【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题27 关系副词引导的定语从句知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（学生版）
命题趋势：
定语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。关系代词引导的定语从句最为常见和常考。
中考考查重点：
关系代词的用法；
在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系副词有when，where，why等
关系副词的基本用法
1. when在句中作状语，表示时间。
He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。
This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。
2. where在句中作状语，表示地点。
This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。
This is the place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。
3. why在句中作状语，表示原因。
This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
I love places the people are really friendly.
A. that B. which C. in where D. where
【易错提醒】
1. 当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如：
?This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。(定语从句中缺少主语，所以要用which/that，而不用where)
2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如：
?It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。
3. 关系副词why指原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。
?Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help? 这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗？
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
【易错提醒】
当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如：
?Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语)
?Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语)
【速记口诀】
1. Have you ever heard of the news ___________ is about the Strawberry Concert?
A. who B. what C. which D. when
2. Language learning isn’t hard itself. The attitude ___________ you have decided if you can learn it well at last
A. what B. who C. which
3. The panda is a kind of animal ___________ I like best.
A. who B. which C. where D. what
4. The beautiful girl ___________ came here last Saturday is my friend.
A. which B. where C. whom D. who
5. There will be a flower show in the park ___________ we visited last week.
A. who B. where C. which
6. Do you know the man ___________ saved five people in the fire?
A. who B. it C. when D. whom
7. —Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?
—I’m not sure. Is it in the hall ___________ can hold 300 people?
A. where B. what C. that D. when
8. It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ___________ has new furniture in it.
A. who B. where C. that
9. I know a place ___________ we can have a big meal.
A. that B. where C. which D. what
10. —Do you like swimming in winter?
—Of course. The water ___________ a bit cold at first but then I am warm and full of energy.
A. tastes B. feels C. smells D. looks
11. —Which song do you like better, Lucy?
—I prefer the song Little Apple ___________ can attract many people.
A. which B. who C. whom D. where
12. The dog ___________ played with you just now is ___________.
A. which; mine B. which; my
C. what; mine D. what; my
13. Studying in groups is a popular way ___________ can develop students’ ability.
A. which B. what C. who D. whom
14. Do you know Deng Ziqi ___________ sings the song Pao Mo.
A. which B. who C. when D. where
15. —What are you doing?
—I’m reading the book ___________ you lent me last week.
A. what B. who C. when D. that
1. (2019 ? 江苏省淮安市)The charities have helped more children with the money ___________ people raise.
A. who B. what C. where D. which
2. (2018 ? 甘肃兰州中考)I like the city ___________ the people are really kind and friendly.
A. that B. which C. where D. who
3.(2016 ? 贵州黔西南)I can’t remember the place _______________ I lived many years ago.
A. that B. which C. where D. ／
4. —_______________ is the teacher _______________ gave us the talk yesterday?
—She is having a meeting.
A. Where; who B. Who; whose C. What; who D. What; which
5. (2017 ? 湖南长沙中考)—What are you doing, Tim?
—I am listening to the song Long Live _______________ makes me feel excited.
A. which B. who C. /
1. (2016 ? 浙江省平阴县三模)—Sally, which room would you like to _______________?
—I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough.
A. live in; that B. live in; where C. live; that D. live; where
2. (2015 ? 浙江省邹城市模拟)The factory _______________ I am going to is the place _______________ my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where; where B. where; which C. which; where D. which; which
3. Happiness and success often come to those _______________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. where B. who C. what D. which
4. (2016 ? 平阴县三模)—Sally, which room would you like to _______________?
—I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough.
A. live in; that B. live in; where
C. live; that D. live; where
5. (2015 ? 邹城市模拟)The factory _______________ I am going to is the place _______________ my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where; where B. where; which
C. which; where D. which; which
6. (2016 ? 句容市模拟)Happiness and success often come to those _______________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. where B. who C. what D. which
7. —_______________ is the teacher _______________ gave us the talk yesterday?
—She is having a meeting.
A. Where; who B. Who; whose C. What; who D. What; which
8. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion _______________ you had with your dad yesterday.
A. what B. which C. when D. who
【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题27 关系副词引导的定语从句知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（解析版）
命题趋势：
定语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。关系代词引导的定语从句最为常见和常考。
中考考查重点：
关系代词的用法；
在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系副词有when，where，why等
关系副词的基本用法
1. when在句中作状语，表示时间。
He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。
This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。
2. where在句中作状语，表示地点。
This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。
This is the place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。
3. why在句中作状语，表示原因。
This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
I love places the people are really friendly.
A. that B. which C. in where D. where
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我喜欢民风淳朴的地方。根据先行词是places，从句中缺少地点状语，可知引导词是in which或者是where，故选D。
【易错提醒】
1. 当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如：
?This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。(定语从句中缺少主语，所以要用which/that，而不用where)
2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如：
?It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。
3. 关系副词why指原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。
?Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help? 这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗？
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
【参考答案】D
【试题解析】句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。这是一个定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句缺少时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故选D。
【易错提醒】
当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如：
?Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语)
?Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语)
【速记口诀】
1. Have you ever heard of the news ___________ is about the Strawberry Concert?
A. who B. what C. which D. when
2. Language learning isn’t hard itself. The attitude ___________ you have decided if you can learn it well at last
A. what B. who C. which
3. The panda is a kind of animal ___________ I like best.
A. who B. which C. where D. what
4. The beautiful girl ___________ came here last Saturday is my friend.
A. which B. where C. whom D. who
5. There will be a flower show in the park ___________ we visited last week.
A. who B. where C. which
6. Do you know the man ___________ saved five people in the fire?
A. who B. it C. when D. whom
7. —Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?
—I’m not sure. Is it in the hall ___________ can hold 300 people?
A. where B. what C. that D. when
8. It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ___________ has new furniture in it.
A. who B. where C. that
9. I know a place ___________ we can have a big meal.
A. that B. where C. which D. what
10. —Do you like swimming in winter?
—Of course. The water ___________ a bit cold at first but then I am warm and full of energy.
A. tastes B. feels C. smells D. looks
11. —Which song do you like better, Lucy?
—I prefer the song Little Apple ___________ can attract many people.
A. which B. who C. whom D. where
12. The dog ___________ played with you just now is ___________.
A. which; mine B. which; my
C. what; mine D. what; my
13. Studying in groups is a popular way ___________ can develop students’ ability.
A. which B. what C. who D. whom
14. Do you know Deng Ziqi ___________ sings the song Pao Mo.
A. which B. who C. when D. where
15. —What are you doing?
—I’m reading the book ___________ you lent me last week.
A. what B. who C. when D. that
1. (2019 ? 江苏省淮安市)The charities have helped more children with the money ___________ people raise.
A. who B. what C. where D. which
2. (2018 ? 甘肃兰州中考)I like the city ___________ the people are really kind and friendly.
A. that B. which C. where D. who
3.(2016 ? 贵州黔西南)I can’t remember the place _______________ I lived many years ago.
A. that B. which C. where D. ／
4. —_______________ is the teacher _______________ gave us the talk yesterday?
—She is having a meeting.
A. Where; who B. Who; whose C. What; who D. What; which
5. (2017 ? 湖南长沙中考)—What are you doing, Tim?
—I am listening to the song Long Live _______________ makes me feel excited.
A. which B. who C. /
1. (2016 ? 浙江省平阴县三模)—Sally, which room would you like to _______________?
—I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough.
A. live in; that B. live in; where C. live; that D. live; where
2. (2015 ? 浙江省邹城市模拟)The factory _______________ I am going to is the place _______________ my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where; where B. where; which C. which; where D. which; which
3. Happiness and success often come to those _______________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. where B. who C. what D. which
4. (2016 ? 平阴县三模)—Sally, which room would you like to _______________?
—I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough.
A. live in; that B. live in; where
C. live; that D. live; where
5. (2015 ? 邹城市模拟)The factory _______________ I am going to is the place _______________ my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where; where B. where; which
C. which; where D. which; which
6. (2016 ? 句容市模拟)Happiness and success often come to those _______________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. where B. who C. what D. which
7. —_______________ is the teacher _______________ gave us the talk yesterday?
—She is having a meeting.
A. Where; who B. Who; whose C. What; who D. What; which
8. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion _______________ you had with your dad yesterday.
A. what B. which C. when D. who
1. C【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是news指物，在定语从句中做主语，所以使用关系代词which。
2. C【解析】考查定语从句。Which这个关系代词指代The attitude。在定语从句中做decided的宾语。
3. B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：熊猫是我最喜欢的一种动物。此题考查定语从句，因为animals是物，故用which，根据句意，故选B。
4. D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上周六来这里的那个漂亮女孩儿是我的朋友。本句中有一个定语从句，先行词是girl，排除AB，在定语从句中做主语，排除C。所以选择who来作引导词。
5. C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在上周我参观的那个花园里要有一个花展。此题考查定语从句，因为先行词是park指物又做visit的宾语；根据句意，故选C。
6. A【解析】考查定语从句。此题考查定语从句。根据句意：你知道在大火中救出五个人的那个男的吗？修饰人的用who并且在句子里作主语，因此答案选A。
7. C【解析】考查定语从句。本题考查定语从句。先行词是hall，表示地点，所以用that。
8. C【解析】考查定语从句。考查定语从句。定语从句缺少主语，关系代词用who, which或that，先行词house指物，因此用which或that。
9. B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我知道一个我们可以大吃一顿的地方。要确定正确的关系词，首先要找出先行词在从句中当什么成分，特别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词！因为它们在从句中可以是表示时间、地点或原因，但它们也可以在从句中当主语，宾语或其它句子成份。在该句中。先行词place在从句中作地点状语，所以该用关系副词where，因此选B。
10. B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你喜欢在冬天游泳吗？当然。起初感觉水有点冷，但随后我感到温暖和充满活力。tastes尝起来；feels觉得；smells闻起来；looks看起来。所以选B。
11. A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——露西，你更喜欢哪一首歌？——我较喜欢吸引许多人的小苹果。定语从句，当先行词是事物时，用关系词that，which；当先行词是人时，用关系词who，whom，that；当先行词指地点时，用关系词where。先行词the song Little Apple指事物，故选A。
12. A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。Which哪一个；what什么；mine名词性物主代词，我的；my形容词性物主代词，我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语；名词性物主代词则不能用作定语，但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。
13. A【解析】考查定语从句。关系代词which指代way，在定语从句中作主语。
14. B【解析】考查定语从句。本题考查定语从句引导词的用法，句意：你认识唱《泡沫》歌曲的邓紫棋吗？引导词在 定语从句中作主语，先行词是人，故选B。
15. D【解析】考查定语从句。先行词the book是物，题目中作lend的宾语，因此用that。
1. D【解析】句意：慈善机构用人们筹集的钱帮助了更多的儿童。A. who关系词，先行词是人；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. where关系副词，在定语从句中做状语；D. which关系代词，先行词是物。people raise修饰the money，先行词是物，关系词用which引导。根据题意，故选D。
2. C【解析】句意：我喜欢这个城市，那里的人们非常善良和友好。A. that先行词是人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；B. which先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；C. where先行词是地点名词，在定语从句中作状语；D. who的先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语。此句的先行词是the city，为地点名词，定语从句中缺少地点状语，引导词用where，答案为C。
【点睛】在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换)，例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
3. C【解析】句意：我记不起许多年前我住的地方了。the place后跟的是一个定语从句，先行词是the place，指地点，在定语从句中作状语从句，故用where作关系词。故选C。
4. A【解析】where询问的是地点；who询问的是人物；what引导宾语从句，作从句的逻辑主语或者宾语；根据答语She is having a meeting(她正在开会)可知，问题应该是问那个老师在哪里，所以第一个空格填Where。who引导的定语从句，在从句里作主语，whose意思是＂谁的＂，作定语；which的先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语。第二个空：结合句意及句子特点可知为定语从句，根据题意可知，先行词是the teacher，引导词在从句里作主语的成分，所以应用who。故选A。
5. A【解析】句意：——蒂姆，你正在做什么？——我正在听歌曲《万岁》，这首歌使我感到很兴奋。先行词是the song Long Live， 指物，且在从句中作主语，故选A。
1. A【解析】根据which room would you like to可知这里考查live的用法，live 是一个不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语，如果跟宾语的话，需要加其它的词，在这里room作它的宾语，表示住在这个房间里，所以需要加介词in；再根据I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough，本部分考查的是定语从句，room是先行词，定语从句中缺少主语，that可作主语，where, how, in which不可作主语。选A。
2. C【解答】考查定语从句的辨析。where 引导的定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，等于介词+which；which哪一个，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语，一般指物。根据题意可知，先行词为factory，指物，going to后面缺少一个宾语，故用which引导此定语从句；句子表语the place是第二个空格的先行词，而后面my mother used to work many years ago缺少的是地点状语，与先行词the place之间要用介词in连接，在定语从句中in which可用where表达，故用where引导，故选C。
3. B【解答】本句考查的是定语从句。先行词是those＂那些人＂，指人，同时引导词又在后面的定语从句中作主语，故用who。
4. A【解析】根据 which room would you like to，可知这里考查 live 的用法，live是一个不及物动词， 后面不能直接跟宾语，如果跟宾语的话，需要加其它的词，在这里room作它的宾语，表示住在这个房间里，所以需要加介词 in；再根据I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough，本部分考查的是定语从句，room是先行词，定语从句中缺少主语。that 可作主语，where、how、in which 不可作主语。故选A。
5. C【解析】本题考查定语从句的辨析. where 引导的定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，等于介词+which；which，哪一个，引导的定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语， 一般指物. 根据题意可知，先行词为 factory，指物，going to 后面缺少一个宾语 故用 which 引导此定语从句；句子表语 the place 真是第二个空格的先行词，而后面 my mother used to work many years ago 缺少的是地点状语，与先行词 the place 要用介词 in 连接， 在定语从句中 in which 可用 where 表达，故用 where 引导，故选C。
6. B【解析】本句考查的是定语从句：先行词是 those＂那些人＂，指人，同时引导 词又在后面的定语从句中作主语，故用 who。
7. A【解析】第一个空：where 询问的是地点；who 询问的是人物；what 引导宾 语从句，做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语；根据回答 She is having a meeting(她正在开会) 可知，问题应该是问那个老师在哪里，所以第一个空格填 where。 第二个空：结合句意及句子特点可知为定语从句，先行词为 the teacher，表人；who 引 导的定语从句，在从句里做主语的成分，whose 意思是＂谁的＂表物主，作定语；which 的先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据题意可知，先行词是 the teacher，引导词在从 句里做主语的成分，所以应用 who. 综合起来，故选 A。
8. B【解析】what不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；when关系副词，指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；根据the discussion you had with your dad yesterday.可知本句中先行词是discussion，指物，是定语从句的宾语，所以应该用 which，故选B。
