【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题24 感叹句知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（学生版）
命题趋势：
感叹句表示说话人的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪，由what或how引导，句末用感叹号，朗读时用降调。感叹句是历年中考常考的题型，通常以单项选择的形式呈现。
中考考查重点：
1. 感叹句的基本用法；
2. 对引导词what和how的选择；
3. 陈述句改感叹句。
考向一：感叹句的基本用法
用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导，具体用法如下表：
类别
结构
例句
what引导
What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
What a kind girl ( she is )! (她是)一个多么善良的女孩啊！
What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花！
What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天气！
how引导
How + 主语 + 谓语!
How time flies! 时间飞逝！
How + 形容词/副词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
How brave ( the hero is )!(这个英雄)真勇敢！
How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊!
How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
How clever ( a boy he is )! (他是)一个多么聪明的男孩啊！
1. ____________ exciting news! We’ve never had ____________ long vacation before.
A. What；such a B. What an；such a
C. How；such a D. What；so
2. —Look! ____________ clean the classroom looks!
—Yes. I’m sure somebody ____________ it up.
A. What；has cleaned B. How；has cleaned
C. What；cleaned D. How；cleaned
考向二：陈述句改感叹句
陈述句变为感叹句时，常使用＂一断二加三换位＂的方法：
1. ＂一断＂，即在谓语后边断开，使句子分为两部分。
She is ‖ a beautiful girl. 她是一位美丽的姑娘。
He works ‖ hard. 他工作努力。
2. ＂二加＂，即如果第二部分为副词、形容词，就加上how；如果是一个名词(词组)，就加上what。
She is ‖ (what) a beautiful girl.
He works ‖ (how) hard.
3. ＂三换位＂，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹号。
What a beautiful girl she is!
How hard he works!
She is a hard-working student. (改为感叹句)
___________________________________________________________________________
感叹句记忆口诀
感叹句，并不难，what与how应在前。
形容词、副词跟着how，what后面名词连。
名词若是可数单，前带冠词a或an。
主语、谓语放后面，省略它们也常见
1. —____________ good time we had at the party last night!
—Yes. It was ____________ exciting party that I would never forget it.
A. What；so B. How；such
C. What a；such an D. How a；so an
2. ____________ the flower is! Do you know who bought it?
A. How nice B. What nice
C. What a nice D. How a nice
3. ____________ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.
A. What an interesting B. How an interesting
C. What interesting D. How interesting
4. ____________ lovely weather we are having these days!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
5. —I traveled to Africa last summer and I saw a lot of wild animals.
—____________ unforgettable experience you had!
A. What a B. How C. What an D. What
6. ____________ good advice! It’s so helpful to us.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
7. ____________ beautiful the music they are playing sounds! ____________ excellent players!
A. How；What an B. How；What
C. What；what D. What；How an
8. —Most parents are worried that their children can’t enter their ideal university in Jiang Su.
—Sure. Listen! ____________ important news report the man from Education Department is giving!
A. What an B. What C. What a D. How
1.(2019 ? 贵州省贵阳市)—Yan Ning is one of 25 foreign associates(院士) in the US National Academy of Sciences.
—___________ excellent she is!
A. What an B. What C. How
2. (2019 ? 青海省中考)___________ useful advice you gave us!
A. What B. What a C. How
3. (2019 ? 内蒙古呼和浩特市)Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. ___________ great courage he showed!
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
4. (2019 ? 湖南省邵阳市)—___________ different life is today!
—Yeah. We are all living a happy and rich life now.
A. What a B. How C. What
5. (2019 ? 海南省中考)—___________ hard-working boy Zhou Bin is!
—Yes. I’ m sure he’ll pass the test.
A. What a B. What C. How
6. (2019 ? 广西省玉林市)—Wow! ___________ clean air we have today!
—Yes. Look! A lot of adults are doing kung fu over there
A. How B. What a C. How a D. What
1. (湖北省十堰市2018届九年级5月中考模拟试卷)____________ beautiful the East lake is! Last month, President Xi showed Prime Minister Modi around the beautiful lake.
A. How a B. What C. How D. What a
2. (海南省海南中学三亚学校2018届九年级第一次中考模拟考试)Hainan will become a free trade port. ____________ exciting news it is!
A. What an B. What C. How
3. (2018年江苏省镇江市区英语二模)____________ big success the charity show was! We have raised a lot of money.
A. How B. What C. How a D. What a
4. (江苏省江阴初级中学2018届九年级下学期适应性模拟测试)____________ big success Stephen Hawking is! He’s one of the best-known scientists on space and time in the world.
A. How B. What C. How a D. What a
5. (2018届江苏连云港灌云杨集初级中学九年级下学期期中)—____________ lovely the weather is!
—Yes. ____________ good time we are having!
A. How; What B. What a; How C. How; What a D. What; What a
6. (2016届上海闵行区九年级4月质量调研)____________ useful robot it is! It can help with the housework like a human servant.
A. What B. What a C. What an D. How
7. (2016届湖北黄冈九年级中考模拟)—____________ exciting the movie Strangers on a Trainis!
—Sure, I have seen it three times.
A. What B. What an C. How D. How an
8. (2016届湖南长沙麓山国际实验学校九年级第二次模拟)____________ heavily it is raining now!
A. What B. How C. What a
9. (江苏省苏州市高新区二中2017年初三英语二模)—____________ crowded Qingliang East Road is!
—Yes, because the number of cars has kept ____________ greatly since April.
What a; rising B. How a; raising
C. How; rising D. What; raising
10. (江苏省盐城市大丰区2017届九年级第二次质量检测)—Jane won the first prize in the English speech contest.
—____________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题24 感叹句知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（解析版）
命题趋势：
感叹句表示说话人的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪，由what或how引导，句末用感叹号，朗读时用降调。感叹句是历年中考常考的题型，通常以单项选择的形式呈现。
中考考查重点：
1. 感叹句的基本用法；
2. 对引导词what和how的选择；
3. 陈述句改感叹句。
考向一：感叹句的基本用法
用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导，具体用法如下表：
类别
结构
例句
what引导
What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
What a kind girl ( she is )! (她是)一个多么善良的女孩啊！
What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花！
What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天气！
how引导
How + 主语 + 谓语!
How time flies! 时间飞逝！
How + 形容词/副词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
How brave ( the hero is )!(这个英雄)真勇敢！
How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊!
How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
How clever ( a boy he is )! (他是)一个多么聪明的男孩啊！
1. ____________ exciting news! We’ve never had ____________ long vacation before.
A. What；such a B. What an；such a
C. How；such a D. What；so
【答案】A
【解析】句意：多么令人兴奋的消息! 以前我们从来没有这么长的假期。此题考查＂What + adj. + 名词! ＂和＂such a + adj. + 名词＂结构。故选A。
2. —Look! ____________ clean the classroom looks!
—Yes. I’m sure somebody ____________ it up.
A. What；has cleaned B. How；has cleaned
C. What；cleaned D. How；cleaned
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——看! 教室看起来多么干净啊！——是啊。我确定有人已经打扫了。前一句修饰形容词clean，应用how，排除A、C两项；有人打扫才会干净，侧重对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，故选B。
考向二：陈述句改感叹句
陈述句变为感叹句时，常使用＂一断二加三换位＂的方法：
1. ＂一断＂，即在谓语后边断开，使句子分为两部分。
She is ‖ a beautiful girl. 她是一位美丽的姑娘。
He works ‖ hard. 他工作努力。
2. ＂二加＂，即如果第二部分为副词、形容词，就加上how；如果是一个名词(词组)，就加上what。
She is ‖ (what) a beautiful girl.
He works ‖ (how) hard.
3. ＂三换位＂，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹号。
What a beautiful girl she is!
How hard he works!
She is a hard-working student. (改为感叹句)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】What a hard-working student she is! /How hard-working she is!
【解析】感叹句有What... 和How... 两种结构，在该题中，如果用What，感叹部分为What a hard-working student；而如果用How，感叹部分则为How hard-working。
感叹句记忆口诀
感叹句，并不难，what与how应在前。
形容词、副词跟着how，what后面名词连。
名词若是可数单，前带冠词a或an。
主语、谓语放后面，省略它们也常见
1. —____________ good time we had at the party last night!
—Yes. It was ____________ exciting party that I would never forget it.
A. What；so B. How；such
C. What a；such an D. How a；so an
2. ____________ the flower is! Do you know who bought it?
A. How nice B. What nice
C. What a nice D. How a nice
3. ____________ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.
A. What an interesting B. How an interesting
C. What interesting D. How interesting
4. ____________ lovely weather we are having these days!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
5. —I traveled to Africa last summer and I saw a lot of wild animals.
—____________ unforgettable experience you had!
A. What a B. How C. What an D. What
6. ____________ good advice! It’s so helpful to us.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
7. ____________ beautiful the music they are playing sounds! ____________ excellent players!
A. How；What an B. How；What
C. What；what D. What；How an
8. —Most parents are worried that their children can’t enter their ideal university in Jiang Su.
—Sure. Listen! ____________ important news report the man from Education Department is giving!
A. What an B. What C. What a D. How
1.(2019 ? 贵州省贵阳市)—Yan Ning is one of 25 foreign associates(院士) in the US National Academy of Sciences.
—___________ excellent she is!
A. What an B. What C. How
2. (2019 ? 青海省中考)___________ useful advice you gave us!
A. What B. What a C. How
3. (2019 ? 内蒙古呼和浩特市)Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. ___________ great courage he showed!
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
4. (2019 ? 湖南省邵阳市)—___________ different life is today!
—Yeah. We are all living a happy and rich life now.
A. What a B. How C. What
5. (2019 ? 海南省中考)—___________ hard-working boy Zhou Bin is!
—Yes. I’ m sure he’ll pass the test.
A. What a B. What C. How
6. (2019 ? 广西省玉林市)—Wow! ___________ clean air we have today!
—Yes. Look! A lot of adults are doing kung fu over there
A. How B. What a C. How a D. What
1. (湖北省十堰市2018届九年级5月中考模拟试卷)____________ beautiful the East lake is! Last month, President Xi showed Prime Minister Modi around the beautiful lake.
A. How a B. What C. How D. What a
2. (海南省海南中学三亚学校2018届九年级第一次中考模拟考试)Hainan will become a free trade port. ____________ exciting news it is!
A. What an B. What C. How
3. (2018年江苏省镇江市区英语二模)____________ big success the charity show was! We have raised a lot of money.
A. How B. What C. How a D. What a
4. (江苏省江阴初级中学2018届九年级下学期适应性模拟测试)____________ big success Stephen Hawking is! He’s one of the best-known scientists on space and time in the world.
A. How B. What C. How a D. What a
5. (2018届江苏连云港灌云杨集初级中学九年级下学期期中)—____________ lovely the weather is!
—Yes. ____________ good time we are having!
A. How; What B. What a; How C. How; What a D. What; What a
6. (2016届上海闵行区九年级4月质量调研)____________ useful robot it is! It can help with the housework like a human servant.
A. What B. What a C. What an D. How
7. (2016届湖北黄冈九年级中考模拟)—____________ exciting the movie Strangers on a Trainis!
—Sure, I have seen it three times.
A. What B. What an C. How D. How an
8. (2016届湖南长沙麓山国际实验学校九年级第二次模拟)____________ heavily it is raining now!
A. What B. How C. What a
9. (江苏省苏州市高新区二中2017年初三英语二模)—____________ crowded Qingliang East Road is!
—Yes, because the number of cars has kept ____________ greatly since April.
What a; rising B. How a; raising
C. How; rising D. What; raising
10. (江苏省盐城市大丰区2017届九年级第二次质量检测)—Jane won the first prize in the English speech contest.
—____________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
1. C 【解析】句意：——我们昨天晚上玩的是多么开心呀！——是的，它是如此的令人兴奋以至于我永远不会忘记它。第一句为感叹句，是对have a good time表示感叹，time为名词，所以用what来引导，第二句考查so + adj. + a/an + n. + that...或者such + a/an + adj. + n. + that句型结构，表示＂如此……以至于……＂，或者可以用so exciting a party也是可以的，故选C。
2. A 【解析】句意：多么好看的花！你知道是谁买的吗？What + (a/an) + adj. + n. + 主语 + 谓语! How + adj.(adv.)+ 主语 + 谓语! 根据句子结构判断，这应该用how来引导，故选A。
3. A 【解析】句意：她在电影中扮演了一个多么有趣的角色！难怪她得了奥斯卡奖。感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语! What+( a/an)(＋形容词)＋名词＋谓语! 所以选A。
4. A 【解析】句意：这些天天气多么好呀！这里是感叹句，感叹部分是名词短语，要用what来感叹，weather为不可数名词，所以不能用a来修饰，其结构是What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语。How后面通常修饰形容词或副词，故选A。
5. C 【解析】句意：——去年暑假我到非洲旅行，看见了许多野生动物。——你有多么难忘的经历呀！这里是考查感叹句，此处是感叹可数名词的单数，其结构是what + an/a + 形容词 + 名词的单数。所以选C。
6. C 【解析】句意：多么好的建议呀！对我们有如此大的帮助。这里是感叹不可数名词的感叹句，其结构是What + 形容词 + 不可数名词。故选C。
7. B 【解析】句意：他们演奏的音乐听起来多么的好听呀！多么好的演奏者们呀！第一个空是感叹形容词用how，其结构是How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!；第二个空是感叹名词，用what + 形容词 +名词的复数，故选B。
8. A 【解析】句意：——大多数家长担心他们的孩子不能进入他们理想的在江苏的大学。——当然。听！来自教育部门的多么的重要新闻报道！What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！news report为可数名词单数，且important以元音音素开头，前面用不定冠词an，故选A。
1. C【解析】句意：颜宁是美国国家科学院25名外籍院士之一。她是多么优秀呀！这里是感叹句，感叹名词用what，感叹形容词用how，excellent是形容词这里用how来感叹，其结构是How+形容词+主语+谓语。根据题意，故选C。
【点睛】由"how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么"，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是：
How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+...
如：① How cold it is today!
今天多么冷呀!
② How nice the pictures are!
多么漂亮的图画呀!
③ How happy they look!
他们显得多么高兴呀!
④ How well she sings!
她唱得多好呀!
⑤ How hard they are working now!
他们干得多么起劲呀!
2. A 【解析】句意：你给了我们多么有用的建议啊！分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据useful advice 可知句型结构为：What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语动词！，句中advice消息，不可数名词。故选A。
3. B【解析】句意：关董救了一位老太太走出长江。他表现出多么杰出的勇气啊！从句意知，本题考查的是感叹句，由于courage是不可数名词，因此用感叹词 What，故选B。
4. B【解析】分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据different life is today可知句型结构为：How +形容词+主语+谓语动词！different形容词，不同的， life生活，主语。故选B。
5. A【解析】分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据hard-working boy Zhou Bin is!可知句型结构为：What +a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语动词！所以选A。
6. D【解析】分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据clean air we have today可知句型结构为：What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语动词！故选D。
1. C【解析】句意：东湖多美啊！上个月，习近平主席带着莫迪总理参观了美丽的湖畔。英语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!！What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他! 句中the East lake is是主谓结构，beautiful是形容词，因此本句符合“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”故选C。
2. B【解析】句意：海南将会变成一个免费的贸易港口，这是多么令人兴奋的消息啊！这个题目考查的是感叹句，常用What和How构成，他们的句型是What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语或者What+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语；How+形容词+a/an+可数名词复数+主语+谓语或者How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。这句话中news是不可数名词，不能用不定冠词修饰，故选B。
3. D【解析】句意：慈善演出是多么成功啊！我们筹集了很多钱。考查感叹句。感叹句通常有以下形式：1.How+形容词〔或副词〕+S+V…!2. What a/an +形容词+名词+S+V…! 若名词为不可数或复数的话，就不能用不定冠词。3. How+形容词+ a/an +名词+S+V…!本句big success是形容词短语，big以辅音音素开头，需用what a +形容词+名词+S+V…!结构。根据句意语境，可知选D。
4. D【解析】句意：——史蒂芬.霍金是多么大的成功啊！——他是世界上最著名的空间和时间科学家之一。考查感叹句。根据big success可知，感叹句修饰的中心词是名词，根据感叹句的句式：What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！可知应用what来引导，success是可数名词单数形式，而big是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以前面的冠词用a，故答案选D。
5. C【解析】考查感叹句。句意：天气多好啊！我们玩得多开心啊！本题考查感叹句，How后面修饰形容词或者副词；what 修饰名词，第二句使用了固定短语have a good time玩得高兴，故感叹词应该用what a。他们的句型是How +形容词+主语+谓语；What a +形容词+名词+主语+谓语。故选D。
6. B 【解析】句意：它是多么有用的机器人啊！它能像人类的仆人帮助干家务。How引导感叹句后面跟
形容词或副词原形，构成：how + 形容词或副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ What引导感叹句，后面跟名词，构成：(1)what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！(2)what+形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!本句中 useful robot it is!的中心词是名词，useful以辅音音素开头，结合句意和语境可知选B。
7. C 【解析】句意：——电影Strangers on a Trainis!真是让人激动啊！——当然了，我已经看过三次了。因为修饰形容词，用how；修饰名词或名词的短语，用what。本题感叹的是形容词，故选C。
8. B 【解析】句意：现在雨下的是多么大呀！这里是感叹副词，用how来感叹；How + 形容词或副词 +主语 + 谓语。故选B。
9. C【解析】句意：——清凉东路是多么拥挤！——是的，因为自四月以来，汽车的数量一直在大幅度增长。What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数+ 主语 + 谓语！How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！crowded为形容词，符合How引导的感叹句，首先排除A，D；How后跟形容词或副词，故B答案也不对，答案为C。
10. C【解析】考查感叹句的用法。句意：——Jane在英语演讲比赛中得了第一名。——她取得了多么大的进步啊！她过去英语很差。根据big progress she has made!可知这里考查了感叹句，本句的中心词是progress，它是一个不可数名词，big是一个形容词，在这里修饰progress，根据What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!故选C。
