（新教材）高中英语外研版第三册Unit 6　Disaster and hope（课件+练习）

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Suddenly
a
good
idea
occurred(occur)
to
me,
but
I
couldn't
find
any
paper
to
write
on.
2．Now
that
you
have
finished
your
work，you'd
better
have
a
rest.
3．An
earthquake,
which
may
cause
great
damage
is
one
of
the
most
common
natural
disasters
(disaster)．
4．As
long
as
you
have
a
dream,
keep
trying
and
you'll
make
it.
5．Mr.
Green
picked
up
some
French
when
he
was
away
on
a
business
trip
last
year.
6．As
I
looked
through
the
newspapers，I
found
some
useful
information
on
how
to
apply
for
a
good
job.
7．The
fresh
flowers
and
green
trees
announced
(announcement)
that
spring
was
here.
8．If
you
want
to
catch
the
last
train,
you'd
better
set
off
for
the
station
immediately
(immediate)．
9．I
don't
know
how
Mrs.
White
will
react
to
the
news
that
her
son
has
won
the
first
place
in
the
writing
competition.
10．Compared
(compare)
with
his
brother,
he
was
easier
to
get
along
with.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Cities
are
likely
to
be
affected
by
overheating,
thanks
to
something
called
the
urban
heat
island
effect.
Cities
tend
to
be
short
of
trees
which
provide
shade,
and
they
are
covered
with
black
pavement
which
absorbs
heat
from
the
sun.
Think
of
how
it
feels
to
wear
a
dark
shirt
versus
a
white
shirt
on
a
sunny
day.
A
black
shirt
absorbs
light,
heating
you
up.
But
a
white
shirt
reflects
light,
keeping
you
cool.
The
average
temperature
in
a
city
of
a
million
or
more
people
can
be
more
than
5
degrees
F
hotter
than
surrounding
areas.
That
extra
5
degrees
can
turn
a
hot
day
from
uncomfortable
to
deadly.
As
temperatures
rise,
cities
will
be
an
especially
dangerous
place
to
be
during
a
heat
wave.
To
protect
public
health,
city
officials
are
going
to
make
the
city
cooler.
As
part
of
that
effort,
Los
Angeles
is
coating
its
roads
in
CoolSeal,
a
gray
paint
that
keeps
streets
and
parking
lots
10
degrees
cooler
than
black
asphalt
(沥青).
It
will
help
Angelinos
save
money
during
the
summer,
when
air
conditioning
sends
power
bills
soaring.
And
it
will
save
lives
by
lowering
temperatures
and
improving
air
quality.
Hot
weather
worsens
air
pollution
by
turning
car
exhaust
into
smog,
which
can
make
life
miserable
for
people
with
asthma
(哮喘)
and
other
breathing
problems.
Of
course,
LA
will
have
to
do
more
than
paint
over
a
few
streets
to
cool
off
the
city.
Angelinos
will
also
need
to
plant
more
trees
and
apply
white
paint
to
rooftops—at
least
those
not
already
covered
in
solar
panels.
While
LA
is
a
pioneer
of
reflective
streets,
other
cities,
like
New
York,
are
already
experimenting
with
reflective
roofs
or,
like
Melbourne,
lowering
the
temperature
by
planting
trees.
LA
is
hardly
alone
in
its
effort
to
stay
cool.
“This
is
an
urgent
challenge,
and
it's
much
bigger
than
one
person，”said
Mayor
Garcetti
in
a
recent
statement.
“Climate
change
is
a
fact
of
life
that
people
in
Los
Angeles
and
cities
around
the
world
live
with
every
day.”
[语篇解读]　文章主要提出了热岛效应这个概念，然后说明热岛效应带来的危害。
1．Which
of
the
following
contributes
to
the
urban
heat
island
effect
A．Planting
more
trees
in
the
streets.
B．Covering
the
streets
with
white
paint.
C．Applying
reflective
paint
on
rooftops.
D．Furnishing
every
house
with
air
conditioners.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容以及倒数第二段第二句“Angelinos
will
also
need
to
plant
more
trees
and
apply
white
paint
to
rooftops”可知，多植树，把道路刷成白色，以及给屋顶粉刷具有反射性的颜料，这些都是缓解热岛效应的措施，因此A、B和C项均不符合题意。D项意为“给每座房子装空调”，会加重热岛效应，符合题意。
答案：D
2．What
should
the
city
officials
emphasize
during
hot
summer
A．How
to
make
the
city
cooler.
B．Where
to
wear
a
white
shirt.
C．Why
to
coat
the
roads
with
black
paint.
D．When
to
cut
off
the
electricity
supply.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，热岛效应导致市区的温度比郊区高五度，而这会给人们的健康带来致命的危险，因此政府人员在炎热夏季的主要任务就是让城市的温度降下来，因此A项符合题意。
答案：A
3．What
benefit
can
people
gain
from
the
use
of
CoolSeal
A．Increasing
the
indoor
activities.
B．Promoting
the
sale
of
air
conditioners.
C．Making
life
easier
and
more
comfortable.
D．Reducing
the
number
of
cold
days.
解析：根据文章第三段第一句“As
part
of
that
effort,
Los
Angeles
is
coating
its
roads
in
CoolSeal,
a
gray
paint
that
keeps
streets
and
parking
lots
10
degrees
cooler
than
black
asphalt.”和第三句“And
it
will
save
lives
by
lowering
temperatures
and
improving
air
quality.”可知，把洛杉矶的马路涂上一层冷却面，即一种灰色的油漆，可以降低温度并改善空气质量。从而使人们的生活更加轻松舒适。故选C。
答案：C
4．What's
the
main
idea
of
the
passage
A．LA
adopted
many
approaches
to
fight
against
the
heat.
B．LA
calls
on
people
to
fight
against
global
warming.
C．More
and
more
countries
begin
to
plant
trees
in
the
streets.
D．LA
is
painting
its
streets
white
to
keep
the
city
cool.
解析：主旨大意题。文章主要提出了热岛效应这个概念，然后说明热岛效应带来的危害，最后也是文章的中心内容，介绍了洛杉矶为了降温给城市采取的措施——把街道刷成白色，因此D项符合题意。
答案：D
B
We
already
know
the
fastest,
least
expensive
way
to
slow
down
climate
change:
use
less
energy.
With
a
little
effort,
and
not
much
money,
most
of
us
could
reduce
our
energy
diets
by
25
percent
or
more—doing
the
Earth
a
favor
while
also
helping
our
wallets.
Not
long
ago,
my
wife,
PJ,
and
I
tried
a
new
diet—not
to
lose
a
little
weight
but
to
answer
an
annoying
question
about
climate
change.
Scientists
have
reported
recently
that
the
world
is
heating
up
even
faster
than
predicted
only
a
few
years
ago,
and
that
the
consequences
could
be
severe
if
we
don't
keep
reducing
emission
(排放)
of
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
and
other
greenhouse
gases
that
are
trapping
heat
in
our
atmosphere.
We
decided
to
try
an
experiment.
For
one
month
we
recorded
our
personal
emission
of
CO2.
We
wanted
to
see
how
much
we
could
cut
back,
so
we
went
on
a
strict
diet.
The
average
US
household
produces
about
150
pounds
of
CO2
a
day
by
doing
common
things
like
turning
on
air conditioning
or
driving
cars.
That's
more
than
twice
the
European
average
and
almost
five
times
the
global
average,
mostly
because
Americans
drive
more
and
have
bigger
houses.
But
how
much
should
we
try
to
reduce
For
an
answer,
I
checked
with
Tim
Flannery,
author
of
The
Weather
Makers:
How
Man
Is
Changing
the
Climate
and
What
It
Means
for
Life
on
Earth.
In
his
book,
he
had
challenged
readers
to
make
deep
cuts
in
personal
emission
to
keep
the
world
from
reaching
extremely
important
tipping_points,_such
as
the
melting(融化)
of
the
ice
sheets
in
Greenland
or
West
Antarctica.“To
stay
below
that
point,
we
need
to
reduce
CO2
emission
by
80
percent，”he
said.
Good
advice,
I
thought.
I'd
opened
our
bedroom
windows
to
let
the
wind
in.
We'd
gotten
so
used
to
keeping
our
air conditioning
going
around
the
clock.
I'd
almost
forgotten
the
windows
even
opened.
We
should
not
let
this
happen
again.
It's
time
for
us
to
change
our
habits
if
necessary.
[语篇解读]　文章作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动，向我们证明了“节约能源从家庭做起，从我做起”的重要性。
5．Why
did
the
author
and
his
wife
try
a
new
diet
A．To
take
special
kinds
of
food.
B．To
respond
to
climate
change.
C．To
lose
weight.
D．To
improve
their
health.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“not
to
lose
a
little
weight
but
to
answer
an
annoying
question
about
climate
change”可知，作者和妻子这么做的目的是为了应对气候变化。
答案：B
6．The
underlined
words
“tipping
points”
most
probably
refer
to
“________”．
A．freezing
points　　　　　
B．burning
points
C．melting
points
D．boiling
points
解析：词义猜测题。在他的书中，他要读者大幅减少个人温室气体排放量，以免世界来到“熔点”，下面给出的例子“such
as
the
melting
of
the
ice
sheets
in
Greenland
or
West
Antarctica”，可以判断出C项正确。
答案：C
7．According
to
the
passage,
Tim
Flannery________.
A．made
deep
cuts
in
his
personal
emission
of
CO2
B．wrote
a
book
about
the
climate
change
C．succeeded
in
reducing
CO2
emission
by
80
percent
D．was
an
author
popular
among
readers
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句可知，
Tim
Flannery的书是有关气候变化的，故B项正确。
答案：B
8．Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
this
passage
A．Saving
Energy
Starts
at
Home
B．Changing
Our
Habits
Begins
at
Work
C．Changing
Climate
Sounds
Reasonable
D．Reducing
Emission
of
CO2
Proves
Difficult
解析：标题归纳题。文章作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动，向我们证明了“节约能源从家庭做起，从我做起”的重要性。
答案：A
Ⅲ.完形填空
Back
in
1981
I
was
working
at
the
University
of
Bonn
in
Germany.I
__1__
some
time
off
in
early
May
to
visit
a
friend
in
Viterbo，in
central
__2__.
The
train
stopped
in
Rome.
I
was
lucky，as
my
hotel
was
close
to
the
railway
station.The
next
morning，I
__3__
to
visit
as
many
of
the
famous
Roman
landmarks
as
possible.
The
following
day
I
headed
back
to
the
station，planning
to
take
a
short
ride
to
Viterbo.When
I
arrived
at
the
station
and
tried
to
__4__
the
correct
platform，I
quickly
realised
that
the
station
was
__5__
for
an
upgrade(升级)．For
a
moment
my
mind
went
__6__.My
biggest
__7__
was
my
luggage—my
suitcase
and
hand
luggage
were
heavy，so
I
couldn't
move
about
easily.I
dragged
my
suitcase
about
100
metres
to
a
nearby
worker.
A
tall
man
of
about
50
years
of
age
was
working
there
and
I
__8__
myself
and
asked
where
the
nearest
station
was.I
am
sure
that
he
did
not
understand
me
__9__，but
he
could
easily
guess
that
I
was
looking
for
a
station.He
replied，but
I
did
not
understand.
He
smiled
and
said
something，__10__
I
guessed
to
mean
“Come
along！”He
opened
the
door
of
his
car，motioned
to
me
to
get
__11__
and
then
drove
for
a
few
minutes
to
the
next
station.I
got
out，unloaded
my
luggage，then
shook
his
hand
with
thanks.He
smiled
back
and
drove
away.
There
was
no
time
to
__12__
names.
I
understood
that
he
was
in
the
__13__
of
his
work.I
was
__14__
so
much
by
his
generosity
(慷慨)
that
I
have
never
forgotten
him.He
was
working
and
could
have
easily
__15__
me
but，instead，he
chose
to
help.
Thank
you，Mr.
Italy!
[语篇解读]　1981年，作者在德国波恩大学工作。五月初，作者去意大利中部的维泰博拜访一位朋友。文章叙述了作者去维泰博的途中得到一位陌生男士慷慨帮助的经历。
1．A.took　　　　　　　　
B．needed
C．passed
D．got
解析：根据空后的“to
visit
a
friend
in
Viterbo”可知，这里是说作者休了几天假去维泰博拜访了一位朋友。take
time
off意为“休假”。故选A项。
答案：A
2．A.Bonn
B．Germany
C．Italy
D．Rome
解析：根据最后一句“Thank
you，Mr.
Italy！”可知，这里是说五月初，作者去意大利中部的维泰博拜访一位朋友。故选C项。
答案：C
3．A.went
over
B．looked
around
C．turned
away
D．set
out
解析：根据空后的“to
visit
as
many
of
the
famous
Roman
landmarks
as
possible”可知，此处是说作者出发去参观尽可能多的著名罗马地标建筑。go
over意为“检查”；look
around意为“向四周看”；turn
away意为“转身”；set
out意为“出发，开始”。故选D项。
答案：D
4．A.build
B．locate
C．leave
D．go
解析：根据语境可知，此处是说作者到达车站后试图找到(locate)正确的站台。locate意为“找出……的准确位置”。故选B项。
答案：B
5．A.closed
B．removed
C．designed
D．named
解析：根据下文的“asked
where
the
nearest
station
was”作者寻找其他车站可知，当作者到达车站并试图找到正确的站台时，她很快意识到车站因为升级而关闭了。故选A项。
答案：A
6．A.crazy
B．fire
C．wild
D．blank
解析：根据语境可知，有那么一会儿，作者的脑子一片空白。go
blank意为“(脑子里)突然一片空白”。故选D项。
答案：D
7．A.concern
B．problem
C．complaint
D．mistake
解析：根据后面的“my
suitcase
and
hand
luggage
were
heavy，so
I
couldn't
move
about
easily”可知，作者的行李箱和手提行李太重是最大的问题，她不能轻易移动。故选B项。
答案：B
8．A.enjoyed
B．expressed
C．repeated
D．excused
解析：根据空后的“asked
where
the
nearest
station
was”可知，此处作者走向一个大约50岁的正在工作的高个子男人，然后说了句抱歉并询问最近的车站在哪里。excuse
me意为“抱歉，打扰一下”，这里主语是I，所以宾语用反身代词myself。故选D项。
答案：D
9．A.properly
B．quickly
C．finally
D．immediately
解析：根据空后的“but
he
could
easily
guess
that
I
was
looking
for
a
station”可知，作者敢肯定他没有完全理解她说的话，但他很容易猜到作者在找一个车站。properly意为“完全地”。故选A项。
答案：A
10．A.what
B．where
C．which
D．why
解析：句意为：他笑着说了什么，我猜他的意思是在说“过来！”。which指代something。故选C项。
答案：C
11．A.off
B．in
C．over
D．past
解析：根据空前的“He
opened
the
door
of
his
car”和下文的“I
got
out”可知，他打开车门，示意作者上车。get
off意为“离开”；get
in意为“进入”；get
over意为“克服”；get
past意为“通过”。故选B项。
答案：B
12．A.spell
B．exchange
C．choose
D．remember
解析：根据前文作者问路时男人还在工作和最后的“Thank
you，Mr.
Italy！”可知，作者跟那个男人没有时间交换姓名。故选B项。
答案：B
13．A.middle
B．form
C．absence
D．face
解析：根据前文中“A
tall
man...was
working
there”可知，此处是说作者问路时男人正在做他的工作。be
in
the
middle
of
sth.意为“正忙于某事”。故选A项。
答案：A
14．A.worried
B．shocked
C．excited
D．moved
解析：根据语境和空后的“so
much
by
his
generosity
that
I
have
never
forgotten
him”可知，此处是说作者被他的慷慨所感动(moved)，从未忘记过他。故选D项。
答案：D
15．A.trusted
B．ignored
C．driven
D．informed
解析：根据空前的“He
was
working”可知，作者问路时他在工作，本可以忽视作者的求助但他选择帮助她。ignore意为“忽视”。故选B项。
答案：BⅠ.单句语法填空
1．Many
animals
are_threatened
(threaten)with
extinction
as
a
result
of
human
activity
now.
2．All
the
work
finished(finish),
the
workers
left
the
factory.
3．This
young
man
is
considered
to
be
the
most
reliable
(rely)
person
in
this
company.
4．—Jack,
where
is
Tom
—Sorry,
I
don't
know.
But
I
will
tell
him
that
you
want
to
see
him
the
moment
he
comes
back.
5．When
travelling
they
were
trapped
in
the
mountain,
waiting
to_be_rescued
(rescue)．
6．Though
she
comes
from
a
big
city,
she
still
keeps
up
the
tradition
of
working
hard.
7．Don't
be
cheated
by
products
claiming
to_help
(help)
to
lose
weight
in
a
week.
8．Whatever
you
say，I
won't
believe
you
any
longer
because
you
are
always
telling
lies.
9．This
latest
teaching
equipment
in
our
class
is
said
to_have_cost
(cost)
a
lot
of
money.
10．As
we
all
know,
the
UK
is
a
country
consisting
(consist)
of
four
parts.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
As
sea
levels
climb,
even
Washington
D.
C.
could
see
more
frequent
and
widespread
flooding
at
high
tide.
Strong
storms
and
high
winds
sometimes
bring
floods
to
coastal
areas.
But
cities
and
towns
along
the
US
East
Coast
are
flooding
even
in
calm
and
sunny
weather.
Among
them
is
Maryland's
capital
Annapolis.
Tourists
there
must
sometimes
walk
through
water
flooding
downtown
streets
surrounding
the
harbor.
Sometimes
water
covers
roads
in
Atlantic
City,
N.
J.
Even
the
yards
and
basements
of
coastal
homes
near
New
York
City
sometimes
flood.
All
are
suffering
from
this
trend—normal
high
tides
surpass
(超过)
a
rising
sea
level.
Sea
levels
have
climbed,
on
average,
about
20
centimeters
(8
inches)
over
the
past
135
years.
And
a
sharp
increase
in
tide
flooding
is
one
of
the
more
visible
impacts
affecting
many
coastal
areas,
notes
William
Sweet,
an
oceanographer.
Sweet
and
his
co workers
recently
analyzed
data
from
45
tide
gauges
(计量表)
along
the
US
coasts.
These
tools
record
the
changing
heights
of
tides
as
they
rise
and
fall.
From
these
data,
Sweet's
team
calculated
the
number
of“troublesome
floods”
in
various
coastal
cities.
These
floods,
Sweet
explains,
typically
occur
when
water
level
is
about
30
centimeters
(1
foot)
above
the
historic
level
of
the
highest
tides.
In
June
2014,
the
team
reported
finding
a
growing
rise
in
these
flooding
events.
In
Charleston,
S．C,
from
1957
to
1963,
the
city
experienced
troublesome
floods
an
average
of
4.6
days
per
year.
But
from
2007
to
2013,
the
occurring
rate
of
troublesome
floods
jumped
five
times.
Annapolis
city
was
even
more
serious.
From
1957
to
1963,
troublesome
floods
were
roughly
3.8
days
per
year.
From
2007
to
2013,
the
average
was
10
times
higher—39.3
days
a
year.
“Over
the
next
few
decades,
climate
change
probably
drives
sea
levels
even
higher，”Sweet
says.“So
today's
flooding
problems
promise
to
become
only
more
widespread
and
frequent.”
[语篇解读]　本文向我们说明了随着海平面的上升，洪水发生得更频繁、更广泛，并列举了洪水带来的灾难，科学家们对洪水问题的研究，同时说明了气候变化对洪水的影响。
1．What
is
Paragraph
2
mainly
developed
by
A．Using
examples.
B．Analyzing
causes.
C．Making
comparisons.
D．Following
time
order.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Tourists
there
must
sometimes
walk
through
water
flooding
downtown
streets
surrounding
the
harbor.
Sometimes
water
covers
roads
in
Atlantic
City,
N．J.
Even
the
yards
and
basements
of
coastal
homes
near
New
York
City
sometimes
flood.”可知本段是通过举例子来说明强风暴所带来的影响，所以A选项是正确的。
答案：A
2．Why
are
more
flooding
problems
caused
A．Because
the
river
levels
have
been
climbing.
B．Because
climate
has
changed
over
the
years.
C．Because
the
weather
conditions
are
not
stable.
D．Because
people
are
living
too
close
to
harbors.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Over
the
next
few
decades，climate
change
probably
drives
sea
levels
even
higher，”Sweet
says.“So
today's
flooding
problems
promise
to
become
only
more
widespread
and
frequent.”可知近年来洪水给我们造成了很多问题是因为气候变化。所以B选项是正确的。
答案：B
3．What
can
be
inferred
according
to
the
data
in
Paragraph
5
A．There
has
been
a
growing
rise
in
these
analyzed
flooding
events.
B．The
changes
of
heights
of
tides
are
usually
in
a
small
range.
C．The
floods
in
coastal
cities
often
occur
when
water
level
is
above
1
foot.
D．The
number
of
troublesome
floods
gradually
gets
less.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“But
from
2007
to
2013,
the
occurring
rate
of
troublesome
floods
jumped
five
times.
Annapolis
city
was
even
more
serious.
From
1957
to
1963,
troublesome
floods
were
roughly
3.8
days
per
year.
From
2007
to
2013，the
average
was
10
times
higher—39.3
days
a
year.”可知本段是通过列举一些数据向我们分析了洪水发生的事件在不断增加，所以A选项是正确的。
答案：A
4．What
is
the
text
mainly
about
A．Sweet's
team.
B．A
flood
research.
C．The
US
East
Coast.
D．American
oceanographers.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文是关于洪水的研究，所以B选项是正确的。
答案：B
B
No
doubt
there
are
ups
and
downs
in
life.
Whatever
the
situation
is,
you
shouldn't
lose
your
joy
of
life.
Life
is
for
a
limited
period
only
and
no
one
knows
how
long
he/she
will
live,
so
why
do
you
waste
your
precious
time
in
worrying
about
the
things
that
are
beyond
your
control
Be
happy,
and
enjoy
your
life
unconditionally
(无条件地)．
You
enjoy
good
days
but
you
also
need
to
learn
how
to
enjoy
bad
days,
even
enjoy
your
pain.
In
2016
when
I
was
in
Geneva,
Switzerland,
I
suffered
a
sudden
heart
attack.
My
colleagues
called
an
ambulance
and
I
was
taken
to
hospital
with
much
pain
in
my
chest.
Before
reaching
hospital,
I
was
totally
exhausted
with
pain
and
was
going
to
lose
control
of
my
emotions.
Then
the
doctor
in
the
ambulance
said,
“Don't
worry;
you
are
in
safe
hands.”
His
words
took
away
all
my
pain
because
I
started
realizing
that
it
was
no
time
to
worry
about
pain
and
it's
time
to
be
happy
that
my
life
was
safe.
At
that
time,
I
learnt
an
important
lesson
that
in
pain
there
is
a
hidden
joy
and
whoever
sees
the
bright
side
can
enjoy
pain.
My
pain
turned
into
a
joy
which
greatly
helped
me
recover
more
quickly
than
expected.
You
not
only
enjoy
success
but
you
also
need
to
learn
to
enjoy
failure.
Failure
provides
you
with
an
opportunity
to
benefit
from
so
many
choices
you've
made.
Celebrating
failure
will
raise
your
morale
and
make
you
more
powerful
and
determined
to
achieve
success.
We
all
make
mistakes
in
life
but
only
the
courageous
(勇敢的)
people
not
only
laugh
at
their
own
mistakes
but
also
let
other
people
laugh
at
them
and
then
they
reach
success
without
any
spiritual
burden
(负担).
A
person
who
learns
from
mistakes
and
knows
how
to
turn
the
bad
situation
into
his/her
favor
is
the
most
intelligent
person
and
really
enjoys
his/her
life.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。人生短暂，我们要珍惜宝贵的时间，即使在困境中也要无条件地享受生活。
5．What
does
the
author
mainly
tell
us
in
the
first
paragraph
A．Life
is
full
of
ups
and
downs.
B．People's
lives
only
last
a
limited
period.
C．We
should
enjoy
our
life
unconditionally.
D．Bad
situations
can
be
changed
into
good
ones.
解析：主旨大意题。作者在第一段里说生活总会有起伏，但人生短暂，我们没必要为不可控制的事情担忧，不要失去生活的乐趣，应该无条件地享受生活。无条件地享受生活是作者在本文提出的论点。
答案：C
6．Why
did
the
author
still
feel
happy
when
experiencing
much
pain
A．His
colleagues
were
always
with
him.
B．He
could
be
looked
after
by
his
parents.
C．He
planned
to
enjoy
the
last
days
in
life.
D．His
doctor
made
him
realize
the
value
of
being
alive.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His
words...it's
time
to
be
happy
that
my
life
was
safe.”可知，医生的话使作者意识到，他不应该为疼痛而担忧，而应该为仍然活着而高兴。
答案：D
7．The
underlined
word
“morale”
in
Paragraph
3
is
closest
in
meaning
to
“________”．
A．talent　　　　　　　
B．confidence
C．pleasure
D．inspiration
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“make
you
more
powerful
and
determined
to
achieve
success”可知，作者是说庆祝失败可以增加你的“信心”，使你更有力量，更有决心去取得胜利。
答案：B
8．The
author
thinks
that
the
wisest
person________.
A．never
laughs
at
others
B．has
strong
determination
C．is
ready
to
do
others
a
favor
D．is
good
at
learning
from
mistakes
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A
person
who
learns
from
mistakes...is
the
most
intelligent
person
and
really
enjoys
his/her
life.”可知，作者认为善于从错误中学习，懂得将不好的境况转变为自己的优势的人是最聪明的人，也是真正会享受生活的人。
答案：D
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Today
we
take
a
look
at
the
word“smart”．If
someone
says
you
are
smart，what
do
they
mean？Is
it
a
good
thing
or
something
bad？　1　
This
is
because
the
word
“smart”
has
many
meanings.
For
example，someone
could
say
you
look
smart
or
are
dressed
smartly.That
means
they
like
your
physical
appearance
or
what
you
are
wearing.
But
if
something
smarts，it
can
be
unkind
or
hurtful，either
physically
or
mentally.If
you
accidentally
trip
over
a
chair
and
fall
down，you
might
shout，“Ow！That
smarts！”Or
if
a
friend
says
something
that
hurts
your
feelings，you
can
say
you
are
smarting
from
the
hurtful
comments.
　2　
If
you
are
standing
too
close
to
a
campfire，you
could
say
your
eyes
are
smarting
from
the
smoke
of
the
fire.Here
the
word
“smarting”
means
feeling
a
sharp
pain.
　3　
If
someone
is
smart
as
a
whip，they
are
able
to
think
very
quickly.
　4　
Some
people
are
considered
street smart.They
may
not
have
a
strong
education.But
they
are
good
at
dealing
with
people
and
problems
in
the
real
world.Other
people
might
be
book smart.This
means
they
have
spent
many
years
in
school.But
they
may
not
be
so
smart
when
dealing
with
people
or
real world
problems.
And
then
there
is
a
definition
of
smart
that
means
to
talk
or
behave
disrespectfully.If
you
say
something
disrespectful
to
your
parents，they
might
say，“Don't
get
smart
with
me！”Here，“smart”means
showing
a
lack
of
respect
by
saying
something
unkind.This
definition
of
smart
can
also
be
used
as
a
verb.
　5　
A．Do
they
really
mean
you
are
smart
B．The
answer
is
not
as
easy
as
you
might
think.
C．People
have
different
attitudes
towards
being
smart.
D．In
fact，maybe
that
person
is
no
longer
your
friend.
E．But
the
most
common
meaning
of“smart”is
to
be
intelligent.
F．However，different
people
have
different
ways
of
being
smart.
G．If
you
smart
off
to
the
wrong
people，they
could
hit
you
in
the
face.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了smart这个词的几个含义。
1．解析：根据上文“If
someone
says
you
are
smart，what
do
they
mean？Is
it
a
good
thing
or
something
bad？”和设空处后的“This
is
because
the
word
‘smart’
has
many
meanings.”可知，设空处应是对问句的回答或是“smart”有多种含义的结果。B项(答案可能并不像你想的那么容易)承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
答案：B　
2．解析：根据上文“Or
if
a
friend
says
something
that
hurts
your
feelings，you
can
say
you
are
smarting
from
the
hurtful
comments.”可知，设空处应说明被朋友伤害后的结果。D项(事实上，也许那个人不再是你的朋友了)承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。
答案：D
3．解析：根据下文“If
someone
is
smart
as
a
whip，they
are
able
to
think
very
quickly.”可知此处应该说smart具有“聪明的”含义。E项(但是，“smart”最常见的含义是“聪明的”)符合语境。故选E项。
答案：E
4．解析：根据设空处后的“Some
people
are
considered
street smart.”以及本段第五句“Other
people
might
be
book smart.”可知，本段讲了两种聪明：处世聪明和读书聪明。F项(然而，不同的人有不同方式的聪明)引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。
答案：F
5．解析：根据本段第一句和设空处前一句“This
definition
of
smart
can
also
be
used
as
a
verb.”可知，此处应该说明smart表示“不敬”时的动词用法。G项中的smart为动词，承接上文，符合语境。
答案：G(共35张PPT)
Section
Ⅰ　Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
课前
自主学习
课堂
合作探究
随堂
即时巩固
课后
限时训练
基础知识自测
重点词汇
写作词汇
1.
n.
灾难，灾祸
2.
adj.
(用于数字后面表示)多，余
3.
v.
发生
拓展词汇
4.
v.
(火山)爆发，喷发→
n．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发
5.
adv.
即刻，马上→
adj.
立即的；即刻的
6.
n.
通告，公告→
vt.宣布；通告
disaster　
plus
　
occur　
erupt　
eruption　
immediately　
immediate
announcement　
announce
阅读词汇
7.tube
n.
8.hurricane
n．
重点短语
1.
对……作出反应　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2．
捡起，拿起
3．
与……相比较，与……相比
4.
及时赶到……
5.
浏览
6.
终究；毕竟
管子　
飓风
react
to　
pick
up　
compared
to/with
make
it
to　
look
through
　
after
all
重点句型
now
that引导的原因状语从句
___________________________________________
(既然很难在地球上避免灾难),
perhaps
I
should
start
thinking
about
moving
to
space...
Now
that
it's
hard
to
avoid
a
disaster
on
Earth
课文阅读理解
Ⅰ.Read
the
text
and
match
the
main
idea
of
the
paragraphs.
1．Paragraph
1　A．The
author's
feeling
after
walking
out
of
the
Tube.
2．Paragraph
2
B．What
the
author
finds
and
feels
before
entering
the
Tube.
3．Paragraph
3
C．The
strange
ideas
of
the
author
in
the
Tube.
4．Paragraph
4
D．The
author's
experience
inside
the
Tube.
5．Paragraph
5
E．The
shocking
news
about
the
disaster
from
the
newspaper.
答案：1.B　2.D　3.C　4.E　5.A
Ⅱ.Read
the
text
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answers
according
to
the
text.
1．What
can
we
learn
from
the
text
A．There
is
a
volcano
in
London
erupting
now.
B．The
working
place
will
move
to
the
top
floor.
C．The
author
wants
to
sell
his
flat
and
buy
a
boat.
D．The
temperature
in
London
is
higher
than
before.
2．What
do
we
know
about
the
Central
Line
in
London
A．It
was
built
earlier
than
most
of
the
other
lines.
B．The
air
conditioning
was
invented
earlier
than
it.
C．Going
down
on
the
stairs
is
hard
for
the
passengers.
D．It
was
the
hottest
and
deepest
on
the
world's
Tube
system.
3．Why
does
the
author
feel
uncomfortable
in
the
Tube
A．Because
he
is
wearing
a
suit
today.
B．Because
he
had
special
food
for
breakfast.
C．Because
he
can
make
it
to
Bank
station
soon.
D．Because
there
are
many
people
and
much
hot
air.
4．Why
does
the
author
feel
good
after
walking
out
of
the
Tube
A．Because
he
has
been
worrying
too
much.
B．Because
he
is
moving
to
space.
C．Because
he
feels
cooler
outside.
D．Because
his
destination
is
here
now.
答案：1.D　2.A　3.D　4.C
Ⅲ.Analyze
the
following
difficult
sentences
in
the
text.
1．Sure
enough,
going
down
the
stairs
and
onto
the
platform
is
like
jumping
into
a
volcano
that's
erupting.
[句式分析]本句是简单句。“going
down
the
stairs
and
onto
the
platform”是动名词短语作____________；that's
erupting为省略了引导词that或which的____________从句。
[尝试翻译]_________________________________________________
主语　
定语
果然，下楼梯上月台就像跳进一座正在喷发的火山。
2．Looking
through
my
newspaper,
I'm
shocked
by
photos
showing
that
a
hurricane
in
Asia
has
destroyed
a
town.
[句式分析]本句为主从复合句。“Looking
through
my
newspaper”为现在分词短语作____________；主句中的“showing
that
a
hurricane
in
Asia
has
destroyed
a
town”为________________作定语，修饰photos；分词短语中的“that
a
hurricane
in
Asia
has
destroyed
a
town”是________从句。
[尝试翻译]___________________________________________________________
__________
时间状语　
现在分词短语　
宾语
翻阅报纸的时候，我对亚洲的飓风摧毁了一个城镇的照片感到
震惊。
1．compared
with/to...和……比起来，与……相比
(教材P62)
This,
however,
is
nothing
compared
to
the
train.
然而，与火车相比，这算不了什么。
Compared
to/with
your
brother，you
should
make
greater
efforts
to
study
English.
和你哥哥相比，你应该更加努力地学习英语。
[归纳拓展]
(1)
compare...with/and...把……和……加以比较
compare...to...
把……比作……
(2)
comparison
n.
比较；对比
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
①Many
parents
like
comparing
their
own
children
____________
their
friends'
children.
②As
a
famous
saying
goes，“Life
is
compared
______
a
voyage.”
③____________
(compare)
his
camera
with
mine，I
find
mine
is
better.
＝____________
(compare)
his
camera
with
mine，and
I
find
mine
is
better.
＝____________
(compare)
with/to
his
camera,
I
find
mine
is
better.
with　
to　
Comparing　
Compare　
Compared
2．make
it
成功；及时赶到
(教材P62)I
hope
I
can
make
it
to
Bank
station...I'll
avoid
the
feeling
by
thinking
about
work.
我希望我能及时赶到银行站……我会通过思考工作来避开这种感觉。
We
have
the
dream
and
work
hard.
We
will
make
it!
我们有梦想、肯努力。我们就会成功。
[归纳拓展]
make
up　　　　　　　　　编造，虚构；组成，构成；和解
make
up
for
弥补；偿还
make
use
of
利用
make
out
理解；弄清
make
up
one's
mind
(to
do)
下决心(做某事)　
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
①The
flight
leaves
in
twenty
minutes—we'll
never
make_______.
②We
don't
like
him
because
he
is
always
making
_______
excuses
whenever
he
makes
mistakes.
③I
heard
voices,
but
couldn't
make
_____
what
they
were
saying.
④Caroline
doesn't
have
a
gift
for
music,
but
she
makes
up
_______
it
with
hard
work.
it　
up　
out　
for
3．look
through浏览；仔细检查
(教材P63)Looking
through
my
newspaper,
I'm
shocked
by
photos
showing
that
a
hurricane
in
Asia
has
destroyed
a
town.
翻阅报纸的时候，我对亚洲的飓风摧毁了一个城镇的照片感到震惊。
Would
you
please
look
through
the
paper
for
me
and
see
if
there
are
any
mistakes
你可以帮我浏览一下这篇论文，看看里面是否有一些错误吗？
[归纳拓展]
get
through　　通过(考试等)；接通电话；完成；用完
go
through
获准，经过程序；通过；经历；详细检查
break
through
冲破，突破
live
through
经历
[能力提升]——完成句子
①I
must
____________
these
bills
and
check
them
before
I
pay
them.
我必须在付款前查看并核对一下这些账单。
②The
scientists
hope_________________
soon
in
the
research
for
a
cure
for
cancer.
科学家们希望不久在研究癌症治愈方法方面会有突破。
③I've
been
trying
to
phone
Charles
all
evening,
but
there
must
be
something
wrong
with
the
network;
I
can't
seem
________________.
我一晚上都在打电话给Charles，但是网络肯定有问题，所以我不能接通。
④With
someone
I
love
I
can
____________all
the
hardships
of
life
together.
和我爱的人在一起，我可以和他一起渡过生活中的一切难关。
look
through　
to
break
through　
to
get
through　
go
through
4．occur
v.
发生，出现；想起
(教材P63)Experts
say
this
bad
weather
has
occurred
due
to
climate
change.
专家说这种坏天气是由于气候变化造成的。
Flu
often
occurs
in
winter
and
spring.
流感经常发生在冬季和春季。
[归纳拓展]
sth.
occurs
to
sb.　　　某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到……
It
occurs
to
sb.that.../to
do
sth....
某人突然想起……
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
①I
was
going
along
the
street
looking
for
a
place
to
park
when
an
accident
____________
(occur)．
②When
he
lost
his
way
in
the
forest
last
week,
it
occurred
to
him
____________
(phone)
the
police.
③______
occurred
to
him
that
he
had
an
important
meeting
to
attend
the
next
morning.
occurred　
to
phone　
It
[温馨提示]
表示“某人想到……”
还可以用下列句式：
It
strikes/hits
sb.that...
sth.
strikes
sb.
sth.
comes
to
sb.
sb.hits
on/upon
sth.
5．announcement
n．通告，公告
(教材P63)
“The
next
station
is
Bank！”
comes
the
announcement.
“下一站是银行站！”广播通知说。
I
read
the
announcement
of
the
summer
camp
that
you
have
posted
on
the
Internet
and
I
am
interested
in
it.
阅读了你们在网上公布的夏令营布告，对此我很感兴趣。
[归纳拓展]
(1)
make
an
announcement　　　宣布
(2)
announce
vt.
宣布；通告；预示
announce
sth.
to
sb.
向某人宣告某事
It
is
announced
that...
据宣布……
(3)
announcer
n.
播音员，广播员
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
①We
all
held
our
breath
while
Mr.Evans
__________
(announce)
the
exam
results.
②The
talks
are
continuing,
but
no
___________________
(announce)
are
expected
at
this
time.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③___________________
there'll
be
a
celebration
on
National
Day.
据宣布国庆节要举行庆祝会。
announced　
announcements　
It
is
announced
that
now
that引导的原因状语从句
(教材P63)Now
that
it's
hard
to
avoid
a
disaster
on
Earth,
perhaps
I
should
start
thinking
about
moving
to
space...
既然地球上很难避免灾难，也许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去……
Now
(that)
you've
passed
your
test
you
can
drive
on
your
own.
既然你已经通过驾驶考试，你可以独自开车了。
[归纳拓展]
句中now
that
用作连词，引导原因状语从句，口语中that可省略，相当于since，
强调人们已知的事实。because比now
that/since表示的原因更直接。
[能力提升]——完成句子
Now
that
you
are
grown
up,
you
shouldn't
depend
on
your
parents.
既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母。
[温馨提示]
表示“原因”的其他短语：
due
to/owing
to/on
account
of
由于，因为
because
of因为(在句中作状语或表语)
thanks
to
由于，多亏(在句中作状语)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Heat
the
glass
____________
(管子)to
the
point
that
it
can
bend.
2．It's
many
years
since
Mount
Vesuvius'
last
____________________
(爆发)．
3．Attention
please,
everyone.
I
have
an
________________
(通告)
to
make.
4．An
unexpected
storm
____________(发生)
when
we
were
enjoying
the
pleasant
voyage
at
the
Yellow
Sea.
tube　
eruption
　
announcement　
occurred
5．One
million
and
five
hundred
thousand
people
died
in
natural
____________(灾害)
between
2016
and
2019.
6．The
little
boy
knows
that
five
____________(加)
five
equals
ten.
7．We've
just
heard
a
warning
on
the
radio
that
a
___________
(飓风)
is
likely
to
come.
8．Whenever
you
have
a
practical
plan，just
carry
it
out
____________
(立刻)．
disasters
　
plus
　
hurricane　
immediately
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．既然你有机会，就该充分利用。
________________________________，
you
might
as
well
make
full
use
of
it.
2．我正要进餐厅时，突然想到我没有锁车。
I
was
about
to
go
into
the
restaurant
when
____________________
I
had
not
locked
the
car.
3．真遗憾，汤姆不能来参加这次聚会了。
It
is
a
shame
that
Tom
can't
____________________.
Now
that
you've
got
a
chance
it
occurred
to
me
that
make
it
to
the
party
4．浏览一下杂志，看看有没有你能贴到海报上的图片。
________________________
to
find
pictures
that
you
can
stick
on
your
poster.
5．和我们的小公寓相比，比尔的房子就像是宫殿。
____________________
our
small
flat，Bill's
house
seemed
like
a
palace.
Look
through
magazines
Compared
with/to
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Today,
the
temperature
of
London
1.____________
(expect)
to
reach
30
plus
degrees!
You
may
find
the
articles
2.____________
the
same
title
“Hot！Hot！Hot！”
in
the
newspapers.
The
Central
Line
is
one
of
the
oldest
3.____________(line)and
one
of
the
deepest.Going
down
the
stairs
and
onto
the
platform
makes
it
hard
for
you
to
breathe
and
it
is
nothing
4.____________
(compare)
to
the
train.Some
of
the
passengers
in
it
feel
5.____________
bit
sick
is
expected　
with　
lines　
compared　
a
and
they
hope
they
can
make
6.____________
to
their
destination
soon.
Each
summer
in
London
definitely
seems
7.____________
(hot)
than
the
last.
Perhaps
it
is
time
8.____________
(start)
planning
for
the
future.
9.____________
(fortunate),
if
you
step
out
of
the
station,
you
10.____________
(feel)
a
fresh
wind
on
your
face.
it　
hotter　
to
start　
Fortunately　
will
feel
课后
限时训练(共8张PPT)
单元知识目标
(1)重点词汇：disaster;
tube;
plus;
erupt;
immediately;
hurricane;
occur;
announcement;
forecast;
grab;
reliable;
rescue;
emergency;
claim;
crisis;
threaten;
satellite;
precisely;
billion;
lap;
nowhere;
otherwise;
midnight;
county;
threat;
property;
sufficient;
shelter
(2)重点短语：look
through;
fly
off;
all
of
a
sudden;
keep
on;
have
yet
to
(3)单元语法：省略
(4)单元写作：指导性说明文
课前·情境导入
全球变暖和全球变冷都可怕，但是相对而言，全球变暖应该是更可怕的。现在地球的年平均温度为15摄氏度，为适宜气候，如果温度大幅变化，无论是升高还是降低，都将带来很多影响。
Climate
change
may
make
parts
of
the
Middle
East
too
hot
for
human
beings,
according
to
a
new
study.
Researchers
from
the
Max
Planck
Institute
for
Chemistry
and
the
Cyprus
Institute
have
studied
weather
conditions
in
the
Middle
East
since
1970.The
researchers
say
“very
hot”
days
in
the
area
have
doubled
over
that
period.
Right
now,
over
500
million
people
live
there.
“In
the
future,
the
climate
in
large
parts
of
the
Middle
East
and
North
Africa
could
change...”
says
Jos
Lelieveld,
director
at
the
Max
Planck
Institute
and
a
professor
at
the
Cyprus
Institute.
He
added
that
because
temperatures
could
get
so
high,
those
living
in
the
area
could
be
at
risk.
Researchers
say
temperatures
in
summer
in
the
Middle
East
and
North
Africa
will
continue
rising.
The
nights
and
days
will
be
hotter,
too.
The
researchers
believe
that
by
2050,
temperatures
will
not
fall
below
30
degrees
Celsius
at
night
in
the
hottest
part
of
summer.
During
this
period,
day time
temperatures
could
rise
to
46
degrees
Celsius.
Extreme
heat
could
continue
past
the
middle
of
the
21st
century.
Researchers
think
temperatures
in
the
middle
of
the
day
could
reach
as
high
as
50
Celsius.
Heat
waves
could
increase,
and
those
hot
periods
are
likely
to
last
longer.
“If
mankind
continues
to
release
carbon
dioxide
as
it
does
now,
people
living
in
the
Middle
East
and
North
Africa
will
have
to
expect
about
200
unusually
hot
days，”
says
Panos
Hadjinicolaou,
a
climate
change
expert
with
the
Cyprus
Institute.
The
researchers
also
looked
at
the
amount
of
“fine
particulate
air
pollution”
in
the
Middle
East.
They
found
that
the
amount
of
dust
in
the
atmosphere
over
Saudi
Arabia,
Iraq
and
Syria
jumped
70
percent
since
the
start
of
the
century.
This,
they
say,
could
have
resulted
from
an
increase
in
the
number
of
sand
storms
caused
by
climate
change.
The
researchers
created
two
models.
In
one
model,
rising
temperatures
are
limited
because
of
reductions
in
greenhouse
gases.
Studies
have
linked
production
of
such
gases
to
rising
temperatures.
The
other
model
is
said
to
be
a
“business
as
usual”
model
where
nothing
is
done
to
stop
climate
change.
Under
both
models,
the
future
of
the
Middle
East
is
not
good,
the
researchers
say.
They
added
that
climate
change
can
result
in
a
slow
worsening
of
living
conditions
for
people
in
North
Africa
and
the
Middle
East.
They
also
said
sooner
or
later,
many
people
may
have
to
leave
the
region.(共37张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ　Integrating
skills
&
Developing
ideas
课前
自主学习
课堂
合作探究
随堂
即时巩固
课后
限时训练
基础知识自测
重点词汇
写作词汇
1.
v.
预测，预报　　　　　　　　
2.
v.
营救，解救
3.
v.
(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)
4.
n.
危机
5.
num.
十亿
forecast　
rescue　
claim　
crisis　
billion
6.
adv.
什么地方都不，无处
7.
n.
子夜，午夜
8.
n．(美国等国家的)县；(英国的)郡
拓展词汇
9.
adj.
可信赖的，可靠的→
vt.依赖；信赖
10.
v.
威胁到，危及→
n．威胁，可能会带来危险的人(事)
11.
adv.
精确地，准确地→
adj.准确的，
确切的，
精确的
nowhere　
midnight　
county　
reliable
　
rely　
threaten
　
threat　
precisely　
precise
阅读词汇
12.grab
v.
　　　　　　　　　　
13.emergency
n．
14.typhoon
n.
15.exceptionally
adv.
16.satellite
n.
攫取，抓住　
紧急情况，不测事件　
台风
极其，非常　
人造卫星
17.lap
n.
18.mosquito
n.
19.property
n.
20.sufficient
adj.
21.shelter
n.
(坐着时的)大腿部　
蚊子　
所有物，资产，财产
足够的，充足的
庇护，掩蔽
重点短语
1.
由……组成　　　　　
2．
导致
3．
突然
4.
变成
5.
来来回回，上上下下
6.
在户外，在室外
7.
继续(做某事)
8.
还没有
consist
of
　
result
in/lead
to　
all
of
a
sudden　
turn
into　
up
and
down
in
the
open
air　
keep
on
(doing
sth.)　
have
yet
to
重点句型
1.on
doing
sth.
____________________
(一听到这个消息),
China
was
quick
to
start
organising
emergency
aid.
2.consider＋宾语＋(to
be)adj./n.
Even
today,
it
_____________________________________________________(被认为是欧洲最致命的森林火灾之一)．
On
hearing
the
news　
is
considered
one
of
Europe's
most
deadly
forest
fires
3.主语＋be
done
to
do
a.The
shock
___________________________
(普遍被认为)
a
magnitude
of
9.5.
b.It
_________________
(据说是)
the
worst
in
60
years,
and
not
a
single
drop
of
rain
fell
for
almost
a
whole
year.
4.was/were
doing...when
I
____________________
(正坐在房间里)with
my
cat,
Smartie,
on
my
lap,
____________
(就在这时)the
roof
just
flew
off.
5.the
moment引导的时间状语从句
He
had
disappeared
__________________________
(暴风雨来临时)．
is
generally
agreed
to
have
had　　
was
said
to
be
was
sitting
in
my
room　
when
the
moment
the
storm
hit
6.让步状语从句
Mom
said
that
__________________
(无论发生什么事),
we
should
always
try
to
see
the
good
side
of
things.
7.独立主格结构
Now
we
have
another
chance
to
look
up
at
the
stars
of
New
Orleans,
_________________________________________________________
(它们的美丽鼓舞着我们，给了我们前进的信心).
whatever
happens　
their
beauty
inspiring
us
and
giving
us
confidence
to
move
on
课文阅读理解
Read
the
passage
on
Pages
68－69
and
choose
the
best
answers.
1．What
is
the
text
mainly
about
A．The
cat's
being
lost
and
found
in
the
terrible
storm.
B．The
author's
experience
and
optimistic
attitude
in
the
storm
C．The
stars
looking
more
beautiful
and
attractive
after
the
storm.
D.
The
author's
habit
of
watching
the
stars
after
the
storm.
2．What
do
we
learn
about
the
author's
family
A．The
author's
cat
and
the
roof
were
blown
away.
B．Mom
was
successful
to
run
out
of
the
room.
C．They
went
out
by
boat
on
the
“street
river”．
D．It
became
unsafe
for
them
to
stay
at
home.
3．What
matters
for
the
whole
family
in
Mom's
eyes
A．Staying
together
and
being
safe.
B．Watching
the
stars
with
no
lights.
C．Staying
away
from
home
for
a
few
days.
D．Having
clothes
on
their
backs.
答案：1.B　2.D　3.A
1．rescue
v．营救，解救
(教材P65)CHINA'S
RESCUE
EFFORTS
IN
NEPAL.
中国在尼泊尔的救援行动。
At
midnight
we
finally
rescued
the
tourists
who
were
trapped
in
the
valley.
午夜时，我们终于救出了被困在山谷中的游客。
[归纳拓展]
come
to/go
to
sb.'s
rescue＝rescue
sb.援救某人
rescue...from...把……从……营救出来
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
①Because
of
the
big
flood,
hundreds
of
people
are
still
in
the
water,
waiting
____________(rescue)．
②Three
children
were
rescued
____________
the
burning
house
by
the
brave
firefighters
yesterday.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③
He
died
trying
to
_____________________________(拯救他的孩子)from
the
burning
building
yesterday.
to
be
rescued　
from　
come
to
his
children's
rescue
2．consist
of
由……组成
(教材P65)Consisting
of
62
people,
it
not
only
included
rescuers
and
medical
staff,
but
also
included
earthquake
experts.
它由62人组成，不仅包括救援人员和医务人员，还包括地震专家。
As
we
all
know，life
consists
of
not
only
sunshine
but
also
hard
times.
众所周知，生活中不仅有阳光，还有艰难困苦的岁月。
[归纳拓展]
(1)consist
in　　　　主要在于；存在于
consist
with
和……一致；并存；相符
(2)be
made
up
of
由……组成
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
①Five
people
make
up
the
team；in
other
words，the
team
____________
(make)
up
of
five
people.
＝Five
people
make
up
the
team；in
other
words，the
team
____________
(consist)
of
five
people.
②As
far
as
I
know,
he
is
a
man
whose
actions
do
not
consist
____________
his
promises.
is
made　
consists
　
with
[能力提升]——一句多译
由5位医生和7名护士组成的救援队已被派往灾区。
③The
rescue
team
___________________________
five
doctors
and
seven
nurses
has
been
sent
to
disaster
areas.(分词短语作定语)
④The
rescue
team
________________________________________
five
doctors
and
seven
nurses
has
been
sent
to
disaster
areas.(定语从句)
[温馨提示]
consist
of为及物动词短语但是没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。
consisting
of/made
up
of　
which
consists
of/which
is
made
up
of
3．claim
v．(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)；声称；主张；索赔
n．要求；主张；声称
(教材P66)Caused
by
exceptionally
heavy
snowfall
within
a
short
period
of
time,
they
destroyed
buildings
and
forests,
and
claimed
over
256
lives.
由于短时间内的特大降雪，它们摧毁了建筑物和森林，夺去了256多人的生命。
So
far
nobody
has
claimed
the
money
discovered
in
the
library.
迄今为止，还没有人来认领在图书馆捡到的那些钱。
He
claimed
that
he
could
finish
the
work
without
any
help.　
他声称不需要任何帮助就可以完成这项工作。
[归纳拓展]
(1)claim
to
do
sth.　　　声称/主张做……
claim
to
have
done
sth.
声称做过某事
claim
that...
声称……
(2)It
is
claimed
that...
有人主张……；据说……
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
①Earthquakes
____________(claim)more
than
1.6
million
lives
in
the
last
hundred
years.
②He
claimed
____________
(be)
a
scholar
but
was
not
such.
③Tom
claimed
____________
(see)
an
alien，but
no
one
believed
him.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④__________________
(据说)
some
teachers
in
our
school
are
working
90
hours
a
week.
have
claimed　
to
be　
to
have
seen　
It
is
claimed
that
4．keep
on
(doing
sth.)
继续(做某事)
(教材P69)But
as
Mom
kept
on
reminding
us,
we
were
all
together
and
safe.
但妈妈一直提醒我们，我们都在一起，很安全。
Even
if
we
start
reducing
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
greenhouse
gases,
the
climate
is
going
to
keep
on
warming
for
decades
or
centuries.
即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续变暖。
[归纳拓展]
keep
up
with　　　　　跟上……；与……保持同步
keep
up
坚持；维持；保留/沿袭(风俗、传统等)
keep
away
from
不靠近/远离……
keep
off
不靠近；远离；勿踩，勿踏
keep/bear...in
mind
记住……
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
①Keep
________，
and
you
will
succeed
sooner
or
later!
②Keep____________
mind
that
nothing
can
take
the
place
of
your
parents'
love.
③Nobody
can
entirely
keep
away
____________
this
competitive
society.
④There
stands
a
post,
reading
“Keep
____________
the
grass！”
⑤In
order
to
keep
up
____________
his
classmates,
he
keeps
on
____________
(work)
hard.
up　
in　
from　
off　
with　
working
1．the
moment引导的时间状语从句
(教材P69)He
had
disappeared
the
moment
the
storm
hit.
暴风雨一来，他就不见了。
句中the
moment相当于连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。
The
moment
I
picked
up
the
receiver,
I
realized
that
somebody
had
dialed
the
wrong
number.
我一拿起听筒就知道是有人打错电话了。
[归纳拓展]
表示“一……就……”的结构有：
as
soon
as...
immediately/instantly/directly...,the
second/instant/minute...
hardly＋主句(过去完成时)＋when＋从句(一般过去时)
no
sooner＋主句(过去完成时)＋than＋从句(一般过去时)
on/upon
doing/n.
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
①____________
instant
I
see
him
I
will
tell
him
the
good
news
that
he
has
been
admitted
into
the
key
university.
②The
boy
burst
into
tears
____________
(immediate)
he
saw
his
mother.
The　
immediately
[能力提升]——同义句转换
He
came
to
visit
us
as
soon
as
he
arrived
in
Beijing.
③He
had
________________
arrived
in
Beijing
__________
he
came
to
visit
us.
④_________________
had
he
arrived
in
Beijing
__________
he
came
to
visit
us.
⑤He
came
to
visit
us
______________________________
he
arrived
in
Beijing.
⑥He
came
to
visit
us
__________________________
he
arrived
in
Beijing.
⑦__________________
in
Beijing,
he
came
to
visit
us.
[温馨提示]
the
moment/minute/second/instant用作连词时，其后不能再加when。
no
sooner/hardly　
than/when
No
sooner/Hardly　
than/when
instantly/immediately/directly
the
instant/moment/minute
On/Upon
arriving
2．独立主格结构
(教材P69)Now
we
have
another
chance
to
look
up
at
the
stars
of
New
Orleans,
their
beauty
inspiring
us
and
giving
us
confidence
to
move
on.
现在我们又有机会仰望新奥尔良的群星了，它们的美丽鼓舞着我们，给了我们前进的信心。
句中their
beauty
inspiring
us
and
giving
us
confidence
to
move
on为独立主格结构。独立主格结构主要起状语作用，相当于一个状语从句。在句中可以作时间、原因、条件或伴随状语等。
He
came
out
of
the
library,
a
book
in
hand.
他手里拿着本书，走出了图书馆。
There
being
no
bus，we
had
to
go
home
on
foot.
由于没有公共汽车，我们只好步行回家。
[归纳拓展]
独立主格结构形式有以下几种：
(1)名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)；
(2)名词/代词＋过去分词(表示被动或已完成)；
(3)名词/代词＋不定式(表示将要发生的动作)；
(4)名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
①Winter
____________
(come),
it
gets
colder
and
colder.
②A
lot
of
work
____________
(do),
he
can't
go
home
now.
③More
time
____________
(give),
we
should
have
done
it
much
better.
[能力提升]——句型转换
④When
the
test
was
finished,
we
began
our
holiday.
→________________，
we
began
our
holiday.
⑤We
watched
the
men
playing
in
the
air
with
our
hearts
in
our
mouths.
→We
watched
the
men
playing
in
the
air，___________________________.
coming　
to
do　
given　
The
test
finished　
our
hearts
in
our
mouths
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Her
income
is
not
____________(充足的)to
support
her
family.
2．After
a
long
journey，he
got
to
the
village
at
____________
(午夜)．
3．In
case
of
____________(紧急情况)，break
the
glass
and
press
the
button.
4．It
will
greatly
____________
(危及)
the
peace
in
the
Middle
East.
5．Luckily,
the
little
girl
was
____________(营救)
from
the
fire
by
a
kind hearted
man.
sufficient　
midnight　
emergency
　threaten
rescued
　
6．They
__________(声称)
the
noise
from
the
new
airport
disturbed
their
lives.
7．You
can
ask
Mary
to
look
after
your
baby
on
weekends—she's
very
________
(可依靠的)．
8．The
moment
the
lights
went
off,
the
man
__________(攫取)
the
jewels
on
the
counter
and
slid
out
of
the
store.
9．____________(无处，哪里都不)
else
can
you
find
such
beautiful
scenery,
so
why
not
stay
for
one
more
night
10．The
weather
____________
(预报)
is
not
always
accurate
(准确的)
either.
claimed
grabbed
　Nowhere
　
forecast
reliable
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．会议结束了，老师们一个个走了出来。(独立主格结构)
____________________，
the
teachers
went
out
one
by
one.
2．那位著名的歌手一出现在舞台上，观众就禁不住大喊他的名字。
_________________________________________________
on
the
stage,
the
audience
couldn't
help
shouting
his
name.
The
meeting
over　
The
moment/As
soon
as
the
famous
singer
appeared
3．幸福不在于你有多少钱。
Happiness
does
not
____________
how
much
money
you
have.
4．这位著名的科学家声称在宇宙中发现了一颗新行星。
The
famous
scientist
__________________________
a
new
planet
in
the
universe.
5．全球气温上升将会导致严重的后果。
The
rise
in
global
temperature
will
____________________
serious
consequences.　
consist
in　
claimed
to
have
discovered　
result
in/lead
to
课后
限时训练Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He
intends
to
leave
the
company.
If
so，we
will
find
a
person
to
replace
him.
2．He
succeeded
in
solving
all
the
problems
as
expected(expect)．
3．While
visiting(visit)
the
city,
they
received
a
warm
welcome.
4．Though
tired
(tire),
they
went
on
working
in
order
to
finish
the
task
on
time.
5．—
Have
you
got
any
particular
plans
for
the
coming
holiday
—
Yes,
if
possible
(possibility),
I'm
going
to
visit
some
old
people's
homes.
6．If
given(give)
enough
time,
I
can
write
the
article
better.
7．We
didn't
do
anything
but
stay
(stay)
at
home
watching
TV
yesterday.
8．While
walking
(walk)
along
the
river
bank,
she
was
singing
a
pop
song.
9．The
purpose
of
new
technologies
is
to
make
life
easier,
not
to_make
(make)
it
more
difficult.
10．Generally
speaking,
when
taken(take)
according
to
the
instructions,
the
drug
has
no
side
effects.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Forces
other
than
damaging
winds
are
also
at
work
inside
tornadoes.
Sometimes,
as
the
wind
passes
a
house,
the
walls
and
ceiling
burst
apart
as
if
a
bomb
had
gone
off
inside.
This
explosion
(爆炸)
is
caused
by
the
low
air
pressure
(压力)
at
the
center
of
a
tornado.
The
pressure
at
the
center
of
a
tornado
is
usually
13
pounds
per
square
inch.
However,
inside
the
house
the
air
pressure
is
normal,
about
15
pounds
per
square
inch.
The
difference
of
2
pounds
per
square
inch
between
the
inside
and
outside
pressure
may
not
seem
like
much.
But
suppose
a
tornado
passes
over
a
small
building
that
measures
20
by
10
by
10
feet.
On
each
square
inch
of
the
building,
there
is
2
pounds
of
pressure
from
the
inside
that
is
not
balanced
by
air
pressure
outside
the
building.
On
the
ceiling,
that
adds
up
to
an
unbalanced
pressure
of
57,600
pounds.
The
pressure
of
the
four
walls
adds
up
to
172,800
pounds.
If
windows
are
open
in
the
building,
some
of
the
inside
air
will
rush
out
through
them.
This
will
balance
the
pressure
inside
and
outside
the
building.
But
if
the
windows
are
shut
tightly,
the
huge
inside
pressure
may
cause
the
building
to
burst.
Unfortunately,
heavy
rain
often
occurs
in
the
storms
that
later
produce
tornadoes,
so
people
often
shut
their
windows.
This
may
cause
far
worse
damage
later.
[语篇解读]　本文主要讲述了龙卷风除了具有破坏力极大的风之外，多种力也作用于其内部。
1．What
did
the
paragraph
before
this
passage
most
probably
discuss
A．Measuring
rainfall
from
a
storm.
B．The
powerful
winds
of
tornadoes.
C．The
kinds
of
damage
caused
by
explosions.
D．Repairing
the
damage
from
tornadoes.
解析：推理判断题。文章一开始就谈到龙卷风发生时，内部的低压引起的“爆炸”会造成墙倒屋塌。在此之前很可能谈论的是“爆炸”所引起的各种破坏程度。
答案：C
2．Which
of
the
following
is
the
main
topic
of
the
passage
A．How
tornadoes
can
be
prevented.
B．When
tornadoes
usually
occur.
C．Where
tornadoes
are
formed.
D．Why
tornadoes
cause
so
much
damage.
解析：主旨大意题。文章主要是围绕龙卷风造成破坏的原因来展开的。
答案：D
3．What
is
the
difference
per
square
inch
between
the
air
pressure
inside
a
building
and
the
air
pressure
inside
a
tornado
A．2
pounds.　　　　
B．10
pounds.
C．13
pounds.
D．15
pounds.
解析：数字计算题。根据第二段内容及该段第一、二句可知建筑物内部与龙卷风内每平方英寸的气压之差是2磅。
答案：A
4．Why
do
people
shut
windows
when
tornadoes
occur
A．Because
the
wind
is
strong.
B．Because
there
is
heavy
rain.
C．Because
the
weather
is
foggy.
D．Because
the
weather
is
cold.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知答案。
答案：B
B
In
recent
years,
I've
found
mental
illness
has
been
a
term
largely
avoided
in
conversation,
and
this
has
built
a
huge
stigma
(耻辱)
against
those
suffering
from
depression
(抑郁),
anxiety,
and
other
mental
illnesses.
What's
worse,
mental
illness
is
only
brought
up
when
the
news
draws
our
attention
to
it,
but
then
the
conversation
quiets
until
the
next
sad
thing
happens.
It's
time
for
the
conversation
to
continue.
Instead
of
waiting
for
the
next
sad
thing,
we
need
to
be
open
about
mental
health
and
about
the
struggles
that
come
with
mental
illness
and
treatment.
We
need
to
develop
an
environment
where
people
feel
comfortable
to
ask
for
the
help
they
need
instead
of
hiding.
It
takes
a
long
time,
but
I
am
now
open
about
my
anxiety
and
depression.
I'm
open
about
my
taking
medication
to
treat
my
mental
illnesses.
I'm
open
about
the
struggle
of
finding
the
medication
that
works.
I
encourage
everyone
to
do
the
same.
Be
honest
and
open
with
your
conversations
about
mental
health.
The
more
comfortable
people
are
with
these
conversations,
the
easier
it
will
be
for
the
conversation
to
continue.
A
continued
conversation
will
lead
to
more
ideas
on
treatment
and
more
ideas
on
how
to
give
help
to
those
who
need
it.
We
have
the
ability
to
help
those
we
love
and
break
the
stigma
around
mental
illness.
Mental
illness
can
actually
affect
anyone,
impacting
one
out
of
every
four
people.
In
short,
let's
keep
the
conversation
about
mental
health
and
mental
illness
open.
Be
sure
to
check
up
on
your
friends,
and
be
open
about
the
importance
of
mental
health.
If
you're
comfortable,
share
your
story,
which
may
let
others
know
they
are
not
alone.
Just
as
Albus
Dumbledore
said,
“Happiness
can
be
found
in
the
darkest
of
times,
if
one
only
remembers
to
turn
on
the
light”.
Therefore,
remember
to
turn
on
the
light.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。最近几年，人们对心理疾病总是讳莫如深。作者针对此事阐述了自己的看法并且提出了建议。
5．Which
of
the
following
would
the
author
agree
with
A．It's
hard
to
recover
from
mental
illness.
B．We
should
pay
much
attention
to
our
health.
C．The
youth
more
likely
suffer
from
mental
illness.
D．People
easily
feel
shame
about
having
mental
illness.
解析：观点态度题。根据第一段中的“In
recent
years,
I've
found
mental
illness
has
been
a
term...anxiety,
and
other
mental
illnesses.”可知，人们常常因患精神疾病而感到羞耻。
答案：D
6．How
can
a
continued
conversation
benefit
those
with
mental
illnesses
A．By
reducing
their
anxiety.
B．By
making
them
feel
comfortable.
C．By
helping
them
get
support
from
others.
D．By
helping
them
obtain
some
good
advice
on
treatment.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A
continued
conversation
will
lead
to
more
ideas
on
treatment
and
more
ideas
on
how
to
give
help
to
those
who
need
it.”可知，如果出现心理问题，多跟别人深入交流有好处，也许可以得到治疗的好办法。
答案：D
7．What
does
the
author
want
to
show
through
Albus
Dumbledore's
words
A．Care
and
communication
may
help
the
mentally
ill
people
out.
B．One's
happiness
can
cheer
up
others
in
low
spirits.
C．Mental
health
plays
an
important
role
in
our
life.
D．It's
good
to
talk
with
those
with
mental
illness.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“If
you're
comfortable,
share
your
story,
which
may
let
others
know
they
are
not
alone...Therefore,
remember
to
turn
on
the
light.”可知，作者在这里引用Albus
Dumbledore的话表明：关爱和交流可以帮助那些有心理问题的人渡过难关。
答案：A
8．What
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A．How
to
Start
a
Conversation
B．Be
Open
about
Mental
Health
C．The
Importance
of
Mental
Health
D．How
to
Avoid
Depression
and
Anxiety
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲了人们在面对有关心理健康或者心理疾病的问题时，总是选择避而不谈。因此作者建议人们应该大胆、敞开交流，以此来寻求最佳的解决方法，故可推出答案。
答案：B
Ⅲ.语法填空
Sarah
Jayne
is
a
twenty year old
girl
from
the
U．K.After
she
read
the
book
Pay
It
Forward，she
realized
that
our
world
would
become
a
much
1.____________(good)
place
if
everyone
could
do
three
favors
(善意的行为)
for
others.She
lost
her
father
2.____________
the
age
of
eight，so
she
felt
pity
for
her
friend's
children
whose
dad
died
3.____________
(recent)．Sarah
talked
and
played
with
the
children
to
make
their
mother's
life
easier.
This
“success”
led
to
the
second
favor，which
was
to
set
up
a
counseling
(咨询)
service
at
her
school
4.____________
(help)
improve
the
students'
mental
(心理的)
health.Her
third
favor
was
for
a
neighbor，an
old
woman
named
Anna
who
lost
5.____________
(she)
eyesight.It
was
Anna
that
6.____________
(introduce)
the
book
Pay
It
Forward
to
Sarah
two
months
ago.As
she
loved
reading，it
was
7.____________
real
act
of
kindness
to
spend
time
8.____________
(read)
out
loud
for
the
neighbor
and
keeping
her
company
every
night.
Sarah
said,
“I
couldn't
believe
at
first
how
three
small
favors
could
make
a
big
9.____________
(different)．All
the
people
10.____________
were
helped
by
me
have
promised
to
pay
favors
forward.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个英国女孩因为读了一本书后做了三个善举，并使得受助者也愿意去帮助别人。
1．解析：根据该空前的much可知，该空应用形容词的比较级，故填better。
答案：better
2．解析：at
the
age
of表示“在……年纪时”。
答案：at
3．解析：该空应用副词修饰动词，故填recently。
答案：recently
4．解析：该空用动词不定式表目的，故填to
help。
答案：to
help
5．解析：该空应用形容词性物主代词修饰eyesight。
答案：her
6．解析：根据two
months
ago可知，说的是发生在过去的一件事，所以用动词的一般过去时，故填introduced。
答案：introduced
7．解析：act表示“行为，举动”时为可数名词，此处表示“一个”，故填a。
答案：a
8．解析：spend
time
doing
sth.表示“花时间做某事”。
答案：reading
9．解析：make
a
big
difference表示“有很大影响”。
答案：difference
10．解析：先行词为All
the
people，关系词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，故填who。
答案：who
Ⅳ.应用文写作
你校英文报“Safety
guidelines”栏目现面向全校学生公开征集稿件，你有意参加。请你根据图片内容，用英语写一篇短文，介绍如何给溺水者实施急救。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
If
you
find
someone
drowning,
knowing
some
first
aid
knowledge
can
make
a
big
difference.
The
steps
are
as
follows.
First
of
all,
get
the
drowning
person
out
of
the
water
as
quickly
as
possible.
Then,
check
if
the
person
can
breathe.
If
not,
you'd
better
try
to
start
his
or
her
breathing
immediately,
using
the
mouth to mouth
method.
Meanwhile,
do
remember
to
call
for
help.
Continue
performing
first
aid
and
don't
stop
until
the
ambulance
arrives.
Seconds
count
in
a
situation
where
you
find
someone
drowning,
and
knowing
what
to
do
can
mean
the
difference
between
life
and
death.Units
5～6　达标检测
第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Student
employment
opportunities
are
provided
by
the
Pacific
Union
College
Payroll
Office.
Landscape
Department—Landscaping
position
available
which
will
include
work
consisting
of
maintaining(保养)flowers,
irrigation
system
maintenance
and
repair,
cleaning
up
litter,
replacing
trees,
and
re landscaping.
Hours
are
at
least
8
hours
per
week,
shifts
of
2
or
more
hours
at
a
time.
Shifts
are
between
7：30
a．m.－12：00
noon
and
1：00
p．m.－4：30
p．m.
Monday－Thursday
and
6：00
a．m.－12：00
noon
on
Fridays.
If
interested，please
contact
Art
Goulard
at
(707)
965 7205
for
more
information.
Cogen/Heating
Plant
Position—The
facilities
management
department
is
looking
for
students
who
can
work
at
least
ten
hours
a
week,
are
responsible
and
willing
to
learn,
can
work
during
the
school
year
and
during
breaks,
have
a
valid
driver's
license
with
a
clean
driving
record,
and
are
willing
to
be
trained
in
stream
line/heating/electrical
systems.
The
duties
will
include
monitoring
of
Cogen
operations,
answering
phones
and
radios,
and
relaying
messages
over
the
phone
and/or
radio.
For
more
information,
call
Matt
Smith
at
(707)
965 7141.
Tutors—Apply
for
a
tutoring
job
now
if
you
are
at
least
a
sophomore
(大学二年级生),
responsible
and
dependable,
can
explain
concepts
well,
and
excel
in
one
(or
more)
of
these
subject
areas;
Biology,
Chemistry,
Biochemistry,
English,
Nutrition,
Microbiology,
Physics,
Statistics,
History,
and
Spanish.
Please
visit
or
email
Michelle
Kendrick
at
the
TLC
mkendrick@puc.edu
or
call
now
for
an
appointment
at
(707)
965 7688.
Library—Techie
student
worker
needed.
The
library
and
Pitcairn
Islands
Study
Center
is
looking
to
hire
someone
to
do
simple
website
editing.Applicant
should
have
experience
with
basic
HTML.Some
CSS
(used
to
create
web
pages)
experience
would
be
a
plus.
Hours
are
flexible
and
negotiable.
If
interested,
please
contact
Patrick
Benner.
Call
(707)
965 6641
or
email
pbenner@puc.edu.
[语篇解读]　本文介绍了提供给学生的几个就业机会。
1．When
do
students
in
Landscape
Department
only
work
in
the
morning
A．On
Mondays.　　　　
B．On
Thursdays.
C．On
Fridays.
D．On
Sundays.
解析：细节理解题。根据Landscape
Department中的“6：00
a．m.－12：00
noon
on
Fridays”可知答案。
答案：C
2．To
get
the
heating
plant
position,
one
needs
to
________.
A．be
good
at
biology
B．fix
phones
and
radios
C．be
able
to
drive
legally
D．work
at
least
8
hours
a
week
解析：细节理解题。根据Cogen/Heating
Plant
Position中的“...have
a
valid
driver's
license
with
a
clean
driving
record...”可知答案。
答案：C
3．Which
number
should
you
call
if
you
want
to
be
a
tutor
A．(707)
965 6641
B．(707)
965 7688
C．(707)
965 7141
D．(707)
965 7205
解析：细节理解题。根据Tutors部分最后的联系方式可知答案。
答案：B
B
It's
not
just
kids
who
are
overdoing
screen
time.
Parents
are
often
just
as
guilty
of
spending
too
much
time
checking
smart
phones
and
emails.
And
the
consequences
for
their
children
can
be
troubling.
Dr.Jenny
Radesky
is
a
pediatrician
(儿科医生)
specializing
in
child
development.
When
she
worked
at
a
clinic
in
a
high tech
Seattle
neighborhood,
Radesky
started
noticing
how
often
parents
ignored
their
kids
in
favor
of
a
mobile
device.Radesky
was
so
concerned
that
she
decided
to
study
the
behavior.
After
relocating
to
Boston
Medical
Center,
she
and
two
other
researchers
spent
one
summer
observing
55
different
groups
of
parents
and
young
children
eating
at
fast
food
restaurants.
“Many
of
the
caregivers
pulled
out
a
mobile
device
right
away，”
she
says.
“They
looked
at
it,
scrolled
on
it
and
typed
for
most
of
the
meal,
only
putting
it
down
occasionally.”
This
was
not
a
scientific
study.
Radesky
is
quick
to
point
out.It
was
more
like
anthropological
(人类学的)
observation,
complete
with
detailed
field
notes.
Forty
of
the
55
parents
used
a
mobile
device
during
the
meal
and
many，she
says，were
more
absorbed
in
the
device
than
in
the
kids.
Radesky
says
that's
a
big
mistake,
because
face to face
interactions
are
the
primary
way
children
learn.
“They
learn
language,
they
learn
about
their
own
emotions,
and
they
learn
how
to
regulate
them，”
she
says.
“They
learn
by
watching
us
how
to
have
a
conversation,
and
how
to
read
other
people's
facial
expressions.
And
if
that
is
not
happening,
children
are
missing
out
on
important
development
milestones(里程碑)．”
In
the
research
for
her
book,
Steiner Adair
interviewed
1,000
children
between
the
ages
of
4
and
18,
asking
them
about
their
parents'
use
of
mobile
devices.
The
language
that
came
up
over
and
over
and
over
again,
she
says,
was
“sad,
mad,
angry
and
lonely.”
Steiner Adair
says
we
don't
know
exactly
how
much
these
mini
moments
of
disconnection
between
a
parent
and
child
affect
the
child
in
the
long
term.
But
based
on
the
stories
she
hears,
Steiner Adair
suggests
that
parents
think
twice
before
picking
up
a
mobile
device
when
they're
with
their
kids.
[语篇解读]　该文主要讨论了父母玩手机对孩子发展的影响。
4．What
did
Dr.Jenny
Radesky
find
in
a
Seattle
neighborhood
A．Parents
ignored
their
kids
in
favor
of
a
mobile
device.
B．High
technology
made
people's
life
more
convenient.
C．Children
took
a
much
keener
interest
in
smart
phones.
D．Parents
were
worried
about
their
children's
development.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When
she
worked
at
a
clinic
in
a
high tech
Seattle
neighborhood,
Radesky
started
noticing
how
often
parents
ignored
their
kids
in
favor
of
a
mobile
device.”可知，Jenny
Radesky医生在社区里发现了父母玩手机而忽略孩子的现象，故选A。
答案：A
5．How
did
Radesky
do
her
research
A．By
interviewing
the
caregivers.
B．By
analyzing
data
from
a
clinic.
C．By
classifying
parents'
behavior.
D．By
observing
parents
and
children.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“After
relocating
to
Boston
Medical
Center,
she
and
two
other
researchers
spent
one
summer
observing
55
different
groups
of
parents
and
young
children
eating
at
fast
food
restaurants.”可知，Radesky是通过观察父母和孩子们的行为来进行研究的，故选D。
答案：D
6．What
does
the
underlined
word
“that”
in
Paragraph
5
probably
refer
to
A．Learning
about
their
own
feelings.
B．Reading
others'
facial
expressions.
C．Watching
their
parents'
talking.
D．Communicating
face
to
face.
解析：代词指代题。根据第五段第一句“Radesky
says
that's
a
big
mistake,
because
face to face
interactions
are
the
primary
way
children
learn.”可推知，此处的that代指的是父母和孩子之间面对面的互动和交流，故选D。
答案：D
7．What
does
Steiner Adair
advise
parents
to
do
A．Comfort
their
children
as
often
as
possible.
B．Put
down
their
smart
phones
while
with
their
kids.
C．Reflect
on
their
own
influence
on
their
children.
D．Allow
their
kids
to
use
mobile
devices
sometimes.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“But
based
on
the
stories
she
hears,
Steiner Adair
suggests
that
parents
think
twice
before
picking
up
a
mobile
device
when
they're
with
their
kids.”和对本段的整体理解可推知，Steiner Adair建议父母和孩子们在一起时，不要玩手机，故选B。
答案：B
C
The
San
Francisco
Giants
added
a
special
pitcher
(投球手)
for
the
day.It
was
small—yet
fierce—Hailey
Dawson，who
has
a
3D printed
hand.
The
energetic
8 year old
from
Nevada
was
invited
to
throw
out
the
first
pitch
at
the
Giants
game
on
Sunday.Hailey
was
born
with
Poland
syndrome,
a
disorder
in
which
affected
individuals
are
born
with
missing
or
underdeveloped
muscles
on
one
side
of
the
body.It
affected
her
hand.
With
a
traditional
prosthetic
(义肢的)
hand
potentially
costing
thousands
of
dollars,
Hailey's
mom,
Yong
Dawson
turned
to
the
University
of
Nevada,
Las
Vegas
for
help.She
emailed
UNLV
College
of
Engineering,
and
they
accepted
the
challenge.
Brendan
O'Toole,
chairman
of
the
mechanical
engineering
department,
said
he
and
his
team
had
got
a
lot
of
requests,
“but
this
one
was
different.”
They
got
to
work
using
a
3D printer.Several
prototypes
(原型)
and
fittings
later,
Hailey
got
her
first
hand
about
four
years
ago.
Hailey's
mother
said
the
hand
had
given
her
daughter
a
wonderful
lift.“When
she
puts
this
robotic
hand
on,
it
changes
her
personality
and
confidence
level，”
Yong
Dawson
told
CBS
San
Francisco.“I
love
seeing
that.I
just
wanted
her
to
have
an
even
playing
field.”
When
she
arrived
at
AT&T
Park
on
Sunday,
Hailey
got
to
hang
out
with
players
in
the
shelter
at
the
side
of
the
sports
field.They
even
let
her
try
on
their
World
Series
rings.
Using
her
3D printed
hand,
Hailey
threw
out
the
perfect
first
pitch.Then
with
a
wave
and
a
smile,
she
headed
into
the
stands
to
cheer
on
her
newfound
friends
on
the
Giants.
[语篇解读]　该文主要介绍了内华达大学工程学院的工作人员用3D打印技术帮助一个患有Poland综合征的小女孩打印假肢的事情。
8．What
caused
the
function
loss
of
Hailey's
hand
A．A
serious
brain
disorder.
B．A
born
physical
problem.
C．An
awful
game
accident.
D．An
unexpected
infection.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Hailey
was
born
with
Poland
syndrome,
a
disorder
in
which
affected
individuals
are
born
with
missing
or
underdeveloped
muscles
on
one
side
of
the
body.”可知，Hailey手功能丧失是天生的生理上的问题，故选B。
答案：B
9．Why
did
Yong
Dawson
ask
the
University
of
Nevada
for
help
A．She
couldn't
find
a
suitable
hospital.
B．She
knew
it
had
the
advanced
3D printer.
C．She
couldn't
afford
a
traditional
prosthetic
hand.
D．She
was
forced
to
accept
the
tough
challenge.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“With
a
traditional
prosthetic
(义肢的)hand
potentially
costing
thousands
of
dollars,
Hailey's
mom,
Yong
Dawson
turned
to
the
University
of
Nevada,
Las
Vegas
for
help.”可知，Yong
Dawson向内华达大学求助的原因是传统的假肢费用昂贵，她支付不起，故选C。
答案：C
10．What
is
Hailey's
mother's
attitude
towards
the
3D printed
hand
A．Skeptical.　　　　
B．Positive.
C．Ambiguous.
D．Cautious.
解析：观点态度题。根据第四段第一句“Hailey's
mother
said
the
hand
had
given
her
daughter
a
wonderful
lift.”和第四段的内容可推知，Hailey的妈妈对3D打印手持积极的态度，觉得这能够让孩子受到鼓舞，故选B。
答案：B
11．Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
for
the
text
A．Mother's
love
makes
a
huge
difference
B．A
talented
young
pitcher
gets
a
great
future
C．The
3D printing
technology
is
changing
our
life
D．A
girl
with
a
3D printed
hand
throws
her
first
pitch
解析：标题判断题。文章前两段点题，并结合全文的内容可推知，本文主要讲述了一个身患Poland综合征的小女孩安装了3D打印手，从而实现了在运动场上投球的可能性的故事，故选D。
答案：D
D
Babies
teach
their
older
brothers
and
sisters
empathy
(共鸣),
according
to
a
new
study.
Empathy
means
understanding
and
entering
others'
feelings.
Until
now,
younger
kids
have
generally
been
regarded
to
learn
plenty
from
their
older
brothers
or
sisters
but
don't
give
back
much.
But
this
study,
published
in
Child
Development
confirms
that
younger
siblings
(兄弟姐妹)
ensure
their
big
brothers
and
sisters
don't
grow
into
disgusting
people
—no
easy
task.
“Although
it's
assumed
that
older
siblings
and
parents
are
the
primary
socializing
influences
on
younger
siblings'
development,
we
found
that
both
younger
and
older
siblings
positively
contributed
to
each
other's
empathy
over
time，”
study
co author
Marc
Jambon
said
in
a
statement.
Prior
sibling
studies
have
focused
on
the
influence
of
older
brothers
and
sisters，probably
because
their
impacts
are
most
obvious.
As
one
review
of
literature
notes,
studies
have
shown
that
older
siblings
influence
everything
from
their
younger
siblings'
motor
development
to
their
risk
of
smoking
later
in
life.
And
although
separate
studies
have
tried
to
pin_down
effects
that
younger
siblings
have
on
their
older
siblings,
the
specific
influence
of
baby
brothers
and
sisters
remains
unclear.
For
this
new
study,
Jambon
and
his
colleagues
recruited
(招募)
a
diverse
group
of
452
Canadian
sibling
pairs
between
the
ages
of
18
months
and
four
years.
At
the
start
of
the
study,
individual
researchers
assessed
children's
baseline
empathy
levels
by
visiting
the
kids
at
home
and
then
pretending
to
hurt
themselves
or
break
a
valuable
item.
Eighteen
months
later,
they
found
small
but
significant
increases
in
empathy.
One
unexpected
exception—older
sisters
did
not
appear
to
experience
increased
empathy
after
18
months
living
with
their
little
brothers,
specifically.
The
researchers
aren't
sure
why
this
exception
appeared,
and
they
recommend
that
future
studies
dive
into
more
complex
phenomena.
[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了婴儿对哥哥和姐姐共鸣的影响。
12．What
has
been
found
in
the
new
study
A．Young
kids
could
show
more
sympathy
on
others.
B．Young
siblings
know
more
about
empathy
than
the
older.
C．Younger
siblings
could
contribute
to
their
older
ones'
empathy.
D．Younger
kids
can
learn
a
lot
from
their
older
brothers
or
sisters.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Babies
teach
their
older
brothers
and
sisters
empathy
(共鸣),
according
to
a
new
study.”可知，新的研究发现婴儿会对他们的哥哥和姐姐的共鸣产生影响，故选C。
答案：C
13．What
does
Marc
Jambon
say
about
kids'
empathy
development
A．Siblings
influence
each
other
in
a
positive
way.
B．Parents
play
a
more
important
role
than
teachers.
C．Older
siblings
have
far
more
obvious
influences.
D．Younger
siblings
make
much
smaller
contributions.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Although
it's
assumed
that
older
siblings
and
parents
are
the
primary
socializing
influences
on
younger
siblings'
development,
we
found
that
both
younger
and
older
siblings
positively
contributed
to
each
other's
empathy
over
time”可知，Marc
Jambon认为在共鸣方面兄弟姐妹之间是以积极的方式互相影响、互相促进的，故选A。
答案：A
14．What
do
the
underlined
words
“pin
down”
in
Paragraph
2
mean
A．Assess.
　
B．Limit.
C．Confirm.
　　
D．Reduce.
解析：词义猜测题。根据语境中的although，并结合该句中的“the
specific
influence
of
baby
brothers
and
sisters
remains
unclear”可知，尽管不同的研究已经确定了这种影响，但具体影响还不确定，由此可推知，pin
down和unclear含义相反，故选C。
答案：C
15．What
can
we
infer
about
the
study
from
the
last
paragraph
A．It
offers
no
exceptions.
B．It
appears
to
be
under
control.
C．It
is
recognized
to
be
scientific.
D．It
needs
to
be
carried
out
further.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“The
researchers
aren't
sure
why
this
exception
appeared,
and
they
recommend
that
future
studies
dive
into
more
complex
phenomena.”可推知．这种例外产生的原因还不确定，有待进一步的研究考证，故选D。
答案：D
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Critical
(批判的)
thinking
is
the
art
of
using
reason
to
analyze
ideas
and
dig
deeper
to
get
to
our
true
potential.It
doesn't
mean
you're
thinking
harder
or
longer.　16　
Here
are
some
tips
and
ideas
to
help
you
build
a
foundation
for
critical
thinking.
Question
your
assumptions.
We
make
a
lot
of
assumptions
about
almost
everything.
It's
how
our
brain
processes
certain
pieces
of
information,
and
how
we
get
along
in
everyday
life.You
could
say
they
are
the
foundation
of
our
critical
frameworks.　17　Then
the
whole
foundation
needs
to
be
rebuilt,
from
the
bottom
up.
Don't
take
information
on
authority
until
you've
investigated
it
yourself.
Instead
of
double checking
everything
anyone
says,
we
tend
to
label
information
as
either
coming
from
a
trustworthy
or
not
trustworthy
source.This
keeps
us
from
double checking
every
piece
of
information
that
comes
our
way,
saving
time
and
energy.
But
it
also
keeps
us
from
getting
to
the
bottom
of
things
we
think
of
as
coming
from
a
trustworthy
source,
even
when
they
don't.　18　
Put
yourself
in
other
people's
shoes.
Empathy
can
also
help
you
develop
your
critical
thinking
skills.　19　
You
may
find
that
a
little
understanding
facilitates
a
deeper
insight
into
other
people
and
their
behavior.
The
deeper
your
insight
is
into
yourself
and
others,
the
wiser
your
decisions
will
be.
　20　There
is
no
way
to
learn
better
than
learning
from
your
friends.
If
you
only
want
to
be
a
big
fish
swimming
in
the
little
pond
just
because
your
ego
(自我价值感)
feels
good,
keep
this
part.
If
you
are
wondering
about
how
to
develop
critical
skills,
make
friends
with
smart
people
and
throw
away
your
ego.
A．Actually,
it's
about
thinking
better.
B．Surround
yourself
with
people
smarter
than
you.
C．Be
someone
that
people
know
that
they
can
count
on.
D．You
should
not
judge
others
until
you
fully
understand
their
situation.
E．But
what
if
they
turned
out
to
be
wrong,
or
at
least
not
entirely
truthful
F．The
reason
is
that
understanding
does
not
always
go
with
the
right
action.
G．So
what
is
published
in
a
magazine
or
online
doesn't
mean
it's
necessarily
true.
[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了构建批判性思维的方法。
16．解析：由此处承接上文“It
doesn't
mean
you're
thinking
harder
or
longer.”可推知，此处进一步解释了批判性思维的真正含义，所以选A项。
答案：A　
17．解析：根据下文中的“Then
the
whole
foundation
needs
to
be
rebuilt,
from
the
bottom
up.”可推知，我们所做的一些假定有可能是错误的，因此需要全部重建，所以选E项。
答案：E
18．解析：由上文中的“But
it
also
keeps
us
from
getting
to
the
bottom
of
things
we
think
of
as
coming
from
a
trustworthy
source,
even
when
they
don't.”可推知，将信息归类使我们不能够追根究底，因此出版在杂志上或网上的信息并不一定是真的，所以选G项。
答案：G
19．解析：根据上文中的“Put
yourself
in
other
people's
shoes.”以及此处与下文中的“The
deeper
your
insight
is
into
yourself
and
others,
the
wiser
your
decisions
will
be.”呼应可推知，只有充分了解他人的情况，作出的决定才会更明智，所以选D项。
答案：D
20．解析：根据空处所在位置可知，此处为主题句，再结合本段内容可知，本段主要讲了和比自己聪明的人在一起可以提高批判性技能，所以选B项。
答案：B
第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Until
a
few
years
ago,
I
had
what
most
people
would
call
a
good
life.
I
had
a
__21__
job
that
paid
the
bills;
I
had
a
good
family
that
I
was
close
to,
and
I
had
a
place
to
live
and
money
in
the
bank
for
trips
and
__22__，
and
there
was
nothing
much
wrong
in
my
life.__23__，
I
was
bored.
I
wanted
more.
I
wanted
to
live
brightly
and
loudly
and
make
sharp
memories
instead
of
the
grey
ones
of
everyday
life.
But
I
was
afraid.
I
had
never
had
any
confidence
in
myself.As
a
child,
even
buying
something
in
a
shop
caused
me
a
great
deal
of
stress,
and
even
though
I
did
get
better
as
I
got
older，I
never
quite
__24__
that
childhood
shyness.
And
I
tried
everything，like
reading
books
about
confidence.
I
also
took
tiny
steps
leading
to
my
goals.
But
none
of
them
really
__25__.
So
I
__26__
that
the
small
steps
weren't
enough.
I
signed
up
for
an
internship
(实习期的工作)
of
teaching
English
in
Vietnam,
an
__27__
huge
step,
one
that
__28__
me
as
much
as
it
excited
me.
And
then
the
day
came
and
I
left
my
home
and
my
loved
ones.
I
was
alone
in
a
country
where
the
food
was
__29__
and
the
streets
were
unfamiliar.
I
had
no
idea
whether
I
would
be
able
to
__30__
everything
that
this
very
strange
environment
would
__31__
at
me.
I
spent
five
months
in
Vietnam,
teaching,
exploring
and
laughing.I'd
learned
to
__32__
myself,
my
skills
my
abilities
and
my
decisions.
I
returned
home
__33__，even
to
myself,
let
alone
to
others.
The
__34__
that
had
controlled
my
life
and
the
self doubt
were
__35__.
That
one
big
chance
changed
everything
for
me,
and
in
me.
[语篇解读]　该文主要讲述了作者通过去异国他乡支教从而改变人生的励志故事。
21．A.stable　　　　　
B．temporary
C．difficult
D．demanding
解析：根据上文中的“Until
a
few
years
ago,
I
had
what
most
people
would
call
a
good
life.”可推知，之前作者的生活过得不错，有收入稳定的工作，故选A。stable“稳定的”；temporary“暂时的”；demanding“要求高的”。
答案：A
22．A.tips
B．rewards
C．treats
D．fines
解析：根据空前的“money
in
the
bank
for
trips”可推知，作者生活舒适，有出去旅游和款待他人的资金。treat在此作名词，意为“款待”。tip“小费，窍门”；reward“奖赏，回报”；fine“罚款”。
答案：C
23．A.Thus
B．Instead
C．Otherwise
D．However
解析：根据语境可知，空处的前后内容存在逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。Thus“因此”；Instead“相反”；Otherwise“否则”；However“然而”。
答案：D
24．A.added
to
B．talked
about
C．got
over
D．suffered
from
解析：根据空前的“never”可推知，作者一直都没有克服(got
over)自己孩童时期的害羞。
答案：C
25．A.continued
B．survived
C．failed
D．helped
解析：根据句中的“But”可推知，作者尽管尝试了很多方法，例如阅读有关(提升)自信的书籍，并采取了一些小的措施，但是都无济于事(helped)。
答案：D
26．A.figured
B．promised
C．predicted
D．disagreed
解析：根据空前的“So”可推知，作者认为(figured)小的措施是不够的。
答案：A
27．A.equally
B．impossibly
C．unnecessarily
D．occasionally
解析：去越南支教对于一向缺乏自信的作者来讲的确是跨出了不可思议的一大步，故选B。
答案：B
28．A.ignored
B．impressed
C．annoyed
D．terrified
解析：此处与上文作者孩童时期的害羞以及尝试多种方法增强自信相呼应，故这样的决定让作者害怕(terrified)，同时又使作者激动万分。
答案：D
29．A.nice
B．colorful
C．strange
D．inadequate
解析：由下文中的“the
streets
were
unfamiliar”和“this
very
strange
environment”可推知，作者身处异国他乡，对那里的食物感到陌生(strange)。
答案：C
30．A.doubt
B．handle
C．quit
D．obtain
解析：根据语境可知，作者不知道自己是否能够应付(handle)这个完全陌生的环境抛(throw)给自己的一切。
答案：B
31．A.point
B．throw
C．shout
D．aim
解析：参见上题解析。throw
at“朝……扔”。
答案：B
32．A.trust
B．enjoy
C．excuse
D．forgive
解析：与上文中的“And
I
tried
everything，like
reading
books
about
confidence”形成对比可推知，作者在越南支教期间学会了自信。
答案：A
33．A.unconcerned
B．unsatisfied
C．unchangeable
D．unrecognizable
解析：根据语境可推知，作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，几乎让人认不出了。unconcerned“不关心的”；unsatisfied“不满意的”；unchangeable“不可改变的”；unrecognizable“认不出来的”。
答案：D
34．A.fear
B．respect
C．courage
D．anger
解析：由空后的“controlled
my
life”和“the
self doubt”可推知，作者之前的生活被害怕(fear)控制，与上文中的“that
childhood
shyness”呼应。
答案：A
35．A.picked
up
B．forgotten
about
C．worn
off
D．put
off
解析：作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，自信满满，自我怀疑逐渐消失(worn
off)。
答案：C
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Classical
Chinese
garden
design
aims
to
create
a
natural
landscape
on
a
small
scale
and
emphasize
the
perfect
harmony
between
man
and
nature.
A
Chinese
garden
36.____________(be)
like
a
scroll
(卷轴)
painting，37.____________(show)
a
series
of
carefully
composed
scenes.
New
views
are
revealed
as
one
walks
along
the
pathways.
In
the
gardens，38.____________
most
frequently
meet
the
eye
are
winding
paths
that
seemingly
lead
to
nowhere.
There,
a
path
seems
to
end,
but
all
of
39.__________
sudden,
a
new
world
is
rolled
out
before
you:
pavilions
(亭子),
rock
formations
and
spring
water—all
combined
to
provide
a
pleasant
surprise!
At
the
40.____________(enter)
to
a
Chinese
garden,
there
is
usually
a
huge
stone
or
wall
41.____________(use)
to
screen
your
view
so
as
to
later
produce
unimaginable
delight
when
you
turn
around
the
wall.
A
Chinese
garden
may
have
windows
on
all
42.__________
(it)
four
walls.
And
it
is
43.____________(interest)
that,
through
the
windows,
visitors
may
see
different
views
from
different
angles,
and
thus
the
composition
of
the
garden
becomes
enlarged.
A
Chinese
garden
is
a
place
where
culture
is
both
created
and
enjoyed.
All
plants
mark
the
shift
of
44.____________(season).
Similarly,
water,
a
symbol
of
the
ever changing，45.____________
rocks,
a
symbol
of
the
eternal
(永恒的),
create
a
harmonious
balance
of
nature's
yin
and
yang.
[语篇解读]　本文主要对中国古典园林设计进行了简要的介绍。
36．解析：考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语为A
Chinese
garden，谓语动词应用单数形式，又因为整篇文章用的都是一般现在时，故用is。
答案：is
37．解析：考查非谓语动词。show和句子的谓语动词之间没有连词连接，且和句子的主语A
Chinese
garden构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
答案：showing
38．解析：考查名词性从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作主语，表示物的概念，故应填what。
答案：what
39．解析：考查冠词。all
of
a
sudden＝suddenly，意为“突然”，为固定用法，故用不定冠词a。
答案：a
40．解析：考查词性转换。由空前的定冠词the可知，此处应用名词形式，表示“入口”，故用entrance/entry。
答案：entrance/entry
41．解析：考查非谓语动词。use和句子的谓语is之间没有连词连接，故用非谓语，又因为和其逻辑主语a
huge
stone
or
wall之间构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
答案：used
42．解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处在此处作定语，修饰名词walls，故用形容词性物主代词its。
答案：its
43．解析：考查形容词。此处是固定句型：it
is＋形容词＋that...，it作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。故此处应用interest的形容词形式interesting。
答案：interesting
44．解析：考查名词单复数。season是可数名词，且其前没有限定词，表示泛指，故用其复数形式。
答案：seasons
45．解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后为逻辑上的并列关系，故用连词and。
答案：and
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节　应用文写作(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你应英国笔友Bob的要求根据下面的提示写一封信介绍微信支付的功能。
微信支付
性质
腾讯公司的互联网支付产品
要求
关联银行卡，认证身份
功能
购买商品，发红包等
注意：1.词数80左右。文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：腾讯Tencent，密码code，红包red
packet
Dear
Bob，
I
am
happy
to
tell
you
about
WeChat
Pay._______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Best
wishes!
Yours，
Li
Hua
[参考范文]
Dear_Bob，
I_am_happy_to_tell_you_about_WeChat_Pay.As
a
new
type
of
payment
based
on
the
Internet，WeChat
Pay，which
is
a
digital
product
of
Tencent，allows
us
to
pay
through
the
Internet
via
the
app
of
WeChat.
It
requires
the
attachment
of
a
bank
card
first，and
then
identity
recognition.After
these
steps，you
can
pay
the
required
amount
of
money
by
means
of
transferring
money
to
another
account.You
can
use
WeChat
Pay
to
make
purchases
on
the
Internet
or
pay
in
the
supermarkets，or
even
give
red
packets
to
your
friends.
It
is
such
a
convenient
way
of
payment
that
it
gains
great
popularity
across
the
country.
Best_wishes!
Yours，
Li_Hua
第二节　读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Fisherman
Salvador
was
just
trying
to
make
a
living
on
the
sea
with
fellow
fisherman
Cordoba.Two
days
into
the
journey，disaster
struck，and
the
two
men
would
begin
the
greatest
challenge
of
their
lives.
The
boat
was
loaded
with
tons
of
provisions，including
70
gallons
of
gasoline,16
gallons
of
water,50
lbs
of
sardines
for
bait
(鱼饵)．They
also
had
a
mobile
phone，kept
safe
in
a
plastic
bag，a
GPS，and
a
two way
radio.The
two
had
never
spoken
before
or
worked
together，but
they
liked
fishing
and
both
of
them
seemed
to
know
what
they
were
doing.
Two
days
later，the
weather
was
getting
worse
and
worse.Salvador
was
trying
to
remain
calm，but
Cordoba
was
not
prepared.He
held
on
to
the
rail
(围栏)
for
dear
life
as
the
waves
crashed
around
them，vomiting
and
crying.When
the
storm
finally
passed，Salvador
could
finally
see
in
front
of
him；he
noticed
that
they
had
drifted
far
away
from
land.To
make
matters
worse，the
motor
had
stopped
working.Salvador
called
his
boss
on
the
radio，but
there
was
no
response.Even
worse
was
the
fact
that
the
GPS
they
had
brought
with
them
had
stopped
working.
The
two
men
had
been
at
sea
for
two
months.While
Salvador
had
become
accustomed
to
catching
and
eating
the
animals
available
to
them，Cordoba's
mental
health
and
physical
health
had
begun
to
decline.Once
he
got
sick
from
eating
raw
seabirds,
he
refused
to
eat
at
all.His
own
depression，fear
and
malnutrition
finally
killed
him,
leaving
Salvador
alone
on
the
boat.
One
day，after
a
terrible
storm，Salvador
found
the
sky
was
suddenly
filled
with
shorebirds.He
knew
that
he
was
heading
for
land
at
last.
He
must
have
been
close.There，in
the
distance
was
a
green
Pacific
atoll(环礁)．It
looked
small
and
wild，but
it
was
dry
land
and
would
likely
have
food
and
shelter.
Paragraph
1：
The
skinny
fisherman
struggled
until
he
reached
what
appeared
to
be
a
beach
house.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2：
Salvador
was
rescued._____________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Paragraph
1：
The
skinny
fisherman
struggled
until
he
reached
what
appeared
to
be
a
beach
house.This
was
a
fisherman's
home.Seeing
a
weak
man
walking
unsteadily
from
the
sea，the
fisherman
and
his
wife
rushed
out
to
him
and
welcomed
him
into
their
home.They
had
never
seen
anyone
so
weak
and
hungry.They
were
surprised
that
Salvador
remained
awake
and
managed
to
ask
for
a
doctor
before
losing
consciousness.
Paragraph
2：
Salvador
was
rescued.Despite
suffering
unimaginable
hardships，Salvador
had
survived
his
journey.He
had
spent
438
days
lost
at
sea.Soon
enough，he
was
on
his
way
back
home
to
El
Salvador，where
he
was
finally
reunited
with
his
family.Of
course，he
made
time
to
visit
Cordoba's
mother
to
tell
her
the
bad
news
of
her
son's
death.They
both
shed
tears
for
the
loss
of
her
son.(共43张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ　Using
language
&
Writing
语法
专项突破
写作
能力提升
课后
限时训练
名著赏析 素养提能
省略
为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。
在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：
一、并列句中的省略
在由and或but连接的并列句中，常省略一些重复的词或词组。
1．省略共同的主语或宾语。
◆Tom
picked
up
a
book
on
the
floor
and
(Tom)
handed
it
to
the
teacher.
汤姆在地板上捡起了一本书并把它交给了老师。
2．若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。
◆Jack
must
have
been
playing
football
and
Mary
(must
have
been)
doing
her
homework.
杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽肯定一直在做作业。
3．若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。
◆His
advice
made
me
happy,
but
(his
advice
made)
Jim
angry.
他的建议使我高兴，却使吉姆生气。
4．若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。
◆He
has
a
knowledge
of
first
aid
but
his
friend
doesn't
(have
a
knowledge
of
first
aid)．
他具备急救知识，但他朋友不具备。
二、复合句中的省略
1．状语从句的省略
(1)在when,
while,
if,
as
if,
though,
although,
as,
until,
once,
whether,
unless,
whenever等连接的状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句主语相同且从句谓语中含有系动词be或从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。
◆As
(it
is)
scheduled，we
participated
in
several
instructive
activities.
按照计划安排，我们参加了几个有指导意义的活动。
◆Whenever
(it
is)
possible,
they
would
stop
him
and
ask
him
the
three
questions.
只要有可能，他们就让他停下并问他这三个问题。
◆Look
out
for
cars
when
(you
are)
crossing
the
street.
过街时要当心车辆。
[温馨提示]
(1)省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主谓关系，则使用现在分词；若构成动宾关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则使用不定式。
◆When
(it
is)
heated,
ice
can
be
turned
into
water.
加热的时候冰可以变成水。
(2)在than,
as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。
◆They
don't
use
more
water
than
(it
is)
necessary.
他们使用的水没有超出需要量。
◆He
runs
as
fast
as
Bob
(runs)．
他和鲍勃跑得一样快。
2．定语从句中的省略
(1)在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that,
which，whom可省略。
◆The
computer
(which)
I
wanted
to
buy
was
sold
out.
我想买的那种电脑卖光了。
(2)在定语从句中way作先行词，且在句中充当方式状语时，可省略引导定语从句的关系代词。
◆I
don't
like
the
way
(that)
he
speaks
to
me.
我不喜欢他对我说话的方式。
(3)在以the
same...as...或such...as...引导的某些定语从句中，也可省略与主句相同的部分。
◆I
have
the
same
trouble
as
you
(have)．
我和你有同样的困难。
3．宾语从句的省略
(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，那么只有第一个that可以省略。
◆I
do
believe(that)
I
am
very
qualified
for
this
voluntary
work，because
I
have
a
good
command
of
spoken
English.
我的确相信我适合这个志愿者工作，因为我精通英语口语。
◆He
said
(that)
the
text
was
very
important
and
that
we
should
learn
it
by
heart.
他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。
(2)when,
where,
how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。
◆I
know
that
a
movie
star
will
come
to
our
city
but
I
don't
know
when
(he
will
come
to
our
city)．
我知道一个电影明星将要来我们市，但我不知道他什么时候来。
三、其他的省略情况
1．动词不定式的省略
(1)当不定式在形容词afraid,
anxious,
eager,
glad,
happy,
ready,
willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。
◆You
can't
force
him
to
answer
the
question
if
he's
not
ready
to
(answer
the
question)．
如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。
(2)某些使役动词，如make,
let,
have等和感官动词，如see,
watch,
notice,
observe,
hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。
◆We
often
hear
her
sing
an
English
song
in
the
classroom.
→She
is
often
heard
to
sing
an
English
song
in
the
classroom.(被动语态)
我们经常听见她在教室唱英文歌。
(3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。
◆He
likes
to
swim
more
than
(to)
skate.
比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。
◆He
believes
it
important
to
study
rather
than
to
make
friends.(比较)
他认为最重要的是学习而不是交朋友。
(4)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略to后的内容。常见的动词有agree,
afford,
expect,
forget,
hope,
manage,
pretend,
remember,
refuse,
want,
wish,
would
like等。
◆—Will
you
go
to
the
cinema
with
me
—I'd
like
to
(go
with
you)．
——你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？
——我愿意。
(5)介词but,
except
(除了)
前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。
◆All
he
could
do
was
nothing
but
wait
and
see.
他所能做的只有等着瞧。
(6)当不定式在be
going
to,
be
able
to,
have
to,
ought
to,
used
to后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。
◆They
didn't
visit
their
parents
as
much
as
they
ought
to
(visit
their
parents)．
他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。
2．使用so，not等时的省略
为了避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句，与believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，speak，suppose，think，I'm
afraid等连用。so表示赞同前述的事实，not表示不赞同前述的事实。
◆—Has
she
ever
been
to
London
—I
don't
think
so.(＝I
don't
think
she
has
ever
been
to
London.)
——她曾到过伦敦吗？
——我想她没去过。
◆—Will
it
rain
tomorrow
—I
hope
not.(＝I
hope
it
won't
rain
tomorrow.)
——明天会下雨吗？
——我希望不会。
◆—Can
you
come
next
week
—I'm
afraid
not.(＝I'm
afraid
that
I
cannot
come.)
——你下星期能来吗？
——恐怕我不能来。
Ⅰ.用省略句改写下列句子
1．When
I
was
asked
how
to
get
to
the
train
station,
I
told
him
right
away.
→_________________________________________,
I
told
him
right
away.
2．You
can
ask
my
brother
for
help
if
it
is
necessary.
→You
can
ask
my
brother
for
help
_______________.
3．We
don't
go
to
the
cinema
as
much
as
we
used
to
go
to
the
cinema.
→We
don't
go
to
the
cinema
____________________.
When
asked
how
to
get
to
the
train
station
if
necessary　
as
much
as
we
used
to
4．No
matter
how
frequently
they
are
performed,
the
works
of
Beethoven
still
attract
people
all
over
the
world.
→__________________________________，
the
works
of
Beethoven
still
attract
people
all
over
the
world.
5．If
the
experiment
can
be
done
carefully,
it
is
sure
to
succeed.
→____________________，
the
experiment
is
sure
to
succeed.
6．While
I
was
walking
along
the
street,
I
heard
my
name
called.
→________________________________，
I
heard
my
name
called.
No
matter
how
frequently
performed　
If
done
carefully
While
walking
along
the
street
7．When
it
is
possible,
people
should
use
reproducible
energy
instead
of
fossil
energy.
→________________，
people
should
use
reproducible
energy
instead
of
fossil
energy.
8．He
looked
everywhere
as
if
he
was
in
search
of
something.
→He
looked
everywhere
______________________________.
When
possible　
as
if
in
search
of
something　
9．Though
he
was
tired,
he
kept
on
working
in
the
field.
→____________________，
he
kept
on
working
in
the
field.
10．The
boy
used
to
play
with
the
knife
though
his
father
told
him
not
to
play
with
the
knife.
→The
boy
used
to
play
with
the
knife
though
his
father
____________________.
Though
tired
told
him
not
to
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．除非你被邀请发言，否则你应该在这次会议上保持沉默。
____________________，you
should
remain
silent
at
the
conference.
2．亨利通过期末考试的可能性很小，但他仍希望通过。
Henry
is
less
likely
to
pass
the
end of term
exam,
but
he
still
_______________.
3．他们的友谊一旦失去，就无法再挽回。
______________，
their
friendship
won't
be
won
back.
Unless
invited
to
speak　
hopes
to　
Once
lost
4．在那家意大利餐馆里，我很难在菜单上找到合适的食物。
I
__________________________________________
on
the
menu
in
that
Italian
restaurant.
5．让我惊讶的是，我儿子的作业比预期完成得要好。
To
my
surprise,
my
son
finished
his
homework
____________________.
had
great
difficulty
finding
the
suitable
food　
better
than
expected
指导性说明文
[文体分析]
本写作任务要求写安全指南，属于指导性说明文。此类写作的特点是：目的明确、简洁明了、步骤清晰、操作性强。句型以祈使句为主，时态以一般现在时为主，人称多用第一人称或第二人称。本文可分三部分：第一部分：引入话题(比如：遇到有人溺水怎么办)；第二部分：说明如何施救；第三部分：总结全文(说明实施急救的重要性)。
[常用句式]
1．We
should
check
whether
the
person
can
breathe
or
not.
2．Use
the
mouth to mouth
method
within
five
minutes.
3．Lay
the
patient
down
on
a
coat
or
sleeping
bag
if
possible.
4．Cover
the
wound
with
a
bandage
or
a
piece
of
dry
clean
cloth.
5．Don't
try
to
move
the
person
unless
he
is
in
danger.
6．Don't
give
the
person
anything
to
eat
or
drink.
[写作要求]
假设你是李华，你们学校的英语网站正面向全校学生征集有关安全指南的英文稿件。请你给该网站投稿，介绍交通事故方面的急救常识。
内容包括：
1．首先保持镇静；
2．检查伤者呼吸情况，呼吸困难要实施人工呼吸；
3．如伤者有出血情况要用布按压止血，然后等候救护车及警察的帮助。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[审题谋篇]
体裁
说明文
话题
如何实施急救
时态
一般现在时
人称
第二人称
[词句推敲]
1．词汇
①反应　　　____________________
②帮助
____________________
③伤口
____________________
④核实
____________________
⑤注意
____________________
respond　
assistance　
wound　
check
out
　pay
attention
to
2．句式
①知道如何正确地应对起着重要的作用。
Knowing
how
to
respond
properly
can
make
a
big
difference.
→_________________________________________
can
make
a
big
difference.(用强调句型改写句子)
②这里有一些规则。你可以遵守这些规则。
Here
are
some
rules.
You
can
follow
these
rules.
→_____________________________________
(用定语从句合并句子)
It
is
knowing
how
to
respond
properly
that
Here
are
some
rules
that
you
can
follow.
③如果有必要的话，要实施人工呼吸进行紧急救助。
If
it
is
necessary,
use
the
mouth to mouth
technique
to
give
immediate
assistance.
→_______________，
use
the
mouth to mouth
technique
to
give
immediate
assistance.(用省略句改写句子)
If
necessary
[妙笔成篇]
[参考范文]
First
Aid
for
Accidents
If
you
happen
to
witness
an
accident,
what
should
you
do
to
save
other
people's
lives
It
is
knowing
how
to
respond
properly
that
can
make
a
big
difference.Here
are
some
rules
that
you
can
follow.
Firstly,
you
must
stay
calm
and
call
the
police
and
an
ambulance.
Next,
pay
attention
to
the
person's
breathing,
especially
if
he
is
having
trouble
getting
his
breath.
If
necessary,
use
the
mouth to mouth
technique
to
give
immediate
assistance.
Besides,
if
the
injured
person
is
bleeding,
press
a
clean
towel
or
cloth
onto
his
wound.
Finally,
stay
with
the
injured
person
and
comfort
him
until
the
arrival
of
the
police
and
ambulance.
课后
限时训练
名著赏析·素养提能
【导读】　《谁动了我的奶酪？》是美国作家斯宾塞·约翰逊写的一个寓言故事，每页都配有主人公滑稽可爱、个性鲜明的漫画形象。该书自1998年9月出版后，两年中销售2
000万册，同时迅速跃居《纽约时报》《华尔街日报》《商业周刊》最畅销图书排行榜第一名。
Who
moved
my
cheese？(excerpt)
Once,
long
ago
in
a
land
far
away,
there
lived
four
little
characters
who
ran
through
a
maze
looking
for
cheese
to
nourish
them
and
make
them
happy.
Two
were
mice
named
“Sniff”
and
“Scurry”
and
two
were
little
people—beings
who
were
as
small
as
mice
but
who
looked
and
acted
a
lot
like
people
today.
Their
names
were
“Hem”
and
“Haw”．
Due
to
their
small
size,
it
would
be
easy
not
to
notice
what
the
four
of
them
were
doing.
But
if
you
looked
closely
enough,
you
could
discover
the
most
amazing
things!
Every
day,
the
mice
and
the
little
people
spent
time
in
the
Maze
looking
for
their
own
special
cheese.
The
mice,
Sniff
and
Scurry,
possessing
only
simple
rodent
brains,
but
good
instincts,
searched
for
the
hard
nibbling
cheese
they
liked,
as
mice
often
do.
The
two
little
people,
Hem
and
Haw,
used
their
brains,
filled
with
many
beliefs
and
emotions,
to
search
for
a
very
different
kind
of
Cheese—with
a
capital
C—which
they
believed
would
make
them
feel
happy
and
successful.
As
different
as
the
mice
and
little
people
were,
they
shared
something
in
common.
Every
morning,
they
each
put
on
their
jogging
suits
and
running
shoes,
left
their
little
homes,
and
raced
out
into
the
Maze
looking
for
their
favorite
cheese.
The
Maze
was
a
labyrinth
of
corridors
and
chambers,
some
containing
delicious
cheese.
But
there
were
also
dark
corners
and
blind
alleys
leading
nowhere.
It
was
an
easy
place
for
anyone
to
get
lost.
《谁动了我的奶酪？》(节选)
从前，在一个遥远的地方，住着四个小家伙。为了填饱肚子和享受乐趣，他们在一座迷宫里跑来跑去，在那里寻找一种叫“奶酪”的食物。
有两个小家伙是老鼠，一个叫“嗅嗅”，另一个叫“匆匆”。另外两个家伙则是小矮人，和老鼠一般大小，但和人一个模样，而且他们的行为也和我们今天的人类差不多。他们的名字，一个叫“哼哼”，另一个叫“唧唧”。
由于他们四个实在太小了，他们在干什么当然不太会引起旁人的注意。但如果你凑近去仔细观察，你会发现许多令人惊奇不已的事情！
两个老鼠和两个小矮人每天都在迷宫中度过，在其中寻找他们各自喜欢的奶酪。嗅嗅、匆匆的大脑和其他啮齿类动物的差不多一样简单，但他们有很好的直觉。和别的老鼠一样，他们喜欢的是那种适合啃咬的、硬一点的奶酪。
而那两个小矮人，哼哼和唧唧，则靠脑袋行事，他们的脑袋里装满了各种信念和情感。他们要找的是一种特殊的带字母“C”的奶酪。他们相信，这样的奶酪会给他们带来幸福，使他们成功。
尽管小老鼠和小矮人的目标各不相同，但他们做的事情有些是差不多的。每天早上，他们会各自穿上运动服和慢跑鞋，离开他们的小房子，跑进迷宫寻找他们各自钟爱的奶酪。
迷宫中有许多曲折的走廊和好像蜂窝似的房间，其中的一些房间里藏着美味的奶酪，但有的地方则是黑暗的角落和隐蔽的死胡同，任何人走进去都很容易迷路。
7．Once,
long
ago
in
a
land
far
away,
there
lived
four
little
characters
who
ran
through
a
maze
looking
for
cheese
to
nourish
them
and
make
them
happy.
分析：该句中who引导的定语从句修饰先行词characters；looking
for
cheese是现在分词短语作伴随状语。