Module 2 Experiences Unit 3 Language in use 知识点精讲

外研社八下M2U3 Language in use
语法讲解
现在完成时（一）
考点一 概念
现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
考点二【重点】各种句式
肯定句 主语＋have/has＋动词的过去分词＋其他
否定句 主语＋haven't/hasn't＋动词的过去分词＋其他
一般疑问句 Have/Has＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他，其肯定回答为Yes，...have/has.否定回答为No，...haven't/hasn't.

eg：I have seen the film twice.
我看过这部电影两次。
We haven't met him before.
我们以前没有见过他。
—Has she taken the medicine？
她吃过药了吗？
—Yes，she has./No，she hasn't.
是的，她吃过了。/不，她还没吃。
巧记现在完成时
学习现在完成时，谓语结构要记住。
“have/has＋过去分词”，主要用法影响或结果。
just， already常用着，过去动作或状态。
一直延续到现在，for或since把时间带。
例题1 I____________the History Museum twice.I've learned a lot there.
A.visit　　　　　　　B.am visiting
C.have visited D.will visit
例题2The students of Class Three have cleaned their classroom.（改为否定句）
_____________________________________________________
例题3 The students of Class Three______their classroom.
—______you ________Jeremy Lin？
—Yes.The once?nameless young man became a
basketball hero suddenly.
A.Did； hear 　　　B.Do； listen to
C.Have； heard of D.Have； listened to

考点三 动词过去分词的变化
考向一【重点】规则变化：
一般情况下，在动词后加ed? work?→?worked?工作
在以字母e结尾的动词后只加d? close?→?closed?关
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加?ed carry?→?carried?携带
以重读闭音节（包括重读r音节）结尾且末尾只有?一个辅音字母的动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加ed stop?→?stopped?停止， prefer?→?preferred?宁愿


考向二【难点】 不规则变化：不规则变化没有规律，需要在日常学习中加强记忆。
如：do → done 做；go → gone 去；see → seen 看见；wake → waken 醒
例题—Turn off the radio， dear.The baby is sleeping.
—There is no need.He____________（wake）up.
课堂练习
1．—Have you ever ________ (hear) of Beethoven?
—Yes, I have.He is a famous musician.
2．—May I speak to Nick?
—Sorry, he's ________ (go) to Paris and will be back in 2 weeks.
Not only Lily but also Lucy ________ (see) the film Titanic before.
There ____________ (be) a laboratory and two reading rooms in our school so far.
The engineer ________ (try) every possible way, but still cannot get the computer started.
二、单项选择
6．—I think our teacher, Mrs. Allen, knows everything.
—I agree. Because she ________ over 2,000 books.
A．read 　 B．has read
C．reads D．is reading
7．—Mom, I ________ the Great Wall in the last two years.
—Well, I will take you there next month.
A．don't visit B．won't visit
C．haven't visited D．didn't visit
8．—Why are you standing here, Mrs White?
—I'm waiting for my son.He ________ back from school.
A．hasn't come　　　　　　 B．won't come
C．doesn't come D．isn't coming
9．—How many times ________ Carl ________ to the Great Wall?
—Only once.
A．does; go B．did; go
C．has; gone D．has; been
10．Miss Brown, we ________ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now?
A．finish B．finishing
C．are finished D．have finished

知识点the rest of...剩余……，其余的……
eg：Some students are planting trees.The rest of them
are watering the trees.
一些学生在植树，剩余的学生在给树浇水。
考向【重点】 the rest of后常接名词或代词。the rest of后面接名词作主语时，其谓语动词的形式取决于of后的名词。
例题 There are five questions in the math book.Three of the questions are very difficult， but the rest of them________（be）very easy.