课件20张PPT。Period Ⅰ Listening， Speaking and Talking课前·情境导入[思维激活]
从网络上搜索歌曲，根据所听内容，在下面歌词空格处填入正确的单词。
Take Me Home, Country Road
Almost heaven West Virginia
Blue Ridge Mountain，Shenandoah River
Life is old there, Older than the ①____________
Younger than the ②____________， Growing like a ③____________
Country roads, take me home, To the place I ④____________trees mountains breeze belongWest Virginia, Mountain Mama
Take me home, country roads
All my ⑤____________， Gather round her
Miners' Lady, Stranger to blue water
Dark and ⑥____________， Painted on the sky
Misty taste of moonshine, Tear drops in my eyes
Country roads, take me home
To the place I belong
West Virginia, Mountain Mama
Take me home, country roadsmemories dustyI hear her ⑦____________ in the morning hours, She calls me
The radio ⑧____________ me of my home far away
And driving down the road, I get a feeling
That I should have been home, Yesterday, yesterday
Country roads, take me home
To the place I belong, West Virginia
Mountain Mama, Take me home, country roadsvoice reminds乡村路带我回家
在天堂般的西弗吉尼亚
有蓝岭山脉， 谢南多厄河
那儿生灵悠远，比树木更年长
比群山更年轻，如清风般成长
乡村之路， 带我回家，那儿是我的归宿
西弗吉尼亚，大山妈妈
乡村之路，带我回家
我的一切记忆，都萦绕在她身旁她是矿工们的圣母，从未见过蓝色海水
阴霾与尘灰，印在天空上
月光朦胧的滋味， 我的眼泪汪汪
乡村之路，带我回家
那儿是我的归宿
西弗吉尼亚， 大山妈妈
乡村之路，带我回家
清晨我听见她的声音， 在呼唤着我收音机使我想起遥远的家乡
开车驶过公路，心中有种感觉
昨天，昨天， 我早该回到家中
乡村之路，带我回家
那儿是我的归宿， 西弗吉尼亚
大山妈妈， 乡村之路， 带我回家[话题延伸]
Ⅰ.听下面一段对话，回答第1至3题
1．Which pile will the woman put the old toys with?
A．The books.
B．The letters.
C．The records.
2．How will the woman deal with the old letters?
A．By keeping them.
B．By throwing them away.
C．By giving them away.3．Who will use the baseball bat?
A．The woman's kid.
B．The woman's nephew.
C．The woman's neighbor.
答案：1－3 ABCⅡ.听下面一段材料，在空白处填入你听到的词语
M：When I was young, I lived in a place that had a lot of trees, many rivers, and was near a big 1.____________.We had a large house with a garden and lots of grass. My brothers and sisters and I played outside whenever we could in our own yard, in our neighbors' yards, and in the 2.____________ yards down the street. We rode bikes and played 3.____________ with friends. But I always thought that there was something 4.____________ in my environment, as wonderful as it was. I liked going to the big lake the most. Even there, though, Ilake empty ballgames missing felt I 5.____________ something more. The lake was big, but you could still see land on the 6.____________ side. One day, my family took a trip to New York City. As we drove on the freeway, I looked out the window at the 7.____________.For as far as I could see, there was no 8.____________ on the other side. I rolled down the window and heard the 9.____________ of the sea birds. They seemed to call me, telling me I would 10.____________ be able to live away from the sea again.needed other ocean land sounds never Ⅲ.在网上查阅一些资料后向你的同学用英语介绍一下你所在的城市或乡村
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________Example：
Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi Province, is one of China's heavy industrial cities.
Situated on the Fen River and surrounded by mountains on its three sides, Taiyuan, once an important military and cultural town in ancient times, has a history of more than 2,500 years. That's why Taiyuan is rich in tourist attractions and the most popular place is Jinci Temple, the earliest existing royal garden in China. Another landmark of Taiyuan is Tianlong Mountain Caves, where many vivid sculptures dating from the Eastern Wei Dynasty can be seen. In addition, Taiyuan is famous for food made of flour, among which noodles should be recommended first. They make the mouth of food-lovers water.Ⅳ.课外阅读
The History of Chinatown
China has the largest population in the world. As a result, no matter where we go, we can always see our people around. The foreign media play the joke that Chinese people are invading their countries. Almost in every country, there is a Chinatown, where Chinese people live and work. There is no doubt that the biggest Chinatown is in San Francisco, whose history can be tracked back more than 100 years ago. At that time, the old China was very poor and many men came to California to seek for gold. They wished came back as rich persons, but very unluckily, most of them lived the poor life and they gathered in a place, which is known as Chinatown today.
Chinatown is a place for Chinese people to live and work .As more and more Chinese people gather in every corner of the world, Chinatown is built everywhere .We can see the familiar style when we get there, which makes people feel like at home. For foreign friends, they want to learn Chinese culture in this place, so Chinatown also spreads Chinese tradition to the world.唐人街历史
中国是世界上人口最多的国家，因此，无论我们去到哪里，总能看到我们的国人。外国媒体开玩笑说中国人正在入侵他们的国家。几乎在每个国家，都有一个唐人街，那里是中国人生活和工作的地方。
毫无疑问，最大的唐人街是在旧金山，其历史可以追溯到100多年前。当时，旧中国很穷，很多人来到加利福尼亚寻找黄金。他们希望带着财富回来，但是很不幸的是他们中的大多数人生活贫困，他们聚集在一个地方，在今天被称为唐人街。 唐人街是中国人居住和工作的地方。随着越来越多的中国人聚集在世界的每一个角落，唐人街变得无处不在。当我们身处其中，可以看到熟悉的风格，让人觉得就像是在中国一样。对于外国朋友来说，他们想在这个地方学习中国文化，所以唐人街也向世界传播中国传统文化。
词海拾贝
1．invade v．侵入，侵略；干扰
2．familiar adj.熟悉的；通晓的；随便的
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This music would sound more ethnic (民族的) if you played it in steel drums.
2．Varieties of these crops have been collected from all around the district (地区)．
3．Afterward(s) (后来) she was sorry for what she'd said.
4．Immigrant(移民) tales have always been popular themes in fiction.
5．Only a minority (少数) of students are interested in politics these days.
6．Scientists are claiming (宣称)a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．There is a need for greater diversity (diverse)and choice in education.
2．The man has been used to being_praised (praise) by his clerks in public.
3．I often think about those less fortunate(fortune) than me.
4．I definitely (definite) remember sending the letter.
5．Does it occur to you that he can complete this piece of work so quickly?
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．除了主人外，那里的人我一个也不认识。
Apart_from_my_host,_I didn't know a single person there.
2．不久他们就离开了家乡，到南方闯市场去了。
It was not long before they left their village to_seek_their_fortune_in_the_south.
3．学生们提出了一系列问题。
The students have put_forward_a_series_of_questions.
4．即便我们在奥运会上夺冠，我们还是不得不要挣钱谋生的。
Even if we win at the Olympics, we_will_still_have_to_earn_a_living.
5．我想到可以让人把书寄给我。
It_occurred_to_me_that I could have the book sent to me.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Like many young people around the world, Emmanuel dreamed of getting a university education in the United States.The 26-year-old is an undocumented immigrant.This means he does not have the official permission needed to enter, live in, or work in the U．S.Emmanuel came to America from Mexico five years ago, when he discovered that he had to learn English and his dream was much more difficult to achieve.The major difficulty he realized was that there were very few opportunities for him to really receive a formal education.
Federal laws do not prevent immigrants from going to college.But laws do ban illegal immigrants from receiving government financial aid.The average cost of a four-year degree at a public university is $9,410. By comparison, the average cost at a private university is $32,405.
Many immigrants come to the U．S.with little money, so they usually can't afford the expensive education.Emmanuel read about University of the People which has no tuition fee.The classes and teaching materials are all free online.All the teachers are volunteers.But students must be at least 18 years old and have completed high school.The university just requires students to pay a $50 application fee when they are admitted and a $100 test fee when they complete a class.
Shai Reshef is the president of University of the People.He was born in Israel.He decided to create a tuition-free university after visiting several poor countries, where people had limited higher education opportunities.He notes that University of the People is a model to show universities and governments that the issue can be solved.Higher education can be affordable, can be high-quality and shouldn't leave anyone behind.
Currently, there are more than 2,500 students studying with the University of the People.It only provides degrees in computer science and business administration.The university expects the student number to double next year.
[语篇解读] 伊曼纽尔梦想着在美国接受大学教育，他从墨西哥非法移民来到了美国，却发现自己的梦想比想象的更加难以实现，幸运的是他找到了美国人民大学。
1．What's the biggest problem for Emmanuel?
A．He didn't understand English at all.
B．It took him several years to find a job.
C．It was hard for him to receive education.
D．He missed his native country very much.
解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“The major difficulty he realized was that there were very few opportunities for him to really receive a formal education.”可知，最大的困难是像他这样的非法移民很难有机会在美国真正接受正规教育。
答案：C
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 2?
A．It's against the U．S.laws for immigrants to get a college education.
B．The cost of public universities is higher than that of private ones.
C．People pay $32,405 each year for learning at a private university.
D．The U．S.government doesn't offer illegal immigrants money help.
解析：细节理解题。由第二段可知，美国联邦法律未禁止移民上大学，但是法律禁止非法移民获得政府的财政援助。
答案：D
3．What does Shai Reshef think about higher education?
A．It is difficult in Israel.
B．The cost of it needs to be increased.
C．It should be accessible to everybody.
D．People in poor countries don't need to receive it.
解析：推理判断题。由第四段可知，校长沙伊·瑞希夫指出，美国人民大学是一个典范，向各个大学和政府表明高等教育问题是可以解决的。高等教育是可以负担得起的、高质量的，而且不应该抛弃任何人。
答案：C
4．What do we know about the University of the People?
A．It is enjoying a good market.
B．There are a wide variety of courses.
C．Students need to pay nothing to study there.
D．Anybody over the age of 18 will be accepted.
解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的“The university expects the student number to double next year.”可知，美国人民大学预计明年的人数将翻倍，即这个学校很有市场。由第三段可知，C、D两项错误。
答案：A
B
The last time I saw him was 12 years ago.Twelve years has passed, and I still remember eating pomegranates (石榴) while his thin hands combed through my hair.To this day, I still remember stories my grandfather used to tell me.As a child living in Korea, my grandfather was my closest friend, the man I spent every day with and depended on for back rides.We were inseparable from the moment we awoke until I fell asleep in his arms.I ate the food he prepared, and he was my pillow and storyteller.Little did we know that a day would come when his first granddaughter would leave.My father was to be stationed in the United States and time would blur (使……变模糊) our images of each other.
On the summer of my sixteenth birthday, I would see my grandfather again.On the plane, thoughts of him ran through my mind during all 14 hours of the flight.Would he look the same? Would he be healthy? Did he still have the pictures I drew for him? Most importantly, would he remember me? I was short then and always smiling.He dressed me.Twelve years later, I was taller and had a different figure.I picked out my own outfits and had my own sense of style.I was scared he wouldn't recognize I was his granddaughter.
I landed in the airport and rode with my aunt and cousin to my grandfather's house, where we found him pacing back and forth, awaiting my arrival.He looked the same, and as soon as I stepped out of the car and faced him, I began to cry.He ran toward me.“Tina！” My grandfather kept yelling.We met each other with open arms and he whispered，“I've been waiting for my granddaughter to come home.I missed you, my little Tina.Welcome home.”Our eyes filled with tears as we walked up the stairs, arm in arm, telling each other all the events we had missed in each other's life.He did remember.After all, I am his first granddaughter.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”从小生活在爷爷身边，四岁时随父亲到美国定居，十二年后再次回去见爷爷，一路上总是担心爷爷认不出自己，但没想到一下车爷爷就认出了“我”。
5．It can be inferred that in childhood the author always ________.
A．ate the food her grandmother prepared
B．remembered the stories her grandmother told
C．rode on her grandfather's back
D．got on well with her father
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第四句“As a child living in Korea...for back rides.”可知，“我”每天都和爷爷在一起，骑在他背上玩耍。故答案选C。
答案：C
6．How old was the author when she left her grandfather?
A．About 12 years old.
B．About 6 years old.
C．About 4 years old.
D．About 2 years old.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，“我”最后一次见到爷爷是十二年前；根据第二段第一句可知，十六岁生日的那年夏天“我”再次见到了爷爷；由此可推知，作者是在四岁的时候离开爷爷的。故答案选C。
答案：C
7．Why did the author think her grandfather probably would not make her out?
A．Because her grandfather was forgetful.
B．Because she was already a “big girl”．
C．Because she was already an American.
D．Because her grandfather was too old.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was short then...my own sense of style.”可知，十二年后，“我”长高了，形象不一样了，所以担心爷爷认不出“我”。故答案选B。
答案：B
8．The author met her grandfather ________.
A．in the airport
B．by herself
C．with her parents
D．with her relatives
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“I landed in the airport and rode with my aunt and cousin to my grandfather's house”可知，作者是和亲戚一块去见爷爷的。故答案选D。
答案：D
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
Good hobbies for children can bring much pleasure to them and their parents. 1 Some kids like swimming or playing some other types of sports.Some may like quiet hobbies such as reading，art，music，cooking，or computer games.
Good hobbies for kids can be any type of activity that is beneficial to their overall growth，not to mention the self-esteem and skills they build，which will help them later in life.Good hobbies for kids today are as varied and creative as imagination. 2 Don't fear.Here are some simple tips to help in finding good hobbies for kids.
When you are selecting good hobbies for kids，one of the important things to remember is not to push your kids too hard; otherwise they may quit before they really try them.My daughter joined a sport in the 6th grade. 3 I just let her try it herself，and now it has turned out to be a good thing for her self-esteem and mental ability.
Also some good hobbies for kids are age-appropriate，which can be very good for developing specific areas your child may need help in. 4 Older children who can read would enjoy the guitar，while younger ones will enjoy playing the toy drums while singing.
Finally，the most important is to get to know your kids before helping them to develop good hobbies.Don't just follow the steps of other parents because every kid is different. 5
A．On the other hand，bad hobbies are harmful to people.
B．For example，some musical instruments are age-specific.
C．Good hobbies for one child may not be good for another.
D．A good hobby gives us not only pleasure but also knowledge.
E．I felt it was a good，healthy hobby，but I didn't push her to it too hard.
F．Hobbies are defined as anything a person likes to do in the spare time.
G．For busy working parents，finding the right hobbies for their children can be a hard job.
答案：1－5 FGEBC
课件31张PPT。Period Ⅱ Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking课前 自主学习 课堂 合作探究课后 限时训练新知探求
Ⅰ.根据词义写出正确的单词
1．____________ adj.加有香料的；辛辣的
2．____________ adj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的
3．____________ vi. & vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)
4．____________ vi.发生；出现
5．____________ adv.在市中心；往市中心
6．____________ n．传教(区)；重要任务；使命spicy ethnic admit occurdowntown mission7．____________ n．地区；区域
8．___________ n．连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的
9．____________ adv.以后；后来
10．____________ vt. & vi.寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
11．____________ vt. & vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得
12．____________ n．简图；图解；图表；示意图
13．____________ n．日志；日记；报纸；刊物
14．____________ vt. & n．夺取(生命)；宣称；断言
15．____________ n．少数民族；少数派；少数人district comicafterwards seek earn diagramjournal claim minorityⅡ.词汇拓展
1．____________ adj.不同的；多种多样的→____________ n．差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性
2．___________ n．机会；运气→____________ adj.幸运的；交好运的；吉利的
3．____________ vi. & vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)→____________n．承认；坦白；入场费
4．____________ adj.肯定的；确定的→____________ adv.肯定；确实diverse diversity fortune fortunate admit admission definite definitely5．____________ n．历史→____________ adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的→____________ adj.(有关)历史的
6．____________ v．(从外地)移居；移民→____________ n．(外来)移民；外侨→____________ n．移居(入境)；移民人数
7．____________ vt.选择；挑选；选拔→____________ n．选举；选择history historic historical immigrate immigrant immigrationselect selectionoccur minority diversity definitely ethnicseek historical admitⅣ.根据汉语意思补全短语
1．head ____________(朝)……前进；(向)……去
2．____________ one's fortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
3．earn ____________ living谋生
4．series ____________一系列或一连串(事件)
5．apart ____________除了……外(还)；此外to seek a of from【词汇攻略】
1．带后缀-ing的名词集锦
①crossing十字路口
②training训练
③feeling感觉
④wedding婚礼
⑤marketing促销
⑥spending花销
⑦engineering工程
⑧well-being幸福2．后缀“-or”表示“人”的高频名词
①conductor售票员；列车员
②administrator管理者；行政人员
③director导演；主管
④educator教育工作者
⑤editor编辑
⑥inventor发明家；发明者
⑦operator操作员；接线员
⑧translator翻译家；译者语篇研析
Ⅰ.速读文章并完成下面的问题
The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A．why the author likes the city of San Francisco
B．what Mexicans did for the Mission District
C．San Francisco has diverse cultures because of immigrants
D．Chinese have made great contributions to the city
答案：CⅡ.细读文章并选出最佳答案
1．According to the text we can learn that ________.
A．the family of the author is in San Francisco
B．the author likes the city very much
C．California became a big city depending on Chinese
D．immigrants left their countries carrying their home
2．Which statement about the Mission District is true?
A．People here are mainly from China or Central America.
B．It is the oldest part of the city and a poor area of town.
C．It's a center for graffiti art and comic art.
D．The street art there is quite modern and lively.3．After reading the passage we can draw a conclusion that ________.
A．San Francisco is a city mostly influenced by immigrants
B．San Francisco is a city which is to be the center for art
C．Chinatown has only Cantonese restaurant for visitors
D．gold was discovered in 1848 so the city is rich now
答案：1－3 BDAⅢ.句式分析
There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge.
[分析] “many sitting on top of big hills”是独立主格结构作“buildings”的____________；“offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge”是现在分词短语作____________。
[翻译] _____________________________________________________________
__________________________定语 状语有那么多漂亮的老建筑——许多坐落在大山顶上，可以看到城市、海洋和金门大桥的美景。Ⅳ.概要写作
根据P28课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________答案：
San Francisco is a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America. It is now a center for art, music, and food. America got California from Mexico in 1848.In the same year, a gold rush happened, which made it a big city. Many Chinese arrived during this period. America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures.【学而思】
Minorities have made great contributions to our country.Can you tell us how we can get along well with them in our big family?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________1．admit v．承认；准许进入；接纳；可容纳
[P28教材原文]I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
我必须承认，再次回到这个城市的感觉确实很好。
[归纳拓展]
admit doing/having done sth. 承认做/做过某事
admit sb.to/into 准许某人进入；允许某人加入
be admitted to/into 被接收(入学/入院/入党等)
admit that... 承认……She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
她问我是否已经把书还给了图书馆，我承认我还没有归还。
Thankfully, my dream to be admitted to/into my favourite university will come true.
谢天谢地，我升入理想大学的梦想将要实现了。[即学即练]
句型转换
We should have the courage to admit our mistakes.
→We should have the courage to admit __________________________________. (admit doing sth.)
→We should have the courage to admit ______________________________. (admit that...)making mistakes/having made mistakes that we have made mistakes2．occur vi.发生；出现；(想法、念头等)想起；浮现
[P28教材原文]And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.
多好的一个城市，一个在1906年地震后能够重建自己的城市。
[归纳拓展]
sth.occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that... 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever.
多年前，在我的生活中发生了一件会永远改变我人生的关键事件。
It occurred to me to ask my teacher for help.
我突然想到向我的老师求助。
It never occurs to him that he should make such great progress in his study.
他从来没有想到他竟会在学习中获得如此大的进步。[即学即练]
一句多译
我从来没想到你能说服他改变主意。
①_____________________________ you could persuade him to change his mind. (occur)
②________________________ you could persuade him to change his mind. (strike)It never occurred to me that It never struck me that 3．used to过去(常常)……
[P28教材原文]This district used to be a poor area of town, but is now a centre for art, music, and food.
这个地区过去是城镇的贫困地区，但现在是艺术、音乐和食物的中心。
[归纳拓展]
(1)there used to be... 过去常常有……
be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯(做)某事
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
(2)used to的否定形式有两种：used not to和didn't use toHe used to stay up late, but now he is used to going to bed early.
他以前总是熬夜到很晚，但是他现在已经习惯早睡了。
Wood can be used to make fire.
木柴可以用来生火。
You used to go there, didn't you?
你过去常到那里去，不是吗？
[即学即练]
完成句子
在他们房子的后面曾经有一个美丽的大花园。
__________________________________________ at the back of their house.There used to be a big and beautiful garden4．seek vt. & vi.寻求，寻找；追求；探求，探索；试图
[P28教材原文]Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city.
超过30万人从世界各地来寻找他们的财富，旧金山迅速成为一个大城市。
[归纳拓展]
seek to do sth. (正式)试图做某事
seek one's fortune 寻找致富(或成功)的机会
seek after/for 追求，寻求
seek out 挑选出；找出On the Internet people can seek for/after information about their favourite stars and buy tickets at a discount as well.
在网络上人们可以搜寻有关他们最喜欢的明星的信息而且能买到打折的票。
Scientists have been seeking to understand the mystery.
科学家一直在试图解开这个谜团。
Many young people leave their hometown to seek their fortune in big cities.
很多年轻人离开家乡到大城市寻找成功的机会。[即学即练]
翻译句子
我们试图寻找一种方法使我们和他人相处融洽。
________________________________________________________We seek to find a way to make us get along well with others.5．earn a living谋生
[P28教材原文]To earn a living, some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.
为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。
[归纳拓展]
earn/make a living＝earn one's living 谋生
earn one's own living 自食其力
earn money/a fortune 挣钱/大钱
earn sb.praise/a reputation 为某人赢得赞扬/名声Many graduates don't earn their living by themselves but depend on their parents.
许多毕业生不是自己谋生而是依靠他们的父母。
In the past decades, he has earned a reputation as an expert on translation.
在过去的几十年中，他赢得了翻译专家的美名。
[即学即练]
完成句子
作为教师，她已赢得了她的学生们的尊重。
As a teacher, she has __________________________________.earned the respect of her students课后 限时训练课件41张PPT。Period Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures语法 专项突破省略
诵读下列句子并感知句中省略了什么
1．(教材P28)And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.______________________________
2．(教材P28)This district used to be a poor area of town, but is now a centre for art, music, and food. ________________
3．(教材P28)A real mix of cultures here！________________what a city后面省略了it is but后省略了it 句首省略了it is 4．(教材P28)When these immigrants left their countries, they carried a bit of home in their hearts, and built a new home here.____________________
5．(教材P29)What great food！____________________
6．(教材P29)Can't wait！________________built前面省略了they food后面省略了it is 句首省略了I 一、词法上的省略
1．名词所有格后修饰的名词在以下情况可以省略
(1)如果名词所有格修饰的名词在前文已出现，则可以省略。如：
These are John's books and those are Mary's (books)．这些是约翰的书，那些是玛丽的书。 (2)名词所有格后修饰的名词如果是指商店、住宅等地点时，这些名词也常常省略。如：
at the doctor's 在诊所
at Mr.Green's 在格林先生家
to my uncle's 到我叔叔家
at the barber's 在理发店2．冠词的省略
(1)为了避免重复
The lightning flashed and thunder crashed.电闪雷鸣。(thunder前省略了定冠词the)
(2)在the next day (morning, week, year...)等短语中，有时为了使语气紧凑，定冠词the 常可以省略。如：We went to the farm to help the farmers with the harvest (the) next day.
第二天，我们去农场帮助农民收庄稼。 (3)在副词的最高级前面的定冠词常可以省略。如：
She sings best in the class.她在班上唱歌唱得最好。
(4)在某些独立主格结构中。如：
Our teacher came in, a book in hand.(＝Our teacher came in, with a book in his hand.)
我们的老师手里拿着一本书进来了。
(5)在as引导的让步状语从句中，当作表语的单数名词提前时，不定冠词要省略。如：
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
虽然他还是一个孩子，却懂得很多。 3．介词的省略
(1)both 后常跟of短语，其后可以接名词复数形式，也可以接代词宾格复数形式。接复数名词时，介词of可以省略，但接代词宾格时，of不能省略。如：
Both (of) the films were interesting.
这两部电影都很有趣。
She invited both of us to her birthday party.
她邀请我们俩去参加她的生日派对。 (2)在现在完成时表持续和重复的句型中，一段时间前的介词for可以省略。如：
These shoes are worn out.They have lasted (for) a long time.
这双鞋穿破了，已经穿了很长一段时间了。
(3)被动结构中，如果没有必要强调动作的执行者，则可以省略介词by短语。如：
The letter was posted (by me) yesterday.
这封信是(被我)昨天寄出去的。 (4)和一些动词搭配构成的短语中的介词，如：consider...(as)．.., prevent/stop...(from) doing..., have trouble/difficulty (in) doing...，spend...(in/on) doing...等中的介词可以省略。如：
Trees can prevent the earth (from) being washed away.
树能阻止泥土被冲走。
Can you stop him (from) going swimming in the river?
你能阻止他下河洗澡吗？
I have some difficulty (in) answering the question.
回答这个问题我有点困难。 4．动词不定式中的省略
(1)有些动词，如believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作宾补的结构to be ＋ n．/adj.中的to be可以省略。如：
I consider him (to be) lazy.我认为他懒。
His mother found him (to be) a clever boy.
他母亲发觉他是一个聪明的孩子。 (2)感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等以及使役动词let, make, have后作宾补的动词不定式中的不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，to必须保留。如：
They made the boy go to bed early.
他们强迫这个男孩早睡。
The boy was made to go to bed early.
这个男孩被迫早睡。
注：help后作宾补的动词不定式中的to可以省略也可以保留。 (3)在can not but, can not choose but, can not help but之后的动词不定式一般不带to; but之前有实义动词do的某个形式do, does, did, done 时，也不带to, 否则要带to。如：
We have nothing to do now but wait.
我们现在除了等没有别的事可做。
I can not but admire his courage.
我不能不钦佩他的勇敢。
He has no choice but to accept the fact.
除了接受这个事实他别无选择。 (4)在并列结构中为了避免重复，后一个to可以省略。如：
I'm really puzzled what to think or say.
我真不知道该怎么想或怎么说才好。
但两个不定式有对照或对比的意义时，则后一个to不能省略。如：
I came not to scold but to praise you.
我来不是责备你，而是表扬你。
(5)在why, why not 引导的特殊疑问句中后跟省略to的动词不定式。如：
Why talk so much about it? 为什么大谈这个事呢？
Why not try it again? 为什么不再试一试呢？ (6)动词不定式中动词原形部分是否省略，主要看句子前面是否已出现过同样的动词。如果句子前面出现过同样的动词，为了避免重复，句子后面的不定式常省略动词原形，而保留不定式符号to。如：
They may go if they wish to (go)．
如果他们想去，他们就可以去。
Don't go till I tell you to (go)．
直到我告诉你去，你才可以去。 (7)在一些动词，如afford, agree, expect, forget, mean, pretend, remember, want, refuse, hope，wish, would like/love, try等后跟动词不定式作宾语，不定式承前省略动词原形，只保留不定式符号to。如：
—Will you go to the cinema with me? 你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？
—Well, I'd like to (go with you)．我愿意。
I would do it for you, but I don't know how to (do it for you)．我想为你做这事，但我又不知如何做。 (8)在某些形容词，如afraid, glad, willing, happy, eager等后承前省略动词原形，只保留不定式符号to。如：
—Will you join us in the game? 你愿意和我们一起做这个游戏吗？
—Sure, I'll be glad to (join you in the game)．当然，我愿意。 (9)有些动词，如tell, ask, allow, expect, force, invite, permit, persuade, order, warn, wish, would like，forbid等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语、主语补足语时，不定式承前省略动词原形， 保留动词不定式符号to。如：
He didn't come, though we had invited him to (come)．尽管我们邀请他来，他却没来。
注：承前省略的动词不定式如果有助动词have或be，则要保留have或be。如：
—Are you a teacher? 你是老师吗？
—No, but I used to be (a teacher)．不，但我以前是。 二、句法中的省略
在一些简单句、并列句和复合句中，可以省略主语、谓语、宾语、表语等某一个句子成分，也可以省略多个句子成分。
1. 简单句中的省略
(1)感叹句中常省略主语和谓语。如：
What a hot day (it is)！多热的天啊！
How wonderful (it is)！多妙啊！ (2)在一些口语中可以省略某些句子成分。如：
—(Will you) Have a smoke? 你抽烟吗？
—No. Thanks.不，谢谢了。
(Is there) Anything else to say？还有别的要说吗？
2．并列句中的省略
(1)如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的那部分。如：
John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
约翰一定在踢球，而玛丽一定在做作业。 (2)主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略。如：
His suggestions made John happy, but (his suggestions made) Mary angry.
他的建议使约翰高兴，却使玛丽很生气。
(3)主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语。如：
Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but (he) soon returned to his old ways.
老麦克唐纳戒了一阵子烟，可很快又抽上了。 (4)在并列复合句中，如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其他一些成分与第一个并列句相同时，这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。如：
Jack will sing at the party, but I know that John won't (sing at the party)．
杰克将在晚会上唱歌，但我知道约翰不会在晚会上唱歌。 3．复合句中的省略
(1)名词性从句中的省略
①作宾语的从句中的谓语动词与主句的相同，则从句可以省略谓语，甚至主语。如：
Someone has used my bike, but I don't know who (has used it)．
有人用了我的自行车，但我不知道是谁。
He has gone, but no one knows where (he has gone)．
他走了，但没人知道他去哪儿了。 ②有时候也可以根据说话的情景来省略主句中的一些成分。如：
(I'm) Sorry, I've kept you waiting so long.
对不起，让你久等了。
③在某些表虚拟语气的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，从句谓语动词中的情态动词should可以省略。如：
It's important that we (should) speak to the old politely.
我们对老人说话要有礼貌，这很重要。(2)定语从句中的省略
①在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that, which, who (whom)常可以省略。如：
The man (that/who/whom) I saw is called Smith.
我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。
Where is the book (that/which) I bought this morning?
今天上午我买的那本书在哪儿？ ②关系副词when, where, why以及that在the time(day, morning, afternoon, evening，night, week, month, year等) when, the place (desk, table, room, spot, house, town，country, school等)where, the reason why, the way that结构中引导限制性定语从句，在非正式场合下，可以省略关系副词when, where, why, that。如：
I shall never forget the day (when) we first met.
我永远也不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。
The reason (why) he came so early is his own affair.
他来这么早是他自己的事。
The way (that) you answered the questions was admirable.
你回答这些问题的方式令人钦佩。(3)状语从句中的省略
当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
①在as, before, till, once, when, while等引导的时间状语从句中。如：
While (I was) waiting, I was reading some magazines.我一边看杂志，一边等。
②在though, although等引导的让步状语从句中。如：
Though (they were) tired, they went on working.
虽然(他们)累了，但他们仍继续工作。 ③在if, unless (＝if...not)等引导的条件状语从句中。如：
You shouldn't come to his party unless (you were) invited.
除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的宴会。
④在as, as if, as though引导的让步状语从句中。如：
He did as (he had been) told.
他按照被告知的那样去做了。
He paused as if (he was) expecting her to speak.
他停下来，好像是在期待她说话。 ⑤在as/so...as..., than引导的比较状语从句中。如：
I know you can do better than he (can do)．
我知道你能比他做得更好。
This car doesn't run as fast as that one (does)．
这辆小车不及那辆跑得快。 三、替代性省略
在一些交际用语中的某些动词，如think, suppose, expect, believe，guess等后常常和so, not等连用，以替代上文出现的内容。如：
—Do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting?
你认为他会来参加这个会议吗？
—I suppose not.我认为不会。Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．If ____________ (convenience), I will visit you this weekend and discuss what to do next with you.
2．Once ____________(encourage), he will have confidence to overcome the difficulties.
3．—Mary, how about going to the movies after supper?
—____________ (sound) great.
4．Though ____________ (surprise) to see us, the old man gave us a warm welcome.convenient encouraged Sounds surprised 5．He rushes out of the room as if ____________ (meet) some important person.
6．Knowing his trouble, I had nothing to do but ____________ (inspire) him to continue his work.
7．Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him not _______.to meet inspire to8．If ____________ (possibility), I'd like to work in the Ministry of Finance because I am good at mathematics and know much professional knowledge about finance.
9．____________(be) I a bird, I would fly to see you at once.
10．—Who should be responsible for the accident?
—The boss instead of the workers. They just carried out the order as ____________(tell)．possible Were toldⅡ.语法填空
My Travel Experience in China
During the summer holidays I visited a variety of regions in China.
My first stop was Beijing and of course the Great Wall. Without question it lived up to my 1.____________ (expect)． After a long journey I reached Yunnan. With 2.____________ (it) minority villages and impressive landscapes, Yunnan had a lot to offer. One of my 3.____________ (enjoy) moments in Yunnan was during my visit to the Tiger Leaping Gorge. The climb over the gorge was at times exhausting 4.___________ always breathtaking. The views couldn't 5.___________ (imagine) in their beauty and they 6.___________ (leave) me with many great memories.
After taking a boat from the mainland, I arrived at 7.____________ island province of Hainan. There I visited Baihua Waterfall. Floating on a pool of water at the base and looking up at the waterfall with a background of blue sky was one of the most 8.____________ (relax) experiences of my life. Throughout China there are many ancient buildings and in particular ancient towns. Lijiang and Dali both have glorious 9.____________ (example) of this. It was remarkable to step back in time and get an idea of 10.____________ China might have looked like all those years ago. I thought the buildings were beautiful and full of history.
I had a wonderful time! China is both fascinating and beautiful!
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者的暑期中国之旅，并具体介绍了游玩的城市及景点。1．解析：live up to one's expectation(s)是固定用法，意为“达到某人的期望”。故填expectation(s)。
答案：expectation(s)
2．解析：空格处指代上句中的“Yunnan”，且minority villages, impressive landscapes和Yunnan之间是所属关系，故用形容词性物主代词its。
答案：its
3．解析：根据空格后的名词“moments”可知，空格处应用形容词，意为“愉快的”。故填enjoyable。
答案：enjoyable4．解析：句意：虽然爬上峡谷有时让人筋疲力尽，但总是让人兴奋不已。根据句意可知，空格前后之间为转折关系。故填but。
答案：but
5．解析：句子的主语The views和动词imagine之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；情态动词could后用动词原形。故填be imagined。
答案：be imagined
6．解析：此处叙述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填left。
答案：left7．解析：根据“island province of Hainan”可知，这里特指海南岛，故用定冠词the。
答案：the
8．解析：空格处修饰名词“experiences”，应用形容词，意为“令人放松的”。故填relaxing。
答案：relaxing9．解析：根据该句主语“Lijiang and Dali”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填examples。
答案：examples
10．解析：分析该句结构可知，空格处引导的宾语从句作介词of的宾语；空格处在从句中作looked like的宾语，意为“……的样子”。故用what引导该宾语从句。
答案：what
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Each of the visitors was presented with a souvenir (纪念品)．
2．There's a higher percentage (百分比) of girl students in this class.
3．Mum was a great believer in herbal (药草的) medicines.
4．Keep what's left in a covered container (容器) in the fridge.
5．She dived into her bag and brought out a folded (折叠起来的) piece of paper.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．If plastic and rubber are burnt, they'll give off poisonous (poison) gases.
2．This new process has brought about great change.
3．The new railway from Zhangjiakou to Beijing was under construction (construct)．
4．What he said made me so excited that I couldn't fall asleep that night.
5．The company is in financial (finance)difficulties.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships.For example, in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.Yet it also has other uses.A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child.A smile may show love or politeness.It can also hide true feelings.It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures.For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper.Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities)．Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places；some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough.In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture.The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted.For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do.When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States.People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others.The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotions are different.If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。面部表情的含义取决于做表情的人所处的文化背景，同样的微笑在不同的文化背景下有着不同的含义。
1．What does the smile usually mean in the USA?
A．Love. B．Politeness.
C．Joy. D．Thankfulness.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“...in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.”可知，在美国微笑通常是高兴的体现，故答案为C项，joy意为“高兴”。
答案：C
2．The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that a smile can ________.
A．show friendliness to strangers
B．be used to hide true feelings
C．be used in the wrong places
D．show personal habits
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.”可知在东南亚的文化中，微笑经常被用来掩饰痛苦的情感，故选B项。
答案：B
3．What should we do before attempting to “read” people?
A．Learn about their relations with others.
B．Understand their cultural backgrounds.
C．Find out their past experiences.
D．Figure out what they will do next.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“...but we should not attempt to ‘read’ people from another culture as we would ‘read’ someone from our own culture.”可知我们不能用“解读”自己(国家)文化中成员的方法去“解读”其他(国家)文化中的成员，故答案为B项，表示“(在解读别人之前要先)了解其文化背景”。
答案：B
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Cultural Differences
B．Smiles and Relationships
C．Facial Expressions
D．Habits and Emotions
解析：标题归纳题。根据文章第一句话可知本文主要讲述的是facial expressions(面部表情)。A项外延太大；B项内涵过小；D项不是文章所讲主题。
答案：C
Ⅳ.完形填空
When I first came to the USA，I made friends with a neighbour who used to live only two blocks away from my street.We used to visit each other and go out together sometimes.This friend taught me a lot about American __1__，but in some cases I had to learn the __2__ way，because we didn't have enough time together for me to learn all about American culture from him.
One day this same friend invited me to a party.It wasn't a(n) __3__ party，only some kind of informal get-together.Since it was summer time，we had a cookout，__4__ most of his American friends and relatives were known to me，but there were others I had never met before.
It was the most __5__ party for me when I noticed that everybody was wearing jeans and simple T-shirts for the day，__6__ I arrived in a proper dress with my shoes and hair all fixed for a fancy party.It was hard to explain my embarrassment (窘迫) to the other __7__.When one of them turned around and said，“What nice clothes！What's the occasion？” I felt my face burning hot.I didn't answer at all.If she knew how __8__ I already felt，she wouldn't have said that to me.
Maybe she didn't __9__ to make me feel uncomfortable, but my reaction had to do with the way I already felt.
Many times I thought of going home and __10__ but I knew they would notice.It would be even __11__ for me because I knew they would quickly think that I felt out of place.So I wanted to pretend that I was __12__.
I have already realized their __13__ are different from mine.They care less about formality (形式) __14__ it is a special occasion, like a __15__ or a very formal invitation.
[语篇解读] 作者记叙了自己参加一次聚会的经历，体会了不同文化的差异。
1．A.art B．culture
C．history D．people
解析：从第一段最后一句中的“American culture”可以推知是“美国文化”。
答案：B
2．A.easy B．simple
C．hard D．different
解析：由because 从句的内容可知，此处应表示“在有些情况下，我不得不用困难的方式学习”。
答案：C
3．A.real B．pleasant
C．usual D．evening
解析：a real party指的是真正意义上的formal party，从下文的only可知，作者参加的这个只是一个非正式的聚会。real“真的”；pleasant“令人愉快的”；usual “平常的”；evening“晚上”。
答案：A
4．A.which B．when
C．where D．as
解析：where引导一个非限制性定语从句。由于从句中不缺少主语或宾语，排除关系代词which和as；从句的先行词cookout不表示时间，排除when。
答案：C
5．A.exciting B．surprising
C．embarrassing D．enjoyable
解析：从下文“everybody was wearing jeans and simple T-shirts for the day”和“It was hard to explain my embarrassment to the other...”看出作者很窘迫。
答案：C
6．A.as B．while
C．when D．and
解析：while 表示对比意义。as，when和and都没有这个用法。
答案：B
7．A.guests B．friends
C．neighbours D．Americans
解析：由第一段第一句可知作者不是美国人，排除D项；由第二段最后一句可知参加聚会的人中有些和作者不相识，排除B项；参加聚会的并不一定都是邻居，但都属于客人。
答案：A
8．A.nice B．happy
C．bad D．lucky
解析：在这样的尴尬中，只能用bad，表示“感到糟糕”，其他三个选项都是褒义词。
答案：C
9．A.mean B．expect
C．wish D．prepare
解析：“也许她本不是有意使我感到尴尬的”，用didn't mean to do...表示“没打算做某事”。expect“期望”；wish“希望”；prepare“准备”。
答案：A
10．A.changing B．crying
C．sleeping D．dancing
解析：根据上下文，作者此时处于一种非常窘迫的境地，她想摆脱这种窘境，赶紧把这身衣服换掉。
答案：A
11．A.worse B．luckier
C．better D．easier
解析：作者会更不自在，情况会更糟糕。
答案：A
12．A.OK B．sad
C．angry D．well
解析：因此只好假装若无其事。OK“可以的，不错的”；sad“难过的”；angry “生气的”；well作形容词时，指“身体健康”。
答案：A
13．A.lives B．customs
C．parties D．beliefs
解析：作者认识到他们的习俗与自己的不同。作者之所以处于这样一个尴尬的境地，正是自己国家的习俗与美国的习俗不同造成的。
答案：B
14．A.unless B．if
C．as long as D．since
解析：只要不是在特殊场合，人们不大在乎衣服的款式。unless “除非，如果不”；if “如果”；as long as “只要”；since “自从，由于”。
答案：A
15．A.party B．picnic
C．meeting D．wedding
解析：wedding在西方文化中被认为是非常神圣的事情。party “聚会”；picnic “野餐”；meeting “会议”；wedding “婚礼”。
答案：D
Ⅴ.语法填空
A few days before Badenhorst's departure，I was called to the main office.General Steyn was visiting the island and wanted to know if we had any 1.complaint(s)(complain)．Badenhorst was there as I went through a list of demands.After I finished，Badenhorst 2.spoke (speak) to me directly.
He told me he would 3.be_leaving (leave) the island and added，“I just want to wish you people good luck.” I do not know if I looked shocked，but I was sure that I 4.was_amazed (amaze) then.He spoke these words like a human being and showed a side of himself we had never seen before.I thanked him for his good wishes and wished him luck in his future life.
I thought about this moment for a long time afterwards.Badenhorst had perhaps been the most cold-blooded and 5.rudest (rude) commanding officer we had had on Robben Island.But that day in the office，I realized that there was another side to his nature，a side that we seldom saw but still 6.existed (exist)．
7．It reminded us that all men，even the most seemingly cold-blooded person，have good nature in them and that，with their hearts 8.touched (touch)，they can change.After all，Badenhorst was not evil.He had been given a bad name because 9.of misunderstanding.So，don't judge some so-called cold-blooded person before you figure out whether he is bad by nature 10.or just bad by name.
课件54张PPT。Period Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing课前 自主学习 课堂 合作探究写作 能力提升课后 限时训练名著赏析?素养提能单元达标检测新知探求
Ⅰ.根据词义写出正确的单词
1．____________ vt.包；裹；折叠vt. & vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平
2．____________ adv.特别；格外adj.顶好的；超级的
3．____________ n．配饰；附件；配件
4．____________ n．纪念物；纪念品
5．____________ n．百分率；百分比
6．____________ n．气候fold super accessory souvenirpercentage climate7．____________ adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的
8．____________ n．材料；布料；素材adj.物质的；实际的
9．____________ n．衣服；服装
10．____________ n．项目；一件商品(或物品)；一条新闻
11．____________ vt.包含；含有；容纳
12．____________ adj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的mild materialclothing item contain neatⅡ.词汇拓展
1．____________ adj.财政的；财务的；金融的→____________ n．资金；财政；金融；财务
2．____________ n．诗集；诗歌；诗作→____________ n．诗歌→____________ n．诗人
3．____________ n．毒物；毒药；毒素vt.毒死；毒害→____________ adj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的financial finance poetry poem poetpoison poisonous4．____________ vt.收集→____________ n．作品集；收集物；收藏品
5．____________ vt.建筑；建设→_______________n．建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构
6．____________ vt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身n.西服；套装→____________ adj.合适的collect collection construct construction suit suitable construction financial containedsettle collectionⅣ.根据汉语意思补全短语
1．bring ____________导致；引起
2．____________ name but a few仅举几例
3．____________ first hand第一手；亲自
【词汇攻略】
1．单复数意义不同的名词小结
①custom (风俗)→customs (海关)
②manner (方式)→manners (礼貌)
③paper (纸)→papers (文件)
④art (艺术)→arts (文科)about to at⑤arm (手臂)→arms (武器)
⑥brain (脑袋)→brains (智力)
⑦work (工作)→works (作品；工厂)
⑧short (短的)→shorts (短裤)
2．“多数与少数”面面观
①major adj.主要的
②majority n．大多数
③minor adj.少数的
④minority n．少数语篇研析
Ⅰ.速读文章并完成下面的问题
The writer of the text mainly wants to ________.
A．give us a brief introduction of Chinatown
B．tell us the main history of Chinatown
C．let us learn how Chinatown was built
D．show us the Chinese culture in Chinatown
答案：AⅡ.细读文章后判断下列句子的正误(T/F)
1．The Chinatown in San Francisco is the oldest and biggest in America.( )
2．The climate there contributes to the tourism of the Chinatown.( )
3．Chinese immigrants settled in the area mainly after gold was discovered near San Francisco.( )
4．The 1906 earthquake destroyed most of Chinatown but it was rebuilt with materials donated from China.( )
5．Portsmouth Square is the centre of Chinatown and is a great place to see modern Chinese culture.( )T T T F F Ⅲ.句式分析
1．The climate is mild all year round, meaning it is always a good time to visit.
[分析] “meaning it is always a good time to visit”是现在分词短语作_______。
[翻译] _______________________________________________________
状语 一年四季气候温和，意味着这总是一个参观的好时机。 2．What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.
[分析] “What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants”是________从句。
[翻译] ______________________________________________________
主语 最初是中国移民的居住区，后来变成了中国文化的中心。 3．Traditionally, visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate, which was built using materials donated from China.
[分析] “which was built using materials donated from China”是________从句；“using materials donated from China”是现在分词短语作方式________；“donated from China”是过去分词短语作materials的________。
[翻译] ___________________________________________________________
________________定语 状语 定语传统上，游客通过传说中的龙门进入唐人街，这是用中国捐赠的材料建造的。 Ⅳ.概要写作
根据P32课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________答案：
The Chinatown in San Francisco is the biggest and oldest in America, which is a very popular tourist draw. The climate is mild all year round. Historically, Chinese immigrants settled in the area and are still ethnic Chinese.
Most of Chinatown was destroyed in the 1906 earthquake, but the city and residents rebuilt it. Traditionally, visitors entre Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate and can spend hours just exploring the centre of Chinatown.【学而思】
Do you know how we Chinese in foreign countries succeed our tradition?
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_____________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________1．[P32教材原文]What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.
最初是中国移民的居住区，后来变成了中国文化的中心。
[句式分析] What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants是主语从句。[归纳拓展]
主语从句的引导词Your support is important to our work. Whatever you can do helps.
你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。
Where Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won't accept it.
李白，中国伟大的诗人，出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。
The limits of a person's intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。[名师点津]
(1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。
(2)当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if。
[即学即练]
单句语法填空
① they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.
② struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.ThatWhat2．include vt.包含；包括
[P32教材原文]Other famous sites include the Tin How Temple and Bank of Canton, to name but a few.
其他著名的景点包括天后宫和广东银行，仅举几个例子。
[归纳拓展]
(1)include＋n./pron./doing包括……
including＋被包括的一部分＝被包括的一部分＋included 包括……
(2)contain...(全部)包含/容纳……
contain oneself克制自己
container n.容器；集装箱；货柜We went boating last weekend, including her.
上周末我们去划船了，包括她。
He was too excited to contain himself when the box was to be opened.
当盒子被打开的瞬间他激动得不能自已。[即学即练]
(1)单句语法填空
①The ____________ (contain) contains many kinds of fruits, ____________ (include) a pineapple/a pineapple ____________ (include)．
(2)完成句子
②这个体育馆大得足够容纳十万观众。
The stadium is ________________________ 100 thousand audience.container including included large enough to contain 地点介绍
1．仔细审题：明确说明对象，抓住要说明的事物或事物的主要特征。
2．选择合理的说明顺序：比如时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序，分层次进行说明，注意条理清晰。3．选择恰当的说明方法：比如定义法、举例法、比较法和细节描述法等，来增加文章的色彩。
4．语言：既要确切无误，又要通俗易懂。适当使用一些结构比较复杂的句式，如定语从句、名词性从句、倒装句、强调句及非谓语动词等，以增加语言表达效果。【常用表达】
1．前门大街有600多年历史，800米长，沿街有300多家店铺。
①Qianmen Street with 800 meters long is a famous street of over 600 years old, along which there are more than 300 shops.
②Qianmen Street with a history of over 600 years old is 800 meters in length, along which there are more than 300 shops.
③The 800-meter-long Qianmen Street with more than 300 shops along has a history of over 600 years old.2．坐落在山顶的寺庙经历了这个地区的许多变化。
①The temple stands on the top of the mountain, and has experienced many changes in this area.
②Standing on the top of the mountain，the temple has witnessed many changes in this area.
3．它坐落在天安门广场南面。
①It is just located to the south of Tian'anmen Square.
②To the north of it, there is Tian'anmen Square.
③It lies in the south of Tian'anmen Square.4．加拿大，世界第二大国，占地 998万平方千米。
①Canada, which is the second largest country in the world, covers an area of 9.98 million square kilometres.
②Canada, the second largest country in the world, covers an area of 9.98 million square kilometres.
③Canada, covering an area of 9.98 million square kilometres, is the second largest country in the world.5．乘车到达那儿很方便，可乘坐公共汽车17、69、59等线路，或者地铁2号线。
①It's very convenient to get there by taking Buses No.17, 69 or 59 besides Subway Line 2.
②With Buses No.17, 69 or 59 passing there, it is very convenient to get there by bus, and you can also choose to take Subway Line 2.【写作模板】
地理位置介绍：
(某地点) ________ is located in (方位) ________， covering an area of (面积) ________.It has a population of (人口) ________.It grows ________， and it is rich in (特点) ________.
In a word, (某地点)________ is a fascinating place with fascinating people. Welcome to (某地点) ________. 路线描写：
We are going to (举行活动) ________ (时间) ________(at＋时间点/in＋月份/on ＋具体某一天) at/in (地点)________．It is not very difficult to find your way to this place. Now let me tell you the way to this place. When you get out of (某地一) ________， you can take Bus (几路公交车) ________ to (某地二) ________， and get off at the second/third crossing. Walk across the crossing to the east/west/south/north until you see (某地三)________ on your left/right. Turn left/right there (at the corner) and go straight on/ahead. Then you can see/find (某地四)________ is on your left/right. The place is next to/opposite to (某地点)________．The place is (多远)________ yards/kilometers down the street on the left/right.
Find Room (几号房间)________ and we will be meeting you there.假如你是李华，请根据下面提示给Mr.Smith回信，介绍适合他租用的一处房子。
1．位于市中心商业区，交通便利，环境优美；
2．面积80平方米，宽敞明亮；
3．房间天然气、暖气、家具、空调等必备设施齐全；
4．房租价格合理，每月仅1 000元；5．房子位置和户型如图所示：注意：词数80左右。
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_____________________________________________________________________【审题谋篇】
第一步 明确要求
1．确定体裁：本文为____________；
2．确定人称：以____________为主；
3．确定时态：以____________为主。
第二步 确定段落
第一段：总体简介。
第二段：展开描述——位置、面积、环境、交通、人口、历史、名胜古迹及特色。
第三段：结合写作要求进行结尾。说明文 第三人称 一般现在时第三步 提炼要点
1．位置简介
2．设备设施
3．租房价格和其他
第四步 句式升级
1．它位于花园路和和平路的交叉路口，我们市最繁忙的两个街道。
(一般表达)It is located in the crossroads made by the Garden Avenue and the Peace Avenue. They are two busiest streets in our city.
(高级表达)It is located in the crossroads made by the Garden Avenue and the Peace Avenue, _____________________ in our city.two busiest streets 2．在它的周围有超市、医院和公共汽车站。
(一般表达)Around it, there is a supermarket, a hospital and a bus stop.
(高级表达)Around it _______ a supermarket, a hospital and a bus stop.
3．房子有一个客厅，两个卧室，一个厨房和一个卫生间。
(一般表达)There is one living room, two bedrooms, one kitchen and one toilet in the house.
(高级表达)The house ____________ one living room, two bedrooms, one kitchen and one toilet.lie contains 【参考范文】
Dear Smith，
As for the problem you put forward in your last letter, I'd like to recommend the following house to you. It is on the fifth floor of a six-storey building, which is located in the crossroads made by the Garden Avenue and the Peace Avenue, two busiest streets in our city. Around it lie a supermarket, a hospital and a bus stop, so it is convenient for you to do shopping, see a doctor or travel. What's more, the house contains one living room, two bedrooms, one kitchen and one toilet. Besides, it is equipped with all the households and living facilities such as natural gas, heating system, furniture, air-conditioners and so on. The rent is no more than 1,000 yuan per month, which is a real bargain.
I think the house is quite suitable for you.
Yours，
Li Hua【亮点点评】
本文语言流畅，叙事明了。表达准确，过渡自然。诸如as for, put forward, recommend等高级词汇运用丰富而自然；倒装句式、定语从句等运用恰当。请根据以下要点和要求，写一篇介绍香港的英语短文。
1．位于广东省深圳的南面；
2．人口约600万，面积1 000多平方公里；
3．交通：有现代化的港口及著名的国际机场，京九铁路把香港和祖国首都北京连接起来；
4．历史：香港自古以来是中国的领土，150 多年前英国入侵中国，占领香港；
5．回归：1997 年7 月1日。注意：词数80左右。
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Hong Kong
Hong Kong lies to the south of Shenzhen, Guangdong Province of China. It has a population of about 6,000,000 and covers an area of more than 1,000 square kilometers. It has not only the modern seaport but also the famous international airport. The railway from Beijing to Jiulong connects Hong Kong with the capital of our country—Beijing.
Since long ago, Hong Kong has belonged to China；unfortunately 150 years ago the English soldiers invaded China and occupied Hong Kong by force. To the great delight of us Chinese people, Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st,1997.课后 限时训练佳作/名著赏析·素养提能
Lake Dian
Known also as Kunming lake, Lake Dian is located at the foot of the Western Hills south-west of Kunming City in Yunnan Province.Being a bright and smooth highland lake, it's reputed as “A Pearl on the Yungui Plateau”．
The picturesque lake, dotted with sails, appears green and boundless and shining with ripples. Along its 150 kilometers long winding bank, lies numerous scenic spots and historical sites such as the Grand View Pavilion, West Garden, the Lake Embankment. The Grand View Pavilion：Located at the lake's northern bank, it was built in the 29th year of Kangxi reign in the Qing Dynasty (1690 AD)．It's an exquisite structure with upturned roof-corners and eaves. Looking to the south, one has a fascinating view of the spectacular Lake Dian, and the graceful and full shape of the distant “Sleeping Beauty Mountain” shrouded in white clouds. The lake is surrounded by lush growth of trees and plants, with peony in full bloom in spring, and chrysanthemum blossoms found all over the place in autumn. The golden calligraphy of the Grand View Pavilion in bold Chinese characters sparkles brilliantly. Western Hills Scenic Area：Located at the west bank of the lake, it's a large forest park with hills and ridges rising one upon another, and covered with old tall trees. The park is endowed with dense natural forests, murmuring streams, luxuriantly green bamboos, and crisscross with ancient paths. Scenic spots and historical sites are over hill and dale. The area from Sanqing Tower to Longmen is a place of concentration of the most spectacular scenic spots and architecture, and therefore reputed as “No.1 Scenery in middle Yunnan”． Hill of Goddess of Mercy：The temple of Goddess of Mercy perches on the Hill at the lake's west bank, with a beak-shaped portion of the hill extending into the lake water. The temple is confronted by perilous cliffs covered with lush woods. A seven-storey brick pagoda stands on the hill top which commands a bird's eye view of the Lake Dian, the mountain ranges along the lake, the vast expanse of fertile land, and the smoke belching from the chimneys of fishermen's homes.滇池
滇池又名昆明湖，位于云南省昆明市西南的西山脚下。它是一个明亮光滑的高原湖泊，被誉为“云贵高原上的一颗明珠”。
风景如画的湖泊，点缀着帆船，碧波荡漾。沿着150公里长的蜿蜒河岸，有许多景点和历史遗迹，如大观亭、西园、湖堤。
大观亭：位于湖滨北岸，建于清代康熙年间第二十九年(公元1690年)。这是一个精致的结构，屋角和屋檐向上。向南看，可以看到壮观的滇池景色，远处白云笼罩的“睡美人山”造型优美丰满。湖边树木茂盛，春天牡丹盛开，秋天到处可见菊花。大观亭金字招牌，熠熠生辉。 西山风景区：位于西湖西岸，是一个重峦叠嶂的大型森林公园。公园内有茂密的天然林，潺潺的溪流，郁郁葱葱的竹子，纵横交错的古道。风景名胜区和历史遗迹都在山和谷的上方。三清楼至龙门一带是中国最壮观的风景名胜区和建筑集中地，素有“滇中第一风景区”的美誉。
观音山：观音寺坐落在湖西岸的山上，山的一个喙状部分伸入湖水。这座寺庙面临着布满茂密树林的险峻悬崖。山顶矗立着一座七层砖塔，鸟瞰滇池、湖畔山脉、广袤肥沃的土地、渔民家烟囱冒出的浓烟。单元达标检测
