外研社八年级下册M6U1Do you collect anything知识点精讲
知识点1 shelf/?elf/n.隔板;架子
考向【重点】shelf为可数名词,其复数形式为shelves。
eg:There are many shelves in the room.
在房间里有许多架子。
巧记以?f,?fe结尾的名词变复数
树叶(leaf)半(half)数自己(self)黄,
妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割粮,
架(shelf)后蹿出一只狼(wolf),
就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)忙。
例题1 根据汉语提示完成单词。
There are two _______(刀) and three forks on the desk.(黄冈)
知识点2 most of ……中的大多数
eg:Most of the boys like football.
大多数男孩喜欢足球。
考向【重点】 most of 修饰主语时谓语动词的单复数
不可数名词——接单数谓语动词
most of
复数名词——接复数谓语动词
eg:Most of the time has gone.
大部分时间已经过去了。
Most of them are leaving for Guangzhou.
他们中的大多数人要去广州。
例题 Most of the food _______delicious in the restaurant.
A.taste B.sound
C.tastes D.sounds
知识点三 (高频)must一定,必定
eg:He must be at home; the light is on.
他肯定在家;灯是亮着的。
考向【难点】 辨析must, may和can't
must? 一定,必定,表示有把握的肯定推测,用在肯定句中。 The?lady?looks?young.She?must?be?under?thirty.这位女士看上去很年轻,她肯定不到30岁。
may 可能,表示可能性较小的推测。 He?may?be?on?his?way?to?school. 他可能在去上学的路上。
can't 不可能,表示一种有把握的否定推测。 —I?wonder?if?this?smart?phone?is?Mary's.我想知道这部智能手机是否是玛丽的。—It?can't?belong?to?her.?Hers?is?totally?different?from?this?one.它一定不属于她。她的和这部完全不同。
巧记表推测的情态动词:
肯定推测用must,否定推测用can't。
例题1 —Are the glasses Tim's?
—No, they ______be his.He doesn't wear glasses.(长春)
A.must B.can
C.mustn't D.can't
—I still haven't found my pet dog.
例题2 —I'm sorry to hear that. You______be very sad.(武汉)
A.can B.should
C.must D.will
知识点四 show sb. sth.向某人展示某物
eg:Can you show me your new watch?
你能向我展示一下你的新手表吗?
考向【重点】表示“向某人展示某物”有两种说法:
show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.表示方向性的动词后跟双宾语时,表人的宾语(即间接宾语)放在直接宾语后面时,前面要加介词to或for。
eg:Please show that letter to me.
请把那封信拿给我看看
例题 同义句转换。
She showed us her new sweater last week.
She showed her new sweater_______last week.
知识点五with/wI?/prep.用……
eg:I like writing with a pen.我喜欢用钢笔写字。
考向【难点】with介词,常见用法见下表:
表示“和”,后跟代词或名词。 Come?with?me,?please. 请跟我来。
表示“带有,有”。 a?house?with?a?small?garden 带有一个小花园的房子
表示“使用某种工具”。 lease?cut?the?apple?in?half?with?the?knife.请用刀把这个苹果切成两半。?
用于某些固定搭配。 with?the?help?of…在……的帮助下
巧记with的用法:
with用法多,勿忘“有”和“用”。
例题 —Do you remember what she looked like when you first met her?
—Of course.She was tall and thin ______long hair.(福州)
in B.with C.on
知识点六(高频)value/'v?lju?/n.价值;有用性
eg:His work has no value.他的工作没有价值。
value为名词,其形容词为valuable,固定短语 be of value 意为“有价值”,相当于be valuable。value前可有great, little, no修饰。
be of value to do sth.做某事有价值
be of value to sb.对某人有价值
eg:The photo is of great value to Helen.
=The photo is very valuable to Helen.
这张照片对海伦来说很有价值。
例题1 This kind of suit will be sold for $600, which is far more than its real ______.
A.value B.cost C.money D.price
例题2 It's nice of you to provide us with the _______(有价值的)information.
Module6unit2Hobbies can make you grow as a person知识点精讲
知识点一make sb.do sth.使某人做某事
eg:Mr Green made us speak English in class.
格林先生让我们在课堂上说英语。
考向【重点】 make是使役动词,后常接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。下列动词(词组)也可接不带to的动词不定式作宾补:
例题 The show was so funny that it made everyone ______ again and again.(济宁)
A.laugh B.laughed
C.laughing D.to laugh
知识点二 as a result因此,结果
eg:It was late at night and there was no bus.As a result,we had to walk home.夜深了,又没有公共汽车,结果我们只好步行回家。
考向【难点】辨析result,as a result和as a result of
eg: I was late,with the result that I missed my train.
我迟到了,结果我没有赶上火车。
There was a heavy rain yesterday.As a result, we had to stay at home.
昨天有一场大雨,结果我们不得不呆在家里。
Jack couldn’t go to word as a result of the fall from the bike.
由于杰克从自行车上摔下来,他不能去工作了。
例题 He was late ______the heavy snow.
A.result B.as a result
C.as a result of D.result from
知识点三 pleasure/'ple??/n.愉悦;快乐
eg:It's my pleasure to talk to her. 我很荣幸能和她谈话。
考向【难点】辨析pleasure,pleasant与pleased
pleasure 作“高兴,快乐,玩乐”讲时,是不可数名词;表示“乐事,高兴的事”时是可数名词。 —Thank?you?for?helping?me. 谢谢你帮助我。 —It's?a?pleasure. 不客气。
pleasant 意为“令人愉快的”,是个常用且含义广泛的形容词,常作定语,也可作表语。 It?is?very?pleasant?to?sit?down? after?standing?for?hours. 站了几小时后坐下来很舒服。
pleased 表示“感到高兴的,欣喜的”,作形容词用,指以任何方式表现出来或未表现出来的满足与快乐,一般作表语,常与不定式、介词短语或从句连用,以说明原因,其主语是人。 The?two?friends?were?very? pleased?to?see?each?other?again. 这两个朋友再次见面非常高兴。
例题1 用所给词的适当形式填空。
—I had a_______(pleasure) weekend on the farm.
—I'm glad to hear that.
例题2 —Thank you for supporting the volunteer project.
—______.(泰安)
A.All right B.My pleasure
C.Never mind D.It doesn't matter
知识点四(高频)success/s?k'ses/n.成功
eg:We were proud of your success.
我们为你的成功感到自豪。
考向【难点】辨析success,successful,successfully和succeed
例题1 Details decide _____(成功) or not.If we take everything seriously, we'll achieve our goals.(兰州)
用所给词的适当形式填空。
例题2 The road to ________(successful) is never straight.(兰州)
知识点五 be interested in 对……感兴趣
eg:The boy is interested in pop music.
这个男孩对流行音乐感兴趣。
考向一 此短语中in为介词,其后跟名词或动词的?ing形式。
eg:She is interested in playing basketball.
她对打篮球感兴趣。
例题 —Have you read the book Harry Potter?
—Sure,Eric is also ______it and we become friends because of that.(东营)
A.proud of B.afraid of
C.serious about D.interested in
考向二【易错点】辨析interest,interesting和interested
例题 David visited lots of __________ in the world.(雅安)
A.places of interesting
B.places of interest
C.place of interests
D.place of interesting
M6U1Language in use知识精讲
语法精解
英语是一种结构型的语言,动词在句型构成中起着重要作用。现在对已经学过的几种基本句型总结如下:
考向一 主语+系动词+表语(+状语)
eg:Tom is very happy today.汤姆今天很高兴。
常见的系动词有:feel, look, smell, sound, taste, become, be, get(变得), turn(变得), go(变得)等。其后可跟形容词、数词、名词、代词或介词短语等作表语。
eg:The beef noodles taste delicious.
牛肉面尝起来很好吃。(delicious用作表语)
例题1 The air ______ fresh after the rain.And the sky is blue.
A.feels B.tastes
C.smells D.sounds
例题2 指出句子画线部分的句子成分。
The hotpot in the restaurants of Neijiang tastes delicious.
考向二 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(+状语)
eg:The rain has stopped.雨已经停了。
The first book came out in 2009.
第一本书在2009年出版了。
注意 :此句型结构中,谓语动词经常用不及物动词,有时要接状语意义才完整。有些不及物动词加上介词后可跟宾语。
eg:Mary listens carefully in class.
玛丽在课上认真听讲。
(句子结构:主语+谓语+状语)
Lucy listened to the radio last night.
露西昨晚听了收音机。
例题1 指出下列句子画线部分的句子成分。
The plane has taken off.
例题2 那家工厂五年前关闭了。
That factory__________ five years ago.
考向三(状语+)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(+状语)
eg:My father likes watching TV.
我父亲喜欢看电视。
(1)句型中的动词必须是及物动词,后接动作的承受者,即宾语。
(2)有些动词不定式在句中作宾语,有些则用作状语。
后跟不定式作宾语的动词有:want,like, agree, offer, decide, try, would like,hope,plan, learn, as 等。
后跟不定式作状语的动词有:go ,train,come等,这类动词多为不及物动词。
例题1 指出句子画线部分的句子成分。
The workers didn't stop working until it began to rain.
例题2—Where is your sister, Bob?
—She ________(在做家庭作业) at home.(do)
考向四 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(+状语)
eg:His hobby has brought him enjoyment.
他的爱好已经给他带来了快乐。
间接宾语一般为表人的宾语,直接宾语一般为表物的宾语,二者也经常被称为“双宾语”。通常排列顺序为间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后;当直接宾语在间接宾语前面时,间接宾语前通常要用介词to或for。
eg:Pass me the salt,please.
=Pass the salt to me,please.
请递给我盐。
My mother bought me a new computer.
=My mother bought a new computer for me.
我妈妈为我买了一台新电脑。
顺口溜记忆双宾语
双宾语,有两个:直(接宾语)物间(接宾语)人也。
顺其自然人之前;若是把人放在后,介词to,for莫忘掉。
例题1 It's reported that the Chinese government provides free milk powder(奶粉)______ children in poor areas.
A.with B.for C.to D.by
例题2 Do you have toys?I'd like to buy _______ for my cousin.
A.it B.one
C.this D.that
考向五 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语(+状语)
eg:The news made everyone happy.
这个消息让大家都很高兴。
宾语和宾语补足语在语法上合称复合宾语,二者有逻辑上的主谓关系。可以用作宾语补足语的有:名词、代词、形容词、动词不定式、动名词等。
注意:(1) 在动词find, think, make, consider, feel等动词后跟形容词作宾语补足语时,可以用it作形式宾语,而把真正作宾语的动词不定式放在后面。
eg:I find it difficult to remember these words.
我发现记住这些单词是困难的。
(2) 用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,常见的有感官动词(feel, hear, see, watch, notice等)和使役动词(have, let, make等)。
eg:I often see the children play basketball on the playground.
我经常看见孩子们在操场上打篮球
例题 My parents always tell me _____more vegetables and fruit.
A.eat B.eating
C.eats D.to eat
考向六 There+be+主语(+状语)
eg:There is a bank between the park and the station.
在公园和车站之间有家银行。
there be结构表示“某时或某地有某物”,状语通常表示地点,可以用于一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时等多种时态。
eg:Long long ago there was a king.
很久以前有个国王。
There has been lots of rain since June in the area.
这个地区从六月份以来有很多雨水。
There will be a sports meeting in our school next week.
我们学校下周将有一场运动会。
※there be和have/has辨析:
看看到底谁“有”?
There be结构表示表示“某时或某地有某物”。主语为某物。
have/has表示“某人有某物”。主语为某人。
eg: There is much ice on the road.
公路上有许多冰。
Once upon a time,there was a mountain.
从前有座山。
Does Jack have a dictionary?
杰克有一部词典吗?
Mr White has(got)a big house.
怀特先生有一座大房子。
例题1 —Is there a watermelon on the table?
— _____________ .
A.Yes,there is B.Yes,it is
C.No,there is D.No,it isn't
例题2 There_______some beef in the fridge. Let's make some beef noodles.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
知识点run out of用完;用光
run out of, run out, give out和use up都有“用完;用尽”之意,但用法不同:
例题1你认为他会把所有的钱花光吗?(鞍山改编)
Do you think that he will _______all the money?
例题2 What shall we do if our food supplies _______?
A.turn out B.run out
C.come out D.call out