Unit 6 Earth first
每年的4月22日为地球日，这是一个提醒我们去尊重、善待地球的特殊日子。让我们一起看一看我们应该如何去保护地球。
We live and depend on our planet, Earth. Often, we don't treat Earth with the respect thatwe should. Earth Day is a special day to remind us of how important our planet is. Earth Day is celebrated around the world on April 22. On Earth Day, people are reminded to enjoy Earth's beauty and to preserve① it for future generations. The first Earth Day took place in the United States in 1970，and it became an international event in 1990.
On Earth Day, people celebrate Earth by going outside to enjoy nature. Some people volunteer to do a neighborhood clean?up. Other people celebrate Earth Day by doing something nice for nature, such as building a bird house, or teaching children about conservation and recycling.
Here are some environmentally friendly tips：
?Recycle② paper, plastic and aluminum.
?Reuse bags when you go shopping.
?Save items that you can use again, such as boxes, containers, and water bottles.
?Donate③ old toys and clothes.
?Reduce waste—buy only what you need, and order less food at restaurants.
?Turn off lights when you leave a room.
?Unplug④ appliances⑤ when you aren't using them.
?Wear extra clothes instead of turning on the heat.
?Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth.
?Plant a tree.
?Plant a garden and grow your own vegetables.
?When you're writing or drawing, use both sides of the paper.
?Put your rubbish in the bin.
?Teach your family and friends how to protect the environment.
【注】 ①preserve v. 保护，保留 ②recycle v. 循环，再利用 ③donate v. 捐献 ④unplug v. 拔下 ⑤appliance n. 家用电器
【立德树人】 地球是我们人类唯一的家园 (one and only home)，让我们从身边的小事做起，爱护周围环境，成为一个心中有山川、心中有大爱的人。
Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前自学导引
鲨鱼：是危险的还是被置于危险的？
我们看到一个女人夜晚在漆黑的海中游泳。突然，她被拖到水下。她浮出水面，恐惧地哭泣，然后永远消失了。这是1975年电影《大白鲨》的开始场景，展示了鲨鱼袭击。它讲述了一条大白鲨袭击并杀死游泳者的故事。《大白鲨》获得了巨大的成功，吸引了大量观众并赢得了许多奖项。它强化了人们长期以来认为大白鲨是一种危险动物的观念。
人们总是害怕鲨鱼，但《大白鲨》使情况变得更糟。它使人们害怕鲨鱼，特别是大白鲨。许多看过这部电影的人开始相信鲨鱼是吃人的坏动物。有些人因为害怕电影里这个可怕的生物而停止在海里游泳。其他人开始捕捞鲨鱼，尽可能多地捕杀。那时，没有人关心鲨鱼是否被杀，或者有多少被杀。人们只想杀了它们。
1975年后，大鲨鱼的数量在美国各地迅速下降，很快在全世界范围内下降。这不仅是因为对鲨鱼的害怕，而且是因为割鲨鱼鳍。割鲨鱼鳍是一种捕捉鲨鱼然后割掉鱼鳍的捕鱼方式。鲨鱼被扔回海里，在那里它们慢慢地、痛苦地死去。鱼鳍被用在鱼翅汤里。割鲨鱼鳍每年杀死数百万条鲨鱼。
割鲨鱼鳍会对彼得·本奇利产生意想不到的影响，电影《大白鲨》就是根据他写的那本书改编的。1980年，本奇利正在潜水，这时他偶然看到一个可怕的景象。这是一个捕鱼者割鱼鳍的地方，海底布满了死去的鲨鱼。本奇利看到鲨鱼被杀，这给他内心带来了深刻的改变。与之前的观点相反，他开始把人看作是对鲨鱼的一种危险。从那天起，他为保护鲨鱼而奋斗。他承认他的书错怪了鲨鱼的行为。“鲨鱼不会以人类为目标，”他说。专家们已经证明，鲨鱼并不把人看作食物，他们错误地攻击了我们。每年只有大约6人被鲨鱼杀死。
幸运的是，不是每个看过电影《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼，有些人变得对了解鲨鱼感兴趣。今天，随着我们对鲨鱼的了解越来越多，越来越多的人想保护它们免遭灭绝。
课堂合作探究
1 scare v. 使(某人)惊恐，吓唬(P62)
归纳 拓展 (1)scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事 scare sb. away/off 把某人吓跑 (2)scared adj. 惊恐的，害怕的 be scared of (doing) sth. 害怕……；对……感到惊恐 be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 be scared to death 吓死；吓得要死 (3)scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的，引起恐慌的
①She tries to scare the child into_behaving well.
她试图吓唬那孩子让其守规矩。
②To scare the birds away,_I made a scarecrow man.
为了吓跑鸟儿，我做了一个稻草人。
③The little girl is_scared_of going across the bridge because she is_scared_to fall into the river.
小女孩不敢过桥，因为她害怕掉进河里。
④I was_scared_to_death when I saw someone walking slowly towards me in the dark.
当我看到一个人在黑暗中慢慢朝我走来时，我怕得要死。
(1)单句语法填空
①He was scared ________ (go) home when he did wrong.
②The girl was ________ when she saw the ________ snake. (scare)
③I am scared ________ dogs.
答案：①to go ②scared; scary ③of
(2)单句写作
①他们用恐吓的手段逼他在文件上签字。
They ____________________ the paper.
②突然的响声把这只狗吓跑了。
The sudden noise ____________________.
答案：①scared him into signing ②scared the dog away/off
2 target v. 把……作为目标；把……对准(某群体) n. 靶，靶子；目标，指标；(攻击的)目标，对象(P63)
归纳 拓展 (1)target sb./sth. 把……作为目标 be targeted at 针对……，以……为目标 (2)hit/miss the target 中/脱靶 a target for all 众矢之的 meet/achieve a target 完成/达到目标
①The company has_targeted adults as its primary customers.
这家公司将成年人作为其主要的目标客户。
②This course is mainly targeted_at English beginners.
这门课主要针对英语初学者。
③The boy hit_the_target with his first dart.
那男孩第一镖就击中了目标。
单句写作
①箭脱靶了。
The arrow ____________________.
②这个餐馆的早餐和午餐针对的是在附近工作的人。
Breakfast and lunch of the restaurant ________________ the people working nearby.
答案：①missed the target ②are targeted at
3 fortunately adv. 幸运地(P63)
归纳 拓展 (1)fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉利的 be fortunate to do/(in) doing ... 做……很幸运 It is fortunate (for sb.) to do/that ... (对某人来说)做……是幸运的。 (2)fortune n. 运气，命运；财富，财产 make a fortune 发财，赚钱 (3)unfortunate adj. 不幸的 unfortunately adv. 不幸地
①Fortunately,_the rain stopped before we started.
幸运的是，在我们动身前雨停了。
②We are_fortunate_to_live/(in)_living in such a peaceful country.
我们生活在这么和平的国家里真幸运。
③It_was_fortunate_that nobody was hurt in the accident.
幸运的是事故中没有人受伤。
④He went to Beijing and soon made_a_big_fortune.
他去了北京，不久便发了大财。
名师点津 fortune作“机会，运气”讲时为不可数名词，作“财产”讲时为可数名词。
(1)单句语法填空
①________ was fortunate that we all passed the exam.
②I was late, but ________ (fortunate) the class hadn't started.
③I called on you yesterday, but ________ (unfortunate) you were out.
答案：①It ②fortunately ③unfortunately
(2)单句写作
①如果你能发现市场需求，你就能赚大钱。
If you can discover a market need, you can ____________________.
②我很幸运，有位好老师。
I ____________________ a good teacher.
答案：①make a big fortune ②am fortunate to have/in having
4 attitude n. (尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度(P64)
归纳 拓展 (1)attitude to/towards 对……的态度(其中to、towards为介词，后跟名词或动名词作宾语)； (2)询问“对……的态度”时常用疑问词what。
①He has a positive attitude_to/towards life.
他对生活持有积极的态度。
②What is your attitude_to/towards this idea?
你对这种想法持什么态度？
(1)单句语法填空
①Her good behaviour made us change our attitudes ________ her.
②He has a positive attitude to ________ (eat) family meals together.
答案：①to/towards ②eating
(2)单句写作
你对在校使用手机持什么态度？
______________________ using cellphones at school?
答案：What's your attitude to/towards
due to 由于，因为(P62)
归纳 拓展 due adj. 预期的；预计的；到期的；应给的 be due to do ... 预期做……；预定要做某事 (be) due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人
①The flight was put off due_to the heavy fog.
这架班机因大雾延误。
②The professor is_due_to_make a speech this Friday.
教授预期在本周五发表演讲。
③Any money that is_due_to_you will be paid before the end of the month.
欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。
名师点津 表示“因为；由于……”的短语还有：because of， owing to， thanks to， as a result of， as a/in consequence of， on account of。
(1)单句语法填空
①His absence was due ________ the heavy rain.
②Thanks ________ your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
③The flood came about as a result ________ the heavy spring rains.
答案：①to ②to ③of
(2)单句写作
会议预定3点钟开始。
The meeting ________________ at three o'clock.
答案：is due to start
Fortunately, not_everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them. 幸运的是，不是每个看过电影《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼，有些人变得对了解鲨鱼感兴趣。(P63)
剖析 本句中not everyone是部分否定，意为“不是每个人”。
归纳 拓展 (1)英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, completely, whole, entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。 (2)若表示完全否定，可借助于no, none, no one, nobody, nothing, neither, never等。
①I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with everything.
我同意你说的大部分内容，但我并非同意你讲的一切。
②Both of the two math problems are not very difficult.
＝Not_both of the two math problems are very difficult.
这两道数学题并非都很难。
③None of us knows how to face the problem.
我们中没有人知道该如何去面对这个问题。
(1)同义句转换
①All birds don't fly south for the winter.
→________________ fly south for the winter.
②Both of the roads don't lead to the town.
→________________ of the roads lead to the town.
答案：①Not all birds ②Not both
(2)变为完全否定句
Not all of us can recite the long passage.
→________ of us can recite the long passage.
答案：None
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The ocean is home to a whale and a ________ (鲨鱼)．
答案：shark
2．People keep a dog to ________ (吓唬) away thieves.
答案：scare
3．He took a deep breath and ________ (潜水) into the lake.
答案：dived
4．The sports shoe company decided to ________ (把……作为目标) teenagers as its main customers.
答案：target
5．If you want to improve your situation, you must adopt a positive ________ (态度)．
答案：attitude
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She lost her watch, but ________ (fortunate) her father found it on his way to school.
答案：fortunately
2．The change in climate might be one of the causes for the ________ (extinct) of dinosaurs.
答案：extinction
3．It was her first time to write a story which was proved to be ________ great success.
答案：a
4．I can't seem to bring to mind the name of the place ________ we last met.
答案：where
5．It is reported that over 1,000 sharks ________ (fin) last year.
答案：were finned
Ⅲ.选词填空
be covered with； be wrong about； by mistake； cut off； due to； from that day on； make things worse； raise awareness of； tell the story of； the number of
1．The campaign aims to ________ the dangers of passive smoking.
答案：raise awareness of
2．I'm afraid I ________ him just now. It is not his fault.
答案：was wrong about
3．We got lost in the dark and the heavy rain ________.
答案：made things worse
4．Three months ago, my aunt gave me a cat. ________， the cat has lived with us together.
答案：From that day on
5．________ the bad traffic, I was late for work this morning.
答案：Due to
6．About three?fourths of the earth's surface ________ water.
答案：is covered with
7．This film ________ a family living in the village.
答案：tells the story of
8．________ employees in our company has been reduced to 45.
答案：The number of
9．They were almost completely ________ from the outside world because of the terrible earthquake.
答案：cut off
10．My coat isn't there, so I guess someone must have taken it ________.
答案：by mistake
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．我路过的时候看到我的妹妹正在她的房间学习。
I ____________________ in her room when I passed by.
答案：saw my sister studying
2．我们正在吃晚餐，这时一个陌生人进来了。
We ____________________ a stranger came in.
答案：were having dinner when
3．不是每个学生都通过了考试。
____________________ passed the exam.
答案：Not every student
4．老工人对青年工人不仅言传而且身教。
The old workers instruct the young workers ____________ in words ____________ in deeds.
答案：not only; but also
5．我们两个都不是医生。
________________ is a doctor.
答案：Neither of us
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 完形填空
Mr Glen is a millionaire. Five years ago, after returning from abroad to his motherland, he __1__ his small company. Speaking of success, Glen often tells us a story about his extra expensive “school” fee. He always __2__ his success to it.
At that time, Glen, who already got a PhD degree, __3__ to return to the homeland, starting a company. Before leaving, he bought a Rolex watch with the __4__ made through years of work after school and the scholarships. At the airport he had to accept the __5__ customs check. The watch on his wrist was also demanded to be taken down for __6__. Glen knew that carrying the specific goods out had to pay the tax, and he worried about paying __7__ for his watch. So when he was checked, he told a lie __8__ his watch was a __9__ fake (假货). When he was __10__ of his “smarts”， immediately, in the presence of Glen, the officers hit the watch, which cost nearly ￥100,000, into pieces __11__ hearing Glen's words. Glen was __12__. Before he understood why, he was taken to the office to be examined __13__. For many times of entry?exit __14__ he knew that only those people in the “blacklist” would “enjoy” this special treatment. The officers looked over everything carefully in the box, and __15__ him no matter what time of entry and exit he must accept the check and if __16__ reusing and carrying fake and shoddy goods, he would be __17__ according to law! Suddenly, his face turned red, and he had nothing in mind after boarding the plane for long.
After returning to the homeland, he often told the story to his family, and his employees, too. He said that this made a deep __18__ on him, because the additional high “school” fee that he had ever __19__ made him realize the value of __20__， which he would remember as the secret of his success forever.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过格伦先生的亲身经历说明了诚实是获得成功的一个非常关键的要素。
1．A.took up B．picked up
C．brought up D．set up
答案：D 根据下文的“starting a company”可知，他建立了(set up)他的小型公司。
2．A.honors B．mentions
C．brings D．owes
答案：D 根据最后一段中的“because the additional high ‘school’ fee ... as the secret of his success forever”可知，他把自己的成功归功于(owes)它。
3．A.decided B．refused
C．objected D．asked
答案：A 在那时，Glen决定(decided)回故乡，创办自己的公司。
4．A.pensions B．things
C．savings D．pounds
答案：C 根据空格后的“made through years of work after school and the scholarships”可知，他用储蓄(savings)买了一块劳力士手表。
5．A.mysterious B．routine
C．regular D．common
答案：B 在机场他接受了例行的(routine)海关检查。
6．A.inspection B．look
C．test D．experiment
答案：A 根据上文的“At the airport he had to accept the __5__ customs check.”可知，他手腕上的手表也被要求取下来检查(inspection)。
7．A.one B．it
C．them D．these
答案：B 指代前面的the tax，故用it。
8．A.which B．what
C．that D．how
答案：C 本空引导同位语从句，在从句中不作成分也无意义，故应用that。
9．A.priceless B．worthless
C．useful D．valuable
答案：B 根据fake可知，假货自然是不值钱的(worthless)。
10．A.proud B．typical
C．ashamed D．consistent
答案：A 根据空格后的“of his ‘smarts’”并结合语境可知，他为他的聪明感到骄傲(proud)。
11．A.about B．to
C．on D．in
答案：C 一听到Glen说的话，工作人员当着他的面把手表砸碎了。on doing sth.意为“一……”。
12．A.disappointed B．delighted
C．satisfied D．amazed
答案：D 工作人员当着他的面把手表砸碎了，他一定是非常吃惊(amazed)。
13．A.strictly B．desperately
C．frequently D．curiously
答案：A 他被带到办公室严格地(strictly)检查。
14．A.circumstances B．experiences
C．experiments D．conditions
答案：B 根据空格后的“he knew that only those people in the ‘blacklist’ would ‘enjoy’ this special treatment”可知，多次出入境的经历(experiences)使他知道只有在黑名单上的人，才会“享受”这种特殊待遇。
15．A.forbade B．persuaded
C．informed D．urged
答案：C 根据空格后的“no matter what time of entry and exit he must accept the check and if __16__ reusing and carrying fake and shoddy goods, he would be __17__ according to law”可知，这是工作人员在通知(informed)他。
16．A.came out B．found out
C．sent out D．set out
答案：B 如果被发现(found out)再使用和携带假货和次品，根据法律，他将被指控。
17．A.struck B．blamed
C．charged D．scolded
答案：C 如果再被发现携带假货和次品，根据法律，他将被指控(charged)。
18．A.expression B．imagination
C．inspiration D．impression
答案：D 他说这件事情给他留下了深刻的印象(impression)。
19．A.reserved B．paid
C．consumed D．purchased
答案：B 表示“付出，支付”用pay，句意：他说这件事情给他留下了深刻的印象，因为他曾经支付(paid)额外的“高学费”，这使他意识到诚实的价值。
20．A.honesty B．package
C．bargaining D．bravery
答案：A 根据上文内容可知，Glen因为说谎付出了代价，因此他认识到了诚信(honesty)的重要。
Ⅱ 阅读理解
The Boy Made It!
One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn't have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.
Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.
He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow. If he didn't, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.
Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.
By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn't lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled (蜷缩) in his cave and slept.
The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn't find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.
Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls' survival show Man vs. Wild. That's where he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episode (一期节目) of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.
When Grylls heard about Nicholas' amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个男孩在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事。
1．What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?
A．He got lost. B．He broke his skis.
C．He hurt his eyes. D．He caught a cold.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第三句“Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone！”可知，Nicholas迷路了，故选A项。
2．How did Nicholas keep himself warm?
A．He found a shelter.
B．He lighted some branches.
C．He kept on skiing.
D．He built a snow cave.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Nicholas built a snow cave”和“to stay as warm as he could”可知，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞，故选D项。
3．On Tuesday, Nicholas ________.
A．returned to his shelter safely
B．was saved by a searcher
C．got stuck in the snow
D．stayed where he was
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.”可知，星期二的时候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了，故选B项。
4．Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he ________.
A．did the right things in the dangerous situation
B．watched Grylls' TV program regularly
C．created some tips for survival
D．was very hard?working
答案：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive”可知，Grylls认为一个男孩在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，而Nicholas能逃生也是因为他在危险的处境下做了正确的事去应对，故选A项。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
假设你是北京市某中学的学生李华，请根据以下提示，针对北京市遭沙尘暴袭击的情况，向某英语报社写一封信，呼吁大家植树造林，保护环境。
1．过去家乡树木成林，如今人们毁林种地建房；
2．气候变化，土地沙漠化；
3．植树造林，人人有责。
注意：1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Editor，
I'm a student at a middle school of Beijing.
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear Editor，
I'm a student at a middle school of Beijing. I'm writing to express my great concern for the environment in my hometown.
My hometown used to be a beautiful place where thick forests and green grass could be seen. However, in order to build houses and grow more crops, people cut down many trees. As time went by, the forests were seriously destroyed. Besides, because of climate changes it rains little now. As a result, sandstorms occur frequently, from which people suffer a lot.
To prevent the process of desertification, I hope all people can take good care of the forests and plant more trees. Only in this way can our living conditions be improved little by little.
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
- 1 -
(共101张PPT)
Period ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas
课前自学导引
课堂合作探究
课后课时作业
Period Ⅱ Using language——Grammar & Vocabulary
Grammar(现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语)
课前自主预习
[观察句子，总结规律]
①We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.
②It made people frightened of sharks, especially of the great white shark.
③People just wanted them killed.
[我的发现]
(1)句①中，swimming为________分词，在句中作________。
(2)句②③中，frightened和killed为________分词，在句中作________。
答案：(1)现在；宾语补足语 (2)过去；宾语补足语
精讲课时语法
一、现在分词作宾语补足语
现在分词作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。现在分词常作以下动词的宾语补足语。
1．表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。
I felt somebody standing behind me.
我感觉有人站在我后面。
2．表示指使意义的使役动词have, keep, get, leave等。
I won't have you running about in the room.
我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。
3．用于with复合结构中，现在分词与宾语之间是主谓关系。
I couldn't do my homework with_the_noise_going_on.
由于噪音不断，我没法做家庭作业。
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之，说明宾语所处的状态，一般跟它前面的宾语在逻辑上构成动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
1．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep, leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep_himself_reminded of his own dream.
迈克尔把姚明的画像挂在床边，目的是提醒自己记住自己的梦想。
2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。
While they were on holiday, they had_their_car_broken_into.
他们在度假时，汽车被撬开了。
(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
They managed to make_themselves_understood by using very simple English.
他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
3．感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
When we saw_the_road_blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。
The next morning people found_the_world_outside_their_houses_completely_changed.
第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
4．表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like, want, wish, expect, order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
The manager ordered_the_work_finished at the end of this week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
5．用在with复合结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
John received an invitation to dinner, and with_his_work_finished,_he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也做完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The manager was satisfied to see many new products ________ (develop) after great effort.
答案：developed
2．With the couple ________ (work) in a nearby town, the house seems pretty empty most of the time.
答案：working
3．In the job interviews, job applicants often find themselves ________ (ask) unexpected questions, some very difficult to answer.
答案：asked
4．—Do you think you could get this package ________ (mail) for me, please?
—No problem!
答案：mailed
5．With the work ________ (finish), they went to the seaside for a holiday.
答案：finished
6．I've heard it ________ (say) that Elizabeth is a tough business woman.
答案：said
7．The police promised that they would keep the relatives of the victim ________ (inform) of everything about the investigation.
答案：informed
8．He's a good watch repairer and can get the clock ________ (go) again.
答案：going
9．The girl answered the question in such a low voice that she couldn't make herself ________ (hear) by others.
答案：heard
10．Don't leave that man over there ________ (wait) outside and show him in now.
答案：waiting
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．As time passes by, we will have a better and better life.
→With time ____________， we will have a better and better life.
答案：passing by
2．I saw that they were coming across the street.
→I saw them ________ across the street.
答案：coming
3．I stood on the bridge and noticed boats were passing by.
→I stood on the bridge and noticed boats __________.
答案：passing by
4．A beggar in rags stood there and his eyes stared at the steak on the plate.
→A beggar in rags stood there with his eyes ________ at the steak on the plate.
答案：staring
5．When he woke up, he found that he was surrounded by a group of children.
→When he woke up, he found himself ________ by a group of children.
答案：surrounded
6．When he got home, he found his house had been cleaned.
→When he got home, he found his house ________.
答案：cleaned
Vocabulary
1 devote v. 致力，献身，倾注(P65)
归纳 拓展 (1)devote ... to ... 把……致力于……，专心于……(to为介词) devote oneself to 献身于；致力于 (2)devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠实的，忠诚的 be devoted to 致力于；献身于；热爱…… (3)devotion n．奉献；关照；忠诚
①Every time I see him, he always devotes_himself_to his work.
＝Every time I see him, he is always devoted_to his work.
每次我见到他的时候，他都在全身心地工作。
②As a soldier, he showed selfless devotion to duty.
作为战士，他表现出了对其天职的无私奉献。
(1)单句语法填空
①You will never gain success unless you ________ (devote) to your work.
②________ (devote) to scientific research wholeheartedly, he spends little time with his family.
③Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we be devoted to ________ (build) a harmonious society.
④His ________ (devote) to his wife and family is touching.
答案：①are devoted ②Devoted ③building ④devotion
(2)句型转换
He devoted himself to social welfare and gained people's respect.
①________________ social welfare, he gained people's respect.
②________________ social welfare, he gained people's respect.
答案：①Devoting himself to ②Devoted to
2 presentation n. 报告，(观点的)陈述，说明(P65)
归纳 拓展 present vt. 陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；呈现；赠送，颁发 adj. 出席的，在场的(后置定语)；现在的 (前置定语) n. 礼物；目前 present sth. to sb. 向某人提出/陈述某事；把某物赠送/颁发给某人 present sb. with sth. 向某人颁发/赠送某物；把某物呈现给某人 be present at 出席…… at present＝at the present time 目前，现在 for the present/moment 暂时，就目前来说
①The sales manager will give a presentation on the new products.
营销经理将对新产品进行介绍。
②On Teachers' Day, my students presented me with some flowers.
＝On Teachers' Day, my students presented some flowers to me.
教师节那一天，我的学生送给我一些花。
③How many people were_present_at the meeting yesterday?
昨天出席会议的有多少人？
④At_present,_more and more people are living a happy life.
现在，越来越多的人正过着幸福的生活。
⑤I've got enough money for_the_present,_but I must go to the bank tomorrow.
我的钱暂时还够用，但我明天必须去银行。
语境串记 The boss was not satisfied with the present plan, so he asked the engineers who were_present_at the meeting to present a new one in a day.
老板对当前的计划不满意，所以他要求出席会议的工程师们在一天之内提出一个新的计划。
单句语法填空
①David's manager presented him ________ the award for best sales in the region.
②I'm sorry he's out ________ present.
③The suggestions ________ (present) at the meeting will be discussed later.
④I have to give a ________ (present) in class this afternoon.
答案：①with ②at ③presented ④presentation
3 reserve n. (野生生物)保护区；储备 vt. 保留；储备；预约，预订(P65)
归纳 拓展 (1)reserve sth. for sb. 为某人预留某物 reserve a room/table/seat 预订房间/桌子/座位 reserve the right to do sth. 保留做某事的权利 (2)keep sth. in reserve 保存某物以备用 (3)reservation n. 预约，预订；保留 without reservation 毫无保留地 make a reservation 预约
①I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.
我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。
②We decided to reserve_the_right_to pursue legal action.
我们决定保留采取法律行动的权利。
③We always keep some money in_reserve,_just in case.
我们总是存些钱备用，以防万一。
④They have accepted my advice without_reservation.
他们毫无保留地接受了我的建议。
⑤I'd like to make_a_reservation for two nights for my family and myself.
我想给自己和我的家人预订房间住两夜。
语境串记 My village is close to a nature_reserve. Some of my friends will come to visit it. So I will come to the hotel to reserve some rooms for them.
我的村子离自然保护区很近。我的一些朋友会来参观它。所以我要去旅馆为他们预订一些房间。
(1)单句语法填空
①We had made our ________ (reserve) six months earlier, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.
②He spent some of his money and kept the rest ________ reserve.
答案：①reservation ②in
(2)单句写作
①这些座位是留给贵宾的。
These seats ________________ special guests.
②我保留自己做决定的权利。
I __________________ to make my own decisions.
③她毫无保留地告诉了我有关此事的一切。
She told me all about it ______________.
答案：①are reserved for ②reserve the right ③without reservation
4 damage v. 破损，损害，损伤 n. 损坏；损失(P65)
归纳 拓展 do/cause damage to 对……造成破坏
①The house whose roof was_damaged has now been repaired.
房顶损坏的那所房子现在已经修好了。
②The heavy rain did/caused_much_damage_to the crops.
这场大雨对农作物造成很大的损害。
名师点津 damage既可作动词又可作名词。作名词时，其常用结构为：do damage to。类似结构还有：do harm to “对……有害”；do good to “对……有好处”。
(1)单句语法填空
①A large number of buildings ________ (damage) in the flood in 1998.
②The fire caused much damage ________ the house.
答案：①were damaged ②to
(2)单句写作
①吸烟对你的健康有害。
Smoking ________________ your health.
②定期的户外运动对你的健康有好处。
Regular outdoor exercise ________________ your health.
答案：①does harm to ②does good to
5 affect v. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动(P65)
归纳 拓展 (1)be affected by 被……打动；被……(疾病)侵袭 be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉 be affected with high fever 发高烧 (2)affecting adj. 深深打动人的；感动人的 affected adj. 做作的；假装的 affection n. 喜爱，喜欢
①The south of the country was worst affected_by the drought.
该国南方受旱灾影响最严重。
②Be careful not to be_affected_with/by Ebola virus when abroad.
在国外时，当心不要感染埃博拉病毒。
③It is very affecting to see how much strangers can care for each other.
看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。
④She showed an affected interest in our subject.
她假装对我们的课题感兴趣。
⑤He has great affection for his dog.
他十分喜爱他的狗。
用affect的适当形式填空
①He likes fishing, ________ by his father.
②Year by year their ________ for each other grew stronger.
③The ________ story about their love really touched me.
④Your decision should not ________ by others.
答案：①affected ②affection ③affecting ④be affected
6 supply n. 煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)；供应(量)；补给 (pl.) 补给品 v. 供应；供给(P65)
归纳 拓展 provide/supply/offer 在表示“提供某人某物”时的区别： supply sb./sth. with sth.＝supply sth. to sb./sth. provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb. offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.
We supplied the hungry children with food.
＝We supplied food to the hungry children.
＝We provided the hungry children with food.
＝We provided food for the hungry children.
＝We offered the hungry children food.
＝We offered food to the hungry children.
我们为饥饿的孩子们提供了食物。
单句语法填空
①The ________ (supply) were sent to the disaster area immediately.
②In Britain, milk ________ (supply) to each house in bottles every day.
③People provided food and clothes ________ the sufferers.
④That company was willing to provide us ________ what we needed.
⑤He offered a job ________ me, but I didn't accept it.
答案：①supplies ②is supplied ③for ④with ⑤to
7 adopt v. 采取(某种方法)；采纳(意见，议案)；收养(P65)
归纳 拓展 (1)adopt an idea/a plan 采纳意见/计划 adopt an approach/attitude 采取一种方法/态度 adopt a child 收养一个孩子 (2)adopted adj. 收养的，领养的 adoption n. 采纳；采用；收养
①They've been forced to adopt stricter rules.
他们被迫采取了更为严厉的规定。
②Mr Kern adopted the orphan as his own son.
克恩先生将那个孤儿收养为自己的儿子。
③We will encourage a wider adoption of this method.
我们将鼓励更广泛地采用这种方法。
名师点津 adopt与adapt属形近词，在书写时注意区别。adapt意为“使……适应；改写，改编”。常见搭配：adapt to “适应”；adapt oneself to “使自己适应……”。
(1)单句语法填空
①She treated her ________ (adopt) son as if he were her own.
②If you cannot have children of your own, why not consider ________ (adopt)?
答案：①adopted ②adoption
(2)语段填空
The couple had no child of their own. So they ①________ the suggestion that they should ②________ an orphan. After a few months, the ③________ child ④____________ his new life.
这对夫妇没有孩子，所以他们采纳了收养孤儿的建议。几个月后，领养的孩子适应了他的新生活。
答案：①adopted ②adopt ③adopted ④adapted to
8 reduce v. 减少，降低(P66)
归纳 拓展 (1)reduce ... to ... 把……减少到…… reduce ... by ... 把……减少了…… reduce ... from ... to ... 把……从……减少到…… be reduced to ... 沦落为……；陷入某种状态 (2)reduction n. 减少，缩小，降低
①Though the price of the house has been reduced_by 10%, we can't afford it either.
尽管这套房子价格下降了10%，我们还是买不起。
②The mistakes in the article have been reduced_from seven to zero.
这篇文章中的错误已经从七处减少到零处。
③Without practice, hopes will be_reduced_to zero.
没有实践，希望会化为乌有。
(1)单句语法填空
①The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced ________ forty ________ nine.
②By dieting and exercising, I reduced my weight ________ 5 kilos.
③Cost ________ (reduce) is an important factor in improving the state of a business.
答案：①from; to ②by ③reduction
(2)单句写作
她沦落到要靠偷窃来养活饥饿的家人。
She ________________ to feed her hungry family.
答案：is reduced to stealing
9 permission n. 允许，许可(P67)
归纳 拓展 (1)ask/request/apply for permission 请求许可 without permission/with one's permission 未经允许/在某人许可的情况下 (2)permit v. 许可，允许，准许 n. 通行证；许可证 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
①Without_permission,_no one could enter the lab.
未经许可，任何人不得进入实验室。
②The teacher doesn't permit_talking in his class.
这位老师不允许在他的课堂上说话。
③The guards permitted_me_to_bring my camera and tape recorder.
守卫允许我带上相机和录音机。
单句语法填空
①If in doubt, contact the author or copyright owner and ask ________ (permit)．
②Permit me ________ (offer) you my sincere congratulations.
③We don't permit ________ (make) noise in the classroom.
④Passengers ________ (permit) to carry only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
答案：①permission ②to offer ③making ④are permitted
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There are over 100 ________ (员工) in our company.
答案：staff
2．Wind energy and solar energy are both ________ (可再生的) energy.
答案：renewable
3．Fishing and ________ (打猎) are his favourite sports.
答案：hunting
4．Millions of people are threatened with starvation as a result of ________ (干旱) and poor harvests.
答案：drought
5．The measures are intended to ________ (使恢复) public confidence in the economy.
答案：restore
6．The three teams decided to a________ different approaches to the problem.
答案：adopt
7．Environment protection and s________ development are the main trend at present.
答案：sustainable
8．This nature r________ provides shelter for wildlife.
答案：reserve
9．The tomatoes were grown in the g________.
答案：greenhouse
10．The bridge was washed away by a sudden f________.
答案：flood
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．His letter left me ________ (feel) sad all the time.
答案：feeling
2．He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast ________ (untouch)．
答案：untouched
3．The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ (follow) them.
答案：following
4．When Snow White came to herself, she found herself ________ (surround) by seven dwarfs.
答案：surrounded
5．With all the problems ________ (solve), they went home happily.
答案：solved
6．I saw him ________ (lie) in bed, looking at some of the pictures we had taken together.
答案：lying
7．I heard her ________ (sing) an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
答案：singing
8．I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs ________ (take)．
答案：taken
9．We found the house easily with the little boy ________ (lead) the way.
答案：leading
10．When I passed his room, I spotted him still ________ (sleep) soundly.
答案：sleeping
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．我感觉有人在叫我。
I felt someone ________________.
答案：calling me
2．外出时，你应关着门和窗子。
While you were out, you should keep the door and windows ________.
答案：closed
3．我看到小男孩在那儿哭。
I saw the little boy ________________.
答案：crying there
4．墙刷成白色的了，房间看上去大了。
With the wall ________________， the room seems larger.
答案：painted white
5．整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。
He had ____________ all through the meal.
答案：us laughing
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 阅读理解
JERUSALEM—Israel's Environmental Protection Ministry asked citizens Wednesday to avoid unnecessary physical activity and stay indoors, as a serious sandstorm struck the Middle East in a thick yellow haze (霾) for a second day with no hope to see things clearly.
The ministry said heavy levels of dust and sand in the air were a threat to cities throughout the country. The ministry's website advised pregnant women, the elderly and those with heart and respiratory (呼吸的) conditions to stay indoors, and asked schools to keep children indoors.
The emergency service Magen David Adom reported that it had treated more than 300 Israelis suffering from breathing problems, and that hospitals had more respiratory?related patients, including a large number of the elderly and those with asthma and related conditions.
The domestic Israeli airlines Arkia and Israir continued to ground their flights to Eilat because of reduced visibility.
The sandstorm has affected Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon and Syria, where at least five deaths have been reported.
“There has been nothing that came close to the magnitude of this sandstorm，” said Daniel Rosenfeld, a professor with the Institute of Earth Sciences at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
“While Israel has experienced a number of sandstorms in the past, they started from the Sinai Desert and the Sahara Desert to the south and were joined by winter windstorms that cleared the air，” he said. In this case, the storm comes from Syria and Iraq to the north and east.
Because the storm is hitting during the summer, at a time of both little wind and severe heat and humidity, forecasters expect the particles to remain in the air throughout the weekend and possibly into next week.
“This is really puzzling，” said Rosenfeld, adding that he and his colleagues will conduct research into the origins of the unprecedented (前所未有的) storm.
1．What's the probable meaning of the underlined word “ground” in Paragraph 4?
A．Add. B．Reduce.
C．Cancel. D．Fuel.
答案：C 词义猜测题。根据第四段可知，由于能见度降低而导致航班取消，故画线词ground意为“取消”。
2．It can be learned from the text that the sandstorm ________.
A．happened in winter
B．showed no sign of weakening
C．came from Syria and Iraq to the south
D．could clear the air
答案：B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，由于本次沙尘暴发生在夏季，风很小，天气炎热潮湿，因此预测沙尘暴持续到周末，甚至到下周。由此可以推断出，沙尘暴没有显示出缓解的迹象。
3．How did Rosenfeld feel about the origins of the storm?
A．Confused. B．Upset.
C．Confident. D．Happy.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘This is really puzzling，’ said Rosenfeld”可知Rosenfeld对此持困惑(confused)的态度。
4．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A novel. B．A news story.
C．A geography book. D．A travel guide.
答案：B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了以色列遭受强沙尘暴袭击的事件。故可知本文属于新闻报道。
Ⅱ 七选五
It's important to learn how we can protect the environment. Here are 5R rules for us.
Reduce. If you want to reduce waste, you should use things more wisely. __1__ If everyone uses paper carelessly, soon we would not have any trees left. Other things are also being wasted, and people don't know what to do with the waste in big cities. So it is necessary to reduce the amount of waste we produce.
Reuse. You should always think of reusing things before throwing them away. For example, __2__ In a family, you may pass on such clothes to younger brothers or sisters.
Recycle. Bottles, cans and paper can easily be recycled. By doing so we can save lots of time and money. For example, __3__ The metal can be used to make new coke cans.
Recover. __4__ You have two choices: one is to throw the apples away, the second is to throw the rotten ones and keep the good ones. In this way, you are recovering the eatable parts of food.
Repair. If one of the legs of your table is broken, you should repair it. If you want to buy something newer and better, it is better for you to sell the old table, or __5__
Learn the rules to protect our environment. Let's try our best to make the earth cleaner and more beautiful.
A．Trees are planted every year.
B．don't throw it away if you can use it.
C．give it to people who can use it after repairing it.
D．A large number of trees are being cut down to make paper.
E．When you buy a box of apples, there may be a few rotten ones.
F．coke cans are sent to a factory, where they are smashed flat and melted.
G．give the clothes you do not use or the ones which are too small to the poor.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了五条能够保护环境、节约资源的措施，号召我们行动起来保护环境。
1．D 根据下句“If everyone uses paper carelessly, soon we would not have any trees left.”可知，人们如果不合理利用纸张，很快就会没有树。故D项(大量的树木被砍伐用来造纸)紧承下句，符合语境。
2．G 根据本段标题“Reuse.”可知，本段的建议为重复利用。根据空格前句“You should always think of reusing things before throwing them away.”可知，在把东西扔掉之前，你应该考虑重复使用它们；空格后句“In a family, you may pass on such clothes to younger brothers or sisters.”说的是衣服的重复使用。故本空应说衣服的重复使用，故选G项。
3．F 根据本段标题“Recycle.”可知，本段的建议为循环利用。根据空格前两句“Bottles, cans and paper can easily be recycled. By doing so we can save lots of time and money.”可知，瓶子、易拉罐和纸张容易循环利用。通过循环利用可节约时间和金钱。故本空应与循环利用相关。F项(可乐罐被送到一家工厂，在那里被粉碎、熔化)提到可乐罐的重复利用，符合语境。
4．E 根据本段标题“Recover.”可知，本段的建议为复原。根据空格后句“You have two choices: one is to throw the apples away, the second is to throw the rotten ones and keep the good ones.”可知，此处说的是一箱苹果坏了一些后应该如何处理。E项中rotten ones与下句中的rotten ones相呼应，属于原词复现。
5．C 根据本段标题“Repair.”可知，本段的建议为修复。根据空格前两句“If one of the legs of your table is broken, you should repair it. If you want to buy something newer and better, it is better for you to sell the old table”可知，如果你桌子的一条腿坏了，你应该把它修好。如果你想买一些更新更好的东西，最好把旧桌子卖掉。故C项(可以把它送给别人，以便修理后继续使用)符合题意。
Ⅲ 语法填空
Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii. I hate to go to the beaches on __1__ (sun) weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts (烟头) __2__ (bury) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean.
One thing that really annoys me is that I see __3__ (tour) who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place __4__ it should stay—the trash can. Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish __5__ pretend that it's not there.
The dogs or the fish are not to blame __6__ it. It's our fault and we must blame __7__ (we). Everyone has to do his or her part __8__ (solve) this problem. It can't be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches. More __9__ (important), we need to start now before the beaches __10__ (damage) beyond repair.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了海滩污染的问题。
1．sunny 考查词性转换。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用sun的形容词sunny修饰其后的名词weekends。
2．buried 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，bury和其逻辑主语cigarette butts构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。
3．tourists 考查词形转换。结合定语从句的关系词who可知，此处的先行词为表示人的名词，且定语从句中的谓语动词为复数，故用名词复数形式。
4．where 考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the place，故填where。
5．but 考查连词。根据语境可知，设空处前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。
6．for 考查介词。be to blame for sth. “对某事负有责任”，故用介词for。
7．ourselves 考查代词。与句子主语we呼应，此处应用反身代词ourselves作动词blame的宾语。
8．to solve 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式，表示目的。
9．importantly 考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词，甚至整个句子，在句子中作状语。故此处用副词importantly修饰整个句子。
10．are damaged 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，damage和主语the beaches之间是被动关系，根据该句中的“need”可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
Ⅳ 读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Sara Savick remembers one special Easter when she was nine years old. Her parents gave her a baby duckling in a yellow basket.
“Mom said later that she bought the little duck because she felt sorry for it，” recalled Sara. The people at the pet store colored the feathers pink for Easter. Sara named the duck Pinky.
Sara's mother really didn't think the baby duck would survive very long. But to her surprise, Pinky grew and got stronger and stronger. Soon, the little duckling was a healthy, hungry duck with white feathers.
“We fed Pinky oatmeal, cooked and uncooked, and small pieces of vegetables，” said Sara. Pinky lived inside the house with Sara and her family. She specially fancied taking baths with Sara. Everyone treated Pinky as a family member.
But just when everything appeared to be perfect, the night of the “talk” came. Sara's Mom and Dad sat her down, explaining that the best thing for Pinky was to live a normal duck life, with other ducks. It was not natural for ducks to live indoors with a family, her father told her. He added Pinky needed to swim in ponds and do all the same things that ducks in the wild do.
Sara started to cry, knowing what was going to happen. Sara's parents decided to take Pinky to a park, which was two_miles away. There was a pond with a lot of other ducks. Pinky would have the chance to live a natural life and Sara could still visit her.
The big day came. Sara and her parents put Pinky in a box and drove to the park. Sara said that Pinky did not look happy;_maybe Pinky was convinced that she was a human,_not a duck.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond, even Sara's father.
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
Paragraph 2：
The next morning, when looking out of the kitchen window, Sara couldn't believe her eyes！
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sara收到了一个复活节的礼物——黄色的小鸭子。为了让小鸭子和其他正常的鸭子一样生活，Sara一家放生了小鸭子。接下来会发生什么呢？Sara还会再见到小鸭子吗？
[精彩范文]
Paragraph 1：
Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond, even Sara's father. But he tried to convince Sara that Pinky was fine. Walking towards the car, Sara looked over her shoulder and saw Pinky standing alone. The other ducks were swimming around in circles, looking at Pinky. To Sara, it seemed that they were trying to identify the strange animal. They didn't recognize Pinky as a duck. Worried about Pinky, Sara dreamed of Pinky being bullied by other ducks the whole night.
Paragraph 2：
The next morning, when looking out of the kitchen window, Sara couldn't believe her eyes! There was Pinky, happily walking around on the grass. Thrilled at what she saw, she kept asking herself, “How did she make it？” After all, it was two_miles away and she managed to walk back through the city street. Incredible! But her parents drove Pinky back to the pond again regardless of her request. The following morning, there was Pinky again on the grass! Seeing Pinky again, her father,_waving his arms about wildly, moved his lips without saying anything. Meanwhile, Sara, overjoyed, hugged Pinky tightly, tears streaming down her cheeks.
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课前自主预习
精讲课时语法
课后课时作业
Period Ⅲ Developing ideas
课前自学导引
What's really green?
什么是真正的环保？
我们大多数人都知道我们必须保护环境，并且我们大多数人都采取措施来节约能源，减少浪费和污染。但最近，一些“绿色真理”被证明只有一半是真的，甚至完全是假的。这里有一些常见的例子。哪些是真正环保的？
？纸质购物袋比塑料袋好。
塑料袋会造成垃圾，对野生动物是一种危险，野生动物会误把塑料袋当作食物。塑料需要几百年才能分解，而纸张需要的时间则要少得多。正因为如此，人们认为纸袋是更好的环保选择。
然而，制作纸袋所消耗的能源是制作塑料袋的四倍，水的消耗量是塑料袋的三倍。这个过程还会产生更多的温室气体。
事实上，这两种袋子都不利于环境。所以，当你去购物的时候，带上一个可重复使用的袋子。
？当你关掉一个设备，它就会停止耗电。
当我们关掉电视等设备时，它就会进入待机模式。处于这种模式的设备仍然耗电，而处于待机模式的旧设备可能耗更多的电。这是因为即使在设备关闭时，电力仍会继续从设备中泄漏。要确保您的设备真正关闭，请从电源上拔下插头。
？吃当地的食物对环境有好处。
这似乎是常识：吃当地的食物应该对环境更有利，因为它不需要长途运输，并在运输过程中保持低温。不幸的是，事情并没有那么简单。消耗大部分能源和产生大部分温室气体的是粮食生产，而不是运输。在某些情况下，即使考虑到运输，当地农产品所消耗的能源和产生的温室气体也可能比在很远地方种植的农产品要多。
？淋浴比泡澡好。
这取决于你淋浴的时间和你的浴缸有多大。如果你淋浴时间超过8分钟，你将用掉和在浴缸洗澡时一样多的水——大约50升水。因此，关键是尽量缩短淋浴时间。
环境意识现在是日常生活的一部分。但值得审查一下常见的想法和观点，看看什么是真正环保的。
课堂合作探究
1 amount n. 数量，数额 vi. 合计；总计(P68)
归纳 拓展 (1)a large amount of＋不可数名词，谓语动词用单数 large amounts of＋不可数名词，谓语动词用复数 no amount of 即使再大(或再多)的……(也不) any amount of 无数的，大量的 (2)amount to 合计；等于
①A_large_amount_of money was spent on the new building.
＝Large_amounts_of money were spent on the new building.
建这座新大楼花了很多钱。
②The total cost of repairs amounted_to $100.
修理费用总计达100美元。
(1)单句语法填空
①A large amount of water ________ (waste) every day.
②Large amounts of water ________ (waste) every day.
③Their annual income amounted ________ 90,000 yuan last year.
答案：①is wasted ②are wasted ③to
(2)单句写作
再多的金钱也比不上那样的记忆。
____________________ can equal memories like that.
答案：No amount of money
2 remove v. 移走，搬走，去掉；脱去；摘下；开除，解除(职务)(P69)
归纳 拓展 remove ... from ... 把……从……移开 remove from ... to ... 从……搬迁到…… remove sb. from school/office/one's position 开除/免职 remove one's clothes 脱下某人的衣服 remove one's doubt 消除某人的疑惑
①The student removed his jacket and began to remove the ink in it.
那个学生脱掉夹克，开始除去上面的墨水。
②The company has_removed_from London to Oxford.
这家公司已经从伦敦搬迁到牛津。
③Teenagers shouldn't be_removed_from_school although they don't do well in studies.
即使青少年们在学业上做得不好，也不应该被学校开除。
易混辨析 remove, move
相同 之处 两词都有“移动，搬动”之意，表示“迁居，搬家”时二者均可
区别 remove强调完全放弃原来物体所处的位置而到达新的地点，remove还可以表示“开除、消除、除去”等意思； move强调“移动、搬动”，指事物位置和姿态的改变
形象 记忆
(1)单句语法填空
①She removed my name ________ the name list.
②He ________ (remove) from the company yesterday.
答案：①from ②was removed
(2)选词填空(remove/move)
First, she ________ the dishes from the table. Then she asked her husband to ________ the table.
答案：removed; move
3 urge v. 竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 n. 强烈的欲望；冲动；迫切的要求(P71)
归纳 拓展 (1)urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事，敦促某人做某事 urge that ... 敦促/力劝……(从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略) (2)have all urge to do sth. 有做某事的欲望/冲动 (3)urgency n． [U] 紧急，紧迫 urgent adj. 紧急的；急切的
①He urged his parents to_approve_of his marriage.
他强烈要求父母同意他的婚事。
②I urge_that you (should)_be_accustomed_to acquiring knowledge from the Internet as soon as possible.
我劝你尽快习惯从互联网上获取知识。
③They have_a_strong_urge_to_learn to read and write.
他们迫切地要求学习读写。
单句语法填空
①More and more people urge the government ________ (do) more for the disabled.
②Many concerned Chinese have repeatedly urged that immediate actions ________ (take) to improve the traffic situation.
③They forecasted an ________ (urgency) storm warning.
答案：①to do ②(should) be taken ③urgent
4 concerned adj. 焦急的，担忧的；关注的，关切的(P71)
归纳 拓展 (1)be concerned about/for 担心……，关心…… be concerned with sth. 与某事有牵连 as far as I'm concerned 就我而言，依我看 (2)concern n． [U] 担心；关切 [C] 关心的人(或)事 vt. 涉及，参与；(使)担忧 show/express one's concern for/about ... 对……表示关心/担心 (3)concerning prep. 关于；有关
①I'm_concerned_about the future of wildlife in Africa.
我很担心非洲野生动物的未来。
②I am not concerned_with that matter any longer.
我和那件事情不再有牵连了。
③As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_he is the right man for this job.
我认为他是做这份工作的合适人选。
④He asked several questions concerning the future of the company.
他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。
名师点津 concerned用作前置定语时，表示“焦急的”“担忧的”；用作后置定语时，表示“有关的”“有牵连的”。
(1)单句语法填空
①His mother is always concerned ________ his future and his happiness.
②You should pay attention to questions which are concerned ________ personal problems.
答案：①about/for ②with
(2)单句写作
依我看，健康和财富对我们生活都很重要。
____________________， both health and wealth are important to our life.
答案：As far as I am concerned
5 contribute v. 促成，造成(某事发生)；捐赠，捐献；(为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目)撰稿(P72)
归纳 拓展 (1)contribute ... to ... 把……捐献给…… contribute to 为……做出贡献；有助于，增进；导致；给……投稿 (2)contribution n. 捐献；贡献；投稿 make contributions to 对……做出贡献
①More and more people are willing to contribute food and clothes to the homeless people.
越来越多的人愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。
②His visit contributed_to a better understanding between the two countries.
他的访问有助于增进两国之间的了解。
③Yuan Longping made_great_contributions_to the development of agriculture.
袁隆平为农业的发展做出了巨大的贡献。
(1)单句语法填空
①His bad eating habits might have contributed ________ his heart disease.
②He made a very positive ________ (contribute) to the success of the project.
答案：①to ②contribution
(2)单句写作
老一辈革命家为国家的独立做出了巨大的贡献。
The revolutionists of the older generation ____________________ the country's struggle for the independence.
答案：made great contributions to
6 average adj. 平均(数)的 n. 平均水平，一般水准(P72)
归纳 拓展 on (the/an) average 平均，一般来说 below average 在平均水平之下，低于平均水平 above (the) average 在平均水平以上，高于平均水平
①On_(the/an)_average,_there are 3,000 visitors to the museum every day.
平均每天有3,000名游客参观博物馆。
②Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃ above_the_average.
去年是有史以来最暖和的一年，全球温度比平均水平高出0.68摄氏度。
③Temperatures are below_average for the time of year.
对一年中的这个时候来说，气温低于平均温度。
单句写作
①一般来说，不吸烟的人比吸烟的人更健康。
______________， people who don't smoke are healthier than people who do.
②今年的降雪量低于平均水平。
The amount of snow this year is __________________.
③汤姆的功课在一般水平之上。
Tom's work at school is __________________.
答案：①On (the/an) average ②below average ③above (the) average
take ... into account 把……考虑进去(P69)
归纳 拓展 (1)take ... into account＝take account of 考虑到……，把……考虑在内 (2)account n. 叙述；描写；报道；账单；账户 v. 说明；解释；占(一定数量或比例)；认为是 give an account of 对……进行描述 on account of 因为，由于 on no account 决不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装) account for 解释，说明；(数量/比例上)占……
①When judging his performance, we should take his age into_account.
评价他的表演时，我们应该把他的年龄考虑在内。
②The policeman gave_an_account_of the traffic accident.
警察叙述了交通事故的经过。
③Innocent people get into trouble on_account_of others' misfortune.
城门失火，殃及池鱼。
④On_no_account should we give up the plan.
我们决不放弃这个计划。
⑤The women teachers account_for 30% of all the staff in our school.
女教师占我们全校职工的30%。
单句语法填空
①Can you account ________ how the money got into your bag?
②He has a bad name ________ account of his dishonesty.
③We should take the interests of the whole ________ account.
④________ no account must you accept any money if he offers you.
答案：①for ②on ③into ④On
1 However, making a paper bag uses four_times_as_much_energy_as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. 然而，制作纸袋所消耗的能源是塑料袋的四倍，水的消耗量是塑料袋的三倍。(P68)
剖析 本句中four times as much energy as是倍数表达的常用形式，其结构为： ... 倍数＋as many/much＋n.＋as ...
归纳 拓展 常见的倍数句型： (1) ... 倍数＋as＋adj./adv. 原级＋as ... (2) ... 倍数＋adj./adv. 比较级＋than ... (3) ... 倍数＋性质名词(the size/length/height/depth/width)＋of ...
This room is three_times_as_big_as that one.
＝This room is three_times_bigger_than that one.
＝This room is three_times_the_size_of that one.
这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。
名师点津 表示“两倍”时，用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上则用“基数词＋times”来表达。句式中表示倍数也可用分数、百分数、half等其他程度状语。
一句多译
为迎接2022年北京冬季奥运会而修建的体育场将是现在的三倍大。
①The new stadium built for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics will be ____________________ the present one.
②The new stadium built for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics will be ____________________ the present one.
③The new stadium built for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics will be ____________________ the present one.
答案：①three times as big as ②three times bigger than
③three times the size of
2 But it's_worth_checking common ideas and opinions to see what's really green. 但值得审查一下常见的想法和观点，看看什么是真正环保的。(P69)
剖析 本句中is worth checking为“be worth doing”结构，意为“值得做”，其中动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。worth为表语形容词，常用well修饰。
归纳 拓展 (1)be worth＋ (2)be worthy＋值得做 (3)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth. 值得做……
①A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。
②The matter is_worth_consideration/considering.
＝The matter is_worthy_of_consideration/being_considered.
＝The matter is_worthy_to_be_considered.
＝It_is_worthwhile_considering/to_consider the matter.
这件事情值得考虑。
语境串记 Li Bai was a great poet in the history. His poems are_worth_reading. Even many foreigners come to study his poems. They think the famous poems are_worthy_of_being_studied_and_appreciated. In their eyes, it is_worthwhile_to_put much energy into it.
李白是历史上一位伟大的诗人。他的诗值得一读。甚至有许多外国人来研究他的诗歌。他们认为这些名诗值得研究和欣赏。在他们眼里，这值得投入大量精力。
一句多译
这个地方值得一游。
①This place is worth ____________.
②This place is worth ________.
③This place is worthy of ____________.
④This place is worthy of ________________.
⑤This place is worthy ______________.
⑥It is worthwhile ________________ this place.
⑦It is worthwhile ________ this place.
答案：①a visit ②visiting ③a visit ④being visited ⑤to be visited ⑥to visit ⑦visiting
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Switch the camera into the automatic ________ (模式)．
答案：mode
2．How to use ________ (电) safely has become general knowledge in our village.
答案：electricity
3．How much does the advertising ________ (活动) cost?
答案：campaign
4．The ________ (担忧的) mother stood at the gate, waiting for her son to come back home.
答案：concerned
5．It's more convenient to eat in the ________ (食堂)．
答案：canteen
6．His words gave us the f________ impression that he would lend us money, but he would not.
答案：false
7．There is a need for us to buy a water?saving d________.
答案：device
8．You should take a s________ phone with you in case your present one is out of power.
答案：stand?by
9．The capacity of this bottle is one l________.
答案：litre
10．He spent a large a________ of time in New York.
答案：amount
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The number of the animals in this area has reduced from 10,000 to 7,000. That is to say, it has reduced ________ 3,000.
答案：by
2．Three children ________ (remove) from the school for their bad behaviour yesterday.
答案：were removed
3．I'm sure your suggestion will contribute ________ solving the problem.
答案：to
4．The teacher urged him ________ (hand) in his homework at once.
答案：to hand
5．Large amounts of water ________ (be) needed in this area.
答案：are
6．________ average, there are more boys than girls in every class.
答案：On
Ⅲ.选词填空
be bad for; be good for; break down; depend on; mistake ... for ...; turn off; take ... into account; up to
1．Eating too much sugar ________ your teeth.
答案：is bad for
2．He ________ me ________ my sister yesterday. We look so similar.
答案：mistook; for
3．Don't forget to ________ the lights when you leave the room.
答案：turn off
4．The success or failure of the matter ________ your own effort.
答案：depends on
5．You should ________ all aspects ________ before you make a decision.
答案：take; into account
6．________ two million people there are dependent on food aid.
答案：Up to
7．Scientists tell us that laughter ________ our health.
答案：is good for
8．Plastic bags are difficult to ________.
答案：break down
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．我们班女生的数量是男生的3倍。
There are ____________________ boys in our class.
答案：three times as many girls as
2．那部新电影真的很值得看。
The new movie __________________.
答案：is well worth seeing
3．大多数英国女性结婚后随夫姓。
__________________ British women adopt their husband's surname when they marry.
答案：The majority of
4．完成这篇文章花了我三个小时。
It __________________ this essay.
答案：took me three hours to finish
5．是汤姆教你英语吗？
__________________ teaches you English?
答案：Is it Tom who/that
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 完形填空
I went to complete some incomplete business this afternoon. I __1__ the car and was walking towards my destination, when from a distance I saw a(n) __2__ man walking towards me in the opposite direction.
As we came close, I saw that he was walking __3__ in measured steps and there was a look of pain on his face. He was not feeling __4__， which I could clearly see. I moved on, wanting to go __5__ and complete my __6__ work.
I soon __7__ my destination, completed my work and was __8__ where the car was parked, when __9__ from a distance I saw the same man sitting on the road. I went up to him.
I bent down and saw that he was tired and __10__. I was concerned and asked him where he stayed __11__ my intention was to __12__ him home in my car. He gave me the name of the place where he stayed, __13__， the name didn't seem familiar and I didn't want to spend too much time __14__ the place, considering the condition of my elderly friend. I __15__ on the opposite side of the road were a few auto rickshaws (自动人力车).
I knew the auto rickshaw drivers were the best __16__ to unknown places. I called one of the auto rickshaws over and told the __17__ to take my friend to his place. After a brief conversation with the man, the driver had a fairly good idea of the direction he had to take to reach the __18__. I asked him about the __19__ and gave him the money.
My friend __20__ his hand and said softly, “Thank you！” I waved back to the stranger who briefly came, touched my life, and moved away, never to be seen again.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在完成工作返回的路上设法送一位老人回家的故事。
1．A.got into B．started
C．pulled out D．parked
答案：D 根据空格后“was walking towards my destination”及下文中“__8__ where the car was parked”可知，作者朝着目的地走去，因此之前要先把车停好(parked)。
2．A.tall B．elderly
C．strong D．attractive
答案：B 根据下文中“considering the condition of my elderly friend”可知，作者看到一位老(elderly)人朝他的方向走来。
3．A.quietly B．calmly
C．slowly D．hurriedly
答案：C 根据空格后“in measured steps”可知，他走得很缓慢(slowly)。
4．A.comfortable B．satisfied
C．warm D．bad
答案：A 根据空格前“there was a look of pain on his face”可知，作者可以看出来他感觉不舒服(comfortable)。
5．A.peacefully B．cheerfully
C．carefully D．quickly
答案：D 根据上文中“complete some incomplete business”和空格前“I moved on”可知，作者想走快点(quickly)去完成未完成的工作。
6．A.difficult B．unfinished
C．important D．regular
答案：B 由第一段中的“incomplete business”可知，此处指未完成的(unfinished)工作。
7．A.reached B．left
C．changed D．got
答案：A 作者很快到达了(reached)目的地。
8．A.finding out B．looking for
C．returning to D．getting through
答案：C 根据空格后“where the car was parked”可知，作者返回(returning to)停车的地方。
9．A.still B．already
C．only D．again
答案：D 根据上文中“when from a distance I saw a(n) __2__ man walking towards me in the opposite direction”可知，作者之前见过了这个老人，因此再次(again)从远处看到这位老人。
10．A.exhausted B．impatient
C．surprised D．nervous
答案：A 根据空格前“he was tired”可知，作者看到老人已经筋疲力尽(exhausted)。
11．A.once B．as
C．when D．if
答案：B 由上下文的描述可知，此处表示原因，故用as “由于”。
12．A.see B．call
C．drive D．assist
答案：C 根据空格后“in my car”可知，作者想开车(drive)送他回家。
13．A.however B．instead
C．besides D．therefore
答案：A 根据空格前“He gave me the name of the place where he stayed”及空格后“the name didn't seem familiar”可知，前后句为转折关系，故应用however “然而”。
14．A.missing out B．searching for
C．coming across D．wandering around
答案：B 根据空格前“the name didn't seem familiar”可知，作者不熟悉老人住的地方，因此不想花太多时间去寻找(searching for)老人住的地方。
15．A.concluded B．suggested
C．considered D．noticed
答案：D 作者注意到(noticed)路对面有很多自动人力车。
16．A.teachers B．performers
C．guides D．friends
答案：C 由文中的描述以及常识可知，作者知道人力车司机是去往不知名地方最好的向导(guides)。
17．A.driver B．worker
C．host D．boss
答案：A 作者告诉自动人力车司机(driver)把老人送回家。
18．A.point B．road
C．street D．destination
答案：D 由文中的描述可知，人力车司机知道如何到达目的地(destination)，也就是老人的家。
19．A.route B．situation
C．fare D．way
答案：C 根据空格后“gave him the money”可知，作者问了路费(fare)并给了他钱。
20．A.shook B．waved
C．raised D．clapped
答案：B 根据下文中“I waved back”可知，此处指这位老人向作者挥手(waved)告别。
Ⅱ 七选五
Should We Create More National
Parks to Save Endangered Animals?
Don't you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of becoming extinct? __1__ And I think the best way to do this is for governments to create more national parks.
__2__ If this environment is destroyed—for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money—many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.
In addition, national parks protect animals from the danger of being hunted. A major reason why many species are endangered is that the animals are killed by hunters. They hunt animals to make money. __3__
On the other hand, some people fight against the creation of national parks because they consider it wrong to interfere (干涉) with nature. They believe that wild animals are happier living in their natural environment. __4__ They also point out that a few species are more likely to produce young animals in the wild than in national parks.
All in all, though, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks. __5__ As a matter of fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies, that is, human beings.
A．To begin with, animals are important to humans.
B．Some hunters even hunt animals simply for sport.
C．I personally believe that we must save these animals.
D．These parks allow animals to live in a safe environment.
E．Firstly, national parks protect the animals' natural environment.
F．They say though the animals may face danger, they enjoy a free life.
G．There is a heated discussion about whether to create more national parks.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。作者就是否应该创建更多的国家公园来保护濒危动物的问题进行了论述。
1．C 根据空格前句“Don't you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of becoming extinct？”可知，越来越多的动物濒临灭绝；根据空格后句“And I think the best way to do this is for governments to create more national parks.”可知，作者认为最好的办法是政府建更多的国家公园。故C项(就自己而言，我认为我们必须拯救这些动物。)承接上下句，符合文意。
2．E 根据空格后句“If this environment is destroyed—for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money—many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.”可知，要保护动物首先要保护动物生活的自然环境，故选E项。
3．B 本段讲述国家公园可以避免动物被猎杀，接下来讲的是动物被猎杀的原因。空格前句“They hunt animals to make money.”是其中一个原因，B项(有些猎人甚至纯粹为了运动而猎杀动物。)是另一个原因，故选B项。
4．F 根据空格前句“They believe that wild animals are happier living in their natural environment.”可知，有些人认为野生动物更喜欢生活在大自然中，F项(尽管这些动物可能会面临危险，但是它们喜欢一种自由的生活。)符合文意。
5．D 根据空格后句“As a matter of fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies, that is, human beings.”可知，国家公园可以保护动物免受人类的捕杀，是它们安全的庇护所，故D项(这些公园使动物生活在一个安全的环境中。)符合文意。
Ⅲ 语法填空
The cheetah (猎豹), an expert hunter, sits __1__ (silent) atop a hill and scans the herds of feeding animals looking for the perfect prey (猎物). Finding a target, it moves quietly through the grass until it is close enough __2__ (know) it can get its reward.
The cheetah is perfectly built for the kill. Its coloring helps it to disappear into the landscape to avoid __3__ (see). And its speed over a short distance, the fastest in the animal world, __4__ (allow) it to chase (追逐) its target. Once the prey is killed, the cheetah pulls the carcass (尸体) to a safe place, even __5__ (pull) it up into a tree to stop other predators (食肉动物) from stealing __6__.
However, the cheetah is also a highly __7__ (endanger) animal. Once found throughout Asia and Africa, cheetahs today are racing toward __8__ (extinct). Loss of habitat and declining numbers of their prey threaten the future of these cats. To change the fall in cheetah numbers, animal lovers are working to protect them. __9__ addition, conservation groups are encouraging local farmers to protect cheetahs __10__ come on their land. It will be a sad day if this beautiful animal disappears from our planet.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上短距离奔跑速度最快的动物——猎豹。
1．silently 考查词性转换。句意：猎豹，一个专业的猎手，静静地坐在山顶上，扫视着一群觅食的动物，寻找完美的猎物。本空修饰动词sits，故应用副词silently“静静地”。
2．to know 考查非谓语动词。句意：一找到目标，它会静静地在草丛中移动，直到它离目标足够近，知道自己能得到回报(猎物)。“be＋adj./adv.＋enough to do sth.\”意为“足够做某事”，故本空应用不定式作结果状语。
3．being seen 考查非谓语动词。句意：它的颜色有助于它和周围环境融为一体，以避免被看到。avoid后应跟动名词作宾语，根据句意可知本空应用动名词的被动式。
4．allows 考查动词的时态及主谓一致。句意：它在短距离内的速度是动物世界中最快的，这使得它可以追逐自己的目标。根据前后文可知，本句应用一般现在时；本句主语为“its speed over a short distance”，故本空动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
5．pulling 考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦猎物被杀死，猎豹就会把尸体拖到安全的地方，甚至会把尸体拖到树上，以防止其他捕食者偷走它。本句主语the cheetah和动词pull之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词作状语。
6．it 考查代词。根据句意可知，本空应用代词it代指前面提到的the carcass。
7．endangered 考查词性转换。句意：然而，猎豹也是一种非常濒危的动物。本空修饰名词animal，故应用形容词endangered “濒临灭绝的”。
8．extinction 考查词性转换。句意：猎豹曾经遍布亚洲和非洲，如今正濒临灭绝。本空在句中作介词的宾语，故应用名词extinction “灭绝”。
9．In 考查介词。句意：保护组织鼓励当地农民保护进入他们土地的猎豹。in addition意为“另外，此外”，故本空应填介词In。
10．that/which 考查定语从句的引导词。本空引导定语从句，修饰cheetahs，在从句中作主语，故应用that或which引导。
Ⅳ 概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of rubbish because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.
How did we become a throw?away society? First of all, it is now easier to replace an object than to spend time and money repairing it. Thanks to modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and cheap.
Another cause is our love of disposable (一次性的) products. As busy people, we are always looking for ways to save time and make our lives easier. Companies produce thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.
Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem. We are addicted to buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones.
All around the world, we can see the consequences of this throw?away lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To decrease the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. However, this is not enough to solve our problem.
Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions instead of throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes towards repairing. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是形成堆积如山的垃圾的原因及其对策。
[精彩范文]
With more things thrown away, there is an increasing amount of rubbish worldwide. (要点1) Some factors may account for this phenomenon. (要点2) Firstly, compared to repairing, substituting an item is easier due to abundant and cheap goods available. (要点3) Secondly, our performance for disposable and new products also worsens the problem. (要点4) The solution lies in recycling materials, fixing broken objects. But more importantly, we should change our consuming habits. (要点5)
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课前自学导引
课堂合作探究
课后课时作业
Period Ⅳ Writing |应用文写作——写一封劝说信
劝说信是以向某个组织或个人提出劝说性的建议为目的的一种应用文体。写作时要提出建议，并给出充分的理由劝说对方接受你的建议。
劝说信基本结构：
第一部分：引入——写信人首先需要简要说明写信的主要目的。如果需要的话，也可以大致做一下自我介绍。
第二部分：阐述——这是劝说信的主体和核心部分。写信人需要在这个部分有条理地列出自己的理由，理由要客观、真实、有说服力，要重点突出、层次分明。同时，要注意适当提高语言的力度，发挥语言的功力，以便更好地展现自己的立场。
第三部分：总结——可以用生动的语言重申自己的核心观点，或以情动人、引起共鸣，或升华延伸、画龙点睛。这部分应该注意语言的简练和冲击力，切忌冗杂拖拉的表达。
1．开头常用句式
①Now it is commonly held that ... But I doubt whether ...
现在大家都普遍认为……，但我怀疑……
②These days we are often told that ... But is this really the case ...
最近我们经常听说……，但事实上果真如此吗？
③Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ..., but I conceive it differently.
面对……时，有相当一部分人认为……但我对此有不同的看法。
④Currently there is a widespread concern that ...
目前，……引起了人们的普遍关注。
⑤Now people in growing numbers are coming to realise that ...
现在越来越多的人开始意识到……
2．主体段落常用句式
①The reason for ... is that ...
……的原因是……
②The reasons for ... are as follows. First, ... Second, ... Last but not least, ...
……的原因如下。首先……其次……最后同样重要的是……
③On the one hand, ... ; on the other hand, ...
一方面……另一方面……
④We may take a common example to show ...
我们可以举一个常见的例子来说明……
⑤A recent study suggests/shows that ...
最近一项研究表明……
⑥According to the statistics provided by ..., it can be seen that ...
根据……提供的数据，我们可以看到……
⑦There is good evidence to show that ...
有充分的证据表明……
⑧No one can ignore the fact that ...
没有人能忽视这一事实……
3．结尾常用句式
①In short, ...
简而言之……
②In conclusion, ...
总之……
③As far as I'm concerned, ...
就我个人而言……
④From what has been discussed above/Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely come to/reach the conclusion that ...
从上述讨论来看/考虑到所有这些因素，我们完全可以得出结论……
假设你是David，你北京的朋友李华最近写信告诉你他想放弃申请2020年北京冬奥会志愿者的想法。请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信，劝他不要放弃，继续参加这项活动。
1．李华英语好，善于交际，熟悉北京的情况，适合做志愿者；
2．做志愿者是展示国家形象、锻炼自己的一次难得机会；
3．要抓住机会，争取做一名优秀的奥运志愿者。
注意：1.80词左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：2020年北京冬奥会the 2020 Beijing Winter Olympic Games
Dear Li Hua，
I am surprised to learn
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
Yours，
David
[精彩范文]
Dear Li Hua，
I am surprised to learn you want to give up applying to work as a volunteer for the 2020 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. After all, you have many advantages.
First of all, you are a native of Beijing and thus know it very well. In addition, your English is very good and you can talk with international friends freely in English. Also, you are easy to get along with, which is especially useful to a volunteer. Most importantly, it is a good opportunity to improve yourself and help display a good image of your country.
Therefore, I sincerely hope you can seize the chance and make every effort to become a good volunteer.
Yours，
David
总评 本文使用了正确的书信体格式，范文内容涵盖所有要点，结构严谨，观点明确，给出的理由充分合理，具有说服力。
[亮点呈现]
(1)使用first of all, in addition, also, most importantly等衔接词分条阐述理由，逻辑性强；尾段使用therefore进行总结概括。
(2)范文中多处使用高级句式，如定语从句which is especially useful to a volunteer及it作形式主语it is a good opportunity to improve yourself and help display a good image of your country等，使句式更加灵活多变，不落俗套。
假如你是李华，学校领导和教师因为担心同学们不能合理利用网络，关闭了教室内电脑的网络浏览功能，你们感到很难过。请你给校长写一封信，劝说校长同意开通教室内的网络。
事由：教室内的电脑不能上网，建议学校开通网络。
原因：1.有利于查找资料；
2．浏览新闻，了解信息；
3．作为高中生，我们正在形成自己的判断力。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Headmaster，
I'm writing to persuade you to let us surf the Internet in the classroom.
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
I do hope you can take my suggestion into account and make a final decision.
Yours，
Li Hua
[精彩范文]
课外拓展阅读——中国优秀传统文化专题练
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Yangtze River, __1__ (know) in China as the Changjiang River, is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country. Flowing __2__ the Qinghai?Tibet Plateau to the East China Sea, the Yangtze River is historically, culturally and economically important to China. Driven by the __3__ (curious) in my heart, I came to China and took part in a cruise (乘船游览) along part of the river last year.
Life on board was relaxing with plenty to occupy the time and mind. We passed Wuhan, __4__ in 1966 Chairman Mao, then in his 70s, famously swam across the Yangtze River. Glorious __5__ (temple) rise over industrial ports. We also visited the Three Gorges Dam, __6__ symbol of Chinese pride and power. As well as enormous hydroelectric (水力发电的) output, __7__ (it) increasing shipping ability benefits Chinese people quite a lot.
s a foreigner, I __8__ (absorb) and charmed by the genuine welcome and unique culture during the trip. __9__ (rare), if ever, have I enjoyed such a culturally rich and historically interesting trip. Now I am looking forward to __10__ (visit) China again!
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
答案：1.known 2.from 3.curiosity 4.where 5.temples 6.a 7.its 8.was absorbed 9.Rarely 10.visiting
The Changjiang River rises in the Qinghai?Tibet Plateau and flows through many provinces and cities. Along the both sides of the river is beautiful scenery with many scenic spots and historical sites.
长江发源于青藏高原，流经多个省市。长江两岸风景优美，有众多的名胜古迹。
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Unit 6 Earth first
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．scare v. 使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→scared adj. 惊恐的，害怕的→scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的，引起恐慌的
scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. away/off 把某人吓跑
be scared of (doing) sth. 害怕……；对……感到惊恐
be scared to_do sth. 害怕做某事
be_scared_to_death 吓死；吓得要死
2．target v. 把……作为目标；把……对准(某群体)
n. 靶，靶子；目标，指标；(攻击的)目标，对象
target_sb./sth. 把……作为目标
be targeted at 针对……，以……为目标
hit/miss the target 中/脱靶
a target for all 众矢之的
meet/achieve a target 完成/达到目标
3．fortunately adv. 幸运地→fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉利的→fortune n. 运气，命运；财富，财产→unfortunate adj. 不幸的→unfortunately adv. 不幸地
be fortunate to_do/(in)_doing ... 做……很幸运
It is fortunate (for sb.) to_do/that ... (对某人来说)做……是幸运的。
make_a_fortune 发财，赚钱
4．attitude n. (尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度
attitude to/towards 对……的态度
5．devote v. 致力，献身，倾注→devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠实的，忠诚的→devotion n. 奉献；关照；忠诚
devote ... to ... 把……致力于……，专心于……
devote oneself to 献身于；致力于
be_devoted_to 致力于；献身于；热爱……
6．presentation n. 报告，(观点的)陈述，说明→present vt. 陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；呈现；赠送，颁发 adj. 出席的，在场的(后置定语)；现在的 (前置定语) n. 礼物；目前
present sth. to sb. 向某人提出/陈述某事；把某物赠送/颁发给某人
present sb. with sth. 向某人颁发/赠送某物；把某物呈现给某人
be_present_at 出席……
at_present＝at the present time 目前，现在
for_the_present/moment 暂时，就目前来说
7．reserve n. (野生生物)保护区；储备 vt. 保留；储备；预约，预订→reservation n. 预约，预订；保留
reserve sth. for sb. 为某人预留某物
reserve_a_room/table/seat 预订房间/桌子/座位
reserve_the_right_to_do_sth. 保留做某事的权利
keep sth. in reserve 保存某物以备用
without_reservation 毫无保留地
make_a_reservation 预约
8．damage v. 破损，损害，损伤 n. 损坏；损失
do/cause damage to 对……造成破坏
9．affect v. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→affecting adj. 深深打动人的；感动人的→affected adj. 做作的；假装的→affection n. 喜爱，喜欢
be_affected_by 被……打动；被……(疾病)侵袭
be_affected_by_heat/cold 中暑/着凉
be_affected_with_high_fever 发高烧
10．supply n. 煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)；供应(量)；补给 (pl.) 补给品 v. 供应；供给
provide/supply/offer 在表示“提供某人某物”时的区别：
supply sb./sth. with sth.＝supply sth. to sb./sth.
provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb.
offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.
11．adopt v. 采取(某种方法)；采纳(意见，议案)；收养→adopted adj. 收养的，领养的→adoption n. 采纳；采用；收养
adopt an_idea/a_plan 采纳意见/计划
adopt an_approach/attitude 采取一种方法/态度
adopt a_child 收养一个孩子
12．reduce v. 减少，降低→reduction n. 减少，缩小，降低
reduce ... to ... 把……减少到……
reduce ... by ... 把……减少了……
reduce ... from ... to ... 把……从……减少到……
be_reduced_to ... 沦落为……；陷入某种状态
13．permission n. 允许，许可→permit v. 许可，允许，准许 n. 通行证；许可证
ask/request/apply for permission 请求许可
without permission/with one's permission 未经允许/在某人许可的情况下
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
permit sb. to_do sth.允许某人做某事
14．amount n. 数量，数额 vi. 合计；总计
a large amount of＋不可数名词，谓语动词用单数
large amounts of＋不可数名词，谓语动词用复数
no amount of 即使再大(或再多)的……(也不)
any amount of 无数的，大量的
amount to 合计；等于
15．remove v. 移走，搬走，去掉；脱去；摘下；开除，解除(职务)
remove ... from ... 把……从……移开
remove from ... to ... 从……搬迁到……
remove sb. from school/office/one's position 开除/免职
remove one's clothes 脱下某人的衣服
remove one's doubt 消除某人的疑惑
16．urge v. 竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 n. 强烈的欲望；冲动；迫切的要求→urgency n. [U] 紧急，紧迫→urgent adj. 紧急的；急切的
urge sb. to_do sth. 力劝某人做某事，敦促某人做某事
urge that ... 敦促/力劝……(从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略)
have all urge to_do sth. 有做某事的欲望/冲动
17．concerned adj. 焦急的，担忧的；关注的，关切的→concern n. [U] 担心；关切 [C] 关心的人(或)事 vt. 涉及，参与；(使)担忧→concerning prep. 关于；有关
be concerned about/for 担心……，关心……
be concerned with sth. 与某事有牵连
as_far_as_I'm_concerned 就我而言，依我看
show/express one's concern for/about ... 对……表示关心/担心
18．contribute v. 促成，造成(某事发生)；捐赠，捐献；(为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目)撰稿→contribution n. 捐献；贡献；投稿
contribute ... to ... 把……捐献给……
contribute to 为……做出贡献；有助于，增进；导致；给……投稿
make_contributions_to 对……做出贡献
19．average adj. 平均(数)的 n. 平均水平，一般水准
on (the/an) average 平均，一般来说
below average 在平均水平之下，低于平均水平
above (the) average 在平均水平以上，高于平均水平
20．due to由于，因为
due adj. 预期的；预计的；到期的；应给的
be due to_do ... 预期做……；预定要做某事
(be) due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人
21．take ... into account 把……考虑进去
account n. 叙述；描写；报道；账单；账户 v. 说明；解释；占(一定数量或比例)；认为是
give an account of 对……进行描述
on_account_of 因为，由于
on_no_account 决不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)
account_for 解释，说明；(数量/比例上)占……
Ⅱ.教材原句
1．We see_a_woman_swimming at night in a dark sea.(P62)
我们看到一个女人夜晚在漆黑的海中游泳。
2．In 1980, Benchley was_diving_when he came across an awful sight.(P63)
1980年，本奇利正在潜水，这时他偶然看到了一个可怕的景象。
3．Fortunately, not_everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them.(P63)
幸运的是，不是每个看过电影《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼，有些人变得对了解鲨鱼感兴趣。
4．However, making a paper bag uses four_times_as_much_energy_as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.(P68)
然而，制作纸袋所消耗的能源是塑料袋的四倍，水的消耗量是塑料袋的三倍。
5．It_depends_on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is.(P69)
这取决于你淋浴的时间和你的浴缸有多大。
6．But it's_worth_checking common ideas and opinions to see what's really green.(P69)
但值得审查一下常见的想法和观点，看看什么是真正环保的。
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．We had a really ________ (scare) experience in the forest.
答案：scary
2．The arrival time has been delayed due ________ bad weather.
答案：to
3．________ (fortunate), he was sent to the hospital in time.
答案：Fortunately
4．She gladly gave up her part?time job to devote herself entirely ________ her art.
答案：to
5．Thirty percent of reptiles, birds, and fish are currently threatened with ________ (extinct)．
答案：extinction
6．In my opinion, my best friend changed my attitude ________ life.
答案：to/towards
7．The team's performance ________ (affect) by the rain yesterday.
答案：was affected
8．With your ________ (permit), I'd like to say a few words.
答案：permission
9．The teacher urged him ________ (learn) modestly from others.
答案：to learn
10．Chinese scientists have made outstanding ________ (contribute) to the progress of human civilization.
答案：contributions
Ⅳ.开放型任务
关于本单元话题你学到了哪些词汇，哪些句式，收获了哪些保护地球的方法？请和你的同学、老师分享你生活中保护环境的小妙招吧。
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