现的。
1．A．future B．life
C．dream D．plan
C [由前文可知作者这里讨论的是dream，不是晚上睡觉做的梦，而是有意识的梦想，故选C。]
2．A．factory B．business
C．car D．farm
B [此处与前面的“a new future”和“a different choice of employment”是并列关系，指的是自己的公司，下一段的company也是提示。]
3．A．environment B．school
C．family D．society
A [这里需要名词作live in的宾语，应指居住的环境，故选A。其他三项都过于具体，没有普遍性。]
4．A．enjoyably B．previously
C．constantly D．currently
D [根据前文句意来说主要是强调现在的环境和所预想的环境相比较，故选D，意为“当前地”。]
5．A．destroy B．realize
C．change D．create
C [前面提到了想要生活在截然不同的环境，暗指与之前的不同，所以应该用改变，故选C。]
6．A．exciting B．terrible
C．dark D．embarrassing
A [根据下句可知我们的梦想似乎要实现了，所以心情应是激动的，故选A。]
7．A．canceled B．combined
C．disappeared D．founded
D [既然我们的梦想似乎要实现了，那么我们的公司当然是成立了，故选D。]
8．A．Unfortunately B．Unlikely
C．Unconsciously D．Unfairly
A [根据后面的“our company was dissolved”可知是不幸的，故选A。]
9．A．came into B．left out
C．came back D．took in
A [这里指有一家新的公司进入了市场，故选A。]
10．A．optimistic B．negative
C．difficult D．positive
B [根据后面的描述可知是一种不好的情绪，故选B，意为“消极的”。]
11．A．needed B．devoted
C．desired D．begged
C [作者没有成功到达想要(desire)达到的那个水平。]
12．A．by B．on
C．over D．into
D [此处表示作者将目光从梦想转移到现实中来，故选D。]
13．A．Unless B．If
C．After D．Before
B [由后面的“there wouldn't have been...”可知前面是对过去时的一种虚拟语气，应该用if。]
14．A．valuable B．successful
C．useless D．cruel
A [这里的lessons是从失败中学到的，应是很有参考的价值，故选A。]
15．A．analyses B．designs
C．attempts D．revisions
C [成功是需要付出很多努力的，故选C。]
16．A．taken up B．looked into
C．run across D．put into
D [此处指把梦想付诸行动。put ...into action 把……付诸行动。]
17．A．good B．better
C．most D．bad
B [一旦梦想付诸行动，失败就会变成更好的行为，因为它对梦想是有帮助的。]
18．A．meaning B．point
C．truth D．purpose
B [根据后面的that从句可知，此处应是指的重点，故选B。]
19．A．efforts B．achievements
C．possibilities D．difficulties
B [这里强调最终的成功才是重点，而小成就(achievement)只是踏脚石，故选B。]
20．A．heart B．existence
C．action D．ambition
C [此处指把梦想付诸行动，故选C。]
B
Having a friend who is bright can do you good in many ways.
A bright friend can share your problems and help you 21 them properly.Are you overwhelmed(应接不暇)？He can show you the order to 22 them on schedule.Are you having problems with someone？Tell him and he will find the best 23 to satisfy both you and your friend.Let's imagine you were stuck in an elevator(电梯)．You might be very 24 and not know how to get out of it.The 25 could change considerably if you had a bright friend beside you.He could help you keep 26 and quickly find a way to rescue you.
A bright friend is also a good 27 for you to learn from.In fact，you can get many interesting and 28 things from a knowledgeable friend.You can better yourself by 29 his unique way of thinking and handling things.I have a bright friend who can solve problems in a way that I could never 30 ．Having had him as my close friend for ages，I have learnt so many things from him that may 31 me much in my life.He has taught me many ways of solving problems，and even 32 unchangeable situations in some bright ways.
Indeed，having a bright friend can give you the 33 to keep on trying to be his equal.This makes you 34 in some positive ways.You may have thought，“Why can he do that and not me？”And so you will try your best to be as 35 as your friend.You then will change your 36 way of thinking and doing things，becoming open-minded to learn 37 things and develop your true potentials.
All of these 38 things a bright friend brings to you can of course be the 39 of a long-lasting friendship.However，friendship 40 a thorough and mutual(相互的) understanding.So，you should also make every effort to make it last forever.
【语篇解读】 本文是议论文。文章主要论述了结交聪明的朋友所带来的各种好处。
21．A．find B．avoid
C．solve D．identify
C [根据本段中的A bright friend can share your problems and help you them properly可知，聪明的朋友能分担你的难题，帮助你妥善地“解决(solve)”它们。]
22．A．clean B．keep
C．finish D．take
C [根据本段中的Are you overwhelmed 及He can show you the order to them on schedule可知，如果你被琐事缠身，聪明的朋友会告诉你能准时“完成(finish)”这些事情的顺序。]
23．A．time B．place
C．answer D．way
D [根据本段中的Are you having problems with someone及Tell him and he will find the best to satisfy both you and your friend可知，如果你跟别人有了矛盾，告诉聪明的朋友，他能找到最好的“方法(way)”让你和你的朋友都满意。]
24．A．upset B．impolite
C．bored D．exhausted
A [根据上文中的Let's imagine you were stuck in an elevator以及空后的not know how to get out of it可知，当你被困在电梯里时，你会感到“不安(upset)”，不知道怎样才能出去。]
25．A．process B．situation
C．environment D．idea
B [根据下文中的change considerably和quickly find a way to rescue you可知，如果你身边有个聪明的朋友，“情况(situation)”就会大为改观。]
26．A．free B．warm
C．silent D．calm
D [根据上文语境可知，被困在电梯你会感到不安，而聪明的朋友会帮你保持“镇静(calm)”，并能很快找到办法救出去。]
27．A．example B．expert
C．follower D．leader
A [根据空后的for you to learn from可知，聪明的朋友是你学习的好“榜样(example)”。]
28．A．beautiful B．strange
C．useful D．simple
C [根据空前的interesting及空后的from a knowledgeable friend可知，你能从博学的朋友身上学到很多有趣的、“有用的(useful)”东西。]
29．A．accepting B．learning
C．guessing D．expecting
B [根据本段中的You can better yourself by his unique way of thinking and handling things可知，你可以通过“学习(learning)”他独特的思考问题、解决问题的方式来提高自己。]
30．A．give up B．get across
C．believe in D．think of
D [根据本句中的a bright friend可知，“我”的朋友非常聪明，他能用“我”想(think of)不到的方式解决问题。]
31．A．impress B．help
C．attract D．surprise
B [根据上文中的I have learnt so many things from him可知，与他相交多年，“我”从他身上学到了很多让“我”终身“受益(help)”的东西。]
32．A．changing B．considering
C．analyzing D．examining
A [根据本段中的He has taught me many ways of solving problems, and even unchangeable situations in some bright ways可知，他教会“我”许多解决问题的方法，以及如何巧妙地“扭转(changing)”已成定局的不利局面。]
33．A．excuse B．permission
C．responsibility D．motivation
【答案】 D
34．A．competitive B．interesting
C．different D．humorous
A [根据本段中的keep on trying to be his equal及This makes you in some positive ways可知，结交聪明的朋友能“激励(motivation)”你努力向他看齐。这会让你变得积极向上、“有竞争力(competitive)”。]
35．A．energetic B．sensitive
C．excellent D．important
C [根据本段中的You may have thought “Why can he do that and not me？” And so you will try your best可知，你会想：“为什么他能做到而‘我’做不到呢？”从而努力让自己变得和朋友一样“优秀(excellent)”。]
36．A．independent B．narrow
C．slow D．similar
【答案】 B
37．A．new B．little
C．real D．complex
A [根据本段中的becoming open-minded to learn...things and develop your true potentials可知，你会改变自己“狭隘的(narrow)”思考方式和做事方法，从而使自己的思想变得开放，学习“新鲜(new)”事物，发挥自己真正的潜力。]
38．A．logical B．right
C．adventurous D．wonderful
【答案】 D
39．A．desire B．basis
C．tool D．cure
B [根据上文中论述的结交聪明朋友的益处及本段中的can of course be the of a long-lasting friendship可知，一个聪明的朋友带给你的所有这些“美好的(wonderful)”东西也是友谊长久的“基础(basis)”。]
40．A．allows B．offers
C．requires D．reflects
C [根据空后的a thorough and mutual understanding及So, you should also make every effort to make it last forever可知，但是友谊“需要(requires)”深入的、相互的理解，所以你也要付出努力让这份友谊长存。]
C
When you live in a seasonal environment，you can learn that both outdoor and indoor activities have their place.As the seasons 41 ，so does your mood.Certain activities become more or less attractive， 42 the weather and the length of the day.
Spring is a time of the year when the world starts to 43 from its winter sleep.During this season，I enjoy going on long walks through parks and watching the world come 44 ．
Many consider summer to be the top of the year.The city comes into full swing 45 the weather becomes warmer and warmer.During the summer，I prefer to spend the daytime anywhere that is air?conditioned.This 46 include the library，a shopping center or a movie theater.I often enjoy spending the 47 evenings sitting on the wide balcony (阳台)of my house and having drinks with my friends.
Fall，with the 48 of the leaves and the summer heat gradually 49 ，is probably another 50 time to go on long walks during the day.I love to be 51 during fall and see the life of the city returning to its hibernation (冬眠)．Another 52 to go outside during autumn is to 53 the last days of warmth until the next year.
Winter 54 the shortening of days and cooler weather.Outdoor activities tend to become less 55 and sinking down on the sofa with a good book becomes my 56 activity.It is not enjoyable to spend time outside if it is too 57 ．I only choose to go outside when I want to go skiing.
So，my 58 to spend time indoors or outdoors is vastly dependent on the 59 ．Different seasons 60 different activities and therefore it is impossible to choose whether I would spend all of my spare time indoors or outdoors.
【语篇解读】 本文是议论文。在室内活动好还是在室外活动好？作者谈了自己的观点。
41．A．end B．change
C．begin D．arrive
B [四季“更迭(change)”会影响人们的心情。 ]
42．A．resulting in B．consisting of
C．referring to D．depending on
D [由下文作者列举他在不同季节喜欢的活动不同可知，他认为某些活动变得更加有吸引力或者无吸引力“取决于(depend on)”天气以及白昼的长短。]
43．A．shake B．circle
C．awaken D．wave
C [由“from its winter sleep”可知，春天是万物开始从冬眠中“醒来(awaken)”的季节。作者喜欢在这个季节去公园散步并观察万物“复苏(come alive)”。 ]
44．A．open B．alive
C．still D．real
B [参见上题解析。]
45．A．as B．if
C．or D．unless
A [“天气越来越暖和”和“城市进入到活跃状态”之间是因果关系，故选用as。]
46．A．should B．need
C．can D．must
C [由上文的“I prefer to spend the daytime anywhere that is air?conditioned”可知，夏天天气太热，作者喜欢白天待在任何有空调的地方，“大概会(can)”包括图书馆、商场或者电影院。]
47．A．dry B．rainy
C．warm D．freezing
C [夏天的夜晚很“热(warm)”，作者喜欢坐在大阳台上跟朋友们共饮一杯。]
48．A．growing B．turning
C．existing D．darkening
B [秋天的特点是树叶“变色(turning)”、夏日的炎热逐渐“消退(disappearing)”。]
49．A．increasing B．burning
C．developing D．disappearing
D [参见上题解析。]
50．A．busy B．extra
C．informal D．excellent
D [由下文的go outside during autumn可知，作者认为秋天是可以到“户外(outside)”散步的又一段“美好(excellent)”时光。]
51．A．back B．alone
C．outside D．ahead
C [参见上题解析。]
52．A．rule B．reason
C．excuse D．question
B [本段探讨的是作者喜欢秋日户外活动的“原因(reason)”，除了可以看到万物再次回归到冬眠状态，还可以“享受(enjoy)”一年之中最后的一段温暖时光。]
53．A．enjoy B．share
C．count D．miss
A [参见上题解析。]
54．A．loses B．finds
C．brings D．begs
C [冬天“带来了(brings)”缩短的白昼和越来越冷的天气。]
55．A．helpful B．normal
C．expensive D．attractive
D [由下文的“It is not enjoyable to spend time outside”可知，冬天的户外活动变得不那么“有吸引力(attractive)”。]
56．A．social B．favorite
C．last D．creative
B [由下文的“I only choose to go outside when I want to go skiing”可知，冬日窝在沙发里看书是作者“最喜欢的(favorite)”活动。]
57．A．hot B．cold
C．wet D．bright
B [如果天气太“冷(cold)”，到户外活动就没那么有意思。]
58．A．dream B．duty
C．decision D．secret
C [由上文作者列举他在四季所喜欢的不同活动可知，作者在室内还是到室外活动的“决定(decision)”完全取决于“季节(season)”，因为不同的季节“需要(call for)”不同的活动。]
59．A．life B．feelings
C．season D．activities
C [参见上题解析。]
60．A．give up B．believe in
C．come to D．call for
D [参见58题解析。]
