中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题03 数词和主谓一致知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（学生版）
一、数词
命题趋势：
数词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用数词的能力。
中考考查重点：
1. 基数词；
2. 序数词；
3. 分数。
数词的分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少。序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。
考向一：基数词的构成
(1)0—12单独记。如： zero, one, two, three等。
(2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如：fourteen, seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊记。
(3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。
20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。
(4)＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。
48—forty-eight, 97—ninety-seven等。
(5)＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。
156—one hundred and fifty-six, 509—five hundred and nine。
(6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。
3,610＝three thousand six hundred and ten；
94,295＝ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five；
考向二：序数词的构成
first 1stsecond 2ndthird 3rdfourth 4thfifth 5thsixth 6thseventh 7theighth 8thninth 9thtenth 10th eleventh 11thtwelfth 12ththirteenth 13thfourteenth 14thfifteenth 15thsixteenth 16thseventeenth 17theighteenth 18thnineteenth 19thtwentieth 20th twenty-first 21sttwenty-second 22ndthirtieth 30thfortieth 40thfiftieth 50thsixtieth 60thseventieth 70theightieth 80thninetieth 90thhundredth 100thone hundred and first 101st
(1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first, second, third。
(2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加
＂th＂构成。如：fourth。
(3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth; fifty→fiftieth。
(4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第一百万millionth。
(5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。如：twenty-one→twenty-first; one hundred and one→one hundred and first。
基数词变序数词记忆口诀基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，ty将y变成i，th前面有个e。若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。整十基数变序数，先把ty变成tie，要是遇上两位数，十位基数，个位序，th最后加上去。
考向三：分数的表达法
分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。
1/3 one third 7/9 seven ninths
【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法：
a half 二分之一 a quarter =one fourth 四分之一
three quarters=three fourth 四分之三
【2019 广东省中考】We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her __________ birthday.
A. seventy B. the seventy C. the seventieth D. seventieth
考向四：数词和主谓一致
就近一致原则。2. 意义一致原则。3. 语法一致原则。
【2019 甘肃省天水市】________ students in our class ________ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.
A. Two fifths; is B. Second fifths; are
C. Second fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
二、主谓一致
命题趋势：
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。对于主谓一致的考查，主要集中在单项选择、完形填空、汉译英及其它类型的填空题中。在学习过程中，要掌握主谓一致的基本用法及常见搭配。
中考考查重点：
主谓一致的三个原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
考向一：主谓一致的三个原则
1. 意义一致
意义一致就是根据句子主语的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数。如：
Maths is difficult for us. 数学对我们来说很难。
The police are trying to search for the thief on the hill. 警察们正在山上尽力搜查小偷。
The woman behind the girls _____________ a famous actress.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
2. 语法一致
语法一致即单数主语要用单数谓语动词，复数主语要用复数谓语动词。如：
My bike is under the tree. 我的自行车在树下。
These books are old. 这些书是旧的。
The Greens _____________ dinner in the kitchen now.
A. is having B. having C. are having
3. 就近原则
就近原则即当主语被某些连词(短语)连接时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的词保持一致。
Either my father or brother is coming. 我父亲来，要不然就是我弟弟来。
Not only you but also they are good students. 不仅你是好学生，而且他们也是好学生。
【2019 四川省广元市】Not only you but also I ________ interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig.
A. am B. is C. are
含义 例句
语法一致 指的是主语为单数形式时，谓语动词使用单数形式，主语如果为复数形式，那么谓语动词也使用复数形式。 Tom is a good student.汤姆是个好学生。They often play football on the playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。
意义一致 又称为概念一致原则，指的是谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达单复数意义，而不取决于表面上的语法联系。 My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。
就近一致 又称为近邻一致原则，指的是主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词的单复数形式应与紧邻的名词或代词保持一致。 Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
考向二：并列结构作主语
由and或both... and连接两个名词、代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，句子的谓语用复数。
John and Mike are good friends. 约翰和迈克是好朋友。
Both bread and milk are good for you. 面包和牛奶对你都有好处。
and连接的两个名词作主语，在意义上指同一人、同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
The famous singer and dancer is coming to Chongqing. 那位著名的歌唱家兼舞蹈家要来重庆。
考向三：＂名词+介词短语＂作主语
名词或代词后接as well as，with，along with，together with，except，but等短语作主语时，谓语动词的形式应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。
She as well as other students likes playing computer games. 她和其他学生都喜欢玩电脑游戏。
He with his parents is working in the fields. 他正和他的父母在地里干活。
Nobody but you and me knows it. 除了你和我，没人知道。
考向四：不定代词作主语
1. 当作主语的名词前有each，neither，either，every修饰或each，neither，either作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Each student has a book. 每一个学生都有一本书。
Either answer is correct. 两个答案都是正确的。
Neither parent is with him. 他的父母都没有和他在一起。
Every minute is important to us. 每一分钟对大家都很重要。
2. 当复合不定代词someone，anyone，somebody，anybody，nobody，everybody，something，anything，nothing，everything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Somebody is waiting for you outside. 有人在外面等你。
Is everybody here today 今天大家都到了吗？
Something is wrong with my watch. 我的手表出故障了。
Nobody was away yesterday. 昨天没有人离开。
Now the students each _____________ an English-Chinese dictionary.
A. has B. have C. is having D. are having
考向五：There be和Here be的就近原则
There be和Here be 结构后面接并列名词时，谓语动词be均应与最近的名词在数上保持一致。
There is a pen，a pencil，a knife and three books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔，一支铅笔，一把刀和三本书。
Here are some flowers and a card. 这里有一些花和一张卡片。
【2019 湖南省郴州市】—Lucy, there __________ too many things on the desk. What a mess!
—Sorry, Mum. I’ll put them away.
A. have B. is C. are
考向六：特殊名词作主语
1. 国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，即使其形式上是复数，谓语动词也要用单数。
The United States lies to the east of China. 美国在中国的东方。(国名)
Engels was good at learning foreign languages. 恩格斯擅长学外语。(人名)
2. ＂the+形容词＂作主语时，表示某类人，谓语动词用复数。
The sick are taken good care of. 病人得到很好的照顾。
The old are supposed to be spoken to politely. 跟老人讲话要有礼貌。
3. 以-s结尾的学科名词，如maths，physics，politics等和以-s结尾的抽象名词，如news，plastics等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
Physics is very difficult for me to learn. 物理对我来讲很难学。
The news was very exciting. 这条新闻十分激动人心。
4. 单复数形式相同的名词，如Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词前的修饰语来确定。
A Chinese wants to see you. 一个中国人想见你。
Ten sheep are eating grass there. 那边有10只绵羊在吃草。
Chinese，Japanese，English等前加the表示一国人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The Chinese speak Chinese. 中国人说汉语。
Physics _____________ more interesting than maths, I think.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
考向七：表数量概念的词或短语作主语
1. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
Ten years has passed quickly. 10年很快就过去了。
Ten dollars is enough. 10美元就够了。
100 kilometers is a long way. 100千米是一段很长的路。
2. 加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数，其中加法与乘法也可用复数。
Two and two is/are four. 2加2等于4。
Six times one is/are six. 6乘以1等于6。
3. ＂many a/more than one+单数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
There is more than one answer. 有不止一个答案。
Many a student has passed the exam. 许多学生通过了考试。
4. ＂one and a half+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语用单数。
One and a half days is all I can spare. 一天半是我所能支配的全部时间。
One and a half pears is left on the plate. 一个半梨被留在盘子里。
5. the rest of... 短语作主语时，如果of后接复数名词，谓语用复数；如果of后接不可数名词，谓语用单数。
The rest of the bikes are on sale. 余下的自行车降价出售。
The rest of the bread is gone. 剩余的面包不见了。
6. ＂none of+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。
None of the dogs was/were there. 那儿没有狗。
7. ＂a number of+名词复数＂表示＂许多/大量的……＂，其后的谓语动词用复数；＂the number of+名词复数＂表示＂……的数量＂，其中心词为number，故谓语动词用单数。
A number of farmers are standing over there. 许多农民站在那边。
The number of the students in this school has reached over 2，000. 这所学校的学生数量已达到2 000多人。
8. ＂a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名词＂作主语，谓语动词由of后的名词来确定。如果of后是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果of后是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。
A lot of time is needed. 需要大量的时间。
Plenty of workers are working. 许多工人在工作。
—What _____________ the number of the students in your school
—About two thousand. A number of them _____________ from England.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
考向八：动名词、不定式和从句作主语
动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数。
Doing morning exercises is good for your body. 做早操对你的身体有益。
To play with fire near a gas station is very dangerous. 在加油站附近玩火很危险。
What he said at the meeting is very important. 他在会上的发言很重要。
To lose themselves in the net bar _____________ on teenagers’ future.
A. have a bad effect B. has a bad effect
C. have a good effect D. has a good effect
其他情况 例句
and连接并列主语时，谓语动词常常使用复数；但是and连接的并列主语指同一人、同一物时，谓语使用单数。 The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了(作家和教师指同一个人)The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)
＂单数名词或代词+名词或代词+but/besides/except/including/like/with/along with/as well as /rather than/such as/together with+名词或代词作主语，谓语使用单数形式，如果之前的名词或代词是复数，则谓语使用复数。 Mike with his father has been to England.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike, like his brother，enjoys playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。
＂the number of+复数名词＂作主语谓语用单数; ＂a(good/large) number of+复数名词＂作主语，谓语动词用复数。 The number of the students is over eight hundred. 学生人数超过八百。A number of teachers are present today，and the number of them is 500. 许多教师今天都出席了，有500人。
由两个相同部分组成的一个整体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数，如chopsticks，glasses，shoes，socks，stockings, trousers, boots等。若此类名词被＂a kind of/a pair of’’修饰时，谓语动词用单数。 The scissors are on the shelf next to the cupboard. 剪刀在橱柜旁边的架子上。A pair of glasses costs quite a lot these days. 近些天，眼镜的售价很高。
当not only... but also...，not... but...，or，either... or….，neither... nor...等连接并列主语时，以及在there be句型中，谓语动词的单复数形式采用就近一致原则。 Neither Jack and I have seen this film.杰克和我都没有看过这部电影Either you or he is to attend the meeting tomorrow.或者是你或者是他去参加明天的会议。
某些集体名词，如class, club, family, team, group等，作主语时，谓语动词采用意义一致原则，即依据名词的具体含义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。 The company has grown rapidly in the last five years.这家公司五年来迅速发展壮大。The family are celebrating Thanksgiving in this picture.在这张相片里，全家人正在庆祝感恩节。
如果这一类集体名词作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词使用单数形式，如果这一类词指的是具体成员，则谓语动词应该使用复数形式。
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Johnny was lucky enough to win the _______ prize in the math constant. (one)
2. It’s my _______ time to win the English reading contest this year. (two)
3. Lesson _______ is the most difficult lesson in this English text book. (eleventh)
4. China has become the _______ country to send her astronauts into space. (three)
5. Mrs. Brown is going to buy a present to her songs _______ birthday. (twelve)
6. Shanghai is _______ of the largest cities in the world. ( first)
7. Most of the drinking water ______________ (be) from the Black River.
8. Either you or he ______________ (have) made a wrong decision.
9. The police ______________ (be) trying to catch the thief.
10. The number of the teachers in the school ______________ (be) 120.
II. 单项选择。
1. ______________ of the students in our class have lunch at school.
A. Two fifth B. Threes fifths
C. One thirds D. Three quarters
2. Mother’s Day is on the ______________ Sunday in May every year.
A. two B. second C. six D. sixth
3. ______________ is more interesting than ______________
A. Lesson One；Lesson Two B. The first lesson；second lesson
C. First lesson；the second lesson D. First Lesson；Second Lesson
4. Not only I but also Jack and Mary ______________ tired of the examinations.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
5. —How many teachers are there in your school
—About 200. One third of them ______________ men teachers.
have B. has C. are D. is
1. (2019 广东省中考)We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her __________ birthday.
A. seventy B. the seventy C. the seventieth D. seventieth
2. (2019 江苏省宿迁市)Wu Dajing, a __________ Chinese skater, set a new world record at the Short Track World Cup last year.
A. 25-years-old B. 25 year old C. 25-year-old D. 25 years old
3. (2019 甘肃省武威市)September is the __________ month of a year.
A. seventh B. eighth C. ninth D. tenth
4. (2019 甘肃省兰州市)We gave away __________ books to the school library last year.
A. six thousands B. six thousand
C. six thousands of D. six thousand of
5. (2019 湖南省郴州市)Every year, __________ books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.
A. thousand B. thousands of C. thousand of
6. (2019 山东省滨州市)—Which month of the year do you like best
—July, the __________ month, because summer vacation begin in this month.
A. seven B. six C. seventh D. sixth
7. (2019 黑龙江省哈尔滨市)—We’ll celebrate the __________ National Day this year.
—That’s really exciting。
A. seventy B. seventeen C. seventieth
8. (2019 福建省中考)There __________ a large bowl of jiaozi on the table.
A. is B. are C. be
9. (2019 甘肃省兰州市)In the near future, there __________ self-driving cars in our city.
A. is B. was C. are D. will be
10. (2019 湖南省湘西州)—There __________ a book sale in our school. Would you like to have a look with me
—Sure. I’d love to.
A.is B. have C. are
11. (2019 四川省凉山州)—What’s in the picture on the wall
—There __________ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground.
A. has B. are C. is D. have
12. (2019 贵州省安顺市)Nowadays, __________ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about __________ of them are adults.
A. the number of; four-fifths B. a number of; four-fifth
C. a number of; four-fifths D. the number of; four-five
I. 单项选择。
1. (重庆市2019届九年级下学期第三次阶段考试)There are __________ floors in Toby’s house. And his room is on the __________ floor.
A. three; two B. third; second C. third; two D. three; second
2. (2019 扬州市竹西中学初三中考模拟)—Dad, about __________ of our classmates wear glasses.
—Oh, that’s terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes.
A. three fourth B. third fourth C. third fourths D. three quarters
3. (天津市南开区2018-2019学年度九年级第二学期三模)__________ people come to the lost and found office every day.
A. Hundreds B. Hundred C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of
4. (2019 山东初三中考模拟)__________ visitors came to take photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.
A. Thousand B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands of
5. (天津市红桥区2018-2019年度第二学期九年级中考三模)In the future people will live longer and more and more people will celebrate their __________ birthdays.
A. one hundred B. hundred C. hundreds of D. hundredth
6. (天津市河西区2018-2019学年度初中毕业生学业考试)About __________ of the earth __________ covered with water, but we have less and less fresh water.
A. three-fourth; are B. three-fourths; is
C. three-fourth; are D. three-fourths; are
7. (山东青岛市集团校联考2019年初中学生学业水平模拟)The number of the students in my class __________ fifty. A large number of them __________ from the countryside.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
8. (山东省济南市市中区2019第二次模拟)—Ann, when do you plan to go for your ten-day holiday
—Next month. I’m going away on the __________ and coming back on the 12th.
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
9. (江苏省阜宁县2019年春学期九年级第一次学情调研)Jim failed twice, but he wanted to have __________ try.
A. a second B. a third C. the second D. the third
10. (江苏省阜宁县2019年春学期九年级第一次学情调研)_________ people attending the meeting is 2975 and about _________ are women.
A. A number of; one fourth B. The number of; one fourth
C. A number of; one fourths D. The number of; one fourths
II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Not only you but also I (be) wrong.
2. Neither Bill nor his parents (be) at home now.
3. The football team (be) having a shower now.
4. Nothing in the world (be) difficult for one who is careful.
5. Ten thousand pounds (be) a lot of money.
6. When each person (come) in, they must show their tickets.
7. Fifty miles (be) not a great distance.
8. Nobody but John and Jim (be) asked to go.
9. None of us (have) got a camera.
10. Vegetables sold at this shop (be) usually cheap.
11. A large number of boys and girls (play) in the park every day.
12. The old in my country (be) cared for by their children and grandchildren.
13. There (be) a pair of trousers on the sofa.
14. Every man, woman and child (know) something about the hero.
15. The police (be) looking for the thief now.
16. Nobody (want) to spend time on such a thing.
17. The Great Wall as well as the Palace Museum (attract) lots of tourists from abroad every year.
18. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth (be) covered by water.
19. John, together with his family, (be) flying to London next week.
20. Few of my family really (understand) me.
模块一
考点详解
方法技巧
方法技巧
英语分数巧记
英语分数不费事，＂母序子基＂四个字。
分子若是大于一，分母还须加-s。
典型例题
典型例题
主谓一致记忆口诀
单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单。如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。
有些名词谓常复，牛人警察和船员。主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。
主语从句非谓语，many a再加more than one，谓语动词均用单。
or，nor，but also，there be，近主原则挂嘴边。主语neither，either，one，谓语总是用三单。
主语虽有and连，and后面没有冠，仅指一人或一事，谓语仍然是单三。
时间、价值度量衡，谓语常作单数看。no，each，every后用单，两件/种事物/情系一概念。
典型例题
典型例题
典型例题
知识归纳
典型例题
典型例题
典型例题
典型例题
典型例题
辨析
知识拓展
方法技巧
谓语动词只用单数的情况
主语抽象表单一，集体名词整体看；
and连接两名词，或人或物不可分；
every，each以及no，并用and连名词；
三＂e＂neither不定代，所构合成正式单；
news，means，works，貌似复数实则单；
还有ics结尾学科词，国，书，剧名兼格言；
时重长度与价值，主单不受随行控；
many，more than连单数，名词数量一个半，谓语单数不多看。
谓语动词可单可复的语法原则
可单可复有8类，集体名词一大类，
看作整体用单数，个体单看用复数；
不定代词疑问词，部分、半数及剩余，
这些作主看内容，该单该复看含义；
The加分词形容词，指人一定是复数，
若与分词指抽象，仍用单数莫迟疑；
one of引导定从句，修饰复数是真的，
若有the only在前头，从句指的是单一；
人口数目与比例，大多、种类作主语；
许多、分数、百分数，是单是复看意义；四则运算很随意。
谓语动词用复数的情况
人们加警察，家禽并牛群，常作复数没问题；
服装鞋袜及手套，自然全是用复数。
模块二
跟踪训练
模块三
真题在现
模块四
模拟检测
PAGE
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页 25中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题03 数词和主谓一致知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（解析版）
一、数词
命题趋势：
数词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用数词的能力。
中考考查重点：
1. 基数词；
2. 序数词；
3. 分数。
数词的分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少。序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。
考向一：基数词的构成
(1)0—12单独记。如： zero, one, two, three等。
(2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如：fourteen, seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊记。
(3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。
20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。
(4)＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。
48—forty-eight, 97—ninety-seven等。
(5)＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。
156—one hundred and fifty-six, 509—five hundred and nine。
(6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。
3,610＝three thousand six hundred and ten；
94,295＝ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five；
考向二：序数词的构成
first 1stsecond 2ndthird 3rdfourth 4thfifth 5thsixth 6thseventh 7theighth 8thninth 9thtenth 10th eleventh 11thtwelfth 12ththirteenth 13thfourteenth 14thfifteenth 15thsixteenth 16thseventeenth 17theighteenth 18thnineteenth 19thtwentieth 20th twenty-first 21sttwenty-second 22ndthirtieth 30thfortieth 40thfiftieth 50thsixtieth 60thseventieth 70theightieth 80thninetieth 90thhundredth 100thone hundred and first 101st
(1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first, second, third。
(2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加
＂th＂构成。如：fourth。
(3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth; fifty→fiftieth。
(4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第一百万millionth。
(5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。如：twenty-one→twenty-first; one hundred and one→one hundred and first。
基数词变序数词记忆口诀基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，ty将y变成i，th前面有个e。若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。整十基数变序数，先把ty变成tie，要是遇上两位数，十位基数，个位序，th最后加上去。
考向三：分数的表达法
分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。
1/3 one third 7/9 seven ninths
【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法：
a half 二分之一 a quarter =one fourth 四分之一
three quarters=three fourth 四分之三
【2019 广东省中考】We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her __________ birthday.
A. seventy B. the seventy C. the seventieth D. seventieth
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们为我们的国家感到骄傲，2019年是她的70岁生日。seventy70，seventieth第70；根据几岁生日时用序数词，当序数词前有形容词性的物主代词时，要把the省略掉；故选D。
考向四：数词和主谓一致
1. 就近一致原则。2. 意义一致原则。3. 语法一致原则。
【2019 甘肃省天水市】________ students in our class ________ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.
A. Two fifths; is B. Second fifths; are
C. Second fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们班五分之二的学生打算下周去北京参加夏令营。表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，因此五分之二的表达应该是two fifths，排除B、C；分数后面的名词为复数名词students，根据主谓一致的原则，只能用are，故答案选D。
【点睛】点睛：本题考查的知识点有分数的表达和主谓一致，一般情况下，表示分数时，分子要用基数词，分母要用序数词，如果分子大于1，表示分母的序数词要用复数形式，如：two thirds 三分之二。由＂分数或百分数名词＂构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如：60% of the students in our class are girls.我们班60的学生是女生。Two thirds of the apple is red.这个苹果的三分之二是红色的。
二、主谓一致
命题趋势：
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。对于主谓一致的考查，主要集中在单项选择、完形填空、汉译英及其它类型的填空题中。在学习过程中，要掌握主谓一致的基本用法及常见搭配。
中考考查重点：
主谓一致的三个原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
考向一：主谓一致的三个原则
1. 意义一致
意义一致就是根据句子主语的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数。如：
Maths is difficult for us. 数学对我们来说很难。
The police are trying to search for the thief on the hill. 警察们正在山上尽力搜查小偷。
The woman behind the girls _____________ a famous actress.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
【答案】A
【解析】在本句中，句子主语为woman，所以谓语动词应用单数形式，排除B、C两项。本句为系表结构，排除D项。故选A。
2. 语法一致
语法一致即单数主语要用单数谓语动词，复数主语要用复数谓语动词。如：
My bike is under the tree. 我的自行车在树下。
These books are old. 这些书是旧的。
The Greens _____________ dinner in the kitchen now.
A. is having B. having C. are having
【答案】C
【解析】the Greens意为＂格林一家；格林夫妇＂，表复数意义，故选C。
3. 就近原则
就近原则即当主语被某些连词(短语)连接时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的词保持一致。
Either my father or brother is coming. 我父亲来，要不然就是我弟弟来。
Not only you but also they are good students. 不仅你是好学生，而且他们也是好学生。
【2019 四川省广元市】Not only you but also I ________ interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig.
A. am B. is C. are
【答案】A
【解析】考查句子的主谓一致。句意：不仅是你，我也对卡通片《粉红猪小妹》感兴趣。A. am用于主语是I的一般现在时；B. is用于主语是单数第三人称的一般现在时；C. are用于主语是复数的一般现在时。短语＂not only…but also＂引导的主语和后面动词主谓一致遵循临近一致原则，比较近的主语I是第一人称，be动词用am, 故选A。
含义 例句
语法一致 指的是主语为单数形式时，谓语动词使用单数形式，主语如果为复数形式，那么谓语动词也使用复数形式。 Tom is a good student.汤姆是个好学生。They often play football on the playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。
意义一致 又称为概念一致原则，指的是谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达单复数意义，而不取决于表面上的语法联系。 My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。
就近一致 又称为近邻一致原则，指的是主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词的单复数形式应与紧邻的名词或代词保持一致。 Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
考向二：并列结构作主语
由and或both... and连接两个名词、代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，句子的谓语用复数。
John and Mike are good friends. 约翰和迈克是好朋友。
Both bread and milk are good for you. 面包和牛奶对你都有好处。
and连接的两个名词作主语，在意义上指同一人、同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
The famous singer and dancer is coming to Chongqing. 那位著名的歌唱家兼舞蹈家要来重庆。
考向三：＂名词+介词短语＂作主语
名词或代词后接as well as，with，along with，together with，except，but等短语作主语时，谓语动词的形式应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。
She as well as other students likes playing computer games. 她和其他学生都喜欢玩电脑游戏。
He with his parents is working in the fields. 他正和他的父母在地里干活。
Nobody but you and me knows it. 除了你和我，没人知道。
考向四：不定代词作主语
1. 当作主语的名词前有each，neither，either，every修饰或each，neither，either作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Each student has a book. 每一个学生都有一本书。
Either answer is correct. 两个答案都是正确的。
Neither parent is with him. 他的父母都没有和他在一起。
Every minute is important to us. 每一分钟对大家都很重要。
2. 当复合不定代词someone，anyone，somebody，anybody，nobody，everybody，something，anything，nothing，everything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Somebody is waiting for you outside. 有人在外面等你。
Is everybody here today 今天大家都到了吗？
Something is wrong with my watch. 我的手表出故障了。
Nobody was away yesterday. 昨天没有人离开。
Now the students each _____________ an English-Chinese dictionary.
A. has B. have C. is having D. are having
【答案】B
【解析】have 当＂有＂讲时，不能用于进行时，排除C、D；each用于主语the students之后作同位语，不影响谓语动词的数，故选B。
考向五：There be和Here be的就近原则
There be和Here be 结构后面接并列名词时，谓语动词be均应与最近的名词在数上保持一致。
There is a pen，a pencil，a knife and three books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔，一支铅笔，一把刀和三本书。
Here are some flowers and a card. 这里有一些花和一张卡片。
【2019 湖南省郴州市】—Lucy, there __________ too many things on the desk. What a mess!
—Sorry, Mum. I’ll put them away.
A. have B. is C. are
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——露西，在桌子上有许多东西。真乱！——对不起，妈妈，我将把他们收起来。A. have有；B. is是；单数；C. are是，复数。这里是there be句型，主语是too many things是复数，be动词用are。根据题意，故选C。
考向六：特殊名词作主语
1. 国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，即使其形式上是复数，谓语动词也要用单数。
The United States lies to the east of China. 美国在中国的东方。(国名)
Engels was good at learning foreign languages. 恩格斯擅长学外语。(人名)
2. ＂the+形容词＂作主语时，表示某类人，谓语动词用复数。
The sick are taken good care of. 病人得到很好的照顾。
The old are supposed to be spoken to politely. 跟老人讲话要有礼貌。
3. 以-s结尾的学科名词，如maths，physics，politics等和以-s结尾的抽象名词，如news，plastics等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
Physics is very difficult for me to learn. 物理对我来讲很难学。
The news was very exciting. 这条新闻十分激动人心。
4. 单复数形式相同的名词，如Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词前的修饰语来确定。
A Chinese wants to see you. 一个中国人想见你。
Ten sheep are eating grass there. 那边有10只绵羊在吃草。
Chinese，Japanese，English等前加the表示一国人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The Chinese speak Chinese. 中国人说汉语。
Physics _____________ more interesting than maths, I think.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
【答案】B
【解析】表示学科的名词physics，虽然是以-s 结尾，但意义上是单数，作主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式。这里指的是一般情况，用一般现在时，故选B。
考向七：表数量概念的词或短语作主语
1. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
Ten years has passed quickly. 10年很快就过去了。
Ten dollars is enough. 10美元就够了。
100 kilometers is a long way. 100千米是一段很长的路。
2. 加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数，其中加法与乘法也可用复数。
Two and two is/are four. 2加2等于4。
Six times one is/are six. 6乘以1等于6。
3. ＂many a/more than one+单数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
There is more than one answer. 有不止一个答案。
Many a student has passed the exam. 许多学生通过了考试。
4. ＂one and a half+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语用单数。
One and a half days is all I can spare. 一天半是我所能支配的全部时间。
One and a half pears is left on the plate. 一个半梨被留在盘子里。
5. the rest of... 短语作主语时，如果of后接复数名词，谓语用复数；如果of后接不可数名词，谓语用单数。
The rest of the bikes are on sale. 余下的自行车降价出售。
The rest of the bread is gone. 剩余的面包不见了。
6. ＂none of+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。
None of the dogs was/were there. 那儿没有狗。
7. ＂a number of+名词复数＂表示＂许多/大量的……＂，其后的谓语动词用复数；＂the number of+名词复数＂表示＂……的数量＂，其中心词为number，故谓语动词用单数。
A number of farmers are standing over there. 许多农民站在那边。
The number of the students in this school has reached over 2，000. 这所学校的学生数量已达到2 000多人。
8. ＂a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名词＂作主语，谓语动词由of后的名词来确定。如果of后是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果of后是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。
A lot of time is needed. 需要大量的时间。
Plenty of workers are working. 许多工人在工作。
—What _____________ the number of the students in your school
—About two thousand. A number of them _____________ from England.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
【答案】A
【解析】第一空处的主语为the number of the students，表示学生的数量，故用is；第二空处的主语为A number of them，表示他们们的许多人，故用are。
考向八：动名词、不定式和从句作主语
动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数。
Doing morning exercises is good for your body. 做早操对你的身体有益。
To play with fire near a gas station is very dangerous. 在加油站附近玩火很危险。
What he said at the meeting is very important. 他在会上的发言很重要。
To lose themselves in the net bar _____________ on teenagers’ future.
A. have a bad effect B. has a bad effect
C. have a good effect D. has a good effect
【答案】B
【解析】单个的动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，因为沉迷网络对青少年的未来没有好处，所以选has a bad effect。
其他情况 例句
and连接并列主语时，谓语动词常常使用复数；但是and连接的并列主语指同一人、同一物时，谓语使用单数。 The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了(作家和教师指同一个人)The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)
＂单数名词或代词+名词或代词+but/besides/except/including/like/with/along with/as well as /rather than/such as/together with+名词或代词作主语，谓语使用单数形式，如果之前的名词或代词是复数，则谓语使用复数。 Mike with his father has been to England.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike, like his brother，enjoys playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。
＂the number of+复数名词＂作主语谓语用单数; ＂a(good/large) number of+复数名词＂作主语，谓语动词用复数。 The number of the students is over eight hundred. 学生人数超过八百。A number of teachers are present today，and the number of them is 500. 许多教师今天都出席了，有500人。
由两个相同部分组成的一个整体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数，如chopsticks，glasses，shoes，socks，stockings, trousers, boots等。若此类名词被＂a kind of/a pair of’’修饰时，谓语动词用单数。 The scissors are on the shelf next to the cupboard. 剪刀在橱柜旁边的架子上。A pair of glasses costs quite a lot these days. 近些天，眼镜的售价很高。
当not only... but also...，not... but...，or，either... or….，neither... nor...等连接并列主语时，以及在there be句型中，谓语动词的单复数形式采用就近一致原则。 Neither Jack and I have seen this film.杰克和我都没有看过这部电影Either you or he is to attend the meeting tomorrow.或者是你或者是他去参加明天的会议。
某些集体名词，如class, club, family, team, group等，作主语时，谓语动词采用意义一致原则，即依据名词的具体含义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。 The company has grown rapidly in the last five years.这家公司五年来迅速发展壮大。The family are celebrating Thanksgiving in this picture.在这张相片里，全家人正在庆祝感恩节。
如果这一类集体名词作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词使用单数形式，如果这一类词指的是具体成员，则谓语动词应该使用复数形式。
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Johnny was lucky enough to win the _______ prize in the math constant. (one)
2. It’s my _______ time to win the English reading contest this year. (two)
3. Lesson _______ is the most difficult lesson in this English text book. (eleventh)
4. China has become the _______ country to send her astronauts into space. (three)
5. Mrs. Brown is going to buy a present to her songs _______ birthday. (twelve)
6. Shanghai is _______ of the largest cities in the world. ( first)
7. Most of the drinking water ______________ (be) from the Black River.
8. Either you or he ______________ (have) made a wrong decision.
9. The police ______________ (be) trying to catch the thief.
10. The number of the teachers in the school ______________ (be) 120.
II. 单项选择。
1. ______________ of the students in our class have lunch at school.
A. Two fifth B. Threes fifths
C. One thirds D. Three quarters
2. Mother’s Day is on the ______________ Sunday in May every year.
A. two B. second C. six D. sixth
3. ______________ is more interesting than ______________
A. Lesson One；Lesson Two B. The first lesson；second lesson
C. First lesson；the second lesson D. First Lesson；Second Lesson
4. Not only I but also Jack and Mary ______________ tired of the examinations.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
5. —How many teachers are there in your school
—About 200. One third of them ______________ men teachers.
A. have B. has C. are D. is
1. (2019 广东省中考)We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her __________ birthday.
A. seventy B. the seventy C. the seventieth D. seventieth
2. (2019 江苏省宿迁市)Wu Dajing, a __________ Chinese skater, set a new world record at the Short Track World Cup last year.
A. 25-years-old B. 25 year old C. 25-year-old D. 25 years old
3. (2019 甘肃省武威市)September is the __________ month of a year.
A. seventh B. eighth C. ninth D. tenth
4. (2019 甘肃省兰州市)We gave away __________ books to the school library last year.
A. six thousands B. six thousand
C. six thousands of D. six thousand of
5. (2019 湖南省郴州市)Every year, __________ books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.
A. thousand B. thousands of C. thousand of
6. (2019 山东省滨州市)—Which month of the year do you like best
—July, the __________ month, because summer vacation begin in this month.
A. seven B. six C. seventh D. sixth
7. (2019 黑龙江省哈尔滨市)—We’ll celebrate the __________ National Day this year.
—That’s really exciting。
A. seventy B. seventeen C. seventieth
8. (2019 福建省中考)There __________ a large bowl of jiaozi on the table.
A. is B. are C. be
9. (2019 甘肃省兰州市)In the near future, there __________ self-driving cars in our city.
A. is B. was C. are D. will be
10. (2019 湖南省湘西州)—There __________ a book sale in our school. Would you like to have a look with me
—Sure. I’d love to.
A.is B. have C. are
11. (2019 四川省凉山州)—What’s in the picture on the wall
—There __________ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground.
A. has B. are C. is D. have
12. (2019 贵州省安顺市)Nowadays, __________ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about __________ of them are adults.
A. the number of; four-fifths B. a number of; four-fifth
C. a number of; four-fifths D. the number of; four-five
I. 单项选择。
1. (重庆市2019届九年级下学期第三次阶段考试)There are __________ floors in Toby’s house. And his room is on the __________ floor.
A. three; two B. third; second C. third; two D. three; second
2. (2019 扬州市竹西中学初三中考模拟)—Dad, about __________ of our classmates wear glasses.
—Oh, that’s terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes.
A. three fourth B. third fourth C. third fourths D. three quarters
3. (天津市南开区2018-2019学年度九年级第二学期三模)__________ people come to the lost and found office every day.
A. Hundreds B. Hundred C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of
4. (2019 山东初三中考模拟)__________ visitors came to take photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.
A. Thousand B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands of
5. (天津市红桥区2018-2019年度第二学期九年级中考三模)In the future people will live longer and more and more people will celebrate their __________ birthdays.
A. one hundred B. hundred C. hundreds of D. hundredth
6. (天津市河西区2018-2019学年度初中毕业生学业考试)About __________ of the earth __________ covered with water, but we have less and less fresh water.
A. three-fourth; are B. three-fourths; is
C. three-fourth; are D. three-fourths; are
7. (山东青岛市集团校联考2019年初中学生学业水平模拟)The number of the students in my class __________ fifty. A large number of them __________ from the countryside.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
8. (山东省济南市市中区2019第二次模拟)—Ann, when do you plan to go for your ten-day holiday
—Next month. I’m going away on the __________ and coming back on the 12th.
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
9. (江苏省阜宁县2019年春学期九年级第一次学情调研)Jim failed twice, but he wanted to have __________ try.
A. a second B. a third C. the second D. the third
10. (江苏省阜宁县2019年春学期九年级第一次学情调研)_________ people attending the meeting is 2975 and about _________ are women.
A. A number of; one fourth B. The number of; one fourth
C. A number of; one fourths D. The number of; one fourths
II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Not only you but also I (be) wrong.
2. Neither Bill nor his parents (be) at home now.
3. The football team (be) having a shower now.
4. Nothing in the world (be) difficult for one who is careful.
5. Ten thousand pounds (be) a lot of money.
6. When each person (come) in, they must show their tickets.
7. Fifty miles (be) not a great distance.
8. Nobody but John and Jim (be) asked to go.
9. None of us (have) got a camera.
10. Vegetables sold at this shop (be) usually cheap.
11. A large number of boys and girls (play) in the park every day.
12. The old in my country (be) cared for by their children and grandchildren.
13. There (be) a pair of trousers on the sofa.
14. Every man, woman and child (know) something about the hero.
15. The police (be) looking for the thief now.
16. Nobody (want) to spend time on such a thing.
17. The Great Wall as well as the Palace Museum (attract) lots of tourists from abroad every year.
18. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth (be) covered by water.
19. John, together with his family, (be) flying to London next week.
20. Few of my family really (understand) me.
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. first 2. second 3. Eleven 4. third 5. twelfth
6. one 7. is 8. has 9. are 10. is
II. 单项选择。
1. D 【解析】句意：我们班四分之三的学生在学校吃午餐。英语分数的分子写在前面，分母写在后面。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子为1时，分母用单数；当分子大于1时，分母用复数。A. Two fifth五分之二，分母应该用复数，错了；B. Threes fifths五分之三，分子应该用单数，错了；C. One thirds三分之一。分母应该用单数，错了；D. Three quarters四分之三。四分之一用a quarter表示，四分之三就用three quarters。正确。故选D。
2. B 【解析】句意：母亲节在每年五月份的第二个星期天。two二；second第二；six六；sixth第六。根据句意可知，这里应该用序数词，表示＂第……个＂，并且母亲节是五月份的第二个周日。故选B。
3. A 【解析】句意：第一课比第二课更有趣。Lesson one第一课；Lesson Two第二课；the first lesson第一课；the second lesson第二课。根据句意可知应选A。序数词前应加定冠词the，因此其他选项都不对。
4. B 【解析】句意：不仅我而且杰克和玛丽都厌倦了考试。not only ... but also等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式采用就近一致原则。故选B。
5. C 【解析】句意：——你们学校有多少个老师？——大约200。其中三分之一为男老师。分数在句子中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于分数后面的名词是单数还是复数。故这里要用are。
1. D【解析】句意：我们为我们的国家感到骄傲，2019年是她的70岁生日。seventy70，seventieth第70；根据几岁生日时用序数词，当序数词前有形容词性的物主代词时，要把the省略掉；故选D。
2. C【解析】句意：25岁的中国滑冰运动员吴大靖在去年的短道世界杯上创造了新的世界纪录。考查限定词辨析。由数字、名词和形容词加连字符构成的词为复合形容词，也称限定词，其结构为＂数字-名词-形容词＂，中间的名词必须用单数形式。根据句意结构，可知选C。
3. C【解析】句意：九月是一年中的第九个月。A. 第七；B. 第八；C. 第九；D. 第十。根据常识可知，九月是第九个月，故选C。
4. B【解析】句意：去年我们把6000本书捐给了学校图书馆。结合选项，本题考查数词的用法，英文的数目表达方式有两种：精确数目和含糊数目。精确数目如：two million dollars，两百万美元；数词无复数，也没有of；含糊数目如：millions of dollars，数百万美元；数词用复数，且有of；这个句中的数目属于精确数目，6000本书。就应该表达成 six thousand books；不加of，数词也无复数。故选B。
5. B【解析】句意：每年，成千上万本书被捐给乡下的穷孩子们。A. thousand 千，前面有具体数字时用不能变复数；B. thousands of成千上万的；C. thousand of语法错误。根据题意这里表示约数用thousands of，thousands of books表示成千上万的书。根据题意，故选B。
6. C【解析】句意：——你最喜欢一年中的哪个月 ——七月，第七个月，因为暑假在这个月开始。考查数词辨析。定冠词the修饰序数词，six和seven都是基数词，可排除。seventh第七，sixth第六；根据July(七月)可知选C。
7. C【解析】表示第几个节日、生日和纪念日需要用序数词。此处指我们今年将要庆祝第七十个国庆节。
8. A【解析】考查 there be 句型，该题主要考查主谓一致，a large bowl of jiaozi 为单数，故选 A。
9. D【解析】句意：在不久的将来，我们城市将有自动驾驶汽车。选项A、C为一般现在时；B为一般过去时；D为一般将来时。根据In the near future可知，本题考查there be结构的一般将来时。该结构有两种表达：there is going to be或there will be。分析选项可知，D正确。
10. A【解析】句意：——在我们学校有个图书特卖活动。你愿意和我一块去看看吗？——当然，我愿意去。there be句型表示某处有某物，有此句型不能有have，这个句型中be动词的就近原则，be动词取决于与之邻近的名词。名词是可数名词单数用is，其它情况用are。此题中名词a book sale 是可数名词单数，所以be动词用is。故选A。
11. C【解析】句意：——墙上的画里是什么？——有一个老师和一些学生在操场上正在踢足球。there be句型表示某地有某物，用此句型不能再由have；此句型有个就近原则，be动词的选择取决于与之挨着的名词。名词的可数名词单数或者是不可数名词的话就用is，是复数名词用are。根据句中的a teacher可以判断be动词用is。故选C。
12. C【解析】句意：如今，许多人更喜欢华为手机，其中约五分之四是成年人。考查介词短语和分数。1. the number of：……的数量，作主语，谓语动词使用单数；a number of：许多，大量的，修饰可数名词复数，它和可数名词作主语时，谓语动词使用复数；本句谓语动词like是复数，可知填a number of。2.分数表达法：基数词做分子，序数词做分母，当分子大于一，分母用复数，＂五分之四＂是four-fifths，故第二个空填four-fifths；故选C。
I. 单项选择。
1. D【解析】句意：Toby家有三层楼。他的房间在第二层。three三，是基数词；third第三，是序数词；two二，是基数词；second第二，是序数词。第一空修饰复数名词floors，故用基数词three。第二空修饰单数名词floor，故用序数词second。故选D。
2. D【解析】句意：——爸爸，我们的同学大约有四分之三戴着眼镜。——哦，那太可怕了。你们都应该照顾好你们的眼睛。表示分数时，分母用序数词，分子用基数词，当分子大约一时，分子用复数形式，表示四分之一用one fourth或one quarter，表示四分之三用three fourths或three quarters，故选D。
3. D【解析】句意：每天都有数百人来到失物招领处。hundred前面有具体数字时不用复数形式，与of连用时，hundred要用复数形式，表示不确定的数字，hundreds of数以百计的，故答案为D。
4. D【解析】句意：成千上万的游客在度假期间来Hongyadong拍照。考查数词的用法。thousand前有具体数字时，用单数形式；如果没有具体数字时，用复数形式和of连用。结合本题语境，假期来Hongyadong参观的人肯定是指约数，意为成千上万的，所以根据以上分析应表达为thousands of表示成千上万的、数以千计的；故答案选D。
5. D【解析】句意：在未来，人们会活得更久，更多的人将庆祝他们的百岁生日。考查序数词。A. one hundred一百；B. hundred百；C. hundreds of数以百计的；D. hundredth第一百。根据In the future people will live longer and more and more people will celebrate their birthdays.可知句意为＂在未来，人们会活得更久，更多的人将庆祝他们的百岁生日。＂这里指的是＂第一百个＂生日，所以应用序数词形式，hundred的序数词为hundredth，故答案选D。
6. B【解析】句意：地球上大约四分之三的部分被水覆盖，但是我们有越来越少的淡水。第一空处考查分数表达法，即＂分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母加s＂，three-fourths＂四分之三＂，排除A和C；分数或者百分数作主语，谓语动词单复数要根据of后的名词决定，根据of后的earth可知，用单数is，故选B。
7. A【解析】句意：我们班学生的数量是50，他们中很多都来自农村。这个题目考查主谓一致，is用于主语为单数时；are用于主语是复数时。第一句话the number of….表示＂……的数量＂，谓语动词用单数；第二句话是a large number of…＂许多，大量＂，谓语动词用复数。故选A。
8. C【解析】句意：——Ann，你计划什么时候去过你十天的假期？——下个月，我打算三号离开，12号回来。first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据句意…go for your ten-day holiday可知，Ann的假期是10天，句中说到coming back on the 12th，12号回来，所以离开的日期应该是三号。故选C。
9. B【解析】句意：吉姆失败了两次，但是他想再试一次。考查序数词用法。A. a second再一；B. a third又一次；C. the second第二；D. the third第三。a +序数词是在前面数字的基础上再出现，而the序数词单指第几个。吉姆失败了两次，再一次用a third。故选B。
10. B【解析】句意：参加会议的人数是2975，大约四分之一是女性。A number of是大量、很多的意思，后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数形式。The number of意思是……的数字/数目，介词of同其后名词构成介词短语，修饰the number，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。根据谓语is可知第一个空用The number of。 分数的表示是分子在前、分母在后。分子以基数(one， two， three)表示，分母以序数(first， second， third)等表示。分子超过1时，分母必须加上-s。所以第二个空填one fourth。故选B。
II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. am/was 2. are 3. are 4. is 5. is
6. comes 7. is 8. is/was 9. has/have 10. are
11. play 12. are 13. is 14. knows 15. are
16. wants/wanted 17. attracts 18. is 19. is 20. understand
模块一
考点详解
方法技巧
方法技巧
英语分数巧记
英语分数不费事，＂母序子基＂四个字。
分子若是大于一，分母还须加-s。
典型例题
典型例题
主谓一致记忆口诀
单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单。如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。
有些名词谓常复，牛人警察和船员。主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。
主语从句非谓语，many a再加more than one，谓语动词均用单。
or，nor，but also，there be，近主原则挂嘴边。主语neither，either，one，谓语总是用三单。
主语虽有and连，and后面没有冠，仅指一人或一事，谓语仍然是单三。
时间、价值度量衡，谓语常作单数看。no，each，every后用单，两件/种事物/情系一概念。
典型例题
典型例题
典型例题
知识归纳
典型例题
典型例题
典型例题
典型例题
典型例题
辨析
知识拓展
方法技巧
谓语动词只用单数的情况
主语抽象表单一，集体名词整体看；
and连接两名词，或人或物不可分；
every，each以及no，并用and连名词；
三＂e＂neither不定代，所构合成正式单；
news，means，works，貌似复数实则单；
还有ics结尾学科词，国，书，剧名兼格言；
时重长度与价值，主单不受随行控；
many，more than连单数，名词数量一个半，谓语单数不多看。
谓语动词可单可复的语法原则
可单可复有8类，集体名词一大类，
看作整体用单数，个体单看用复数；
不定代词疑问词，部分、半数及剩余，
这些作主看内容，该单该复看含义；
The加分词形容词，指人一定是复数，
若与分词指抽象，仍用单数莫迟疑；
one of引导定从句，修饰复数是真的，
若有the only在前头，从句指的是单一；
人口数目与比例，大多、种类作主语；
许多、分数、百分数，是单是复看意义；四则运算很随意。
谓语动词用复数的情况
人们加警察，家禽并牛群，常作复数没问题；
服装鞋袜及手套，自然全是用复数。
模块二
跟踪训练
模块三
真题在现
模块四
模拟检测
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