【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题32 连词WHETHER或IF引导的宾语从句知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（学生版）
if/whether引导的宾语从句
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。
I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam.
爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。
He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。
【拓展】
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。
1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I?don’t?know?whether?he?will?win?or?not.
?I?will?write?to?you?whether?or?not?I?can?come?/?whether?I?can?come?or?not.
2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He dosen’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether to go or stay is still a question.
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends on whether we make enough effort.
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.
Whether this is true, I can’t say.
Whether he is single, I don’t know.
5. 在某些动词(如discuss，decide)之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should close the shop. (虚拟语气)
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.(虚拟语气)
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. (虚拟语气)
6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work.
注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
1. —Can you spare time to come to our Thanksgiving party?
—Well, I don’t know ____________.
A. that I can finish my work by then
B. if can I finish the work by then
C. whether I can finish the work by then
D. that can I finish the work by then
2. I hope you do not mind my asking, but I wonder ____________ it may be possible for me to share the room with you.
A. that B. if C. which D. how
3. I’m not sure ____________ the highway will close soon. Let’s set off earlier.
A. whether B. when C. how D. why
4. David asked me ____________.
A. if I will be free that day
B. whether or not I would be free that day
C. where do I come from
D. when will I leave here
5. —Could you please tell me ____________?
—Yes, sure.
A. if there is a bookshop near here B. where can I buy a stamp
C. when will the next bus arrive D. you like to eat what
6. —I’m not sure ____________ there are living things on other planets or not.
—Even scientists aren’t sure about it.
A. whether B. where C. why D. that
1. (2019 ? 江苏省镇江市)—Do you believe that humans could live on Mars?
—I don’t think ____________.
A. if it comes true B. that it will come true
C. why it will come true D. how does it come true
2.(2017﹒四川成都)—Hi, Amy, you live on Center Street. Can you tell me ____________?
—Sure. There is one called Grandma’s Home.
A. where it is B. how I can get there C. if there is a restaurant on it
3.(2017﹒山东德州)—Excuse me, I wonder ____________.
—Yes, it’s near the bookstore.
A. where we will go for the holiday
B. if there is a lost and found office
C. when she will give a call
D. how we can go to Hong Kong
4.(2016﹒云南昆明)—I am worried about _______________.
—Whatever the result is, don’t be too hard on yourself.
A. how have I prepared for my final exams
B. if I can get great grades in the final exams
C. that my school team lost the game because of my fault
D. why did my school team lose the game
5.(2016﹒江苏连云港)—What did Max just say to you?
—He asked me _______________.
A. if I would like to go skating B. when did I buy this CD
C. where I will spend the weekend D. that I had a good time
6.(2016﹒河南)—What did Tom say to you just now, John?
—He asked ____________.
why I am so happy today
B. what will I do for the weekend
C. Who did I play football with after school
D. if I could go to the movie with him tonight
1. (江苏省徐州市部分学校2017届九年级二模联考)—The project is so difficult for your cousin.
—Yes, I am wondering ___________.
A. that he will finish it on time. B. how could I help him out
C. whether he can finish it by himself D. if can I do anything for him
2. I don’t know ___________ he still lives here after so many years.
A. where B. whether C. what D. when
3. —What did the woman ask just now?
—She asked ___________.
who was I waiting for
B. how she can get to the post office
C. where I live
D. whether I could help her find the post office
4. I wonder ___________ people could grow plants on Mars.
A. if B. that C. which D. whose
5. I don’t know _____________ he has time to help us. Let’s ask him.
A. that B. whether C. how D. what
6. —Can we visit Hong Kong this summer holiday?
—I wonder ___________ it is the best time to go there.
A. if B. when C. what D. how
7. —I don’t know ___________ or not.
—Neither do I. You may ask his teacher.
A. whether he is at school B. if is he at school
C. that he is at school D. whether is he at school
8. Susan isn’t sure ___________ her parents will allow her to get a part-time job.
A. that B. how C. what D. whether
【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题32 连词WHETHER或IF引导的宾语从句知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（解析版）
if/whether引导的宾语从句
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。
I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam.
爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。
He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。
【拓展】
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。
1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I?don’t?know?whether?he?will?win?or?not.
?I?will?write?to?you?whether?or?not?I?can?come?/?whether?I?can?come?or?not.
2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He dosen’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether to go or stay is still a question.
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends on whether we make enough effort.
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.
Whether this is true, I can’t say.
Whether he is single, I don’t know.
5. 在某些动词(如discuss，decide)之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should close the shop. (虚拟语气)
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.(虚拟语气)
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. (虚拟语气)
6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work.
注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
1. —Can you spare time to come to our Thanksgiving party?
—Well, I don’t know ____________.
A. that I can finish my work by then
B. if can I finish the work by then
C. whether I can finish the work by then
D. that can I finish the work by then
2. I hope you do not mind my asking, but I wonder ____________ it may be possible for me to share the room with you.
A. that B. if C. which D. how
3. I’m not sure ____________ the highway will close soon. Let’s set off earlier.
A. whether B. when C. how D. why
4. David asked me ____________.
A. if I will be free that day
B. whether or not I would be free that day
C. where do I come from
D. when will I leave here
5. —Could you please tell me ____________?
—Yes, sure.
A. if there is a bookshop near here B. where can I buy a stamp
C. when will the next bus arrive D. you like to eat what
6. —I’m not sure ____________ there are living things on other planets or not.
—Even scientists aren’t sure about it.
A. whether B. where C. why D. that
1. (2019 ? 江苏省镇江市)—Do you believe that humans could live on Mars?
—I don’t think ____________.
A. if it comes true B. that it will come true
C. why it will come true D. how does it come true
2.(2017﹒四川成都)—Hi, Amy, you live on Center Street. Can you tell me ____________?
—Sure. There is one called Grandma’s Home.
A. where it is B. how I can get there C. if there is a restaurant on it
3.(2017﹒山东德州)—Excuse me, I wonder ____________.
—Yes, it’s near the bookstore.
A. where we will go for the holiday
B. if there is a lost and found office
C. when she will give a call
D. how we can go to Hong Kong
4.(2016﹒云南昆明)—I am worried about _______________.
—Whatever the result is, don’t be too hard on yourself.
A. how have I prepared for my final exams
B. if I can get great grades in the final exams
C. that my school team lost the game because of my fault
D. why did my school team lose the game
5.(2016﹒江苏连云港)—What did Max just say to you?
—He asked me _______________.
A. if I would like to go skating B. when did I buy this CD
C. where I will spend the weekend D. that I had a good time
6.(2016﹒河南)—What did Tom say to you just now, John?
—He asked ____________.
why I am so happy today
B. what will I do for the weekend
C. Who did I play football with after school
D. if I could go to the movie with him tonight
1. (江苏省徐州市部分学校2017届九年级二模联考)—The project is so difficult for your cousin.
—Yes, I am wondering ___________.
A. that he will finish it on time. B. how could I help him out
C. whether he can finish it by himself D. if can I do anything for him
2. I don’t know ___________ he still lives here after so many years.
A. where B. whether C. what D. when
3. —What did the woman ask just now?
—She asked ___________.
who was I waiting for
B. how she can get to the post office
C. where I live
D. whether I could help her find the post office
4. I wonder ___________ people could grow plants on Mars.
A. if B. that C. which D. whose
5. I don’t know _____________ he has time to help us. Let’s ask him.
A. that B. whether C. how D. what
6. —Can we visit Hong Kong this summer holiday?
—I wonder ___________ it is the best time to go there.
A. if B. when C. what D. how
7. —I don’t know ___________ or not.
—Neither do I. You may ask his teacher.
A. whether he is at school B. if is he at school
C. that he is at school D. whether is he at school
8. Susan isn’t sure ___________ her parents will allow her to get a part-time job.
A. that B. how C. what D. whether
1. C 【解析】句意：——你能抽出时间来参加我们的感恩节聚会吗？——哦，我不知道到那时我是否能完成这项工作。此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。根据句意，故选C。
2. B 【解析】句意：我希望你不要介意我问，但是我想知道我是否有可能和你分享一个房间。这是一个if引导的宾语从句；A. that 引导宾语从句，它本身无意义；B. if引导宾语从句，是否；C. which引导宾语从句，哪一个；D. how引导宾语从句，怎样。故选B。
3. A 【解析】句意：我不确定高速公路是否会很快关闭，让我们早些动身吧。A. whether是否；B. when 什么时候；C. how如何；D. why为什么。soon不久，很快，表示时间，因此句子不能再用when来引导，结合句意可知，答案为A。
4. B 【解析】句意：大卫问我那天是否有空。考查宾语从句的时态和语序。宾语从句要用陈述语序，首先可以排除C、D选项；asked为ask的过去式，当主句是一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去时态的某种形式(客观事实和真理除外)，这样A选项也不符合题意，答案为B。
5. A 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我这里附近是否有一个书店吗？——是的，当然可以。根据Could you please tell me可知，本题是考查宾语从句，宾语从句中一般为陈述语序。选项B、C是疑问语序，所以排除掉；D项的疑问代词应该位于句首，也排除掉；再根据回答Yes，sure. 可知宾语从句含有疑问的语气，所以应用if来引导，故答案选A。
6. A 【解析】句意：——我不确定在其他的星球中是否有生物。——甚至科学家都不能确定这件事。A. whether是否；B. where在哪；C. why为什么；D. that作引导词时无意义。根据下文Even scientists aren’t sure about it.可知这里是说是否，用whether引导，故选A。
1. B 【解析】句意：——你认为人类能在火星上生活吗？——我认为这是不能实现的。if it comes true它是否是真的；that it will come true它会成真的；why it will come true它为什么会成真；how does it come true它是怎样成真的。根据对话的意思可知，这里应表示说话人对这个问题的观点，A、C和D意思不对，宾语从句的引导词应该用that，故选B。
2. C 【解析】句意：——你好，艾米，你住在中心大街。你能告诉我在那条大街上是否有一家餐馆吗？——当然可以。那里有一家叫外婆家的餐馆。where it is 它在哪里；how I can get there我如何到达那里；if there is a restaurant on it在那条大街上是否有一家餐馆。根据Sure. There is one called Grandma’s Home.可知此处询问那里是否有餐馆。故选C。
3. B 【解析】句意：——打扰一下，我想知道是否有失物招领处？——有，它在书店附近。A. where we will go for the holiday我们将要去哪里度假；B. if there is a lost and found office是否有失物招领处；C. when she will give a call她将什么时间打电话；D. how we can go to Hong Kong我们怎么去香港。根据回答，故选B。
【名师点睛】
(一)wonder 作及物动词，意为＂想知道；对……感到怀疑＂，常见的用法有：
1. 后接 who，what，why，where 等引导的宾语从句。如：
I wonder who she is. 我想知道她是谁。
She wondered what the child was doing.
她感到疑惑，孩子究竟在干什么。
I wonder why Ann is late. 我想知道安为什么迟到了。
I wonder where they have gone. 我想知道他们去哪儿了。
2. 后接that引导的宾语从句，表示＂感到惊奇；对……感到惊讶＂，that 常可省去。如：
I wonder (that) she has won the race. 我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。
3. 后接 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句，常用来表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。如：
I wonder if he will succeed. 我想知道他会不会成功。
4. 后接动词不定式短语。如：
I wondered to see you there. 看到你在那里，我感到惊讶。
5. 后接＂疑问词＋不定式＂构成的短语。如：
I’m just wondering how to do it. 我正想知道该怎样做那件事。
(二)wonder作不及物动词，意为＂感到惊讶；感到疑惑＂，常见的用法有：
1. 与 at 连用。如：
I wonder at your allowing her to do such a thing.
我对你允许她做这样的事感到惊讶。
2. 后接about短语，表示＂对……感到疑惑；对……感到新奇＂。如：
I wonder about my future. 我对我的未来感到疑惑。
(三) wonder 作名词，意为＂奇迹；奇观＂。如：
The Great Wall is one of the seven wonders of the world.
长城是世界上七大奇迹之一。
4. B 【解析】句意：——我在担心我是否可以在毕业考试中取得好的成绩。——不论结果如何，不要对自己太苛刻。A.我的毕业考试准备得怎样。宾语从句用陈述句语序，错；B.我是否可以在毕业考试中取得好的成绩；C.因为我的错，我们校队比赛失败了。结果已出来了，与后句的whatever the result is相矛盾，错；D. 为什么我们校队比赛失败了。宾语从句应用陈述句语序。故选B。
5. A 【解析】句意：——Max刚才给你说了什么？——他问我是否喜欢滑冰。这里考查的是宾语从句，宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，故排除B；因为主句的动词asked是过去式，所以宾语从句的时态应该用过去时，故排除C。故选A。
6. D 【解析】句意：——约翰，汤姆刚才跟你说什么了？——他询问我今晚是否和他一起去看电影。根据主句的谓语asked可知后面的宾语从句用一般过去时，故排除A、B两项。宾语从句的词序：疑问词+主语+宾语，故排除C项。故选D。
1. C 【解析】句意：——这个项目对于你的表哥来说太难了。——是的，我正在想他能否按时独自完成这个项目。am wondering可知，后面的宾语从句不能用that来引导。故排除A；宾语从句的语序应该是陈述语序，排除B、D，故选C。
2. B 【解析】句意：我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。考查宾语从句引导词。特殊疑问句作某个词宾语时(作宾语从句)，由特殊疑问词来引导这个宾语从句，一般疑问句作宾语时，由if或whether引导；陈述句作宾语时，由that引导，that常省略；结合句意和语境可知选B。
3. D 【解析】句意：——那女人刚才问什么？——她问我是否能帮她找到邮局。答语是宾语从句。从句要用陈述句的语序，排除A；如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选择时态，如果主句是过去时态，从句要用过去时态的某种形式。故答案为D。
4. A 【解析】句意：我想知道是否人们能够在火星上种植植物。A. if是否；B. that引导宾语从句没有词义；C. which 哪个；D. whose谁的。故选A。
5. B 【解析】句意：我不知道他是否有时间帮助我们，让我们问问他吧。that是连词，引导宾语从句，没有意义，在从句中也不作成分；whether是否；how怎样；what什么，是连接代词，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据句意可知，说话人不知道他是否有时间，因此应选B。
6. A 【解析】句意：——这个暑假我们能去香港吗？——我想知道这是否是去那里最好的时间。if是否；when当……的时候；what什么；how怎么。所以选A。
7. A 【解析】句意：——我不知道他是否在学校。——我也不知道。你可以问问他的老师。根据答语＂Neither do I. You may ask his teacher.＂我也不知道，你可以问问他的老师。可知上文是：不知道他是否在校。引导词应该使用if/whether，排除C；whether... or not 是固定搭配，所以排除B，宾语从句中应该用陈述语序，即主语+谓语，所以排除D，答案选A。
8. D 【解析】句意：苏珊不确定她的父母是否允许她去找一份兼职工作。that引导的宾语从句是陈述句；how表示如何，作宾语从句的状语；what表示什么，在宾语从句中作宾语或主语；whether是否。根据isn’t sure可知她不确定，因此表示是否，故选D。
