Unit 1 Other countries other cultures Grammar and usage 定语从句课件（48张PPT）

(共48张PPT)
Contents of this class(本节课的内容)
1.限制性定语从句
2.非限制性定语从句
3.定语从句中的重难点
4.综合对比考查
5.能力提升
1.The man _______ lives next to us sells vegetables.
2.A plane is a machine _________ can fly.
3.The school ____________ we study is beautiful.
4.Do you remember the day ________we first met?
5.The room ___________ window faces to south is mine.
6. The reason __________ he was late was that he missed the train.
7.This is the scientist __________ name is known to all.
who/ that
which/that
where
when
whose
why
whose
定语从句：一个句子跟在一名词或代词（先行词）后进行修
饰限定，就叫做定语从句。通俗来讲，从句在整个句子中做定
语，这个从句就叫做定语从句。

限制性定语：从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用,使该词的
含义更具体,更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略,否则句意就不完
整。
非限制性定语从句：与先行词的关系不十分密切,只是对其作
一些附加说明,不起限定制约作用。如果将非限制性定语从句省去,
主句的意义仍然完整。

She is the girl that everybody likes.

定语从句
先行词
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
Relative
（关系代词） used for used as
which thing
subject（主语）
object（宾语,可省）

that thing
person
who person
whom person object（宾语，可省）
whose Person
/thing attribute（定语）

1）A friend _________ helps you in time of need is a real friend.
2）The man ___________ was pretending to wave asked him to come closer.
3）Those ______ want to see the film must go to the cinema in time.
4）All ______heard the news were amazed.
5）Anyone _______ refused to bow was thrown into prison.
who/that
who/that
who
who
who
6) One ________doesn’t work hard will never be happy.
7) People _________ can see sometimes act just as foolishly.
8) There is a stranger_______ wants to see you.
9) A new teacher will come tomorrow ________will teach you German.
10) The student _______ was praised at the meeting is the monitor.
who
who
who
who
who
that/x
1. Is there a book _______ I can lend you？
2. That’s the money ______ I can save.
3. You can take the seat ______ is next to me.
4. This is the word ________ I can spell.
5. This is the composition _____ I have written in English.
6. This is the film ______ has been shown this month.
7. It’s a book will help you a lot.
that/which
that/which
that/which
that/which
that/which
that/which
that/which
that/which
that
that
8. Yesterday I bought two fish，now you can see the two ______ still alive in a basin of water.
9. She is wearing the dress ______ she bought at that store.
10. I have the opinion ______ is opposite to yours.
111. There is a seat in the corner ______ is still free.
that/which
that/which
that/which
that/which
Look at the house_________roof is red.
2. He lives in a room_______ window faces
to the south.
3. I like the books _______ cover is red.

4.Mr Black ,________ work is teaching English , is considered to be the best
teacher in the school .
whose
whose
whose
whose
7.Titanic is the ship where Jack and Lucy met and loved each other .
8.The year when Titanic hit an iceberg and sank is 1894 .
whose
介词后不能用that
Tips:介词加关系代词时，关系代词都用宾格
即介词+which/whom/whose
Relative
（关系副词） used for used as
when(in/on/at+which) time
adverbial
（状语）
where(in/on/at+which) place
Why(for+which)
reason
（一）先行词是表时间的名词或代词
when=in/on/at+which
when
when
when
when
when
/at which
/on which
/on which
/at which
/at which
1) This is the place the old farmer lives.
2) Standing on the top of the hill, we can see the place the Red Army defeated the enemy troops.
3) This is the school they studied three years ago.
4) This is the school they built last year.
（二）先行词是表地点的名词或代词
where=in/on/at+which
where
in which
where
in which
where
in which
where
in which
（三）先行词是reason why=for+which
1) I should like to know the reason you are going to Beijing.
2) I know the reason you work hard at English.
3) The reason____________________ he was late is that he had missed the bus.
4) I’d like to know the reason________________ you changed your plan.
5) That’s the reason______________ he gave me.
why
for which
why
for which
why
for which
why
for which
why
for which
（四）根据词组搭配来选择介词+关系代词
1. Do you know the boy __ ____ your mother
is talking?
2. Is?this?the?car? ?you?paid?a?high?price???
3. The?man? ?you?shook?hands?just?now?is?our?English?teacher.?

The?teacher? ?the?students?in?our?class?are?fond?is?Mr?Wang,?our?English?teacher.
? ?
to whom
(talk to)
for?which
(pay?for)
with?whom?
(shake?hands?with)
of?whom
(be?fond?of) ?
5. 译：这是我要照顾的小孩。
This is the child who/ whom/ that I will look after.

Tips: 介词不可提前的短语的判断：前面的动词和后面的介词关系紧密，去掉介词，意思会发生改变.
Care for./Deal with./Get through./Hear from/of/about Look for./Look after…
eg. 你正是我在寻找的人。 .

这就是它寄给汤姆的包裹。
.

You're the very man whom I'm looking for.
Here is the parcel that he sent to Tom.
relatives used for used as
which thing
subject（主语）
object（宾语）

that thing
person
who person
whom person object（宾语）
whose person/thing attribute（定语）
relatives used for used as
when(in/on/at+which) time
adverbial
（状语）
where(in/on/at+which) place
why reason
He?is?good?at?English,?______we?all?know.?
A.?that? B.?which? C.?whom ?D.?what?
Li?Ming,?______to?the?concert?enjoyed?it?very?much.?
A.I?went?with? B.?with?whom?I?went?
C.?with?who?I?went ? D.I?went?with?him?
The?letter?is?from?my?sister,?______is?
working?in?Beijing.?
A.?which?B.?that?C.?whom?D.?who?
In?our?factory?there?are?2,000?workers,?two?thirds?of?____are?women.?
A.?them? B.?which? C.?whom ?D.?who?
relatives used for used as
which thing
subject（主语）
object（宾语）

that thing
person
who person
whom person object（宾语）
whose person/thing attribute（定语）
relatives used for used as
when(in/on/at+which) time
adverbial
（状语）
where(in/on/at+which) place
why reason
●（指代物体）只用that不用which
● （指代物体）只用which不用that
● （指代人）只用who不用that
● 对the way的考查
● as的使用
● 特殊词后的where



当先行词是物时， 只用that不用which的情况
先行词是不定代词all, everything, anything,
nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one.
2. 先行词被all, everything, anything,
nothing, something, much, little, few, none修饰时
3. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时
4.先行词序数词修饰时
5.先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时
6. 先行词既有人又有物时
7. 先行词在从句中做表语时
8. 主句以there be开头
9. ?当先行词为疑问代词who, which时
We should do everything _________ is good for our studies.
You can take any seat __________ is free.
This is the only thing_________ we can do.
The is the first place __________ I want to visit.
This is the most interesting book _________ I have ever read.
We talked about the things and persons __________ we were interested in.
he is no longer the lazy boy he used to be.
that
that
that
that
that
that
that
只用which不用that的情况指物，
1.介词后
2. 用于非限制定语从句中
This is the train by _______ we went to Beijing.
Football, _________ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.

which
which
定语从句中只用WHO,不用that的情况
（介绍几种常用的情况）
先行词是one,?ones或anyone时;先行词为those?或被those修饰，指人时；
在非限制性定语从句中指人
◆One? ?does?not?work?hard?will?never?succeed.
◆ Anyone? ?breaks?the?law?should?be?punished.
◆ She?is?the?only?one?of?the?students? ?has?
been?to?the?USA.?
◆ Those ?learn?not?only?from?books?but?also?through?practice?will?succeed.?
◆ I?met?a?friend?of?mine?in?the?street,? ?had?just?come?from?America.?
who
who
who
who
who
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：
1.The way _________________he explained the
sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _________________he explained to us
was quite simple.
that/ which/不填
that/in which/不填
缺状语
缺宾语
the way用做先行词
the way 做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少
主语或宾语:
缺少主语或宾语:
引导词用that / which / 不填(缺宾语时)
主语宾语都不缺:
引导词用that / in which / 不填
1.他走路的样子很有趣。
?
The?way?___________________ ?he walks
is?interesting.
(that/in which/省）
2. She slapped him in the way ____was not a joke.
A. in which B. how C. that D. /
C. that
3.The way ______________he explained to us was simple.
4.The way _______________he explained the sentence to us was hard to understand.
(that/ which)
(that/in which/省）
What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that
C. in the way D. the way which
高考题链接：
as的用法
as\that\which
1. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift.
2. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift it.
4.?I've?seen?the?same?film?________?you?saw?yesterday.?
4.?I've?seen?the?same?film?________?you?saw?yesterday.
3. ______ is known to all, he is the best student.
4. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office.
?
归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成such…as , the same …as, so…as结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。
as 与which引导非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用 as, 意为“正如、恰如”。
as
that
as
that
As
which
1. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift.
2. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift it.
4.?I've?seen?the?same?film?________?you?saw?yesterday.?
4.?I've?seen?the?same?film?________?you?saw?yesterday.
当主句中出现such 或so 时,看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语:
(1)缺主语或宾语,从句前用as
(2)不缺主语和宾语,从句前用that
(2)当主句中出现the same时, 后面从句缺主语或宾语时与as搭配表同一类事物,与that搭配表同一个事物
Tips
as
that
as
that
同一类事物
同一个事物
1.?These?houses?are?sold?at?such?a?low?price?________?people?expected.??
A.?like??????B.?as??????C.?that??????D.?which??
2.?I've?never?heard?so?interesting?a?story?________?you?told?me.?
?A.?as???B.?that???C.?of?which??D.?about?which?
?3.?I'll?buy?the?same?coat?________?you?wear.??
A.?that??????B.?which????C.?as??????D.?like?
??
5.?______?is?known?to?everybody,?the?moon?travels?round?the?earth?once?every?month.??
A.?It?????B.?As????C.?That????D.?What
practice
缺宾语
缺宾语
同一类
1. I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.
2. The country is in the situation where a war
will break out at any time.
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是
表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。
一些特殊词之后的where
解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, stage, condition，position和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导(前提是不缺少主语和宾语)，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。
Eg. This is the point I want to stress.
This is the situation I can not deal with.

that
that
1.We are trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourself?
---Yes, there’s one point ____ we must insist on .
A. why B. where C. how D. /
高考题链接：
Tip:做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择
恰当的关系词。
where\that
1.This is the library_____I borrowed the book.
2.It is from this library____I borrowed the book.
where
定语从句
that
强调句型
综合考查一：定语从句与强调句
3. ---Where did you last see Mr. Smith?
---It was in the hotel____ I lived.
A. that B. which
C. where D. when
近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合对比考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。
综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句
1. We all have heard the news_____ our
team won.
2. We don’t believe in the news _________ he told us yesterday.
that
that/which/—
综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句
The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where B. at which; which
C. at which; where D. which; in which
◆
that/which
1?.（2016北京卷22）?I?live?next?door?to?a?couple?_______?children?often?make?a?lot?of?noise.?
A.?whose????B.?why?????C.?where????D.?which?
2.（2016天津卷9）We’ll?put?off?the?picnic?in?the?park?until?next?week,?_______?the?weather?may?be?better.?
A.?that??????B.?where????C.?which????D.?when??
3.（2016浙江卷11）Scientists?have?advanced?many?theories?about?why?human?beings?cry?tears,?none?of?_______?
has?been?proved.?
A.?whom?????B.?which???C.?what???D.?that?
4.?(2016江苏卷23)?Many?young?people,?most?_______?were?well-educated,?headed?for?remote?regions?to?chase?their?dreams.?
A.?of?which???B.?of?them???C.?of?whom???D.?of?those?
5.?(2017北京卷31)?The?little?problems_______?we?meet?in?our?daily?lives?may?be?inspirations?for?great?inventions.?A.?that????B.?as????C.?where???D?when??

6.?(2017江苏卷28)?In?1963?the?UN?set?up?the?World?Food?Programme，one?of?_______?purposes?is?to?relieve?worldwide?starvation.?
A.?which???B.?its???C.?whose???D.?whom?

7.（2017天津卷9）My?eldest?son,?_______?work?takes?him?all?over?the?world,?is?in?New?York?at?the?moment.?
A.?that???B.?whose???C.?his???D.?who