【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题25 祈使句和倒装句知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（学生版）
命题趋势：
在近五年中考题中，对祈使句的考查在单项选择等题型中有所体现，侧重考查考生的综合运用能力。
中考考查重点：
1. 否定的祈使句；
2. 以let开头的祈使句；
3. 祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换；
4. 祈使句的应答语。
考向一：祈使句的基本用法
祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语，谓语动词用原形。
1. 肯定的祈使句
①句型：动词原形＋其他成分。
Be careful! 小心！
②＂Do＋祈使句＂表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。
③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。
Close the door, please. 请关门。
2. 否定的祈使句
①常用句型：Don’t＋动词原形＋其他成分。
Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了！
②用Never开头：Never＋动词原形＋其他成分。
Never leave today’s work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天！
3. Let引导的祈使句
以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种：Let...not或Don’t...
Let us not be late. 让我们不要迟到。
Don’t let the boy play football in the street. 不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。
1. —Mark, please don’t play basketball on the road. It’s very dangerous.
—____________. I am going home at once.
A. Have a great time B. Sorry, I won’t do that
C. I’d like to D. OK, with pleasure
2. ____________ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there.
A. Not B. Not too C. Don’t D. Don’t to
3. —Look at the sign; what does it mean?
—It means＂____________＂.
A. Don’t talking B. No talking C. Not talk
考向二：祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换
1. ＂Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他＂可转换为＂Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他? ＂。
Let’s go fishing this afternoon.
=Shall we go fishing this afternoon?
2. ＂祈使句 + and/or + 简单句＂可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。
Use your head, and you’ll find a way.
=If you use your head, you’ll find a way.
Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
=If we don’t hurry up, we’ll be late.
____________ a dairy every day and you’ll improve your writing.
A. Keeping B. To keep C. Keep D. If you keep
考向三：祈使句的应答语
1. 以Let’s开头的祈使句，其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, I’d love to. 等。
—Let’s go to the park. 让我们去公园吧。
—Good idea. 好主意。
2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will. ；否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I won’t(do it again). 。
—It’s going to rain. Remember to take an umbrella with you. 就要下雨了。记着带上雨伞。
—Thanks, I will. 谢谢，我会的。
—Don’t play with my cat. 不要和我的猫玩。
—Sorry, I won’t do it again. 对不起，我将不再那样做了。
—Wish you good luck in the entrance exam.
—____________. The same to you.
A. Thank you B. See you C. I’m sorry to hear that
祈使句用法口诀
祈使句，无主语，动词开头就可以。
表示请求或命令，加上please表客气。
要想变成否定句，Don’t开头别忘记。
1. Cindy, ____________ sure to be here at 8:00 o’clock tomorrow morning.
A. is B. are C. will be D. be
2. —Jack, ____________ play the violin here. We’re talking now.
—Sorry, I won’t.
A. doesn’t B. not C. don’t D. no
3. Mary, ____________ here — everybody else, stay where you are.
A. coming B. comes C. to come D. come
4. As we all know, life is short but amazing. ____________ it!
A. Enjoy B. To enjoy C. Enjoying D. Enjoyed
5. —____________ listen to music in class.
—Sorry, I won’t do it again.
A. Let’s B. Don’t C. Please D. Why not
6. —Jack, don’t always copy what others do. ____________ your head, please.
—Thanks for telling me.
A. Using B. Used C. Uses D. Use
1.(2019 ? 青海省中考)___________ on the grass. It’s a rule of the park.
A. Step B. Don’ t step C. To step
2. (2019 ? 内蒙古呼和浩特市)___________ me an email before you come to Hohhot, and I’ll meet you at the train station.
A. Send B. Sending C. To send D. Sent
3. (2019 ? 甘肃省天水市)—Peter has made great progress in English recently.
—___________. He has been studying so hard these days.
A. So have he B. So he has C. So he have D. So has he
4.(2019 ? 四川省眉山市)____________ noise pollution, and we can live in a quiet environment.
A. Prevent B. Preventing C. Prevented D. To prevent
5. (2019 ? 湖北省宜昌市)—More and more people prefer to walk rather than ride in cars.
— . Walking is good for health.
A. So they are B. So are they C. So they do D. So do they
1.(2016届上海闵行区九年级4月质量调研)____________ here quickly, Alice. I have something exciting to tell you.
A. Coming B. Comes C. Come D. To come
2.(2016届内蒙古乌海二十二中九年级上期中)—I’m worried about my English.
—____________ harder, ____________ you will catch up with your classmates.
A. Working；and B. To work；or
C. Work；and D. Worked；or
3.(2016届湖南省邵阳县九年级中考调研)Don’t ____________ late for class.
A. being B. be C. to be
4.(2016届上海杨浦区九年级上期末质量调研)Please ____________ fruits and vegetables in a basin!
A. wash B. washing C. to wash D. washed
5.(2016学年广西北海合浦县五中七年级下期中考试)Tony, ____________ play with the mobile phone while you’re walking in the street.
A. don’t B. doesn’t C. won’t D. can’t
6. (2016届上海嘉定九年级上学期期末)＂Tom, ____________ rubbish into the river. You’re polluting it.＂said Mrs White.
A. not throw B. don’t throw
C. not to throw D. never to throw
7. (2016届甘肃定西市通渭县榜罗中学九年级12月月考)____________ cross the road before the traffic lights turn green.
A. Not B. Won’t C. Don’t D. Doesn’t
8.(2016届山西大同一中初三上期阶段性学业水平测试)____________ that I couldn’t see the magician’s performance myself. My parents don’t allow me to go outside alone.
A. Be sure B. It’s a pity C. Make sure
倒装句
命题趋势：
倒装句是英语中常见的句式。对于倒装句，主要考查学生在特定的结构中正确使用部分倒装和完全倒装，以及＂so+助动词/情态动/系动词+主语＂的用法。
中考考查重点：
倒装句的构成和用法。
倒装句
倒装作为一种语法现象，主要包括完全倒装(有的书称之为全部倒装)和部分倒装(有的书称之为半倒装或不完全例装)两种。完全倒装就是把谓语动词完全放在主语之前，而部分倒装就是把助动词、系动词或情态动词提到主语之前。
考向一：部分倒装
倒装条件
例句
一般疑问句中，将助动词放到主语之前，构成部分倒装。
Do you like eating apples?你喜欢吃苹果吗？
特殊疑问句中，疑问词作宾语、表语或状语，需要将其置于句首，将助动词置于主语前构成部分倒装。
Where have you been these days?这些天你到哪里去了？
"only+状语/状语从句＂位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
Only in this way can you improve your grade. 只有用这种方法你才能提高自己的成绩。
表示否定意义的词或短语，如little, hardly, never, in no case, seldom等，放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
Hardly a day goes by without a visit from someone. 几乎没有一天没有来访者。
虚拟条件句中，从句谓语部分中有were, had或should可省略if，把were，had或should提到主语前。
Should we succeed, we would be rich. 我们一旦成功就发财了。
" so... that...＂句型中，"so+adj. /adv.＂位于句首时。
So fast did he run that we couldn’t catch up with him. 他跑得如此快，以至于我们赶不上他。
表示＂也(不) ……＂的句式，即＂so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语＂形式。
I don’t like it; neither do I care it. 我不喜欢它，也不在意它。
某些含有否定含义的词位于句首时，如not only…but also，hardly…when，no…sooner…than, not…until等，主句用部分倒装。
Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。
may表示祝愿时用部分倒装。
May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快！
【易错警示】
1.特殊疑问句中，如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，则不用倒装。
Who knows the answer to this question?谁知道这个问题的答案？
2. ＂so+主语+谓语＂结构不用倒装。
—Jimmy is good at playing football. 吉米足球踢得很好。
—So he is. 的确。
—Kunming is really a comfortable city to live in.
—________________. The weather is pleasant.
A. So it is B. So is it C. So it does D. So does it
考向二：完全倒装
倒装条件
例句
表示方位、地点、时间、次序的词，如in, out,
up, there, then, here, first等放在句首，若主
语是名词而不是代词时，句子用完全倒装
Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。
Here he comes. 他来了。
分词短语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装
Lying on the couch is an old lady. 躺在睡椅上的是一位老太太。
There be句型是全倒装的一种
There are a number of teachers and students in the school. 在这所学校有很多老师和学生。
作表语的such位于句首时
Such are the most powerful voices of our times!这些就是我们时代的最强音!
【巧学助记】全部倒装并不难，需要记住这几点；位置副词there句首，表语such提句前，介词短语表地点，全部倒装谓在前。
1. —I have read the book Sence and Sensibility.
— ________________.
A. So have I B. Neither have I C. So I have
2. —I’m not going swimming this afternoon.
—________________. I have to help my mother do some cleaning.
A. So am I B. So I am C. Neither am I D. Neither I
【辨析】so＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语和neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语的区别
区别
so＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语
依附于肯定句，表示前边的肯定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为＂……也……＂。
neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语
依附于否定句，表示前边的否定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为＂……也不……＂。
Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann.汤姆昨晚看电视了，安也看了。
Mary didn’t watch TV last night, neither did Jim.玛丽昨晚没有看电视，吉姆也没看。
【注意】若对前面所说的事实加以肯定时，应用＂so＋主语＋be/助动词/情态动词＂。此时前后两个句子的主语为同一个人或物。
这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意思是＂某人(物)也(不)是这样＂。这种结构中的＂助动词/be动词/情态动词＂在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复数形式则由后句的主语决定。
Lucy is a good student, so is Lily. 露西是个好学生，莉莉也是。
1. It is important ________________ people ________________ learn team spirit.
A. of; of B. of; to C. for, to D. to; to
2. It’s a long time ago ________________ I saw you last time.
A. when B. since C. for D. that
3. It’s time ________________.
A. to go to home B. to go home
C. going to home D. going home
4. ________________ important to learn English well.
A. That’s B. It’s C. It has D. That has
5. It was because I was caught in the traffic jam ________________ I came to school late this morning.
A. which B. when C. what D. that
6. Great changes have taken place since then in the primary school ________________I am studying.
A. where B. that C. which D. there
7. It was because I like you ________________ I speak out frankly.
A. that B. why C. because D. who
8. I didn’t know it was Sunday ________________ I got to school.
A. because B. when C. after D. until
9. ________________ is important for all of us ________________ English loudly in the morning.
A. It; to read B. That; to read C. It; reading D. That; reading
10. —It was ________________ who helped us out of danger.
—What brave and helpful children! We should learn from them.
A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
11. —Peter doesn’t know many people here.
—________________.
A. So do I B. So am I
C. Neither am I D. Neither do I
12. Between the two hills ________________ a deep river.
A. are B. have C. has D. is
13. I never go to school late; ________________.
A. so does Tom B. neither does Tom
C. so Tom does D. neither Tom does
14. —Our town has changed a lot in the last few years.
—________________.
A. So theirs did B. So has theirs
C. So theirs has D. So did theirs
15. —I’m not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.
—________________. I have to clean up my bedroom.
A. So am I B. Neither am I
C. Neither I am D. So I am
1. (2018 ? 甘肃兰州中考)Only yesterday ________________ find out that his purse was lost.
A. he was B. was he C. did he D. he did
2. (2018 ? 东营中考)There ________________ six countries in SCO(上合组织) at first, but now the number has increased to eight.
A. is B. are C. were D. will be
3.(2016 ? 贵州黔西南)—Lucy is quite a lovely girl.
—________________.
A. So is she B. So she is
C. So does she D. So she does
4. (2016 ? 兰州中考)I ________________ you can finish the exam in two hours.
A. does believe B. do believe
C. did believed D.do believed
5. —Peter shut his mouth at the meeting all the time. How about Tom?
—________________.
A. He does so B. He did so C. So does he D. So did he
6. －I haven’t seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On stranger Tides.
－________________.
A. Neither have I B. So have I C. Neither I have D. So I have
7. —I have changed my job.
—________________.
A. So do I B. So have I C. So I do D. So I have
8. —Peter, I will visit our teacher this Sunday.
—________________. Let’s go together.
A. Nor do I B.I will so C. So will I
9. —Mr. Brown is a hardworking man and he has achieved great success.
—________________
A. So is Mr. Green. B. So has Mr. Green. C. It’s the same with Mr. Green.
10.(2017 ? 江苏省宿迁市中考)—I don’t like horror films. They’re terrible.
—________________
A. Either I do. B. Neither I do. C. Either do I. D. Neither do I.
1. ________________ is important for all of us ________________ English loudly in the morning.
A. It; to read B. That; to read C. It; reading D. That; reading
2. (2016 ? 山东省宁津县实验中学初三第二次月考)It was because I like you ________________ I speak out frankly.
A. that B. why C. because D. who
3. (2015 ? 浙江省杭州市十三中教育集团初三中考二模)Great changes have taken place since then in the primary school ________________ I am studying.
A. where B. that C. which D. there
4. (2015 ? 重庆市江津第六中学初三中考模拟)—I hope to visit Beijing one day.
—________________.
A. So I do B. So do I C. Yes, I hope to do D. Yes, I will
5. (2016 ? 江苏省盐城市解放路学校中考仿真考试)—Jim and I will go to the post office this afternoon.
—________________. ________________ go together?
A. So I do; Why don’t B. So do I; What about
C. So I will; How about D. So will I; Shall we
【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题25 祈使句和倒装句知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（解析版）
命题趋势：
在近五年中考题中，对祈使句的考查在单项选择等题型中有所体现，侧重考查考生的综合运用能力。
中考考查重点：
1. 否定的祈使句；
2. 以let开头的祈使句；
3. 祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换；
4. 祈使句的应答语。
考向一：祈使句的基本用法
祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语，谓语动词用原形。
1. 肯定的祈使句
①句型：动词原形＋其他成分。
Be careful! 小心！
②＂Do＋祈使句＂表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。
③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。
Close the door, please. 请关门。
2. 否定的祈使句
①常用句型：Don’t＋动词原形＋其他成分。
Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了！
②用Never开头：Never＋动词原形＋其他成分。
Never leave today’s work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天！
3. Let引导的祈使句
以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种：Let...not或Don’t...
Let us not be late. 让我们不要迟到。
Don’t let the boy play football in the street. 不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。
1. —Mark, please don’t play basketball on the road. It’s very dangerous.
—____________. I am going home at once.
A. Have a great time B. Sorry, I won’t do that
C. I’d like to D. OK, with pleasure
【答案】B
【解析】对今后不要做某事的命令或请求表示接受时，回答要用否定的将来时。
2. ____________ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there.
A. Not B. Not too C. Don’t D. Don’t to
【答案】C
【解析】祈使句的否定形式是在句子前面加don’t，故选C。
3. —Look at the sign; what does it mean?
—It means＂____________＂.
A. Don’t talking B. No talking C. Not talk
【答案】B
【解析】表示＂不要说话＂可以使用Don’t talk. 或No talking. 两种形式，因此选B项。
考向二：祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换
1. ＂Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他＂可转换为＂Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他? ＂。
Let’s go fishing this afternoon.
=Shall we go fishing this afternoon?
2. ＂祈使句 + and/or + 简单句＂可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。
Use your head, and you’ll find a way.
=If you use your head, you’ll find a way.
Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
=If we don’t hurry up, we’ll be late.
____________ a dairy every day and you’ll improve your writing.
A. Keeping B. To keep C. Keep D. If you keep
【答案】C
【解析】句意：每天记日记，那么你将会提高你的写作水平。祈使句(动词原形居首) + and you will... 意为＂做……，你就会……＂。故选C。
考向三：祈使句的应答语
1. 以Let’s开头的祈使句，其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, I’d love to. 等。
—Let’s go to the park. 让我们去公园吧。
—Good idea. 好主意。
2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will. ；否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I won’t(do it again). 。
—It’s going to rain. Remember to take an umbrella with you. 就要下雨了。记着带上雨伞。
—Thanks, I will. 谢谢，我会的。
—Don’t play with my cat. 不要和我的猫玩。
—Sorry, I won’t do it again. 对不起，我将不再那样做了。
—Wish you good luck in the entrance exam.
—____________. The same to you.
A. Thank you B. See you C. I’m sorry to hear that
【答案】A
【解析】对别人的美好祝愿应表示感谢。故选A。
祈使句用法口诀
祈使句，无主语，动词开头就可以。
表示请求或命令，加上please表客气。
要想变成否定句，Don’t开头别忘记。
1. Cindy, ____________ sure to be here at 8:00 o’clock tomorrow morning.
A. is B. are C. will be D. be
2. —Jack, ____________ play the violin here. We’re talking now.
—Sorry, I won’t.
A. doesn’t B. not C. don’t D. no
3. Mary, ____________ here — everybody else, stay where you are.
A. coming B. comes C. to come D. come
4. As we all know, life is short but amazing. ____________ it!
A. Enjoy B. To enjoy C. Enjoying D. Enjoyed
5. —____________ listen to music in class.
—Sorry, I won’t do it again.
A. Let’s B. Don’t C. Please D. Why not
6. —Jack, don’t always copy what others do. ____________ your head, please.
—Thanks for telling me.
A. Using B. Used C. Uses D. Use
1.(2019 ? 青海省中考)___________ on the grass. It’s a rule of the park.
A. Step B. Don’ t step C. To step
2. (2019 ? 内蒙古呼和浩特市)___________ me an email before you come to Hohhot, and I’ll meet you at the train station.
A. Send B. Sending C. To send D. Sent
3. (2019 ? 甘肃省天水市)—Peter has made great progress in English recently.
—___________. He has been studying so hard these days.
A. So have he B. So he has C. So he have D. So has he
4.(2019 ? 四川省眉山市)____________ noise pollution, and we can live in a quiet environment.
A. Prevent B. Preventing C. Prevented D. To prevent
5. (2019 ? 湖北省宜昌市)—More and more people prefer to walk rather than ride in cars.
— . Walking is good for health.
A. So they are B. So are they C. So they do D. So do they
1.(2016届上海闵行区九年级4月质量调研)____________ here quickly, Alice. I have something exciting to tell you.
A. Coming B. Comes C. Come D. To come
2.(2016届内蒙古乌海二十二中九年级上期中)—I’m worried about my English.
—____________ harder, ____________ you will catch up with your classmates.
A. Working；and B. To work；or
C. Work；and D. Worked；or
3.(2016届湖南省邵阳县九年级中考调研)Don’t ____________ late for class.
A. being B. be C. to be
4.(2016届上海杨浦区九年级上期末质量调研)Please ____________ fruits and vegetables in a basin!
A. wash B. washing C. to wash D. washed
5.(2016学年广西北海合浦县五中七年级下期中考试)Tony, ____________ play with the mobile phone while you’re walking in the street.
A. don’t B. doesn’t C. won’t D. can’t
6. (2016届上海嘉定九年级上学期期末)＂Tom, ____________ rubbish into the river. You’re polluting it.＂said Mrs White.
A. not throw B. don’t throw
C. not to throw D. never to throw
7. (2016届甘肃定西市通渭县榜罗中学九年级12月月考)____________ cross the road before the traffic lights turn green.
A. Not B. Won’t C. Don’t D. Doesn’t
8.(2016届山西大同一中初三上期阶段性学业水平测试)____________ that I couldn’t see the magician’s performance myself. My parents don’t allow me to go outside alone.
A. Be sure B. It’s a pity C. Make sure
1. D 【解析】考查固定短语及祈使句。句意：Cindy，明天上午8点一定来这儿。be sure to do sth表示一定做某事。故选D。
2. C 【解析】句意：——Jack，不要在这儿拉小琴，我们正在交谈。——对不起。我不会了。根据语境可知是祈使句，否定祈使句是Don’t + 动词的原形。故选C。
3. D 【解析】句意：玛丽，你过来——其他每个人都待在原处。本句是祈使句，要用动词原形，所以选D。
4. A 【解析】句意：正如我们所知，生命是短暂的但又神奇的。享受生命吧！动词原形开头的是祈使句，表示劝告或者命令的语气。enjoy 动词原形；to enjoy动词不定式；enjoying动名词；enjoyed动词过去式。故选A。
5. B 【解析】本题考查祈使句的否定形式。句意：——不要在课堂上听音乐。——对不起，我不会再这么做。根据答语可知上句是否定的祈使句，故选B。
6. D 【解析】句意：——杰克，不要总是抄袭别人做的，请动动你的脑筋。——谢谢你告诉我。use意为＂用，使用＂，use one’s head意为＂动脑筋＂，为固定短语；这是一个肯定的祈使句，要用动词原形，故选D。
1. B 【解析】根据句意：别踩草地，这是公园的规矩. 可知句子是否定祈使句，用don’t+动词原形开头。故选B。
2. A【解析】根据句意：你来呼和浩特之前给我发一封电子邮件，我在火车站等你。可知句子 是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。
3. B【解析】句意：——彼得最近在英语方面取得重大进步。——的确如此。他这些天一直在努力学习。so +助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语，表示前面所说的情况也适合后者，意思是＂……也是＂，前后句的主语不同；so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词，表示对前面情况的一种肯定，意思是＂的确如此＂。根据＂He has been studying so hard these days.＂可知近来彼得取得了很大进步，在这里要表示确实是这样，用so+主语+谓语，排除C,D；句子的时态是现在完成时，主语是he，所以用has，故答案为B。
4. A【解析】考查动词形式辨析。句意：防止噪音污染，我们可以生活在一个安静的环境里。本句是＂祈使句+ and +陈述句＂固定结构，祈使句相当于条件句；祈使句省略主语you，直接以动词原形开头，故选A。
5. C【解析】句意：——越来越多的人宁愿走路也不愿坐车。——确实如此，步行对健康有好处。考查倒装句。＂So+助动词/系动词+主语＂是部分倒装结构，表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者；后一句子若只是重复前句的意思，主语仍是上文的人或物，表示对上文所讲事实的肯定或强调，则用＂So +主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词＂结构。上句prefer to walk是动词短语，本句需用相应的助动词，可排除系词are；根据Walking is good for health.可知这里是重复前句的意思，为加强语气，需用＂So +主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词＂结构，故选C。
1. C 【解析】句意：快来这里，爱丽丝。我有激动人心的事要告诉你。祈使句有肯定祈使句和否定祈使句，肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，否定祈使句以don’t+动词原形开头，结合句意和语境可知选C。
2. C 【解析】句意：——我担心我的英语。——努力学习吧，你会赶上你的同学的。＂祈使句 + and + 陈述句＂表示递进，做了前面的事，就会有后面的结果；＂祈使句 + or + 陈述句＂表示转折，做了(不做)前者，就不会有后面的结果。故选C。
3. B 【解析】句意：上课不要迟到。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查祈使句，祈使句是以动词原形开头，否定句在前面加don’t，所以应选B。
4. A 【解析】句意：请在一个盆里洗蔬菜和水果。本题是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。
5. A 【解析】句意：托尼，当你走在街上的时候不要玩手机。don’t 不要；doesn’t用于主语是第三人称单数的时候；won’t不会，是will not的缩写；can’t不能，不会。这是一个祈使句，托尼并不是句子的主语，而且是否定的祈使句，故在句首应该用don’t，选A。
6. B 【解析】句意：＂汤姆，不要向河里扔垃圾。你在污染它。＂怀特夫人说。根据句意及题干分析此题应用祈使句，其否定句是在动词原形前加don’t，故选B。
7. C 【解析】句意：交通灯转绿前不要穿过公路。这是一个祈使句，祈使句的否定形式是在句首加don’t，故选C。
8. B 【解析】句意：很可惜我不能亲自去看那个魔术师的表演了。我的父母不允许我独自出外。Be sure确保；it’s a pity很可惜；make sure保证。故选B。
倒装句
命题趋势：
倒装句是英语中常见的句式。对于倒装句，主要考查学生在特定的结构中正确使用部分倒装和完全倒装，以及＂so+助动词/情态动/系动词+主语＂的用法。
中考考查重点：
倒装句的构成和用法。
倒装句
倒装作为一种语法现象，主要包括完全倒装(有的书称之为全部倒装)和部分倒装(有的书称之为半倒装或不完全例装)两种。完全倒装就是把谓语动词完全放在主语之前，而部分倒装就是把助动词、系动词或情态动词提到主语之前。
考向一：部分倒装
倒装条件
例句
一般疑问句中，将助动词放到主语之前，构成部分倒装。
Do you like eating apples?你喜欢吃苹果吗？
特殊疑问句中，疑问词作宾语、表语或状语，需要将其置于句首，将助动词置于主语前构成部分倒装。
Where have you been these days?这些天你到哪里去了？
"only+状语/状语从句＂位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
Only in this way can you improve your grade. 只有用这种方法你才能提高自己的成绩。
表示否定意义的词或短语，如little, hardly, never, in no case, seldom等，放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
Hardly a day goes by without a visit from someone. 几乎没有一天没有来访者。
虚拟条件句中，从句谓语部分中有were, had或should可省略if，把were，had或should提到主语前。
Should we succeed, we would be rich. 我们一旦成功就发财了。
" so... that...＂句型中，"so+adj. /adv.＂位于句首时。
So fast did he run that we couldn’t catch up with him. 他跑得如此快，以至于我们赶不上他。
表示＂也(不) ……＂的句式，即＂so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语＂形式。
I don’t like it; neither do I care it. 我不喜欢它，也不在意它。
某些含有否定含义的词位于句首时，如not only…but also，hardly…when，no…sooner…than, not…until等，主句用部分倒装。
Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。
may表示祝愿时用部分倒装。
May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快！
【易错警示】
1.特殊疑问句中，如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，则不用倒装。
Who knows the answer to this question?谁知道这个问题的答案？
2. ＂so+主语+谓语＂结构不用倒装。
—Jimmy is good at playing football. 吉米足球踢得很好。
—So he is. 的确。
—Kunming is really a comfortable city to live in.
—________________. The weather is pleasant.
A. So it is B. So is it C. So it does D. So does it
【答案】A
【解析】句意：昆明真是个非常舒服的居住城市。答语表示＂昆明的确如此＂，要用＂so+主语+谓语＂结构，即so it is。
考向二：完全倒装
倒装条件
例句
表示方位、地点、时间、次序的词，如in, out,
up, there, then, here, first等放在句首，若主
语是名词而不是代词时，句子用完全倒装
Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。
Here he comes. 他来了。
分词短语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装
Lying on the couch is an old lady. 躺在睡椅上的是一位老太太。
There be句型是全倒装的一种
There are a number of teachers and students in the school. 在这所学校有很多老师和学生。
作表语的such位于句首时
Such are the most powerful voices of our times!这些就是我们时代的最强音!
【巧学助记】全部倒装并不难，需要记住这几点；位置副词there句首，表语such提句前，介词短语表地点，全部倒装谓在前。
1. —I have read the book Sence and Sensibility.
— ________________.
A. So have I B. Neither have I C. So I have
【答案】A
【解析】答语表示＂我也读过这本书＂，用＂so+助动词+主语＂结构，即So have I。
2. —I’m not going swimming this afternoon.
—________________. I have to help my mother do some cleaning.
A. So am I B. So I am C. Neither am I D. Neither I
【答案】C
【解析】由答语后半句可知，此处表示＂我也不去＂，故要用＂neither + be+主语＂结构，故选C。
【辨析】so＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语和neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语的区别
区别
so＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语
依附于肯定句，表示前边的肯定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为＂……也……＂。
neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语
依附于否定句，表示前边的否定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为＂……也不……＂。
Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann.汤姆昨晚看电视了，安也看了。
Mary didn’t watch TV last night, neither did Jim.玛丽昨晚没有看电视，吉姆也没看。
【注意】若对前面所说的事实加以肯定时，应用＂so＋主语＋be/助动词/情态动词＂。此时前后两个句子的主语为同一个人或物。
这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意思是＂某人(物)也(不)是这样＂。这种结构中的＂助动词/be动词/情态动词＂在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复数形式则由后句的主语决定。
Lucy is a good student, so is Lily. 露西是个好学生，莉莉也是。
1. It is important ________________ people ________________ learn team spirit.
A. of; of B. of; to C. for, to D. to; to
2. It’s a long time ago ________________ I saw you last time.
A. when B. since C. for D. that
3. It’s time ________________.
A. to go to home B. to go home
C. going to home D. going home
4. ________________ important to learn English well.
A. That’s B. It’s C. It has D. That has
5. It was because I was caught in the traffic jam ________________ I came to school late this morning.
A. which B. when C. what D. that
6. Great changes have taken place since then in the primary school ________________I am studying.
A. where B. that C. which D. there
7. It was because I like you ________________ I speak out frankly.
A. that B. why C. because D. who
8. I didn’t know it was Sunday ________________ I got to school.
A. because B. when C. after D. until
9. ________________ is important for all of us ________________ English loudly in the morning.
A. It; to read B. That; to read C. It; reading D. That; reading
10. —It was ________________ who helped us out of danger.
—What brave and helpful children! We should learn from them.
A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
11. —Peter doesn’t know many people here.
—________________.
A. So do I B. So am I
C. Neither am I D. Neither do I
12. Between the two hills ________________ a deep river.
A. are B. have C. has D. is
13. I never go to school late; ________________.
A. so does Tom B. neither does Tom
C. so Tom does D. neither Tom does
14. —Our town has changed a lot in the last few years.
—________________.
A. So theirs did B. So has theirs
C. So theirs has D. So did theirs
15. —I’m not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.
—________________. I have to clean up my bedroom.
A. So am I B. Neither am I
C. Neither I am D. So I am
1. (2018 ? 甘肃兰州中考)Only yesterday ________________ find out that his purse was lost.
A. he was B. was he C. did he D. he did
2. (2018 ? 东营中考)There ________________ six countries in SCO(上合组织) at first, but now the number has increased to eight.
A. is B. are C. were D. will be
3.(2016 ? 贵州黔西南)—Lucy is quite a lovely girl.
—________________.
A. So is she B. So she is
C. So does she D. So she does
4. (2016 ? 兰州中考)I ________________ you can finish the exam in two hours.
A. does believe B. do believe
C. did believed D.do believed
5. —Peter shut his mouth at the meeting all the time. How about Tom?
—________________.
A. He does so B. He did so C. So does he D. So did he
6. －I haven’t seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On stranger Tides.
－________________.
A. Neither have I B. So have I C. Neither I have D. So I have
7. —I have changed my job.
—________________.
A. So do I B. So have I C. So I do D. So I have
8. —Peter, I will visit our teacher this Sunday.
—________________. Let’s go together.
A. Nor do I B.I will so C. So will I
9. —Mr. Brown is a hardworking man and he has achieved great success.
—________________
A. So is Mr. Green. B. So has Mr. Green. C. It’s the same with Mr. Green.
10.(2017 ? 江苏省宿迁市中考)—I don’t like horror films. They’re terrible.
—________________
A. Either I do. B. Neither I do. C. Either do I. D. Neither do I.
1. ________________ is important for all of us ________________ English loudly in the morning.
A. It; to read B. That; to read C. It; reading D. That; reading
2. (2016 ? 山东省宁津县实验中学初三第二次月考)It was because I like you ________________ I speak out frankly.
A. that B. why C. because D. who
3. (2015 ? 浙江省杭州市十三中教育集团初三中考二模)Great changes have taken place since then in the primary school ________________ I am studying.
A. where B. that C. which D. there
4. (2015 ? 重庆市江津第六中学初三中考模拟)—I hope to visit Beijing one day.
—________________.
A. So I do B. So do I C. Yes, I hope to do D. Yes, I will
5. (2016 ? 江苏省盐城市解放路学校中考仿真考试)—Jim and I will go to the post office this afternoon.
—________________. ________________ go together?
A. So I do; Why don’t B. So do I; What about
C. So I will; How about D. So will I; Shall we
1. C【解析】it可指代下文内容作形式主语，其主要有两种形式：1. It’s + 形容词 + of + sb + to do sth.这个句型，形容词一般为sb.的所具有的一种品质性格。2. It’s + 形容词 + for + sb + to do sth.这个句型，形容词不是sb.所具备的品质性格。句意：对于人们来说，学会团队精神很重要。故选C。
2. D【解析】考查固定句型。It is ... that...＂正是……＂，是强调句型，可以强调除谓语意外的成分；强调句型去掉后，不影响句意。句意：就在很久以前，我最后一次见你。故选D。
3. B【解析】It’s time to do表示该到做某事的时候了，go home表示回家的意思，故选B。
4. B【解析】It is + adj.+ to do sth. 是常用句型，it作形式主语。本句需要用形式主语，故选B。
5. D【解析】本题考查强调句。这是一个强调句型It is...that...结构，强调原因状语，故选D。句意：今天早上我来学习迟到是因为我陷于交通阻塞。
6. B【解析】本题考查定语从句。句中先行词为the primary school，在从句中作介词in的宾语。句意：自从我在那个小学学习，已经发生了巨大的变化。
7. A【解析】本题考查的是强调结构。强调结构为It is/was...that...，本题强调状语。句意：我坦率的讲是因为我喜欢你。
8. D【解析】考查连词。because因为，when当什么时候，after在……之后，until直到。句意：直到我到了学校我才知道是星期日。not...until...直到……才……，故选D。
9. A【解析】考查句型：It is + 形容词+ for sb. to do对某人来说做什么事情是……的。句意：对我们所有的人来说每天早晨大声读英语是非常重要的。故选A。
10. A【解析】英语中为了表达的正式，这时应用主格的代词。本句的意思是＂是他帮我们脱离危险的＂。故选B。
11. D【解析】上句是否定句，故下句应由neither引导，结合上句的谓语动词为doesn’t know可知用do。
12. D【解析】本句考查倒装句，结合英语提示可知正确语序为＂A deep river is between the two hills.＂意为
＂在这两座山之间有一条河。＂
13. B【解析】＂neither+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语＂，表示前面所述的否定情况也适合后者，而且前后主语不是同一个人或物。
14. B【解析】句意：——最近几年我们的城镇已经发生了很大变化。——他们的也是。上句的谓语动词是has changed，助动词是has，表示＂……也是＂用so+助动词+主语，故选B。
15. B【解析】句意：——明天下午我不去游泳。——我也不去。我不得不打扫我的卧室。neither + 助动词 + 主语表示＂……也不＂。
1. C【解析】句意：昨天他才发现钱包丢了。find out发现，为动词词组，was后面不能跟动词原形，排除A、B；当句首状语由＂only +副词＂，＂only +介词词组＂，＂only +状语从句＂构成时，句子须倒装。故选C。
2. C【解析】句意：上合组织最初有六个国家，但现在已经增加到八个。at first最初，此处是指过去的时间，故时态为一般过去时，答案为C。
【点睛】
There be 句型是英语中常用句型，意思是＂有＂，表示＂人或事物的存在＂。There be 后面的名词是句子的主语，属倒装结构。因此要表达＂某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人＂的时候常用＂There be + 名词+ 地点(时间)这一句型。There be 句型的时态要通过be体现出来，如：There is an apple on the table. (一般现在时)桌子上有一个苹果。There were many people in the park last Sunday.(一般过去时) 上个星期天公园里有许多人。There will be an important football match tonight.(一般将来时) 今晚将有一场重要的足球比赛。
3. B【解析】句意：——露西是相当可爱的一个女孩。——她确实是。So+谓语+主语，跟在肯定的陈述句的后面，表示另一个人/物也……；So+主语+谓语，跟在肯定的陈述句的后面，表示前陈述句的主语确实……。本题后句强调露西确实是一位好女孩，用＂So+主语+谓语＂结构，前句谓语是be动词，后句也用be。故选B。
4. B【解析】句意：我确实相信两个小时内能完成考试。这里用来强调，句子的主语是第一人称，所以谓语动词不能用单数，故排除A；did后用动词原形；do后用动词原形，故选B。
5. D【解析】句意：——在会上，彼得一直闭口不言，汤姆呢？——他也是。上句讲述的是过去发生的事情，故选D。
6. A【解析】考查倒装句。neither+系动词(助动词或情态动词)＋主语表达否定，意为＂另一者也不……＂。so+系动词(助动词或情态动词)＋主语，表示＂另一者也……＂。根据句意＂我从没看过电影《加勒比海盗：惊涛怪浪》可知，答语为＂我也没看过＂，故选A。
7. B【解析】倒装句的用法。答句意为＂我也改变了工作＂，上句是由have构成的完成时态，因此答句由have/ has构成完全倒装句，故选B。
8. C【解析】考查倒装句。So+系动词(助动词或情态动词)＋主语，表示＂另一者也……＂。
9. C【解析】考查倒装句的用法。当表示前面所说的话也适合后面的人或物时，要用倒装句式：＂so+谓语+主语＂，但当前句话所说的既有人又有事情的句子时，用＂It is the same with+主语＂的结构。故选C。
10. D【解析】考查倒装句。句意：——我不喜欢恐怖片，他们太可怕了。——我也是。根据句意，第二句是说＂我也不喜欢＂。在neither前置的情况下，句子要倒装。故选D。
1. A【解析】考查句型：It is + 形容词+ for sb to do对某人来说做什么事情是……，句意：对我们所有的人来说每天早晨大声读英语是非常重要的。故选A。
2. A【解析】本题考查的是强调结构。强调结构为It is/was...that...，本题强调状语。句意：我坦率的讲是因为我喜欢你。
3. B【解析】本题考查短定语从句。句中先行词为the primary school，在从句中作介词in的宾语。句意：自从我在那个小学学习，已经发生了巨大的变化。
4. B【解析】本题为倒装句。so+助动词+主语(当主语和上文中的主语是同一人或事物时)，so+主语+助动词(当主语与上文的主语不是同一人时)。
5. D【解析】so引导的倒装句，如果主语与上文不一致，就用完全倒装，故选D。
