【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题44 任务型阅读之还原句子知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（学生版）
阅读短文还原句子的文章一般为200—250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：
1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。
2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
二、满分技巧
1. 解题步骤
(1)读选项，画关键词，暗排序。
(2)读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。
(3)先易后难来解题。
(4)回读文章定答案。
2. 得分技巧
(1)抓住过渡词，看住上下句。
(2)盯紧横线的前后词语。
通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：
1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能， 处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40—50个词为宜。
2. 注意常考点。平时练习多注意代词(如it，this，they)、选项的句内关系(如因果、转折)及重现(文章与选项的复现提示)等。
3. 解题技巧
通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
1. 如果问题设在段首
(1)通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。
(2)与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。
(3)段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 如果问题设在段尾
(1)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
(2)通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore， as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
(3)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
(4)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。
(5)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
(6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。
A
A. Never be afraid to give
B. Plan ahead as much as possible
C. Work out your priorities(优先考虑的事)
D. Be disciplined(有纪律的) at all times
E. Make sure everything has its place
F. Stick to a schedule
Being Well-Organized And Getting Things Done
Being well-organized and getting things done and what we have done is tried to make them as easy to follow as possible to allow you to implement(实施) them immediately. There is no doubt that being organized does make a difference.
1
It is something that you should do every single day and the best way to approach this is to place things in order of importance. Watching that movie may sound like a good idea, but put that at the bottom of the list and focus on things that influence your work, health, or anything else that is key to your survival(生存).
2
Next, you should consider trying to plan ahead, so if you know that there is an appointment at a certain location for a certain time, then plan your day around that appointment.
3
Knowing where everything is really will allow you to get more things done as you will waste less time hunting for that object that you require to complete your task. Too much time is wasted hunting for keys or that piece of paper and it also just stresses you out and can upset your pace.
4
Giving tasks to others will always lead to you getting more done, but it is not just a case of picking anybody to do a task. Instead, you need to make sure that they are capable of doing it without running into any problems and that they do have the correct tools to complete the job.
5
Having a schedule will help to force you into completing tasks on time and actually getting more done in the process. The only problem here is that you need to be sensible when working out how long something takes or you will put undue pressure on yourself and this is where mistakes can occur and you will actually then start to get less done.
B
Question: I’m 15 and I’ve been having trouble sleeping at night. It usually takes me 2 to 4 hours to get to sleep. 1 I can’t focus on my lessons at school. Please help me!
Answer: If you are a person who doesn’t regularly get a good night’s sleep, you are not alone. 2 Here are some tips for helping you get a good night’s sleep.
⊙Keep regular hours
By keeping regular hours your body and mind know what is coming up and can start to prepare for you to sleep. 3 If you can’t go to bed at a regular time, then make sure you get up at a regular time. So after a late night you wake up tired, and it forces you to go to bed earlier.
⊙ 4
I know, you hear this about everything from heart health to losing weight, but exercise really does do you a world of good. However, don’t do it too close to going to sleep. It is better to do it about an hour after dinner.
⊙Relax before going to bed
5 In fact, when you lie down to go to sleep, your mind is going to be thinking about the programs you have been watching. Instead, take just 20 or 30 minutes before bed to read or sit, anything that gets you to slow down and gives your mind a rest!
A. Take some exercise.
B. And I usually get about 4 or 5 hours’ sleep in a day.
C. It also means you can get in regular number of hours each night.
D. Many people suffer from sleep problems.
E. You may think that watching TV before you go to bed is a good way to relax.
C
Without a friend，the world is like a desert. Too many people want others to be their friends，but they don’t give friendship back. 1 To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning the following rules.
2 Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out，and you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always trust in one another to speak and do things honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes，of course. 3 These can be valuable to a friend. They tell your friends what is important to you. By sharing them，you help your friends know you better.
Everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. 4 Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place, so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly similar. 5 In fact, good friendship will just not easily last. That is to say, you must give as much as you take, or friendship will die away.
A. Keep your friend’s feelings in mind.
B. Instead you share your ideas and feelings.
C. Something may go wrong at school.
D. That is one of the causes why some friendships don’t last very long.
E. One way to do this is to be honest with a friend.
F. But all true friendships have three things in common.
G. Honesty is where a good friendship starts.
A(2019 ?福建)
Seeing blood in a horror movie might make you cover your eyes, but real blood isn’t scary at all. 66 That’s why blood donors are considered lifesavers.
Blood donors are those giving blood --- usually about 200ml at a time --- to blood banks or blood donation ( 捐 赠 ) centers. 67 For example, someone may have lost blood in accidents, or have a serious illness that requires his blood to be replaced. Hospitals and blood banks store the blood and try to keep enough on hand.
68 Medical workers ask donors several questions to make sure the blood is safe to use. Then the donors relax, often reading a magazine or talking as their blood is drawn. Afterward, the donors may receive some juice or water and maybe fruit to give them energy. The process is simple, not scary. 69 To give blood, a person must be at least 18 years old and must meet certain other requirements.
Students of all ages, though, can learn more about the donation process by visiting a local blood donation center. 70 It is also an easy way to help a community.
B(2019 ?浙江绍兴市)
阅读下面短文，从方框中所给的A—E五个选项中选择正确的选项(其中一项是多余选项)，将其序号填入74—74题，并完成75题。
Public speaking is one of the top three fears among adults in both the UK and the US. Here are some suggestions that deal with some of the most common problems people experience with public speaking.
Invite the attention in
Do you hate that moment when you stand up in front of a group to speak and everybody looks at you? ____71____ It's a sign that people are interested and want to hear what you have to say. Welcome those looks!
Beat the brain freeze
Have you ever been in the middle of speaking and suddenly… brain freeze! ____72____ It is possible that you forgot something for the moment. And you are holding your breath! All you need to do is to trust yourself, clear your mind, focus and breathe. The thoughts will come rushing back to your mind in no time. Phew!
Increase your confidence
Use this exercise to get in touch with the "naturally confident (自信的) you" inside. Close your eyes and remember a special time you felt really relaxed and confident. Imagine the feeling of relaxation rushing through your whole body. It will pass information to your brain that you are confident and happy. ____73____
Whether you are someone who just wants to move from good to great with your speaking, or someone who feels too afraid to stand up and speak, the great news is that you can move forward, be relaxed, and turn into a great speaker. ____74____
A. Remember there is hope for everyone!
B. Open your eyes and you are ready to go!
C. Your mind goes blank!
D. Be more silent!
E. Well, don't do that!
75. Write down another suggestion on how to become a good speaker. (答案不多于5个单词)
___________________________________________________________________________________
C(2019 ?四川省自贡市)
根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．
Taking a nap (小睡) every single day may be the least favorite thing for a child in kindergarten．However， being able to relax and get some rest in the middle of the day is great for many adults． 66
67 People who take naps are seen as lazy． You can even be kicked off your job if you fall asleep at work． This kind of thinking dates back to the founders of the US, Puritans(清教徒)． 68
69 Some people even bring their pillows (枕头) to work for nap time． People have a much more relaxing attitude towards taking naps than in the US．
70 But on the other hand, having a short rest can help you work better． A good rest can improve your mood as well． So why not take a nap during lunch break and make the rest of the day more enjoyable?
A．On the one hand， it is true that you spend less time working if you take a nap．
B．But attitudes towards naps are quite different between the US and China．
C．But in China, taking a nap is just a normal part of the day．
D．They are known for working hard．
E．In the US, a nap in the middle of the day is looked down upon．
D(2019 ?山东省枣庄市)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入下列小题横线上的最佳选项．
When will Restall was in fifth grade， he received bus safety training at school． Local bus drivers taught students about how to use the buses' two﹣ way radios， A two way radio is a radio that can both send and receive messages，___16___． And they showed the students how to use them in emergency(R 8ag) situations． Will used what he learned to help a hurt bus driver get quick medical treatment， People in his hometown now call the 11﹣year old a hero for his brave actions．
Will was taking the bus to school one morning．___17___． He had to wait 10 minutes or so before he could get off the bus．
But then he heard a loud noise and looked up to see what happened．___18___． She had passed out and fell over on the bus stairs．
Will left his seat， grabbed the two﹣way radio and reported that the driver was hurt．___19___．Soon，another bus driver and an ambulance(救护车) arrived to help．
When they got there， the bus driver was awake and sitting up， but not speaking． They sent the driver to the hospital． Will and everyone else on the bus went to class as usual．Will's brave actions attracted a lot of attention．___20___， although he didn't want to be the spotlight(公众注意的焦点)，"I had to ask him，" said his father，" Tim Restal
A. Like every other student on the bus， will was playing a video game on his phone
B.A local TV station even interviewed him
C. The user can both talk and listen， it's also called walkie-talkies (对讲机)
D．He saw that the bus driver was no longer in the driver's seat
E．The radios on each bus let Will's friends hear him report the emergency
E(2018 ? 四川成都中考)
补全短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的A~F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文，答题卡上只需填选项的编号字母。
Have you ever tried to hide your emotions(情感) from someone during a conversation? ___71___
Scientists from the Ohio State University have found that people are able to tell other people’s emotions according to changes in the color of their faces.
Scientists studied pictures of people’s facial expressions. ____72____ For example, happiness makes our faces red around the cheeks and a little blue around the chin. Disgust(厌恶) creates not only a blue-yellow color around the lips, but also a red-green color around the nose and forehead.
＂We believe these color patterns are the result of small changes in blood flow triggered(触发) by the central nervous(神经) system." Lead researcher Alex Martinez said.
____73____ Does the color alone or also facial expressions help people tell other’s emotions?
To figure this out, scientists added color patterns to pictures of faces that showed no facial expressions. ___74___They were able to tell the emotions 75 percent of the time without any difficulty.____75____ For example, when two people are heatedly arguing over something, we say they are red in the face. When a person is very angry, we’d say he or she is blue in the face.
A. But this raises a question.
B. It is shown that human emotions are influenced by colors on the face.
C. They found that every facial expression is connected to a certain color.
D. It’s not always easy, because the color on your face may tell the truth.
E. Then, volunteers were asked to tell what emotions the faces were showing.
F. This is why there are some Chinese sayings that connect emotions to the color of one’s face.
(湖北省宜昌市2017年中考模拟)A
A. running away is anything
B. they often find them in risky situations
C. it may be natural
D. these kids are more easy to get affected(感染)
E. no one cares about them
F. you probably imagine
When you think about running away, 1 that there will be no more rules, no parent to tell you what to do, no more fights. Sounds great and exciting, right? In fact, 2 but fun. Kids who run away face new problems like not having any money, food to eat, a safe place to sleep, or anyone to take care of them.
People with no home and no money become ready to do anything just to meet their everyday needs. Because of this, 3 that would be terrible even for adults. Runaway kids join in dangerous crimes(犯罪) much more often than kids who live at home.
Kids who live on the streets often have to steal(偷) for a living. Many take drugs to get through the day because they become so sad and feel that 4 . Some are forced(被迫) to do things they wouldn’t normally do to make money. The number of kids with HIV or AIDS and other diseases is higher on streets, too, because 5 . This problem is attracting more and more attention.
B
(北京市密云区2017届九年级期末)A year ago I paid no attention to English idioms(习语), though my teacher said again and again that it was important. But soon, the importance of English idioms was shown in my experience.
One day, I happened to meet an Englishman on the road. I was very happy because I thought I could talk with him in English. And 1 . As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner shook his head, saying, ＂You don’t say! You don’t say!＂ I was surprised. ＂Why?＂ I thought, ＂Perhaps this is not a proper topic. Well, I’d better change the topic.＂ So I said to him, ＂Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? We Chinese people are proud of it! By the way, 2 ?＂ ＂Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It was great.＂ I said, ＂The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. It is a place of interest.＂ Soon I was interrupted again by his words, ＂ 3 !＂ I couldn’t help asking, ＂Why did you ask me not to talk about it?＂ ＂Well, I didn’t ask you to do so,＂ he answered, gently surprised.
I said, ＂Didn’t you say ‘You don’t say!’?＂
4 . He began to explain, ＂’You don’t say!’ actually means ‘Really?’ It is an expression of surprise. Just like ‘Look out!’ means ‘Be careful!’ Perhaps you don’t pay attention to English idioms.＂
Only then did I know I had made a fool of myself. 5 . Remember: what our English teachers say to us students is always right. We should listen to them!
A. You don’t say
B. soon we began to talk
C. have you ever been there
D. Hearing this, the Englishman laughed to tears
E. Since then I have been more careful with idioms
C
(湖南省岳阳地区2017年中考二模)The world is an interesting place. Different people like different things. Some people like loud music. Other people don’t. 1
Many people like sports, but they do not all like the same sports. In some countries, cricket (板球运动) is a very popular sport, in others it is not popular at all. No one plays it or watches it on TV. However, most people like soccer. The World Cup is very popular. 2
Different people like different foods. Some people do not like meat. 3 Some people do not like potatoes or bread. They prefer rice.
4 Most people have their favorite colors. Some people like bright colors. Others prefer pale colors.
Many people like traveling. Different people like different places. Some people like to go to the country. They like the fresh air. Some people like to go to the cities. Because they like shopping. 5
What do you like? Have you got an idea?
A. They like soft music.
B. Not everyone likes the same color.
C. Millions of people watch the games on TV.
D. Different people like different kinds of pets.
E. They eat fruit and vegetables most of the time.
F. So they don’t raise pigs in their countries.
G. Some other people enjoy beautiful places like the mountains or beaches.
【专题讲义】2020年中考英语一轮复习
专题44 任务型阅读之还原句子知识点、考点及考题专题精讲（解析版）
阅读短文还原句子的文章一般为200—250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：
1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。
2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
二、满分技巧
1. 解题步骤
(1)读选项，画关键词，暗排序。
(2)读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。
(3)先易后难来解题。
(4)回读文章定答案。
2. 得分技巧
(1)抓住过渡词，看住上下句。
(2)盯紧横线的前后词语。
通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：
1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能， 处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40—50个词为宜。
2. 注意常考点。平时练习多注意代词(如it，this，they)、选项的句内关系(如因果、转折)及重现(文章与选项的复现提示)等。
3. 解题技巧
通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
1. 如果问题设在段首
(1)通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。
(2)与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。
(3)段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 如果问题设在段尾
(1)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
(2)通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore， as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
(3)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
(4)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。
(5)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
(6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。
A
A. Never be afraid to give
B. Plan ahead as much as possible
C. Work out your priorities(优先考虑的事)
D. Be disciplined(有纪律的) at all times
E. Make sure everything has its place
F. Stick to a schedule
Being Well-Organized And Getting Things Done
Being well-organized and getting things done and what we have done is tried to make them as easy to follow as possible to allow you to implement(实施) them immediately. There is no doubt that being organized does make a difference.
1
It is something that you should do every single day and the best way to approach this is to place things in order of importance. Watching that movie may sound like a good idea, but put that at the bottom of the list and focus on things that influence your work, health, or anything else that is key to your survival(生存).
2
Next, you should consider trying to plan ahead, so if you know that there is an appointment at a certain location for a certain time, then plan your day around that appointment.
3
Knowing where everything is really will allow you to get more things done as you will waste less time hunting for that object that you require to complete your task. Too much time is wasted hunting for keys or that piece of paper and it also just stresses you out and can upset your pace.
4
Giving tasks to others will always lead to you getting more done, but it is not just a case of picking anybody to do a task. Instead, you need to make sure that they are capable of doing it without running into any problems and that they do have the correct tools to complete the job.
5
Having a schedule will help to force you into completing tasks on time and actually getting more done in the process. The only problem here is that you need to be sensible when working out how long something takes or you will put undue pressure on yourself and this is where mistakes can occur and you will actually then start to get less done.
B
Question: I’m 15 and I’ve been having trouble sleeping at night. It usually takes me 2 to 4 hours to get to sleep. 1 I can’t focus on my lessons at school. Please help me!
Answer: If you are a person who doesn’t regularly get a good night’s sleep, you are not alone. 2 Here are some tips for helping you get a good night’s sleep.
⊙Keep regular hours
By keeping regular hours your body and mind know what is coming up and can start to prepare for you to sleep. 3 If you can’t go to bed at a regular time, then make sure you get up at a regular time. So after a late night you wake up tired, and it forces you to go to bed earlier.
⊙ 4
I know, you hear this about everything from heart health to losing weight, but exercise really does do you a world of good. However, don’t do it too close to going to sleep. It is better to do it about an hour after dinner.
⊙Relax before going to bed
5 In fact, when you lie down to go to sleep, your mind is going to be thinking about the programs you have been watching. Instead, take just 20 or 30 minutes before bed to read or sit, anything that gets you to slow down and gives your mind a rest!
A. Take some exercise.
B. And I usually get about 4 or 5 hours’ sleep in a day.
C. It also means you can get in regular number of hours each night.
D. Many people suffer from sleep problems.
E. You may think that watching TV before you go to bed is a good way to relax.
C
Without a friend，the world is like a desert. Too many people want others to be their friends，but they don’t give friendship back. 1 To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning the following rules.
2 Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out，and you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always trust in one another to speak and do things honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes，of course. 3 These can be valuable to a friend. They tell your friends what is important to you. By sharing them，you help your friends know you better.
Everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. 4 Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place, so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly similar. 5 In fact, good friendship will just not easily last. That is to say, you must give as much as you take, or friendship will die away.
A. Keep your friend’s feelings in mind.
B. Instead you share your ideas and feelings.
C. Something may go wrong at school.
D. That is one of the causes why some friendships don’t last very long.
E. One way to do this is to be honest with a friend.
F. But all true friendships have three things in common.
G. Honesty is where a good friendship starts.
A(2019 ?福建)
Seeing blood in a horror movie might make you cover your eyes, but real blood isn’t scary at all. 66 That’s why blood donors are considered lifesavers.
Blood donors are those giving blood --- usually about 200ml at a time --- to blood banks or blood donation ( 捐 赠 ) centers. 67 For example, someone may have lost blood in accidents, or have a serious illness that requires his blood to be replaced. Hospitals and blood banks store the blood and try to keep enough on hand.
68 Medical workers ask donors several questions to make sure the blood is safe to use. Then the donors relax, often reading a magazine or talking as their blood is drawn. Afterward, the donors may receive some juice or water and maybe fruit to give them energy. The process is simple, not scary. 69 To give blood, a person must be at least 18 years old and must meet certain other requirements.
Students of all ages, though, can learn more about the donation process by visiting a local blood donation center. 70 It is also an easy way to help a community.
B(2019 ?浙江绍兴市)
阅读下面短文，从方框中所给的A—E五个选项中选择正确的选项(其中一项是多余选项)，将其序号填入74—74题，并完成75题。
Public speaking is one of the top three fears among adults in both the UK and the US. Here are some suggestions that deal with some of the most common problems people experience with public speaking.
Invite the attention in
Do you hate that moment when you stand up in front of a group to speak and everybody looks at you? ____71____ It's a sign that people are interested and want to hear what you have to say. Welcome those looks!
Beat the brain freeze
Have you ever been in the middle of speaking and suddenly… brain freeze! ____72____ It is possible that you forgot something for the moment. And you are holding your breath! All you need to do is to trust yourself, clear your mind, focus and breathe. The thoughts will come rushing back to your mind in no time. Phew!
Increase your confidence
Use this exercise to get in touch with the "naturally confident (自信的) you" inside. Close your eyes and remember a special time you felt really relaxed and confident. Imagine the feeling of relaxation rushing through your whole body. It will pass information to your brain that you are confident and happy. ____73____
Whether you are someone who just wants to move from good to great with your speaking, or someone who feels too afraid to stand up and speak, the great news is that you can move forward, be relaxed, and turn into a great speaker. ____74____
A. Remember there is hope for everyone!
B. Open your eyes and you are ready to go!
C. Your mind goes blank!
D. Be more silent!
E. Well, don't do that!
75. Write down another suggestion on how to become a good speaker. (答案不多于5个单词)
___________________________________________________________________________________
C(2019 ?四川省自贡市)
根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．
Taking a nap (小睡) every single day may be the least favorite thing for a child in kindergarten．However， being able to relax and get some rest in the middle of the day is great for many adults． 66
67 People who take naps are seen as lazy． You can even be kicked off your job if you fall asleep at work． This kind of thinking dates back to the founders of the US, Puritans(清教徒)． 68
69 Some people even bring their pillows (枕头) to work for nap time． People have a much more relaxing attitude towards taking naps than in the US．
70 But on the other hand, having a short rest can help you work better． A good rest can improve your mood as well． So why not take a nap during lunch break and make the rest of the day more enjoyable?
A．On the one hand， it is true that you spend less time working if you take a nap．
B．But attitudes towards naps are quite different between the US and China．
C．But in China, taking a nap is just a normal part of the day．
D．They are known for working hard．
E．In the US, a nap in the middle of the day is looked down upon．
D(2019 ?山东省枣庄市)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入下列小题横线上的最佳选项．
When will Restall was in fifth grade， he received bus safety training at school． Local bus drivers taught students about how to use the buses' two﹣ way radios， A two way radio is a radio that can both send and receive messages，___16___． And they showed the students how to use them in emergency(R 8ag) situations． Will used what he learned to help a hurt bus driver get quick medical treatment， People in his hometown now call the 11﹣year old a hero for his brave actions．
Will was taking the bus to school one morning．___17___． He had to wait 10 minutes or so before he could get off the bus．
But then he heard a loud noise and looked up to see what happened．___18___． She had passed out and fell over on the bus stairs．
Will left his seat， grabbed the two﹣way radio and reported that the driver was hurt．___19___．Soon，another bus driver and an ambulance(救护车) arrived to help．
When they got there， the bus driver was awake and sitting up， but not speaking． They sent the driver to the hospital． Will and everyone else on the bus went to class as usual．Will's brave actions attracted a lot of attention．___20___， although he didn't want to be the spotlight(公众注意的焦点)，"I had to ask him，" said his father，" Tim Restal
A. Like every other student on the bus， will was playing a video game on his phone
B.A local TV station even interviewed him
C. The user can both talk and listen， it's also called walkie-talkies (对讲机)
D．He saw that the bus driver was no longer in the driver's seat
E．The radios on each bus let Will's friends hear him report the emergency
E(2018 ? 四川成都中考)
补全短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的A~F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文，答题卡上只需填选项的编号字母。
Have you ever tried to hide your emotions(情感) from someone during a conversation? ___71___
Scientists from the Ohio State University have found that people are able to tell other people’s emotions according to changes in the color of their faces.
Scientists studied pictures of people’s facial expressions. ____72____ For example, happiness makes our faces red around the cheeks and a little blue around the chin. Disgust(厌恶) creates not only a blue-yellow color around the lips, but also a red-green color around the nose and forehead.
＂We believe these color patterns are the result of small changes in blood flow triggered(触发) by the central nervous(神经) system." Lead researcher Alex Martinez said.
____73____ Does the color alone or also facial expressions help people tell other’s emotions?
To figure this out, scientists added color patterns to pictures of faces that showed no facial expressions. ___74___They were able to tell the emotions 75 percent of the time without any difficulty.____75____ For example, when two people are heatedly arguing over something, we say they are red in the face. When a person is very angry, we’d say he or she is blue in the face.
A. But this raises a question.
B. It is shown that human emotions are influenced by colors on the face.
C. They found that every facial expression is connected to a certain color.
D. It’s not always easy, because the color on your face may tell the truth.
E. Then, volunteers were asked to tell what emotions the faces were showing.
F. This is why there are some Chinese sayings that connect emotions to the color of one’s face.
(湖北省宜昌市2017年中考模拟)A
A. running away is anything
B. they often find them in risky situations
C. it may be natural
D. these kids are more easy to get affected(感染)
E. no one cares about them
F. you probably imagine
When you think about running away, 1 that there will be no more rules, no parent to tell you what to do, no more fights. Sounds great and exciting, right? In fact, 2 but fun. Kids who run away face new problems like not having any money, food to eat, a safe place to sleep, or anyone to take care of them.
People with no home and no money become ready to do anything just to meet their everyday needs. Because of this, 3 that would be terrible even for adults. Runaway kids join in dangerous crimes(犯罪) much more often than kids who live at home.
Kids who live on the streets often have to steal(偷) for a living. Many take drugs to get through the day because they become so sad and feel that 4 . Some are forced(被迫) to do things they wouldn’t normally do to make money. The number of kids with HIV or AIDS and other diseases is higher on streets, too, because 5 . This problem is attracting more and more attention.
B
(北京市密云区2017届九年级期末)A year ago I paid no attention to English idioms(习语), though my teacher said again and again that it was important. But soon, the importance of English idioms was shown in my experience.
One day, I happened to meet an Englishman on the road. I was very happy because I thought I could talk with him in English. And 1 . As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner shook his head, saying, ＂You don’t say! You don’t say!＂ I was surprised. ＂Why?＂ I thought, ＂Perhaps this is not a proper topic. Well, I’d better change the topic.＂ So I said to him, ＂Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? We Chinese people are proud of it! By the way, 2 ?＂ ＂Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It was great.＂ I said, ＂The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. It is a place of interest.＂ Soon I was interrupted again by his words, ＂ 3 !＂ I couldn’t help asking, ＂Why did you ask me not to talk about it?＂ ＂Well, I didn’t ask you to do so,＂ he answered, gently surprised.
I said, ＂Didn’t you say ‘You don’t say!’?＂
4 . He began to explain, ＂’You don’t say!’ actually means ‘Really?’ It is an expression of surprise. Just like ‘Look out!’ means ‘Be careful!’ Perhaps you don’t pay attention to English idioms.＂
Only then did I know I had made a fool of myself. 5 . Remember: what our English teachers say to us students is always right. We should listen to them!
A. You don’t say
B. soon we began to talk
C. have you ever been there
D. Hearing this, the Englishman laughed to tears
E. Since then I have been more careful with idioms
C
(湖南省岳阳地区2017年中考二模)The world is an interesting place. Different people like different things. Some people like loud music. Other people don’t. 1
Many people like sports, but they do not all like the same sports. In some countries, cricket (板球运动) is a very popular sport, in others it is not popular at all. No one plays it or watches it on TV. However, most people like soccer. The World Cup is very popular. 2
Different people like different foods. Some people do not like meat. 3 Some people do not like potatoes or bread. They prefer rice.
4 Most people have their favorite colors. Some people like bright colors. Others prefer pale colors.
Many people like traveling. Different people like different places. Some people like to go to the country. They like the fresh air. Some people like to go to the cities. Because they like shopping. 5
What do you like? Have you got an idea?
A. They like soft music.
B. Not everyone likes the same color.
C. Millions of people watch the games on TV.
D. Different people like different kinds of pets.
E. They eat fruit and vegetables most of the time.
F. So they don’t raise pigs in their countries.
G. Some other people enjoy beautiful places like the mountains or beaches.
A
【文章大意】本文就如何做到＂组织安排好，做事有条不紊＂，提出了五点建议。
1. C 【解析】根据本段第一句It is something that you should do every single day and the best way to approach this is to place things in order of importance.以及下面具体分述的内容，可知本段表明＂安排好事情的先后顺序，找出优先考虑的事＂，把事情安排好，做事有条不紊。故选：C。
2. B 【解析】根据本段含义＂下一步，你应该考虑提前计划，所以如果你知道某个地点有某个时间的约会，那么就计划好当天的约会。＂可知，本语段的主旨大意为：尽可能提前计划。故选：B。
3. E 【解析】根据本段的主旨大意：把物品排放好，可以节约时间，不会打乱你的计划。故选：E。
4. A 【解析】根据本段的主旨大意：不要担心把任务分派给他人，并确保他们顺利完成任务。故选：A。
5. F 【解析】根据本段的主旨大意：制定一个时间表，强迫你按时完成任务，并在实际过程中完成更多的工作。故选：F。
B
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一位15岁的学生有睡眠问题，因而影响了学习，文中就此给出了三种解决此问题的方法。
1. B 【解析】根据前文It usually takes me 2 to 4 hours to get to sleep我通常需要2到4个小时才能入睡，可推知下文应该为And I usually get about 4 or 5 hours’ sleep in a day.我通常一天睡4到5个小时。故选B。
2. D 【解析】根据前文If you are a person who doesn’t regularly get a good night’s sleep, you are not alone.如果你是一个经常不能睡个好觉的人，你并不孤单，可知下文Many people suffer from sleep problems.许多人患有睡眠问题。故选D。
3. C 【解析】根据上下文可知，此处为It also means you can get in regular number of hours each night.这也意味着你每天晚上可以有固定的睡眠时间。故选C。
4. A 【解析】根据下文内容的描述可知，是关于＂锻炼＂对身体有好处这方面的话题，所以此段的小标题为Take some exercise.做些锻炼。故选A。
5. E 【解析】根据下文In fact, when you lie down to go to sleep, your mind is going to be thinking about the programs you have been watching.事实上，当你躺下睡觉的时候，你的大脑会思考你一直在看的节目，可知此处为You may think that watching TV before you go to bed is a good way to relax你可能认为睡觉前看电视是一种放松的好方法。故选E。
C
【文章大意】本文是议论文，通过分析友谊的三个共同点——互相信任，真诚说话和做事；和朋友分享你的想法和感受；做朋友必须善于倾听和理解——得出结论，也就是好的友谊是不容易持久的，必须付出多少，友谊才会长久。
1. D 【解析】根据上一句Too many people want others to be their friends，but they don’t give friendship back.，好多人不知道回报友情，可知备选句子中，That is one of the causes why some friendships don’t last very long.跟它联系紧密，句首的that所指就是上一句的内容。故选D。
2. G 【解析】根据第二段的意思，特别是Good friends always trust in one another to speak and do things honestly.，可知本段谈的是honesty。七个选项中，Honesty is where a good friendship starts.最合段意，故选G。
3. B 【解析】第三段谈的是share分享。根据文意，结合空格的前后文，可知对朋友来说有价值的东西，不是分享钱物，而是其他东西，备选句子中的Instead you share your ideas and feelings.正是这个意思，故选B。
4. C 【解析】第四段围绕Everyone needs understanding and help with a problem.展开论述，谈论的都是解决问题的方法，Something may go wrong at school.这一句说的也是问题，合乎段意，故选C。
5. F 【解析】第五段对上文提到的三点做了个总结，强调友谊的不易持久。备选句子But all true friendships have three things in common.提到了友谊的共性，故选F。
A
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文是篇说明文，主要介绍了献血的原因, 流程和条件。
66. C 【解析】C 选项中的“blood is the gift of life and keeps us alive”与下文“lifesavers”相呼应，并且与上文成因果关系。故选 C。
67. B 【解析】选项B中的“Then the blood can be used for people in need”中“the blood”指代上文献血者捐的血，故选 B。
68. A 【解析】本段主要讲献血的流程，与选项A“Donating blood is not difficult”形成总分关系，故选 A。
69. E 【解析】E 选项中的“Most people are able to donate blood again”与前文献血遥相呼应，故选 E。
70. D 【解析】D 选项中的 “not only” 与下文 “also” 相呼应， 献血不但是一种拯救生命的最简单的方式之一，而且也是帮助团体的方式之一。故选 D。
B
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文主要介绍一些处理人们在公共演讲中遇到的一些最常见问题的建议。
71. E 【解析】根据上文Do you hate that moment when you stand up in front of a group to speak and everybody looks at you?当你站在一群人面前说话，每个人都看着你的时候，你恨吗？ 可知，面对这种情况，只能勇敢的面对，只能选择E，故选E。
72. C 【解析】根据Have you ever been in the middle of speaking and suddenly…brain freeze!?你有没有在说话的过程中突然……大脑冻结了！可知这种表现大脑思维已停止，就是大脑一片空白，故选C。
73. B 【解析】根据上文Close your eyes and remember a special time you felt really relaxed and confident.?It will pass information to your brain that you are confident and happy.闭上眼睛，记住一个特别的时刻，你感到非常放松和自信。想象一下你全身放松的感觉。它会把你自信和快乐的信息传递给你的大脑。可知由闭上眼睛到最后睁开眼睛过程，故选B。
74. A 【解析】根据上文Whether you are someone who just wants to move from good to great with your speaking, or someone who feels too afraid to stand up and speak, the great news is that you can move forward, be relaxed, and turn into a great speaker.无论你是一个只想在演讲中从优秀走向卓越的人，还是一个害怕站起来说话的人，好消息是你可以向前迈进，放松下来，成为一个伟大的演说家。可知这段主要说明每个人都要有理想，就会充满自信，故选A。
75. Make a speech every day.(答案不唯一，合理即可) 【解析】根据学习常识，要想成为优秀的演讲者，除以上的建议外，每天练习演讲，就会达到孰能生巧的目的。故答案为 Make a speech every day.(答案不唯一，合理即可)
【点睛】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
C
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】对于幼儿园的孩子来说，每天小睡可能是最不受欢迎的事情．但是，对于许多成年人来说，能够在一天当中放松和休息是很好的．
66. B 【解析】根据前句However, being able to relax and get some rest in the middle of the day is great for many adults．但是，对于许多成年人来说，能够在一天当中放松和休息是很好的．和后文内容，可知结合选项，应说但美国和中国对午睡的态度截然不同．故选B．
67. E 【解析】根据后句 People who take naps are seen as lazy. You can even be kicked off your job if you fall asleep at work．午睡的人被视为懒惰的人．如果你在工作中睡着了，你甚至可以被解雇．可知结合选项，应说在美国，中午小睡会被人瞧不起．故选E．
68. D 【解析】根据前句This kind of thinking dates back to the founders of the US, Puritans(清教徒)．这种想法可以追溯到美国的创始人清教徒可知结合选项，应说他们以努力工作而闻名．故选D．
69. A 【解析】根据后文中的But on the other hand, having a short rest can help you work better. A good rest can mprove your mood as well. So why not take a nap during lunch break and make the rest of the day more enjoyable？另一方面，短暂的休息可以帮助你更好地工作．良好的休息也可以改善你的心情．可知结合选项，应说一方面，如果你午睡，你花在工作上的时间确实会更少．故选A．
70. C 【解析】根据后句But on the other hand, having a short rest can help you work better．但另一方面，短暂的休息可以帮助你更好地工作．可知结合选项，应说但在中国，午睡只是一天中正常的一部分．故选C。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．
D
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】短文讲了Will Restall上五年级时，在坐公交车时，司机突然昏倒，他用对讲机救了司机。
16. C 【解析】细节推理题。根据前句 Local bus drivers taught students about how to use the buses' two﹣ way radios, A two way radio is a radio that can both send and receive messages，当地的公共汽车司机教学生如何使用公共汽车的双向无线电，双向无线电是一种既能发送又能接收信息的无线电，结合选项可知，应说用户可以说话也可以听，它也被称为对讲机。故选C。
17. A 【解析】细节推理题。根据后句 He had to wait 10 minutes or so before he could get off the bus．他不得不等10分钟左右才能下车。结合选项可知，应说和公车上的其他学生一样，威尔正在用手机玩电子游戏。故选A。
18. D 【解析】细节推理题。根据后句She had passed out and fell over on the bus stairs．她昏了过去，倒在公共汽车的台阶上。结合选项可知，应说他看到公共汽车司机不在驾驶座上了，故选D。
19. E 【解析】细节推理题。根据前句Will left his seat， grabbed the two﹣way radio and reported that the driver was hurt．威尔离开座位，抓起对讲机，报告司机受伤。结合选项可知，应说每辆公共汽车上的收音机让威尔的朋友们听到他报告紧急情况。故选E。
20. B 【解析】细节推理题。根据前句Will's brave actions attracted a lot of attention．威尔的勇敢行为引起了很多关注。结合选项可知，应说当地一家电视台甚至采访了他。故选B。
E
【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了科学家发现人们能够根据脸部颜色的变化来告诉别人的情绪。
71. D【解析】根据上文Have you ever tried to hide your emotions(情感)from someone during a conversation?可知下文是It’s not always easy, because the color on your face may tell the truth.这并不总是容易的，因为你脸上的颜色可以说真话。故选D。
72. C【解析】据下文For example, happiness makes our faces red around the cheeks and a little blue around the chin. Disgust(厌恶)creates not only a blue-yellow color around the lips, but also a red- green color around the nose and forehead.可知上文是They found that every facial expression is connected to a certain color他们发现每个面部表情都与某一颜色有关。故选C。
73. A【解析】据下文Does the color alone or also facial expressions help people tell other’s emotions?可知上文是But this raises a question.但是，这提出了一个问题。故选A。
74. E【解析】据下文They were able to tell the emotions 75 percent of the time without any difficulty.可知上文是Then, volunteers were asked to tell what emotions the faces were showing. 然后，志愿者被要求说出脸上的表情。故选E。
75. F 【解析】根据下文For example, when two people are heatedly arguing over something, we say they are red in the face. When a person is very angry, we’d say he or she is blue in the face.可知上文是This is why there are some Chinese sayings that connect emotions to the color of one’s face. 这就是为什么有些中国谚语把情感和脸色联系起来。故选F。
A
【文章大意】你觉得离家出走感觉会很刺激、很自由，是吗？其实离家出走跟你想象的是完全不一样的，这样的孩子经常会遇到很多的困难，他们也很可能会走上犯罪的道路。
1. F 【解析】句意：当你想到离家出走的时候，你可能会想象没有规则，没有家长告诉你去做什么，没有斗争。根据下文Kids who run away face new problems like not having any money, food to eat, a safe place to sleep, or anyone to take care of them.可知，离家出走的孩子会面对很多的问题，所以这句话中所说的只是你的想象。故应选F。
2. A 【解析】句意：离家出走一点也不有趣。anything but 除了……任何事情，意思是一点也不。根据下文的文意可知，离家出走的孩子会面对很多的问题和危险，还可能会犯罪，会感染疾病，所以这样做一点意思也没有。故应选A。
3. B 【解析】根据上文People with no home and no money become ready to do anything just to meet their everyday needs可知，没有家、没有钱的人可能会做出任何事情来满足自己的需要；下文Runaway kids join in dangerous crimes(犯罪) much more often than kids who live at home提到离家出走的孩子加入了危险的犯罪活动。由此可见，他们是处在危险的状况中，故应选B。
4. E 【解析】句意：住在大街上的孩子经常不得不偷东西来维持生存，很多人吸毒度日，因为他们变得如此伤心，感觉没有人关心他们。根据句意可知，这里表示这些离家出走的孩子陷入这样的困境的原因，他们觉得没有人关心他们。故应选E。
5. D 【解析】句意：患有艾滋病或其他疾病的孩子的数目在这些离家出走的孩子们身上要更多，因为他们更容易受到感染。上句话说这些离家出走的孩子患艾滋病或其他疾病的数目要更多，这里解释的是原因，故应选D。
B
【文章大意】这篇短文讲述了我和一位外国人在一次交谈中，由于对于英语习惯用语不太了解，造成的一个小误会。从而告诉我们学习英语习语的重要性。
1. B 【解析】根据As I was talking about how I was studying English,可知，这里提到作者已经在交谈了，所以上句应该是我们开始交谈。故选B。
2. C 【解析】根据Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It was great.可知，这里提到去过长城，所以上句问的是：你去过长城吗？故选C。
3. A 【解析】根据＂Why did you ask me not to talk about it?＂可知，上句应该是：外国人阻止作者交谈。故选A。
4. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据He began to explain可知，听到这个英国人笑出声了，然后英国人又开始解释。故选D。
5. E 【解析】细节理解题。根据Remember: what our English teachers say to us students is always right. We should listen to them!可知，从此要注意英语的习语，故选E。
C
【文章大意】作者认为这个世界很有意思，不同的人喜欢不同的事物。一些人喜欢吵杂的音乐，一些人不喜欢，他们喜欢轻音乐。许多人喜欢运动，但是他们喜欢的不是同一种运动。不同的人喜欢的食物不同。很多人喜欢足球。不同的人喜欢去不同的地方旅游。
1. A 【解析】句意：他们喜欢轻柔的音乐。根据上文Some people like loud music. Other people don’t.(一些人喜欢吵杂的音乐，一些人不喜欢。)结合句意和语境可知选A。
2. C 【解析】句意：数以百万计的人在电视上观看比赛。根据上文The World Cup is very popular.结合句意和语境可知选C。
3. E 【解析】句意：他们大部分时间都吃水果和蔬菜。根据上文Some people do not like meat. 结合句意和语境可知选E。
4. B 【解析】句意：不是每个人都喜欢同样的颜色。根据下文Most people have their favorite colors. Some people like bright colors. Others prefer pale colors.(大多数人都有自己喜欢的颜色。有些人喜欢鲜艳的颜色。其他人则喜欢淡色。)结合句意和语境可知选B。
5. G 【解析】句意：有些人喜欢美丽的地方，如山或海滩。根据上文Different people like different places. Some people like to go to the country. They like the fresh air. Some people like to go to the cities.(不同的人喜欢不同的地方。有些人喜欢去乡下。他们喜欢新鲜空气。有些人喜欢去城市。)结合句意和语境可知选G。
