Unit 3 The meaning of colour Self-assessment 课件（26张PPT）

(共26张PPT)
Advance with English Module9 Unit 3
一、知识结构
(一)名词性从句的类别
名称 定义 例句
主语从句 在句中充当主语,表示执行句子行为或动作的主体。 What he wants to tell us is not clear.
Who will win is uncertain.
表语从句 在句中充当表语,说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态等,位于主句连系动词之后。 The fact is that we have lost the game.
My opinion is that we should learn English well.
宾语从句 在句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后。 I want to know what he has told you.
I don’t remember where you live.
同位语从句 用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。 I have no idea when he will come back home.
He told me the news that we won the game.
【知识点评】
1.名词性从句相当于名词,可用作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语,因此名词性从句也可相应地分为四种,其中宾语从句为考查重点。

2.连词在以下情况中不能省略:
(1)位于介词后面;
(2)引导主语从句和同位语从句。

3.Whether与if均为“是否”的意思,但在下列情况中,
whether不能被if取代:
(1)whether引导主语从句并在句首;
(2)引导表语从句;
(3)whether从句作介词宾语;
(4)从句后有“or not”。
【例题详析】
(　　)例1.I couldn’t hear what they were saying most of the time.请问画线部分属于哪种名词性从句??
A.主语从句 B.表语从句
C.宾语从句 D.同位语从句
【答案】C
【解析】what引导的从句位于动词hear之后充当宾语,故该从句属于宾语从句。句子大意为:大多时候我都听不到他们在说什么。
【随堂精练】
(　　)1.　　　he will win is not clear.?
A.If B.Which
C.Who D.Whether
【答案】D　　
(二)主语从句
【知识点评】
1.主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,
which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。
2.主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式,但当用主语从句来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”。
位置 常用句型 例句
在句中作主语,与陈述句基本结构中主语位置相同。有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。 It+be +名词+that从句 It’s a fact that he is a nice person.
It+be+形容词+that从句 It’s important that we study harder.
It+不及物动词+that从句 It appears that he won the game.
It seems that he likes it very much.
It+be +动词的过去分词
+that从句 It’s believed that she died in that accident.
It is said that he is a scientist.
【例题详析】
(　　)例2.It is important　　　students should learn English well.?
A.as B.which C.whether D.that
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。本空格处应是一个主语从句的引导词,因该主语从句不缺成分,且句意完整,故应用不作任何成分的连词that。
【随堂精练】
(　　)2.　　　is certain　　　the doctors have tried their best to save the boy’s life.?
A.It;that B.That;it
C.Why;that D.It;what
【答案】A　
(三)表语从句
【知识点评】
当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because或者why。例如 The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning.(今天早上他迟到的原因是他错过了列车。)
位置与结构 注意事项 例句
表语从句在句中作表语,它位于主句中的连系动词之后。结构为:主语+连系动词+表语从句。 除了be动词以外,seem,look,appear,sound,taste,feel,remain等连系动词后也常加表语从句,尤其是以as if/though 引导。 It looks as if it is going to rain.
This is what we are reading.
The truth is that I have never been there before.
【例题详析】
(　　)例3.The little girl who got lost decided to remain　　　she was and wait for her mother.?
A.where B.what C.how D.who
【答案】A
【解析】remain是系动词,后加表语从句,由句意可知,从句缺地点状语,所以选A。
【随堂精练】
(　　)3.It sounds　　　you are from the south of the States.?
A.as if B.what C.where D.why
【答案】A　
(四)宾语从句
分类 详述 例句
动词的
宾语从
句 大多数及物动词 She didn’t know who the man was.
有些动词短语,如make sure
(确保),make out(弄清楚),
keep in mind(牢记)等。 Make sure you turn off the lights before you leave the office.
it作为形式宾语代替宾语从句。 I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to your birthday party.
介词的
宾语从
句 一般情况下介词后不能用that,if 引导宾语从句,只能用连接代词、连接副词引导。 We are talking about whether we should go to Hongkong tomorrow.
系表结
构的宾
语从句 sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied,sorry等表示感情的形容词与be一起构成系表结构,其后的从句也常被视为宾语从句。 I’m not sure whether he likes it.
I am pleased that you enjoy the food.
I am afraid that you are wrong.
I am sure that you will be successful.
【知识点评】
1.在demand,order,suggest,decide,insist,desire,
request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“should+动词原形”。

2.用who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,
why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。

3.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况而使用不同时态。
【例题详析】
(　　)例4.I don’t believe　　　the professor said at the meeting just now.?
A.which B.that C.what D.who
【答案】C
【解析】believe后为宾语从句,said是及物动词,需要宾语,所以用what引导该从句。
【随堂精练】
(　　)4.Could I speak to　　　is in charge of International Sales,please??
A.who B.what
C.whoever D.whatever
【答案】C　
(五)同位语从句
【知识点评】
同位语从句和定语从句的区别:that作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略;that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。
结构与位置 注意事项 例句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容是具有一定含义的抽象名词。 同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice,fact,word,message,news,order,problem,request,promise,question,suggestion,truth,idea等。 The news that we won the game is exciting.
I have no idea when he will come back home.
【例题详析】
(　　)例5.We should consider the students’ request____　the school should build a new library.?
A.that B.when C.which D.where
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词性从句,根据题意可知,空格处是同位语从句的引导词,修饰中心名词request,且在句子中不充当成分,故用that。
【随堂精练】
(　　)5.The story goes　　　the lost child has gone abroad.?
A.that B.which C.where D.as if
【答案】A
三、强化训练
(一)语法选择
(　　)1.An idea suddenly came to me　　　I might use the pocket money to help others.?
A.if B.when C.that D.which
【答案】C　
【解析】本题考查名词性从句中同位语从句的用法。“I might use the pocket money to help others”作“An idea”的同位语从句。
(　　)2.See the flag on top of the building?That was_____　　　we did this morning.?
A.when B.which C.where D.what
【答案】D　
【解析】这里考查be动词后的表语从句用法,表语从句中缺did的宾语。
(　　)3.Many people wrote articles on　　　Liu Xiang had failed to compete in the event.?
A.why B.what C.who D.that
【答案】A　
【解析】“　　　Liu Xiang had failed to compete in the event”作介词on的宾语,宾语从句中不缺主干,故排除B和C。另外that不引导介词的宾语从句,固定搭配除外,所以排除D。
(　　)4.The couple are spending their holiday
on　　　is described as wonderland.?
A.that B.what C.which D.where
【答案】B　
【解析】这里考查介词后的宾语从句,“　　　is described as wonderland.”从句中缺少主语。
(　　)5.The book is meant to　　　needs it.?
A.who B.whoever
C.whomever D.whom
【答案】B　
【解析】这里考查宾语从句,whoever在宾语从句中作主语。
(　　)6.He points out that creativity is　　　it takes to keep a nation highly competitive.?
A.how B.what C.which D.that
【答案】B　
【解析】这里考查表语从句,“　　　it takes to keep a nation highly competitive.作表语从句,从句中缺少takes的宾语,构成it takes sth.to do sth.结构。
(　　)7.　　　is certain is　　　prevention is more important than treatment.?
A.It;that B.What;that
C.As;what D.What;what
【答案】B　
【解析】这里考查主语从句和表语从句,“　　　is certain”在句中作主语,主语从句缺少一个主语,需要用What。“　　　prevention is more important than treatment.是表语从句,句意与结构完整,只有that可以这样用。
(　　)8.Nobody would admit the fact, for some reason,____　they lost the game.?
A.that B.which C.what D.why
【答案】A　
【解析】这里考查同位语从句,“　　　they lost the game.”在句子中作the fact的同位语从句,从句意思结构完整。?
(　　)9.She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do__　　　it takes to save her life.?
A.whichever B.however
C.whatever D.whoever
【答案】C　
【解析】这里考查名词性从句的引导词。句意为:她对我们来说是非常宝贵的,我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。
(　　)10.He asked me　　　I was born.?
A.who B.whom C.when D.which
【答案】C　
【解析】考查宾语从句,句意为:他问我什么时候出生。根据逻辑和连接词的词意进行选择。
(　　)11.—Is there any possibility　　　you could clean the room??
—No problem.
A.when B.that C.whether D.what
【答案】B　
【解析】考查同位语从句。此处是由that引导的同位语从句,表示“你有没有可能打扫房间?”。所以选B项。
(　　)12.　　　he does has nothing to do with me.?
A.Whatever B.No matter
C.That D.If
【答案】A　
【解析】这里考查主语从句,“　　　he does”作句子的主语。
(　　)13.The manager came over and asked the customer how　　　.?
A.did the quarrel come about
B.the quarrel had come about
C.had the quarrel come about
D.has the quarrel come about
【答案】B　
【解析】这里考查宾语从句的语序,用how引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
(　　)14.Energy is　　　makes things work.?
A.what B.something C.anything D.that
【答案】A　
【解析】这里考查表语从句,be动词后由what引导表语从句,句意:能源就是使物体工作的东西。
(　　)15.This is　　　the Shenzhou Ⅴ Spaceship landed.?
A.there B.in which C.where D.when
【答案】C　
【解析】这里考查名词性从句。句中where引导表语从句,在从句中作地点状语。句意:这就是神舟五号太空飞船降落的地方。
四、高考真题
(　　)1.　　　I will stay with my mother has not been decided yet.(2015年真题)?
A.What B.Which
C.Who D.Whether
【答案】D
【解析】考查主语从句。根据句意和逻辑选择whether。
(　　)2.I’m not satisfied with　　　you have done.
(2014年真题)?
A.that B.which C.how D.what
【答案】D　
【解析】考查what引导的句子作介词的宾语,what在这里表示你所做的事,句意为:我不满意你的所作所为。
(　　)3.The fact　　　the contract (合同)has been signed is of great importance.(2014年真题)?
A.which B.why C.where D.that
【答案】D　
【解析】考查同位语从句,that引导的句子作the fact的同位语对它进行解释说明。
(　　)4.　　　fault it is quite clear now.(2014年真题)?
A.Whose B.Who C.Whom D.Where
【答案】A　
【解析】考查主语从句。此句问的是谁的错误,表所属,故应用whose。
(　　)5.Did you hear the news　　　a new student would come to our class?(2013年真题)?
A.what B.that C.which D.why
【答案】B　
【解析】考查同位语从句,that引导的句子作the news的同位语对它进行解释说明。
(　　)6.He does not work hard.That’s　　　he failed in the exam.(2013年真题)?
A.which B.how C.why D.what
【答案】C　
【解析】考查带why的表语从句。根据句意和逻辑选why。
(　　)7.He asked Mary　　　.(2012年真题)?
A.why did she feel unhappy
B.why she felt unhappy
C.why does she feel unhappy
D.why she feels unhappy
【答案】B　
【解析】考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序是特殊疑问词+主语+动词,主句是过去时,从句也要用过去时。
(　　)8.It was not clear　　　the thief entered the room.(2012年真题)?
A.what B.where C.how D.which
【答案】C
【解析】考查主语从句。根据句意和逻辑选how。
(　　)9.Do you know where　　　?I can’t find him
A.Tom has gone B.has Tom gone C.has gone Tom D.will Tom go
【答案】A　
【解析】考查where引导的宾语从句的语序,应为陈述句语序。
(　　)10.　　　we’ll go shopping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A.Whether B.What C.That D.Why
【答案】A　
【解析】考查主语从句,whether引导的从句作句子的主语,句意为:我们明天能否去购物取决于天气。