Unit 1 building the future Grammar and usage： Linking words 课件（21张PPT）

(共21张PPT)
M10U1 Linking words


Tina
A)I opened the door. I went into the room. It was dark inside. I walked to the window. I opened the window.I looked out. There were many old women doing morning exercises. I watched them for some time.
B)I open the door and I went into the room. It was dark inside, so I walked to the window and opened it. Looking out, I saw some old women doing morning exercises, and therefore I watched them for some time.
Brainstorm
What’s the function of linking words? Can you give an example?
l
They can be used to connect the ideas
of the sentences to each other.
Activity. 1 Presentation
Pair-work (Difficulty:★)

Present or report some linking words collected before class.

Time sequence:


Cause and effect:


Contrasting:



Addition:



Conclusion:


Other:
Given examples：
first/firstly; second/secondly; first of all; in the first place;
to begin with; then; finally; in the end……
for one thing…, for another……; so; therefore; as a result;
as a consequence; consequently; because; since; as; now that;
due to; thanks to; because of; owing to; on account of……
but; however; instead (of); yet; nevertheless; in contrast;
on the contrary; on the other hand; in spite of……
also; besides; moreover; what’s more; in addition (to); additionally; on top of; furthermore; above all; as well as; not only……but (also)……
to conclude; in conclusion; in short; in brief; in summary;
in a word; to sum up; on the whole; all in all; generally speaking; as far as I know……
in fact; still; as long as; such as; for example/instance; that is to say; as follows; in other words……
Point out the linking words in the statement.
★★
Today, many developing countries are heavily in debt. In fact, most of them have debts that can never be repaid. During the 1970s and 1980s, many developing countries borrowed money from developed countries. However, very high interest rates have created a situation where countries in the developing world now spend $13 on debt repayment for every $1 that they received. Therefore, these countries will never be able to repay the money. As a result, these countries are always struggling to catch up on their repayments; government finances that could be spent on health, education and long-term development are instead used for debt repayment. This means that a country’s debt weakens its development.
Point out the linking words in the statement.

Moreover, as debt continues to rise, poverty will remain a problem in developing countries. To stop the rise of debt, the World Development Movement (WDM) is campaigning for rich countries to cancel debts owed them by developing countries. The WDM is working hard, but developing world debt is still a problem. As long as these debts remain, developing countries will feel the economic squeeze, and they will be unable to focus on long-term development to end poverty.
1). Geldof intended the concert to raise money for hunger relief and to make the public more aware of the problem. $100 million was raised. (M10U1Reading L6-7)
2). The program has several aims: to help unemployed people find work; to teach new mothers about nutrition; and to help young people develop problem-solving skills.
3). These people will be given a chance to help themselves so that they no longer need to depend on other people. They will enjoy a higher standard of living.
Polish these sentences.★★★
In the end
First/?
Second/?
Third/?
As a result/?
4). Polly planned the charity event because she wanted to help poor people in the city, and for another (thing), she wanted to make others aware of the situation.
5). Poverty is still killing people. These small victories are a good start towards a better future. (M10U1Reading L56-57)
6). Our organization is working to raise money for homeless people. We are collecting clothing to give to those in need.
Polish these sentences. ★★★
for one thing
However/?
What’s more/?
Activity 2 Practice
Choose the best answer.
1). Lots of supplies were offered to the flood-stricken area; _____, people from all walks of life volunteered to go there and help rebuild homes.
A. on the contrary B. by all means C. above anything else D. what’s more

2). The traffic problems have severely affected economic development. _____ we must spare no efforts to solve them.
A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. nevertheless

3). Queen ElizabethⅡ is often thought to be the richest woman in the world. ______, her personal wealth seems rather small.
A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Altogether

4). Bicycling is good exercise; _____, it does not pollute the air.
A. nevertheless B. besides C. otherwise D. therefore
5). Brown said he was by no means annoyed; _____, he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood. (2012浙江卷)
A. all in all B. for one thing C. on the contrary D. by the way
6). To be honest, you must be smart, confident, and, _____, honest.
A. therefore B. above all C. however D. after all
7). Mike was usually so careful， _______ this time he made a small mistake.
A. yet B. still C. even D. thus
8). Jim went to answer the phone. ______, Harry started to prepare lunch.
A. However B. Nevertheless C. Besides D. Meanwhile
(2012江苏卷) ★★★★
……Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (写博客), not
only from our 42， but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become dependent on digital
technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at
this point not using it would make them an outsider. 45,many jobs and
careers require people to be connected ...
……The ability to be “connected” and “ on” has many 50,as well as
disadvantages. Travelers have ended up lost on mountains, and mobile
phones have saved countless lives.

42. A. media B. computers C. databases D. monitors
45. A. Also B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow
50. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions
not only...but also…
45空前后逻辑关系？
as well as

The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place（2008年北京卷E篇） ★★★★

Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. ……We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.
Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. ……
On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. ……
The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products……
Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them..
75. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
（2012湖北B篇）
When my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on
Transportation Days. ……
The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom
taught us how to get around. She was born to be multimodal(多方式
的). She understood that depending on cars only was a failure of
imagination and, above all, a failure of confidence—the product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels.

56. According to the writer, what was the greatest benefit of her
Transportation Days?
A. Building confidence in herself.
B. Reducing her use of private cars.
C. Developing her sense of direction.
D. Giving her knowledge about vehicles.
above all？
★★★★
Activity 3 Consolidation
下面是玛丽学习英语的情况，请用英语介绍表中所列情况。
Tips for writing:
1、Structure 2、Tense 3、Person
4、Using familiar sentence patterns
5、Advanced words, phrases and grammar
6、Handwriting, spelling, punctuation and so on
★★★★★
Linking words

大声朗读 容易记住；形成用英语思考的习惯
每天收听英语广播；用英语和别人交谈 听力和口语进步很快
坚持用英语写日记 写作能力不断提高
1.我想跟你介绍一下玛丽学习英语的情况。
I__________ to tell you________________________.
2.她经常大声朗读，这有助于记忆，而且能够形成她用英文思维的习惯。
She often __________, which helps her to remember them easily and ___________________thinking in English.
3.她每天收听英语节目并用英文与他人交流。
She listens to English program every day and ________________________others in English.
4.她的听力和口语都得到了提高。
She ________________her listening ___ spoken English.
5.她用英文写日记，写作也变得越来越好。
She ______________in English and her written English ________________better and better.
Boil down an article into a few sentences
1.我想跟你介绍一下玛丽学习英语的情况。
I__________ to tell you________________________.
2.她经常大声朗读，这有助于记忆，而且能够形成她用英文思维的习惯。
She often __________, which helps her to remember them easily and ___________________thinking in English.
3.她每天收听英语节目并用英文与他人交流。
She listens to English program every day and ________________________others in English.
4.她的听力和口语都得到了提高。
She ________________her listening ___ spoken English.
5.她用英文写日记，写作也变得越来越好。
She ______________in English and her written English ________________better and better.
would like
how Mary learns English
reads aloud
forms a good habit of
communicates/talks with
has improved both
and
keeps a diary
is becoming
连词成句
Put sentences together into an article
_____, I'd like to tell you how Mary learns English.
_____________, she often reads aloud, which helps her to remember them easily and form a good habit of thinking in English.
_________________, she listens to English program every day and communicate/talk with others in English.
_____________ ,She has improved both her listening and spoken English.
_____________, she keeps a diary in English every day ___________ her written English is becoming better and better.
连句成篇
Now
For one thing
For another (thing)
In this way
In addition
so that
Sharing perfect sentences or articles
1.The following is the way in which Mary learns English.

2.It is the efforts she puts into English that make her writing gradually improved.

3.That’s why she has achieved much progress in listening and speaking.

4.She always considers it of vital importance to listen to English broadcast everyday.

5. Listening to the English program everyday along with chatting with others by using English can certainly improve her listening and spoken English.
Thanks you for your listening and have a good day!