(共60张PPT)
第8讲八年级下（Unit1-Unit4）
必考词句辨析+语法精析巧练
Unit1 What's the matter?
高频词语
1.enough
2.surprise
3.thanks to\thanks for
4.trouble
5.mind
Unit2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
Unit4 Why don't you talk to your parents?
高频词语
6.alone\lonely
7.a few\few\a little\ little
8.cheer up(动词+up)
9.such\so
10.take after
11.fix up
12.borrow\lend
13.provide
14.as a result\ as a result of
15.while
16.since
17.instead\instead of
18.allow
19.get on with
be +adj. +enough to do sth
...足够到做什么事
adj.“足够的，充分的 ”修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后
enough time
adv. “足够地， 十分，相当”修饰adj./adv,放在adj./adv 后
clear enough
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3
enough
3. be surprised to do sth
做某事而感到惊讶
4. be surprised + that从句 因...而惊讶
5. to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是
2.be surprised at 对……感到吃惊
surprise
1.surprising 令人吃惊的 ;surprised 吃惊的
6. in surprise 吃惊地
考察形容词词义辨析。根据题意，对球星 的去世感到吃惊，surprised适用
句意：作为中学生，无论去哪里，我们都应该遵守公共规则。
【2020】A number of basketball fans were ____ to know the death of their favorite star Kobe.
A. glad
B.angry
C. excited
D. surprised
A高兴的、快乐的
B生气的；气愤的
C激动的；兴奋的
D吃惊的；惊讶的
D
Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers , the doctor saved the man in time.
多亏了王先生和乘客的帮助， 医生及时挽救了那位老人的生命。
Thanks for showing us around.
谢谢带我们游览四周。
thanks to为介词短语，表示原因，意为“由于”、“多亏”，to表示感谢的对象
thanks for ，
意为“因……而感谢”，for强调为何而感谢，
其后可接名词或v-ing
thanks相当于 thank you
短语辨析
考场介词短语意义。前句和后句逻辑关系构成因果。thanks to符合题意。
句意：风调雨顺，人们辛苦劳作我们今年得以大丰收。
【2020】______the nice weather and people's hard work, we have a rich harvest this year.
A. insead of
B.thanks to
C. such as
D. according to
A相反；而不是
B多亏了...；由于
C例如，比如
D根据；依据
B
3 have trouble （in) doing sth做某事有困难
4 trouble（n\v）
5 Do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble?
2 be in trouble 处于困境中
trouble
1 get into trouble造成麻烦（或烦恼）
6人们常常不去帮助别人是因为他们不想惹麻烦。
考察介词后接名词短语意思，根据句意上文Don't lose hope.答案D符合题意语境。
句意：不要灰心。遇到困难，亲朋好友 总有一个会拉你一把的人。
【2020】Don't lose hope. There must be one of your best friends or family with you whenever you're _____.
A.in time
B.in order
C.in public
D. in trouble
A及时
B井然有序
C公共场所
D陷入麻烦
D
He was so excited that he couldn’t say a word. （=He was too excited to say a word.）
他太激动了以至于说不上话来。
so ... that表示“如此...以至于...”,常用于引导结果状语从句。
3 Never mind 不要紧;没关系
4 change one’s mind 改变主意
5 keep … in mind 记住…
2 make up one’s mind 下定决心
mind
1 mind v :介意 n: 头脑，想法，记忆
6Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.阿伦热爱登山，不介意冒险。
考察动词的搭配和句意理解，依据说话者向后挪车位的请求，mind符合题意，mind doing sth介意做某事
句意：您把车向后挪一下可以吗？我出不去。好的，稍等一下。
【2020】－Would you_____moving your car a little further backforward? I can't get out.
－Sure.Hold on, please.
A.regret
B.forget
C. mind
D. enjoy
A懊悔；后悔
B忘记；遗忘
C介意；在乎
D喜欢；享受
C
She was alone at home then.
Yeah, a lot of old people feel lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。
(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感彩。
(2)lonely ①指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；②也可指某个地方是荒凉的
lonely\alone
(2) a few “有一些”，表示肯定概念; few 几乎没有，表示否定意义
(3) a little, little 用于修饰不可数名词。
(4) a little “有一些”，表示肯定概念。 little “几乎没有”，表示否定概念。
(1) a few, few 用来修饰可数名词。
知识归类
辨析few,little的区别，表示较少的鱼，鱼是不可数名词，little 符合题意，very 不修饰比较级，排除B和D。
句意：很难过看到这一景象，过去可是鱼米之乡啊。是的，不复存在。
【2020】－Sad to see that.There used to be lots of fish in the lake.
— Yes, but there are very _____now.
A.few
B.fewer
C. little
D. less
否定意义，修饰可数名词
B比较级，不与very搭配
C否定意义，修饰不可数名词
D比较级，较少的，不与very搭配
C
知识归类
1dress up 打扮，装饰
2look up 查阅
6grow up 成长，长大
7 give up 放弃
4stay up 熬夜
5turn up 调大；调高
3 pick up 捡起;接送’学习；获得
8put up 张贴
You don't need to invite too many people for such a small party．你不必为了一个小聚会邀请太多的人。
I've never seen so interesting a film．
我从来没有看过这么有趣的电影。
such adj．修饰名词，such修饰单数名词时，放在不定冠词a/an之前，若名词前有one，no，any，some，all等修饰时，such放在这些修饰词之后。常用结构such a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数。
so通常置于所修饰的形容词、副词之前，排列顺序为“so＋形容词＋a(an)＋名词”。
such\so
Tom takes after his father and always talks too much.
汤姆和他父亲很像，都是个话匣子。
take after“与(父母)相像”，指由于血缘关系而(在外貌、行为或性格等方面)相似
I fix up bikes and give them away．我修理好自行车，并把它们捐赠出去。
fix up相当于 repair，表示“修理，修补”
fix up是动副短语,后跟物件名词作宾语;当接代词作宾语时，应将代词放在fix和 up之间
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fix up
You can borrow a book from the library.? 你可以从图书馆借一本书。
He’s going to lend his bike to Tom.
他打算把他的自行车借给汤姆。
borrow表示“借入”，即把本来不属于自己的东西借来暂时使用，常与介词from连用。
lend表示“借出”，即把属于自己的东西借给别人暂时使用，常与介词to连用，也可以跟双宾语
borrow\lend
考察动词词义，借钱给别人，lend动词符合题意
句意：中国有句谚语说道借钱容易还钱难啊。
【2020】An old Chinese saying goes that it's easy for you to _____others money, however, it's quite hard for you to get it back.
A.lend
B.steal
C. win
D. pick
A借出去
B偷窃
C赢得；胜利
D捡起；采摘
A
provide
provide?v.提供，给予，供应?
provide?sb.?with sth.或provide?sth.for?sb. 意思是“给某人提供某物”。??
The?wetlands?provide?food?and?shelters?for?the?birds. 湿地为鸟类提供食物和栖息地。??
The?parents?provide?the?children?with?food?and?clothes. 父母给孩子提供衣食。
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The traffic was very heavy and as a result we didn’t arrive on time.
交通十分拥挤，因此我们没有能准时到达。
We can’t go out as a result of the heavy rain. 因为下大雨，我们不能出去。
as a result为习惯短语，意为“因此；结果”，在句中作状语。
as a result of意为“由于……；作为……的结果”。先交代结果，再用as a result of连接原因。
短语辨析
while
（1）while作连词时，可以意为“当……时候, 和……同时”。
（2）while还可作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示两者之间的对比。
Our friends arrived while we were having dinner.
当我们吃饭的时候，朋友们来了。
I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports.
我喜欢听音乐，而我的弟弟爱好运动。
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2
She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. 自从四年前她就在武汉。
Since it is late I shall go home now.
由于时间晚了, 我现在要回家了。
（1）since作介词，意为“从…以来; 自从…之后”。
（2）since作连词，可以意为“因为; 既然; 由于”。
since
????He didn't go home. Instead, he went to the library.
????他没有回家，相反他去了图书馆。
They agreed on the plan Tina came up with instead of John's.
他们同意了缇娜的方案没有选择约翰的。
（1）instead是副词，后面不接其他的词，通常放在句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号隔开，表示未做前面的事，做了后面的事。
（2）instead of是介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。
知识归类
2allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”
3allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”
4allow sb. sth. 意为“给予某人某物(尤指钱或时间)；让某人有(拥用或带有)某物”
1allow sth.意为“允许某事的发生”
allow
?????He gets on (well) with his classmates.
?????How do you get on with your studies? ?
get on意为“相处，进展”，也可用get along，其后接介词with。
get on with sb. 意为“与某人和睦相处/关系良好”；
get on well/badly with sth. 意为“某事进展顺利/不好”。
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get on with
Unit1 What's the matter?
语法焦点
1.情态动词should的用法
2.动词不定式
3.情态动词could的用法
4.提建议句型、until,so that和although引导的状语从句
Unit2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
Unit4 Why don't you talk to your parents?
3. 表示命令和要求，语气比较强烈。
4. 表示预测和可能性。
5. 表示说话人的感情，如惊奇、愤怒等，多以why，what等开头的特殊疑问句中。
2 .表示义务、责任，也意为＂应该；应当＂
should
1. 表示委婉地提出意见或建议，意为＂应该；应当＂。
6. 否定形式其后加not，缩写为shouldn’t；一般疑问句时，should 提到主语之前。
should 作情态动词，有实际的词义，不单独作谓语，须与动词原形连用，没有人称和数的变化。
根据句意理解，at no extra cost,客人被允许使用。can可以表示允许，符合题意。
句意：根据通知，在这个宾馆的顾客可以不用额外地出钱就能使用体育中心。
【2019 ?江苏省连云港市】According to the notice, guests at this hotel ______use the sports center at no extra cost.
A. can
B. should
C. must
D. need
A能，可以
B应该
C必须
D需要
A
should 作为情态动词，通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务，译作“应该”、“应当”。中学生遵守规则是义务。
句意：作为中学生，无论去哪里，我们都应该遵守公共规则。
【2019 ?山东省青岛市】As middle school students, we follow the public rules wherever we go.
A. would
B. should
C. might
D. could
Awould将会
Bshould应该
Cmight可能
Dcould可以
B
表示解决问题的能力， can表示能够，can't不能
句意：——这项任务的确超出了我的能力。——好吧，如果你解决不了，你就得不到报酬。
【2019 ?泰州市】—This task is really beyond me.
—Well, if you _________solve it, you won't get paid.
A. can't
B. needn't
C. mustn't
D. shouldn't
A can't不能
Bneedn't不需要
C mustn't绝不可以，表示命令禁止
D shouldn't不应该
A
根据后半文的提示，允许复印文章，表示允许某人做某事选用情态动词can
句意：我们不允许带杂志出去，但是你可以在那边的机器上
复印你需要的文章。
【2019 ?温州市】We don’t allow taking magazines out, but you ____________ copy the article you need on the machine over there.
A. can
B. must
C. should
D. would
Acan可以、能够
Bmust必须，一定
Cshould应该
D would将会
A
许诺别人做某事，宾语从句中主句为一般过去时，从句用will的过去式would，
句意：杰里没有还我钱，但他答应这个星期天给我。
【2019 ?河南】Jerry didn’t pay me back, but he promised that he _______________ this Sunday.
A. must
B. could
C. would
D. should
A必须；肯定是
B能；可不可以
C会；将要；委婉表达意愿
D应该；理应
C
3肯定回答：Yes, sure. / Of course. / No problem. 否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t.
4表请求否定结构为：Could you（please）not do...?
5 用Could I ...？时，表示请求对方准许，对方回答时不能用could，而要用can。
句型结构主要有：1. Could you +动词原形+...?
2. Could you please+动词原形+...?
could
1could表示有礼貌地请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。
6could还可以作can的过去式，过去能够做什么
从“Sorry”以及“No?smoking”可知，不能吸烟。could提问，否定回答用can’t
句意“我可以在这里吸烟吗？”“对不起，恐怕你。看那个标志‘禁止吸烟’！”
—Could?I?smoke?here?
—Sorry.?I?am?afraid?you?________.?Look?at?the?sign “No?smoking”！
A.?couldn’t?
B.?needn’t?
C.?can’t
D.?won’t
A.couldn’t不能，语气较为委婉
B.needn’t不必；不需要
C.can’t不能，不可以，表示不能做某事
D.won’t将不，不愿意
C
根据对话语境可知是想向对方借东西，此处表示委婉的请求应用Could?I．..？句型
句意“我借你的词典吗？”“对不起，我把我的词典落在家里了。”
—________?I?borrow?your?dictionary?
—Sorry.?I’ve?left?it?at?home.
A.?Should?
B.?Need ?
C.?Must?
D.?Could
A应该；理应
B需要
C必须
D表示委婉请求
D
在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let, make, have, hear, see, feel, smell, hear, watch等,但在被动结构中，to不可省略。
在why not结构中，其后的动词不定式to要省略。
它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为"（not）to+动词原形"。
在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：had better, would rather, cannot help,等。
动词不定式
To see is to believe.
??如果主语较长，则可以用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。
It’s brave of you to jump into the river to save the boy!
动词不定式直接用在主语位置
不定式
动词不定式作主语
① It is +形容词+(of?sb.) to do?sth. ② It is +名词或形容词+ (for?sb.)to do?sth. ③It takes?sb.?some time to do?sth.
在某些复合宾语中，常先用it代替不定式，作形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。 动词有find, consider, think, make, feel...
4 We found it impossible to finish the task on time.
动词不定式作宾语补足语
动词不定式作宾补，即“动词+宾语+（not）to do sth.”
I didn’t expect to see you here.
不定式
动词不定式作宾语:其后常接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, afford, choose, decide, expect, plan, promise, manage, hope, wish, want, seem, refuse, fail等。
6 接不定式作宾补的常见动词有：
advise, allow, ask, cause, expect, beg, encourage, get, help, invite, teach, order, remind, tell, want, wish, warn等。
若主语是aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, wish等名词，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
My wish is to become a singer like my favorite star.
动词不定式作表语
不定式作表语一般位于系动词之后，表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作
It is said that they are to visit China next month.
不定式
Tom is always the first student to arrive at school.
I walked slowly on the icy road in order not to fall down.
To keep fit, students are advised to have healthy habits.
动词不定式作定语（常用于名词之后）。
由only, last, next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语，
动词不定式作目的状语。
so as to (不可用于句首使用)，in order to也可以引导目的状语。
不定式
动词不定式作宾补，即“动词+宾语+（not）to do sth.”warn sb not to do sth告诫不要做某事,选D
医生们告诫大家不要在雾霾天气里逗留过长时间。
Doctors warned people ______ stay outdoors for a long time in foggy weather.
A .not
B. don’t
C.to not
D. not to
D
短语allow sb to do sth，不定式做宾补
句意：令我惊讶的是Daniel的父母允许他和我一起去游玩迪士尼。
[2019·江苏镇江]To my surprise，Daniel's parents allowed him ______ Shanghai Disneyland with me.
A．to visit B．visiting
C．visit D．visits
A
A不定式
B动名词\分词
C动词原形
D动词三单形式
根据句意，前半句表示目的，不定式做目的状语
为了学好英语，他必须每天坚持听磁带。
[2019·湖南益阳]______,he has to listen to tapes every day.
A．To learn English well
B．Learn English well
C．Learning English well
A不定式结构
B动词短语
C动名词短语
A
固定搭配，make 做使役动词时，后接不带to的不定式作宾补
孩子们喜欢阅读让他们开心大笑的故事。
[2019·黑龙江哈尔滨]Kids like reading stories which can make them ______.
A．laugh
B．to laugh
C．laughing
A不带to的不定式
B不定式带to,与make搭配不符
C动名词或分词形式不符合
A
不定式做后置定语修饰the best places,同时live 要加上介词与地点搭配
我认为动物不应该背饲养。是的，森林才是他们栖息的地方。
[2019·湖北孝感]—In my opinion，animals shouldn't be kept for fun.
—I think so.Forests are the best places for animals ______.
A．live
B．living
C．to live
D．to live in
A动词原形
B动名词不做后置定语
C不定式做后置定语，修饰places,缺少介词
D不定式结构加上live in+place
C
promise的搭配，sb promise to do sth,不定式做promise宾语
在电邮里大卫承诺日本逗留期间会看望他的女儿。
[2019·江苏泰州]In his e?mail，David promised ______ his daughter during her stay in Japan.
A．visiting B．visit
C．visited D．to visit
A动名词
B动词原形
C动词过去式
D动词不定式
D
主句为一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
用于否定句中，意为＂直到……才……＂，主句谓语动词通常用非延续性动词，也可用延续性动词
连词until意为＂直到……为止；到……时＂，引导时间状语从句，常放在主句之后，也可以放在主句之前。
until用于肯定句中，意为＂直到……为止＂，主句谓语动词须用延续性动词
until
3 We didn’t go home until the rain stopped.
4 直到雨停了我们才回家。
5 I won’t believe it until I see it with my own eyes.
2 她经常在田里干活到天黑。
until
1 She often works in the field until it gets dark.
6 直到亲眼看见，我才会相信。
短语not...until直到……才……;finish my homework实义动词短语，否定形式用didn't
句意：——Sam，你看起来很累，你昨天熬夜到很晚了吗？——是的，我直到12点才能完成作业。
【2019】—You look so tired, did you stay up late yesterday, Sam?
—Yes, I ____ finish my homework ____12 o’clock.
A. didn’t; until
B. did; until
C. wasn’t; until
A
They climbed higher so that they might get a better view.
为了得到更好的视野
He spoke at the top of his voice, so that the students at the back heard him. 结果后面的同学都听见了。
so that＂以便；为了＂可以用来引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that, 目的状语从句里常用情态动词may, can, might或could表示目的。
so that意为＂以至于；结果＂，引导结果状语从句，陈述的是客观事实，常常不带情态动词。
so that
根据句意，引导目的状语选用so that,烹饪前洗净蔬菜是为了吃上健康卫生的蔬菜
蔬菜烹饪前要洗干净，这样你会吃上健康卫生的菜。
【2020】The vegetables need to be washed carefully before you cook them_______you can enjoy healthy food.
A. such that
B. in order to
C. so that
D. thanks to
Asuch that修饰名词,“这样的，如此的...以至于”不合题意
B表目的，in order to 后接动词短语
C引导目的状语从句，符合题意
D表示原因，“亏了；由于”
C
Although the food tastes terrible, he doesn't complain about it.
连词although意为＂虽然；尽管；即使＂
引导让步状语从句，可以放在主句前面，也 可以放在主句后面，不和but连用
1
2
3
although
连词词义辨析。根据前后文语境相反的事实，pressure与confidence,选用连词although.
尽管Sam工作和生活都面临着不小的压力，但是他对未来仍然自信满满。
_____Sam has much pressure from his job and life, he always has strong confidence in his future.
A. Because
B.Although
C.Since
D. So
A引导原因状语从句，“因为；由于”
B引导让步状语从句，“虽然；尽管”
C表原因“因为”，也可以和时间点连用“自从”
D表结果，“因此；所以”，也可做副词“这么得；如此”
B
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第八讲：八年级(下)Units 1~4
（高频词汇拓展+重点短语组句+话题写作训练） 学生版
Unit1
1.________(n.)脚；足→(pl.)________
2.________(v.)平躺；躺→ (过去式→(过去分词)________ → (现在分词)________
3.________(v.)(使)疼痛；受伤→ (过去式/过去分词)→________ (现在分词)________
4.________(n.&v.)(用手或器具)击；打→(过去式/过去分词)________→(现在分词)________
5.________(adj.)疾病；生病→ (n.)________
6.________(v.)攀爬；登山→ (n.)登山者；攀登者________
7.________(n.)刀→(pl.)________
8.________(v.)→ (过去式)→________(过去分词)________→(n.)意思________→(adj.)意义重大的________
9.________(adj.)重要的→(n.)重要；重要性________
10.________(v.)决心；决定；抉择→(n.)________
11.________(v.)死亡→ (n.)死；死亡________(adj.)死的；失去生命的________→(过去式/过去分词)________ → (现在分词)奄奄一息的；垂危的________
Unit2
12.________(v.)欢呼；喝彩→(adj.)快乐的；愉快的；高兴的________
13.________(v.&n.)义务做；自愿做；志愿者→ (adj.)自愿的；义务的________
14.________(adj.)强壮的；强烈的→(adv.)强有力地；坚强地________→ (反义词)虚弱的；无力的________
15.________(v.)感觉；感触→(n.)感觉；感情________→(过去式/过去分词)感到；感觉________
16.________(v.)使...满意→ (n.)满足；满意________→ (adj.)感到满足的；感到满意的________
17.________(v.&adj.)拥有；自己的→ (n.)物主；主人________
18.________(v.)折断；破裂→(过去式)→(过去分词)(使)破；裂；碎；损坏→(adj.)破损的；残缺的________
19.________(adj.)→ (n.)能力________→(v.)使丧失能力；使残废________→(adj.)丧失能力的；有残疾的________
20.________(v.)想象，设想→(n.)想象，想象力________
21.________(adj.)困难的→(n.)困难；难题________
22.________(v.)训练；培训→(n.) ________→(n.)教练；训练员 ________
23.________(adj.)善良的→(n.)仁慈；善良________
Unit3
24. ________ (v. )借；借用→ (反义词)________
25.________ (v. )发展→ (n.名词)________
26.________(adj. )公平的→ (n.名词)→ (反义词)不公平的________
27.________(adj. )迅速的→ (adv.副词)迅速地________
28.________(adj. )生病的→(n.名词)疾病________
29.________(v. )落下；掉下→(过去式)________
Unit4
30.________ (adj. )第二的→ (adv.副词)其次，第二________
31.________(v. )解释→(n.名词)解释；解说________
32.________(adj. )通常的；寻常的→ (adv.副词)通常地________
35.________(v. )交流；沟通→(n.名词) ________
36.________(adj. )清楚的→ (adv.副词)清晰地________
单元 知识点 例句理解
Unit1 To one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是... But to his surprise,they all agreed to go with him. 但是令他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。
See sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事 The driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 那位司机看到一位老人正躺在马路的一边。
常见get 的短语有： get to 到达 ( = reach, arrive in/at ) get on 上车 get off 下车 get out (of) 离开；（从……）出来 get into trouble 陷入困境；遇到麻烦 get back 回来（= go back,come back,return） get on / along well with 和……和睦相处 get on / along 相处；进展 get ready (for…) (为……) 做好准备 He got off and asked the woman what happened. 他下车，问那个女人发生了什么事情。
give与up搭配，意为“放弃”give up后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。 Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today. Aron在这次事故之后并没有放弃，他现在还坚持爬山。
Thanks to意为“幸亏，由于” Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.多亏了王先生和其他乘客的帮助，老人被及时救治。
right away意为“立刻、马上”，相当于at once或者right now。 The old man had a heart problem and needed to go to the hospital right away.这位老人有心脏病，继续立刻就医。
have problems (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有问题/麻烦”， 相当于：have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.。 The poor woman has much difficulty supporting her family. 可怜的女人养活整个家庭非常不容易。
辨析： used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 记忆口诀：used to do 常常过； be used to do 被用做； be used to doing 习惯做 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 be /get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 身为一名登山者，冒险乃是Aron的家常便饭。He is used to looking after himself. 他习惯了自己照顾自己。 I’m sure I’ll get used to the hard work. 我相信我会习惯这项艰苦的工作的。
run out意为“用尽、用完”，后接宾语时，需要加上介词of。 But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.饮用水枯竭时，他知晓必须采取措施自救。
be/get ready for sth.“为……做准备” The students are reviewing (复习) lessons to get ready for the coming final exams.学生们正为将要到来的期末考试做准备。
so that引导目的状语从句，用以说明主句动作的目的，可以与in order that互换 Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.接着他用左臂包扎防止失血过多。
make a decision或者make decisions表示“做出决定”。 In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life. 在此书中Aron阐述了抉择的重要性和把控命运的意义。
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。 His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 对攀岩的热爱如此不渝让他坚持这一爱好，哪怕有过这样的可怕经历。
keep on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，强调继续或者重复做某事。 You shouldn’t keep on thinking about it.不要老是纠结此事。
① mind doing sth. 介意做某事② mind sb’s/sb doing sth. 介意某人做某事 Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.艾伦热衷攀岩，不在乎背后的风险。
Unit2 hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事” I hope to work outside. 我希望能出去工作。 He hopes to get the driving license.他希望考到驾照。
clean up意为“打扫干净；清除干净”，它的宾语有两种情况： ①如果宾语是名词，该名词宾语可以位于clean和up之间，也可以位于clean up之后。 ②如果宾语是代词，该代词宾语只能位于clean和up之间。 You could help to clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。
cheer up 意为“使振奋，使高兴起来” The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. 那个女孩可以去看望医院里生病的孩子，使他们振作起来。
put off意为“推迟” It’s raining hard.We’d better put off the sports meeting. 正在下大雨，我们最好把运动会延期。
come up with意为“提出，想出（答案、计划等）” We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean-Day.我们得提出个方案为城市美化日做准备。He came up with good ideas for the product promotion. 他想出了推广产品的好主意。
take after意为“像；与...相像”，指由于血缘关系而（在外貌、性格等方面）相似；相当于look like 或be similarto,期中after是介词，其后常接名词或代词。 I take after my mother.我长得像妈妈。
①be similar to意为“与...相似/相仿” ②be similar in“在某方面相似/相仿” My new dress is similar to yours.我的新裙子与你的相似。The two buildings are sililar in style. 这两幢建筑在风格上相似。
Unit3 make a mess弄得一团糟 Mom told me not to make a mess in the kitchen. 妈妈嘱咐我不要把厨房弄乱了。
neither...nor既不...也不 Neither she nor I am going to take a trip. 我和她都不打算去旅行。
borrow sth from sb\somewhere从...那里借来 You are allowed to borrow six books from the library at a time. 你一次可以从图书馆里借阅六本书。
provide sth for sb\ provide sb with sth“为某人提供某物” Our school provides new chairs and desks for the students.我们的学校为学生提供新的桌椅。
as soon as意为“一...就...”，①引导时间状语从句；②“尽快”，常用搭配：as soon as possible I will call you as soon as I arrive there. 我到达那里就会给你电话的。
in order to意为“为了”表示目的，后面跟动词原形。否定结构：in order not to Her parants work so hard in order to make more money for the schooling. 她的父母起早贪黑是为了多赚点学费给她。
depend on意为“依靠；信赖” The price depends on quality.价格取决于质量。
Unit4 与allow 有关的短语 ① allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 ②sb allow doing sth允许做某事 ③be allowed to do sth被允许做某事 Passengers are not allowed to smoke on the bus. 公交车上不允许吸烟。
look through意为“浏览；快速查看” It’s a good habit to look through the newspaper every day. 每天浏览报纸是个好习惯。
get on with意为“与...相处；进展” My problem is that I can’t get on with my family.我的问题是我不能和家人和睦相处。
①comare... with...把...和谁比较（常表示同类相比，比较）②compare ...to...把...比作...（常表示异类相比，比喻） Compare this book with that book.比较一下这本书和那本书。 We often compare eyes to the window of mind. 我们经常把眼睛比作心灵的窗户。
in one’s opinion意为“依...来看” In my opinion, it’s quite necessary to wear a mask during the outbreak of flu. 按照我的看法，流感期间戴口罩是很有必要的。
青少年安全事件频发，自我保护（Self-protection)是青少年必备的一项重要技能。我们应该时刻关注自身安全。请以”How can we protect ourselves?”为题并根据下面的要点，谈谈青少年在生活中应该怎样保护自己。
1谨慎交友；2遇险时报警或向老师求助；3遵守交通法规；4注意饮食；5上下楼梯不拥挤。
要求;1.80次左右；2 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校姓名。
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第八讲：八年级(下)Units 1~4
Unit1
1.foot(n.)脚；足→(pl.)feet
2.lie(v.)平躺；躺→ (过去式)lay→(过去分词)lain → (现在分词)lying
3.hurt(v.)(使)疼痛；受伤→ (过去式/过去分词)hurt→ (现在分词)hurting
4.hit(n.&v.)(用手或器具)击；打→(过去式/过去分词)hit →(现在分词) hitting
5.sick(adj.)疾病；生病→ (n.)sickness
6.climb(v.)攀爬；登山→ (n.)登山者；攀登者climber
7.knife(n.)刀→(pl.)knives
8.mean(v.)→ (过去式)meant→(过去分词)meant→(n.)意思meaning→(adj.)意义重大的 meaningful
9.important(adj.)重要的→(n.)重要；重要性 importance
10.decide(v.)决心；决定；抉择→(n.) decision
11.die(v.)死亡→ (n.)死；死亡death(adj.)死的；失去生命的dead→(过去式/过去分词) died→ (现在分词)奄奄一息的；垂危的dying
Unit2
12.cheer(v.)欢呼；喝彩→(adj.)快乐的；愉快的；高兴的cheerful
13.volunteer(v.&n.)义务做；自愿做；志愿者→ (adj.)自愿的；义务的voluntary
14.strong(adj.)强壮的；强烈的→(adv.)强有力地；坚强地strongly→ (反义词)虚弱的；无力的weak
15.feel(v.)感觉；感触→(n.)感觉；感情feeling→ (过去式/过去分词)感到；感觉 felt
16.satisfy(v.)使...满意→ (n.)满足；满意satisfaction→ (adj.)感到满足的；感到满意的satisfied
17.own(v.&adj.)拥有；自己的→ (n.)物主；主人owner
18.break(v.)折断；破裂→(过去式)broke →(过去分词)(使)破；裂；碎；损坏 broken→(adj.)破损的；残缺的broken
19.able(adj.)→ (n.)能力ability→(v.)使丧失能力；使残废disable→(adj.)丧失能力的；有残疾的disabled
20.imagine(v.)想象，设想→(n.)想象，想象力imagination
21.difficult(adj.)困难的→(n.)困难；难题difficulty
22.train(v.)训练；培训→(n.) training→(n.)教练；训练员 trainer
23.kind(adj.)善良的→(n.)仁慈；善良kindness
Unit3
24. borrow (v. )借；借用→ (反义词)lend
25.develop (v. )发展→ (n.名词)development
26.fair (adj. )公平的→ (n.名词) fairness→ (反义词)不公平的unfair
27.quick (adj. )迅速的→ (adv.副词)迅速地quickly
28.ill(adj. )生病的→(n.名词)疾病illness
29.drop(v. )落下；掉下→(过去式)dropped
Unit4
30.second (adj. )第二的→ (adv.副词)其次，第二 secondly
31.explain (v. )解释→(n.名词)解释；解说 explanation
32.usual (adj. )通常的；寻常的→ (adv.副词)通常地usually
35.communicate (v. )交流；沟通→(n.名词) communication
36.clear (adj. )清楚的→ (adv.副词)清晰地clearly
单元 知识点 例句理解
Unit1 To one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是... But to his surprise,they all agreed to go with him. 但是令他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。
See sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事 The driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 那位司机看到一位老人正躺在马路的一边。
常见get 的短语有： get to 到达 ( = reach, arrive in/at ) get on 上车 get off 下车 get out (of) 离开；（从……）出来 get into trouble 陷入困境；遇到麻烦 get back 回来（= go back,come back,return） get on / along well with 和……和睦相处 get on / along 相处；进展 get ready (for…) (为……) 做好准备 He got off and asked the woman what happened. 他下车，问那个女人发生了什么事情。
give与up搭配，意为“放弃”give up后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。 Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today. Aron在这次事故之后并没有放弃，他现在还坚持爬山。
Thanks to意为“幸亏，由于” Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.多亏了王先生和其他乘客的帮助，老人被及时救治。
right away意为“立刻、马上”，相当于at once或者right now。 The old man had a heart problem and needed to go to the hospital right away.这位老人有心脏病，继续立刻就医。
have problems (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有问题/麻烦”， 相当于：have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.。 The poor woman has much difficulty supporting her family. 可怜的女人养活整个家庭非常不容易。
辨析： used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 记忆口诀：used to do 常常过； be used to do 被用做； be used to doing 习惯做 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 be /get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 身为一名登山者，冒险乃是Aron的家常便饭。He is used to looking after himself. 他习惯了自己照顾自己。 I’m sure I’ll get used to the hard work. 我相信我会习惯这项艰苦的工作的。
run out意为“用尽、用完”，后接宾语时，需要加上介词of。 But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.饮用水枯竭时，他知晓必须采取措施自救。
be/get ready for sth.“为……做准备” The students are reviewing (复习) lessons to get ready for the coming final exams.学生们正为将要到来的期末考试做准备。
so that引导目的状语从句，用以说明主句动作的目的，可以与in order that互换 Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.接着他用左臂包扎防止失血过多。
make a decision或者make decisions表示“做出决定”。 In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life. 在此书中Aron阐述了抉择的重要性和把控命运的意义。
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。 His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 对攀岩的热爱如此不渝让他坚持这一爱好，哪怕有过这样的可怕经历。
keep on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，强调继续或者重复做某事。 You shouldn’t keep on thinking about it.不要老是纠结此事。
① mind doing sth. 介意做某事② mind sb’s/sb doing sth. 介意某人做某事 Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.艾伦热衷攀岩，不在乎背后的风险。
Unit2 hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事” I hope to work outside. 我希望能出去工作。 He hopes to get the driving license.他希望考到驾照。
clean up意为“打扫干净；清除干净”，它的宾语有两种情况： ①如果宾语是名词，该名词宾语可以位于clean和up之间，也可以位于clean up之后。 ②如果宾语是代词，该代词宾语只能位于clean和up之间。 You could help to clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。
cheer up 意为“使振奋，使高兴起来” The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. 那个女孩可以去看望医院里生病的孩子，使他们振作起来。
put off意为“推迟” It’s raining hard.We’d better put off the sports meeting. 正在下大雨，我们最好把运动会延期。
come up with意为“提出，想出（答案、计划等）” We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean-Day.我们得提出个方案为城市美化日做准备。He came up with good ideas for the product promotion. 他想出了推广产品的好主意。
take after意为“像；与...相像”，指由于血缘关系而（在外貌、性格等方面）相似；相当于look like 或be similarto,期中after是介词，其后常接名词或代词。 I take after my mother.我长得像妈妈。
①be similar to意为“与...相似/相仿” ②be similar in“在某方面相似/相仿” My new dress is similar to yours.我的新裙子与你的相似。The two buildings are sililar in style. 这两幢建筑在风格上相似。
Unit3 make a mess弄得一团糟 Mom told me not to make a mess in the kitchen. 妈妈嘱咐我不要把厨房弄乱了。
neither...nor既不...也不 Neither she nor I am going to take a trip. 我和她都不打算去旅行。
borrow sth from sb\somewhere从...那里借来 You are allowed to borrow six books from the library at a time. 你一次可以从图书馆里借阅六本书。
provide sth for sb\ provide sb with sth“为某人提供某物” Our school provides new chairs and desks for the students.我们的学校为学生提供新的桌椅。
as soon as意为“一...就...”，①引导时间状语从句；②“尽快”，常用搭配：as soon as possible I will call you as soon as I arrive there. 我到达那里就会给你电话的。
in order to意为“为了”表示目的，后面跟动词原形。否定结构：in order not to Her parants work so hard in order to make more money for the schooling. 她的父母起早贪黑是为了多赚点学费给她。
depend on意为“依靠；信赖” The price depends on quality.价格取决于质量。
Unit4 与allow 有关的短语 ① allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 ②sb allow doing sth允许做某事 ③be allowed to do sth被允许做某事 Passengers are not allowed to smoke on the bus. 公交车上不允许吸烟。
look through意为“浏览；快速查看” It’s a good habit to look through the newspaper every day. 每天浏览报纸是个好习惯。
get on with意为“与...相处；进展” My problem is that I can’t get on with my family.我的问题是我不能和家人和睦相处。
①comare... with...把...和谁比较（常表示同类相比，比较）②compare ...to...把...比作...（常表示异类相比，比喻） Compare this book with that book.比较一下这本书和那本书。 We often compare eyes to the window of mind. 我们经常把眼睛比作心灵的窗户。
in one’s opinion意为“依...来看” In my opinion, it’s quite necessary to wear a mask during the outbreak of flu. 按照我的看法，流感期间戴口罩是很有必要的。
青少年安全事件频发，自我保护（Self-protection)是青少年必备的一项重要技能。我们应该时刻关注自身安全。请以”How can we protect ourselves?”为题并根据下面的要点，谈谈青少年在生活中应该怎样保护自己。
1谨慎交友；2遇险时报警或向老师求助；3遵守交通法规；4注意饮食；5上下楼梯不拥挤。
要求;1.80次左右；2 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校姓名。
Self-protection is one of the most important skills for teenagers because we may get hurt in many ways.We’re supposed to try our best to make sure we are safe.But how can we protect ourselves?Here are some of my suggestions.
First, asking for help from friends and parents before you accept things from strangers and you should be careful to make friends,especially online. Personal information such as telephone number, addresses and other private things are not allowed to give away.
Second,if we are in danger,we must call the police or ask teachers for help in time .So that we can keep ourselves safe.
Also,traffic rules must be followed. We should watch out for the traffic lights when crossing the street. We need to eat healthily and safety.Last,we should no push each other when we go upstairs or downstairs at school.
All in all,learning how to protect ourselves and staying away from danger mean a lot to us.
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