高考英语二轮专题复习课件：定语从句（19张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮专题复习课件：定语从句（19张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 753.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-02-29 22:15:34 | ||
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(共19张PPT)
定语从句复习
什么是定语从句？
引导定语从句的关系代词
关系代词 被修饰的先行词 在从句中充当的成分 备注
who ? ? ?
whom ? ? ?
that ? ? ?
which ? ? ?
whose ? ? ?
人
人
人/物
物，非限制性指整个句子
人/物
主语，非正式可做宾语
宾语
主、宾、表
主、宾
定语
of whom/which
引导定语从句的关系副词
关系副词 被修饰的先行词 在从句中充当的成分 备注
when ? ? ?
where ? ? ?
why ? ? ?
时间
地点
原因
状语
状语
状语
at/in/on which
in which
for which
定语从句中 as 的用法
（1）. ______ is known to the world, China’s Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympic Games.
A. That B. Which C. As D. It
定语从句中 as 的用法
（2）. It is so interesting a book ______ my brother and I both like.
A. that B. as
C. which D. and
as 用法归纳总结：
既指人又指物，在从句中做主语、宾语、状语。在非限制性定语从句中可以指代整个句子。可翻译为“正如、正像”。先行词前面有such/so/the same 时，要用as。
限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别
1.The students who went to see the film were very disappointed.
2.The students, who went to see the film, were very disappointed.
限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别
区别 限定性定语
从句 非限定性定语
从句
意义 ? ?
翻译 ? ?
功能 ? ?
关系词 ? ?
形式 ? ?
起限制作用，若省去，句意不完整
起补充说明作用，若省去，句意不受影响
翻译成先行词的定语
与主句并列的分句
修饰先行词
既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个句子
可用that，作宾语时可省略
不可用that，关系词作宾语时不能省略
无逗号
前有逗号
如何确定定语从句的关系词
(1) I can never forget the day _____ we worked together and the day _____ we spent together.
A. when ; which B. which; when
C. what; that D. on which; when
(2)I don’t know the reason ______ you were absent from the meeting, but I am sure that someone will tell me the reason ______ you haven’t told me.
A. why; that B. that; why
C. because; which D. of which; that
如何确定定语从句的关系词
(3)This is the room _______ he lived.
This is the room _______________ he visited.
where
that/which
如何确定关系词
1.先找先行词
2.看关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分
(1) When she came back from abroad, Lucy told us about the cities and the people ______ she had visited.
A. that B. who C. where D. which
(2) There are three things ______ make Sydney famous, its beautiful harbor, the
Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Sydney Opera House.
A. what B. that C. when D. where
(3) He gave me a call, telling me everything ______ he saw on the way to Beijing.
A. what B. that
C. when D. where
(4) It is the very village ______ the anti-Japanese army fought over 60 years ago.
A. that B. which
C. where D. when
只用that的情况总结：
1.先行词既有人又有物的名词。
2.主句是there be 结构时
3.先行词是不定代词，或被不定代词修饰
4.先行词被 the very，the only 等修饰时
5.先行词前有序数词或形容词、副词的最高级修饰，或先行词本身是序数词或最高级。
6.关系词在定语从句中作表语时
7.当主句是为who、which引导的特殊疑问句时
8.句中有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which时，另一个用that
(1) Is this the dictionary _______ you paid five dollars?
A.to which B.for which C. on which D.that
(2) American women usually identify their best friend as someone _______ they can talk frequently.
A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
(3) I have many friends, _________ some are businessmen.
of them B.from which
C. who of D. of whom
介词+关系代词 引导的定语从句归纳总结：
1.介词的选用要根据从句中动词、形容词等与介词的习惯搭配而定
2.在由“代词/名词+of+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，先行词指人用whom，指物用which
3.which和whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，这个介词可以放在关系代词之前，也可以放在宾语从句之尾。当介词放句尾时，which可用that代替，whom可用who或that代替
巩固练习
定语从句复习
什么是定语从句？
引导定语从句的关系代词
关系代词 被修饰的先行词 在从句中充当的成分 备注
who ? ? ?
whom ? ? ?
that ? ? ?
which ? ? ?
whose ? ? ?
人
人
人/物
物，非限制性指整个句子
人/物
主语，非正式可做宾语
宾语
主、宾、表
主、宾
定语
of whom/which
引导定语从句的关系副词
关系副词 被修饰的先行词 在从句中充当的成分 备注
when ? ? ?
where ? ? ?
why ? ? ?
时间
地点
原因
状语
状语
状语
at/in/on which
in which
for which
定语从句中 as 的用法
（1）. ______ is known to the world, China’s Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympic Games.
A. That B. Which C. As D. It
定语从句中 as 的用法
（2）. It is so interesting a book ______ my brother and I both like.
A. that B. as
C. which D. and
as 用法归纳总结：
既指人又指物，在从句中做主语、宾语、状语。在非限制性定语从句中可以指代整个句子。可翻译为“正如、正像”。先行词前面有such/so/the same 时，要用as。
限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别
1.The students who went to see the film were very disappointed.
2.The students, who went to see the film, were very disappointed.
限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别
区别 限定性定语
从句 非限定性定语
从句
意义 ? ?
翻译 ? ?
功能 ? ?
关系词 ? ?
形式 ? ?
起限制作用，若省去，句意不完整
起补充说明作用，若省去，句意不受影响
翻译成先行词的定语
与主句并列的分句
修饰先行词
既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个句子
可用that，作宾语时可省略
不可用that，关系词作宾语时不能省略
无逗号
前有逗号
如何确定定语从句的关系词
(1) I can never forget the day _____ we worked together and the day _____ we spent together.
A. when ; which B. which; when
C. what; that D. on which; when
(2)I don’t know the reason ______ you were absent from the meeting, but I am sure that someone will tell me the reason ______ you haven’t told me.
A. why; that B. that; why
C. because; which D. of which; that
如何确定定语从句的关系词
(3)This is the room _______ he lived.
This is the room _______________ he visited.
where
that/which
如何确定关系词
1.先找先行词
2.看关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分
(1) When she came back from abroad, Lucy told us about the cities and the people ______ she had visited.
A. that B. who C. where D. which
(2) There are three things ______ make Sydney famous, its beautiful harbor, the
Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Sydney Opera House.
A. what B. that C. when D. where
(3) He gave me a call, telling me everything ______ he saw on the way to Beijing.
A. what B. that
C. when D. where
(4) It is the very village ______ the anti-Japanese army fought over 60 years ago.
A. that B. which
C. where D. when
只用that的情况总结：
1.先行词既有人又有物的名词。
2.主句是there be 结构时
3.先行词是不定代词，或被不定代词修饰
4.先行词被 the very，the only 等修饰时
5.先行词前有序数词或形容词、副词的最高级修饰，或先行词本身是序数词或最高级。
6.关系词在定语从句中作表语时
7.当主句是为who、which引导的特殊疑问句时
8.句中有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which时，另一个用that
(1) Is this the dictionary _______ you paid five dollars?
A.to which B.for which C. on which D.that
(2) American women usually identify their best friend as someone _______ they can talk frequently.
A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
(3) I have many friends, _________ some are businessmen.
of them B.from which
C. who of D. of whom
介词+关系代词 引导的定语从句归纳总结：
1.介词的选用要根据从句中动词、形容词等与介词的习惯搭配而定
2.在由“代词/名词+of+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，先行词指人用whom，指物用which
3.which和whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，这个介词可以放在关系代词之前，也可以放在宾语从句之尾。当介词放句尾时，which可用that代替，whom可用who或that代替
巩固练习